（人教版）选修6：选修6第4-5单元总结与复习

选修6第4-5单元复习与巩固
学习目标
重点词句
说明：重点单词短语在各个单元的重点词汇中已经详细讲过，在复习单元不再重复，只就容易用错的部分进行提示和补充。
Unit 4：consume, random, consequence, advocate, commitment, refresh, contribution
Unit 5：fountain, shoot, panic, diverse, bathe
重点语法
it的用法
动词-ing形式复习
综合运用
-ing形式在书面表达中的应用
重点词句
consume
【点拨】
consume vt. 消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完
vi. 消耗， 用掉/光，烧光； 消灭；枯萎
He had consumed the best years of his life in prison.
他在狱中度过了他的大好年华。
She consumes much of her time in studying.
她把很多时间用在学习上。
They consumed all the hot dogs and hamburgers.
他们把热狗和汉堡包统统吃光了。
A big fire consumed the whole house.
一场大火把这所房子整个烧光。
【拓展】consumer n. 消费者，顾客
The consumers complained about the poor quality of the electronic products.
消费者们都抱怨这个电子产品的低劣的质量。
random
【点拨】random adj. 任意的，胡乱的，随便的，随机的
adv. 胡乱地，随意地，随机地
搭配：at random 任意地，随便地
He was not listening and made a random answer to the teacher's question.
他不在听讲,对教师的问题瞎答一通。
Children's words and actions are often fairly random.
小孩子的言行常常是随性而为的。
The librarian took a book at random from the shelf.
图书管理员从书架上随便拿了一本书。
The children sat around the table at random.
小孩们随便地围坐在桌子旁边。
consequence
【点拨】consequence n. ［C］结果，后果；影响
搭配：
in consequence/as a consequence/consequently 因此；结果
in consequence of/as a consequence of 由于……原因
take/suffer/face the consequence of承受/承担……后果
I overslept, and in consequence I was late for class
我睡过头了，因而上课迟到了。
I’m quite willing to accept the consequences.
我完全愿意承担后果。
You should know the consequence of not studying hard.
你应该知道不用功学习的后果。
This had the unexpected consequence that he got fired.
这件事有了意外的后果，那就是他被革职了。
【拓展】consequently adv. 结果；因此；必然地
The rain was heavy and consequently the land was flooded.
雨很大，结果淹了那片土地。
advocate
【点拨】advocate vt.拥护；提倡；主张；支持
n.提倡者，辩护律师
搭配：
advocate doing sth./that-从句 提倡做某事（从句谓语常用“should+动词原形”，should可省） We should advocate saving energy./ that energy (should) be saved.
我们应该提倡节约能源。
He advocates reforming the prison system.
他主张改良监狱制度。
The manager of the hotel advocates rewarding the waitress for her good service.
这家酒店的经理主张对这个服务员的良好服务加以奖励。
The headmaster advocated that all the teaching buildings be well-equipped.
校长主张所有的教学楼都应当装备完善。
Mrs White is an faithful advocate of free speech.
怀特夫人是言论自由的忠实支持者。
commitment
【点拨】commitment承诺，承担义务
搭配：make a commitment to sb./sth. 对某人/某事做出承诺
Our company has a commitment to quality and customer service.
我们公司对质量和顾客服务有承诺。
I felt I did not have to make such a commitment to them.
我觉得我没有必要对他们做出那样的承诺。
His laziness and lack of commitment are unbelievable.
他的懒惰和不负责任令人难以置信。
I couldn't go to the movie with you because of family commitment.
我因为家里有事不能跟你一起去看电影。
【拓展】commit vt. 使承担义务；使作出保证
做（不合法的、错的或愚蠢的事）；犯
He didn't commit himself to anything.
他没有作任何承诺。
The agreement commits them to real singing performances.
该协议使他们在演出时必须真唱。
It’s said that most crimes are committed by young men.
