（人教版）选修6 Unit 4 Global warming话题语言应用——气候、能源与环境及练习
文档属性
| 名称 | （人教版）选修6 Unit 4 Global warming话题语言应用——气候、能源与环境及练习 |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 65.3KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-07-26 22:23:04 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
话题语言应用——气候、能源与环境
语言积累
交际用语
表示同意与不同意、责备与抱怨的表示法
1. 同意与不同意
Exactly. You’re right.
I agree. That’s correct/ true/ right.
I’m afraid I disagree with you. I’m afraid not.
I don’t think so. No way. 绝不。
I don’t agree. I doubt... 我怀疑......
I can’t agree more. 我非常同意你（的意见/说法/观点）。
2. 责备与抱怨
I’m sorry to bring this up, but...? 很抱歉提出此事，但是......？
I’m sorry to have to say this, but...? 很抱歉提出此事，但是......？
They shouldn’t have done it. 他们不应该做这件事。（对做过的事的抱怨）
They are to blame. 他们应受到责备。/他们应对此事负责任。
Perhaps/ Maybe they should/ ought to... 也许他们应该......
Why don’t you do something about it? 为什么你们不为此做点什么呢？
话题词句1
Ⅰ．有关环境问题的词汇：
use/ consume energy 使用/消耗能源 solar power太阳能
wind power风力 a coal power station 燃煤发电站
an oil refinery 炼油厂 a nuclear power plant 原子能发电站
solar panels 太阳能接收器 a hydroelectric dam 水坝
greenhouse gases 温室气体 Greenhouse effect 温室效应
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 water vapor 水蒸汽
the sea level 海平面 atmosphere 大气层
ecological system=ecosystem生态系统
environmentally-friendly 有利于环境的 environmental protection 环境保护
environment-friendly products环保产品 nature reserve自然保护区
dispose of 将......处理掉 burn/ bury 燃烧/ 填埋
plastic bags塑料袋 drinking cans饮料罐
renewable/ non-renewable 可/不再生的
disaster 灾难 drought 干旱
famine 饥荒 forest fire 森林大火
severe storm 大风暴/大暴雨等 flood 洪水
the spread of diseases 疾病的蔓延 the disappearance of species 物种的消失
acid rain酸雨
Ⅱ. 表示“为环保做贡献”的语句
Energy lights our cities/ heats our buildings/ entertains us.
能源用于城市照明/ 楼房取暖/ 娱乐（watching TV; playing computer）
Wind will never run out while coal is a limited source. 风取之不尽，而煤是有限的资源。
It’s OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it — if not, turn it off!
在使用电器设备时你可以让它开着，如果不用就把它关掉。
So if you are not using the lights, the TV, the computer, and so on, turn them off.
因此，你如果不用电灯、电视、电脑等时，要把它们关掉。
If you are cold, put on more clothes instead of turning up the heat.
如果你觉得冷了，就多穿点衣服，而不是把暖气开大。
Recycle cans, bottles, plastic bags and newspapers if circumstances allow you to.
若情况允许，把罐头盒、瓶子、塑料袋和报纸回收利用起来。
Buy things that are economical with energy — this includes cars as well as smaller things like fridges and microwaves.
买那些节约能源的产品，包括汽车和像冰箱、微波炉之类的小件物品。
Trees absorb carbon dioxide from the air and refresh your spirit.
树能吸收空气中的二氧化碳，使你感觉清爽。
Arouse people’s awareness of environmental protection. 提高公众的环保意识
话题词句2
学习并记熟划线部分，会对阅读、写作有很大帮助的。
Deadliest Effects of Global Warming 全球变暖的致命的影响
1. Polar ice caps melting 极地冰帽开始融化
First, it will raise sea levels, which could displace millions of people. Second, melting ice caps will throw the global ecosystem out of balance. The ice caps are fresh water, and when they melt they will make the ocean less salty. The desalinization of the Gulf current will “screw up” ocean currents, which regulate temperatures. Third, temperature rises and changing landscapes in the Arctic Circle will endanger several species of animals. Only the most adaptable will survive.
注：displace使背井离乡 ecosystem生态系统 desalinization减少盐分
current 洋流 screw up搅乱 regulate 调节
2. Widespread extinction of species 广泛的物种灭绝
It is reported that 75 species are extinct every day, and 3 every hour. The loss and degradation of their habitat is the central cause of their endangerment. Pollution, poaching and the growing effects of climate change are also threats that wildlife face every day. And because we can’t exist without a diverse population of species on Earth, this is scary news for humans.
注：extinct 绝种的 degradation 降级，堕落 habitat 栖息地
poach 偷猎 diverse 多种多样的
3. Natural disasters will take place frequently. 自然灾害频发。
Global warming will significantly increase the intensity of the most extreme storms worldwide. The?storms such as hurricanes and cyclones are increasing. Flooding represents one of the most dangerous hazards to human settlements and is one of the most potentially momentous impacts of global warming. Melting glaciations can cause more frequent and more dangerous episodes of earthquakes and volcanic activities.
注：intensity 剧烈（程度） hurricane飓风 cyclone龙卷风
hazard 危险，公害 momentous 严重的 glaciation 冰河作用
4. Increased probability and intensity of droughts and heat waves 干旱和热浪的发生和激烈程度增加
Although some areas of Earth will become wetter due to global warming, other areas will suffer serious droughts and heat waves. Africa will receive the worst of it, with more severe droughts also expected in Europe. Water is already dangerously rare in Africa, and global warming could lead to conflicts and war.
5. More outbreaks of deadly diseases 致命疾病的更多的爆发
Climate greatly influences some of the most deadly and widespread diseases currently affecting millions of people across the world. With disease-bearing insects such as mosquitoes able to multiply in staggering numbers thanks to even small rises in temperature, global warming looks set to facilitate the spread of diseases like Malaria.
注：staggering 难以置信的 set to do 开始努力做 facilitate 使容易，推动
Malaria 疟疾 set adj. 固定的,坚决的,事先做好的■
话题词句3
有用的句子----- 试试你会了吗？
1. 当跟其他自然变化相比较而言，这却是一种快速的增长。
It is a rapid increase when _____________________________.
2. 全球变暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。
It is _____________that has caused this global warming __________________________.
3. 所有的科学家都赞同这种观点：全球气温的升高是由于燃烧化石燃料产生的能量引起的。
All scientists ____________________ the increase in the earth’s temperature is ______ ____________________.
4. 这种现象发生在大气层中少量的气体，如二氧化碳、甲烷和水蒸气等，吸收了太阳的热量，因此也就使地球变暖了。
This is when __________________in the atmosphere, like carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour, ____________ and ________ warm the earth.
5. 当我们向大气层中增加了大量额外的二氧化碳时，问题就来了。
The problem begins when we ________________________________.
6. 是一位名叫“查尔斯·基林”的科学家对大气层中的二氧化碳数量做了精确的测量。
It was a scientist called Charles Keeling, ____________________ of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
7. 然而，科学家们在对待升温的态度上却是大不相同的。
However, ________________________ this rise are completely different.
