高考英语二轮复习课件：构词法（共36张PPT）
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| 名称 | 高考英语二轮复习课件：构词法（共36张PPT） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-07-15 22:48:13 | ||
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课件36张PPT。Grammar构词法 (Word Formation)高考英语语法总复习If you meet new words while reading, what will you do ?
It’s not always necessary to
understand the meaning of every
word, just go on reading! Guess the meaning! How ? When we deal with the problems in reading comprehension, we can use Word Formation to help us, but the context(上下文，语境) is also very important.1. I will not make friends with a dishonest
person.
2. When the little boy finished, his father was
speechless.
3. A bad-looking pickpocket stole my wallet.根据构词法猜词 首先要熟悉基本的构词法及其规律, 其次要掌握一定的词根和词缀。如:un-,
im-, mis-, -less, -ness等。dis+honest 不诚实的speech+less 说不出话的pick+pocket 扒手disclose one’s secret 吐槽神马都是浮云 It's all floating cloud.猜猜下列网络流行语的意思神马都是浮云Microblog微博overseas returnee海龟海龟Whether you believe it or not, I am convinced.envious, jealous and hateful
time-travel TV drama穿越剧group purchasing团购daddy-is-the-key a tear-inducing misery拼爹悲催ant-like graduatesin shock/shock sb蚁族被雷到了派生法（Derivation）合成法(Compounding)
转化法（Conversion）缩略法（Abbreviation）加前缀(prefix)：
happy --- ___happy
加后缀（suffix）：
develop --- develop_______
既加前缀又加后缀：
employ ---____employ_______
unmentunment一、派生词（derivation） 由词根(root)加前缀（prefix）或后缀（suffix）构成新词。 Notice::前缀一般只
改变词义,不改变词性;
后缀一般只改变 词性,不引起词义变化Derivation: 1) 前缀:
(1) agree- like- appear-
(2) correct-, possible- ,
regular-
(3) happy-, able-, fit-,
(4) stop-,
verbal(语言的）- (非语言的)
(5) write -, view- disagreedislikedisappearSome important prefixes:incorrectimpossibleirregularunhappyunableunfitnonstopnonverbal rewritereview
2) 后缀: Some important suffixes:
(1) 构成名词：
(2) 构成形容词:
(3) 构成动词:
(4) 构成副词:
(5) 构成数词:
-er, -ese, -ist, -ian,
-ment, -tion, -ness, -th.-al, -an, -ful, -ing, -y, -less-fy, -is (z)e: beautify, realize-ly: badly-teen, -ty, -th
thirteen, sixty, twelfth,fifthemployer, Chinese, socialist, musician agreement, collection, illness, truth
national, American, careful,
exciting, cloudy, uselessSome important suffixes:
-ment, -ion, -ness, -tion, -ful, -able, -less, -en等
sharpen a pencilstrengthenbrighten rain(形容词) ________ agree(反义)__________
nation(形容词)_______ farm(人)__________
recent(副词)________ friend(形容词)________
hope(形容词)_______ back(形容词)_________
visit(名词)__________ home(形容词) ________
eight(序数词)________ true(名词)___________
America(形容词)_______ China(形容词)________按括号内的要求改写下列单词rainynationalrecentlyhopefulvisitoreighthAmericandisagreefarmerfriendlybackwardhomelesstruthChinese游客Find the similarities of the following wordspain-killer＋＝止痛药color- blind色盲＋＝梦游者sleep-walker二、合成法（Compounding）highway
waiting-room
kind-hearted
把两个或两个以上独立的词合成一个新词。
1.合成名词例词newspaper; 含义greenhouse;温室handwriting;书写waiting- room;等候室earthquakesunrise日出necklace项链sightseeing观光报纸地震2.合成动词梦游；做白日梦 Overwork; Oversleep加班，劳累过度；睡过头 whitewash刷白sleep walk; daydream3.合成形容词人造的snow-white雪白的English-speaking讲英语的man-made含义例词Short-lived;短暂的light-blue浅蓝色的good-looking好看的warm-hearted热心肠的second-hand二手的hard-working勤劳的well-known有名的underground地下的three-month-old 三个月大的1) The fire lasted about 4 hours before the __ ______ could control it.
2) At school she formed a close _________ with several other girls.
3) They decide to spend their holiday at the _______.
4) He put on a hat and ________ before he went out.
5) They often perform in the streets for the _________.