据说多数罪行都是年轻人犯下的。
refresh
【点拨】refresh vt. & vi. 使恢复精力；使振作；使记起，刷新（网页）
The long sleep had refreshed her.
一场酣睡使她的精力充沛。
They had stopped by a spring to refresh themselves.
他们曾在一处泉边停歇休息。
He awoke feeling completely refreshed.
他醒来感到彻底恢复了精力。
He had to refresh his memory by looking at his notes.
他不得不靠看笔记本来提醒自己。
【拓展】refreshment n. 提神，精神恢复；点心，茶点
contribution
【点拨】contribution n. 贡献
搭配：make contributions to (doing) sth 对（做）某事做出贡献
They made an important contribution to the success.
他们对这次的成功做出来重要的贡献。
This invention made a major contribution to road safety.
此项发明为道路安全做出重大贡献。
Each of us was asked to make a contribution of $25.
我们每人要求捐25美元。
【拓展】contribute v. 贡献；有助于；投稿；捐款
搭配：
contribute(…)to… 向……捐(……)款/投稿；对（做）某事做出贡献；促成，有助于
His research has contributed a lot to our understanding of this disease.
他的研究对我们对这种疾病的理解做出很大贡献。
It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum.
她很大方，捐助了这么大笔钱。
Smoking certainly contributed to his early death. 吸烟肯定导致了他的早逝。
fountain
【点拨】fountain n. 泉水;喷泉;水源 (知识等的)源泉；根源 (常加of)
v. 泉水般喷出或涌出
A beautiful stone fountain was set in the middle of the garden.
花园中央砌造了一个漂亮的石头喷水池。
Ancient Greece was a fountain of wisdom and philosophy.
古希腊是智慧和哲学的发源地。
The water is fountaining ten meters into the air.
水喷出了十米高。
When it broke out, red lava was fountained hundreds of metres into the air.
当（火山）喷发时，红色的熔岩喷向空中达几百米。
shoot
【点拨】shoot vt. & vi. 射中，射伤；拍摄；投篮（过去式、过去分词 shot）
对比：shoot at 朝……射击
He shot himself yesterday.
昨日他吞枪自杀。
The spy was shot through the heart.
那个间谍被击穿心脏。
Where was the movie shot?
电影在哪里拍摄的？
He should have shot instead of passing.
他本该射门,不应该传球。
She shot at that target but missed it.
她向靶射击，但没有命中。
I shot at the bird but it flew away.
我举枪向鸟射击，可是它飞走了。
【拓展】shot n. 射击；枪炮声
panic
【点拨】
panic v. （使）惊慌 (panicked; panicked)
n. 惊慌，恐慌
搭配：in (a) panic感到惊慌;惊恐地
The children panicked when the planes flied over the city.
当飞机飞过城市的上空，孩子们惊慌失措。
The thunder panicked the baby.
雷声吓坏了婴儿
The old woman panicked when he realized he had the wallet stolen.
当意识到自己的钱包被偷了，这位老妇人感到很惊慌。
People in panic had nothing to do but wait for death.
惊恐万分的人们只好坐以待毙。
All the people fled in a panic as the earth shook.
当大地摇晃时，所有的人们都惊慌逃散。
diverse
【点拨】diverse adj.多种多样的，不同的（相当于different and various）
Her interests are very diverse.
她的兴趣非常广泛。
They are the people from diverse cultures.
他们是些有着不同文化背景的人。
The program deals with subjects as diverse as pop music and Beijing Opera.
节目涉及从流行音乐到京剧这样形形色色的题材。
【拓展】diversity n. 差异，多样性
He made us realize that beauty can have a diversity of forms.
他使我们认识到了美可以有种种不同的形式。
bathe
【点拨】bathe vi.& vt. 洗澡，游泳；用水冲洗，浸
n. 游泳，（在河、海等）游泳（英国英语，较正式）
On hot days we often bathe/go bathing in the river.
天热时我们常在河里游泳。
I always bathe/ bath before I go to bed.
