Unit 1　Advertising Grammar and usage课件（36张）

课件36张PPT。Grammar and usage
Direct speech and reported speech &
Reported speech: statements, questions and imperative sentences Look at the following sentences:
Tom: What are you going to do this
summer holiday?
Amy: I am going to travel to Beijing
with my parents.Warming upNow try to answer:
What did Amy say?
Amy said that she was going to travel to Beijing with her parents. Direct speech and reported speechWhat is the difference between direct speech and reported speech?
Direct speech is to report what exactly has been said while reported speech or indirect speech is to report what has been said without using exact words.How can we change direct speech into reported speech?
We can change direct speech into reported speech by using an object clause or an infinitive phrase.For example:
He said, ‘I’m used to such embarrassing comments.’
He said that he was used to such embarrassing comments.‘We must not give up in the face of pressure!’ she said.
She encouraged us not to give up in the face of pressure.Besides the major changes in sentence structure, there are also changes in:
Personal pronouns
Tenses
Adverbials of time and place
Other casesPersonal pronouns:
She said, ‘I did some research.’
She said that she had done some research.
Ann said, ‘I have finished this letter.’
Ann said that she had finished that letter.How to change the tenses:‘Light travels at a great speed,’ said Ms Li.
Ms Li said that light travels at a great speed.Tips:We do not change the tense when we report a proverb or a fact that doesn’t change over time.Adverbials of time and place:
e.g. Tom said, ‘I am working here
today.’
Tom said he was working there
that day.The following table shows other examples:that daythe next day/the following daythe day beforethe next month/the following montha week beforeOther cases:
Some more examples of the changes:thatthosegoRead the advertisement and complete the letter on Page 9.
Answers:
1. _______ 2. ________ 3. __________
4. _______ 5. ________ 6. __________
7. _______ 8. ________ 9. _________
10. ______waswould behad readthatwouldhad boughtthatwouldthoseherReported speech:
statements, questions and imperative sentences1. Statements
We use noun clauses introduced by that
to report statements. The word that can
be omitted.
e.g. She said (that) advertisements were
almost everywhere nowadays.There are more reporting verbs other than say and tell:advise explain insist promise
announce suggest warne.g. The write explained that PSAs were
often run for free.We use noun clauses introduced by whether/if to report yes/no questions.
e.g. Matt asked Ann, ‘Does Jason deserve
this award?’
Matt asked Ann whether/if Jason
deserved that award.2. QuestionsWe use noun clauses introduced by wh-words to report wh-questions.
e.g. ‘Where did you find the
advertisements for jobs abroad?’
Bill asked.
Bill asked where I had found the
advertisements for jobs abroad.3. Imperative sentences To report imperative sentences, we can
use the structure: reporting verb +
object +(not) + to infinitive
e.g. The candidate said to the manager,
‘Please give me five minutes for
preparation.’
The candidate asked the manager to
give him five minutes for preparation. There are other verbs that can be used
in this structure to report imperative
sentences:advise encourage invite recommend warne.g. ‘Don’t believe every advertisement
you read,’ Michelle said to me.
Michelle advised me not to believe
every advertisement I read.总 结 如果直接引语是一个陈述句，变成间接
引语时用that引导，有时也可省略。
e.g. She said, ‘Father, the boy is very
naughty now.’
She told her father (that) the boy
was very naughty then.2. 如果直接引语是客观真理，变为间
接引语时，时态不变。
e.g. ‘Light travels much faster than
sound,’ she said to me .
She told me that light travels
much faster than sound.
3. 如果直接引语中有明确表示过去的
时间状语，在变为间接引语时，一
般过去时不必变为过去完成时。
e.g. He said to me, ‘The great
inventor was born in 1884.’
He told me that the great
inventor was born in 1884.4. 如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间
接引语时用whether/if 引导，且用陈述
句语序。
e.g. She asked me, ‘Are you the
happiest person in your family?’
She asked me whether/if I was the
happiest person in my family.5. 如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接
引语时，仍用该特殊疑问词，用陈述句
语序。
e.g. She asked me, ‘When will the
advertisements be on air?’
She asked me when the
advertisements would be on air.6. 转述祈使句时使用该结构: 转述
动词(ask/ tell/ order/ advise/ remind/ warn/ invite/encourage…) +宾语+ (not)
to doe.g. ‘Go and see a doctor after class,’
my teacher said to me. My teacher advised me to go
and see a doctor after class.Read Part A on Page 11 and practise reporting questions using whether/if or wh-words.
Answers:
2. Wang Qin ________________________
__________________________________.
3. Lu Kai ___________________________
__________________________________.asked how it could help him remember English words.asked whether/if it taught listening and speaking 4. Liu Fang _______________________
______________________________
_______________________________.
5. Gu Jin _________________________
_______________________________.asked what the designerwould do if she was not satisfied
with the softwareasked whether/if it was easyto useRead the advertising tips on Page 11 and report each of them to your boss.
Answers:
2. The expert encourages us to
_______________________________.
3. The expert recommends that
________________________________.use interesting and attractive photoswe (should) use eye-catching logos4. The expert suggests that __________
_______________________________
_______________________________.
5. The expert tells us to _____________
_________________________________.we (should)make the slogans short and easymake good useof colours to attract people’s attentionto remember将下列直接引语改为间接引语。
1. Mother said to her little daughter,
‘The earth is not flat but round.’
Mother told her little daughter (that)
the earth is not flat but round.2. He asked, ‘How are you getting along
with your studies these days, Mary
and Jane?’
He asked Mary and Jane how they
were getting along with their studies
those days.3. “Alice, you feed the baby,” Mother said.
Mother asked Alice to feed the baby.
4. “Let’s have a rest,” our teacher said.
Our teacher suggested (that) we have a
rest.
5. “Don’t make this kind of foolish mistake
again,” she said to me.
She told / warned me not to make that
kind of foolish mistake again. Finish Part C2 on Page 92 of the
Workbook.
Preview the Task.Homework