Unit 5 First aid
培优练习
(时间:90分钟 满分:120分)
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Professor Martin’s report says that children who attend a number of schools, because their parents have to move around the country,probably make slow progress in their studies. There are also signs, says Professor Martin, that an unusually large number of such children are mentally affected.
The professor says, “It’s true, my personal feeling is that children should stay in one school. Our feelings are based on research and not on any personal feeling that I or many assistants may have on the subject.”
Captain Thomas James,an army lecturer for the past 20 years and himself a father of two, said, “I’ve never heard such rubbish. Taking me for example, no harm is done to the education of my children who change school regularly—if they keep to the same system,as in our Army school. In my experience—and I’ve known quite a few of them—Army children are as well-adjusted(适应)as any others, if not better. What the professor doesn’t appear to appreciate is the fact that in such situations children will adapt(适应)much better than grown-ups.”
When this was put to Professor Martin,he said that at no time has his team suggested that all such children were backward or mentally affected in some way, but simply that in their experience there was a clear tendency(倾向).
“Our findings show that while the very bright child can deal with regular changes without harming his or her general progress in studies, the majority(大多数)of children suffer from constantly(不断地)having to enter a new learning situation.”
1. Professor Martin’s report suggests that .?
A. it may not be good for children to change schools too often
B. parents should not move around the country
C. children are now making slow progress
D. more and more children are mentally affected
2. According to the passage, Professor Martin’s personal feeling .?
A. is opposite of what his report has shown
B. is in a way supported by his research
C. has played a big part in his research
D. is based on his own experience as a child
3. From the passage,we can conclude that Captain James’s children .?
A. have been affected by changing schools
B. go to ordinary state schools
C. can get used to the Army school education
D. discuss their education regularly with their father
4. According to Professor Martin, suffer from changing schools regularly.?
A. army children B. quite a few children
C. bright children D. few children
B
Perhaps you have heard a lot about the Internet, but what is it, do you know? The Internet is a network. It uses the telephone to join millions of computers together around the world.
Maybe that doesn’t sound very interesting. But when you’ve joined to the Internet, there are lots of things you can do. You can send e-mails to your friends, and they can get them in a few seconds. You can also do with all kinds of information on the World Wide Web(WWW).
There are many different kinds of computers now. They all can be joined to the Internet. Most of them are small machines sitting on people’s desks at home, but there are still many others in schools, offices or large companies. These computers are owned by people and companies, but no one really owns the Internet itself.
There are lots of places for you to go into the Internet. For example, your school may have the Internet, you can use it during lessons or free time. Libraries often have computers joined to the Internet, you are welcome to use it at any time.
Thanks to the Internet, the world is becoming smaller and smaller. It is possible for you to work at home with a computer in front,getting and sending the information you need. You can buy or sell whatever you want by the Internet. But do you know 98% of the information on the Internet is in English? So what will English be like tomorrow?
5. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The Internet. B. Information. C. Computers. D. E-mails.
6. Which is the quickest way to send messages to your friends?
A. By post. B. By e-mail. C. By telephone. D. By satellite.
7. Which may be the most possible place for people to work in tomorrow?
A. In the office. B. At school. C. At home. D. In the company.
8. What does the writer try to tell us with the last two sentences?
A. English is important in using the Internet.
B. The Internet is more and more popular.
C. Most of the information is in English.
D. Every computer must have the Internet.
C
Knowing a little first aid could be life-saving if you see someone lying unconscious.
Too often people don’t do anything because they think they will kill the patient, but by learning simple rules you could make the difference between life and death.
First, you need to find out if they’re unconscious, asleep or drunk, by squeezing the skin between their neck and shoulder and shouting. If there is no response at all, you need to establish if they are dead or just unconscious—sometimes it’s very difficult to tell the difference.
Open the airway by placing one hand on their forehead and gently tilting the head back while lifting the chin.
If there are no signs of life—no obvious pulse and their chest is not going up and down—call an ambulance and then start cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)(心脏复苏)to maintain(获得)a flow of oxygenated blood to the brain and heart.
Do this by pushing up and down on the centre of the chest,with your hands interlocked together, constantly until an ambulance arrives.
Push at a rate of 100 beats a minute. You can’t harm them doing this and might just save a life.
9. People don’t do first aid often because .?
A. they are not doctors B. they think it is dangerous
C. it isn’t their responsibility D. they are cold-hearted
10. How can you tell whether the person is dead or just asleep?
A. By squeezing the skin on the arm.
B. By tilting the head back.
C. By placing one hand on their forehead.
D. By shouting to the person.
11. If the person’s chest is not going up and down, it shows .?
A. the person is dead
B. first aid is not needed
C. you should start CPR
D. an ambulance isn’t necessary
12. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. First aid for drunk people.
B. First aid for injured people.
C. First aid for unconscious people.
D. First aid for choked people.
D
“Depend on yourself” is what nature says to everyone. Parents can help you. Teachers can help you. Others can help you. But all these only help you to help yourself.