6) I’m sure you will be __________ soon.passers-bywell-knownfirefightersfriendshipseasideovercoat1. Make compound words after the models.
A: passer, well, sea, fire, over, friend,
B: by, known, side, fighter, coat, ship,
Model: part + time = part-time2. Fill in the blanks with the words above.转化法?1. 许多名词可转化成动词，意思也随着有些改变。如：
chair（n.椅子→ v.主持） hand（n.手→v.上交）
land（n.土地→v.着陆） cook（n.厨师→v.烹调）
order（n.命令→v.订购） name（n.名字→v.取名）
lift（n.电梯→v.举起） picture（n.画→v.描绘）
press（n.报刊→v.挤压） nurse（n.护士→v.照料）
smoke（n.烟→v.吸烟） stand（n.看台→v.站）? 2. 大量动词可转化为名词，有时意思没有太大改变。如：
try （v.尝试→n.尝试） read (v.阅读→n.阅读)
swim （v.游泳→n.游泳） sigh （v.叹气→n.叹气）
cry (v.哭→n.哭) shout（v.呼喊→n.呼喊）
kiss (v.吻→n吻) guess (v.猜测→n猜测)
taste （v. 尝起来→n. 味道，品味）3. 形容词转化成动词。如：
better（a.更好的→v.改善） calm（a.安静的→v.使安静）
cool （a.凉快的→v.冷却） spare（a.空闲的→v.节省）
own （a.自己的→v.拥有） close（a.亲密的→v.关闭）
slow （a.慢的→v.减慢） last（a.最后的→v.持续）
clean （a.干净的→v.打扫）4. 形容词转化成名词。如：
cold（a.冷的→n.感冒） back（a.后面的→n.背部）
wrong (a.错误的→n错误)
5. 形容词转化成副词。如：
deep（a.深的→ad.深地） wide（a.宽的→ad.广泛地）
hard（a.困难的→ad.努力地） 翻译英语饶口令
1. Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.
2. Can you can a can as a canner can can a can ?
3. I wish to wish the wish you wish to wish, but if you wish the wish the witch wishes, I won't wish the wish you wish to wish.你能跟一个装罐工一样装罐头吗？麻烦没来找你，就别去自找麻烦。
我希望许和你一样的愿望，若你的愿望跟巫婆想许的愿望是一样的（太过虚幻不切实际），我就不想和你许一样的愿望一个单词由一种词性转化成另一种词性1. Jim dreams of being the best football player in England. His dream is to be the best player.
2. Please stop here, and it is the bus stop.
3. The car slowed down and the speed of it became slow.
4. Don’t use water to water the flowers too often.v.n.v.v.n.adj.n.v.三、转换法 ConversionAPEC Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation
亚太经济合作
IOC International Olympic Committee
国际奥林匹克组织
ISO International Standard Organization
国际标准化组织
BBS Bulletin Board System
全球定位系统
MBA Master of Business Administration
工商管理硕士
GRE Graduate Record Examination in USA and other countries
美国研究生入学考试
IELT Internationa English Language Testing System
雅思/国际英语语言测试系统
TOEFL Test of English as a Foreign Language
托福Familiar?四、缩略法（ Abbreviation ）
DV
VIP
WWW
WC
IQ
EQ
CEO
ATM
GPS Digital Video very important peopleWorld Wide Web Water Closet Intelligence Quotient
Emotional Quotient
Chief Executive Officer
Automatic Teller Machine
Global Positioning System
1. He was one of the best _______ in yesterday’s football match. (play)
2. Look! How _______ Kate is laughing! (happy)
3. It snowed _______ last night and now the streets are covered with snow. (heavy)
4. Edison was a great ________. During his life he had many __________. (invent)players happily heavily inventor inventions 构词法精练 Use the appropriate form of the words to
fill in the blanks.5. More and more _________ have come to visit China over these years. （foreign）
6. We want ___________ reasons for your failure to help. (satisfy)
7. Please give me some reference work. It will ________ my task. (simple)
8. The doctor said that Mary’s mother needed an _________.(operate) foreigners satisfying simplify operation 9. She hoped that her son would become a _________. (music)
10. Few ________ words made us excited. (speak)musician spoken SummaryDerivation(派生法):在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词
Compounding(合成法):有两个或更多的词合成一个词
Conversion(转化法 ):将一种词性转化成另一种词性
Abbreviation( 缩略法): 由每个单词首字母构成
Use the knowledge of word formation to guess, understand and remember the meaning of a new word.Use your imagination, you’ll get a different world.
