高考英语二轮复习课件：短文改错考点突破之名词的误用（共22张PPT）
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| 名称 | 高考英语二轮复习课件：短文改错考点突破之名词的误用（共22张PPT） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-07-28 22:43:33 | ||
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课件22张PPT。高考英语考点突破
——短文改错之名词1234The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me .【2016?全国新课标III】As I told you last time, I made three new friend here. 【2015?四川】We can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day .【2014?全国卷II】…he stopped at a box of golden ball for Christmas trees. 【 2010 ?新课标全国卷】But I have made up my minds to spend the vacation far from home... 【 2008 ?四川卷】考点1：可数名词的单复数5可数名词的复数
1．名词的6种规则复数变化形式
(1)一般情况下，在词尾直接加s：book → books mouth →mouths house → houses girl → girls
(2)以-s，-x, -ch , -sh结尾的名词，在词尾加es：glass→glasses box → boxes match→matches brush→brushes
(3)以辅音字母-y结尾的名词，变y为i再加es：city→cities country→countries party→parties
factory→factories
(4)以-o结尾的名词常在词尾加s：radios，zoos，pianos，kilos，photos，加es的只有heroes，Negroes，tomatoes，potatoes，echoes。巧记:黑人英雄吃西红柿和马铃薯。
(5)以-f，-fe结尾的名词
①少数直接加s：roof→roofs，belief→beliefs
海湾(gulf)里的首领(chief)只相信(belief)放在屋顶(roof)保险箱(safe)里的证据(proof)。
②一般以-f或-fe结尾的名词要变f或fe为v＋es：self，life，thief，wife，knife，leaf，shelf，wolf，half
[巧学助记]
为了自己活命，小偷和他的妻子手里拿着刀子和一片树叶站在架子上，把狼劈成两半
(6)“man/woman＋n.”变复数时，作定语的man/woman和中心词都要变复数。women engineers2．名词的3种不规则复数变化形式
(1)单复数同形的名词
deer(鹿)，sheep(绵羊)，means(方式)，Chinese(中国人)等
(2)改变元音或辅音的名词
foot→feet child→children man→men ox → oxen mouse→mice tooth→teeth woman→women
(3)合成名词
若有中心词，则把中心词变成复数；若无中心词，则把最后一个词变成复数。
passer-by→passers-by, sister-in-law→sisters-in-law，grown-up→grown-ups1997-2016年高考短文改错可数名词出现频率统计如下：
friend（五次），classmate（四次），year （三次） ，minute、dish、ball、answer、stranger、parent、hour、picture、way、subject（两次）
出现一次：
children，step，side，time（倍数，次数），test，cup，shoulder，week，mile，name，animal，toy，glasses（眼镜），book，card，place，ticket，experience（表“经验” 不可数,表“经历” 可数），envelope，family，hands，tree，farm，house，moment，plate，lesson，advantage，woman，stranger，word（话语），program，life，class，schoolmate，match，people，kind, month, age, thing, smile, weekend, model, vacation, course, meal, sky, hand, answer, painting, book, memory, day, actor
1997-2016年高考短文改错中考过的名词短语：
make a great effort to do sth. 尽力做某事【 2012?全国卷I 】
have trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难【 2011?四川卷】
make friends 交朋友【 2009?海南卷】
make up one’s mind to do sth. 【 2008?四川卷】
Many happy returns of the day！ 祝你健康长寿 !【 2000?春季高考】还需掌握的名词短语：
make preparations for 为……做准备
make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友
make both ends meet 收支平衡
make a difference 有影响
make progress in(doing)sth. 在…方面取得进步
shake hands with sb. 和某人握手
take pains to do sth. 努力做某事
give regards to sb. 向某人问候
fix one's eyes upon 关注/凝视
keep ties with 同……保持联系
keep one’s word 信守诺言
be in high spirits 兴致勃勃
do repairs 进行修理
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸有些名词在使用时总用其复数形式：
thanks，regards，congratulations，goods，works(工厂)，tears，instructions，directions，respects（敬意、问候）等。Let’s practise Proofread?each?sentence1. I have only been there a couple of time.
