Unit 1 Great scientists
培优练习
Ⅰ. 根据首字母或汉语提示，用本单元所学的单词完成下列句子。
1．The following _________ (图表) shows the links among these age groups.
2．These rules will have ________ (积极的) influence on the development of the local market.
3．Actually they are watching the ________ (移动) of the fish going up the river.
4．I was looking ________ (向后地) over my shoulder when I recognized one of my old friends.
5．My sister can ________ (旋转) on her toes like a dancer.
6．He doesn’t know much about this subject, but he’s very e________.
7．The scientists are c_________ about using the new medical treatment on humans.
8．Surprisingly, one of my best students was r__________ by his dream university.
9．The earth is only one of the planets in the u__________.
10. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make s________.
Ⅱ.根据语境，用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。（每个短语仅使用一次）
under construction; be absorbed into; apart from; become interested in; die of; look into; expose...to…; (be) suspected of; put forward; slow down
1． ____________ stopping water pollution by law, it is everyone’s responsibility to make good use of water.
2． I like watching English programmes so I ____________ English.
3． We consider it quite necessary to __________ the failure before doing anything else.
4． The train _________ suddenly, the lights went off, and then there was fire and smoke.
5． My mother ____________ cancer when I was 10 years old, so I have to learn to live alone.
6． Potatoes turn green when they ______________ the light.
7．. With the development of economy, our countryside is increasingly __________ the large cities.
8． The naughty boy was ____________ having damaged the computer.
9． Many people are likely to accept any idea __________ by experts on TV.
10． A new eight-kilometer road is ____________ that links the airport with the city.
Ⅲ.根据语境用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1． One of the passengers _________ (injure) in the accident was my friend.
2． When we came in, we saw the glasses were _________ (break).
3． Can you tell me what the language _________ (speak) in Germany is?
4． The club, _________ (found) 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.
5． They were _________ (determine) to finish the work as soon as possible.
6．The first textbook __________ (write) for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
7． They are _________ (satisfy) with the girl, who has finished her work ahead of time.
8． So far nobody has come to take away the books ___________ (discover) in the library.
9． Don’t drink ________ (pollute) water, because it carries the virus.
10．After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ________ (provide).
Ⅳ.语篇填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is reported that many middle school students are just not getting enough sleep, especially during the school week. The problem seems to get 1. (bad) as they get older. Year 7 students sleep 8.4 hours in a school night, and Year 9 students only 6.9 hours.
It’s also reported that not getting enough sleep can cause 2． (problem) in a student’s life. Many students fall 3. (sleep) in school or while doing their homework, so it is not 4． (surprise) that they get lower grades than those who get enough sleep. Scientists suggest nine hours a night for middle school students. Of the students who feel 5． (happy) and nervous, 73% don’t get enough sleep at night.
W hy aren’t students getting enough sleep? Many students have one of the
6． (follow) things, like telephone, television, or computer in their bedrooms.
7． (use) them on a school night not only takes their time away from homework, but also makes 8． difficult for them to sleep. As a result, many students can’t sleep before 11 p.m, yet they must get up early 9． (go) to school.
Scientists also suggest students should not do exciting activities for an hour 10． bedtime.
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
It’s school time again! You’re probably feeling excited and maybe a little sad that summer is over.Some kids feel nervous or a little scared(害怕的)on the first day of school because of all the new things:new teachers,new friends,and even a new school.Luckily,these “new” worries only stick around for a little while.Let’s find out more about going to a new school.
Most teachers kick off the new school year by introducing themselves and talking about all the stuff you’ll be doing that year.Some teachers give students a chance to tell something about themselves to the rest of the class,too.When teachers do the talking on the first day,they often go over classroom rules and school rules so you’ll know what’s allowed and what’s not.Please pay close attention.?
You might already know a lot of people in your classes on the first day,but it’s a great day to make new friends,so try to say hello to kids you know and new ones that you don’t.Make the first move and you’ll be glad,and so will your new friends!
Seeing friends you haven’t seen in a while can make the first day a good one.You can make the day feel special by wearing clothes that you really like.Maybe you got a great T-shirt on one of your vacations,or a pair of sneakers(运动鞋).It also can make you feel good to be prepared and have all the things you need,such as pencils,folders,and whatever else you’ll be needing.But make sure that you pack them the night before in case you don’t have time in the morning.
1.The underlined phrase “kick off” in the second paragraph probably means “ ”.?
A.start B.study C.find D.teach
2.The last paragraph mainly tells us .?
