Unit 4 Making the news
培优练习
第一部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的4个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
London's newest skyscraper (摩天大楼) is called the Shard and it cost about 430 million pounds to build. At a height of almost 310 metres, it is the tallest building in Europe. The Shard has completely changed the appearance of London. However, not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better.
The Shard was designed by the famous Italian architect Renzo Piano. When he began designing the Shard for London, Piano wanted a very tall building that looked like a spire (尖顶). He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect the sky and the city. The sides of the building aren't regular. So the building has an unusual shape. It looks like a very thin, sharp piece of broken glass. And that is how the building got the name: the Shard. Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition. The shape reminds him of the spires of the churches of London or the tall masts (桅杆) of the ships that were once on the river Thames.
The Shard has 87 floors. At the top, there is an observatory. At the moment the building is empty, but eventually there will be a five?star hotel. There will also be top quality restaurants, apartments and offices.
Before building work began, a lot of people didn't want the Shard though the plans were approved. Now they are still unhappy about the Shard. Some critics say that such a tall skyscraper might be good in a city like New York, but not in London. They say that the best thing about the Shard is its spire shape. But that is the only thing. There is no decoration, only flat surfaces. The Egyptians did that 4,500 years ago. They also think the Shard is too big for London. It destroys the beauty of the city.
Other critics don't like what the Shard seems to represent. They say that the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal. Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel. But the people who live near the Shard are among the poorest in London. So the Shard seems a symbol of the division in society between the very rich and the poor.
The Shard now dominates the London skyline. It is not certain, however, that ordinary London citizens will ever accept it as a valuable addition to the city.
1．London's newest skyscraper is called the Shard because of ________.
A．its cost B．its size
C．its shape D．its height
2．When he designed the Shard, Piano wanted it to ________.
A．change London's skyline B．inherit London's tradition
C．imitate the Egyptian style D．attract potential visitors
3．The critics who refer to social division think the Shard ________.
A．is only preferred by the rich
B．is intended for wealthy people
C．is far away from the poor area
D．is popular only with Londoners
4．Which would be the best title for the passage?
A．The Shard: Cheers and Claps
B．The Shard: Work of a Great Architect
C．The Shard: New Symbol of London?
D．The Shard: A Change for the Better?
B
A MENTORING (导师制) program is giving life changing opportunities to Banbury youth.
Young Inspirations was founded two years ago to provide mentoring sessions for students and unemployed young adults aged 11 to 21.
Alex Goldberg, the program's founder, said: “We set up Young Inspirations because we wanted to give young people experiences which will potentially be life changing and broaden their outlook.
“We try to create work experience opportunities that will really make a difference to our youth. For example, we've secured internships (实习) with world?famous firms such as Honda.”
“At a time of funding cutbacks where schools are finding it more and more difficult to offer this kind of mentoring, it is extremely important that these opportunities are available both to help youth with their school work and grades and to give them opportunities which may help shape their futures.” Kieran Hepburn, 14, is one of a group of Banbury youth who has benefited from the program so far. In October the Banbury School pupil was accompanied by Young Inspirations staff to Paris where he was an observer at the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization's (UNESCO) International Youth Forum (论坛)．
The event was held for young people from around the world, to seek their views on how the future of youth and education should look. Kieran joined several hundred observers mostly in their 20s and was the only UK school pupil to attend the event. Kieran thinks the trip was a life changing experience. “Before we left I didn't quite know what to make of it but when we got there we didn't stop, it was amazing，” he said, “We went to three or four hours of debates each day and then did something cultural each afternoon.”
The main theme of the forum was how youth can drive change in political and public life. It dealt with issues (问题) such as drug abuse, violence and unemployment.
Kieran said: “It has really helped me to improve my confidence and social skills as well as my school grades and I was voted most improved pupil at school in August.”
The Young Inspirations mentoring sessions take place each Friday in Banbury. For details visit www.younginspirations.com.
5．The Young Inspirations mentoring program aims to ______.
A．train staff for world?famous firms
B．offer job opportunities to young adults
C．provide youth with unique experiences
D．equip the unemployed with different skills
6．According to the passage, the forum focused on how youth can ________.
A．build up their confidence at school
B．find work experience opportunities
C．improve their social skills for the future
D．play an active role in the change of society
7．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．the visit to the United Kingdom was amazing
B．Kieran has made great progress in many aspects
C．the youth have found a way to solve their problems
D．the mentoring sessions are held every day except Friday
8．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Alex Goldberg, Founder of Young Inspirations
B．Young People Find a World of Opportunity
C．Kieran, Banbury School Pupil to Paris
D．Debates Help Youth with Their Grades
C
Michelle Kwan was born on July 7, 1980, in Torrance, California. The daughter of Hong Kong immigrants (移民), Kwan watched her older brother play ice hockey as a kid. She began skating when she was five, and entered and won her first figure skating competition at seven. She won the world title in the 1994 World Championships at the age of 13, and earned a spot as an alternate (候补者) for the 1994 Olympic Games. Kwan went on to capture the world title in 1996, 1998, 2000, 2001 and 2003.
At the Nagano Winter Olympics in 1998, Kwan was believed to win gold, but ended up with a disappointing silver medal when fellow US skater Tara Lipinski surprisingly took first place. Shortly before the Salt Lake City Winter Olympics in 2002, Kwan, who was then the reigning world champ, surprisingly fired both her choreographer (编舞者), Lori Nichol, and longtime coach, Frank Carroll. Once again, she failed to get the gold medal when she finished third behind Irina Slutskaya of Russia and US skater Sarah Hughes, who took first.
As a student at the University of California at Los Angeles, Kwan has continued to compete since her defeat (战败) in Salt Lake City. In February 2006, she was unable to take part in the Olympic Games in Torino, Italy because of a serious injury. Though Michelle Kwan did not compete during the 2006－2007 figure skating season, she has turned down an offer to work for NBC Sports and says she is not retiring.