2. When you visit London, one of the first thing you will see is Big Ben.
3. This happened four and a half century ago.
4.When I was a very young children, my father created a regular practice
5. As a result, there was a long line of traffic for at least six mile.
1234We can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. 【2016?全国新课标II】Mom has a full-time job, but she has to do most of the houseworks.【2016?四川】The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.【2015?新课标全国I】He agreed to give me some advices on how to write like a real writer. 【2010?全国I】 He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests. 【2006?全国I】
5考点2：不可数名词1997-2016年高考短文改错不可数名词出现频率统计如下：
knowledge（2016全国卷Ⅱ 、2006浙江卷），advice（2010全国卷Ⅰ 、2010重庆卷），housework（2016四川卷，2004福建卷），air（2015全国卷Ⅰ ），idea（2006全国卷Ⅰ ），trouble（麻烦，困难，2011四川卷）， luggage（2011新课标卷），time（时间，2013全国大纲卷）
常见的不可数名词：
furniture（家具），clothing（衣服），fun（乐趣），information（信息），paper（纸），sugar（糖），work（工作），fruit（水果的总称或作集体名词），harm（损害），news（新闻），progress（进步），traffic（交通）weather（天气），baggage/luggage（行李）等。
一些不可数名词也有复数形式，但词义不同：
brains 智力 times 时代,几次
manners 礼貌 hairs 几根头发
goods 货物 sands 沙滩，沙漠
arms 武器 waters 水域，领海
snows 积雪 fruits 水果（指种类）
glasses 眼镜 papers 论文；试卷；报纸
greens 青菜 customs 海关
pains 努力 woods 树林
Let’s practise Proofread?each?sentence
1. Mr. Wang gave us some advices on how to remember English words.
2. I have no time to take exercise because I have a lot of homeworks to do.
3.The reason why I still remember the trip is that I was attracted by the amount of progresses that Spain has achieved.
4.But not all informations is good to society.
5.He’s getting married next month and decides to buy some furnitures.
1234When I finally arrived at my friend, he lent me lots of clothes. 【 2011?全国新课标卷】We'll have a two days hodiday. What about going to the West Lake?...and she marked strictly on student’s actual performance. 【 2006 ?辽宁卷】I first met Li Ming at a friend birthday party five years ago. 【 2007? 宁夏、海南卷 】I was playing at my cousin house. 【 2011? 浙江卷 】5考点3：名词所有格
名词所有格
1．有生命的名词的3种所有格
2.无生命的名词的2种所有格
①通常用of所有格表示
The capital of Peru is Lima, which is in the north on the coast.
秘鲁的首都是利马，位于北部沿海地区。
②表示时间、距离、国家、城市、机构、节日等的名词通常用's所有格表示
Beijing's parks北京的公园
the factory's output工厂的产量
3．双重所有格
双重所有格的构成形式为：名词＋of＋名词的所有格/名词＋of＋名词性物主代词
This is a picture of Jim’s.这是吉姆所拥有的照片中的一张。Let’s practise Proofread?each?sentence
1. It’s about an hour drive from here to my office.
2. We are having dinner at my aunt tonight.
Proofread?each?sentence
(1) Women live longer than men in most country.
(2) The film is very interesting. I have seen it many time.
(3) It’s said that all the ticket have been sold out.
(4) The children spend a lot of times watching TV.
(5) I met a lot of interesting peoples on holiday.
(6) The flower in the park were all pleasing.
(7) As the day went by, she became less anxious.
(8) Computer are becoming more and more popular in the country.
Proofread?each?sentence
(9) It’s one of the most interesting book that I’ve ever read.
(10) She likes to eat vegetable and she has a nice vegetable garden in front of her house.
(11) Hearing the news, the woman burst into tear.
(12) He hasn’t lived here long, but he has a great many friend here.
(13) Seeing the sunlight, passer-by or trees outside might make you more aware of how you look, might make you think about walking…
(14) He’s getting married next month and decides to buy some furnitures.
