（人教版）必修5 Unit 1 Great Scientists话题语言应用——科学家与科学工作及练习
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| 名称 | （人教版）必修5 Unit 1 Great Scientists话题语言应用——科学家与科学工作及练习 |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-07-26 22:32:57 | ||
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话题语言应用——科学家与科学工作
语言积累
交际用语
Ⅰ. 讨论有关科学工作
What kind of scientific job do you want to do? 你想做什么样的科学工作？
What personality will be needed? 需要什么样的个性？
What work experience would be useful? 需要什么样工作经验呢？
Why are you so interested in this job? 你为什么对这个工作这么感兴趣呢?
How long will the training take? 这项训练需要多长时间？
What education will you need? 你们需要什么样的教育背景呢？
How will you prepare for this career? 你怎样为这个职业做准备呢？
Ⅱ．描述人物
How will I recognize you? 我怎样认出你？
What will you wear? 你将穿什么样的衣服？
How will I know you? 我怎样认出你？
What do you look like? 你长什么样？
What special features do you have? 你外貌有什么特殊之处吗？
You can recognize me because.... 你可以认出我，因为.....
I’m tall/ short, fat/thin, young/ old with... 我高/矮，胖/瘦，年轻/老迈，带/穿着......
I have large/ small, brown/ green/ black eyes with...
我有大的/小的，棕色的/ 绿色/黑色的眼睛，带着......
话题词句
Ⅰ．描写人的外貌、性格、品质的词汇：
brave 勇敢的 cautious 谨慎的 confident 自信的
co-operative 合作的 creative 有创造性的 determined 坚定的
energetic 精力充沛的 enthusiastic 满腔热情的 expert 内行的
hardworking 工作努力的 patient 耐心的 pleasant 令人愉快的，友善的 polite 有礼貌的，客气的 positive 积极的 revolutionary 创新的
severe 严厉的 strict 严格的 be strict with 对……严格的
Ⅱ. 有关科学研究的短语：
scientific research 科学研究 set out a new scientific idea 开创新科学观点
find a problem 发现问题 make a question 设定疑问
collect results 收集结果 analyse results 分析结果
think of a method 考虑有关理论
find supporting evidence 找到支持的证据
Ⅲ. 课文重点句----- 试试你会了吗？
1. 是谁用豌豆来演示身体特征是如何由父母传给子女的？
Who used peas to show _____________________________ from parents to their children?
2. 谁提出了黑洞理论？
Who _______________________________?
3. 约翰·斯诺是伦敦著名的医生——他的确太内行了，以至于作为维多利亚女皇的私人医生照料她。 John Snow was a famous doctor in London —__________, indeed, ____________ Queen Victoria as her personal physician.
4. 约翰·斯诺想面对挑战，解决问题。
John Snow wanted ________________________ this problem.
5. 他决心查出原因。
He _________________________.
6. 他没有预见到这一点，所以做了进一步的调查。
He had not ____________, so he _____________________.
7. 似乎罪魁祸首是水了。
It seemed that _______________________.
8. 有一位妇女......特别喜欢那里的水，每天都派人从水泵打水运到她家。
A woman, ..., liked the water from the pump ______________________her house every day.
9. 约翰·斯诺就能够肯定地宣布被污染的水带有病毒。
John Snow ___________________________ that _______________ carried the virus.
10. 自来水公司接到指令，不让人们再接触被污染的水了。
The water companies _______________________________ polluted water any more.
11. 虽然他设法忽视这些，但是所有的数学计算都得出同一结论......
Although he had __________ them, all his mathematical calculations________________...
12. 他的朋友们很热情，鼓励他发表他的观点。
His friends _______________ and _________________ his ideas.
参考答案：
1. how physical characteristics are passed
2. put forward a theory about black holes
3. so expert; that he attended
4. to face the challenge and solve
5. was determined to find out why
6. foreseen this; made further investigations
7. the water was to blame
8. so much that she had it delivered to
9. was able to announce with certainty; polluted water
10. were instructed not to expose people to
11. tried to ignore; led to the same conclusion
12. were enthusiastic; encouraged him to publish
写作运用
劝告信的写法
1. 写信的目的:
劝告信是写信人就相关事件表达观点，说服别人信服你的观点，采取行动的信件。
2. 收信人：
日常的劝告信可以写给各种收信人，包括企业、政府官员、父母、学校的人事部门等。这些信件既可能是对提交的法规表示赞同或反对，也可能是用新产品替换缺陷产品的要求。
3. 劝告信的特点：
一封好的劝告信应该：
清晰、简洁地说明情况；
提供详尽的细节来支持你的观点；
要用逻辑清楚的信息来说明观点；
明确说明你期望的结果和执行的建议。
4. 写信准备：
考虑三个问题：
1）信是写给谁的？
2）你想让他们做什么？
3）让他们同意你的观点的原因。
5. 写信
1）你要记住的第一件事是你和收信人是同一边的。也就是说你要对方明白你是为了他的利益考虑，而不是采取敌对态度。
2）记住你是对谁说话，你对一个CEO说话与对一个管道工说话的方式是不一样的。
3）要提及双方都认同的事情，让他们知道做这个决定是正确的。
6. 润色和检查：
1）在信末要确定有要求处理的诉求。
2）再次检查你的信中有正确的地址、合适的致意和信尾签名。如果是正式信件，要有写信人的手写签名。
常用表达句型
1. 开头
I’m writing this letter to share with you what I think about the matter.
我写信来说说我对此事的看法。
I am writing to express my idea concerning/ for the purpose of… 我写信想表达我对......的想法/为了......
I know you have trouble in ... after reading your letter. 读了你的信，我知道你在......方面有了麻烦。
I am very pleased to write this letter of recommendation to support his application.
我很高兴写这封推荐信，为他的申请助一臂之力。
I am very delighted to have been asked to write this letter of recommendation for ...
我非常高兴应.......之邀写这封推荐信。
I am writing to complain about... 我写此信投诉有关......
2. 信中
I feel something should be done about... 我觉得应该对......采取措施。
I had enough opportunities to observe him in many ways. 我有很多机会在各方面观察他。
3. 信尾
I feel that it would be beneficial if… 我感觉如果......会是有利的。
I would be ready to discuss this matter to further details. 我会很愿意进一步讨论此事。
I would appreciate it greatly if you kindly take him into consideration for admission. 如果你考虑他的入学申请，我将不胜感激。
I will be more than happy to see improvements in this regard.
如果看到这一点有所改进，我会很高兴的。
Please give this matter your immediate attention. 亟待您的关注。
Thank you for your time and kind consideration.
谢谢你在百忙之中抽时间考虑我的申请/要求。
写作范文：
Example 1
Mrs. Hanley:
As a resident of Woodlawn Acres, you may have noticed that our subdivision(分支) sign is in need of serious repairs.? For some time now it’s been overgrown with weeds.? I’ve recently decided it needs some attention or possibly an entirely new design.
Enclosed is a proposed redevelopment design for the entrance to our subdivision.?The estimated cost is about $600 which would include plant and building materials, and ground preparations.?
I’m asking for a small contribution, whether it is to help cover the cost of the project or if it’s only an hour spent to aid in the construction process.