There have been many great men in history. But many of them were poor in childhood, and had no uncles，aunts or friends to help them. Schools were few and not very good. They could not depend on them for education. They saw how it was, and set to work with all their strength to know something. They worked their own way till they became well?known.
One of the most famous teachers in England used to tell his pupils, “I can not make worthy men of you, but I can help you make men of yourselves.”
Some young men do not try their best to make themselves valuable to the human beings. They can never gain achievements unless they see their weak?points and change their courses. They are nothing now, and will be nothing as long as they live, unless they accept the advice of their parents and teachers, and depend on their own honest efforts.
13．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．How to Be Famous
B．What Nature Says to Everyone
C．Depend on Yourself
D．Men Must Help Each Other
14．Many of the great men in history succeeded because ．
A．they were very poor in childhood
B．they wanted very much to become famous
C．they made great efforts to learn and work
D．they could not depend on schools for education
15．From this article we can learn that the writer .
A．is a man of strong character
B．sings high praise for parents
C．thinks highly of those men struggling by their own efforts
D．feels it is the most important of all to accept the advice of others
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
16. You probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily so,however. Anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to. Here’s how:?
Plan your time carefully. When planning your work, you should make a list of things that you have to do. After making this list,you should make a schedule of your time. First set your time for eating, sleeping, dressing, etc. Then decide a good, regular time for studying 17. . A weekly schedule may not solve all your problems, but it will force you to realize what is happening to your time.?
Find a good place to study. Look around the house for a good study area. Keep this space, which may be a desk or simply a corner of your room, free of everything but study materials. No games, radios, or television. When you sit down to study, concentrate on the subject.
Make good use of your time in class.18. Listening carefully in class means less work later. Taking notes will help you remember what the teacher says.?
Study regularly. When you get home from school, go over your notes, review the important points that your teacher is going to discuss the next day and read that material. 19. If you do these things regularly, the material will become more meaningful, and you’ll remember it longer.?
Develop a good attitude towards tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. They help you remember your new knowledge. The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t be over worried.
20. . You will probably discover many others after you have tried these.?
A. There are many methods that might help you with your studying.
B. Don’t forget to set aside enough time for entertainment.
C. Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teacher says.
D. No one can become a top student unless he or she works hard.
E. Maybe you are an average student.
F. Make full use of class time to take notes of what the teacher says in class.
G.This will help you understand the next class.
第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Anna Douglas was 72 years old when she started writing her newspaper column. She had been a school teacher before she retired(退休), but she needed to keep 21 . She was even willing to work without pay. She then offered her 22 with a business that helped other businesses find jobs for old people. Every day she 23 other old folks like her. By talking with them, she 24 two things. Old people had abilities that were not 25 . But old people also had some 26 . She found a new purpose for herself then.?
Through the years, she 27 to write stories about people for national magazines. There was now a new 28 : Old people like herself. She began to write a newspaper column called “Sixty Plus”, which was about 29 old. She wrote about the problems of old people, especially their problems with being 30 .?
Anna Douglas used her 31 ability to see the truth behind a problem. She understood 32 problems began. For example, one of her 33 said that his grandchildren 34 the houses as soon as he came to visit. Mrs Douglas 35 some ways for him to understand his grandchildren.?
“It’s important to know 35 about your grandchildren’s world,” said Mrs Douglas.“That means questioning and listening, and 36 is not what old people do best. Say good things to them and about them,” she continued. “Never try to 37 your grandchildren or other young people. Never 38 your opinion. Don’t tell them what they should do. 39 , they have been taught they should have respect for old people. The old should respect them as well.”?
21. A.free B.rich C.powerful D.busy
22. A.service B.money C.students D.books
23. A.observed B.met C.comforted D.answered
24. A.recognized B.followed C.enjoyed D.demanded
25. A.studied B.agreed C.given D.used
26. A.mistakes B.problems C.questions D.characters
27. A.had B.ought C.was D.used
28. A.subject B.life C.way D.plan
29. A.getting B.respecting C.employing D.supporting
30. A.unknown B.refused C.misunderstood D.discouraged
31. A.thinking B.working C.writing D.leading
32. A.that B.when C.why D.whether
33. A.visitors B.readers C.listeners D.friends
34. A.got B.entered C.left D.passed
35. A.invented B.chose C.suggested D.imagined
36. A.everything B.something C.anything D.nothing
37. A.listening B.speaking C.pleasing D.advising
38. A.praise B.scold C.trouble D.encourage
39. A.speak out B.give up C.get back D.stick to
40. A.Commonly B.Surprisingly C.Happily D.Naturally
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Terry, who failed again and again in career(事业), often complained that he had been cheated by others. One day he told his wife he was so 41. (disappoint) with the city that he had to leave.?
It was the evening of 42. weekend when they moved to another city. Terry and his wife 43. (tidy) up their new home busily when the light suddenly went out. Terry was regretful to have forgotten bringing along candles and had to wait 44. (help) in a low mood.Just then he heard knocks on his door. Wondering who it was, Terry, a newcomer to this city, went to the door and opened it impatiently. 45. the door was a little girl, shyly asking whether he had candles. “No” Terry answered in anger and shut the door 46.(violent).?
