课件34张PPT。 A good medicine tastes bitter.
良药苦口,忠言逆耳。
2. A faithful friend is hard to find. 知音难觅。
3.Far water does not put out near fire.
4.Barking dogs seldom bite.
5. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
Enjoy English sayings?Adj. adv.远水救不了近火。患难见真情。吠犬不咬人 .专题导航 形容词与副词是英语语法基础知识,也是高考的高频考点。因此学生们要从重难点、热点及易错点出发掌握好这一基础知识。
形容词与副词重难点、易错点透析重点一:考查 形容词与副词的基本用法1.形容词 (改错)
典例1 The boy aged five only had three
five-dollars notes in his wallet.
典例2 This kind of apple tastes well and sells well.
典例3 They have built a bridge a 1,000 meters length.
five-dollargood long典例4 There could be seriously wrong something
with machine. It doesn’t work.something seriously wrong aged five well2.副词典例1 Work will get done ___________(easy) when people do it together, and the rewards are higher too.
典例2 He began to take political science ________
(serious) only when he left school.
典例3
1) ______(happy) for her, her stepmother was kind to her.
2) _________ (fortunate), he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA.有些副词置于句首修饰全句,作评注性状语,常用逗号与句子分开。如:obviously, luckily, actually, personally, surprisingly, unfortunately 等 more easilyseriouslyHappilyFortunately典例4
1)The young man couldn’t afford a new car. _______, he bought a used one.
A. Besides B. Instead C. Still D. Otherwise
2)--- Have you got accustomed to your new job?
---Well, yes. It’s not as good as I expected,______.
A. even B. either C. therefore D. though常见的表示衔接的副词有:however, otherwise, instead ,besides ,therefore/thus, though, anyway, eventually, finally…
重点二: 考查 -ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别典例 Judging from her _______(shock) look on her face, Mary was entirely unprepared for the ________(frighten) news.重点三: 考查 多个形容词作定语的的排序限定描绘大长高,形状年龄与新老;
颜色国籍出材料,用途类别往后靠。典例 It’s said that ________________________ (一位年轻著名美国教授) is going to give us a lecture this weekend.shockeda famous young American professorfrightening重点四 : 形容词与副词的比较等级
(改错)
典例1 There are only a small number of mistakes involved, possibly as little as two.
典例2 There are as more students in our school as yours. ?
1.原级的用法
1)肯定 as+形容词原形+as 和…一样
2)否定 not so (as)+形容词原形+as
“和… 不一样”; “不及/不如…
fewmany典例 He is so big that he can’t enter the room by?the door .
典例 He is such a good teacher that all his pupils like him. 3) so+ adj/adv.原级+that从句
such+形容词+名词+that从句 4) … too+原级+ to do sth. 太…而不能He is too young to join the army. 5)原级+ enough to do sth. This truck is big enough to carry 5 tons.? 6)由as组成的形容词或副词短语。
① as much as+不可数名词 数量多达
② as many as+可数名词 数量多达
③ as early as 早在
④ as far as 远到;就……而知(论)
⑤ may (might) as well 不妨,不如
⑥ as...as one can 尽某人所能的……
⑦ as...as possible 尽可能……的
⑧ as good as 和…一样好;不亚于;实际上
⑨ as well as 和…一样好;也,又; 既…又…;
除…之外(也); 此外 ⑩ as soon as 一…就2.比较级的用法典例1 --- The film, I have to say, not a bit / (not at all) interesting.
---Why? It’s far _______ (many) interesting than the film I have ever seen.
典例2 This park is ______ (little) beautiful than that one.?
“
more less1)两者比较,表示一方超过另一方,用“比较级+than… ”
2)两者比较,表示不及另一方时,用“less+原级+than…”
3)表示两者之间“比…… 更……”可用状语much, a little, even,a lot,a bit,still,far 等修饰。
典例 He works even hard than before. (改错)
4) 倍数表达法。
(A) A is twice/double ( three ,four,etc.) times the size (height,length etc.) of B.
(B) A is three (four,etc.) times as…as B.