As a landscape architecture student, I’ve learned how important it is to establish a mood and the overall sense of an entrance when introducing a new space.? I feel the people of this community, together with this new design will help give to our neighborhood the only component it lacks.
Thank you for your help.
Sincerely,??
Peggy Hill? ??
Example 2
Dear Mr. O'Neal,
Recently, your mail carrier, Mr. Johnson, has been unable to deliver mail to your address because of your Doberman Pinscher.? Mr. Johnson has made several attempts to deliver your mail but was unsuccessful because of your dog, who approached him and barked ferociously at him every time he entered the yard.? Because we have been unable to deliver your mail, we have been holding your mail here at the post office.? You can stop in during business hours to pick it up.? Our business hours are from:
Monday – Friday??? -- 9:00 a.m. – 4:00 p.m.? Saturday – Sunday -- 9:00 a.m. – 4:00 p.m.
? We would like to restore home delivery to your address as soon as possible.? Please help us by doing one of the following:
Keep your dog inside during normal delivery time.?
Chain your dog up during normal delivery time.?
Relocate your mailbox near your front gate rather than on your front porch.
Please contact us once this situation has been resolved, and we will be able to restore home delivery to your address.? The office number is (225) 555-6585.Your cooperation is appreciated.?
Sincerely, ??
Timothy Thurman?
Customer Service?
Example 3
This is an excellent example of a letter of recommendation. The writer is particularly good at incorporating specific examples to support his praise of the job candidate.
Dear Mr. Shields:
John Smith has applied for entrance to the Louisiana State University MBA program beginning fall 2004.? I have known John personally for 15 years and professionally for 5.? During this period, I have watched him mature, develop promising leadership skills and gain in his business acumen.? I believe John is a person of high character and a very worthy candidate for business school.
John joined our bank five years ago as a Junior Credit Analyst.? Since then, he has risen to the position of Assistant Vice President of Commercial Loans.? John has done an excellent job of developing organizational skills and has worked with all levels of management, including our CEO.? One of his major contributions to our bank involved our credit application process.? John felt there were too many steps in applying for a loan with our bank.? He studied the application process thoroughly and was able to cut it from 10 steps to 5, without exposing the bank to additional risk.? His innovation saves time and frustration for the customer and also saves the bank money.? ??
John has proven an ability to work well with his peers.?He was selected Loan Officer of the Month five times by his coworkers and our bank has received numerous letters of thanks from his customers.?
Along with being an active corporate citizen, John gives freely of his time to the community.? He is a member of several civic groups including Habitat for Humanity, United Way and Young Leadership Council (YLC).? John most recently chaired the membership committee for YLC.? Under his direction, new membership in YLC increased 15%!
As you can see, I think very highly of this young man and recommend him without reservation.? Please do not hesitate to contact me with any questions.
Sincerely,
Frederick B. Alexius, Jr.
VP Loan Approval
(225) 555 5555 ext. 12
■
课本写作范文：
Dear Nicolaus Copernicus,
I am a student studying astronomy and I would very much like to read your new theory about the solar system. I hope you will publish it for several reasons.
I understand the problems with the present theory. The way the planets move is not what you would expect if the earth was the centre of the universe. It is also odd that the brightness of some stars seems to change. So I agree with you that we need a new theory.
I know your observations have been very carefully carried out over many years. Now you must have the courage to publish them. Science can never advance unless people have the courage of their beliefs. I know you worry about what will happen if you publish your new theory. No matter how people oppose it, time will show whether your ideas are right or wrong.
So I hope you will feel you can publish your new theory.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
巩固练习
一、单项选择
1. My uncle thought highly of the painting, but to Mr. Brown’s _________ eye, the painting was terrible.
A. eager B. extra C. excited D. expert
2. Don’t say any more; we all believe the facts more than your words. What you have explained doesn’t make ________.
A. sense B. fun C. use D. meaning
3. In the following two hours, he was ________ the performance, because it turned out to be as wonderful as he had expected.
A. tired of B. absorbed in C. annoyed with D. concerned about
4. My grandfather is too old to care for himself, so my mother is looking for someone to ________ him.
A. treat B. cure C. attend D. examine
5. Not I but Tom ________ the car accident. Why should I pay the fine?
A. was to blame for B. were to blame for C. was blamed for D. were blamed for
6. The boy made _______ little progress ________ his parents felt disappointed.
A. such; that B. so; that C. such; as D. so; as
7. No one has _______ anything better than the plan now under consideration.
A. put toward B. come up C. put forward D. come up to
8. The wolf said in such a ________ voice that the girl felt _________ and began to tremble.
A. frightening; frightened B. frightened; frightening
C. frighten; frightening D. frightening; frightening
9. To our surprise, the man, who was looked down upon by others in the past, is now _________ the whole project.
A. beyond control B. in control of C. out of control D. losing control of
10. There was an ________ expression on his face when the famous actress appeared.
A. excited B. excite C. exciting D. excitement
11. The problem ________ so quickly last night will not be set again.
A. having been settled B. settle C. be settled D. settled
12. Potatoes turn green when ________ to sunlight.
A. exposing B. exposed C. expose D. to expose
13. The ________ price will save you one dollar for each dozen.
A. reduce B. reducing C. reduced D. reduces
14. “Things _______ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself.
A. lost B. losing C. to lose D. have lost
15. Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decision _______?
A. taking B. take C. taken D. to take
二、完形填空
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。
One of the most remarkable things about the human mind is our ability to imagine the future．In our 1 we can see what has not yet happened．For example，while we are looking forward to 2 a new place or country，we 3 what it will be like．We predict(预料) the 4 people will eat，dress and act．Of course，we do not always predict things 5 ．Things are often very different from the way we 6 them to be．
One of the 7 dreams in history is the dream of the German scientist，Kekule，who had been 8 to work out a very difficult problem in physics．He had 9 and analyzed the problem from every angle for days，but there 10 to be no way of 11 out the answer．Then one night he went to bed and dreamed．When he 12 up，he realized that he knew the answer．He had solved the problem in his 13 ．
The hypnotist(催眠者) sat in the chair opposite him and spoke 14 ：I want you concentrate on my voice．Think about 15 ．You know nothing but my voice．And as you pay attention to my voice，your 16 will get heavier．Soon you’ll be asleep．
You will hear my voice and 17 my words，but your body will be asleep，your eyes are too heavy．You are 18 asleep，and when you wake up you will 19 nothing．
You will forget everything．Now I am going to 20 slowly from one to five．One，two，three，four，five．
1．A．brains B．senses C．minds D．sights
2．A．visiting B．seeking C．reaching D．discovering
3．A．imagine B．know C．feel D．guess
4．A．custom B．habit C．style D．way
5．A．quickly B．simply C．correctly D．neatly
6．A．required B．wished C．left D．expected
7．A．funny B．dull C．famous D．silly
8．A．managing B．trying C．thinking D．hoping
9．A．studied B．learned C．discussed D．researched
10．A．used B．ought C．seemed D．had
11．A．making B．finding C．turning D．letting
12．A．gave B．sat C．woke D．got
13．A．dream B．lesson C．research D．exercise
14．A．softly B．loudly C．slowly D．firmly
15．A．everything B．something C．nothing D．anything
16．A．eyes B．feet C．head D．body
17．A．believe B．respect C．take D．understand
18．A．really B．extremely C．actually D．almost
19．A．accept B．remember C．hear D．receive
20．A．count B．say C．add D．speak
三、阅读理解
阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
“Life is speeding up．Everyone is getting unwell．”
This may sound like something someone would say today．But in fact，an unknown citizen who lived in Rome in AD 53 wrote it．
We all love new inventions．They are exciting，amazing and can change our lives．
Picture this：You’re rushing to finish your homework on the computer．Your mobile phone tings，a QQ message from your friend appears on the screen，and the noise from the television is getting louder and louder．Suddenly the computer goes blank and you lose all your work．Now you have to stay up all night to get it done．How calm and happy do you feel?