8. 即使我们开始减少二氧化碳的数量，在（未来）几十年或几个世纪内，气候也将持续转暖。
Even if we ______________ the amount of carbon dioxide, the climate is going to ______ ______________________.
9. 有时我感觉，像这样一个巨大的环境问题，个人是起不了什么作用。
Sometimes I feel that _____________________________________________.
10. 它们应该能够促使你启动你的计划。
They should ________________ your project.
11. 如果情况允许你做的话，把罐头盒、瓶子、塑料袋和报纸回收利用起来。
__________________, and newspapers ____________________________.
12. 最后，也是最重要的是，做一个教育者。记住——你的贡献很有价值！
______________________, be an educator. Remember— your _______________!
参考答案：
1. compared to other natural changes
2. human activity; rather than a random but natural phenomenon （复数 phenomena）
3. subscribe to the view that; due to the burning of fossil fuels
4. small amounts of gases; trap heat from the sun; therefore
5. add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
6. who made accurate measurements of the amount
7. the attitudes of scientists towards
8. start reducing; keep on warming for decades or centuries
9. individuals can have little effect on such huge environmental problems
10. get you started with
11. Recycle cans, bottles, plastic bags; if circumstances allow you to
12. Finally and most importantly; contribution counts
写作运用
写海报
海报是用来告知公众有关信息的一种带有广告性质的招贴，多数是手写的，常配以绘画，如影讯、球讯、演出动态等。
写作指导
1. 海报的正上方往往把活动名称做成大字标题，不需要写称呼。如：
Basketball Match Film News New Year’s Eve Entertainment Programme
Films English Evening Football Match
2. 正文部分要写清活动内容、活动时间、地点，以及参加规定、注意事项及主办单位等。语言多十分简洁，开门见山。
3. 出具海报的单位署名通常写在右下角，日期放在署名的下一行，靠左下角。
海报写作范文
Example 1
Example 2
注释：cut down on 减少 low energy light bulb 低能灯泡
话题作文
本单元的中心话题是当今我们面对的环境问题，如全球变暖、节约能源等问题。这个话题的书面表达题还可能是对有关话题进行讨论的议论文，体裁可以是报社投稿、读者来信、编辑回信、演讲稿、调查报告等。我们要用心记住本单元学习的语言知识，如上面“语言积累”部分的内容和作文范文，做这样的书面表达题就容易多了。
Example 1
Solutions to slowing climate change（减缓气候变化的解决方案）
Global warming does not have to occur. It is possible for the human race to slow down global warming and maybe even remove all of the effect that people have on the climate.
One of the solutions is to increase the number of trees on the earth. Trees could take in the carbon dioxide through its life processes. The more trees are growing on earth, the less carbon dioxide will be in the atmosphere.
The solution to reducing this source of carbon dioxide release would be to change where energy comes from. Less carbon would be sent out if fossil fuels were used properly. This could be done by increasing efficiency（效能）. Efficiency could be improved in a variety of （各种各样的）different places. It would be possible to heighten efficiency in all areas of energy production, distribution, and use.
Climate change would be much easier to control if people understand how it happens and how global warming can be reduced. Education of the public will make people support the governmental action and take an active part in reducing global warming.
Example 2
Low-carbon Lifestyle（低碳生活）
Nowadays, a low-carbon lifestyle is a new and fashionable way of living that has drawn people’s attention. This is because a low-carbon lifestyle contributes to（促成） environmental protection by helping to slow down the rate of climate change on the earth. It also contributes a lot to our health.
So, how can we live a low-carbon life? Most of all, we should develop good habits in our daily lives. For example, buses are better than cars, but walking or cycling is better still. We should try not to use things like paper cups, which are made from trees. We should use energy-efficient light bulbs （节能灯泡）and lights should be turned off when not being used.
There are many low-carbon life actions. Each of us is responsible for the greenhouse gases we create through our daily actions. We should recognize that low-carbon life is not only a kind of lifestyle but also a life attitude.
Example 3
你所居住的小区附近有个垃圾处理场。每天焚烧工业垃圾所产生的烟尘都对大气造成污染，直接影响人体健康，并导致癌症患病率的上升。请你以“Stop burning industrial rubbish”为题给某著名英语报写一篇文章呼吁人们不要焚烧工业垃圾。
注意：
1．内容包括提出问题、分析问题并给出解决建议。
2．词数100左右，标题已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：处理场 treatment plant 小区 neighborhood
参考范文：
Stop burning industrial rubbish
A few days ago, a rubbish treatment plant was founded near our neighborhood, which burns garbage every day. They think it simple and economical to get rid of rubbish that way. I don’t think it proper to clear away rubbish that way. It’s well-known that burning rubbish, especially industrial rubbish, gives off poisonous smoke and dust which in turn pollute air. As a result of breathing the polluted air, the number of the people suffering from cancer is increasing sharply. Many things in rubbish such as dry leaves, leftover food, etc. can make very good fertilizer. And some chemicals which give off poisonous gases when burned should be sorted, recycled and used again as producing materials.
巩固练习
一、单项选择
1. As a result of destroying the forests, large ______ of desert _____ covered the land.
A. number, has B. quantity, has C. numbers, have D. quantities, have
2. — I’m afraid robots will replace man in almost all the fields of society one day.
— ______.
A. Yes, they do B. I’m glad to hear that
C. I’m sorry, but I can’t agree with you D. I’m sorry for man
3. The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly______.
A. atmosphere B. state C. situation D. phenomenon
4. — I’m so tired, working all morning on the farm.
—Why not take a rest, then?
—________.
A. Because I can’t afford it B. Maybe I should
C.I don’t know D. Sorry, I can’t tell you
5. Walking alone in the deserted village, John was scared. He thought he____ Tom to go with him.
A. might have asked B. should asked
C. must have asked D. should have asked
6. The great success of this program has been largely ______ the support given by the ten local businessmen.
A．instead of B．thanks to C．due to D．as a consequence
7. There is no doubt ______ together, individuals can make a difference.
A．what B．whether C．if D．that
8. —What about Mary’s idea?
—Very good！But not many people __________ the idea that money brings happiness.
A．subscribe to B．opposed to C．contribute to D．relate to
9. They ______ the _______ snake by using a special kind of powder.
A. poisoned; poisoned B. poisoned; poisonous
C. poisonous; poisoned D. poisonous; poison
10. It is you as well as your wife that ______ your son’s bad performance at school.
A．is to be blamed for B．are to be blamed for
C．are to blame for D．is to blame for
11. An increase in the price of drugs has _____ the rising cost of medical care.
A. contributed to B. brought up C. burst into D. resulted from
12. ________ to the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.
A. Compare B. When comparing
C. Comparing D. When compared
13. Under these __________, you might agree with us that it is rather difficult for our products to put a footing on this market.