A.what to know about a new school
B.how to prepare for a new school
C.what to do on your first day of school[来源:学科网]
D.how to spend your first day of school
3.According to the passage you usually do everything on the first day of school EXCEPT .?[来源:Z#xx#k.Com]
A.introduce yourself B.learn about the school rules
C.make new friends D.go over your new lessons
4.If you happen to see an old friend on the first day of school,from the passage we know that you will feel .?
A.nervous B.lucky C.happy D.excited
B
The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.
Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people,leading to them becoming more isolated(隔绝) and inactive.
Led by Professor Phil Blythe,the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.
These include custom-made navigation(导航) tools,night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations.Phil Blythe explains:“For many older people,particularly those living alone or in the country,driving is important for preserving their independence,giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.
“But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills.The result is that people stop driving before they really need to.”
Dr Amy Guo,the leading researcher on the older driver study,explains:“The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key stress points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.
“For example,most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly,we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined.We’re looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.
“We hope that our work will help with technological solutions(解决方案) to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.”
5.What is the purpose of the DriveLAB?
A.To explore new means of transport.
B.To design new types of cars.
C.To find out older drivers’ problems.
D.To teach people traffic rules.
6.Why is driving important for older people according to Phil Blythe?
A.It keeps them independent.
B.It helps them save time.
C.It builds up their strength.
D.It cures their mental illnesses.
7.What do researchers hope to do for older drivers?
A.Improve their driving skills.
B.Develop driver-assist technologies.
C.Provide tips on repairing their cars.
D.Organize regular physical checkups.
8.What is the best title for the text?
A.A New Model Electric Car
B.A Solution to Traffic Problems
C.Driving Services for Elders
D.Keeping Older Drivers on the Road
答案和解析
Ⅰ. 根据首字母或汉语提示，用本单元所学的单词完成下列句子。
1.chart 2.positive 3.movement 4.backward 5.spin 6.enthusiastic 7.cautious 8.rejected 9.universe 10.sense
Ⅱ.根据语境，用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。（每个短语仅使用一次）
1.Apart from 2.become interested in 3.look into 4．slowed down 5.died of
6.are exposed to 7.being absorbed into 8．suspected of 9．put forward 10.under construction
Ⅲ.根据语境用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.injured 2.broken 3．spoken 4.founded 5.determined 6.written 7.satisfied 8.discovered 9.polluted 10.provided
Ⅳ.语篇填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.worse【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据后文as they get older可知，此处应用bad的比较级形式。
2.problems【解析】考查名词复数。这里表示问题不至一个，所以用复数形式。
3.asleep【解析】考查动词固定短语。fall asleep 入睡。
4.surprising【解析】 考查非谓语动词。此处用现在分词转化的形容词作表语。
5.unhappy 【解析】考查词义。这里指的是感到不高兴和紧张的学生，所以需用happy的反义词unhappy。
6.following【解析】考查非谓语动词。following表示“接下来的”，为形容词，所以这里需用形容词修饰名词thing。
7.Using【解析】考查动名词。这里是动名词作主语，所以需将use改为using。
8.it【解析】考查代词。这里用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式to sleep。
9.to go【解析】考查动词不定式。get up to do sth起床做某事，所以这里需用动词不定式。
10.before【解析】考查副词。这里指的是在睡觉前。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
1.A【解析】第二段叙述在新生开学时教师向学生进行自我介绍及说明学生在这一年所需做的事情等,据此可推知答案为A项。
2.B【解析】本文第二、三段主要介绍新生开学第一天的情况,最后一段讲述的是为此应做的准备。
3. D【解析】
由第二、三段的叙述可知A、B、C三项都有涉及,唯独没有涉及“复习新课”这一项。
4. C【解析】
根据最后一段第一句“Seeing friends you haven’t seen in a while can make the first day a good one.”可知开学第一天遇到老朋友是件高兴的事。
5.C【解析】细节理解题。从第一段“...a mobile laboratory named ‘DriveLAB’ in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.”可知,DriveLAB的目的在于发现老年司机驾驶汽车所面临的问题。
6.A【解析】细节理解题。从第四段第二句“...driving is important for preserving their independence,giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.”可知,在Phil Blythe看来,驾驶汽车对于老年人之所以重要,是因为驾驶能让他们保持独立。
7.B 【解析】细节理解题。从第六段“The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key stress points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.”可知,研究者们想为老年司机研制一种辅助驾驶的技术。
8. D【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是首尾两段可知,本文主要介绍纽卡斯尔大学智能交通研发团队对一款电动汽车进行实验,以发现老年司机驾驶汽车的难题并加以解决,以便他们在路上更安全行驶。故选D项。
Unit 1 Great scientists
基础练习
I.单词拼写
根据下面的英语释义写出本单元所学的单词
1. v_____________n.someone who suffers when something bad happens
2. a_____________v.to examine and think about something carefully
3. d_____________v.to win a victory over someone
4. c_____________something that tests strength, skill or ability
5. b_____________v.to say or think that someone or something is responsible for something bad
6. a_____________v.to take in
7. p_____________n.a doctor
8. a_____________v.to look after, to take care of, to care for
9. p_____________v.to make dirty
10. f_____________v. to predict, to say something will happen in the future
11. c_____________a. (being) careful in fear of an accident
12. r_____________v. to refuse to accept, to turn down
13.c_____________v. to build
14. s_____________a.very serious
15. s_____________v. to think that someone did something wrong or bad
II. 短语翻译
1．蒸汽机_____________________
2．提出 _____________________
3．得出结论____________________
4．也，另外___________________
5．将……和……连接起来______________________
6．对……严格的________________________
7．有意义_________________________
8．通向，导致_________________________
9．态度，观点________________________
10．继续工作__________________________
III. 语法填空
Jane: Hi, Jack. What are you doing there?