我睡觉前总要洗个澡。
The nurse bathed the wound. 护士冲洗伤口。
The doctor told him to bathe his eyes twice a day.
医生叫他每天洗眼两次。
【拓展】bath n. 沐浴，洗澡；浴缸，澡盆；洗澡水
vt. & vi. （给）……洗澡（美语多用bathe）
I shall have/ take a hot bath and go to bed.
我洗个热水澡就将上床睡觉了。
He bathed in cold water winter and summer.
不论寒暑他都用凉水洗澡。
It’s your turn to bath /bathe the baby. 该你给孩子洗澡了。
重点语法
it的用法---常考点与代词it
I. 常考要点：
1．It作代词的用法（包括人称代词和非人称代词），而尤其后者出现的形式多。
2．作形式主语
3．作形式宾语
4．用在固定搭配中
5．强调句（此种结构考查的次数最多，应该引起我们平时备考的足够重视）
II. 代词it
判断下面句子中it指代意义。
1. They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.
2. It was nearly midnight when she came back.
3. It was very quiet in the café.
4. Nothing is wrong, is it?
5. There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman.
6. It’s 35 centigrade now. So I feel hot.
7. Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but it didn't help.
8. She heard a terrible noise, and it brought her heart into her mouth.
答案：
1. 上文提到的事物：train 2. 指时间 3. 指环境 4. 指nothing
5. 指需要确定身份的人 6. 指气温 7. 指上文的事情 8. 指a terrible noise
易混的句型---放在句首的it
比较下面句子，归纳it的用法。
A. 形式主语 B. 引出强调句 C. 指时间 D. 用于固定句型，无意义
It is high time you made up your mind.
It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class.
It was they that (who) cleaned the classroom yesterday.
It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.
It was ordered that we (should) arrive there in two hours.
It is (has been) five years since his father died.
It will not be long before he finishes his job.
It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.
It happened that he met his teacher in the street.
It is no good learning English without speaking English.
It looks as if he was ill.
It was not until his son came back that he went to bed.
So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base... (2018 高考全国I)
It is kind of you to say so.
答案：
1. C。句型：It is (high) time + 从句（从句谓语用过去时），意思是“到时间该做……”。
2. A。句型：It’s +名词+that从句。
3. B。去掉It was ... that/who ...，句子仍然合理，不缺少成分，即为强调句。
4. A。句型：It’s +形容词+that从句。
5. A。句型：It’s +过去分词+that从句。
6. C。指时间。It is/has been + 一段时间+since+名词/从句，意为“自从……到现在已经多长时间了”。
7. C。指时间。It will not be long before +从句，意为“不久就……”。
8. B。强调句。强调at the railway station。
9. A。形式主语。it代替后面的主语从句。
10. A。形式主语。it代替后面的动词-ing形式。
11. D。it用于句型，无意义。
12. B。强调句。强调until从句。
13. A。形式主语。it代替后面的不定式to be invited backstage...
14. A。形式主语。it代替后面的不定式of you to say so。
形式宾语及特殊句型
I. it 作形式宾语
助记：为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为“6123结构”——
6指主句中常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel
1指的是形式宾语it；
2指的是宾语补足语的两种形式：形容词或名词；
3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。
We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.
He felt it important learning English well.
They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.