A. situations B. cases C. circumstances D. states
14. I had to ________ everything in that room dumped by the workers who helped us moved here.
A. set out B. sort out C. pick out D. test out
15. The event has not only increased public ________ of world hunger，but raised a lot of money for the poor children.
A．direction B．contribution C．awareness D．loneliness
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～20各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
As China’s economy grows rapidly and more people choose to raise one child，it is very 1 for young men or young women to care for the aging (年纪大的) 2 .Young people always complain that they 3 too much pressure with caring for the 4 . How the aging people can be cared well is a 5 topic in recent years. In my opinion，we，our government and our society can do 6 as follows：
Firstly，our government should adopt more 7 measures to make the elders have enough pensions(养老金)．Then the elders will 8 that they can support themselves and needn’t 9 their living expenses.
Secondly，I think that every young people should take 10 to care for their old parents. Young parents have taken great efforts to bring you 11 . So when they get old，you should let your parents know 12 you care about them and you can do something for them. The most important is not to make your parents feel 13 .
Thirdly，the whole society should be 14 elders’ activities. The society should provide necessary 15 for the elders to take part in activities. 16 the activities，they can enjoy the happy time with their friends and other elders.
In conclusion，I want to 17 that elders are very important to our society. They have done 18 contributions to our society. When they grow old，they 19 more respect from us，especially youth. Let’s 20 more attention to elders’ life.
1．A. important B．urgent C．difficult D．easy
2．A. parents B．grandparents C．children D．grandchildren
3．A. put B．create C．produce D．face
4．A. youngsters B．elders C．babies D．children
5．A. warm B．hot C．cool D．nice
6．A. smoothly B．hardly C．completely D．simply
7．A. accurate B．immediate C．effective D．direct
8．A. hope B．feel C．fear D．doubt
9．A. worry about B．think about C．quarrel about D．talk about
10．A. advantage B．attempt C．requirement D．responsibility
11．A. in B．out C．up D．down
12．A. that B．how C．why D．when
13．A. happy B．guilty C．lonely D．lovely
14．A. in need of B．in favor of C．in honor of D．in memory of
15．A. time B．space C．plan D．permit
16．A. Through B．By C．After D．Before
17．A. note B．expect C．review D．promise
18．A. much B．considerable C．passive D．negative
19．A. show B．have C．take D．deserve
20．A. attract B．try C．pay D．seek
三、阅读理解
As a music teacher for twenty-seven years, I have always known that music touches the soul. It can break through all kinds of barriers to reach students in a very special way. It can be the means for each child to find their light.
A few years ago, I was blessed with the opportunity to teach pre-school students one afternoon a week.
One of my most memorable students was Vanessa. She was five years old, had difficulty walking, and could not speak. We mostly sat on the floor for our music lessons and Vanessa liked to sit on my lap. One of her favorite songs was John the Rabbit. It was a call and response song where I sang the call and the students clapped two times while singing the repeating phrase, “Oh, yes!” Vanessa liked to put her hands together with mine and clap with me. We performed that song during every class, Vanessa and I clapping together. She never said or sang a word.
One day late in the school year, when the song was finished, Vanessa turned around, looked me in the eye, clapped her tiny hands two times and said the words “Oh, yes!” I opened my mouth and for that moment I was the one who could not speak. Through music, we had made a connection. Several years later, I came across Vanessa on the street in town. I stopped my car and waved to say hello. She waved back with a big smile on her face and then clapped her hands two times, mimicking（模仿）the song we had performed in our music class. This precious little girl, through her connection with music, left an impression on me that will last forever. Every child has the ability to learn and grow. It is up to us educators to discover the way to reach each and every one of our students. We all must find each child’s light.
1．The author thinks music________.
A．can make children calm down B．can connect heart to heart
C．is difficult for pre-school students D．is a good means to find a job
2．According to the third paragraph, Vanessa _______.
A．got used to singing songs B．was too shy to speak
C．was the youngest in the class D．enjoyed the author’s class
3．When Vanessa spoke the words “Oh, yes!”, the author felt________.
A．surprised B．pleased C．frightened D．upset
4．What message does the author want to convey to readers most?
A．Music is the universal language of mankind.
B．Disabled children are natural music lovers.
C．Teachers should find a way to discover students’ light.
D．A good educator ought to help students learn through music.
四、选词填空。
clear away, solution to, be to blame, run out, refresh, awareness
circumstance, remove, a variety of, contribute to
1. He felt that to a greater extent he __________ for the coldness that had grown between them.
2. My car __________ petrol after ten miles, and what’s worse, there wasn’t any car in sight.
3. It may take a long time to find a _____________ the problem, but we must try.
4. I think I’ll just _________ myself with a cup of tea before I go to my boss’s office.
5. Please ____________ the dinner things. It’s time for us to get down to work.
6. There is no doubt that these measures will ___________ the solution of the problem.
7. It’s not easy to change habits, but with _________ and self-control, it is possible.
8. I wish we could have met under happier ____________.
9. The city he lives in has ___________ good shops and supermarkets.
10. He ________ the meat with a fork and divided it among three sons’ plates.
五、语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在标有1～10的空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
（1）
Happiness is like a small stone dropped into a pool to set in motion and ever-widening circle of ripples. __1__ Stevenson has said, being happy is a duty.
There is no exact definition of __2__ word “happiness”. Happy people are happy __3__ all sorts of reasons. The key is not wealth or physical well-being, since we find beggars, invalids(残疾人) and so-called failures, __4__ are extremely happy.
__5__ (stay) happy is triumph of soul and character. __6__ is not selfish to strive for it. It is, indeed, a duty to ourselves and others.
Being __7__ (happy) is like an infectious disease. It causes people to stay away from the sufferer. He soon finds himself alone and sad. There is, __8__, a cure for it: if you don’t feel happy, pretend to be!
It __9__ (work). Before long you will find that you attract people. You discover how deeply rewarding it is to be the center of wider and wider circles of good will. Then the make-believe becomes a reality. You become really happy.
Being happy, once it __10__ (realize) as a duty and established as a habit, opens doors into unimaginable gardens thronged (群集) with grateful friends.
（2）
Most years on average have 12 full moons, with __1__ appearing each month.
That’s __2__ the lunar month—the time it takes the moon to cycle through its phases—corresponds（符合）closely to the calendar month.
But the calendar year is actually __3__ (base) on the solar cycle, or the time it takes the earth to make one trip around the sun. This __4__(mean) a year is not evenly(均匀)divisible by lunar months, so every three __5__ (year) or so there are 13 full moons.
The farmer’s almanac (历书) further divided the year into four seasons, __6__ each season lasting three months. When a given season saw four full moons, the almanac dubbed the __7__ (three) moon as a blue moon, __8__ refers to the second full moon.
Ultimately, a blue moon as defined by the calendar isn’t that rare. The term’s significance instead lies in the way it links people to the motions of the cosmos(宇宙).
“Just being able __9__(recognize)that we can have a full moon twice in a month and have attached folklore really highlights the fact that humans have been astronomers their entire existence,” said Mark Hammergren, __10__ staff astronomer at the Adler Planetarium in Chicago, Illinois.