9．The underlined word “capture” in the first paragraph means “________”．
A．enter B．win
C．learn D．find
10．What happened to Michelle Kwan in 2002?
A．Her coach didn't want to train her any longer.
B．She went to study at the University of California.
C．She failed to take part in the Olympic Games in Torino, Italy.
11．Which of the following may NOT be a world champ?
A．Lori Nichol. B．Michelle Kwan.
C．Tara Lipinski. D．Sarah Hughes.
D
The first newspapers were written by hand and put up on walls in public places. The earliest daily newspaper was started in Rome in 59 BC. In the 700's the world's first printed newspaper was published. Europe didn't have a regularly published newspaper until 1609, when one was started in Germany.
The first regularly published newspaper in the English language was printed in Amsterdam in 1620. In 1621, an English newspaper was started in London and was published once a week. The first daily English newspaper was The Daily Courant (《每日新闻》). It came out in March, 1702.
In 1690，Benjamin Harris printed the first American newspaper in Boston. But not long after it was first published, the government stopped the paper. In 1704, John Campbell started The Boston Newsletter (《波士顿新闻通讯》), the first newspaper published in the American colonies. By 1760, the colonies had more than thirty daily newspapers. There are now about 1,800 daily papers in the United States.
Today, as a group, English language newspapers have the largest circulation (发行量) in the world. But the largest circulation for a newspaper is that of the Japanese newspaper Asahi Dhimbun (《朝日新闻》). It sells more than 11 million copies every day.
12．The first daily newspaper came out in ________.
A．59 BC B．700's C．1609 D．1620
13．The first printed newspaper in America came out in ______.
A．Washington B．New York C．Boston D．New Orleans
14．Today there are about ________ daily papers printed in the United States.
A．1,621 B．1,704 C．1,760 D．1,800
15．Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A．The first regularly published newspaper in the English language was printed in Amsterdam.
B．English language newspaper sells more than 11 million copies every day.
C．Europe didn't have a regularly published newspaper in 1608.
D．The first daily English newspaper came out in March, 1702.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I know just how you feel
Do you feel sad? Happy? Angry? You may think that the way you show these emotions is unique. Well, think again. Even the expression of the most personal feelings can be classified, according to Mind Reading, a DVD exhibiting every possible human emotion.__16__
In the mid 1800s, Darwin divided the emotions into six types—anger, fear, sadness, disgust, surprise and enjoyment. More complex expressions of emotion were probably learned and therefore more specific to each culture. But now it is believed that many more facial expressions are shared worldwide.__17__The Mind Reading DVD is a systematic visual record of these expressions.
The project was designed by a Cambridge professor. His research team first had to define an “emotion”．__18__Using this definition, 412 emotion terms were identified and discussed, from “afraid” to “wanting”．
Then each expression is acted out by six different actors. “It was really clear when the actors had got it right，” says Cathy Collis, who directed the DVD. “Although they were given some direction, the actors were not told which facial muscles they should move.__19__”
Someone who has tried to set such rules is the American, Professor Paul Ekman, who built database of how the face moves for every emotion. The face can make 43 distinct muscle movements. Ekman has also found that it may not be possible for people to reproduce them artificially. The most difficult expression to reproduce is the smile. It isn't only about stretching the lips, but tightening the tiny muscles around the eye. __20__If we learnt to recognize whether someone was using their eye muscle when they smiled, we would be able to distinguish true enjoyment from false.
A. It shows 412 distinct ways we feel.
B. These can be combined into more than 10,000 facial shapes.
C. These particular muscles are difficult to control, and few people can do it.
D. They decided that it was a mental state that could be introduced by “I feel” or “he looks ” or “she sounds”.
E. He said the expression of these feelings was universal and recognizable by anyone, from any culture.
F. It is as if they are programmed into the brains of “normal humans” wherever they are and whatever their races.
G. We thought of trying to describe each emotion, but it would have been almost impossible to make clear rules for this.
第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节；满分45分)
第一节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)，选出最佳选项。
I had worried myself sick over Simon's mother coming to see me.I was a new __21__， and I gave an honest account of the students' work. In Simon's case, the grades were awfully low. He couldn't read his own handwriting.__22__ he was a bright student. He discussed adult subjects with nearly adult comprehension. His work in no way reflected his __23__.
So when Simon's mother entered the room, my palms(手掌心) were sweating. I was completely __24__ for her kisses on both my cheeks. “I came to thank you，” she said, surprising me beyond speech.__25__ me, Simon had become a different person. He talked of how he __26__ me, he had begun to make friends, and for the first time in his twelve years, he had __27__ spent an afternoon at a friend's house. She wanted to tell me how grateful she was for the __28__ I had nurtured(培养) in her son. She kissed me again and left.
I sat, stunned (惊呆), for about half an hour，__29__ what had just happened. How did I make such a life?changing difference to that boy without __30__ knowing it? What I finally came to __31__ was one day, several months before, when some students were __32__ reports in the front of the class. Jeanne spoke __33__， and to encourage her to raise her voice, I had said, “Speak up. Simon's the expert on this. He is the __34__ one you have to convince, and he can't hear you in the __35__ of the room.” That was it. From that day on, Simon had sat up straighter, paid more attention, __36__ more, and became happy. And it was all because he __37__ to be the last kid in the last row. The boy who most needed __38__ was the one who took the last seat that day.
It taught me the most __39__ lesson over the years of my teaching career, and I'm thankful that it came __40__ and positively. A small kindness can indeed make a difference.