想象给生活插上翅膀，
让我们在学习的天空中
越飞越高！Thank you!
It’s not always necessary to
understand the meaning of every
word, just go on reading! Guess the meaning! How ? When we deal with the problems in reading comprehension, we can use Word Formation to help us, but the context(上下文，语境) is also very important.1. I will not make friends with a dishonest
person.
2. When the little boy finished, his father was
speechless.
3. A bad-looking pickpocket stole my wallet.根据构词法猜词 首先要熟悉基本的构词法及其规律, 其次要掌握一定的词根和词缀。如:un-,
im-, mis-, -less, -ness等。dis+honest 不诚实的speech+less 说不出话的pick+pocket 扒手disclose one’s secret 吐槽神马都是浮云 It's all floating cloud.猜猜下列网络流行语的意思神马都是浮云Microblog微博overseas returnee海龟海龟Whether you believe it or not, I am convinced.envious, jealous and hateful
time-travel TV drama穿越剧group purchasing团购daddy-is-the-key a tear-inducing misery拼爹悲催ant-like graduatesin shock/shock sb蚁族被雷到了派生法（Derivation）合成法(Compounding)
转化法（Conversion）缩略法（Abbreviation）加前缀(prefix)：
happy --- ___happy
加后缀（suffix）：
develop --- develop_______
既加前缀又加后缀：
employ ---____employ_______
unmentunment一、派生词（derivation） 由词根(root)加前缀（prefix）或后缀（suffix）构成新词。 Notice::前缀一般只
改变词义,不改变词性;
后缀一般只改变 词性,不引起词义变化Derivation: 1) 前缀:
(1) agree- like- appear-
(2) correct-, possible- ,
regular-
(3) happy-, able-, fit-,
(4) stop-,
verbal(语言的）- (非语言的)
(5) write -, view- disagreedislikedisappearSome important prefixes:incorrectimpossibleirregularunhappyunableunfitnonstopnonverbal rewritereview
2) 后缀: Some important suffixes:
(1) 构成名词：
(2) 构成形容词:
(3) 构成动词:
(4) 构成副词:
(5) 构成数词:
-er, -ese, -ist, -ian,
-ment, -tion, -ness, -th.-al, -an, -ful, -ing, -y, -less-fy, -is (z)e: beautify, realize-ly: badly-teen, -ty, -th
thirteen, sixty, twelfth,fifthemployer, Chinese, socialist, musician agreement, collection, illness, truth
national, American, careful,
exciting, cloudy, uselessSome important suffixes:
-ment, -ion, -ness, -tion, -ful, -able, -less, -en等
sharpen a pencilstrengthenbrighten rain(形容词) ________ agree(反义)__________
nation(形容词)_______ farm(人)__________
recent(副词)________ friend(形容词)________
hope(形容词)_______ back(形容词)_________
visit(名词)__________ home(形容词) ________
eight(序数词)________ true(名词)___________
America(形容词)_______ China(形容词)________按括号内的要求改写下列单词rainynationalrecentlyhopefulvisitoreighthAmericandisagreefarmerfriendlybackwardhomelesstruthChinese游客Find the similarities of the following wordspain-killer＋＝止痛药color- blind色盲＋＝梦游者sleep-walker二、合成法（Compounding）highway
waiting-room
kind-hearted
把两个或两个以上独立的词合成一个新词。
1.合成名词例词newspaper; 含义greenhouse;温室handwriting;书写waiting- room;等候室earthquakesunrise日出necklace项链sightseeing观光报纸地震2.合成动词梦游；做白日梦 Overwork; Oversleep加班，劳累过度；睡过头 whitewash刷白sleep walk; daydream3.合成形容词人造的snow-white雪白的English-speaking讲英语的man-made含义例词Short-lived;短暂的light-blue浅蓝色的good-looking好看的warm-hearted热心肠的second-hand二手的hard-working勤劳的well-known有名的underground地下的three-month-old 三个月大的1) The fire lasted about 4 hours before the __ ______ could control it.
2) At school she formed a close _________ with several other girls.
3) They decide to spend their holiday at the _______.
4) He put on a hat and ________ before he went out.
5) They often perform in the streets for the _________.
6) I’m sure you will be __________ soon.passers-bywell-knownfirefightersfriendshipseasideovercoat1. Make compound words after the models.