Inventions have speeded up our lives so much that they often leave us feeling stressed and tired．Why do you think people who live far away from noisy cities，who have no telephones，no cars，not even any electricity often seem to be happier? Perhaps because they lead simple lives．
One family in the UK went “back in time” to see what life was like without all the inventions we have today．The grandparents with their daughter，and grandsons Benjamin，10 and Tomas，7，spent nine weeks in a 1940s house．They had no washing machine，microwave，computer or mobile phone．
The grandmother Lyn，said，“It was hard physically．But not mentally．”She believed life was less materialistic．“The more things you have，the more difficult life becomes，”she said．The boys said they fought less．Probably，they said，because there was less to fight over，such as their computer．Also Lyn changed from being a“fashionable，beer-drinking granny，to one who cooked things”．
Here are some simple ways to beat the stress often caused by our inventions!
Don’t be available all the time．Turn off your mobile phone at certain times of the day．
Don’t check your emails every day．
Don’t reply to somebody as soon as they leave a text message just because you can．It may be fun at first，but it soon gets annoying．
1．The passage is mainly about ____________．
A．problems with technology
B．improvement of our life with technology
C．the important roles technology plays in our everyday life
D．major changes which will be likely to happen to technology
2．The writer quoted (引用) what a citizen in ancient Rome said at the beginning of the story in order to ________．
A．share a truth about life
B．tell us what life was like a long time ago
C．make us wonder what causes such a thing to happen
D．point out that you experience some big problems and they may be the same
3．Why did the family choose to spend some time in a 1940s house?
A．Because they loved to live without feeling stressed and tired．
B．Because they were curious about how people lived without modern inventions．
C．Because they were troubled by modern inventions．
D．Because living in a different time would be a lot of fun for them．
4．What do you think the underlined word“available”in the first suggestion offered by the writer means?
A．Busy on time． B．Free to have a rest．
C．Be able to． D．To be found by others．
四、选词填空。
in need of，deliver，approach，make attempts to，contact，apply for, rather than
contribution, think highly of, hesitate to
1. It’s well-known that he has made an important _________ to the company's success.
2. We _____________ their research in this field, so we hope they can succeed in time.
3. She graduated with high enough marks __________ university.
4. The young man, ____________ several ___________ beat the world record in high jumping, decided to have another try.
5. The earthquake victims are ______ great ___________ medical care.
6. It is not allowed ____________ the chemical lab without permission.
7. We were told the pizza would ____________ in 20 minutes.
8. This morning I have tried every way possible ____________ her, but failed.
9. Do not ___________ laugh at anything you find amusing.
10. We will have the meeting in the classroom ____________ in the great hall.
五、语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在标有1～10的空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
(1)
A few days ago I landed at the Bombay Airport in India and took a cab to my destination in South Bombay. I was enjoying the busy traffic with people rushing in every possible ___1___ (direct) when we got stuck at a very busy crossroads.
As we waited for the signal to turn green, my eyes met up with 2 poor young boy, about 12 years old. He removed a piece of bread from his pocket and took a bite. As he was about ___3___ (take) his next bite, a dog wagged (摇) his tail looking at him. 4 hesitation (犹豫), he sat down and put the bread on the road for the dog to eat. The dog sniffed the bread and walked away. The boy waited 5 he was sure the dog was gone, and then he picked up the bread and ate it!
My heart 6 (cry) and wanted to walk up to the boy, 7 before I could open the door the signal turned green and our car drove away. I kept thinking about the boy. Later, during my evening meal, I realized that I was thinking of approaching the boy but never did. I could have stopped the car and walked up to 8 , which again I never did.
This poor little boy 9 had only one piece of bread shared 10 immediately with the dog, though he himself seemed to be very hungry.
(2)
What can keep your brain young and active? Marie Pasinski, 1 doctor from Massachusetts General Hospital, says, “New experiences as well as a good snack.”
The next time you feel 2 (bore) at the pool, play a board game or cards. Exercising your mind with a challenging game that requires brainpower, 3 chess or bridge (桥牌), is more than just fun. These types of games are so interesting 4 they can build up working memory. Traveling, especially in the places where English isn’t spoken, can make you 5___ (smart) and more intelligent. There is a great deal of recent research proving its benefits.
6 the other hand, eat more nuts! Not only are nuts the perfect snack for a summer road trip, they also keep your mind sharp. Some nuts are rich in magnesium (镁), 7 can improve learning skills and memory of mice. The research 8 (publish) in the Journal Neuron last month. Another study at New York State Institute also proved the point, 9___ (show) that mice who ate nuts made improvements in learning, memory, emotional regulation and movements, compared with 10 who didn’t ate nuts.