After a while, the girl knocked again.47. this time she was holding two candles, saying, “My grandma told me the new neighbour downstairs might need candles. She sent me here to give you these.” Terry was very 48.(surprise) by what he saw.?
At that moment he suddenly realized what caused his 49 (repeat) failure in life. The person who had cheated him in life was really nobody else but 50. (him).?
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
This morning on my way to school I was deep moved by what I saw outside a bank. An old man was counting his money in the front of the bank. Suddenly a young man came running and knocked him down. To make things bad,his money was lying in all direction. In no time the people around rush to pick the money up while the old man stood there, not know what to do. Surprisingly, everyone gave back the money they had just picked. The old man counted the money again and found that not a single bill was missed. To my great joy, there are now a lot of nice people in your life. It’s true what honesty is more important than money!
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
请以“First Aid for Animal Bites”为题目,用英语写一篇短文,要点如下:
参考词汇:毛巾 towel
事件 被动物咬伤
后果 肿胀;疼痛;流血
急救前提 皮外伤(scratches on the skin),没有严重的过敏反应(allergic reaction)。
急救办法 1.马上用肥皂和温水洗5分钟,如果伤口很深,用水冲洗10分钟,然后用干净的毛巾擦干伤口。
如果伤口肿胀,用毛巾裹冰敷10分钟
然后去就医
答案和解析
第一部分 阅读理解
1. A【解析】推理判断题。由第一段的第一句“Professor Martin’s report says that children who attend a number of schools, because their parents have to move around the country, probably make slow progress in their studies.” 我们可以得知Martin教授的观点是:孩子们如果转学的次数多,那么他们在学习中所取得的进步就会比较慢。因此项A是正确答案。
2. B【解析】细节考查题。由文章第二段教授所说的话中得出,教授的观点是通过他的研究得出的,并不是他的个人看法。因此B项为正确答案。
3. C【解析】推理判断题。由文章第三段讲述了James上校的观点,他不赞成Martin教授的观点,他以自己的两个孩子为例,认为孩子们只要处于同一教育体系中,不论转多少次学,也不会对他们的教育产生不良的影响。故C项为正确答案。
4. B【解析】推理判断题。由文章最后一句“the majority(大多数)of children suffer from constantly(不断地)having to enter a new learning situation.”告诉我们,大多数的孩子遭受经常变更学习环境之苦。选项B中的短语quite a few也表示“相当多的”。因此正确答案为B项。
5. A【解析】主旨大意题。文章的每一段都谈到了网络,所以我们可以推断文章的主要内容是关于网络的。
6. B 【解析】细节理解题。在第二段中谈到You can send e-mails to your friends,and they can get them in a few seconds.相比其他选项,e-mail当然是最快的。
7. C【解析】细节理解题。最后一段的第二句讲到It is possible for you to work at home with a computer in front,所以明天我们极有可能在家工作了。
8. A【解析】推理判断题。最后两句话告诉我们:英语在网络上的应用是非常广泛、非常重要的,除A选项外,没有一个选项能完整地概括最后两句话的意思。
9. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段前半句可知:人们往往不进行急救是因为他们认为那样做会使人致死的。因此是危险的。
10. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知A项错误,D项正确。B、C两项是使人呼吸通畅的方法。
11. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段的描述:一个人如果没有生命迹象,没有明显的脉搏或心跳,要马上叫救护车并实施心脏复苏(CPR)。
12. C【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段的主题句Knowing a little first aid could be life-saving if you see someone lying unconscious.可知,这是一篇关于对失去知觉的人进行急救的文章。
13. C【解析】 主旨大意题。根据文中第一句可分析得出选项C为本文的标题。
14. C【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They could not depend on...to know something.”可知答案。
15. C【解析】 推理判断题。根据上下文的信息可总结作者的写作观点。
16~20 EBCGA
第二部分 英语知识运用
第一节 完形填空
21. D【解析】她从教师工作上退了下来,然而她一直很忙。B项有一定干扰性,keep rich意为“富有”,从后文“She was even willing to work without pay.”可以看出B项不符合语境。
22. A【解析】从空后的“that helped other businesses find jobs for old people.”可以看出,她提供的是商业服务。
23. B【解析】从空后的“By talking with them”可以看出,Anna Douglas每天都与很多老年人会面,而不是观察或安慰他们。
24. A【解析】通过与他们交谈,她认识到两件事情。接下来的两句便是她认识到的事情。recognize此处意为“认识到”。
25. D【解析】老年人有未被利用的能力。这是她积极为老年人找工作发挥他们余热的原因。
26. B【解析】然而老年人也有老年人的问题。A项有较大干扰性,从后文我们知道,有一位老年人不受其孙子、孙女的欢迎,这是他面临的问题,而不是错误。
27. D【解析】从后文的“She began to write a newspaper column called‘Sixty Plus’”可以知道,她为国家杂志写人物故事是以前的事,故用used to。
28. A【解析】联系上下文“Old people like herself”是报纸的一个话题(subject),因此其他选项不合题意。
29. A【解析】get old在这里为系表结构,其他选项不正确。
30. C【解析】B、D两项有较大干扰性,作者举的例子说明很多老年人被其孙子、孙女误解,而不是(他们的要求)被拒绝等。
31. A【解析】从空后的“see the truth behind a problem”可知,Anna Douglas用的是thinking ability。
32. C【解析】从下文举的例子看,她明白的是事情的起因,因此其他选项不合题意。
33.B【解析】A项有较大干扰性。从前文我们知道Anna Douglas是靠写文章与老年人交流,而不是建立了咨询中心,因此A项不合题意。
34. C【解析】联系上下文我们可以推知,这位老年人与其孙子、孙女关系并不融洽,因此当他进来时,孩子们就离开。
35. C【解析】她给这位老人提出了几种方法、建议。
