模块6 Unit 4 Helping people around the world Grammar and usage（1）课件（35张）
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| 名称 | 模块6 Unit 4 Helping people around the world Grammar and usage（1）课件（35张） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2019-07-30 21:00:52 | ||
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课件35张PPT。Unit 4Grammar and usageUnreal conditionals
and
things hoped for or desired虚拟语气?
1）概念 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。Revision2）在条件句中的应用 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。Revision在条件状语从句和结果状语从句中,表示
与事实相反的条件和结果。
1) 与现在事实相反：
If 主语 …, 主语 +V原 was/were
/V-edshould (would
could, might)Revision2) 与过去事实相反：
If 主语 , 主语 +have V-ed
3) 与将来事实相反：
If 主语 …, 主语 +V原should (would
could, might)should
were toshould (would
could, might)had been /V-edRevision Read the points and examples on Page 56.
Please find out:
1.How the tenses are used in the if-clause and
the main clause in Point 1?
2.Which words can be used to replace if-
clauses in implied conditionals?
3.How to express unreal conditionals in
adverbial clauses?
4.How to use unreal conditionals in object
clauses introduced by that? 假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气(mixed conditionals)。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。
If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.
If you had followed the teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t be in the hospital.1. We use mixed conditionals when the main
clause and the if-clause are about different
tenses.
e.g. If you had come and attended the
meeting yesterday, you would know
what we are doing now.
If you had followed my advice, you
would not be in trouble now.Answers ( P57 Part A)
A (1) had not studied
(2)would not be
(3)had stuided
(4)would have
(5)knew
(6)would be able
课本练习(7) could help
(8) would no be 2. We use otherwise, or and phrases
beginning with with, without and but
for to replace an if-clause in implied
conditionals. Without air , there would be no living things.
But for your help
, I couldn’t have done it.(If there were no air)(If it hadn’t been for your help)I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have gone there with them.
(If I hadn’t been busy that day, I would have gone there with them.)
I would have finished the work, but I have been ill.
(If I hadn’t been ill, I would have finished the work.)3. In adverbial clauses introduced by
even if, as if, as though and if only
we can use unreal conditionals.即使生了病，他也去办公室。
Even if he were ill, he would go to his office.
他那样对待我，好像我是陌生人似的。
He treated me as if I were a stranger.
她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。
She talked about the film as if she had really seen it. 虚拟语气特殊句型： wish/if only 现在：
过去：
未来：did（were）had donewould do 1) I wish I were a bird.（现在）
2) I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake.（过去）
3) We wish our parents wouldn’t punish
us. （将来）If only I knew his name!
If only we had followed your advice!
If only I could see him again! 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。
要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadn’t missed the train! I wish I were as tall as you.
我希望和你一样高。 He wished he hadn’t said that.
他希望他没讲那样的话。 I wish it would rain tomorrow.
我希望明天下雨就好了。wish to do; wish sb./sth. to do 想要，希望 I wish to see the manager.
= I want to see the manager. I wish the manager to be informed at once.
= I want the manager to be informed at once.2. would rather (that)现在：
过去：
未来：I would rather you paid me now.
I would rather you had gone, too.Don’t come. I would rather you came
tomorrow.diddidhad done3. It’s (about/high) time + that should dodid你该走了。我们该去
睡觉了。It’s high time that you went.
It’s high time that you were going.
It’s high time that you should go.It’s time that we went to bed.
It’s time that we should go to bed. 4. 表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。1) 宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持，两个
命令，三个建议，四个要求。即
1. insist 2. order, command
3. advise, suggest, propose
4. demand, desire, require, request
这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气
用法。即从句中的动词使用should + 动词
原形，或者将should省略。我们建议Tom去休息一下。
他坚决要求我到场。
国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。
他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。We suggested that Tom have a rest.He insisted that I (should ) be present.The king ordered that the prisoners be
killed the next day.They requested that we (should) send
them to work there.I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
He insisted that he (should) be sent there.注意：如suggest, insist不表示“建议” 或“坚持要某人做某事时”，即它们用于其本意“暗示、表明”、或“坚持认为”时，宾语从句用陈述语气。 The guard at gate insisted that
everybody _____ (obey) the rules.