(15) Many a parents was forced to go through this same painful process.Summary ：
高考短文改错考点突破之名词
考点1 名词单复数
考点2 不可数名词
考点3 名词所有格
新技能get √ 谢 谢
——短文改错之名词1234The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me .【2016?全国新课标III】As I told you last time, I made three new friend here. 【2015?四川】We can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day .【2014?全国卷II】…he stopped at a box of golden ball for Christmas trees. 【 2010 ?新课标全国卷】But I have made up my minds to spend the vacation far from home... 【 2008 ?四川卷】考点1：可数名词的单复数5可数名词的复数
1．名词的6种规则复数变化形式
(1)一般情况下，在词尾直接加s：book → books mouth →mouths house → houses girl → girls
(2)以-s，-x, -ch , -sh结尾的名词，在词尾加es：glass→glasses box → boxes match→matches brush→brushes
(3)以辅音字母-y结尾的名词，变y为i再加es：city→cities country→countries party→parties
factory→factories
(4)以-o结尾的名词常在词尾加s：radios，zoos，pianos，kilos，photos，加es的只有heroes，Negroes，tomatoes，potatoes，echoes。巧记:黑人英雄吃西红柿和马铃薯。
(5)以-f，-fe结尾的名词
①少数直接加s：roof→roofs，belief→beliefs
海湾(gulf)里的首领(chief)只相信(belief)放在屋顶(roof)保险箱(safe)里的证据(proof)。
②一般以-f或-fe结尾的名词要变f或fe为v＋es：self，life，thief，wife，knife，leaf，shelf，wolf，half
[巧学助记]
为了自己活命，小偷和他的妻子手里拿着刀子和一片树叶站在架子上，把狼劈成两半
(6)“man/woman＋n.”变复数时，作定语的man/woman和中心词都要变复数。women engineers2．名词的3种不规则复数变化形式
(1)单复数同形的名词
deer(鹿)，sheep(绵羊)，means(方式)，Chinese(中国人)等
(2)改变元音或辅音的名词
foot→feet child→children man→men ox → oxen mouse→mice tooth→teeth woman→women
(3)合成名词
若有中心词，则把中心词变成复数；若无中心词，则把最后一个词变成复数。
passer-by→passers-by, sister-in-law→sisters-in-law，grown-up→grown-ups1997-2016年高考短文改错可数名词出现频率统计如下：
friend（五次），classmate（四次），year （三次） ，minute、dish、ball、answer、stranger、parent、hour、picture、way、subject（两次）
出现一次：
children，step，side，time（倍数，次数），test，cup，shoulder，week，mile，name，animal，toy，glasses（眼镜），book，card，place，ticket，experience（表“经验” 不可数,表“经历” 可数），envelope，family，hands，tree，farm，house，moment，plate，lesson，advantage，woman，stranger，word（话语），program，life，class，schoolmate，match，people，kind, month, age, thing, smile, weekend, model, vacation, course, meal, sky, hand, answer, painting, book, memory, day, actor
1997-2016年高考短文改错中考过的名词短语：
make a great effort to do sth. 尽力做某事【 2012?全国卷I 】
have trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难【 2011?四川卷】
make friends 交朋友【 2009?海南卷】
make up one’s mind to do sth. 【 2008?四川卷】
Many happy returns of the day！ 祝你健康长寿 !【 2000?春季高考】还需掌握的名词短语：
make preparations for 为……做准备
make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友
make both ends meet 收支平衡
make a difference 有影响
make progress in(doing)sth. 在…方面取得进步
shake hands with sb. 和某人握手
take pains to do sth. 努力做某事
give regards to sb. 向某人问候
fix one's eyes upon 关注/凝视
keep ties with 同……保持联系
keep one’s word 信守诺言
be in high spirits 兴致勃勃
do repairs 进行修理
hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸有些名词在使用时总用其复数形式：
thanks，regards，congratulations，goods，works(工厂)，tears，instructions，directions，respects（敬意、问候）等。Let’s practise Proofread?each?sentence1. I have only been there a couple of time.