36. B【解析】A、C两项有较大干扰性。从空后的“your grandchildren’s world”我们得知,想了解孙子、孙女世界的一切是不可能的。
37. A【解析】本空承接and前的分句而来,因此答案应在questioning和listening间选择,选项中没有questioning。
38. B【解析】联系上文“Say good things to them and about them”得此答案。A项有一定的干扰性,空前的Never决定了此选项不正确。
39. D 【解析】stick to在这里是“固执地坚持”。A、B两项均有一定干扰性。联系前文Mrs Douglas认为老人应该多听听孙子、孙女的见解,不要太固执地坚持自己的看法。speak out“说出”,give up“放弃”,均不合题意。
40. A【解析】D项有较大干扰性,naturally意为“自然而然地”,而commonly指“通常情况下”。
第二节 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
41. disappointed 42. a 43. were tidying 44. helplessly 45. At 46. violently 47. But
48. surprised 49. repeated 50. himself
第三部分 写作
第一节 短文改错
51. 第一句: deep→deeply
52. 第二句: 去掉第一个the
53. 第四句: bad→worse;
54. 第四句: direction→directions
55. 第五句: rush→rushed;
56. 第五句: know→knowing
57. 第六句: picked后加up
58. 第七句: missed→missing/lost
59. 第八句: your→our
60. 第九句: what→that
第二节 书面表达
First Aid for Animal Bites
Animal bites like dog and cat bites are the most common nowadays. They will cause signs and symptoms such as swelling, pain and bleeding, which bring the wound a lot of suffering.
It is first aid that can make a difference before emergency medical help arrives, which can be used for animal bites that cause scratches on the skin but do not cause a severe allergic reaction. You should do as the following: Firstly, wash the bite area right away with soap and warm water for 5 minutes. If the bite is deep, place the wound under gently running water for 10 minutes. Then dry the wound with a clean towel.
Secondly, if the wound is swollen, apply ice covered in a towel to it for 10 minutes. Thirdly, get treat or medical care.
All in all, faced with the animal bites, you should try to use the first aid you know to cure yourself before the doctor can be found.
Unit 5 First aid
基础练习
Ⅰ用所给的单词或词组的正确形式填空（有多余的选项）
(Convince, damage, attack, aid, attempt, electric, squeeze, stick to, value )
1. He makes me _____________of his honesty.
2. We were _________in our investigation by the police.
3. He is ironing his clothes with an ___________iron.
4. He was asked to pay 200 yuan for the _____________done to me.
5. More than three air_____________ were made during that night.
6. The thief_________________ a lot of money out of that old man.
Ⅱ．单词填空
1. aid
a. They_______ the poor country _______money then.
b. ________our teachers, we have made great progress in English.
c. I________ her _______study English in the past.
d. 进行急救________________
e. 援助__________________
f. 助听器_________
g. 教具
2. injury n. injuries pl. injure vt.
a. The increasing traffic accidents have caused many________ and deaths.
b. He fell down from his bike and was_____________.
c. The ________are being sent to hospital after the accident.
3. present
a. John__________ his award at a ceremony which recognized the bravery of ten people who had saved the life of another.
b. On Teachers’ Day, our class will________ some flowers to our teachers.
c. The general manager will_________ a report _____the Board of Directors (董事会) of the company.
d. I’ll______ Mr Wang________ you.
e. Who will _______the TV show?
f. After finishing your writing, please_______ what you wrote_______ the class.
g. Many fishes are _______in the river now after it has been dealt with properly.
h. The people______ at the meeting are advanced teachers.
4. electric/electricity/electronic/electrical
a. It is so hot today, but the__ fan isn’t working.
b. A lot of ___equipment is needed for large theatres
c. The________ was cut off for several days.
d. His father is a _______engineer.
e. There is no_________ station in this area.
f. The dictionary is available in ____________form.
A. electric B. electrical C. electronic D. electron
g. 发电机 h. 电流 i. 电源插头 j. 电烙铁 k. 电力工程 l. 电子计算器 m. 电子字典
5. damage/destroy
a. Smoking can_____ your health.
b. His careless remark_____ his reputation.
c. An explosion_______________ the building completely.
d. The court awarded him $200_______________to that company.
e. What’s the _________of the furniture.
f. What some people did has done _____the environment.