A: passer, well, sea, fire, over, friend,
B: by, known, side, fighter, coat, ship,
Model: part + time = part-time2. Fill in the blanks with the words above.转化法?1. 许多名词可转化成动词，意思也随着有些改变。如：
chair（n.椅子→ v.主持） hand（n.手→v.上交）
land（n.土地→v.着陆） cook（n.厨师→v.烹调）
order（n.命令→v.订购） name（n.名字→v.取名）
lift（n.电梯→v.举起） picture（n.画→v.描绘）
press（n.报刊→v.挤压） nurse（n.护士→v.照料）
smoke（n.烟→v.吸烟） stand（n.看台→v.站）? 2. 大量动词可转化为名词，有时意思没有太大改变。如：
try （v.尝试→n.尝试） read (v.阅读→n.阅读)
swim （v.游泳→n.游泳） sigh （v.叹气→n.叹气）
cry (v.哭→n.哭) shout（v.呼喊→n.呼喊）
kiss (v.吻→n吻) guess (v.猜测→n猜测)
taste （v. 尝起来→n. 味道，品味）3. 形容词转化成动词。如：
better（a.更好的→v.改善） calm（a.安静的→v.使安静）
cool （a.凉快的→v.冷却） spare（a.空闲的→v.节省）
own （a.自己的→v.拥有） close（a.亲密的→v.关闭）
slow （a.慢的→v.减慢） last（a.最后的→v.持续）
clean （a.干净的→v.打扫）4. 形容词转化成名词。如：
cold（a.冷的→n.感冒） back（a.后面的→n.背部）
wrong (a.错误的→n错误)
5. 形容词转化成副词。如：
deep（a.深的→ad.深地） wide（a.宽的→ad.广泛地）
hard（a.困难的→ad.努力地） 翻译英语饶口令
1. Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.
2. Can you can a can as a canner can can a can ?
3. I wish to wish the wish you wish to wish, but if you wish the wish the witch wishes, I won't wish the wish you wish to wish.你能跟一个装罐工一样装罐头吗？麻烦没来找你，就别去自找麻烦。
我希望许和你一样的愿望，若你的愿望跟巫婆想许的愿望是一样的（太过虚幻不切实际），我就不想和你许一样的愿望一个单词由一种词性转化成另一种词性1. Jim dreams of being the best football player in England. His dream is to be the best player.
2. Please stop here, and it is the bus stop.
3. The car slowed down and the speed of it became slow.
4. Don’t use water to water the flowers too often.v.n.v.v.n.adj.n.v.三、转换法 ConversionAPEC Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation
亚太经济合作
IOC International Olympic Committee
国际奥林匹克组织
ISO International Standard Organization
国际标准化组织
BBS Bulletin Board System
全球定位系统
MBA Master of Business Administration
工商管理硕士
GRE Graduate Record Examination in USA and other countries
美国研究生入学考试
IELT Internationa English Language Testing System
雅思/国际英语语言测试系统
TOEFL Test of English as a Foreign Language
托福Familiar?四、缩略法（ Abbreviation ）
DV
VIP
WWW
WC
IQ
EQ
CEO
ATM
GPS Digital Video very important peopleWorld Wide Web Water Closet Intelligence Quotient
Emotional Quotient
Chief Executive Officer
Automatic Teller Machine
Global Positioning System
1. He was one of the best _______ in yesterday’s football match. (play)
2. Look! How _______ Kate is laughing! (happy)
3. It snowed _______ last night and now the streets are covered with snow. (heavy)
4. Edison was a great ________. During his life he had many __________. (invent)players happily heavily inventor inventions 构词法精练 Use the appropriate form of the words to
fill in the blanks.5. More and more _________ have come to visit China over these years. （foreign）
6. We want ___________ reasons for your failure to help. (satisfy)
7. Please give me some reference work. It will ________ my task. (simple)
8. The doctor said that Mary’s mother needed an _________.(operate) foreigners satisfying simplify operation 9. She hoped that her son would become a _________. (music)
10. Few ________ words made us excited. (speak)musician spoken SummaryDerivation(派生法):在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词
Compounding(合成法):有两个或更多的词合成一个词
Conversion(转化法 ):将一种词性转化成另一种词性
Abbreviation( 缩略法): 由每个单词首字母构成
Use the knowledge of word formation to guess, understand and remember the meaning of a new word.Use your imagination, you’ll get a different world.
想象给生活插上翅膀，
让我们在学习的天空中
越飞越高！Thank you!