(C) A is three (four,etc.) times …than B典例 It’s said that the power plant is now twice large as what it was. (改错) ︿asharder5)“…比较级+and+比较级…” ,表示自身程度的改变, 为“越来越…
典例 In spring, the days are getting______________(越来越长).? 6)表示两者间“较为…..的一个”,比较级前应用定冠词the。即the+比较级 +of two。典例 There are two twin brothers in the shoe factory, a taller of whom works as a shoe designers. (改错)
longer and longerthe7)“The+比较级…,the+比较级…” 意为“越…越…” 典例 In the exam, the ____________(care) you are, the fewer mistakes you’ll make. more careful8)其他含比较级的短语和句式
more than “多于,不只是,不仅仅是,非 常”;
no more than “仅仅,只是”;
not more than “不超过,至多”;
more…than… “与其……不如……”;
less than “少于,不到,不太,极不”;
no less than “多达,不少于”;
more or less “几乎,大约,差不多”;
sooner or later “迟早”;
what’s more “另外,而且”;
what’s worse “更糟糕的是”;
no sooner…than… “一……就……”。3.最高级的用法 1)如果有三者或三者以上比较对象,要用最高级。通常用“the+最高级+of/in+比较范围”表示“……之中最……”;副词的最高级前可用可不用定冠词the.
典例 1 Jim jumped (the) highest of the all.
2 Mount Qomolangma is the highest in the world.
形容词最高级前有时加不定冠词、或不加冠词,不表比较,而表示“非常”。
1)He is a most clever young policeman. (a most=very)
2)The film is most interesting.
(most=very)2. “(the)least +原级”表示“最不、丝毫”。
This?is?the?_____(little) useful?of?the?four?books.
3、…the +序数词+最高级+名词,表示“第几最…”
Canada is the second _______ (big) country in the world.
4、…one of the+最高级+名词复数,表“最…之一”
Lu Xun is one of the ________(great) writers last century.
5、This is/ was the+最高级+名词+that定语从句
This is the _______(bad) film that I have seen these years.leastbiggestgreatestworsttaller harder larger wider
tallest hardest largest widestbigger hotter fatter wetterbiggest hottest fattest wettest happier drier earlierhappiest driest earliestnarrower cleverernarrowest cleverestmore difficult more popular
more slowly most difficult most popular
most slowly规则变化单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级)或-est(最高级)以字母e接尾的词加-r或-st
以重读闭音节结尾且词末尾只有一个辅音字母的,应双写辅音字母再加er或est以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为i再加-er,或-est少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词可加-er
或-est多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加more 和most
Attentionsbetter bestworse worstless more mostfarther/further
older/elder least farthest/furthest
oldest/eldest不规则变化通常在形容词后加-ly变成副词。slow → ______ real → ______
usual →______ careful→______
easy → ______ happy→ ______
heavy →______ angry→ ______slowlyusuallyeasilyheavilyreallycarefullyhappilyangrilyadj.adv. ? ly有几个特殊的要去e后再加-ly或y,
如: gentle—gently true –truly terrible –terribly simple—simply 以e结尾的,大部分直接加-ly,
如: wide widely
brave bravely 难点一: 形容词与副词难点He returned home, tired and hungrily.
[解析] 根据句意与句法,此句应用形容词作伴随状语,表示谓语动作发生时,主语所处的状态。hungrily是副词,and应连接这两个对等的形容词。
2.Such is the kindness of the nurse that the patient can never be enough thankful to her.hungry too[解析] “can not …too…”意为“无论怎样也不为过”,类似的还有“can never…too…; can not…enough…”。3.The form cannot be signed by anyone rather than yourself.
[解析] rather than“而不;other than“除了”,相当于but和except.
other改错5. I can’t believe that there are such many poor people in so rich a country. (相当于 such a rich)
4.Everything comes a price; there is no such a thing as free lunch in the world. \ [解析] no与such连用时,应放在such之前,such后接的名词前不用冠词。句式:There is no such +n. +as…没有像…的…[解析] 考查形容词such和副词so的用法
(1)so+形容词/副词
(2)so+ many/few +复数名词
(3)so+ much/little+不可数名词(句中little表示“少”,而不是“小”的意思)
(4)such a/an+形容词+单数可数名词
(5)so+形容词+a/ an+单数可数名词
(6)such+形容词+可数名词的复数/不可数名词so可互换难点二: 比较级表示最高级含义1.Mr. Stevenson is great to work for— I really couldn’t ask for a _____(good)boss.
[解析] 否定词+比较级=最高级
2. As is known to all, China is larger than any _______ country in Asia.
[解析] 1)比较级+than+ any other+单数名词+其他
2)比较级+than+ (all) the other+复数名词+其他
3)比较级+than+ anyone else
4)比较级+than+ any of the other+复数名词+其他
注意:比较级+than+ any +单数名词+其他(不在同一范围内进行比较) better other(同一范围内进行比较)
难点三: 隐含式比较级有时省略或不点明被比较对象,而是通过语境来暗示被比较的对象。
典例1 It may not be a great suggestion. But before_____ is put forward, we’ll make do with it.