六、书面表达
假如你是李华。你的美国笔友Harry近日写信告诉你他认为学校举办的科学讲座太枯燥，不想参加。请根据以下要点提示，给他写一封信，劝他多听一些这方面的讲座。
要点如下：
1. 学校提供了一个接触科技的好机会，应该好好把握；
2. 他平时对科学很感兴趣，可以搜集一些学生比较喜欢的话题推荐给学校；
3. 可以了解更多的科学知识，对自己的生活也有帮助。
注意：
1. 词数：100左右（文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Harry,
How are you? _______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
答案与解析
一、单项选择
1. D。expert 内行的，经验丰富的；extra 额外的；eager 渴望的。句意：我叔叔高度评价那幅画，但是以布朗先生内行的眼光看，那幅画太差了。
2. A。句意：不要再说了，我们更相信事实而不是你的话。你的解释说不通。make sense 说得通；make fun of 取笑； make use of 利用。
3. B。从下文可知，表演像他期待的那样精彩，所以他被节目吸引了。be absorbed in 专心致志于，被吸引于。be tired of 厌倦......；be annoyed with 生......的气；be concerned about 关心，挂念。
4. C。attend 照顾；treat 对待，治疗；cure 治愈；examine 仔细检查。因为祖父年纪大了，要找人照顾，而不是找医生治疗、检查等。
5. A。be to blame 应受责备；be blamed for 因......被责备。从下文需要付罚款可知，说话人在争辩谁应该为此事负责，所以选A。
6. B。many，much，little，few加名词要用so修饰，而不可数名词progress需用much/little修饰，表示很大/小的进步，因为little此处不表示“体积或年龄小”，而指“数量少”，所以用so。
7. C。句意：没有人提出比现在考虑中的更好的计划了。put forward 提出；come up 发生；come up to 达到。
8. A。狼说话的声音是让别人害怕的，指性质，用-ing形式作定语；女孩儿感到害怕，指内心的感觉，用-ed形式作定语。
9. B。in control of 在......的控制中；beyond control 无法控制；out of control 失去控制（介词短语）；lose control of 失去......的控制（动词短语）。句意：我们很吃惊，那个人过去别人都瞧不起，现在却控制着整个工程。
10. A。明星出现了，他感到很激动，而内心的感觉在脸上流露出来，因此用-ed形式修饰expression（表情），表示“（感到）激动的表情”。
11. D。因句子已经有了谓语will not be set（设定），settle要用非谓语动词作定语，排除B、C；问题是被解决的，虽然settle在谓语动作前完成，但不能用A，因为现在分词的完成式不能作限制性定语。
12. B。句意：土豆被暴露在阳光下会变绿。 when后省略了they are，因为状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，从句的谓语是be，所以可以省略。expose与“Potatoes”是被动关系，因此用过去分词与省略的are一起构成被动语态。
13. C。价格是人为减少的，所以reduce（减少）与其被修饰词price是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。句意：这次降价每一打会为你节省一美元。
14. A。 因为句子已经有谓语come，所以lose应用非谓语形式，排除D。lose与所修饰词things是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语，选A。句意：我禁不住自语到：“失去的东西永远也回不来了。”
15. C。take a decision意为“做出决定”，即take和decision是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。句意：既然我们讨论了问题，人们对所做的决定还满意吗？
二、完形填空
1．C。从上句“人脑 (human mind) 最值得称道的方面之一是我们想象未来的能力。”可知。
2．A。我们对一个新地方或新国家的渴望的是“游览”，而不是“寻找（seek）、发现（discover）或者“到达”那一刻。
3．A。此段首句已经说明我们在头脑中“想象”要发生的事，所以当我们渴望游览某地时，一定是“想象”那个地方的样子，与下文“predict”呼应。
4．D。the way people will eat，dress and act 指人们吃饭、穿衣、举止的方式，the way后省略了关系代词in which/ that；custom 风俗，指特定区域、特定人群沿革下来的风气、礼节、习惯等的总称，此处词义过大；habit 一般指某人长时间做某事的固定方式，此处词义过小；style 风格、格调，指特定时期、特定时期典型的行事、设计或生产等的特殊方式，不合题意。
5．C。下文“Things are often very different from the way”表明作者想告诉我们想象并不总是正确。
6．D。expect 期待，预料，与前文中imagine对应。句意：事情经常与我们的期待的样子很不一样。
7．C。从下文介绍的梦境可知这个梦不是可笑的（funny）、晦暗/呆笨的（dull），也不是愚蠢的（silly），所以选C（著名的）。
8．B。try to do sth. 设法去做某事；manage to do 设法去做而且做成了某事。此处不提及结果，所以用try。
9．A。study 研究，指为了进一步了解而长时间地认真观察、检验某物；learn 学会；research 探讨，研究，指为了发现新现象、验证新思想而对一主题进行详细研究，不适合此句中为了一个具体问题的具体研究。
10．C。句意：似乎没有找到答案的方法了。used to (do) 过去常常；ought to 应该。
11．B。find out 弄明白，查清楚。从上题解析中的句意可知。 make out 辨认出，了解，填写（表格）；turn out 结果是；let out 泄露，放出。
12．C。wake up 醒来，指从前面所说梦境中醒来就意识到了他发现了答案，而不是在之后的坐起来或起床后。give up 放弃；sit up 熬夜，坐起。
13．A。从上文可知，是在梦中解决了难题。
14．A。催眠人说话一定是很轻柔（softly）了。
15．C。从下句“You know nothing but my voice．”可知。
16．A。要睡着了当然是眼皮开始重了，要睁不开了。从下段第一句也可以看出。
17．D。句意：你会听见我的声音而且明白我的话。因为被催眠人要听催眠人的指令，所以要明白催眠人的意思。
18．D。被催眠不是真正的睡眠，因为如果真的睡着了，他就对催眠人的指令没有反应了，所以really（确实地）和actually （实际上）不合题意。extremely 极端地。
19．B。从下文“You will forget everything．”可知。
20．A。count 数数。say后直接接所说内容作宾语，如say hello，而from one to five是个范围，不是宾语。
三、阅读理解
1．A。主旨大意题。本文主要描述了科学技术的发展带来的问题，如生活速度加快，人的心理压力加大等，所以选A。B项：科技对生活的提高；C项：科技在我们日常生活中的重要角色；D项：科技可能发生的重大变化。
2．A。考查对作者意图的理解。作者引用古罗马的一个人的说法，让我们了解了有关生活的一个真相。但是它不能告诉我们以前的生活是什么样子。
3．B。细节理解题。从“One family in the UK went “back in time” to see what life was like without all the inventions we have today．”可知。
4．D。从下文“Turn off your mobile phone at certain times of the day．”可知，作者建议在一天的某些时候关掉手机，目的是不要总让别人找到你。
四、选词填空
1. contribution 2. think highly of 3. to apply for 4. having made; attempts to
5. in need of 6. to approach 7. be delivered 8. to contact
9. hesitate to 10. rather than
五、语法填空
（1）
作者看到一个小男孩毫不犹豫地将自己唯一的一片面包分给小狗，随后反思自己不能把爱心付之行动。
1. direction。根据句意和本空前的in every可知，此处用所给单词的名词单数形式，表示”方向”。
2. a。由于第一次提到小男孩，故用不定冠词。
3. to take。be about to do sth.意为”正要做某事”。
4. Without。此处填介词Without，Without hesitation意为”毫不犹豫”。
5. until/till。此处用连词until或till引导一个表示时间的状语从句，意为”直到”。
6. cried。此处用所给动词的一般过去时，表示发生在过去的事情。
7. but。根据文章内容可知，本空前后构成转折关系，故填连词but。
8. him。此处填人称代词宾格him，指代the boy。
9. who。此处用关系代词who引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词boy。
10. it。此处用代词it代指前面的一片面包。
（2）
如何让大脑年轻而活跃？答案就是多多锻炼脑力，并且多吃坚果。
1. a。此处填不定冠词，表泛指。
2. bored。根据句子含义可知，此处需要填bored，表示”感觉无聊的”。
3. like。此处用介词like引出要举的例子。
4. that。此处填that，构成so+ adj./adv. + that句式。
5. smarter。此处需用形容词的比较级形式与后面的more intelligent构成并列关系。
6. On。此处是on the other hand，意为”另一方面”。
7. which。本句是一个非限定性定语从句，填which，代替上文的magnesium (镁)在从句中做主语。
8. was published。此处需要谓语动词且为一般过去时的被动语态，填was published。
9. showing。根据句子结构可知，此处需用所给动词的现在分词形式作状语。
10. those。此处填代词those，指代与前面出现的mice的同一类事物，即没有吃坚果的老鼠。
六、书面表达
Dear Harry,
How are you?
I have received your last letter. In your letter, you told me that you don’t like the science lectures in your school.
In my point of view, you should attend such lectures. Firstly, it is a good opportunity to learn about science in school. Secondly, as far as I know, you are interested in science. You can collect some interesting topics and recommend them to your school. Last but not least, by going to more science lectures, you can know the latest developments in science and technology. After all, our life is closely linked to the development of science and technology. These things should be helpful to you.