六、书面表达
请根据下面的提示，用英语写一篇短文，描述全球近五十年来的气候变化，并分析其产生的主要原因、影响及解决措施。
原因
1）过多使用矿物燃料；
2）过度砍伐森林。
影响
1）海平面上升；
2）极端天气现象增加；
3）自然平衡被破坏。
措施
1）控制二氧化碳排放；
2）采用新型能源。
average temperature in fifty years
答案与解析
一、单项选择
1. D。large quantities of 作主语时谓语动词用复数have。large numbers of只修饰可数名词。
2. C。对方提出一个说法，答话人首先要表示同意与否，所以选C。选项A语法上时态有误，也不是日常对话中常用的说法；B用于对方说起让人欣喜的事的答语；D不表示同意与不同意，所以显的突兀。
3. A。in a friendly atmosphere 表示“在友好的气氛中”。 state 状态；situation 情况；phenomenon 现象。
4. B。Why not do...用于表示建议，对别人的建议的答语，选B表示同意；A 表示“因为我负担不起”，不合题意。
5. D。句意：约翰独自走在空寂无人的村庄里，感到害怕，心想应该让汤姆和他一起来。表示“过去应该做却没有做”时用should have done。
6. C。thanks to 一般单独引导状语，只有 due to可与 be连用表示“由于”。as a consequence 因而。
7. D。There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问......。doubt用于肯定句中可用whether/if等引导从句。
8. A。此题考查动词短语辨析，句意为“并非所有的人赞同金钱带来幸福的观点”。subscribe to赞同，符合句意。contribute to 捐献；贡献于；be opposed to 反对；relate to 涉及到。
9. B。poison作动词时表示“毒死、污染、毒化”；poisonous 是形容词，表示“有毒的”
10. C。题干中用了强调结构，主语是you，所以谓语要用复数；be to blame是固定句式，用主动形式表示被动意义，表示“应负责任，应受责备”。
11. A。句意：药品价格的增长导致了医疗方面费用的提高。contribute to 促成，捐献给；bring up教育, 培养, 提出；burst into 突然进入（某种状态）；result from 由......引起的。
12. D。compare 与句子主语the ocean是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。
13. C。句意：在这种情况下，你们会同意我们的看法，我们的产品在在这个市场上很难立足。under these circumstances 在这种情况下；其他三个词都有“情况”的意思，但都不与under连用。
14. B。sort out分类，整理；set out 动身，开始；pick out 挑选，取出；test out 试验。句意：我必须整理帮我们搬家的工人们堆在那个房间里的一切东西。
15. C。public awareness ，“公众意识”，其他不符题意。direction 方向；contribution 贡献； loneliness 孤独。
二、完形填空
1. C。由下文的年轻人抱怨压力大可知，年轻人对赡养老年人是很困难的。urgent 急迫的。
2. A。从本文来看，主要讨论的是养老问题，所以年轻人照顾的是自己的父母。
3. D。年轻人抱怨“面对”的压力大。create 创造；produce 生产。
4. B。照顾上了年纪的父母。
5. B。如何照顾老年人在近几年已成为一个“热点”话题。
6. D。在作者看来，我们、社会、政府“仅仅”做到以下几点就可以了。
7. C。政府应该调整更“有效的”措施。accurate 准确的。
8. B。提高了养老金之后，老人们“会认为”他们可以养活自己了。
9. A。老人们不用“担心”养老费的问题了。
10. D。由于父母养育了我们，我们年轻人就有“责任”去赡养老人。advantage 益处； attempt 尝试；requirement 要求。
11. C。bring up抚养，固定短语。
12. A。that引导宾语从句，在从句中只起到连接作用。
13. C。不要让你的父母感到“孤独”。guilty 有罪的，内疚的。
14. B。in favor of支持，全社会都要支持老年人的活动。in honor of 为了向......表示敬意； in memory of 作为对......的纪念。
15. B。社会应该为老年人提供活动的“空间”。
16. A。“通过”这些活动，他们可以和朋友一起享受快乐的时光。
17. A。我想请大家“注意”：老年人是社会重要的一部分。
18. B。他们为社会做出了巨大的贡献。注意contributions是复数，排除A。
19. D。当他们老的时候，他们理应（deserve）受到我们的尊重。
20. C。pay attention to意为“注意，关注”，固定短语。
三、阅读理解
1. B。从短文第一段，尤其是“that music touches the soul.”可知。
2. D。从本段中“She never said or sang a word.”排除A；从本段第二句后半句可排除B；选项C段中没有依据，排除。而从段中Vanessa 的表现可推知她喜欢作者的课。
3. A。因为Vanessa 不会说话，所以她说出了这个短句，作者很惊讶。
4. C。从短文最后两句可知。选项A范围过大；选项D说好的教育者应该通过音乐来帮助学生，很有局限性，不合题意；选项B结论过于绝对，缺乏更多的依据。
四、选词填空
1. was to blame 2. ran out of 3. solution to 4. refresh 5. clear away
6. contribute to 7. awareness 8. circumstances 9. a variety of 10. removed
五、语法填空
（1）
1. As。as在此句中表示“正如”，引导非限制性定语从句。
2. the。the表示特指。句意：“幸福”这个词没有确切的定义。
3. for。for…reason，因为……原因。
4. who。failures此处指“失败的人”，所以用who引导定语从句，补充说明beggars, invalids(残疾人) and so-called failures。
5. Staying。根据句子结构和谓语动词is，动词stay在此处作主语，所以用-ing形式表示泛指。
6. It。it在此处中是形式主语，代替真正的主语不定式to strive for it。
7. unhappy。由下文推测，像传染病一样，能给人类带来孤独和悲伤的应该是happy的反义词，填unhappy。
8. however。用however（然而）表示“转折”。
9. works。整篇文章是现在时，由it可知填单数第三人称works。
10. is realized。it指代前面的Being happy，与realize是被动关系，所以填is realized。
（2）
1. one。one代替上文中12 full moons中的一个。
2. because。根据上下文句意可知。
3. based。be based on 以……为基础。
4. means。mean此处是动词，表示“意味着”，根据句意和整篇文章的时态，用单数第三人称。
5. years。根据three可知year用复数。
6. with。with的复合结构——with+名词+现在分词，在句中作状语。
7. third。与the一起构成序数词。
8. which。which此处引导非限制性定语从句，代替a blue moon在从句中作主语。
9. to recognize。be able to do 能够做某事。
10. a。用a表示“其中之一”。
六、书面表达
The diagram shows the weather changes in the global climate. It tells us that the globe average temperature has increased by 0.8℃ from 17℃ in 1951 to 17.8℃ in 2001. Thus, we can come to a conclusion that our earth is getting warmer and warmer.
As far as we know, global warming is due to human activities. Firstly, the use of fossil fuels by industry releases greenhouse gases. Moreover, cutting down forests means that less carbon dioxide can be changed back into oxygen. As a consequence of global warming, the sea level is rising. And people are suffering more extreme weather. The increase in temperature is also causing much damage to the balance of nature.