6. convince
a. How can I __________you ________her honesty?
b. What __________you _________vote for them?
c. He _____________that she was guilty.
7. sense
a. 苏醒过来
b. 讲得通，有意义
c. 弄懂-----的意思
8. take one’s place/ take the place of / in place
a. Mr. Wang is ill. Who will_________?
b. It is likely that computers will ____mankind in the future.
c. She is a lovely girl and always keeps everything__________.
9. take off/up/
a. He ____________his hat and bowed politely as he passed.
b. When did you _______playing basketball?
III. 用下列短语的正确形式填空
You have three layers of skin to _______ you _______ diseases, poison and the sun’s harmful rays.
He ________ his hat and bowed (鞠躬) to us.
If your skin_________, it will be very serious.
The skin can ________ your body ________ losing water.
I prefer to _________ my shirts while they are still damp.
The cut soon _________ over, but it left a scar.
She _________ to death on a fish bone.
I __________ their success.
He was _________ an experiment when I rang him.
The town _________ a library.
Ⅳ. 完成句子
迅速采取急救措施将会挽救一个人的生命。
________ _______ _______ quickly will save one’s life.
除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把它脱掉。
_______ clothing _______ the burned area unless it _______ _______ _______ the burn.
正是在这条大街上我遇到了我的一个朋友。
________ ________ in this street ________ I met one of my friends.
他今天穿着一件白色的衣服。
Today he ______ _______ ______white.
你要参加讨论吗？
Are you going to ________ ________ ________ the discussion.
他从那卷布上剪下了一米。
He ________ ________ a metre of cloth from the roll.
令他的老师吃惊的是，他在急救测试中做得比预料的要好。
______ ______ _______ _______, he did better in her first aid exam than expected.
你必须坚决执行这次决定。
You must firmly ________ ________the decision.
这两栋房子相距得很近。
The two buildings _______ _______ ________ each other.
10. 雪覆盖了地面。
The ground _______ _______ ________snow.
答案和解析
Ⅰ．用所给的单词或词组的正确形式填空（有多余的选项）
1. convinced 2. aided 3. electric 4. damages 5. attacks 6. squeezed
Ⅱ．单词填空
1. a. aided/with/in b. with the aid of c. aided/to d. give/carry out/do/perform first aid
e. give/offer aid f. hearing aid g. teaching aids
2. a. injuries b. injured c. injured
3. a. was presented with b. present c. present/to d. present/to e. present f. present/to g. present h. present
4. a.electric b. electronic c.electricity d.electrical e.electric f. C g.an electric generator h. an electric current i. an electric plug j. an electric iron k. electrical engineering l. an electronic calculator m. an electronic dictionary
备注：electric 指可发电的或靠电力操作的或由电力生产的
Electrical 与电有关的（人员或物品）
Electronic 电子的
5. a. damage b. has destroyed c. has destroyed d. damages e. damage
f. damage to
6. a. convince/of b. has convinced/to c. was convinced
7. a. come to senses b. make sense c. make sense of
8. a. take his place b. take the place of c. in place
9. a. took off b. take up
III. 用下列短语的正确形式填空
1. protect against 2. took off 3. gets burned 4. prevent from
5. iron 6. healed 7. was choked 8. am proud of
9. carrying out 10. was presented with
Ⅳ. 完成句子
1. Giving/Performing first aid 2. Take off, is stuck to
3. It was, that 4. is dressed in
5. take part in / join us in 6. cut off
7. To his teacher’s surprise 8. carry out
9. are/stand close to 10. is covered with
protect…against…, prevent…from…, get burnt, take off, choke, carry out, be proud of, iron, present sb. with sth.., heal
Unit 5 First aid
提高练习
Ⅰ. 单项选择，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳答案完成句子
1. I’ve planned to visit Shanghai Expo Park before October 31st ______.
A. if ever B. if possible C. if busy D. if anything
2. Have you heard the American slang one’s meat is another man’s ______?
A. favourite B. danger C. poison D. honey
3. With everything ______, my room now looks clean and tidy.
A. out of place B. in their places C. in the first place D. in place
4. Since the old office is being repaired and painted, we will have the ______ offices in the hotel.
A. various B. professional C. luxious D. temporary
5. My chest ______ when I take a deep breath, doctor.
A. hurts B. wounds C. harms D. injures
6. The chidren wanted to swim in the river, but their mother told them ______.
A. not to do B. not to C. not do it D. don’t
7. The famous doctors are ______ my grandmother for throat cancer and I really hope that they can ______ her of it.
A. treating; cure B. curing; treat C. examing; treat D. curing; examing
8. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ______ whether he was going in the right direction.
A. seeing B. to see C. seen D. being seen
9. ______ the medcine, his ______ ankle got better and better.