21. A.cleaner B．reporter C．monitor D．teacher
22. A.Or B．And C．But D．So
23. A.courage B．abilities C．feelings D．dream
24. A.desperate B．responsible C．unprepared D．unsuitable
25. A.Because of B．In spite of C．Apart from D．As for
26. A.loved B．envied C．pleased D．criticized
27. A.gradually B．constantly C．recently D．obviously
28. A.self?respect B．self?doubt C．self?pity D．self?defense
29. A.imagining B．observing C．wondering D．regretting
30. A.also B．even C．always D．still
31. A.expect B．remember C．believe D．accept
32. A.writing B．reviewing C．editing D．giving
33. A.quietly B．repeatedly C．quickly D．firmly
34. A.lucky B．lonely C．only D．likely
35. A.entrance B．middle C．front D．back
36. A.slept B．smiled C．shouted D．quarreled
37. A.intended B．pretended C．refused D．happened
38. A.change B．praise C．thanks D．visits
39. A.difficult B．painful C．valuable D．enjoyable
40. A.early B．slowly C．frequently D．occasionally
第二节：(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
“If you're talking to me in a noisy restaurant and my nerve system is good at locking onto the sound of your voice, I__41__understand what you say better.”
The research at Northwestern University shows that __42__(play) a musical instrument is good for your brain. And the brain remembers how to “lock onto” the important sounds, __43__ , our ears may not work as well as we age, and that helps us to hear better.
A scientist, living in France twenty years ago，__44__(write) about what he called the “Mozart Effect”．He said that__45__could be helpful to the brain when listening to the classical music of Mozart. Some researchers said that Mozart's music would make you much__46__(smart), or even have some health disorders __47__(cure). Others said that there was nothing special about Mozart's music. Any kind of high energy music would work. So if the cost of a musical instrument or music lessons is too costly, can we get__48__same brain experience just by listening?
Usually people have teachers, or they can teach themselves music.__49__， the point is that they're actively playing a musical instrument and engaging in making music instead__40__listening to music passively.
第三部分：写作(满分35分)
第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)。并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(﹨)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不记分。
I have always quite irrationally(无理性地)proud myself on my good health，for I only occasionally had to take a day off the work when I have had a cold. So I was quite offended(使不舒服)by my doctor，whom thought me fat. When we ran to each other in the street the other day, taking one look at me and told me that I was definitely fat and that I did not make effort to lose some weight, I could expect to have a heart attack before long. He added that，as many middle?aged man, I led an inactive life.It was true that I had been getting fatter, so it was because I was getting older.
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
假设你是李华，英国一所友好学校准备与你们学校共同创办一份中学生英文报纸，Mr Smith来信询问，并请你回信，要求如下：
1．表示赞成。
2．提出你喜欢的栏目。
3．简要说明理由。
注意：
1．词数100左右。
2．信的开头和结尾已为你写好。
3．适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
4．参考词汇 栏目 column
Dear Mr.Smith，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully，
Li Hua
答案和解析
第一部分：阅读理解
本文介绍了伦敦最新的摩天大楼——碎片。介绍了其设计理念，未来用途以及批评家们对它提出的批判。
1. C【解析】细节理解题。由文章第二段信息So the building has an unusual shape. It looks like a very thin, sharp piece of broken glass. And that is how the building got the name: the Shard.可知，伦敦最新的摩天大楼因此形状(shape)而得名Shard，故C项正确。
2. B【解析】细节理解题。由文章第二段信息Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition. The shape reminds him of the spires of the churches of London or the tall masts (桅杆) of the ships that were once on the river Thames.可知，碎片这种尖顶的形状是伦敦传统的很重要的一部分，这个形状使他想起伦敦教堂的尖顶，或者是泰晤士河上船的高高的桅杆，即：这样设计的目的会是为了继承伦敦的传统，故B项正确。
3. B【解析】推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段内容可知，另外的批评家说碎片表明了伦敦正变得更加不平等，因为只有富人才能买得起昂贵得私人公寓和待在这样的5星级旅馆里。碎片就是贫富分化的标志，由此推知B项正确。
4. D【解析】本文主要介绍了伦敦最新的摩天大楼——碎片，它的设计初衷，以及批评家提出的一些观点。特别是文章第一段的最后一句话However, not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better.给了很好的提示，故D项正确。
文章大意：一种指导体系的建立与实施，让年轻人有了随着社会的变化而发挥作用的机会。
5. C【解析】细节理解题。由第四段We try to create work experience opportunities that will really make a difference to our youth可知答案。
6. D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段The main theme...and unemployment.可知答案。