II. “it”的特殊用法常出现在以下几种结构中：
A. 动词 + 介词 (短语) + it + that从句。常见于answer for, depend on, rely on, insist on, look to, see to, stick to 等结构中。 You may depend on it that Tom will help you with your English. 你放心，汤姆会帮助你学英语的。B. 动词＋it＋when / if 从句常见于appreciate, enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer等少数动词之后。We would much appreciate it if you could do us that favour C. 动词 + it + 介词短语 + that从句常见于bring it to one's attention; owe it to sb; take it for granted 等结构中。Don't take it for granted that they will support you.D. 动词+ it + that从句常见于like, take, have, put等少数动词之后（it相当于that从句的同位语）。I take it that they will succeed sooner or later. 我想他们迟早会成功的。
动词-ing形式用法小结
I. 相当于名词的动词-ing形式----动名词
要特别关注的用法：
1. 此时动词-ing形式相当于名词，可以作主语、宾语、表语和定语等。
It is no use arguing with him.和他争论没有用。（主语）
Her favourite job is teaching English.（表语，说明主语的内容）
她最喜欢的工作是教英语。
We don’t allow smoking here. 我们不允许在这里吸烟。
The nurse is talking with a patient in the waiting room （waiting作定语，表示用途）
护士正在阅览室与一个患者谈话。
2. 注意只接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词。如：
I suggested asking his brother for some money. 我建议向他的兄弟要些钱。
3. 注意接动词-ing形式和不定式（to do sth.）都可以，但是有区别的动词。如：
I remember doing the exercise. 我记得做过这个练习。
I must remember to do it. 我必须记着做这事。
4. 注意介词to常用短语后要接动词-ing形式。
While the weather is fine, I must get down to painting the house.
当天晴时，我一定要油漆房子。
5. 注意-ing形式作动词，后面又有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而把-ing形式后置。
Do you consider it any good trying again? 你认为再试一次有什么好处吗？
II. 相当于形容词、副词的动词-ing形式----现在分词
要特别关注的用法：
此时动词-ing形式作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。
The girl standing there is my sister. 站在那儿的女孩是我的姐妹。（定语）
We found the old lady lying in bed. 我们发现那老太太躺在床上。（宾语补足语）
Seeing nobody at home, he decided to leave them a note. （状语）
看见没有在家，他决定给他们留张条。
The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令人困惑。（puzzling作表语，表示主语的性质）
III. 动词-ing形式的时态和语态
以do为例：
1. 主动时态：一般式--- doing，完成式--- having done
2. 被动语态：一般式---- being done，完成式--- having been done
特别关注：
1. 动词－ing形式的一般式表示动作与谓语动词同时发生﹑几乎同时发生或在谓语动词前发生。
Working hard, you will succeed in the experiment.
如果努力工作的话，你会在实验中成功的。
Walking down the valley, they came across a big cave.
他们沿着山谷走时，偶然遇到了一个大洞。
Hearing the news, she burst into tears. 听到这个消息，她哭了。
2. 动词－ing形式的完成式having done表示动作先于谓语动词动作发生。
Having waited in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. 排了一个小时的队了，汤姆突然意识到他把钱包落在家里了。
3. 动词－ing形式的被动式being done表示这个被动动作正在进行，或是与谓语表示的动作同时发生。
Being repaired, the car can’t be used. 车正在修理，不能用了。
4. 动词－ing形式的完成式的被动having been done表示这个被动动作发生于谓语之前。此结构可以被过去分词代替。
Having been shown /Shown the lab, the visitors looked around the stadium.
参观者们被领着看了实验室后，又看了体育场。
综合运用
-ing形式在书面表达中的应用
动词可以说是书面表达中用的最多的词性了，而由于中英两种语言的差异，也是使我们出错最多的词性。在书面表达中，动词作谓语时的时态和语态需要我们多花一些心思，以避免错误。但是动词作非谓语时，也是容易出错的地方之一，所以，这个单元我们就来说一下最重要的非谓语动词形式——动词-ing形式在书面表达中的应用。
I. 动词作主、宾、表语，不要忘了加-ing或者用不定式。
因为汉语是没有变化的汉字，许多同学写作时用动词作主、宾、表示，常忘记加动词-ing或者用to do的形式。如：
1. 有残疾并不意味着你的生活不令人满意。
Having a disability does not mean your life is not satisfying.（作主语）
2. 连停都没有停，我们跳上了船。
Without pausing, we jumped into the boat.（作介词宾语）
3. 你的作文不错，但是你的书写仍然需要提供。
Your composition is good but your handwriting still requires improving. （作动词宾语）
II. 动词作定语时，从时间上看，如果表示将来，用to do；表示用途、正在进行或现在，用动词-ing形式，表示被动，同时也表示完成，用过去分词。除此之外，还可以用定语从句。注意：动词-ing形式的完成式和完成式的被动态很少用来作限制性的定语。
1. 他们是来自几个国家的参观者。
They are visitors coming from several countries.
