Unit 1 Other countries, other cultures Grammar and usage_ Overview of attributive clauses课件（20张）

课件20张PPT。Grammar and usageThe Attributive clauseIntroduction to attributive clauses 定语从句的含义定语从句的特点 在含有主从句的复合句中，用来修饰限制句中的名词或代词的从句
就是定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词，引导定语从句
的词叫做关系词，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。定语从句通常紧跟先行词，如果定语从句和先行词之间被单词，
词组、句子隔开，就称为分隔性定语从句。 定语从句的分类分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句对先行词起到限制的作用，通常与主句紧密相连，
译为汉语时译为“...的”。
非限制定语从句是对先行词的附加说明，它和主句往往用逗号分开，
译为汉语时定语从句和主句通常构成两个凌并列句。定语从句相关概念：
先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
关系词：连接定语从句和主句，并在定语从中代替先行词充当成分（主语，宾语，表语，定语，以及状语）的词。
1.I loved the lessons that he gave in English literature.
2.All my classmates were fond of the cake that I made.
关系词的分类关系词关系代词关系限定词关系副词
that，which（先行词指物时，在从句中做主、宾、表）
that，who （先行词指人时，在从句中做主、宾、表）
whom （先行词指人时，在从句中做宾语）
whose 在从句中限定另一个名词
when 时间：状语
where 地点：状语
why 原因：状语
......The relative words usually fun_ction as:Subject:
The trees are behind the office building.
They have lost their leaves.
The trees which are behind the building have lost their leaves.
Object:
The man is kind.
Every one likes him.
The man who everyone likes is kind.The relative words usually fun_ction as:Predictive:
Jack used to be a lazy boy.
He is no longer a lazy boy.
Jack is no longer the lazy boy that he used to be.
Attributive:
She has a brother.
I can’t remember his name.
She has a brother whose name I can’t remember.
The relative words usually fun_ction as:Adverbial:
The school is in Shenzhen.
He studied in the school.
The school where he studied is in Shenzhen.关系代词的用法：1.who 指人，作主语或宾语（作宾语可省略）
The man who I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
2.whom指人，作宾语（作宾语可省略，如介词提前则不能省）。
The man (whom/who)I nodded to is Ms Li.
The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.关系代词的用法：3.Which指物，作主语或宾语（作宾语可省略，
如介词提前则不能省）。These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder (which)he is using is made in China.
Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?
Is this the library from which you borrow books?
关系代词的用法：4.That 指人或物，作主语，宾语，表语（作宾语可省略）。A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man (that) I told you about.
He is no longer the boy that he used to be.
注意：that只能用在限定性定语从句中，在非限定性定语从句中永远不能用that。另外，介词后边也不可用that，而是跟which。
e.g. Is this the library from which you borrow books?关系代词的用法：5.关系代词whose 的用法：whose是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。当代物的时候相当于of which。1).I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.
2).Please show me the book whose cover is red.(Please show
me the book the cover of which is red.)Practice: 划出下列句子中的先行词和定语从句，并指出关系词在从句中充当的成分。5Exercise A :fill in the blanks with proper relative words.6.The magazine whose cover is red is nice.注意要点 1，在下列情况下，必须用that引导定语从句 ：e.g. All that we have to do is to practise every day.e.g. This is the first book that I have read.
This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.e.g. I have read all the books that are about this matter.注意要点e.g. He is the only person that I want to talk to.e.g. They talked of things and persons that they
remembered in the school.e.g. Who is the boy that was here just now?e.g. Edison built up a factory which produced things
that had never been seen before.注意要点 2,who,that 在很多情况下可以通用，但是有些情况只能用who。e.g. Anyone who fails to finish the task given should be criticized.e.g. Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.e.g. There is an old man who wants to see you.Exercise : find out the faults and correct them.Which 改成 thatWhich 改成 thatthat 改成 which2.This is the only question which has been answered.3.I shall never forget the years I spent in the country with the farmers , that has a great effect on my life.Exercise B : find out the faults and correct them.Which 改成 that或者去掉which
或者在which前加inWhich 改成 thatWhich 改成 that5.This is the very book which belongs to him.6.I have read every book which is borrowed from the library.Review the relative pronouns.Do some exercise about the
attributive clauses.HOMEWORK