A. In the aid of; swollen B. With the aid of; swelling
C. With the aid of; swollen D. By the aid of; swelling
10. Friendship is like money: easier made than ______.
A. to be kept B. keeping C. kept D. being kept
11. Keep the medicine in the kitchen cupboard so you can ______ it easily when needed.
A. put your hand in B. put your hands on
C. have your hand on D. get your hands on
12. She said she had lost her bike. ______, we should try our best to help her.
A. If is so B. If it true C. If so D. If there is so
13. The ______ person lay on the ground, ______ heavily.
A. injured; bled B. injury; bleeding
C. wound; bleeding D. injured; bleeding
14. The lady was very moved, her tears ______ down her face.
A. rolled B. rolling C. roll D. were rolling
15. When I was at your age, my headteacher suggested that I should go and work wherever ______.
A. needed me B. asked C. I was needed D. I wanted
Ⅱ.用省略的方式重写下列句子，使之变得更加简短(每空一词)
1. We all know that the horse will run faster if it is whipped.
_______ is well known, the horse will run faster if _______.
2. — Do you think it will rain tomorrow?
— I hope that it will not rain.
— Do you think it will rain tomorrow?
— I hope _______.
3. I’ll get everything ready next week if I can’t get it ready earlier.
I’ll get everything ready next week if _______ _______.
4. The student was caught when he was cheating in the exam.
The student was _______ _______ in the exam.
5. Once you have made a promise, you should keep it.
Once _______ _______ a promise, you should keep it.
Ⅲ. 根据汉语及重点词语提示将下列句子译成英语
1. 即使小小的善举也能产生巨大的影响。(make a difference)
____________________________________________________________________________
2. 城市生活的压力迫使他搬到乡村居住，在那儿他能过得更加安逸一点。(the pressure of the city life)
____________________________________________________________________________
3. 你可以用新买的机器榨出柠檬汁。(squeeze out)
____________________________________________________________________________
4. 咱们到外面吃晚饭吧？我请客。(treat)
____________________________________________________________________________
5. 用干净的干绷带包扎烧伤处以便伤口不会感染。(apply … to …)
____________________________________________________________________________
Ⅳ. 完形填空
A
If someone has an accident he is likely to suffer from shock. This is a medical condition when somebody looks 1 or feels weak and sick. A victim in a state of shock always has a weak but
2 heart beat. If you see someone suffering from shock, ask them to sit or lie down.
He may want to put his head between his legs for a short time. Then check the clothes — there should be 3 close-fitting clothes round his neck. If the shock is not serious, 4 the victim a cup of warm, sweet tea to drink. This will make him feel better. But if he looks really ill, call 5 emergency help immediately. Meanwhile lift his legs up so that the blood will flow to his 6 which will help him feel better. If you have a blanket, put it round the victim to keep him 7 . This will stop him from getting cold and shivering, which can happen when he suffers shock. Do not move the victim far 8 a good reason and do not allow him 9 . If the person finds 10 difficult to breathe, put him in the recovery position.
1. A. white B. pale C. red D. sad
2. A. slow B. quick C. fast D. irregular
3. A. no B. little C. a few D. some
4. A. offering B. supplying C. offer D. provide
5. A. up B. for C. in D. on
6. A. leg B. organ C. foot D. brain
7. A. hot B. cold C. warm D. cool
8. A. for B. with C. because of D. without
9. A. smoking B. to smoke C. smoke D. smoked
10. A. him B. that C. this D. it
B
To 11 with a serious leg wound, first of all, it is important to get the victim to lie down. Then remove any clothes from around the wound. Look at the wound and look for any 12
in the wound such as a piece of wood. If there are not any objects, press down hard on the wound. Use a clean cloth to do this. Then, if possible, lift the damaged area. In this case, you need to 13 the leg. Place the damaged leg on something like a box. This will slow down the flow of blood to the wound. Keep the pressure on the wound. Do this for ten 14 . Then place a piece of clean cloth over the wound and tie the cloth firmly around the leg. Do not remove the cloth. If blood comes through the cloth, simply place 15 cloth on top. Take the victim to the nearest doctor or hospital.
11. A. deal B. do C. treat D. meet
12. A. objects B. dirt C. dust D. stones
13. A. arise B. raise C. rise D. arouse
14. A. times B. minutes C. seconds D. hours
15. A. the other B. other C. another D. others
Ⅴ.阅读理解，根据短文内容选择最佳答案
A
With more and more people swimming at beaches every year, the problem of sharks(鲨鱼) takes on new importance. There are people who still insist that sharks never attack human beings unless thay are bleeding or wounded, but this belief has not been clearly proved. In the past few years, on both the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, there have been cases of shark attacks which resulted in death. And just how many of the swimmers who have disappeared were victims of shark attacks will never be known. Clearly, these violent fish can be dangerous. Several species are known to attack human beings, and it is believed by some experts that certain sharks, once having tasted human blood, develop a taste for it.
The chances that one will come across a shark are small, but certain precautions should be taken by everyone.(A precaution is something you do in order to prevent something dangerous or unpleasant from happening.) Putting hands or legs over the side of a boat in warm waters is to be avoided. Swimming far out from beaches is inviting trouble. No swimmer shoud go great distances from shore alone, or go into the water when nobody else is about. Skin divers, particularly those who go deep down in the water or among rocks and ledges(暗礁) that serve as hiding places for sharks, are taking unnecessary risks.