完成卷子的同学现在可以回家了。
The students who have finished the paper can go home now.
III. 状语从句可以用动词-ing形式或过去分词来使句子简洁、流畅。
1. When she heard the news, she burst into crying.
Hearing the news, she burst into crying.
2. Because she has no friend in the country, she found it impossible to find a job.
Having no friend in the country, she found it impossible to find a job.
练一练：
用括号中的适当的形式填空。
(A)
If you are interested in _______ (1 write), please take part in the _______ (2 write) contest of the Summer Camp _______ (3 hold) by the Cultural and Education Section of the British Council.
You can choose either of the _______ (4 follow) themes, a letter home, _______ (5 tell) your parents the life and studies in the UK and _______ (6 show) your gratitude to them or a letter to the mayor of London, _______ (7 describe) your real experiences in Britain.
Please log on www.educationck.cn and register as a member before August 1.
? The winners will be given a pleasant gift and their work will be published on the magazine _______ (8 issue) by the Cultural and Education Section British Council.
? The Students’ Union
(B)
A beggar
One day, a beggar was asking for money at the roadside, but Mr. Li hurried on his way to work, _______ (1 pay) no attention to him. As a result, the beggar got angry and stuck out his _______ (2 walk) stick, which almost tripped Mr. Li over. _______ (3 realize) the beggar was a disabled person, Mr. Li wanted to give him some money. So he took out a 100-yuan note, which was suddenly blown into the air by the wind. _______ (4 see) the 100-yuan note _______ (5 blow) into the air, the beggar jumped up quickly to run after the note, _______ (6 make) Mr. Li so _______ (7 surprise).
答案：
（A）1. writing 2. writing 3. held 4. following 5. telling 6. showing
7. describing 8. issued (被发行)
（B）1. paying 2. walking 3. Realizing 4. Seeing 5. blown
6. making 7. surprised
阶段测试
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. Generally speaking, the market has a rising _____________ (趋势).
2. He _____________ (提倡) rewarding the children for the good behavior.
3. His _____________ (漫不经心的) manner annoyed his girlfriend.
4. All our electrical goods are _________ (保证) against failure for one year.
5. Every time there is an outbreak of any infectious disease, people are _________ (惊慌) into
buying medicines they don’t need.
6. The school tries hard to treat pupils as individuals and to help each one to achieve their full ______(潜质).
7. For such an important problem, we shouldn’t decide it _____________ (random).
8. Jane is nice but she has a _____________ (tend) to talk too much.
9. Compared with Youth Digest, the magazine Readers has a much more d________ (diversity) and perhaps older readership.
10. I saw a ________ (shoot) star last night when I looked out of my window.
11. Unfortunately, many people are___________ (conscious) of the coming risk.
12. “Thunder _______” (anxious) is common among dogs, and some dogs tremble with fear under the owners’ bed during thunderstorms.
Ⅱ. 选词填空
consume, random, consequence, commitment, refresh, contribution
diverse, shoot, panic, bathe
1. I got into a _________ when I found the door was locked.
2. She was over the age limit; as a _________, her application was rejected.
3. She listened to the music with her face _________ in tears.
4. Because natural disasters occur at _________ times, it is difficult to warn people in advance.
5. It’s not the _________ alone that brings success but also the courage to believe in yourself.
6. Before he died he _________ a large quantity of alcohol.
7. The parents offered us _________ suggestions at the meeting, some of which were practical.
8. Cool drinks are _________ on a hot day.
9. He was _________ in the shoulder with an arrow.
10. His research _________ a lot to our understanding of this disease.
III. 用括号中所给的词的适当形式填空。
1. (2018 高考全国I卷) My ambassadorial duties will include ______ (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
2. She spent all her days ______ (study), not even ______ (take) time off on Sundays.
3. _______ (dress) in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
4. ______ (slip) out of the village in the dark, I headed for Xi’an.