Jack: I'm reading a book about the American scientist, George Washington Carver, who made?great 1. ________?(contribute)??to American farming.
Jane: I have read an article about him too. He was born into a state of slavery.
Jack: Exactly right. But he became 2. ________ (know) for the development of new crops for southern farmers 3. ________ main cash crop (经济作物) was cotton.
Jane: And I remember that he carried out many 4. ________?(science)?
researches?on?the planting?of?crops,?5. ________??(aim)??to improve the farmers' quality of life.
Jack: You are right. However, he had an unfortunate family. His parents had eleven children but all of his ten brothers and sisters died young. 6. ________ addition, Carver and his mother was kidnapped (绑架) and sold to Kentucky when he was just one week old. Though he 7. ________ (find) by his master later, he never saw his mother again.
Jane: I can see 8. ________ he had a really hard childhood.
Jack: Yes. But his life changed after slavery was abolished (废除). He was able to attend a school 9. ________? (build) for blacks. Then he managed to get into the Tuskegee Institute, and began his crop research 10. ________ (short) after graduation.
IV. 句子填空
1. 除了这些理由以外，他无话可说了
______________ ___________these reasons, he said nothing.
2. 我们的英语老师对我们要求严格。
Our English teacher_____________ __________ ___________us.
3．让我们一起去听来自北京大学的李教授的演讲[来源:学|科|网]
Let's _____________the lecture by professor Li from Beijing University.[来源:Zxxk.Com]
4. 他的粗心大意的驾驶导致了这起严重的交通事故。
His careless driving _________ ____________the serious traffic accident.
5. 他捐赠食物和衣服给红十字会。
He _____________food and clothing __________the Red Cross.
6. After reading Lucy’s letter, I ________ ________ ________ (得出结论) that she was a very intelligent person.
7. In the company, pay increases ________ ________ ________ (和……联系) performance.
8. Tom was ready to ________ ________ ________(接受挑战) of his new job.?
9. I can’t help laughing ________ ________ (每次) I hear the joke.
10. After climbing up the mountain,? ____________________ (我爷爷看起来已筋疲力尽了).
答案
I.单词拼写
1.victim 2.analyse 3.defeat 4.challenge 5.blame 6.absorb 7.physician 8.attend 9.pollute 10.forsee 11.cautious 12.reject 13.construct 14.severe 15.suspect
II. 短语翻译
1. steam engine 2. put forward 3. draw a conclusion 4. in addiction 5. link…to 6. be strict with 7.make sense 8. lead to 9. point of view 10.work on
III. 语法填空
1. contributions ? 2. known?? ??3. whose 4. scientific?? ???? 5. aiming???? ???? 6. In 7. was found???? 8. that???? 9. built??? 10. shortly
IV. 句子填空
1. Apart from 2. is strict with 3. attend 4. led to 5. contributed to
6. drew the conclusion? 7. are linked to 8. accept the challenge(s) ?9. every / each time 10. My grandfather looked exhausted?
Unit 1 Great scientists
提高练习
第一部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的4个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
What is a boy?
Between the innocence of babyhood and the seriousness of manhood we find a delightful creature called a “boy”. Boys come in different sizes, weights, and colors, but all boys have the belief：to enjoy every second of every minute every hour of every day and to fill the air with noise until the adult males pack them off to bed at night.
Boys are found everywhere—on top of, under，inside of, climbing on, swinging from, running around, or jumping to this and that! Mothers spoil them, little girls hate them, older sisters and brothers love them, and God protects them. A boy is TRUTH with dirt on its face. BEAUTY with a cut on its finger, WISDOM with chocolate in its hair, and HOPE of the future with a snake in its pocket.