If one is in a boat that is rubbed against by a shark, he should remember the creature is not trying to upset his boat; it is probably trying to rub off sea lice (海虱). A blow, especially on the nose, will drive it off. If a swimmer comes across a shark, he should swim away as quietly as possible, trying to avoid making it angry. He should also head for shore (岸) as quickly as possible.
1. How many ways does the author put forward to avoid being attacked by a shark?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
2. What should be done if a shark rubs against your boat?
A. Stir up the water. B. Make some noise by shouting.
C. Kick the shark. D. Hit it on the nose.
3. What does the underlined part mean?
A. Certain sharks will become interested in human blood when they have tasted it.
B. Certain sharks will taste human blood again after they have tasted it.
C. Certain sharks will taste human blood every day after they have tasted it.
D. Certain sharks will form its sense of taste when they have tasted human blood.
4. Where do sharks sometimes hide themselves?
A. Places with sea lice in warm waters. B. Somewhere near the beaches.
C. Among rocks and ledges. D. It isn’t mentioned in the passage.
5. Which of the following cannot be inferred from the passage?
A. Some people don’t think sharks will attack human beings.
B. Fewer people used to swim at beaches.
C. Swimmers shouldn’t always worry about sharks, but they should be very careful.
D. It’s impossible for swimmers to run into sharks.
B
It’s best to plan ahead and there is no better way than to prepare for an emergency before it happens. For example, the time to plan for a fire emergency is before it happens. This is when everyone is calm and clear-thinking. This is when decisions about safe escape routes can be discussed and made. Have a family talk. Don’t delay. Planning won’t help after a fire starts.
Knowing ahead of time how to get out during a fire can save needed seconds. The best way out in a fire is the route you use to go in and out every day. Yet, in a fire this route may be blocked. Be sure to plan other escape routes.
Take each person to his or her room and describe what to do in case of fire. Give everyone a job. Older children should take care of younger ones. Plans may have to be made for anyone who cannot escape without help. Adults who can’t walk should sleep on the first floor. Small children should sleep near older persons who can help them. Only healthy, able persons should sleep in hard-to-reach places such as attics or basements.
Practice your escape plan at night when it is dark. Be sure that your plan is good and will work. For example, make sure that a child can actually open the window he is supposed to use for his escape. Teach children to close their bedroom doors. Tell them to wait by an open window until someone can reach them from outside. If an adult cannot be wakened, children should understand that they must leave by themselves.
Choose a meeting place outside. This way you can tell if everyone is safely out of the building. Know where nearby telephones or fire alarm boxes are found.
If you live in an apartment, try to get everyone out. Learn where the fire alarm is in the building. Your family should know what the fire alarm bell sounds like. They should know what to do when they hear it. Try to get the other families in your building together to have fire drills. Write down the telephone number of the fire department. Stick the number to each phone.
Early warning is the key to a safe escape. It has been shown time and time again that a family can escape if warned early enough.
