Unit 1 Other countries, other cultures Grammar and usage_ Overview of attributive clauses课件（26张）

课件26张PPT。M 9U1 Grammaroverview of attributive clauses 定语从句（the attributive clause） ☆ 被定语从句限定的词是_______ ，引导定语从句的词叫做 ________ 或 _________。☆ 关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接（连接定语从句和主句）、替代（替代前面的先行词）、成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。在复合句中，充当_______ 用的从句是定语从句 “先行词”“关系代词”“关系副词”形容词 关系词代替先行词在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语，则用关系代词代替先行词在从句中充当状语，则用关系副词 that , who , whom , which , as ,
whose where , when , why 1. The teachers are present at our class
are all experienced teachers.
2. Our class is a big family consists of 12 girls and 50 boys.
3. Yao Hui is the boy English study is very good in our class.
4. The school we are studying is very famous.
5. we all know, our school is 50 years old.wherewhowhoseAswhich关系代词？关系副词？关系词在从句中充当的成分(1)先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, few, much 等不定代词时。 Is there anything else that you don’t understand ?(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等
修饰时。All the books that you need are here.(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰及是最高级或被最高级修饰时。This is the first book (that) he has read ./ This is the best that has been used against pollution
(4)先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰时。This is the very pen (that) she is looking for .(5)先行词既有人又有物时。 He talked about the teachers and schools (that) he had visited .That!!?6.当主句的主语是是疑问词which时: Which is the bike that you lost yesterday? 7.当先行词在主句中做表语,而关系代词也在从句中做表语时: He is no longer the man that he used to be .指物，介词后。
2. 用于非限制定语从句中只使用which应遵循的规则1. Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everybody in the office.
A.which B that C this D.it
The day ______ he was born was Aug .20 ,1952.
A.on which B that C which D.this
介词+关系词1. Do you know the boy __ ____ your mother
is talking?
2. He gave me some novels _____ ______ I
am not very familiar.
3. I still remember the day ___ ____ I first got
to Paris.5. I was given three books on cooking,
the first ______I really enjoyed.
A. of that B. of which C. that D. whichto whomwith whichon whichThis is the child whom/ that I will take care of.4. 译：这是我要照顾的小孩。How to choose prepositiopn?关系代词 as 的用法 ☆ the same … as 表示同一类人或物；
the same … that 指同一个人或物1) 引导非限制性定语从句: He was late, as is often the case. 2) 与such/ so 连用, 引起定语从句 There are no such writers as you mention. It’s so heavy a box as no one can lift.3)与same 连用, 引起定语从句 如此 …… 以至于 It’s so heavy a box that no one can lift it.This is the same watch as / that I lost.1. which的先行词可以是句子的一部分或代替整个句子；which从句不能放句首， 一般在主句之后
2. as 一般代替整个句子或一部分, 可以放句首, 句中或句尾, 表示“正如” ，“或像…一样” 。
例如：as is known, as everyone knows ,as is said, as often happens, as you can see, as it is……;which as 引导非限制性定语从句的区别3. ______ is known to all, he is the best student.
4. Jim passed the driving test, _____ surprised everybody in the office. Aswhichasthatwhich
1. It is such a big stone _____ nobody can lift.
2. It is such a big stone _____ nobody can lift it.asthat填上合适的关系词并分析原因：
1.The way _________________he explained the
sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _________________he explained to us
was quite simple.that/ which/不填that/in which/不填缺状语缺宾语the way用做先行词3. What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it.
A. the way B. in the way that
C. in the way D. the way which高考题链接：whose的先行词指物时，可用of which代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词 = the+名词+of which，或= of which + the + 名词。如：
The novel whose title (= the title of which或of which the title) is Red and Black is very interesting.
whose的先行词指人时，可用of whom代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词 = the+名词+of whom，或= of whom + the + 名词。如：
The boy whose mother (= the mother of whom或of whom the mother) is a doctor is my friend.
whose引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人也可以指物。
用关系副词when时，先行词指时间，when在定语从句中作时间状语，when可换成“介词+关系代词”。如：I still remember the day when I first came to Nanjing.My father was born in the year when World War Ⅱ broke out.1. when关系副词 1. when(= on which)(= in which) (= in which)
用关系副词where时，先行词指地点，where在定语从句中作地点状语，where可换成“介词+关系代词”。如：This is the farm where we worked when we were young.The school where his mother teaches is in the west of the city.2. where2. where(= on which)
用关系副词why时，先行词指原因，why在定语从句中作原因状语，why可换成“介词+关系代词”。如：There are several reasons why the boys should be punished.3. why3. why(= for which)1. I’ve come to the point ____ I can’t stand him.
2. The country is in the situation ____ a war
will break out at any time.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。 where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是
表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。一些特殊词之后的where解析：如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, part, condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中” 。where where 1.We are trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk.
A. which B. that C. where D. when
2. ---Do you have anything to say for yourself?
---Yes, there’s one point ____ we must insist on .
A. why B. where C. how D. /高考题链接：做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择恰当的关系词。 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。如：
Those who_____ against the plan put up your hands.
Tom is one of the students who ____ praised by the teacher yesterday.
Tom is the only one of the students who _____ praised by the teacher yesterday.(4)从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致定语从句中的主谓一致arewerewas1). a. I saw some trees, and the leaves of
_______ were black with disease.
b. I saw some trees, the leaves of ______
were black with disease.
2). a. The professor is a little man, on the
nose of ______there is a pair of glasses
b. The professor is a little man, and on the
nose of ______there is a pair of glasses解题点拨 :
　是否有连词是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。
　　　　themwhomwhichhim
____高考考点—易混句型1.定语从句与并列句
1). a. The news ________our volleyball team
won the match made us excited.
　 b. The news __________he told me yesterday
is exciting.
2). a. I made a promise ______ if anyone set me
free, I would make him very rich.
b. The mother made a promise ___________
pleased all her children.
that(that/which)that/whichthat解题点拨：that引导的定语从句是对其先行词的修饰或限制；在句中作成份(作宾语省略),指物时可用which代替；而同位语从句是对前面名词的说明和解释。that在从句中仅起连接作用,不充当成份，不能省略,不能用which代替。
２.定语从句与同位语从句
1) a. It is in this room ______I lived last year.
b. It is the room _______I lived last year.
2) a. It was at seven o’clock ______he went to
school this morning.
b. It was seven o’clock _______he went
to school this morning. 解题点拨：强调句型：It is/was+被强调的成份+that/who+其它部分; 去掉 It is/was….that/who… ,句子照样成立;而定语从句的引导词在句中要作成份。thatwherethatwhen３.定语从句与强调句能力提升 Our class is a big family ; It consists of 11 girls and 33 boys. Most of them are mainly from the countryside. Xiao Ming is a kind-hearted boy. He is always ready to help others. He is such a good boy that we all like him. Our class is a big family which consists of 11 girls and 33 boys, most of whom are mainly from the countryside. Xiao Ming is a kind-hearted boy, who is always ready to help others. He is such a good boy as we all like.定语从句的运用Homework Write an article with the title “My English Teacher” in 5 sentences, using attributive clause.Thank you!