2. He insisted that she _____ (be)
seriously ill and that _________(send)
to hospitals at once.
3. He suggested that we ______ (have) a
meeting at once.
4. His pale face suggested that he
______ (be) ill.obeywasbe senthavewas 以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气，即：
(should) + v-原形。
名词形式: order, advice, suggestion,
proposal, demand, desire
request, requirementThe suggestion is that the plan be
carried out at once.
My demand is that she should come
to see me once a week.
All of us are for the advice that the
chemical factory should be closed
down.5. It’s necessary/strange/natural/
important + that-clause 从句中的动
词要用虚拟，即（should）+ 动词原形It is important that we (should) master a
foreign language.
It is strange that she refuse to come to the
party.
It’s necessary that we should study hard.6. 某些简单句的固定句型：
Heaven help him!
God bless you!
May you succeed!
Long live the People’s Republic of China!Reflection time If the tense of the main clause is different
from that of the if-clause, we can use _________________.
2. Tell some other cases that can use
unreal conditionals:(1) _____________;
(2) ____________________________;
(3) _________________; (4)
___________________________________.mixed conditionalsotherwise, with even if, as if, as though, if onlywish, would rathersuggest/suggestion, require/requirementAnswers ( P57 Part B)
B (1)wishout (2)otherwise
(3)wish (4)suggest
(5) If only (6) as if 课本练习请点击 _________ cease advertising, prices
would be significantly reduced.
? A. Were they to??? ? B. Could they? ???
???C. If they??? ????????? D. Would they
2. Five minutes earlier, and we _______
the last bus.
?? A. had caught??
B. should have caught? ?
?C. could have caught? D. caughtQuiz I: Multiple choice. 3. If only you ____ him what I said!
Everything would have been all right.
? A. didn't told?????B. hadn't told ????????????
? C. would not tell??
D. would have not told
4. He must have had an accident, or
he ____________ here then.
? A. would have been???? B. had been
C. should have been??? D. could be5. Much labour would have been saved
if the electronic computers ________
before.
? A. had invented????? B. were invented
C. should have been invented
D. had been invented6. I wish I ________ longer this morning,
but I had to get up and come to class.
A. could have slept?? B. slept??????????
C. might have slept????D. have slept Review the Grammar.
Do the exercises C1 and C2 on
Page 125 in your workbook.
and
things hoped for or desired虚拟语气?
1）概念 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。Revision2）在条件句中的应用 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。Revision在条件状语从句和结果状语从句中,表示
与事实相反的条件和结果。
1) 与现在事实相反：
If 主语 …, 主语 +V原 was/were
/V-edshould (would
could, might)Revision2) 与过去事实相反：
If 主语 , 主语 +have V-ed
3) 与将来事实相反：
If 主语 …, 主语 +V原should (would
could, might)should
were toshould (would
could, might)had been /V-edRevision Read the points and examples on Page 56.
Please find out:
1.How the tenses are used in the if-clause and
the main clause in Point 1?
2.Which words can be used to replace if-
clauses in implied conditionals?
3.How to express unreal conditionals in
adverbial clauses?
4.How to use unreal conditionals in object
clauses introduced by that? 假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气(mixed conditionals)。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。
If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.
If you had followed the teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t be in the hospital.1. We use mixed conditionals when the main
clause and the if-clause are about different
tenses.
e.g. If you had come and attended the
meeting yesterday, you would know
what we are doing now.
If you had followed my advice, you
would not be in trouble now.Answers ( P57 Part A)
A (1) had not studied
(2)would not be
(3)had stuided
(4)would have
(5)knew
(6)would be able
课本练习(7) could help
(8) would no be 2. We use otherwise, or and phrases
beginning with with, without and but
for to replace an if-clause in implied
conditionals. Without air , there would be no living things.
But for your help
, I couldn’t have done it.(If there were no air)(If it hadn’t been for your help)I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have gone there with them.
(If I hadn’t been busy that day, I would have gone there with them.)
I would have finished the work, but I have been ill.
(If I hadn’t been ill, I would have finished the work.)3. In adverbial clauses introduced by
even if, as if, as though and if only
we can use unreal conditionals.即使生了病，他也去办公室。
Even if he were ill, he would go to his office.
他那样对待我，好像我是陌生人似的。
He treated me as if I were a stranger.