When you are busy, a boy is a trouble?maker and a noise. When you want him to make a good impression，his brain turns to jelly, or else he becomes a wild creature bent on destroying the world and himself with it.
A boy is a mixture—he has the stomach of a horse, the digestion of stones and sand, the energy of an atomic bomb, the curiosity of a cat, the imagination of a superman, the shyness of a sweet girl, the brave nature of a bull, the violence of a firecracker, but when you ask him to make something，he_has five thumbs (拇指) on each hand.
He likes ice cream, knives, saws, Christmas, comic books, woods, water (in its natural habitat), large animals, Dad, trains, Saturday mornings, and fire engines. He is not much for Sunday schools, companies，schools, books without pictures, music lessons, neckties，barbers, girls, overcoats, adults, or bedtime.
Nobody else is so early to rise, or so late to supper. Nobody else gets so much fun out of trees，dogs, and breezes. Nobody else can put into one pocket a rusty knife, a half eaten apple, a three?foot rope, six cents and some unknown things.
A boy is a magical creature—he is your headache but when you come home at night with only shattered pieces of your hopes and dreams, he can mend them like new with two magic words, “Hi, Dad ！”
1．The whole passage is in a tone(调子) of________.
A．humor and affection B．respect and harmony
C．ambition and expectation D．confidence and imagination
2．Could you figure out the meaning of the underlined sentence?
A．He has altogether five fingers.
B．He is slow，foolish and clumsy.
C．He becomes clever and smart.
D．He cuts his hand with a knife.
3．According to the writer，boys appreciate everything in the following except________.
A．ice cream B．comic books
C．Saturday mornings D．Sunday schools
4．What does the writer feel about boys?
A．He feels curious about their noise.
B．He is fed up with these creatures.
C．He is amazed by their naughtiness.
D．He feels unsafe staying with them.
B
Samuel Osmond is a 19?year?old boy student from Cornwall, England. He never studied the piano. However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them. He learns a piece of music by listening to it in parts. Then he thinks about the notes in his head. Two years ago, he played his first piece Moonlight Sonata(奏鸣曲) by Beethoven. He surprised everyone around him.
Amazed that he remembered this long and difficult piece of music and played it perfectly, his teachers say Samuel is unbelievable. They say his ability is very rare, but Samuel doesn't even realize that what he can do is special. Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he studied law and music.
Samuel can't understand why everyone is so surprised. “I grew up with music. My mother played the piano and my father played the guitar. About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons. It comes easily to me—I hear the notes and can bear them in mind—each and every note.” says Samuel.
Recently, Samuel performed a piece during a special event at his college. The piece had more than a thousand notes. The audience was impressed by his amazing performance. He is now learning a piece that is so difficult that many professional pianists can't play it. Samuel says confidently, “It's all about super memory—I guess I have that gift.”
However, Samuel's ability to remember things doesn't stop with music. His family says that even when he was a young boy, Samuel heard someone read a story, and then he could retell the story word for word.
Samuel is still only a teenager. He doesn't know what he wants to do in the future. For now，he is just happy to play beautiful music and continue his studies.
5．What is special about Samuel Osmond?
A．He has a gift for writing music.
B．He can write down the note he hears.
C．He is a top student at the law school.
D．He can play the musical piece he hears.
6．What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A．Samuel chose law against the wish of his parents.
B．Samuel planned to be a lawyer rather than a musician.
C．Samuel thinks of himself as a man of great musical ability.
D．Samuel studies law and music on the advice of his teachers.
7．What can we infer about Samuel in Paragraph 4?
A．He became famous during a special event at his college.
B．He is proud of his ability to remember things accurately.
C．He plays the piano better than many professional pianists.
D．He impressed the audience by playing all the musical pieces.
8．Which of the following is the best title of this passage?
A．The Qualities of a Musician
B．The Story of a Musical Talent.
C．The Importance of Early Education
D．The Relationship between Memory and Music
C
Tail Spin
Two dolphins race around in a big pool in the Ocean Park. The smaller dolphin, Grace, shows off a few of her tricks, turning around and waving hello to the crowd. The most amazing thing about her, however, is that she's even swimming at all. She doesn't have a tail.
Grace lost her tail as a baby when she got caught up in a fish trap. When the dolphin arrived at the Ocean Park in December 2005, she was fighting for her life. “Is she going to make it？” Her trainer, Abbey Stone, feared the worst. Grace did make it—but her tail didn't. She ended up losing her flukes and the lower part of her peduncle.