Give it a try — I think you will enjoy them.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
语言积累
交际用语
Ⅰ. 讨论有关科学工作
What kind of scientific job do you want to do? 你想做什么样的科学工作？
What personality will be needed? 需要什么样的个性？
What work experience would be useful? 需要什么样工作经验呢？
Why are you so interested in this job? 你为什么对这个工作这么感兴趣呢?
How long will the training take? 这项训练需要多长时间？
What education will you need? 你们需要什么样的教育背景呢？
How will you prepare for this career? 你怎样为这个职业做准备呢？
Ⅱ．描述人物
How will I recognize you? 我怎样认出你？
What will you wear? 你将穿什么样的衣服？
How will I know you? 我怎样认出你？
What do you look like? 你长什么样？
What special features do you have? 你外貌有什么特殊之处吗？
You can recognize me because.... 你可以认出我，因为.....
I’m tall/ short, fat/thin, young/ old with... 我高/矮，胖/瘦，年轻/老迈，带/穿着......
I have large/ small, brown/ green/ black eyes with...
我有大的/小的，棕色的/ 绿色/黑色的眼睛，带着......
话题词句
Ⅰ．描写人的外貌、性格、品质的词汇：
brave 勇敢的 cautious 谨慎的 confident 自信的
co-operative 合作的 creative 有创造性的 determined 坚定的
energetic 精力充沛的 enthusiastic 满腔热情的 expert 内行的
hardworking 工作努力的 patient 耐心的 pleasant 令人愉快的，友善的 polite 有礼貌的，客气的 positive 积极的 revolutionary 创新的
severe 严厉的 strict 严格的 be strict with 对……严格的
Ⅱ. 有关科学研究的短语：
scientific research 科学研究 set out a new scientific idea 开创新科学观点
find a problem 发现问题 make a question 设定疑问
collect results 收集结果 analyse results 分析结果
think of a method 考虑有关理论
find supporting evidence 找到支持的证据
Ⅲ. 课文重点句----- 试试你会了吗？
1. 是谁用豌豆来演示身体特征是如何由父母传给子女的？
Who used peas to show _____________________________ from parents to their children?
2. 谁提出了黑洞理论？
Who _______________________________?
3. 约翰·斯诺是伦敦著名的医生——他的确太内行了，以至于作为维多利亚女皇的私人医生照料她。 John Snow was a famous doctor in London —__________, indeed, ____________ Queen Victoria as her personal physician.
4. 约翰·斯诺想面对挑战，解决问题。
John Snow wanted ________________________ this problem.
5. 他决心查出原因。
He _________________________.
6. 他没有预见到这一点，所以做了进一步的调查。
He had not ____________, so he _____________________.
7. 似乎罪魁祸首是水了。
It seemed that _______________________.
8. 有一位妇女......特别喜欢那里的水，每天都派人从水泵打水运到她家。
A woman, ..., liked the water from the pump ______________________her house every day.
9. 约翰·斯诺就能够肯定地宣布被污染的水带有病毒。
John Snow ___________________________ that _______________ carried the virus.
10. 自来水公司接到指令，不让人们再接触被污染的水了。
The water companies _______________________________ polluted water any more.
11. 虽然他设法忽视这些，但是所有的数学计算都得出同一结论......
Although he had __________ them, all his mathematical calculations________________...
12. 他的朋友们很热情，鼓励他发表他的观点。
His friends _______________ and _________________ his ideas.
参考答案：
1. how physical characteristics are passed
2. put forward a theory about black holes
3. so expert; that he attended
4. to face the challenge and solve
5. was determined to find out why
6. foreseen this; made further investigations
7. the water was to blame
8. so much that she had it delivered to
9. was able to announce with certainty; polluted water
10. were instructed not to expose people to
11. tried to ignore; led to the same conclusion
12. were enthusiastic; encouraged him to publish
写作运用
劝告信的写法
1. 写信的目的:
劝告信是写信人就相关事件表达观点，说服别人信服你的观点，采取行动的信件。
2. 收信人：
日常的劝告信可以写给各种收信人，包括企业、政府官员、父母、学校的人事部门等。这些信件既可能是对提交的法规表示赞同或反对，也可能是用新产品替换缺陷产品的要求。
3. 劝告信的特点：
一封好的劝告信应该：
清晰、简洁地说明情况；
提供详尽的细节来支持你的观点；
要用逻辑清楚的信息来说明观点；
明确说明你期望的结果和执行的建议。
4. 写信准备：
考虑三个问题：
1）信是写给谁的？
2）你想让他们做什么？
3）让他们同意你的观点的原因。
5. 写信
1）你要记住的第一件事是你和收信人是同一边的。也就是说你要对方明白你是为了他的利益考虑，而不是采取敌对态度。
2）记住你是对谁说话，你对一个CEO说话与对一个管道工说话的方式是不一样的。
3）要提及双方都认同的事情，让他们知道做这个决定是正确的。
6. 润色和检查：
1）在信末要确定有要求处理的诉求。
2）再次检查你的信中有正确的地址、合适的致意和信尾签名。如果是正式信件，要有写信人的手写签名。
常用表达句型
1. 开头
I’m writing this letter to share with you what I think about the matter.
我写信来说说我对此事的看法。
I am writing to express my idea concerning/ for the purpose of… 我写信想表达我对......的想法/为了......
I know you have trouble in ... after reading your letter. 读了你的信，我知道你在......方面有了麻烦。
I am very pleased to write this letter of recommendation to support his application.
我很高兴写这封推荐信，为他的申请助一臂之力。
I am very delighted to have been asked to write this letter of recommendation for ...
我非常高兴应.......之邀写这封推荐信。
I am writing to complain about... 我写此信投诉有关......
2. 信中
I feel something should be done about... 我觉得应该对......采取措施。
I had enough opportunities to observe him in many ways. 我有很多机会在各方面观察他。
3. 信尾
I feel that it would be beneficial if… 我感觉如果......会是有利的。
I would be ready to discuss this matter to further details. 我会很愿意进一步讨论此事。
I would appreciate it greatly if you kindly take him into consideration for admission. 如果你考虑他的入学申请，我将不胜感激。
I will be more than happy to see improvements in this regard.
如果看到这一点有所改进，我会很高兴的。
Please give this matter your immediate attention. 亟待您的关注。
Thank you for your time and kind consideration.
谢谢你在百忙之中抽时间考虑我的申请/要求。
写作范文：
Example 1
Mrs. Hanley:
As a resident of Woodlawn Acres, you may have noticed that our subdivision(分支) sign is in need of serious repairs.? For some time now it’s been overgrown with weeds.? I’ve recently decided it needs some attention or possibly an entirely new design.
Enclosed is a proposed redevelopment design for the entrance to our subdivision.?The estimated cost is about $600 which would include plant and building materials, and ground preparations.?
I’m asking for a small contribution, whether it is to help cover the cost of the project or if it’s only an hour spent to aid in the construction process.
As a landscape architecture student, I’ve learned how important it is to establish a mood and the overall sense of an entrance when introducing a new space.? I feel the people of this community, together with this new design will help give to our neighborhood the only component it lacks.