5. _____ (suffer) such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.
6. After ______ (place) two tables together, he spread all the papers out on them.
7. With his son so ______ (disappoint)，the old man felt unhappy.
8. Her husband died in 1998, ______ (leave) her with nothing but 5 children.
9. Tom was very unhappy for ________ (not invite) to the party.
10. He didn't mind _______ (leave) at home, so we went to work.
IV. 翻译句子，注意用it。
1. 几千人花了许多年建造了长城。（take）
2. 我们认为每天打扫教室是我们的责任。（duty）
3. 如果你晚上给我回电话,我会非常感激。（appreciate）
4. 直到她摘下墨镜我才意识到她是一个著名的影星。（强调句）
5. 他来这里时已经五点了。
V. 完形填空
I couldn’t quite summon up (鼓起) the power of positive thinking Monday. I would be tied up in meetings the next two days and I was having serious doubts __1__ I’d be able to get everything done for the June issue deadline Thursday. At home Monday night, I sat down on my sofa with my __2__ after dinner and went back to work, virtually. I finished __3__ the last story for June, read it __4__ and hit save. “Now I can breathe a little easier”, I thought, feeling some of my __5__ return.
I clicked over to my email to __6__ the story to Keren, our copy chief, so she’d have it first in the __7__. Only I couldn’t. I'd __8__ my Internet connection. My digital cable modem, which __9__ has four blinking green lights, was unfavorably dark. I called the cable company’s 24–hour helpline. The technician tried several different ways to __10__ my modem remotely. Still nothing. “I have to __11__ you to a higher level of technical assistance,” he said, “and I’ll give you the __12__ appointment available Friday afternoon.” No __13__ for four days! There went my positive attitude.
More than I thought, as it turned out. Sure, I had to __14__ longer hours at the office since I couldn’t wrap up things from home. But when I left work, I could just __15__ and relax at home. I watched TV without feeling __16__ to catch up on emails or my coworkers’ blogs during advertising time. __17__ wandering the web and losing track of hours and hours, over those four days I made dinner from the very beginning, finished reading a(n) __18__, and even wrote some long overdue thank-you notes. I wouldn’t have if my modem hadn’t __19__. Being disconnected from the Internet __20__ made me feel more connected with what I was doing in the moment.
1. A. why B. whether C. when D. where
2. A. television B. camera C. cassette D. laptop
3. A. editing B. summarizing C. copying D. printing
4. A. on B. out C. over D. up
5. A. positivity B. attitude C. negativity D. courage
6. A. enjoy B. accept C. receive D. send
7. A. afternoon B. morning C. evening D. week
8. A. separated B. changed C.1ost D. repaired
9. A. usually B. hardly C. seldom D. often
10. A. retell B. review C. restart D. rearrange
11. A. remove B. transfer C. throw D. move
12. A. latest B. best C. worst D. earliest
13. A. Internet B. opportunity C. activity D. business
14. A. cost B. save C. spend D. waste
15. A. turn back B. sit back C. step back D.1ook back
16. A. astonished B. frightened C. embarrassed D. compelled
17. A. Instead of B. Except for C. In spite of D. According to
18. A. order B. humor C. novel D. joke
19. A. built B. died C. existed D. appeared
20. A. happily B. luckily C. sadly D. surprisingly
VI. 阅读理解
Sometimes children do not do what their parents tell them to do. When this happens，a parent tries to help the child to do the right thing. When this does not work，the parent usually punishes the child.
There are many things that a parent can do. One thing that people have done is to spank the child. When a parent spanks a child, they will use their hand or a hard object to strike them on the bottom. This means showing the child that they have done something wrong.