Over the past six years, she has learned to swim without her tail. Dolphins swim by moving their flukes and peduncle up and down. Grace taught herself to move another way—like a fish! She pushes herself forward through the water by moving her peduncle from side to side.
The movements put harmful pressure on Grace's backbone. So a company offered to create a man?made tail for her. The tail had to be strong enough to stay on Grace as she swam but soft enough that it wouldn't hurt her.
The first time Grace wore the artificial tail, she soon shook it off and let it sink to the bottom of the pool. Now, she is still learning to use the tail. Some days she wears it for an hour at a time, others not at all. “The new tail isn't necessary for her to feel comfortable，” says Stone, “but it helps to keep that range of motion (动作) and build muscles (肌肉)．”
Now, the dolphin is about to get an even happier ending. This month, Grace will star in Dolphin Tale, a film that focuses on her rescue and recovery. Her progress has inspired more than just a new movie. Many people travel from near and far to meet her. Seeing Grace swim with her man?made tail gives people so much courage.
9．When Grace first arrived at the Ocean Park, her trainer worried about her ________.
A．physical build B．potential ability
C．chance of survival D．adaptation to the surroundings
10．A man?made tail is created for Grace to ________.
A．let her recover faster
B．make her comfortable
C．adjust her way of swimming
D．help her perform better tricks
11．The story of Grace inspires people to ________.
A．stick to their dreams B．treat animals friendly
C．treasure what they have D．face difficulties bravely
D
He is regarded as having one of the brightest minds on the planet. But outstanding astrophysicist(天体物理学家) Stephen Hawking has admitted that he did not learn to read until he was eight years old.
In a public lecture at the Royal Albert Hall，Professor Hawking also admitted that he was not active in studying while at Oxford University，where he studied physics，and that only the diagnosis that he might die young from motor neurone(神经元) disease made him concentrate on his work.
Professor Hawking said: “My sister Philippa could read by the age of 4 but then she was definitely brighter than me.”He said that he was unexceptional at school and was never further than halfway up his class.“My classwork was very untidy，and my handwriting was the despair of my teachers，”he said.“But my classmates gave me the nickname Einstein，so presumably they saw signs of something better.”
But he said that it was when doctors told him that he probably only had a few years to live at the age of 21 that galvanized him into focusing on his work and a period of productivity that resulted in some of his early breakthroughs. He said，“When you are faced with the possibility of an early death，it makes you realize that life is worth living and there are lots of things you want to do.”
12．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Stephen Hawking is the second Einstein in the world.
B．Stephen Hawking couldn't read at the age of 7.
C．Stephen Hawking's handwriting was once terribly bad.
D．Stephen Hawking's sister once performed much better than him.
13．What made Stephen Hawking devote himself to his work?
A．Patience. B．Knowledge. C．Disease. D．Laziness.
14．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Stephen Hawking didn't realize his dreams in physics.
B．It was possible for Hawking to face the early death.
C．The purpose of the doctor's diagnosis was to encourage him to work hard.
D．His life might be taken away by long hard work.
15．From whom did Hawking get a relatively just estimation when he was at school?
A．His sister. B．His classmates.
C．His teachers. D．His parents.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you have ever been in a school play or ever made believe you were a doctor, detective, or a space traveler, you know the enjoyment that acting brings. Almost all of us have the wish to play the part of someone or something else. __16__ .
In the ancient world, acting was often associated with religious ceremonies and other special occasions. As far back as 2,200 B．C. trained Chinese actors performed ceremonial dances in costume and makeup at harvest festivals. __17__ To the dance was gradually added pantomime (哑语)—the imitation of movements and gestures—as well as the wearing of masks, the singing of chants, and finally the use of dialogue.
While acting was coming into its own in the ancient Chinese classical theatre, it was doing the same in the western world, in Greece. From about 500 B．C. on, acting became a highly specialized art in Greece. Greek actors, however, still wore masks, and their motions were largely fixed by custom.__18__.
Modern acting, by contrast, gives the individual actor great opportunity to develop his or her personal talents for serious, comic, or musical drama. The names, faces styles of famous movie actors are known worldwide.__19__A special form of acting takes place in radio drama, which was highly popular before television. In radio drama the actors face an unique challenge. They are unseen by their audience. So they must rely on voice alone to make their characters real to the listeners.
__20__Only forty percent of Broadway actors are employed, most of them for only part of the year. Those who become stars need not only talent, but determination. They must not be easily discouraged. Otherwise, they might give up before the opportunity for stardom presents itself.