6. Which is right about the organization of the passage?
A. The passage has an introduction and a conclusion with a topic sentence for each paragraph.
B. The passage has a conclusion and a topic sentence for each paragraph with no introduction paragraph.
C. The passage has an introduction and a topic sentence for each paragraph with no conclusion paragraph.
D. The first and last paragraph act as introduction and conclusion with no topic sentence for each paragraph.
7. What does the underlined word “attics” mean?
A. rooms on the third floor B. rooms under the first floor
C. rooms below the roof D. basements
8. What does the author suppose will happen to people if a fire breaks out?
A. They’ll remain calm. B. They’ll become confused.
C. They’ll be too frightened to do anything. D. They’ll be surprised.
9. What should you do if you’re trapped in a bedroom during a fire?
A. Escape from the open window. B. Hide yourself under the bed.
C. Close the bedroom door. D. Try to rush out of the bedroom.
10. What can we know from the last paragraph?
A. It seems that fire escape is impossible.
B. No people have escaped from a fire.
C. It’s possible for people to escape from a fire safely.
D. People have nothing to do but wait to die in case of a fire.
Ⅵ. 书面表达
根据下列提示写一篇短文，可适当发挥。
词数：120左右
高二学生吴名在上学路上，目睹了一起交通事故；一位老妇人被撞，左腿受伤，血流不止，而肇事者逃逸；吴名运用所学知识对老妇人进行急救，旁人打电话求助；老妇人被送往医院，吴名上学迟到，但为自己能帮助他人感到自豪。
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答案和解析
Ⅰ. 单项选择，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳答案完成句子
1. B【解析】if it is possible可以省略为 if possible，表示“如果可能的话”。
2. C【解析】美国俚语 “One’s meat is another man’s poison.” 意思是“甲之熊掌，乙之砒霜”，相当于“萝卜青菜，各有所爱”。
3. D【解析】in place在适当(通常)的位置；适当的；与out of place(地方放得不对)意思相反。
4. D【解析】temporary暂时的；临时的。
5. A【解析】wound, harm, injure都是及物动词，而此处需要不及物动词；hurt不仅可作及物动词，还可用作不及物动词，有“疼；痛”之意。
6. B【解析】not to为not to swim in the river的省略。
7. A【解析】treat治疗，强调过程；cure治愈，强调结果。
8. B【解析】to see为he was to see的省略。be to do sth 将要做某事。
9. C【解析】with/by the aid of借助于；在……的帮助下；swollen过去分词作定语。
10. C【解析】比较结构要对等，与made一致。
11. B【解析】考查固定搭配。put your hands on sth找到；get your hands on sb捉住使你不快的人。
12. C【解析】if so为if it is so的省略，符合状语从句省略原则。
13. D【解析】injured过去分词作定语，表示“受伤的”；bleeding的逻辑主语是the person，作伴随状语。
14. B【解析】没有连词，判断这里是独立主格结构，roll和her tears为主动关系，故用 -ing形式。
15. C【解析】副词wherever不能作主语，只能引出地点状语从句。
Ⅱ. 用省略的方式重写下列句子，使之变得更加简短(每空一词)
1. As; whipped 2. not 3. not earlier 4. caught cheating 5. having made
Ⅲ. 根据汉语及重点词语提示将下列句子译成英语
1. Even a little good deed can make a big difference.
2. The pressure of the city life forced him to move to the country, where he could live an easier life.
3. You can use the new machine to squeeze some juice out of lemons.
4. Why not / Shall we go out for dinner? It’s my treat.
5. Apply a dry, clean bandage to the burned area so that the wound will not get infected.
Ⅳ. 完形填空
1. B 【解析】根据后面的 “or feels weak and sick” 选pale，指脸色苍白。
2. C【解析】根据前面表转折的but 排除A、D；quick指动作迅速、思维敏捷；fast指速度快。
3. A【解析】根据生活常识可知，颈部不要被紧身的衣服所束缚。
4. C【解析】offer sb sth提供；supply sb with sth供应；provide sb with sth提供。根据搭配选C。
5. B 【解析】call for help打电话求助；call up唤起……；call in叫进来；call on sb 拜访。
6. D 【解析】根据生活常识可知，保证大脑正常的血液循环。
7. C 【解析】根据前面的a blanket 和后面的 “stop him from getting cold and shivering” 可知应选C。
8. D【解析】根据句义和生活常识，此处意思是“没有充足的理由，不要挪动患者”。
9. B【解析】allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事。
10. D 【解析】it作形式宾语。
11. A【解析】deal with sth 处理；应付；do … with … 用……做……；treat sth with sth (利用化学物质或反应)处理；meet with sb/sth 会晤某人；遭遇(不好的事情)。
12. A 【解析】根据后面的 such as，所选词应与a piece of wood具有包含关系。
13. B【解析】此处需要一个及物动词，故选raise，表示“举起”；rise为不及物动词，表示“升起”；arise为不及物动词，表示“产生；出现”；arouse为及物动词，表示“激起、引起(感情、态度)”。
14. B 【解析】根据生活常识，B选项为最佳答案。
15. C 【解析】表示“另一个”用another。
Ⅴ. 阅读理解，根据短文内容选择最佳答案
1.?D 【解析】概括归纳题。第二段提到三点：Don’t put hands or legs over the side of a boat in warm waters. Don’t swim far out from beaches. Skin divers shouldn’t go deep down in the water or among rocks and ledges. 第三段提到两点：How can a person in a boat rubbed against by a shark drive it off? What should a swimmer coming across a shark do?
2.?D【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知。
3.?A【解析】句义理解题。once 为连词，意思是“一旦”，引导省略了的状语从句，相当于 “once they have tasted human blood”；develop a taste for相当于become interested in。
4. C【解析】细节题。根据第二段最后一句可知。
5. D【解析】根据第一段可知A、B正确；根据后面两段可知C正确。根据第二段首句可知D错误。
6. A【解析】考查文章结构。首段总体介绍，最后一段做出结论，且每一段的首句均为主题句。
7. C【解析】词义猜测题。根据后面的or basements可知，选项与basements相对，attics意为“阁楼”。
8. B【解析】推断题。根据第一段 “before it happens, when everyone is calm and clear-thinking” 可推断最佳答案为B。
9. C【解析】细节题。根据第四段可知选C。
10. C【解析】最后一段告诉我们事实证明只要预警充分，人们可以成功逃离火场。
Ⅵ. 书面表达
参考范文：
One day, Wu Ming was on his way to school when he saw an old lady knocked down by a car driving fast. Instead of saving the lady, the car drove away. As fast as possible Wu Ming ran up to the old lady and found she was seriously injured in her left leg, bleeding heavily. Wu Ming was worried and didn’t know what to do. Suddenly he remembered the knowledge of first aid learned at school. Taking out his clean handkerchief, he dressed the wound quickly and applied pressure to the wound to stop the bleeding. Meanwhile, a passer-by called 120 for help. Shortly afterwards, an ambulance came and the old lady was sent to hospital.
Although Wu Ming was late for school that day, he was proud of himself for being able to help others.