One parent remembers being spanked when he was a child. His parents used a wooden spoon. When he spanked his own children with his hand, he saw that he put a red mark on his child’s leg. He never did that again.
One problem with spanking is that it teaches the child to hit someone when they do not like what the other person is doing. Another problem with spanking is that the parent is usually angry and can hit the child too hard. Sometimes parents will use spanking for everything and not try other ways to get the child to do the right thing.
Many parents are not sure of what to do instead of spanking. Some people think that their religion tells them that spanking is okay. Some think that the law lets them do it.The courts(法院)say that parents have the right to teach their children how to behave.
Other things should be tried before a parent decides to spank a child.Telling the child exactly what is wanted from them can be one thing. Giving a child more than one choice is another thing that can be tried. Getting down to the child’s level and taking a more child-friendly approach can help as well.
1．According to the passage，when children do something wrong，one thing that parents usually do to punish them is to ________.
A. strike them on the bottom B.try to help them do the right thing
C. teach them what to do D. take them to court
2．Which of the following is NOT the problem caused by spanking?
A. It makes parents try other ways to make the child do right.
B. The parents may get angry and hit the child too hard.
C. Sometimes parents may use spanking for everything.
D. It teaches the child to hit others when they offend him or her.
3．Which of the following can best describe the writer’s attitude towards spanking?
A. Favorable B. Indifferent (不关心)
C. Interested D. Unfavorable
4．From this passage，we can conclude that__________.
A. good children always do the right thing
B. parents have no choice but to spank their children
C. parents should try their best to avoid spanking their children
D. children can have more than one choice to avoid being spanked
VII.语法填空
（2018 广东佛山期中联考）
Have you ever heard “Tuhao, let’s be friends?” Are you puzzled, 1_______ (wonder) what it means? Then you’re 2_______ (possible) out of date.
Nowadays, the Chinese words “tuhao” and “dama” have become so familiar with many Chinese people that they often play jokes 3_______ each other when chatting about the daily life. For example, if you take out your new 4_______(fashion) mobile phone, your naughty friends may call you “tuhao”, laughing loudly and happily.
Amazingly, two wildly popular words have also become hot words in English. The BBC recently has produced a program to introduce “tuhao”, 5_______ can be translated into “new money(暴发户)” in English on the Internet.
Besides, The Wall Street Journal has also borrowed “dama” from the Chinese pinyin 6_______(describe) bargain-hunting middle-aged Chinese women, 7_______(call) “a force in the global gold market”. 8_______(expert) say the Chinese language’s influence on English will continue during 9_______ entire 21 century, so 10_______ is expected that “tuhao” will be welcomed by the Oxford University Press to appear in the new word lists.
VIII.书面表达
母亲节和父亲节来临之际，人们总会利用这样的机会向自己的父母表达对他们的爱，以及对他们的感恩之情。可是，如今社会上有些人缺乏应有的感恩之心，少数人甚至在父母年老体弱时都不愿意赡养。
请你结合自己的实际谈谈：
1. 父母值得你感恩的地方，请用实例说明；
2. 将来你会做些什么来报答父母的养育之恩。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
答案与解析：
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. trend / tendency 2. advocates/advocated 3. casual 4. guaranteed 5. panicked