A. The origins of acting are in the act of remembering.
B. Drama in Greece began with festivals honoring Dionysus.
C. It is believed that this was the first step in the development of acting.
D. Historical records show that this desire is as old as civilization itself.
E. Acting is not, as many people think, a quick, easy road to fame and riches.
F. Broadway and television provide other stages on which actors can display their talent.
G. As a result, they had little opportunity to show their individual personalities.
第二部分：：英语知识运用(共两节；满分45分)
第一节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)，选出最佳选项。
Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found a way to fill a universal human need.
It was a need that he first __21__ back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg. To get an __22__， he was struggling against many difficulties. His family was poor. His Dad couldn't afford the _23__ at college, so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes. Study had to be done __24__ his farm?work routines. He withdrew from many school activities __25__ he didn't have the time or the _26__. He had only one good suit. He tried __27__ the football team, but the coach turned him down for being too __28__. During this period Dale was slowly __29__ an inferiority complex (自卑感), which his mother knew could __20__ him from achieving his real potential. She __31__ that Dale join the debating team, believing that __32__ in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.
Dale took his mother's advice, tried desperately and after several attempts __33__ made it. This proved to be a __34__ point in his life. Speaking before groups did help him gain the __35__ he needed. By the time Dale was a senior, he had won every top honor in __36__. Now other students were coming to him for coaching and they, _37__， were winning contests.
Out of this early struggle to __38__ his feelings of inferiority, Dale came to understand that the ability to __39__ an idea to an audience builds a person's confidence. And, __30__ it, Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to do—and so could others.
21．A.admitted B．filled C．supplied D．recognized
22．A.assignment B．education C．advantage D．instruction
23．A.training B．board C．teaching D．equipment
24．A.between B．during C．over D．through
25．A.while B．when C．because D．though
26．A.permits B．interest C.talent D．clothes
27．A.on B．for C．in D．with
28．A.light B．flexible C．optimistic D．outgoing
29．A.gaining B．achieving C．developing D．obtaining
30．A.prevent B．protect C．save D．free
31．A.suggested B．demanded C．required D．insisted
32．A.presence B．practice C．patience D．potential
33．A.hopefully B．certainly C．finally D．naturally
34．A.key B．breaking C．basic D．turning
35．A.progress B．experience C．competence D．confidence
36．A.horse?riding B．football C．speech D．farming
37．A.in return B．in brief C．in turn D．in fact
38．A.convey B．overcome C．understand D．build
39．A.express B．stress C．contribute D．repeat
40．A.besides B．beyond C．like D．with
第二节：(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Gary：Are you busy tomorrow night? I' m going over to the Workers Club for volleyball, would you like __41__(come)along?
Maisie: Isn't that far away?
Gary：Not really. If you take __42__ No. 3 bus, you can get there in fifteen minutes. And if volleyball doesn't interest you, they've got a huge indoor swimming pool, a weights room, __43__ indoor tracks. It's a great place to meet people.
Maisie：Now that you mention it，__44__would be nice to get away from the computer center for a change, and I really should get some more exercise. __45__(work) up a sweat in a ball game or the weights room would be nice. I've got much __46__(fat)．
Gary: Look at me __47__then you know you're not the only one. In high school I had a lot more time to do sports. Now whatever little spare time you have must __48__(use) in doing exercise. At least the club is open__49__12 pm.
Maisie：I guess it's worth a visit. Did you say you're going tomorrow night?
Gary：Yeah.
Maisie: OK, I will come, too. How about meeting me in __40__of the cinema at eight, and we'll catch the bus there.
Gary：Sure, see you then.
第三部分：写作(满分35分)
第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号∧，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线\划掉。
修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
John, a heavy smoker, once feel bad-tempered. His hands started shaking and he coughed a lot, so he turned to his doctor for help. “Quit smoking,” the doctor advised. Find the advice sensible from several points, such as money, healthy, and cleanliness, John decided to give up smoking. However, for several hour without a cigarette, John was nervous and had a difficulty in concentrating, inability to sleep, what made him more hungry for a cigarette. He said to himself, “One more, I will quit it tomorrow. Tomorrow will be a suitable day of me to break away from the bad habit…” Then he picked up a cigarette which made her relaxed. Again and again John made up his mind to do it “tomorrow”. Today John is still addicted for smoking.
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华，昨天学校为你们举办了十八岁成人仪式。请根据下列要点给你在美国的笔友发一封电子邮件，描述仪式过程并简述你的感受。
1．成人宣誓；
2．感谢家长和老师的教育和培养；
3．老师赠送贺卡；
4．学生表演节目。
注意：
1．邮件必须包括以上要点，可以适当发挥；
2．词数：100左右。
参考词汇：宣誓make an oath
Dear Tom，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
答案和解析
第一部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
1.A 【解析】主旨大意题。通过快速阅读文章不难看出文章的写作基调是幽默而充满爱的。
2.B 【解析】推理判断题。答案在关键词but之后，but之前讲的是boys的长处，而but之后作者笔锋一转，显然是说男孩的弱点。
3.D【解析】细节理解题。从文章倒数第三段内容可知答案。
4.C 【解析】主旨大意题。本题易误选B。如果不知道be fed up with＝be tired of，是“讨厌”的意思，就很难排除B选项。从文章的最后一段中A boy is a magical creature及其后面的解释就能看出作者对男孩那种“顽皮劲”、“淘气劲”感到吃惊。
5.D【解析】细节理解题。由第一段中的However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them可知他能演奏他听过的乐曲，故选D。
6.B 【解析】细节理解题。由第二段最后两句 “Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. 可知他原本想要当律师而不是音乐家，故选B项。
7.B【解析】推理判断题。由第四段最后一句话，Samuel says confidently, “It's all about super memory—I guess I have that gift.”可以看出Samuel以拥有超强的记忆力而骄傲。故选B项。
8.B【解析】主旨大意题。每段都有Samuel，全文都是说有音乐天才的Samuel的故事，故选B项。
9.C【解析】细节理解题。由文章第二段可知，当这只海豚在2005年12月刚到海洋公园时，“she was fighting for her life”，它的训练员说“Is she going to make it？”，由此我们知道，刚开始，它的训练员担心它能不能活下来，故正确答案为C项。
10.C【解析】推理判断题。由文章第三段可知，海豚Grace形成了它自己的游泳方式。由第五段内容可知，给海豚戴上人造尾巴的目的不是为了舒服，而是为了保持动作，锻炼肌肉，也就是它带着人造尾巴的目的是调整游泳方式，故C项正确。
11.D【解析】推理判断题。A项表示“坚持梦想”；B项表示“友好地对待动物”；C项表示“珍惜拥有”；D项表示“要勇敢面对困难”。由文章内容可知，尽管海豚Grace没有了尾巴，但是它克服困难，以另外一种方式游泳，最后还提到，它要拍电影给人们带来鼓励，由此我们知道，我们要勇敢地面对困难，故D项为正确答案。
12.A【解析】细节理解题。由第三段的But my classmates gave me the nickname Einstein，so presumably they saw signs of something better.可知绰号“爱因斯坦”是同学给起的，但并不意味着他就是第二个爱因斯坦。故A项不符合文意。
13.C【解析】细节理解题。由第二段最后一句．..only the diagnosis that he might die young from motor neurone disease made him concentrate on his work.可知，是“运动神经元疾病”促使他有所作为。故选C项。
14.B【解析】段落大意题。由最后一段，特别是信息句He said，“When you are faced with the possibility of an early death，it makes you realize that life is worth living and there are lots of things you want to do.”可知，他有可能要面对英年早逝的不幸事实。故选B项。
15.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后霍金的话可知，尽管老师不看好他，同学们仍给他“爱因斯坦”的绰号，他们从他身上看到好的一面。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
16－20 DCGFE
第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节；满分45分)
第一节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
21.D【解析】由上文提到他找到了一种满足全世界的人的需要的办法，因此，首先应该意识到需要。故选D项，recognize“认出，意识到”。“早在1906年他上初中时，他第一次意识到那是一种需要”。而admit“承认”；fill“填满，满足”；supply“供应”，皆不合题意。
22.B【解析】由下文可知，他努力克服困难受教育，故选B项。assignment“作业，任务”；advantage“长处，好处”；instruction“指导，指示，教导”，皆不合题意。
23.B【解析】由下文“戴尔不得不骑马12英里去上课”，可知是父亲支付不起大学的膳食费。board“伙食，膳食”，符合题意。而“培训”、“教学”、“仪器费”不是骑马就能解决的，故可排除。
24.A【解析】“学习不得不在他做农活的间隙里进行”，between“在……之间”，符合题意。during，over，through“在……期间”，指伴随着同时进行，那是不恰当的，不能一边做农活一边学习。
25.C【解析】“他退出学校的许多活动”与“他没有时间”之间是因果关系，故选C项。
26.D【解析】由下文“他只有一身好衣服”可知他没有参加活动的衣服，故选D项。
27.B【解析】由下文“教练拒绝了他”可知他努力参加足球队，故选B项，try for“争取参加，努力谋求”。
28.A【解析】light“轻的”；flexible“灵活的”；optimistic“乐观的”；outgoing“外向的”。对比四个选项，足球教练拒绝他只能是因为“他太轻了”。故选A项。
29.C【解析】他慢慢产生了自卑感。develop“形成，产生，发展”，符合题意。gain, achieve, obtain都是“获得”的意思，不合题意。
30.A【解析】which引导定语从句，修饰先行词an inferiority complex (自卑感)。他妈妈知道自卑感会阻止他获得真正的潜能。prevent sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”，故选A项。其他项，尽管动词搭配正确，但与上下文意思不符。
31.A【解析】由下文Dale took his mother's advice，可知是“妈妈建议他参见学校辩论队。”，故选A项。
32.B【解析】由下文的tried desperately他拼命努力，可知“他妈妈相信演讲方面的练习会让他得到他需要的自信和认可”，故选B项。presence“出席，到场”；potential“潜力，潜能”，皆不合题意。
33.C【解析】几次尝试之后，他最终成功了。由after可知，在此陈述事情发展的顺序，故选C项。
34.D【解析】这是他人生的转折点。a turning point“转折点，拐点”。
35.D【解析】由上文believing that __52__ in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.可知，在人群之前演讲的确帮他获得了他需要的自信，故选D项。
36.C【解析】由上文所介绍的发展趋势可知，“到他上高中时，他已获得了演讲方面的所有顶级荣誉”，故选C项。
37.C【解析】现在，其他的学生来请求他的指导，他们依次也赢得了竞赛。in turn“轮流，依次，反过来”，符合题意。in return“作为回报，作为报答”；in brief“简单说来”；in fact“事实上”；皆不合题意。
38.B【解析】由上文可知，他努力克服自卑感，overcome“克服，符合题意”。convey“传达，表达”；understand“明白，理解”；build“建立，树立”；皆不合题意。
39.A【解析】把想法表达给听众的能力(即演讲)建立了人的自信。express“表达”，符合题意。而stress“强调”；contribute“贡献”；repeat“重复”；皆不合题意。
40.D【解析】有了自信，他能做他想要做的任何事情。with“有，带着”；符合题意。
第二节：(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
41. to come【解析】 考查非谓语动词。would like to do sth.表示愿意做某事。
42. the【解析】考查冠词。特指3路公交车。
43. and【解析】考查连词。列举几个并列的名词用and。
44. it【解析】考查代词。it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。
45. Working【解析】考查非谓语动词。Working up a sweat in a ball game or the weights room在句中作主语，此处表示客观的情况，所以用动词?ing形式。
46. fatter【解析】考查比较级。根据空前面的much可知，此处用比较级。
47. and【解析】考查并列连词。上下为顺承关系，故用and。
48. be used【解析】考查语态。句子的主语是whatever little spare time you have，和动词use之间是被动关系，根据空前面的must可知，此处填be used。句意：无论你有多么少的业余时间都应用在锻炼上。
49. until【解析】考查连词。句意：至少俱乐部一直开到晚上12点。
50. front【解析】考查固定搭配。in front of“在……前面”。
第三部分：写作(满分35分)
第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
1.将feel改为felt。
【解析】考查时态。此文用一般过去时态描述，故将feel改为felt。
2.将Find改为Finding。
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处不是句子，故用非谓语动词，逻辑主语是John，两者间是主动关系，故将Find改为Finding。
3.将healthy改为health。
【解析】考查名词和形容词的转换。此处应用名词，故将healthy改为health。
4.将hour改为hours。
【解析】考查名词单复数。前面有seversl，故将hour改为hours。
5.将have a difficulty的a去掉。
【解析】考查冠词。此处为固定搭配have difficulty in doing：做某事有困难。故去掉a。
6.将what改为which
【解析】考查关系代词。此处为非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，故用which。
7.在I前加and。
【解析】考查连接词。此处为固定句型：祈使句/名词（短语）+and/but/or/……+主句，前后部分之间是承接关系，故加一个and。
8.将of改为for。
【解析】考查介词。此处意为对我来说，故用for。
9.将her改为him。
【解析】 考查代词。此处是指John，男的，故用him。
10.将for改为to。
【解析】考查介词。addicted to是固定搭配，故改为to。
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
参考范文：
Dear_Tom，
It is great to receive your email. Now I'd like to tell you something that took place in my school yesterday. In the afternoon we held a growing?up ceremony for our coming 18?year?old birthday. At first we made an oath that as grown?ups we should have a sense of duty for our society from now on. Then we showed our thanks to our parents who had gone through hardships to bring us up and teachers who have educated us patiently. And our teachers also gave us cards expressing their good wishes to us. Finally we put on wonderful performances, singing and dancing. We learned a lot from the activity. I think it's very important for us. I will remember the day in my life.
Best wishes.
Yours，
Li_Hua