Thank you for your help.
Sincerely,??
Peggy Hill? ??
Example 2
Dear Mr. O'Neal,
Recently, your mail carrier, Mr. Johnson, has been unable to deliver mail to your address because of your Doberman Pinscher.? Mr. Johnson has made several attempts to deliver your mail but was unsuccessful because of your dog, who approached him and barked ferociously at him every time he entered the yard.? Because we have been unable to deliver your mail, we have been holding your mail here at the post office.? You can stop in during business hours to pick it up.? Our business hours are from:
Monday – Friday??? -- 9:00 a.m. – 4:00 p.m.? Saturday – Sunday -- 9:00 a.m. – 4:00 p.m.
? We would like to restore home delivery to your address as soon as possible.? Please help us by doing one of the following:
Keep your dog inside during normal delivery time.?
Chain your dog up during normal delivery time.?
Relocate your mailbox near your front gate rather than on your front porch.
Please contact us once this situation has been resolved, and we will be able to restore home delivery to your address.? The office number is (225) 555-6585.Your cooperation is appreciated.?
Sincerely, ??
Timothy Thurman?
Customer Service?
Example 3
This is an excellent example of a letter of recommendation. The writer is particularly good at incorporating specific examples to support his praise of the job candidate.
Dear Mr. Shields:
John Smith has applied for entrance to the Louisiana State University MBA program beginning fall 2004.? I have known John personally for 15 years and professionally for 5.? During this period, I have watched him mature, develop promising leadership skills and gain in his business acumen.? I believe John is a person of high character and a very worthy candidate for business school.
John joined our bank five years ago as a Junior Credit Analyst.? Since then, he has risen to the position of Assistant Vice President of Commercial Loans.? John has done an excellent job of developing organizational skills and has worked with all levels of management, including our CEO.? One of his major contributions to our bank involved our credit application process.? John felt there were too many steps in applying for a loan with our bank.? He studied the application process thoroughly and was able to cut it from 10 steps to 5, without exposing the bank to additional risk.? His innovation saves time and frustration for the customer and also saves the bank money.? ??
John has proven an ability to work well with his peers.?He was selected Loan Officer of the Month five times by his coworkers and our bank has received numerous letters of thanks from his customers.?
Along with being an active corporate citizen, John gives freely of his time to the community.? He is a member of several civic groups including Habitat for Humanity, United Way and Young Leadership Council (YLC).? John most recently chaired the membership committee for YLC.? Under his direction, new membership in YLC increased 15%!
As you can see, I think very highly of this young man and recommend him without reservation.? Please do not hesitate to contact me with any questions.
Sincerely,
Frederick B. Alexius, Jr.
VP Loan Approval
(225) 555 5555 ext. 12
■
课本写作范文：
Dear Nicolaus Copernicus,
I am a student studying astronomy and I would very much like to read your new theory about the solar system. I hope you will publish it for several reasons.
I understand the problems with the present theory. The way the planets move is not what you would expect if the earth was the centre of the universe. It is also odd that the brightness of some stars seems to change. So I agree with you that we need a new theory.
I know your observations have been very carefully carried out over many years. Now you must have the courage to publish them. Science can never advance unless people have the courage of their beliefs. I know you worry about what will happen if you publish your new theory. No matter how people oppose it, time will show whether your ideas are right or wrong.
So I hope you will feel you can publish your new theory.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
巩固练习
一、单项选择
1. My uncle thought highly of the painting, but to Mr. Brown’s _________ eye, the painting was terrible.
A. eager B. extra C. excited D. expert
2. Don’t say any more; we all believe the facts more than your words. What you have explained doesn’t make ________.
A. sense B. fun C. use D. meaning
3. In the following two hours, he was ________ the performance, because it turned out to be as wonderful as he had expected.
A. tired of B. absorbed in C. annoyed with D. concerned about
4. My grandfather is too old to care for himself, so my mother is looking for someone to ________ him.
A. treat B. cure C. attend D. examine
5. Not I but Tom ________ the car accident. Why should I pay the fine?
A. was to blame for B. were to blame for C. was blamed for D. were blamed for
6. The boy made _______ little progress ________ his parents felt disappointed.
A. such; that B. so; that C. such; as D. so; as
7. No one has _______ anything better than the plan now under consideration.
A. put toward B. come up C. put forward D. come up to
8. The wolf said in such a ________ voice that the girl felt _________ and began to tremble.
A. frightening; frightened B. frightened; frightening
C. frighten; frightening D. frightening; frightening
9. To our surprise, the man, who was looked down upon by others in the past, is now _________ the whole project.
A. beyond control B. in control of C. out of control D. losing control of
10. There was an ________ expression on his face when the famous actress appeared.
A. excited B. excite C. exciting D. excitement
11. The problem ________ so quickly last night will not be set again.
A. having been settled B. settle C. be settled D. settled
12. Potatoes turn green when ________ to sunlight.
A. exposing B. exposed C. expose D. to expose
13. The ________ price will save you one dollar for each dozen.
A. reduce B. reducing C. reduced D. reduces
14. “Things _______ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself.
A. lost B. losing C. to lose D. have lost
15. Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decision _______?
A. taking B. take C. taken D. to take
二、完形填空
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。
One of the most remarkable things about the human mind is our ability to imagine the future．In our 1 we can see what has not yet happened．For example，while we are looking forward to 2 a new place or country，we 3 what it will be like．We predict(预料) the 4 people will eat，dress and act．Of course，we do not always predict things 5 ．Things are often very different from the way we 6 them to be．
One of the 7 dreams in history is the dream of the German scientist，Kekule，who had been 8 to work out a very difficult problem in physics．He had 9 and analyzed the problem from every angle for days，but there 10 to be no way of 11 out the answer．Then one night he went to bed and dreamed．When he 12 up，he realized that he knew the answer．He had solved the problem in his 13 ．
The hypnotist(催眠者) sat in the chair opposite him and spoke 14 ：I want you concentrate on my voice．Think about 15 ．You know nothing but my voice．And as you pay attention to my voice，your 16 will get heavier．Soon you’ll be asleep．
You will hear my voice and 17 my words，but your body will be asleep，your eyes are too heavy．You are 18 asleep，and when you wake up you will 19 nothing．
You will forget everything．Now I am going to 20 slowly from one to five．One，two，three，four，five．
1．A．brains B．senses C．minds D．sights
2．A．visiting B．seeking C．reaching D．discovering
3．A．imagine B．know C．feel D．guess
4．A．custom B．habit C．style D．way
5．A．quickly B．simply C．correctly D．neatly
6．A．required B．wished C．left D．expected
7．A．funny B．dull C．famous D．silly
8．A．managing B．trying C．thinking D．hoping
9．A．studied B．learned C．discussed D．researched
10．A．used B．ought C．seemed D．had
11．A．making B．finding C．turning D．letting
12．A．gave B．sat C．woke D．got
13．A．dream B．lesson C．research D．exercise
14．A．softly B．loudly C．slowly D．firmly
15．A．everything B．something C．nothing D．anything
16．A．eyes B．feet C．head D．body
17．A．believe B．respect C．take D．understand
18．A．really B．extremely C．actually D．almost
19．A．accept B．remember C．hear D．receive
20．A．count B．say C．add D．speak
三、阅读理解
阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
“Life is speeding up．Everyone is getting unwell．”
This may sound like something someone would say today．But in fact，an unknown citizen who lived in Rome in AD 53 wrote it．
We all love new inventions．They are exciting，amazing and can change our lives．
Picture this：You’re rushing to finish your homework on the computer．Your mobile phone tings，a QQ message from your friend appears on the screen，and the noise from the television is getting louder and louder．Suddenly the computer goes blank and you lose all your work．Now you have to stay up all night to get it done．How calm and happy do you feel?