7. B【解析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段It has really helped me...in August.可知答案。
8. B【解析】标题概括题。根据全文的解说尤其是首尾两段可知本文讲得是一种指导体系的建立，为年轻人提供了好机会。
9. B【解析】词义猜测题。根据第一段的She won the world title in the 1994 World Championships... Kwan went on to... 可知这里是指她继续赢得世界冠军的头衔。
10. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的Once again, she failed to get the gold medal...可知她在2002年的冬奥会上再一次与奥运金牌失之交臂。
11. A【解析】推理判断题。根据surprisingly fired both her choreographer, Lori Nichol可知Lori Nichol只是一个编舞者，而Michelle Kwan、Tara Lipinski、Sarah Hughes都获得过世界冠军。
12. A【解析】事实细节题。从第一段第二句可知答案应选A。
13. C【解析】事实细节题。从第三段第一句可知答案应选C。
14. D【解析】事实细节题。从第三段最后一句可知答案应选D。
15. B【解析】推理判断题。从最后一段的最后两句可知，日本的《朝日新闻》每日的销售量多于一千一百万份，故B项是错误的。
16—20 AFDGC
第二部分：英语知识运用
文章大意：本文是夹叙夹议的文章。因为无意中自己的一句表扬的话语竟然改变了一个孩子，所以请不要吝啬你的鼓励的语言。
21. D【解析】由空后的I gave an honest amount of the students' work可知，我是老师，故D项正确。
22. C【解析】空前指“他的书写自己都读不出来”，而空后则说“他是个聪明的学生”，前后是转折关系，要用并列连词but连接并列句，故C项正确。
23. B【解析】上一句提到他几乎是用成年人的理解来讨论成年人的话题，所以，他的作业反映不出的应该是他的能力，故ability(能力)符合语境，B项正确。
24. C【解析】上一句提到当西蒙的妈妈进入房间时，我的手掌出汗了。她亲吻我的两颊，是我意想不到的事情，也就是我完全没有做好准备。desperate“绝望的，不顾一切的”；responsible“负责任的”；unprepared“没做好准备的”；unsuitable“不合适的”。由语境可知C项正确。
25. A【解析】上一句提到西蒙妈妈的话让我哑口无言。因为我，西蒙才变成了一个不同的人。because of“因为”；in spite of“尽管”；apart from“除……之外(还)”；as for“关于，至于”。由语境可知A项正确。
26. A【解析】由前后语境可知，西蒙对妈妈说的是喜欢(love)我而非envy(妒忌)，please(使满足)，criticize(批评)，故A项正确。
27. C【解析】由语境可知，此处表示第一次在他人生的前12年里，他近来在朋友家里呆了一下午。gradually“逐渐地”；constantly “经常地”；recently“近来，最近”；obviously“显而易见地”。由语境可知C项正确。
28. A【解析】由前后语境可知，西蒙妈妈感激我的是我培养了孩子的自尊(self?respect)而不是self?doubt(自我怀疑)，self?pity(自怜)，self?defense(自卫)，故 A项正确。
29. C【解析】由前后语境可知，我没想到西蒙的妈妈会来，她说的话也是我意想不到的，因此，我惊呆了，接近半个小时的时间在疑惑到底发生了什么事。imagine“想象”；observe“观测”；wonder“疑惑，想知道”；regret“遗憾，后悔”。由语境可知C项正确。
30. B【解析】前面西蒙的妈妈提到，我改变了西蒙，此处指“我对西蒙的改变起了这么大的作用，我甚至不知道”。even“甚至”，表示递进符合语境，故B项正确。
31. B【解析】后面提到的某一天发生的事情应该是我记起来的，故remember正确。expect“期望，预料”；believe“相信”；accept“接受”，均不合语境，故B项正确。
32. D【解析】由语境可知，学生们在全班同学面前作报告。give reports“作报告”，为固定搭配，故D项正确。其他三项write“写”；review“复习”；edit“编辑”，均不合语境。
33. A【解析】由空后的speak up(大声说出来)可知，詹妮是在轻轻地说话，故A项正确。repeatedly“重复地”；quickly“迅速地”；firmly“坚定地”，均不合语境。
34. C【解析】前一句提到，西蒙是这方面的专家，你只要让他信服就好了；也就是说，他是唯一一个你得使其信服的人，故选only，而非lucky“幸运的”，lonely“孤独的”与likely“可能的”。
35. D【解析】前面提到，詹妮说话声音小，自然是坐在教室后面的同学听不见，故D项back符合语境。
36. B【解析】这就是西蒙变化的转折点。他坐得更直了，注意力更集中了，微笑多了，变得快乐了。与 sit up straighter, pay more attention，become happy并列的只能是smile，而非sleep(睡觉)，shout(大声喊), quarrel(吵架)，故B项正确。
37. D【解析】前面提到，我让詹妮说话大点声，因为坐在后面的同学听不见，而恰好西蒙就是在最后一排的最后一名同学。happen to be“碰巧是”，符合语境。
38. B【解析】由前面的语境可知，就是无意当中的一句表扬的话竟然改变了一个孩子。也就是说，那天最需要表扬的孩子就是坐在最后排的那个。故B项正确。
39. C【解析】前面那个故事使我学到了我多年教学生涯的一个很有价值的经验教训。difficult“困难的”；painful“痛苦的”；valuable“有价值的”；enjoyable“令人愉快的”。由语境可知，这件事情让我受益颇多，自然是有价值的，故C项正确。
40. A【解析】由语境可知，西蒙的改变还不算晚，并且是朝着好的方面改变，因为这样我很感激。我无意当中的一句表扬的话语对西蒙的生活产生了如此巨大的影响。
41. can【解析】考查情态动词。句意：我能更好地理解你所说的。
42. playing【解析】考查动名词。此处为动名词作主语。
43. although/though【解析】考查连词。句意：尽管随着年龄的增长，我们的耳朵工作不是那么好。
44. wrote【解析】考查时态。根据时间状语twenty years ago可知，用一般过去时。
45. it【解析】考查代词。指代前面的the“Mozart Effect”。
46. smarter【解析】考查比较级。句意：……莫扎特的音乐能使你更聪明。
47. cured【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：甚至会让一些健康问题得到治愈。have sth.done请或让别人做某事，用过去分词作宾语补足语。
48. the【解析】考查冠词。same前必须与the连用。
49. However【解析】考查副词。前后内容表示语意上的转折，且有逗号与句子其他内容隔开，故用however。
50. of【解析】考查介词。instead of“代替，而不是”。
第三部分：写作
第一节：短文改错
I have always quite irrationally(无理性地) myself on my good health，for I only occasionally to take a day off the work when I have had a cold. So I was quite offended(使不舒服)by my doctor， thought me fat. When we ran to each other in the street the other day, one look at me and told me that I was definitely fat and that I did not make effort to lose some weight, I could expect to have a heart attack before long. He added that， many middle?aged ， I led an inactive life.It was true that I had been getting fatter, it was because I was getting older.
第二节：书面表达
参考范文：
Dear Mr.Smith，
I am very excited to learn that you are going to start a newspaper together with us.It is indeed a wonderful idea and everyone hopes for its success.
I would like the newspaper to have three columns：News，Teachers' Advice and Students' Voice.From the News column we can learn about what is going on in both of our schools.In Teachers' Advice，our teachers can give us such help as we may not be able to get in the classroom.Students' Voice will allow us to freely express our thoughts and feelings about our lives and studies.
I believe that this newspaper will surely strengthen our ties，and I am looking forward to reading it.
Yours faithfull
Li Hua
Unit 4 Making the news
基础练习
Ⅰ．单词拼写（须用本单元的单词和词汇）
1. After graduation he took an o______________as a teacher in the city.
2. The a______________offered by the manager is difficult for him to finish.
3. An expert is a man who is engaged in p______________ business.
4. All his c______________who work with him in the same factory are all ready to help others.
5. You should c_____________on your work when you study.
6. In the__________（案子） of Ma Haitao， he was treated unfairly.
7. We also can a__________________knowledge during playing.
8. He hit me on the head with a ball d_____________which made me very angry.
9. He felt g________________after he stole some money from the old couple.
10. His________________（简练） introduction of the product got great interest of the people.
11. He worked as a e________________in that newspaper.
12. She graduated from English d__________________of Beijing University.
13. Don’t just say almost，nearly…… ，what we need is a____________number.
14. My shoes are so dirty that they need to be P______________.
15. I can't understand your meaning， can you give me a little h____________.
16. Before marrying，they always made an a ___________ in that park.
17. If I've hurt your feelings， it was quite without_______________（有意）。
18. Her father will never a_____________（同意）of her marriage to you.
19. I don't want a _______________（否定的）answer to my question.
20. In harvest time， he has to______________（雇佣）more people to work for him.
21. A p_____________is a type of job that required advanced education or training.
22. If you have an a__________with someone， you have arranged to see them at a particular time， usually in connection with their work.
23. An i___________that you have is an idea or plan of what you are going to do.
24. Your o______________________is your job.
25. Industrial development is being_______________（集中）in the west of China.
26. He had to rewrite his essay， because his teacher said it needed some? ____________（润饰） in language. ?
27. The little boy cried_____________（故意地）to draw his mother's attention.
28. An __________（精确的）instrument is able to give you information that is correct to a detailed level.
29. Some smoking and alcoholic drinks are an _________ （获得的）taste and are not in born.
30. The busy mother feels really _________（内疚的）at forgetting her daughter's birthday again.
Ⅱ．短语翻译
1. 全神贯注于______________ 2. 因……指责或控告______________
3. 为了（做……）____________ 4. 填（表）___________________??????
5. 依靠；依赖_________________ 6.?传递______________________
7. 开始工作__________________ 8. 最终；最后________________
9. 从事于____________________ 10. 被用在……上（中）______________
Ⅲ．完成句子
1. We should_____________（保卫） ourselves against the coming flood.
2. They found that cave__________________（意外地）。
3. It’s necessary for young people to receive_________? _________（正规教育）
4. They are all________? ____________that idea（反对）。
5. You should concentrate yourselves on the class and avoid ________? ________.
6. 消费者利益保护委员会的创立旨在保护顾客的权益，使其免受奸商的欺诈。
The Consumer Council exists to__________ the customers' right and interests ___________ unscrupulous traders.
7. 那个著名的教授被指控偷取学生的理念并将它们发表。
The famous professor has been __________? _________ stealing his student's ideas and publishing them.
8. 政府今年所做的事情对所有的广州市民都很有利。
??? What the government has done this year will be of________? _______ all the citizens living in Guangzhou.
?9. 经理决定今年冬天公司的全体员工去安徽的黄山游玩。
??? The manager has decided all the _______ of the company will go on a ________ to the Yellow Mountain in Anhui province this winter.
?10. 那个女记者冒着生命的危险为凤凰卫视报道了伊拉克的情况。
??? The woman reporter ________? _______? _______ to cover the situation in Iraq for Phoenix TV.
11. 如果你想开一家餐馆，最好向Mary请教，她对这行的诀窍很清楚。
If you want to open a restaurant， you should ask Mary's advice. She knows all the __________of the trade.
12. 我看到报纸上说失业情况有所改善，但事实上完全弄错了——失业率仍在上升。
??? I read in the newspaper that the____________figures had improved but it has got hold of the wrong end of the stick——unemployment is still ___________.
13. 人类都有这样的一个天性，就是不到失去的时候都不懂得珍惜自己所拥有的东西。
Such is human nature that many people don't _______ the things they process until they have lost them.
14. 他们刚赶到机场飞机就起飞了。
??? ___________ had they got to the airport __________the plane took off.
15. 只有当你掌握了良好的语法知识的时候，你才能写出正确的文章。
??Only when you have acquired a good ________ of grammar can you write _______.
Ⅳ.单项填空
1. I don’t________of your sending your daughter to Britain to study，because she is too young.
A．agree B．approve C．support D．assess
2．—Are you________me of lying to the headmaster?
—I’m sure you did.
A．accusing B．scolding C．reminding D．telling
3．________read newspapers for pleasure，but also to improve their minds.
A．Not only old men B．Not only old men do
C．Not only do old men D．Old men not only do
4．I think Tom，________you，is to blame for the broken window.
A．other than B．rather than C．more than D．except for
5．With the________ of making a fortune，many people went to Australia in the 19th century to wash sand for gold.
A．task B．intention C．trade D．appointment
6．If we become more________in predicting earthquakes，we’ll reduce loss.
A．exactly B．correct C．accurate D．conscious
7．Of course，we must work hard.________，we should learn to take good care of ourselves.
A．Therefore B．In a word C．As a result D．Meanwhile
8．There is so much noise in the yard that I can’t ________ my attention on my work.
A．attract B．pay C．absorb D．concentrate
9．At last the boy had no choice but ________ the bread from the supermarket.
A．admit to have stolen B．admit having stolen
C．to admit to have stolen D．to admit having stolen
10．________with what the students had done，the teacher praised them highly.