It’s high time that we should take measures to protect our earth. Not only can we control the releasing of carbon dioxide, but also we can be encouraged to use energy, such as solar energy.
In a word, only in this way can we make our earth a better place for our human beings.
语言积累
交际用语
表示同意与不同意、责备与抱怨的表示法
1. 同意与不同意
Exactly. You’re right.
I agree. That’s correct/ true/ right.
I’m afraid I disagree with you. I’m afraid not.
I don’t think so. No way. 绝不。
I don’t agree. I doubt... 我怀疑......
I can’t agree more. 我非常同意你（的意见/说法/观点）。
2. 责备与抱怨
I’m sorry to bring this up, but...? 很抱歉提出此事，但是......？
I’m sorry to have to say this, but...? 很抱歉提出此事，但是......？
They shouldn’t have done it. 他们不应该做这件事。（对做过的事的抱怨）
They are to blame. 他们应受到责备。/他们应对此事负责任。
Perhaps/ Maybe they should/ ought to... 也许他们应该......
Why don’t you do something about it? 为什么你们不为此做点什么呢？
话题词句1
Ⅰ．有关环境问题的词汇：
use/ consume energy 使用/消耗能源 solar power太阳能
wind power风力 a coal power station 燃煤发电站
an oil refinery 炼油厂 a nuclear power plant 原子能发电站
solar panels 太阳能接收器 a hydroelectric dam 水坝
greenhouse gases 温室气体 Greenhouse effect 温室效应
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 water vapor 水蒸汽
the sea level 海平面 atmosphere 大气层
ecological system=ecosystem生态系统
environmentally-friendly 有利于环境的 environmental protection 环境保护
environment-friendly products环保产品 nature reserve自然保护区
dispose of 将......处理掉 burn/ bury 燃烧/ 填埋
plastic bags塑料袋 drinking cans饮料罐
renewable/ non-renewable 可/不再生的
disaster 灾难 drought 干旱
famine 饥荒 forest fire 森林大火
severe storm 大风暴/大暴雨等 flood 洪水
the spread of diseases 疾病的蔓延 the disappearance of species 物种的消失
acid rain酸雨
Ⅱ. 表示“为环保做贡献”的语句
Energy lights our cities/ heats our buildings/ entertains us.
能源用于城市照明/ 楼房取暖/ 娱乐（watching TV; playing computer）
Wind will never run out while coal is a limited source. 风取之不尽，而煤是有限的资源。
It’s OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it — if not, turn it off!
在使用电器设备时你可以让它开着，如果不用就把它关掉。
So if you are not using the lights, the TV, the computer, and so on, turn them off.
因此，你如果不用电灯、电视、电脑等时，要把它们关掉。
If you are cold, put on more clothes instead of turning up the heat.
如果你觉得冷了，就多穿点衣服，而不是把暖气开大。
Recycle cans, bottles, plastic bags and newspapers if circumstances allow you to.
若情况允许，把罐头盒、瓶子、塑料袋和报纸回收利用起来。
Buy things that are economical with energy — this includes cars as well as smaller things like fridges and microwaves.
买那些节约能源的产品，包括汽车和像冰箱、微波炉之类的小件物品。
Trees absorb carbon dioxide from the air and refresh your spirit.
树能吸收空气中的二氧化碳，使你感觉清爽。
Arouse people’s awareness of environmental protection. 提高公众的环保意识
话题词句2
学习并记熟划线部分，会对阅读、写作有很大帮助的。
Deadliest Effects of Global Warming 全球变暖的致命的影响
1. Polar ice caps melting 极地冰帽开始融化
First, it will raise sea levels, which could displace millions of people. Second, melting ice caps will throw the global ecosystem out of balance. The ice caps are fresh water, and when they melt they will make the ocean less salty. The desalinization of the Gulf current will “screw up” ocean currents, which regulate temperatures. Third, temperature rises and changing landscapes in the Arctic Circle will endanger several species of animals. Only the most adaptable will survive.
注：displace使背井离乡 ecosystem生态系统 desalinization减少盐分
current 洋流 screw up搅乱 regulate 调节
2. Widespread extinction of species 广泛的物种灭绝
It is reported that 75 species are extinct every day, and 3 every hour. The loss and degradation of their habitat is the central cause of their endangerment. Pollution, poaching and the growing effects of climate change are also threats that wildlife face every day. And because we can’t exist without a diverse population of species on Earth, this is scary news for humans.
注：extinct 绝种的 degradation 降级，堕落 habitat 栖息地
poach 偷猎 diverse 多种多样的
3. Natural disasters will take place frequently. 自然灾害频发。
Global warming will significantly increase the intensity of the most extreme storms worldwide. The?storms such as hurricanes and cyclones are increasing. Flooding represents one of the most dangerous hazards to human settlements and is one of the most potentially momentous impacts of global warming. Melting glaciations can cause more frequent and more dangerous episodes of earthquakes and volcanic activities.
注：intensity 剧烈（程度） hurricane飓风 cyclone龙卷风
hazard 危险，公害 momentous 严重的 glaciation 冰河作用
4. Increased probability and intensity of droughts and heat waves 干旱和热浪的发生和激烈程度增加
Although some areas of Earth will become wetter due to global warming, other areas will suffer serious droughts and heat waves. Africa will receive the worst of it, with more severe droughts also expected in Europe. Water is already dangerously rare in Africa, and global warming could lead to conflicts and war.
5. More outbreaks of deadly diseases 致命疾病的更多的爆发
Climate greatly influences some of the most deadly and widespread diseases currently affecting millions of people across the world. With disease-bearing insects such as mosquitoes able to multiply in staggering numbers thanks to even small rises in temperature, global warming looks set to facilitate the spread of diseases like Malaria.
注：staggering 难以置信的 set to do 开始努力做 facilitate 使容易，推动
Malaria 疟疾 set adj. 固定的,坚决的,事先做好的■
话题词句3
有用的句子----- 试试你会了吗？
1. 当跟其他自然变化相比较而言，这却是一种快速的增长。
It is a rapid increase when _____________________________.
2. 全球变暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。
It is _____________that has caused this global warming __________________________.
3. 所有的科学家都赞同这种观点：全球气温的升高是由于燃烧化石燃料产生的能量引起的。
All scientists ____________________ the increase in the earth’s temperature is ______ ____________________.
4. 这种现象发生在大气层中少量的气体，如二氧化碳、甲烷和水蒸气等，吸收了太阳的热量，因此也就使地球变暖了。
This is when __________________in the atmosphere, like carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour, ____________ and ________ warm the earth.
5. 当我们向大气层中增加了大量额外的二氧化碳时，问题就来了。
The problem begins when we ________________________________.
6. 是一位名叫“查尔斯·基林”的科学家对大气层中的二氧化碳数量做了精确的测量。
It was a scientist called Charles Keeling, ____________________ of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
7. 然而，科学家们在对待升温的态度上却是大不相同的。
However, ________________________ this rise are completely different.
8. 即使我们开始减少二氧化碳的数量，在（未来）几十年或几个世纪内，气候也将持续转暖。
Even if we ______________ the amount of carbon dioxide, the climate is going to ______ ______________________.
9. 有时我感觉，像这样一个巨大的环境问题，个人是起不了什么作用。
Sometimes I feel that _____________________________________________.
10. 它们应该能够促使你启动你的计划。
They should ________________ your project.
11. 如果情况允许你做的话，把罐头盒、瓶子、塑料袋和报纸回收利用起来。
__________________, and newspapers ____________________________.
12. 最后，也是最重要的是，做一个教育者。记住——你的贡献很有价值！
______________________, be an educator. Remember— your _______________!
参考答案：
1. compared to other natural changes
2. human activity; rather than a random but natural phenomenon （复数 phenomena）
3. subscribe to the view that; due to the burning of fossil fuels
4. small amounts of gases; trap heat from the sun; therefore
5. add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
6. who made accurate measurements of the amount
7. the attitudes of scientists towards
8. start reducing; keep on warming for decades or centuries
9. individuals can have little effect on such huge environmental problems
10. get you started with
11. Recycle cans, bottles, plastic bags; if circumstances allow you to
12. Finally and most importantly; contribution counts
写作运用
写海报
海报是用来告知公众有关信息的一种带有广告性质的招贴，多数是手写的，常配以绘画，如影讯、球讯、演出动态等。
写作指导
1. 海报的正上方往往把活动名称做成大字标题，不需要写称呼。如：
Basketball Match Film News New Year’s Eve Entertainment Programme
Films English Evening Football Match
2. 正文部分要写清活动内容、活动时间、地点，以及参加规定、注意事项及主办单位等。语言多十分简洁，开门见山。
3. 出具海报的单位署名通常写在右下角，日期放在署名的下一行，靠左下角。
海报写作范文
Example 1
Example 2
注释：cut down on 减少 low energy light bulb 低能灯泡
话题作文
本单元的中心话题是当今我们面对的环境问题，如全球变暖、节约能源等问题。这个话题的书面表达题还可能是对有关话题进行讨论的议论文，体裁可以是报社投稿、读者来信、编辑回信、演讲稿、调查报告等。我们要用心记住本单元学习的语言知识，如上面“语言积累”部分的内容和作文范文，做这样的书面表达题就容易多了。
Example 1
Solutions to slowing climate change（减缓气候变化的解决方案）
Global warming does not have to occur. It is possible for the human race to slow down global warming and maybe even remove all of the effect that people have on the climate.
One of the solutions is to increase the number of trees on the earth. Trees could take in the carbon dioxide through its life processes. The more trees are growing on earth, the less carbon dioxide will be in the atmosphere.
The solution to reducing this source of carbon dioxide release would be to change where energy comes from. Less carbon would be sent out if fossil fuels were used properly. This could be done by increasing efficiency（效能）. Efficiency could be improved in a variety of （各种各样的）different places. It would be possible to heighten efficiency in all areas of energy production, distribution, and use.
Climate change would be much easier to control if people understand how it happens and how global warming can be reduced. Education of the public will make people support the governmental action and take an active part in reducing global warming.
Example 2
Low-carbon Lifestyle（低碳生活）
Nowadays, a low-carbon lifestyle is a new and fashionable way of living that has drawn people’s attention. This is because a low-carbon lifestyle contributes to（促成） environmental protection by helping to slow down the rate of climate change on the earth. It also contributes a lot to our health.
So, how can we live a low-carbon life? Most of all, we should develop good habits in our daily lives. For example, buses are better than cars, but walking or cycling is better still. We should try not to use things like paper cups, which are made from trees. We should use energy-efficient light bulbs （节能灯泡）and lights should be turned off when not being used.
There are many low-carbon life actions. Each of us is responsible for the greenhouse gases we create through our daily actions. We should recognize that low-carbon life is not only a kind of lifestyle but also a life attitude.
Example 3
你所居住的小区附近有个垃圾处理场。每天焚烧工业垃圾所产生的烟尘都对大气造成污染，直接影响人体健康，并导致癌症患病率的上升。请你以“Stop burning industrial rubbish”为题给某著名英语报写一篇文章呼吁人们不要焚烧工业垃圾。
注意：
1．内容包括提出问题、分析问题并给出解决建议。
2．词数100左右，标题已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：处理场 treatment plant 小区 neighborhood
参考范文：
Stop burning industrial rubbish
A few days ago, a rubbish treatment plant was founded near our neighborhood, which burns garbage every day. They think it simple and economical to get rid of rubbish that way. I don’t think it proper to clear away rubbish that way. It’s well-known that burning rubbish, especially industrial rubbish, gives off poisonous smoke and dust which in turn pollute air. As a result of breathing the polluted air, the number of the people suffering from cancer is increasing sharply. Many things in rubbish such as dry leaves, leftover food, etc. can make very good fertilizer. And some chemicals which give off poisonous gases when burned should be sorted, recycled and used again as producing materials.
巩固练习
一、单项选择
1. As a result of destroying the forests, large ______ of desert _____ covered the land.
A. number, has B. quantity, has C. numbers, have D. quantities, have
2. — I’m afraid robots will replace man in almost all the fields of society one day.
— ______.
A. Yes, they do B. I’m glad to hear that
C. I’m sorry, but I can’t agree with you D. I’m sorry for man
3. The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly______.
A. atmosphere B. state C. situation D. phenomenon
4. — I’m so tired, working all morning on the farm.
—Why not take a rest, then?
—________.
A. Because I can’t afford it B. Maybe I should
C.I don’t know D. Sorry, I can’t tell you
5. Walking alone in the deserted village, John was scared. He thought he____ Tom to go with him.
A. might have asked B. should asked
C. must have asked D. should have asked
6. The great success of this program has been largely ______ the support given by the ten local businessmen.
A．instead of B．thanks to C．due to D．as a consequence
7. There is no doubt ______ together, individuals can make a difference.
A．what B．whether C．if D．that
8. —What about Mary’s idea?
—Very good！But not many people __________ the idea that money brings happiness.
A．subscribe to B．opposed to C．contribute to D．relate to
9. They ______ the _______ snake by using a special kind of powder.
A. poisoned; poisoned B. poisoned; poisonous
C. poisonous; poisoned D. poisonous; poison
10. It is you as well as your wife that ______ your son’s bad performance at school.
A．is to be blamed for B．are to be blamed for
C．are to blame for D．is to blame for
11. An increase in the price of drugs has _____ the rising cost of medical care.
A. contributed to B. brought up C. burst into D. resulted from
12. ________ to the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.
A. Compare B. When comparing
C. Comparing D. When compared
13. Under these __________, you might agree with us that it is rather difficult for our products to put a footing on this market.