Inventions have speeded up our lives so much that they often leave us feeling stressed and tired．Why do you think people who live far away from noisy cities，who have no telephones，no cars，not even any electricity often seem to be happier? Perhaps because they lead simple lives．
One family in the UK went “back in time” to see what life was like without all the inventions we have today．The grandparents with their daughter，and grandsons Benjamin，10 and Tomas，7，spent nine weeks in a 1940s house．They had no washing machine，microwave，computer or mobile phone．
The grandmother Lyn，said，“It was hard physically．But not mentally．”She believed life was less materialistic．“The more things you have，the more difficult life becomes，”she said．The boys said they fought less．Probably，they said，because there was less to fight over，such as their computer．Also Lyn changed from being a“fashionable，beer-drinking granny，to one who cooked things”．
Here are some simple ways to beat the stress often caused by our inventions!
Don’t be available all the time．Turn off your mobile phone at certain times of the day．
Don’t check your emails every day．
Don’t reply to somebody as soon as they leave a text message just because you can．It may be fun at first，but it soon gets annoying．
1．The passage is mainly about ____________．
A．problems with technology
B．improvement of our life with technology
C．the important roles technology plays in our everyday life
D．major changes which will be likely to happen to technology
2．The writer quoted (引用) what a citizen in ancient Rome said at the beginning of the story in order to ________．
A．share a truth about life
B．tell us what life was like a long time ago
C．make us wonder what causes such a thing to happen
D．point out that you experience some big problems and they may be the same
3．Why did the family choose to spend some time in a 1940s house?
A．Because they loved to live without feeling stressed and tired．
B．Because they were curious about how people lived without modern inventions．
C．Because they were troubled by modern inventions．
D．Because living in a different time would be a lot of fun for them．
4．What do you think the underlined word“available”in the first suggestion offered by the writer means?
A．Busy on time． B．Free to have a rest．
C．Be able to． D．To be found by others．
四、选词填空。
in need of，deliver，approach，make attempts to，contact，apply for, rather than
contribution, think highly of, hesitate to
1. It’s well-known that he has made an important _________ to the company's success.
2. We _____________ their research in this field, so we hope they can succeed in time.
3. She graduated with high enough marks __________ university.
4. The young man, ____________ several ___________ beat the world record in high jumping, decided to have another try.
5. The earthquake victims are ______ great ___________ medical care.
6. It is not allowed ____________ the chemical lab without permission.
7. We were told the pizza would ____________ in 20 minutes.
8. This morning I have tried every way possible ____________ her, but failed.
9. Do not ___________ laugh at anything you find amusing.
10. We will have the meeting in the classroom ____________ in the great hall.
五、语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在标有1～10的空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
(1)
A few days ago I landed at the Bombay Airport in India and took a cab to my destination in South Bombay. I was enjoying the busy traffic with people rushing in every possible ___1___ (direct) when we got stuck at a very busy crossroads.
As we waited for the signal to turn green, my eyes met up with 2 poor young boy, about 12 years old. He removed a piece of bread from his pocket and took a bite. As he was about ___3___ (take) his next bite, a dog wagged (摇) his tail looking at him. 4 hesitation (犹豫), he sat down and put the bread on the road for the dog to eat. The dog sniffed the bread and walked away. The boy waited 5 he was sure the dog was gone, and then he picked up the bread and ate it!
My heart 6 (cry) and wanted to walk up to the boy, 7 before I could open the door the signal turned green and our car drove away. I kept thinking about the boy. Later, during my evening meal, I realized that I was thinking of approaching the boy but never did. I could have stopped the car and walked up to 8 , which again I never did.
This poor little boy 9 had only one piece of bread shared 10 immediately with the dog, though he himself seemed to be very hungry.
(2)
What can keep your brain young and active? Marie Pasinski, 1 doctor from Massachusetts General Hospital, says, “New experiences as well as a good snack.”
The next time you feel 2 (bore) at the pool, play a board game or cards. Exercising your mind with a challenging game that requires brainpower, 3 chess or bridge (桥牌), is more than just fun. These types of games are so interesting 4 they can build up working memory. Traveling, especially in the places where English isn’t spoken, can make you 5___ (smart) and more intelligent. There is a great deal of recent research proving its benefits.
6 the other hand, eat more nuts! Not only are nuts the perfect snack for a summer road trip, they also keep your mind sharp. Some nuts are rich in magnesium (镁), 7 can improve learning skills and memory of mice. The research 8 (publish) in the Journal Neuron last month. Another study at New York State Institute also proved the point, 9___ (show) that mice who ate nuts made improvements in learning, memory, emotional regulation and movements, compared with 10 who didn’t ate nuts.