A．Delight B．Delighting C．Delighted D．Being delighting
11．She must be looking forward as much to his return as he himself is to________her.
A．see B．have seen C．seeing D．be seeing
12．In such a fierce competition，a person has to make every effort if he________.
A．has succeeded B．is to succeed C．would succeed D．will succeed
13．At the conference，political leaders from many countries promised to work together to defend the world ________ terrorism and other threats.
A．for B．without C．beyond D．against
14．A large number of journalists from both home and abroad gathered in Beijing to________the 2008 Summer Olympic Games.
A．interview B．cover C．approve D．compete
15．—You________have finished your composition.
—I had meant to，but before I could，the bell rang and we had to hand in our test papers.
A．were supposed to B．were able to
C．had to D．were determined to
答案和解析
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1. occupation? 2. assignment? 3. professional? 4. colleague?
5. concentrate 6. case? 7. acquire? 8. deliberately? 9. guilty? 10. concise?
11. editor 12. department? 13. accurate? 14. polish? 15. hint? 16. appointment
17. intention 18. approve? 19. negative? 20. employ? 21. profession? 22. appointment
23. intention? 24. occupation? 25. concentrated? 26. polishing? 27. deliberately
28. accurate? 29. acquired? 30. guilty
Ⅱ．短语翻译
1. Concentrate …on?? 2. accuse…of? 3. so as to? 4. fill in? 5. depend on
?6. pass on? 7. set to work? 8. last of all? 9. work on? 10. be used on
Ⅲ．完成句子
1. defend? 2. by accident/chance? 3. normal education? 4. opposite? to
5. losing mind? 6. defend ； against? 7. accused of? 8.?? benefit to?
9. employees； visit? 10. risked her life 11. tricks? 12. unemloyment?
13. value 14. Hardly； when? 15. knowledge； correctly
Ⅳ. 单项填空
1．B【解析】考查动词辨析。根据空格后的of，可知选B。approve of同意；赞成。agree同意，赞成；support支持；assess评估，评定。
2．A【解析】句意为：你在指责我向校长撒谎吗？accuse sb.of (doing) sth.指责，控告某人(做)某事。scold sb.for sth.因……而指责某人；remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事；tell sb.of sth.告诉某人关于某事。
3．C【解析】考查倒装语序。以否定副词开头 (不修饰主语)的句子要用部分倒装语序。本题干句中Not only...分句，用部分倒装语序，所以C项正确。
4．B【解析】此题考查短语辨析。other than除……之外，通常用于否定句中；rather than而不是；more than (程度上)更强；更多；except for除……之外。结合语境应选B。
5．B【解析】intention企图，意图。
6．C【解析】句意表示更精确地预测地震。句中become是系动词，后需接形容词作表语，排除A项。B项“正确的”，D项“有意识的”，两项均不符合语境。
7．D【解析】 题意为：当然，我们要刻苦努力，但“同时 (meanwhile)”，我们要学会照顾好自己。
8．D【解析】根据前面的so much noise可知不能集中精力，故排除A。pay attention to 注意，be absorbed in “专注于”虽然意思上说得通，但是不能和on搭配，只有concentrate one’s attention on 适合。
9．D【解析】在do nothing but...结构以及can’t...but...(but前动词是do或help)结构中，but 后接省略to的动词不定式。如：She can’t do anything but ask silly questions.I can’t help but be sorry.而其他情况下but后的to一般不省略，如本题。
10．C【解析】delight的意思是“使……高兴”，与teacher之间存在着动宾关系，故用过去分词作原因状语。
11．C【解析】句意为：她盼望着他回来就如同他盼望着看到她一样。look forward to中的to为介词，跟动词时要用动名词形式。
12．B【解析】if条件句中可以用be to结构表示按事态发展，最终会……，或注定会……。句意为：在如此激烈的竞争下，一个人要想成功，就必须竭尽全力。
13．D【解析】defend...against...意为“防卫……以免于”。
14．B【解析】 cover在题中意为“报道”，符合语境。interview意为“采访；访问”，多用于interview sb.about sth.结构。
15．A【解析】be supposed to意为“应当”，与不定式完成时连用时表示“理应做过某事 (但可能没有做)”，有虚拟的含义。
Unit 4 Making the news
提高练习
Ⅰ. 用所给短语的适当形式填空
1. The police ______him ______drunk-driving and put him into prison.
2. I can’t ___________my work when I’m tired.[来源:Z。xx。k.Com]
3. Jane called her parents and ______them______ her time to go back home.
4. We are __________ you to finish the paper by Friday.
5. Please check the list carefully___________ avoid mistakes.
6. In my view, he ________news stories as a journalist and host.
7. The young man often ______his wife ______the housework.
8. She ___________ the news of her best friend’s wedding.
9. Many volunteers __________give more help to the local people since the earthquake happened.
10. Wendy __________forgetting her best friend’s birthday again.
Ⅱ. 将下列句子改为倒装句
1. He didn’t realize the importance of English until he began to work.
Not ________ he _______ to work ________ he realize the importance of English.
2.If you had told him the truth,he might have made some suggestions.
______you ______him the truth, he might have made some suggestions.
3. Jim had hardly entered the house when it began to rain.
________ ________ Jim entered the house when it began to rain.
4. The box could be opened only by using force.
________ by using force _______ the box be opened.
5. The earthquake was so serious that the UN sent medical supplies to the area.
________ _______ _______ the earthquake that the UN sent medical supplies to the area.
Ⅲ. 单项填空
从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. Next door to ours , who has just returned from abroad.