A. situations B. cases C. circumstances D. states
14. I had to ________ everything in that room dumped by the workers who helped us moved here.
A. set out B. sort out C. pick out D. test out
15. The event has not only increased public ________ of world hunger，but raised a lot of money for the poor children.
A．direction B．contribution C．awareness D．loneliness
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～20各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
As China’s economy grows rapidly and more people choose to raise one child，it is very 1 for young men or young women to care for the aging (年纪大的) 2 .Young people always complain that they 3 too much pressure with caring for the 4 . How the aging people can be cared well is a 5 topic in recent years. In my opinion，we，our government and our society can do 6 as follows：
Firstly，our government should adopt more 7 measures to make the elders have enough pensions(养老金)．Then the elders will 8 that they can support themselves and needn’t 9 their living expenses.
Secondly，I think that every young people should take 10 to care for their old parents. Young parents have taken great efforts to bring you 11 . So when they get old，you should let your parents know 12 you care about them and you can do something for them. The most important is not to make your parents feel 13 .
Thirdly，the whole society should be 14 elders’ activities. The society should provide necessary 15 for the elders to take part in activities. 16 the activities，they can enjoy the happy time with their friends and other elders.
In conclusion，I want to 17 that elders are very important to our society. They have done 18 contributions to our society. When they grow old，they 19 more respect from us，especially youth. Let’s 20 more attention to elders’ life.
1．A. important B．urgent C．difficult D．easy
2．A. parents B．grandparents C．children D．grandchildren
3．A. put B．create C．produce D．face
4．A. youngsters B．elders C．babies D．children
5．A. warm B．hot C．cool D．nice
6．A. smoothly B．hardly C．completely D．simply
7．A. accurate B．immediate C．effective D．direct
8．A. hope B．feel C．fear D．doubt
9．A. worry about B．think about C．quarrel about D．talk about
10．A. advantage B．attempt C．requirement D．responsibility
11．A. in B．out C．up D．down
12．A. that B．how C．why D．when
13．A. happy B．guilty C．lonely D．lovely
14．A. in need of B．in favor of C．in honor of D．in memory of
15．A. time B．space C．plan D．permit
16．A. Through B．By C．After D．Before
17．A. note B．expect C．review D．promise
18．A. much B．considerable C．passive D．negative
19．A. show B．have C．take D．deserve
20．A. attract B．try C．pay D．seek
三、阅读理解
As a music teacher for twenty-seven years, I have always known that music touches the soul. It can break through all kinds of barriers to reach students in a very special way. It can be the means for each child to find their light.
A few years ago, I was blessed with the opportunity to teach pre-school students one afternoon a week.
One of my most memorable students was Vanessa. She was five years old, had difficulty walking, and could not speak. We mostly sat on the floor for our music lessons and Vanessa liked to sit on my lap. One of her favorite songs was John the Rabbit. It was a call and response song where I sang the call and the students clapped two times while singing the repeating phrase, “Oh, yes!” Vanessa liked to put her hands together with mine and clap with me. We performed that song during every class, Vanessa and I clapping together. She never said or sang a word.
One day late in the school year, when the song was finished, Vanessa turned around, looked me in the eye, clapped her tiny hands two times and said the words “Oh, yes!” I opened my mouth and for that moment I was the one who could not speak. Through music, we had made a connection. Several years later, I came across Vanessa on the street in town. I stopped my car and waved to say hello. She waved back with a big smile on her face and then clapped her hands two times, mimicking（模仿）the song we had performed in our music class. This precious little girl, through her connection with music, left an impression on me that will last forever. Every child has the ability to learn and grow. It is up to us educators to discover the way to reach each and every one of our students. We all must find each child’s light.
1．The author thinks music________.
A．can make children calm down B．can connect heart to heart
C．is difficult for pre-school students D．is a good means to find a job
2．According to the third paragraph, Vanessa _______.
A．got used to singing songs B．was too shy to speak
C．was the youngest in the class D．enjoyed the author’s class
3．When Vanessa spoke the words “Oh, yes!”, the author felt________.
A．surprised B．pleased C．frightened D．upset
4．What message does the author want to convey to readers most?
A．Music is the universal language of mankind.
B．Disabled children are natural music lovers.
C．Teachers should find a way to discover students’ light.
D．A good educator ought to help students learn through music.
四、选词填空。
clear away, solution to, be to blame, run out, refresh, awareness
circumstance, remove, a variety of, contribute to
1. He felt that to a greater extent he __________ for the coldness that had grown between them.
2. My car __________ petrol after ten miles, and what’s worse, there wasn’t any car in sight.
3. It may take a long time to find a _____________ the problem, but we must try.
4. I think I’ll just _________ myself with a cup of tea before I go to my boss’s office.
5. Please ____________ the dinner things. It’s time for us to get down to work.
6. There is no doubt that these measures will ___________ the solution of the problem.
7. It’s not easy to change habits, but with _________ and self-control, it is possible.
8. I wish we could have met under happier ____________.
9. The city he lives in has ___________ good shops and supermarkets.
10. He ________ the meat with a fork and divided it among three sons’ plates.
五、语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在标有1～10的空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
（1）
Happiness is like a small stone dropped into a pool to set in motion and ever-widening circle of ripples. __1__ Stevenson has said, being happy is a duty.
There is no exact definition of __2__ word “happiness”. Happy people are happy __3__ all sorts of reasons. The key is not wealth or physical well-being, since we find beggars, invalids(残疾人) and so-called failures, __4__ are extremely happy.
__5__ (stay) happy is triumph of soul and character. __6__ is not selfish to strive for it. It is, indeed, a duty to ourselves and others.
Being __7__ (happy) is like an infectious disease. It causes people to stay away from the sufferer. He soon finds himself alone and sad. There is, __8__, a cure for it: if you don’t feel happy, pretend to be!
It __9__ (work). Before long you will find that you attract people. You discover how deeply rewarding it is to be the center of wider and wider circles of good will. Then the make-believe becomes a reality. You become really happy.
Being happy, once it __10__ (realize) as a duty and established as a habit, opens doors into unimaginable gardens thronged (群集) with grateful friends.
（2）
Most years on average have 12 full moons, with __1__ appearing each month.
That’s __2__ the lunar month—the time it takes the moon to cycle through its phases—corresponds（符合）closely to the calendar month.
But the calendar year is actually __3__ (base) on the solar cycle, or the time it takes the earth to make one trip around the sun. This __4__(mean) a year is not evenly(均匀)divisible by lunar months, so every three __5__ (year) or so there are 13 full moons.
The farmer’s almanac (历书) further divided the year into four seasons, __6__ each season lasting three months. When a given season saw four full moons, the almanac dubbed the __7__ (three) moon as a blue moon, __8__ refers to the second full moon.
Ultimately, a blue moon as defined by the calendar isn’t that rare. The term’s significance instead lies in the way it links people to the motions of the cosmos(宇宙).
“Just being able __9__(recognize)that we can have a full moon twice in a month and have attached folklore really highlights the fact that humans have been astronomers their entire existence,” said Mark Hammergren, __10__ staff astronomer at the Adler Planetarium in Chicago, Illinois.