2. When you visit London, one of the first thing you will see is Big Ben.
3. This happened four and a half century ago.
4.When I was a very young children, my father created a regular practice
5. As a result, there was a long line of traffic for at least six mile.
1234We can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. 【2016?全国新课标II】Mom has a full-time job, but she has to do most of the houseworks.【2016?四川】The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.【2015?新课标全国I】He agreed to give me some advices on how to write like a real writer. 【2010?全国I】 He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests. 【2006?全国I】
5考点2：不可数名词1997-2016年高考短文改错不可数名词出现频率统计如下：
knowledge（2016全国卷Ⅱ 、2006浙江卷），advice（2010全国卷Ⅰ 、2010重庆卷），housework（2016四川卷，2004福建卷），air（2015全国卷Ⅰ ），idea（2006全国卷Ⅰ ），trouble（麻烦，困难，2011四川卷）， luggage（2011新课标卷），time（时间，2013全国大纲卷）
常见的不可数名词：
furniture（家具），clothing（衣服），fun（乐趣），information（信息），paper（纸），sugar（糖），work（工作），fruit（水果的总称或作集体名词），harm（损害），news（新闻），progress（进步），traffic（交通）weather（天气），baggage/luggage（行李）等。
一些不可数名词也有复数形式，但词义不同：
brains 智力 times 时代,几次
manners 礼貌 hairs 几根头发
goods 货物 sands 沙滩，沙漠
arms 武器 waters 水域，领海
snows 积雪 fruits 水果（指种类）
glasses 眼镜 papers 论文；试卷；报纸
greens 青菜 customs 海关
pains 努力 woods 树林
Let’s practise Proofread?each?sentence
1. Mr. Wang gave us some advices on how to remember English words.
2. I have no time to take exercise because I have a lot of homeworks to do.
3.The reason why I still remember the trip is that I was attracted by the amount of progresses that Spain has achieved.
4.But not all informations is good to society.
5.He’s getting married next month and decides to buy some furnitures.
1234When I finally arrived at my friend, he lent me lots of clothes. 【 2011?全国新课标卷】We'll have a two days hodiday. What about going to the West Lake?...and she marked strictly on student’s actual performance. 【 2006 ?辽宁卷】I first met Li Ming at a friend birthday party five years ago. 【 2007? 宁夏、海南卷 】I was playing at my cousin house. 【 2011? 浙江卷 】5考点3：名词所有格
名词所有格
1．有生命的名词的3种所有格
2.无生命的名词的2种所有格
①通常用of所有格表示
The capital of Peru is Lima, which is in the north on the coast.
秘鲁的首都是利马，位于北部沿海地区。
②表示时间、距离、国家、城市、机构、节日等的名词通常用's所有格表示
Beijing's parks北京的公园
the factory's output工厂的产量
3．双重所有格
双重所有格的构成形式为：名词＋of＋名词的所有格/名词＋of＋名词性物主代词
This is a picture of Jim’s.这是吉姆所拥有的照片中的一张。Let’s practise Proofread?each?sentence
1. It’s about an hour drive from here to my office.
2. We are having dinner at my aunt tonight.
Proofread?each?sentence
(1) Women live longer than men in most country.
(2) The film is very interesting. I have seen it many time.
(3) It’s said that all the ticket have been sold out.
(4) The children spend a lot of times watching TV.
(5) I met a lot of interesting peoples on holiday.
(6) The flower in the park were all pleasing.
(7) As the day went by, she became less anxious.
(8) Computer are becoming more and more popular in the country.
Proofread?each?sentence
(9) It’s one of the most interesting book that I’ve ever read.
(10) She likes to eat vegetable and she has a nice vegetable garden in front of her house.
(11) Hearing the news, the woman burst into tear.
(12) He hasn’t lived here long, but he has a great many friend here.
(13) Seeing the sunlight, passer-by or trees outside might make you more aware of how you look, might make you think about walking…
(14) He’s getting married next month and decides to buy some furnitures.
(15) Many a parents was forced to go through this same painful process.Summary ：
高考短文改错考点突破之名词
考点1 名词单复数
考点2 不可数名词
考点3 名词所有格
新技能get √ 谢 谢