A. where lives an old man B. where does an old man live
C. lives an old man D. does an old man live
2. Sometimes we are busy and sometimes we are not. , you see.
A. Last of all B. That all depends
C. To tell the truth D. It all depends on
3. Not only interested in football but beginning to show an interest in it.
A. the teacher himself is; all his students are
B. the teacher himself is; are all his students
C. is the teacher himself; are all his students
D. is the teacher himself; all his students are
4. It is said that they were from the factories.
A. accused of taking money B. charged of taking money
C. charged by taking money D. accused by taking money
5. As you know, it is my duty to my younger sisters from being hurt when they are in danger.
A. prevent B. save C. stop D. protect
6. This book is said to be a special one which many events could not be found in other history books.
A. writes B. covers C. prints D. reads
7. Children need many things. , they need love.
A. After all B. First of all C. Last of all D. At last
8. I have searched for the book but couldn’t find it.
A. thoroughly B. deeply C. at ease D. comfortably
9. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, wanted to buy it.
A. none of them B. both of them
C. none of whom D. neither of whom
10. Tom kept quiet about the accident lose his job.
A. so not as to B. so as not to
C. so as to not D. not so as to
Ⅳ. 完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Years ago，if a teenager had some problems in his life，he might go home and write in his diary；now, a teenager with 1 problems might go onto the Internet and write about them in a blog（博客）. In many ways, a diary and a blog are very 2 . But what makes blogging different from writing in a（n） 3 diary?
The biggest difference is that a blog is much more 4 than a diary. Usually，a teenager treats his diary like a book full of 5 that he does not want to 6 with others.
It’s interesting that someone who writes in a blog 7 a diary will probably write nearly the same information. [来源:学#科#网]
I have a little sister, and sometimes I go online to read her 8 . She writes about things like waking up early for swimming practice and not studying enough for her chemistry test. 9 I was her age, I wrote about the same thing, but 10 in my dairy. Then, after I had finished writing, I would hide my diary in a secret place because I was 11 that my sister might read it.
The biggest 12 with blogging is that anyone can read what you write. If I was angry with a friend during high school and wrote something 13 about him in my diary, he would never know. 14 , if my sister ever wrote something bad about a friend, that friend might 15 her blog and get angry.
There are also 16 to blogging, of course. If I was feeling sad one day and wrote in my diary, “Nobody cares about me ...” Because no one would 17 about it. However, if my sister wrote the same sentence in her blog, her best friend would quickly 18 and tell her how much they 19 her. Blog help people 20 in contact with their friend and know what the people around them are doing.
1. A. the same B. interesting C. difficult D. daily
2. A. simple B. special C. similar D. different
3. A. personal B. ordinary C. meaningful D. traditional
4. A. attractive B. public C. exciting D. quick
5. A. thoughts B. puzzles C. ideas D. secrets
6. A. tell B. share[来源: ZC. publish D. solve
7. A. instead of B. as well as C. except for D. besides
8. A. blog B. diary C. report D. web
9. A. Although B. Since C. When D. Because
10. A. only B. already C. still D. never
11. A. angry B. sad C. glad D. worried
12. A. problem B. doubt C. question D. mistake
13. A. boring B. wrong C. bad D. funny
14. A. So B. However C. Therefore D. Then
15. A. steal B. break[来源:学 C. write D. read
16. A. reasons B. wishes C. shortcomings D. advantages
17. A. care B. know C. think D. ask
18. A. prepare B. begin C. respond D. feel
19. A. like B. miss C. need D. stand
20. A. lose B. stay C. leave D. find
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
College graduation brings both the satisfaction of academic achievement and the expectation of a well-paid job. But for 6,000 graduates at San Jose State this year, there’s uncertainty as they enter one of the worst job markets in decades. Ryan Stewart has a freshly?minted(新兴的) degree in religious studies, but no job prospects.
“You look at everybody’s parents and neighbours, and they’re getting laid off and don’t have jobs,” said Stewart. “Then you look at the young people just coming into the workforce... it’s just scary.”
When the class of 2003 entered college, the future never looked brighter. But in the four years they’ve been here, the world outside has changed dramatically.
“Those were the exciting times, lots of dot-com opportunities, exploding offers, students getting top dollar with lots of benefits,” said Cheryl Allmen-Vinnidge of the San Jose State Career Center. “Times have changed. It’s a new market.”
Cheryl Allmen-Vinnidge ought to know. She runs the San Jose State Career Center，sort of a crossroads between college and the real world. Allmen-innidge says students who do find jobs after college have done their homework.
“The typical graduate who does have a job offer started working on it two years ago. They’ve postured（定位）themselves well during the summer. They’ve had several internships(实习),” she said. And they’ve majored in one of the few fields that are still hot, like chemical engineering, accounting, or nursing, where average starting salaries have actually increased over last year. Other popular fields (like information systems management, computer science, and political science) have seen big declines in starting salaries.
Ryan Stewart (he had hoped to become a teacher) may just end up going back to school. “I’d like to teach college some day and that requires more schooling, which would be great in a bad economy,” he said.
To some students, a degree may not be a ticket to instant wealth. For now, they can only hope its value will increase over time.
1. The expression “dot-com” in the fourth paragraph probably means “ ”.
A. a well-known website B. jobs related to high-technology
C. a company making dots D. teaching on the Internet
2. What does Cheryl Allmen-Vinnidge mean when she says students have “done their homework”?
A. They have spent time preparing themselves to find a job.
B. They have gone to summer school for further studies.
C. They are good students who have finished their homework on time.
D. They have found full-time jobs as their future career before graduation.
3. The purpose of a college career center is probably to .
A. help students do their homework
B. find jobs for students while they are in school
C. prepare students to find jobs after they graduate
D. help high school students get accepted to college
4. Ryan Stewart is probably going to .
A. change his major B. become a religious leader
C. get a job teaching D. go back to school
5. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?
A. Having a college degree does not provide travel discounts.
B. A college degree doesn’t promise a person a high-paid job.
C. Most students with degrees will be able to find jobs.
D. The best way to get rich is to get a college degree.
Ⅵ.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Brown：When are you the happiest?