六、书面表达
请根据下面的提示，用英语写一篇短文，描述全球近五十年来的气候变化，并分析其产生的主要原因、影响及解决措施。
原因
1）过多使用矿物燃料；
2）过度砍伐森林。
影响
1）海平面上升；
2）极端天气现象增加；
3）自然平衡被破坏。
措施
1）控制二氧化碳排放；
2）采用新型能源。
average temperature in fifty years
答案与解析
一、单项选择
1. D。large quantities of 作主语时谓语动词用复数have。large numbers of只修饰可数名词。
2. C。对方提出一个说法，答话人首先要表示同意与否，所以选C。选项A语法上时态有误，也不是日常对话中常用的说法；B用于对方说起让人欣喜的事的答语；D不表示同意与不同意，所以显的突兀。
3. A。in a friendly atmosphere 表示“在友好的气氛中”。 state 状态；situation 情况；phenomenon 现象。
4. B。Why not do...用于表示建议，对别人的建议的答语，选B表示同意；A 表示“因为我负担不起”，不合题意。
5. D。句意：约翰独自走在空寂无人的村庄里，感到害怕，心想应该让汤姆和他一起来。表示“过去应该做却没有做”时用should have done。
6. C。thanks to 一般单独引导状语，只有 due to可与 be连用表示“由于”。as a consequence 因而。
7. D。There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问......。doubt用于肯定句中可用whether/if等引导从句。
8. A。此题考查动词短语辨析，句意为“并非所有的人赞同金钱带来幸福的观点”。subscribe to赞同，符合句意。contribute to 捐献；贡献于；be opposed to 反对；relate to 涉及到。
9. B。poison作动词时表示“毒死、污染、毒化”；poisonous 是形容词，表示“有毒的”
10. C。题干中用了强调结构，主语是you，所以谓语要用复数；be to blame是固定句式，用主动形式表示被动意义，表示“应负责任，应受责备”。
11. A。句意：药品价格的增长导致了医疗方面费用的提高。contribute to 促成，捐献给；bring up教育, 培养, 提出；burst into 突然进入（某种状态）；result from 由......引起的。
12. D。compare 与句子主语the ocean是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。
13. C。句意：在这种情况下，你们会同意我们的看法，我们的产品在在这个市场上很难立足。under these circumstances 在这种情况下；其他三个词都有“情况”的意思，但都不与under连用。
14. B。sort out分类，整理；set out 动身，开始；pick out 挑选，取出；test out 试验。句意：我必须整理帮我们搬家的工人们堆在那个房间里的一切东西。
15. C。public awareness ，“公众意识”，其他不符题意。direction 方向；contribution 贡献； loneliness 孤独。
二、完形填空
1. C。由下文的年轻人抱怨压力大可知，年轻人对赡养老年人是很困难的。urgent 急迫的。
2. A。从本文来看，主要讨论的是养老问题，所以年轻人照顾的是自己的父母。
3. D。年轻人抱怨“面对”的压力大。create 创造；produce 生产。
4. B。照顾上了年纪的父母。
5. B。如何照顾老年人在近几年已成为一个“热点”话题。
6. D。在作者看来，我们、社会、政府“仅仅”做到以下几点就可以了。
7. C。政府应该调整更“有效的”措施。accurate 准确的。
8. B。提高了养老金之后，老人们“会认为”他们可以养活自己了。
9. A。老人们不用“担心”养老费的问题了。
10. D。由于父母养育了我们，我们年轻人就有“责任”去赡养老人。advantage 益处； attempt 尝试；requirement 要求。
11. C。bring up抚养，固定短语。
12. A。that引导宾语从句，在从句中只起到连接作用。
13. C。不要让你的父母感到“孤独”。guilty 有罪的，内疚的。
14. B。in favor of支持，全社会都要支持老年人的活动。in honor of 为了向......表示敬意； in memory of 作为对......的纪念。
15. B。社会应该为老年人提供活动的“空间”。
16. A。“通过”这些活动，他们可以和朋友一起享受快乐的时光。
17. A。我想请大家“注意”：老年人是社会重要的一部分。
18. B。他们为社会做出了巨大的贡献。注意contributions是复数，排除A。
19. D。当他们老的时候，他们理应（deserve）受到我们的尊重。
20. C。pay attention to意为“注意，关注”，固定短语。
三、阅读理解
1. B。从短文第一段，尤其是“that music touches the soul.”可知。
2. D。从本段中“She never said or sang a word.”排除A；从本段第二句后半句可排除B；选项C段中没有依据，排除。而从段中Vanessa 的表现可推知她喜欢作者的课。
3. A。因为Vanessa 不会说话，所以她说出了这个短句，作者很惊讶。
4. C。从短文最后两句可知。选项A范围过大；选项D说好的教育者应该通过音乐来帮助学生，很有局限性，不合题意；选项B结论过于绝对，缺乏更多的依据。
四、选词填空
1. was to blame 2. ran out of 3. solution to 4. refresh 5. clear away
6. contribute to 7. awareness 8. circumstances 9. a variety of 10. removed
五、语法填空
（1）
1. As。as在此句中表示“正如”，引导非限制性定语从句。
2. the。the表示特指。句意：“幸福”这个词没有确切的定义。
3. for。for…reason，因为……原因。
4. who。failures此处指“失败的人”，所以用who引导定语从句，补充说明beggars, invalids(残疾人) and so-called failures。
5. Staying。根据句子结构和谓语动词is，动词stay在此处作主语，所以用-ing形式表示泛指。
6. It。it在此处中是形式主语，代替真正的主语不定式to strive for it。
7. unhappy。由下文推测，像传染病一样，能给人类带来孤独和悲伤的应该是happy的反义词，填unhappy。
8. however。用however（然而）表示“转折”。
9. works。整篇文章是现在时，由it可知填单数第三人称works。
10. is realized。it指代前面的Being happy，与realize是被动关系，所以填is realized。
（2）
1. one。one代替上文中12 full moons中的一个。
2. because。根据上下文句意可知。
3. based。be based on 以……为基础。
4. means。mean此处是动词，表示“意味着”，根据句意和整篇文章的时态，用单数第三人称。
5. years。根据three可知year用复数。
6. with。with的复合结构——with+名词+现在分词，在句中作状语。
7. third。与the一起构成序数词。
8. which。which此处引导非限制性定语从句，代替a blue moon在从句中作主语。
9. to recognize。be able to do 能够做某事。
10. a。用a表示“其中之一”。
六、书面表达
The diagram shows the weather changes in the global climate. It tells us that the globe average temperature has increased by 0.8℃ from 17℃ in 1951 to 17.8℃ in 2001. Thus, we can come to a conclusion that our earth is getting warmer and warmer.
As far as we know, global warming is due to human activities. Firstly, the use of fossil fuels by industry releases greenhouse gases. Moreover, cutting down forests means that less carbon dioxide can be changed back into oxygen. As a consequence of global warming, the sea level is rising. And people are suffering more extreme weather. The increase in temperature is also causing much damage to the balance of nature.
It’s high time that we should take measures to protect our earth. Not only can we control the releasing of carbon dioxide, but also we can be encouraged to use energy, such as solar energy.
In a word, only in this way can we make our earth a better place for our human beings.