她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。
She talked about the film as if she had really seen it. 虚拟语气特殊句型： wish/if only 现在：
过去：
未来：did（were）had donewould do 1) I wish I were a bird.（现在）
2) I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake.（过去）
3) We wish our parents wouldn’t punish
us. （将来）If only I knew his name!
If only we had followed your advice!
If only I could see him again! 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。
要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadn’t missed the train! I wish I were as tall as you.
我希望和你一样高。 He wished he hadn’t said that.
他希望他没讲那样的话。 I wish it would rain tomorrow.
我希望明天下雨就好了。wish to do; wish sb./sth. to do 想要，希望 I wish to see the manager.
= I want to see the manager. I wish the manager to be informed at once.
= I want the manager to be informed at once.2. would rather (that)现在：
过去：
未来：I would rather you paid me now.
I would rather you had gone, too.Don’t come. I would rather you came
tomorrow.diddidhad done3. It’s (about/high) time + that should dodid你该走了。我们该去
睡觉了。It’s high time that you went.
It’s high time that you were going.
It’s high time that you should go.It’s time that we went to bed.
It’s time that we should go to bed. 4. 表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。1) 宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持，两个
命令，三个建议，四个要求。即
1. insist 2. order, command
3. advise, suggest, propose
4. demand, desire, require, request
这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气
用法。即从句中的动词使用should + 动词
原形，或者将should省略。我们建议Tom去休息一下。
他坚决要求我到场。
国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。
他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。We suggested that Tom have a rest.He insisted that I (should ) be present.The king ordered that the prisoners be
killed the next day.They requested that we (should) send
them to work there.I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
He insisted that he (should) be sent there.注意：如suggest, insist不表示“建议” 或“坚持要某人做某事时”，即它们用于其本意“暗示、表明”、或“坚持认为”时，宾语从句用陈述语气。 The guard at gate insisted that
everybody _____ (obey) the rules.
2. He insisted that she _____ (be)
seriously ill and that _________(send)
to hospitals at once.
3. He suggested that we ______ (have) a
meeting at once.
4. His pale face suggested that he
______ (be) ill.obeywasbe senthavewas 以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气，即：
(should) + v-原形。
名词形式: order, advice, suggestion,
proposal, demand, desire
request, requirementThe suggestion is that the plan be
carried out at once.
My demand is that she should come
to see me once a week.
All of us are for the advice that the
chemical factory should be closed
down.5. It’s necessary/strange/natural/
important + that-clause 从句中的动
词要用虚拟，即（should）+ 动词原形It is important that we (should) master a
foreign language.
It is strange that she refuse to come to the
party.
It’s necessary that we should study hard.6. 某些简单句的固定句型：
Heaven help him!
God bless you!
May you succeed!
Long live the People’s Republic of China!Reflection time If the tense of the main clause is different
from that of the if-clause, we can use _________________.
2. Tell some other cases that can use
unreal conditionals:(1) _____________;
(2) ____________________________;
(3) _________________; (4)
___________________________________.mixed conditionalsotherwise, with even if, as if, as though, if onlywish, would rathersuggest/suggestion, require/requirementAnswers ( P57 Part B)
B (1)wishout (2)otherwise
(3)wish (4)suggest
(5) If only (6) as if 课本练习请点击 _________ cease advertising, prices
would be significantly reduced.
? A. Were they to??? ? B. Could they? ???
???C. If they??? ????????? D. Would they
2. Five minutes earlier, and we _______
the last bus.
?? A. had caught??
B. should have caught? ?
?C. could have caught? D. caughtQuiz I: Multiple choice. 3. If only you ____ him what I said!
Everything would have been all right.
? A. didn't told?????B. hadn't told ????????????
? C. would not tell??
D. would have not told
4. He must have had an accident, or
he ____________ here then.
? A. would have been???? B. had been
C. should have been??? D. could be5. Much labour would have been saved
if the electronic computers ________
before.
? A. had invented????? B. were invented
C. should have been invented
D. had been invented6. I wish I ________ longer this morning,
but I had to get up and come to class.
A. could have slept?? B. slept??????????
C. might have slept????D. have slept Review the Grammar.
Do the exercises C1 and C2 on
Page 125 in your workbook.