Angelia：I think I'm the happiest when I'm singing. I love singing so much.__1__I sing I feel free. How about you?
Brown：I'm the__2__(happy) when I play basketball. When I'm playing basketball I'rn not thinking about anything. When I__3__(play)basketball, everything is simple. What else do you love?
Angelia：I love my family, especially my grandmother who is so kind and always wants to help others. When I'm__4__(worry)she always tells me stories to make me laugh.
Brown：Yes, I also love my family very much. My parents make every__5__to make me happy.__6__，I will always love them and take care of them.
Angelia：What do you hate?
Brown：I hate wars and fighting. In history we learn about many wars, and__7__make me angry. I think people__8__be kind to each other and not fight with each other. What about you?
Angelia：I hate__9__(feel)sick. When I'rn sick I feel helpless, and I can't do__10__activities I enjoy or spend time with my friends.
答案和解析
Ⅰ. 用所给短语的适当形式填空
1. accused of 2. concentrate on 3. informed...of 4. depending on 5. so as to 6. has a good nose for 7. assists...with 8. was delighted at 9. have been eager to 10.was guilty at
Ⅱ. 将下列句子改为倒装句
1. until, began, did 2. Had, told 3. Hardly had 4. Only, could 5. So serious was
Ⅲ . 单项填空
1. C【解析】next door to ours是地点状语，放在句首用倒装句型，而且谓语动词完全倒装，因此选C。
2. B【解析】句意为：我们有时忙有时不忙，你知道，全要视情况而定。That／It all depends完全视情况而定，这时depend后面不能跟on；last of all表示“最后”; to tell the truth表示“说实话”，都不符合句意。
3. D【解析】not only...but also...连接两个句子且位于句首时，not only所在的句子用倒装，but also所在的句子不用倒装，因此选D。
4. A【解析】be accused of taking money表示“被控收受贿赂”，也可以用be charged with taking money。
5. D【解析】句意为：你知道我的责任是保护小妹在危险中不受伤害。不能理解成“阻止小妹在危险中不受伤害”，因此不能使用prevent和stop。
6. B【解析】句意为：这本书比较特殊，上面写了很多其他历史书上找不到的事情。这里的“写”不能用write，因为主语是book，使用cover表示“涵盖，覆盖，涉及”。
7. B【解析】根据句意，“需要爱”是“需要的很多东西中”最重要的，因此使用first of all。其他选项均与句意不符。
8. A【解析】thoroughly是形容词thorough的副词形式，表示“全面地、彻底地”，在这里和search搭配，其他选项意义上搭配错误。[来源:学科网ZXXK]
9. D【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。表示两者都不时用“neither of them”，放在定语从句中作引导词时则变成neither of whom。
10. B【解析】so as to的否定形式为so as not to。
Ⅳ. 完形填空
1. A【解析】表示现在的青少年面临同样的问题时，会上网写博客。
2. C【解析】日记和博客非常相似。
3. D 【解析】 是什么让博客和传统的日记不同呢？traditional传统的；personal个人的；ordinary普通的；meaningful有意义的。
4. B【解析】博客比日记公开。
5. D【解析】日记是记录个人秘密的。
6. B【解析】不愿和他人“共享”。
7. A【解析】根据下文，有些人写博客而不是写日记，内容仍是个人秘密。instead of 而不是，代替；as well as和；except for除……之外（忽略细节）；besides除……之外（包含）。
8. A【解析】作者上网去读妹妹的博客。
9. C【解析】用when表示当我在她那个年龄时。
10. A【解析】却“只能”写在我的日记里。
11. D【解析】藏起来，担心妹妹会看见。worried担心的。
12. A【解析】根据下文，博客最大的问题就是公开性，任何人都可以看。
13. C【解析】bad不好的，符合语境，下文也提到了。boring无聊的；wrong错误的；funny可笑的；均不符合文意。
14. B【解析】表示意义上的转折，故选however。
15. D【解析】朋友就可能在网上“读”到日记的内容。
16. D【解析】根据下文可知，博客也有优点。
17. B【解析】表示没有人“了解”用know。
18. C【解析】朋友看到博客，就会“回复”她。
19. A【解析】朋友会说有多么“喜欢”她。
20. B【解析】stay in touch with sb.与某人保持联系，符合语境。
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
1. B【解析】词义猜测题。由文章第四段可以得到答案。
2. A【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段可知，学生们在找到工作之前在career center里受到过培训，有一定的经验。
3. C【解析】推理判断题。由文中第五段“...sort of a crossroads between college and the real world”可知。[来源:学.科.网]
4. D【解析】细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段的“Ryan Stewart may just end up going back to school”可知。
5. B【解析】细节理解题。最后一段中“For now, they can only hope its value will increase over time”说明，仅有大学文凭是远远不够的。
Ⅵ. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. When【解析】 考查连词。当我唱歌时我感到轻松。when当……时。
2. happiest【解析】 考查形容词最高级。承接第一句的When are you the happiest？。
3. am playing【解析】 考查时态。联系上文，与上句“When I'm playing basketball”相对应，应该用现在进行时。
4. worried【解析】 考查词性转换。句意：当我担心的时候，她总是讲故事让我开心。be worried“担心”。
5. effort【解析】 考查固定搭配。句意：父母尽一切努力让我幸福。make every effort to do sth.“努力做某事”。
6. Therefore【解析】 考查副词。句意：因此我将永远爱他们，照顾他们。
7. they【解析】 考查代词。代指前面的many wars很多战争。
8. should【解析】 考查情态动词。句意：我认为人们应该相互友善。should“应该”。
9. feeling【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我讨厌生病。hate后面接动词?ing形式。
10. the【解析】 考查冠词。I enjoy是定语从句修饰activities，所以此处表示特指，应用定冠词。
be guilty at so as to accuse...of be delighted at
be eager to assist...with concentrate on
depend on have a good nose for inform...of