A. a good one B. a better one
C. the best one D. a best one
典例2 We live _______(long) now because we have changed the way we live.
longer难点四 : 比较状语从句中的省略与替代典例1 The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than ______ on the small ones.
在比较状语从句中为了避免重复,通常用that/those; one; ones替代前面的名词。 that much【解析】此句是由than引导的比较状语从句比较对象the traffic为不可数名词,表示特指,以避免重复,所以用that来替代。【解析】考查倍数表示法。主语A+谓语+倍数+as+形容词副词的原级( +as+比较对象 B 结构构成。此句可补为“…, but it costs almost more than twice as much as that one )”
典例2 I like this shirt better than that one, but it costs almost more than twice as ______.
易错点一: 容易混淆的形容词与副词辨析①下列单词以-ly结尾,但却是形容词而非副词:lively,lonely,lovely,deadly,friendly,ugly,silly,likely,brotherly,timely等。
②表原意(无-ly)和引申意(有-ly)的副词:
deep深的—deeply深入地 ;rare 稀有的-rarely很少地
wide宽的——widely广泛地; near附近的-- nearly几乎
high高的——highly高度地; hard努力的 -hardly几乎不;close靠近地-closely密切地;仔细地;late晚/迟 —lately最近
most大多数的 —— mostly大部分地;多半;主要地
典例 Food safety is high important, so the government spares no effort to prevent food pollution. (改错)
highly易错点二:搭配特别的形容词或副词典例1 After watching a funny movie, Mary lay in bed with her eye __________(睁得大) while all her family were ____________________ (酣睡).
典例2 His first lecture is of great use to our development. But his latest one is ______(well) worth attending.sound/fast/ deep asleepwide open1)熟记有关形容词、副词的固定搭配:dead/blind drunk=very drunk 酩酊大醉; wide awake完全没有睡意; sound/fast/ deep asleep 酣睡;snow/rain/smoke heavily;
2)修饰一些特殊形容词的修饰语有: be well worth; wide open; freezing cold; terribly sorry;…better Practice 题组训练1 单句语法填空Don't always try to start something when everything is running ________(good).
2. She had written him a note a couple of weeks ______ (early)
3. If we leave at 8:00 by express train, __________
(hope) we’ll reach Beijing in 45 minutes.
4. He is very _______(rely). If he says he’ll help you, he’ll do it.
5. As we all know, she is one of the ___________
(well-known) women in the world.
wellhopefullyreliablebest-knownearlier6.Nothing can be ______(fine) for me.
7. Jack is late again. It’s ________(type) of him to keep others waiting.
8. Linda kept weighing herself to see how much________ (heavy) she was getting.
9.We should be able to find something
_______ (use).
10. Please remain _______( seat ) until the plane has come to a complete stop.
heavierusefulfinertypicalseatedPractice 题组训练2 单句改错 1. I love camping. It is my favoritest way to spend the summer vacation.
2. The water in it is so dirty that it smells terribly.
3. There were too many nice things that I didn’t know what to choose.
4. He hardly ever exercises. So he is kind of healthy.
5. Boris has brains, and in fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has a high IQ.
favoriteterriblesounhealthyhigher6. We'll pick you up and head straightly to the airport.
7. It was snowing heavily. The little pet cat
felt freezing cold, so it sat closely to the fire.
8. People are becoming richer and the country is much more stronger.
9. I found the test difficult, but I tried hardly to do it.
10. Don’t panic or get out of line, and try to remain quiet and calmly.
straight close hardcalm Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed. When a person does_1_ certain thing again, he is driven by an unseen force to do the same thing _2_ (repeat); then a habit is formed. Once a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes _3_(possible) to get rid of. It is therefore very_4_ (importance) that we should pay great attention to the formation of habits.
Children often form bad habits, some of which remain with them _5_ long as they live. Laziness, lying, stealing and so on are all easily formed bad habits. _6_, there are many _7_ habits formed in early life that are of great help. Many _8_ (success) men say much of their success has something to do with certain _9_(habit) in early life like early risking and honesty. We should keep _10_ from all the bad habits and try to form such good habits as will be good for ourselves and others.Practice 题组训练3 语法填空 1.a ; 2.repeatedly; 3. impossible; 4. important; 5. as;
6.However; 7. other 8. successful 9. habits 10. awayThank you!