6. potential 7. randomly 8. tendency 9. diverse 10. shooting
11. unconscious 12. anxiety
Ⅱ. 选词填空
1. panic 2. consequence 3. bathed 4. random 5. commitment 6. had consumed
7. diverse 8. refreshing 9. shot 10. has contributed
III. 用括号中所给的词的适当形式填空。
1. introducing 2. studying; taking 3. Dressed 4. Slipping 5. Having suffered
6. placing 7. disappointing 8. leaving 9. not having been invited 10. being left
IV. 翻译句子
1. It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.
2. We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.
3. I would appreciate it if you call me back this evening.
4. It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
5. It was 5 o’clock when he came here.
V. 完形填空
1. B。根据句中的动词doubts可知，“我”怀疑是否(whether)能在截止日期前把一切事情做好。
2. D。联系下文中的hit save(点保存)等信息可知，晚饭后，作者坐在笔记本电脑 (laptop)旁边。
3. A。由本句中的 the last story等语境可知，此处指“编辑完最后一篇故事”。
4. C。作者读完(read over)了一遍，然后点击保存。此处描述连续发生的动作。
5. A。作者应该做的事情做完了，所以能喘口气了，感到积极性(positivity)又回来了。attitude“态度”；negativity“消极性”；courage“勇气”。
6. D。第一段提到写完了故事，所以此时作者想通过电子邮件把故事发(send)给Keren。
7. B。根据上文中的Monday night可知，此处指第二天早晨(morning)。
8. C。下文中的“My digital cable modem, which…has four blinking green lights, was unfavorably dark.”说明，作者失去(lost) 了网络连接，即断网了。
9. A。如果网络正常连接的话，数字调制解调器通常(usually)有四个绿灯闪亮。
10. C。网络断开了，技术人员尝试了多种办法试图重新启动(restart)调制解调器。
11. B。句意：我不得不让你接受更高水平的技术援助。其中transfer是及物动词，有“调动，调换”之意。
12. D。下文中的“There went my positive attitude．”说明作者的心情，可见技术人员最早 (earliest)给作者约定修理的时间是在周五下午。
13. A。暂时没法连接网络，所以此处的语境是“四天没有网络!”。
14. C。作者不得不在办公室里度过(spend)更多的时间，因为不能把事情带回家做。其他选项不合语境。
15. B。家里没有网络，所以作者只好在家闲着(sit back)。turn back“转身”。
16. D。家里的网络没有修好，所以作者看电视，而不用被迫(compelled)处理电子邮件。
17. A。作者不能在家里工作了，所以不是(Instead of)浏览网页让大量的时间流逝，而是做做饭、读读书。
18. C。在这四天里，作者在家里做饭，阅读了一部小说(novel)，此处叙述在没有网络的情况下作者的生活。
19. B。如果不是调制解调器崩溃(died)，作者也就做不了这些事情了，此处是对上文的总结
20. D。在作者看来，没有网络，他却做了好多有意义的事情，所以网络断开使作者出乎意料地(surprisingly)感到和更多的东西产生了联系。
VI. 阅读理解
1．A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段的句子“When a parent spanks a child, they will use their hand or a hard object to strike them on the bottom.”可知，当孩子做错事，父母惩罚孩子通常做的事情是打他们的屁股。故选A。
2．A。细节理解题。根据文章第四段的句子“Sometimes parents will use spanking for everything and not try other ways to get the child to do the right thing.”可知，打孩子的一个问题是，父母就不会寻求其他方法让孩子做正确的事情了。故选A。
3．D。观点态度题。根据文章第四段的句子“One problem with spanking is that it teaches the child to hit someone when they do not like what the other person is doing. Another problem with spanking is that the parent is usually angry and can hit the child too hard.”可知，作者认为打孩子存在很多问题，也就是作者不赞同打孩子。故选D。
4．C。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的句子“Other things should be tried before a parent decides to spank a child.”可知，父母应该尽量避免打孩子。故选C。
VII.语法填空
1. wondering 2. possibly 3. on 4. fashionable 5. which
6. to describe 7. called 8. Experts 9. the 10. it
VIII. 书面表达
I’m very grateful to my parents because they give me not only endless love but also help. From the day I was born, I was a sickly child. I was always ill in hospital, which made my parents seriously worried. In order to strengthen my body, my parents made up their mind to run with me every day whether it was windy or rainy. With their help, I have grown into a strong and healthy student. Besides, my parents understand my academic stress and often communicate with me and offer words of encouragement. What I should do now is to study hard. When I grow up, I will try my best to make my parents live a happy life.