六、书面表达
假如你是李华。你的美国笔友Harry近日写信告诉你他认为学校举办的科学讲座太枯燥，不想参加。请根据以下要点提示，给他写一封信，劝他多听一些这方面的讲座。
要点如下：
1. 学校提供了一个接触科技的好机会，应该好好把握；
2. 他平时对科学很感兴趣，可以搜集一些学生比较喜欢的话题推荐给学校；
3. 可以了解更多的科学知识，对自己的生活也有帮助。
注意：
1. 词数：100左右（文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Harry,
How are you? _______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
答案与解析
一、单项选择
1. D。expert 内行的，经验丰富的；extra 额外的；eager 渴望的。句意：我叔叔高度评价那幅画，但是以布朗先生内行的眼光看，那幅画太差了。
2. A。句意：不要再说了，我们更相信事实而不是你的话。你的解释说不通。make sense 说得通；make fun of 取笑； make use of 利用。
3. B。从下文可知，表演像他期待的那样精彩，所以他被节目吸引了。be absorbed in 专心致志于，被吸引于。be tired of 厌倦......；be annoyed with 生......的气；be concerned about 关心，挂念。
4. C。attend 照顾；treat 对待，治疗；cure 治愈；examine 仔细检查。因为祖父年纪大了，要找人照顾，而不是找医生治疗、检查等。
5. A。be to blame 应受责备；be blamed for 因......被责备。从下文需要付罚款可知，说话人在争辩谁应该为此事负责，所以选A。
6. B。many，much，little，few加名词要用so修饰，而不可数名词progress需用much/little修饰，表示很大/小的进步，因为little此处不表示“体积或年龄小”，而指“数量少”，所以用so。
7. C。句意：没有人提出比现在考虑中的更好的计划了。put forward 提出；come up 发生；come up to 达到。
8. A。狼说话的声音是让别人害怕的，指性质，用-ing形式作定语；女孩儿感到害怕，指内心的感觉，用-ed形式作定语。
9. B。in control of 在......的控制中；beyond control 无法控制；out of control 失去控制（介词短语）；lose control of 失去......的控制（动词短语）。句意：我们很吃惊，那个人过去别人都瞧不起，现在却控制着整个工程。
10. A。明星出现了，他感到很激动，而内心的感觉在脸上流露出来，因此用-ed形式修饰expression（表情），表示“（感到）激动的表情”。
11. D。因句子已经有了谓语will not be set（设定），settle要用非谓语动词作定语，排除B、C；问题是被解决的，虽然settle在谓语动作前完成，但不能用A，因为现在分词的完成式不能作限制性定语。
12. B。句意：土豆被暴露在阳光下会变绿。 when后省略了they are，因为状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，从句的谓语是be，所以可以省略。expose与“Potatoes”是被动关系，因此用过去分词与省略的are一起构成被动语态。
13. C。价格是人为减少的，所以reduce（减少）与其被修饰词price是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。句意：这次降价每一打会为你节省一美元。
14. A。 因为句子已经有谓语come，所以lose应用非谓语形式，排除D。lose与所修饰词things是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语，选A。句意：我禁不住自语到：“失去的东西永远也回不来了。”
15. C。take a decision意为“做出决定”，即take和decision是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。句意：既然我们讨论了问题，人们对所做的决定还满意吗？
二、完形填空
1．C。从上句“人脑 (human mind) 最值得称道的方面之一是我们想象未来的能力。”可知。
2．A。我们对一个新地方或新国家的渴望的是“游览”，而不是“寻找（seek）、发现（discover）或者“到达”那一刻。
3．A。此段首句已经说明我们在头脑中“想象”要发生的事，所以当我们渴望游览某地时，一定是“想象”那个地方的样子，与下文“predict”呼应。
4．D。the way people will eat，dress and act 指人们吃饭、穿衣、举止的方式，the way后省略了关系代词in which/ that；custom 风俗，指特定区域、特定人群沿革下来的风气、礼节、习惯等的总称，此处词义过大；habit 一般指某人长时间做某事的固定方式，此处词义过小；style 风格、格调，指特定时期、特定时期典型的行事、设计或生产等的特殊方式，不合题意。
5．C。下文“Things are often very different from the way”表明作者想告诉我们想象并不总是正确。
6．D。expect 期待，预料，与前文中imagine对应。句意：事情经常与我们的期待的样子很不一样。
7．C。从下文介绍的梦境可知这个梦不是可笑的（funny）、晦暗/呆笨的（dull），也不是愚蠢的（silly），所以选C（著名的）。
8．B。try to do sth. 设法去做某事；manage to do 设法去做而且做成了某事。此处不提及结果，所以用try。
9．A。study 研究，指为了进一步了解而长时间地认真观察、检验某物；learn 学会；research 探讨，研究，指为了发现新现象、验证新思想而对一主题进行详细研究，不适合此句中为了一个具体问题的具体研究。
10．C。句意：似乎没有找到答案的方法了。used to (do) 过去常常；ought to 应该。
11．B。find out 弄明白，查清楚。从上题解析中的句意可知。 make out 辨认出，了解，填写（表格）；turn out 结果是；let out 泄露，放出。
12．C。wake up 醒来，指从前面所说梦境中醒来就意识到了他发现了答案，而不是在之后的坐起来或起床后。give up 放弃；sit up 熬夜，坐起。
13．A。从上文可知，是在梦中解决了难题。
14．A。催眠人说话一定是很轻柔（softly）了。
15．C。从下句“You know nothing but my voice．”可知。
16．A。要睡着了当然是眼皮开始重了，要睁不开了。从下段第一句也可以看出。
17．D。句意：你会听见我的声音而且明白我的话。因为被催眠人要听催眠人的指令，所以要明白催眠人的意思。
18．D。被催眠不是真正的睡眠，因为如果真的睡着了，他就对催眠人的指令没有反应了，所以really（确实地）和actually （实际上）不合题意。extremely 极端地。
19．B。从下文“You will forget everything．”可知。
20．A。count 数数。say后直接接所说内容作宾语，如say hello，而from one to five是个范围，不是宾语。
三、阅读理解
1．A。主旨大意题。本文主要描述了科学技术的发展带来的问题，如生活速度加快，人的心理压力加大等，所以选A。B项：科技对生活的提高；C项：科技在我们日常生活中的重要角色；D项：科技可能发生的重大变化。
2．A。考查对作者意图的理解。作者引用古罗马的一个人的说法，让我们了解了有关生活的一个真相。但是它不能告诉我们以前的生活是什么样子。
3．B。细节理解题。从“One family in the UK went “back in time” to see what life was like without all the inventions we have today．”可知。
4．D。从下文“Turn off your mobile phone at certain times of the day．”可知，作者建议在一天的某些时候关掉手机，目的是不要总让别人找到你。
四、选词填空
1. contribution 2. think highly of 3. to apply for 4. having made; attempts to
5. in need of 6. to approach 7. be delivered 8. to contact
9. hesitate to 10. rather than
五、语法填空
（1）
作者看到一个小男孩毫不犹豫地将自己唯一的一片面包分给小狗，随后反思自己不能把爱心付之行动。
1. direction。根据句意和本空前的in every可知，此处用所给单词的名词单数形式，表示”方向”。
2. a。由于第一次提到小男孩，故用不定冠词。
3. to take。be about to do sth.意为”正要做某事”。
4. Without。此处填介词Without，Without hesitation意为”毫不犹豫”。
5. until/till。此处用连词until或till引导一个表示时间的状语从句，意为”直到”。
6. cried。此处用所给动词的一般过去时，表示发生在过去的事情。
7. but。根据文章内容可知，本空前后构成转折关系，故填连词but。
8. him。此处填人称代词宾格him，指代the boy。
9. who。此处用关系代词who引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词boy。
10. it。此处用代词it代指前面的一片面包。
（2）
如何让大脑年轻而活跃？答案就是多多锻炼脑力，并且多吃坚果。
1. a。此处填不定冠词，表泛指。
2. bored。根据句子含义可知，此处需要填bored，表示”感觉无聊的”。
3. like。此处用介词like引出要举的例子。
4. that。此处填that，构成so+ adj./adv. + that句式。
5. smarter。此处需用形容词的比较级形式与后面的more intelligent构成并列关系。
6. On。此处是on the other hand，意为”另一方面”。
7. which。本句是一个非限定性定语从句，填which，代替上文的magnesium (镁)在从句中做主语。
8. was published。此处需要谓语动词且为一般过去时的被动语态，填was published。
9. showing。根据句子结构可知，此处需用所给动词的现在分词形式作状语。
10. those。此处填代词those，指代与前面出现的mice的同一类事物，即没有吃坚果的老鼠。
六、书面表达
Dear Harry,
How are you?
I have received your last letter. In your letter, you told me that you don’t like the science lectures in your school.
In my point of view, you should attend such lectures. Firstly, it is a good opportunity to learn about science in school. Secondly, as far as I know, you are interested in science. You can collect some interesting topics and recommend them to your school. Last but not least, by going to more science lectures, you can know the latest developments in science and technology. After all, our life is closely linked to the development of science and technology. These things should be helpful to you.
Give it a try — I think you will enjoy them.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua