(共8张PPT)
单元知识运用
教材回扣
用本单元所学短语完成句子
1.The only thing we (共有)is that we have both
been to France.?
2. (目前), the world has about 6,800 languages.
(2018全国Ⅰ,阅读理解C)?
3.She sought to use her political influence .
(使与众不同)for all Americans.?
4. (多亏)your help,we succeeded in solving the tough
problem.?
5.Boston is a compact city, which makes it easy .
(四处游玩) on foot.?
答案:1.have in common 2.At present 3.to make a difference 4.Thanks to 5.to get around
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The music can’t be (present) today the way it was in 1908
or 1958.(2017全国Ⅰ,阅读理解C)?
2.You can’t imagine what great difficulty we have ever had .
(deal) with the problems.?
3.Though we completely differ each other character,
we are still good friends.?
4.We were eager to hear the (announce)of the winners of the
race.?
5.Chinese GDP has been growing (steady)year by year.?
语境活用
答案:1.presented 2.dealing 3.from;in 4.announcement 5.steadily
6.As far as I know,it was the car accident due to drunk driving
that led to his (kill).?
7.When (compare) with the size of the whole earth,the
highest mountain doesn’t seem high at all.?
8.The ideas (present) by our manager in the meeting
sound reasonable.?
9.His theory is so that I often get about his
words.(confuse)?
10.I would be the last to attempt (answer) the question.?
答案:6.being killed 7.compared 8.presented 9.confusing;confused
10.to answer
Ⅱ.单句语法改错
1.Compared autumn with other seasons,I like it better.
2.There might be other things they shared in common to us.
3.Do you have any difficulty pass the College Entrance Examination
of 2019?
4.It doesn’t make difference to me whether it rains or snows.
5.I’d like to study law at university, when my cousin prefers
geography.
答案:1.将Compared改为Comparing 2.将to改为with 3.将pass改为passing 4.difference前加a 5.将when改为while
6.My father is in a favour of the plan while my mother is against
it.
7.He referred to as a living Lei Feng because he is always ready
to help others.
8.Tom and Bob are good friends but they have a lot in common.
9.If you do a favour to him,he will be in favour for you in the
class election.
10.From the time he was a child, he was obvious that Michael
Jackson was something special.
答案:6.去掉a 7.referred前加is 8.将but改为and 9.将for改为of 10.将第二个he改为it
微写作
1.很多学生想知道是应该学英国英语还是美国英语。
?
2.虽然它们在拼写、发音和语法上有些不同,但它们仍然有很多相同之处。
?
(借助过渡性词语或句子就能把下面的句子连接成一篇小短文)
答案:1.Many students wonder whether to learn British English or
American English.
2.Though there are some differences between them in spelling,
pronunciation and grammar, they still have much in common.
3.毕竟它们是同一种语言。
?
4.由于美国电影的流行,美国英语比英国英语更受欢迎。
?
5.就我而言,选择学习哪种语言没有任何影响。
?
答案:3.After all, they are the same language.
4.Compared to British English,American English is more popular thanks to the popularity of American movies.
5.As far as I’m concerned, it doesn’t make any difference which language I choose to learn.
(共29张PPT)
必修5
Module 1 British and American English
原文缩写
关键知识
基础知识
原文缩写·再现 巧复现·重记忆
There’re four ways that British and American English differ from each other.The first and most obvious way is in the vocabulary.In grammar there’re a few 1. (differ).The British say Have you got...?2.
Americans prefer Do you have...? The British use prepositions 3.
Americans sometimes omit them.The other two areas in which the two 4. (variety) are different are spelling and 5. (pronounce).
However,with communications developing 6. (steady) for over a century,some experts believe that the two varieties 7. (move) closer together due 8. satellite TV and the Internet.On the other hand,
English 9. (speak) with different accents;in the future,there are going to be many “Englishes”.In spite of this,users of English will have no difficulty 10. (understand) each other. ?
答案:1.differences 2.while 3.where 4.varieties 5.pronunciation 6.steadily 7.are moving 8.to 9.is spoken 10.understanding
1.confusing adj.令人困惑的;难懂的
关键知识·盘点 解疑难·提智能
典例链接:
①I always confuse you with your sister.You are so alike.
我总是把你和你妹妹弄混。你们俩很像。
②All your changes of plan have made me totally confused.
你把计划改来改去让我完全糊涂了。
③Sometimes the same word has a slightly different meaning,
which can be confusing.
有时,同一个单词的意思有稍微的不同,这会令人困惑。
④He gazed in confusion at the strange sight.
他困惑地凝视着这种奇怪的景象。
巧学活用:
他们提了这么多令人困惑的问题,把我难住了。我完全糊涂了,困惑地站在那儿不知所措。
They me by asking so many questions. I was totally , standing there , not knowing what to do. (confuse)?
confused
confusing
confused
in confusion
重点领悟 ①confuse v.使困惑; 使难于理解
②confuse A with B把 A和B 弄混
③confused adj.感到困惑的
④in confusion 困惑地?
2.differ vi.不同,有区别
典例链接:
①Because a college community(群体) differs from the family,
many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging.
因为大学群体与家庭不同,所以许多学生会努力地寻找归属感。
②These bags differ in size, but not in shape.
这些包只是大小不同,并无形状之异。
③The two leaders had differed on the issue of sanctions.
两位领导人在制裁问题上存在意见分歧。
④There are many differences between Americans and Chinese in
managing time.
一句多译
→Americans and Chinese differ greatly in managing time.
→Americans differ from Chinese greatly in managing time.
→Americans are very different from Chinese in managing time.
美国人和中国人在时间的处理上有许多不同。
重点领悟 ①differ from...与……不同
②differ in...在……方面不同
③be different from...不同于……
巧学活用:
①People differ one another their ability to handle
stress.
②This picture is from that one.Compare them and tell
the between them.(differ)
from
in
different
difference
3.present vt.陈述,提出(观点、计划等),展现; 赠送;颁发
adj.目前的;出席的;现在的
n.礼物,赠品; 目前,现在
典例链接:
①The company presented a medal to him on the day when he retired.
The company presented him with a medal on the day when he retired.
公司在他退休那天给他颁发了一枚勋章。
②The music can’t be presented today the way it was in the past.
这种音乐现今不能用过去那样的方式展现出来。
③How many people were present at the meeting yesterday?
昨天出席会议的有多少人?
④Never before have the students been so inspired as at present.
学生们从来没有像现在这样精神振奋。
⑤I’ll leave my bicycle behind. I don’t need it for the present.
我要把自行车留下来,我暂时不需要它。
特别提示:present用作形容词,意为“在场的”时,通常作表语或后置定语;意为“目前的,现在的”时,常作前置定语。如:
He counted the number of people present at the party and it added up to twenty-one.
他数了一下聚会上在场的人数,总共有21人。
I’m not at all satisfied with the present situation.
我对目前的状况一点都不满意。
【巧学助记】
The boy present at the meeting was considering asking his sister for a book on the present tense as a birthday present.
出席会议的男孩正考虑向他的姐姐要一本关于现在时态的书作为生日礼物。
重点领悟 ①present sb. with sth. / present sth. to sb.向某人赠送某物
②be present at...出席……
③at present(=at the present time)目前,现在
④ for the present 目前;暂时
4.have...in common有相同的特点;有共同之处
典例链接:
①We have really everything in common with America nowadays,except
of course,language.
现今我们除了语言之外其他方面都与美国有相同之处。
②He married someone with whom he has little in common.
他和一个与他几乎没有共同点的人结了婚。
③Britain,in common with many other industrialized countries, has
experienced major changes over the last 100 years.
与许多其他工业化国家一样,英国在过去一百年里经历了重大的变化。
巧学活用:
Judging from (常识), (与……一样) other twins,Lucy should (与……有很多共同之处) her twin sister Lily in hobbies,but their parents said they (与……很少有共同之处) each other,which surprised all of us.
common sense/knowledge
in common with
have a lot in common with
had little in common with
重点领悟 ①have a lot/much/a great deal in common with...与……有
很多共同之处
②have little/not much/nothing in common with...与……很
少有/没多少/没有共同之处
③in common with ...与……一样
5.make a difference有影响,使不相同
典例链接:
①Your absence makes a great difference to me.
你的缺席对我产生很大影响。
②The sizes make no difference in the price.
不论规格大小价钱都一样。
③Johnson didn’t seem to be able to tell the difference between
right and wrong.
约翰逊似乎不能分辨是非曲直。
重点领悟 ①make much/a big/a great difference to对……有很大的
影响(作用)
②make no/little difference to 对……没有/几乎没有影
响(作用);对……不重要/无所谓
③tell the difference between...and...区分……和……
6.get around到处旅行,四处走动;游历;(消息等)传开,散播出去;克服,解决
(问题或困难);规避,避开(法律或规章);通过取悦(或奉承)说服
在横线上填写出短语的汉意
①It is difficult for Mary to get around since she broke her leg.
.
②It quickly got around that Joshua was back in town. .
③None of these countries has found a way yet to get around the
problem of the polarization of wealth. .
④She knows how to get around her dad. .
⑤It’s wrong of you to get around the regulation. .
四处走动
传开
解决
通过取悦或奉承说服
规避
7.lead to引起;导致;通往
典例链接:
①All roads lead to Rome.
条条大路通罗马。
②Your question leads me to another point.
你的问题引出了我的又一个要点。
③After showing us around the dining room, he led us to the kitchen.
带我们看了餐厅后,他领着我们进了厨房。
④Such actions lead us to distrust him.
他的这种行为使我们不信任他。
⑤Our Party leads us in building socialism.
党领导我们建设社会主义。
特别提示:lead to中to为介词,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
巧学活用:
①What has led you (believe) all roads lead Rome?
②The discovery of the new evidence eventually led to the
official’s (arrest).
to believe
to
being arrested
重点领悟 ①lead ...to+n.带领……前往某处;使某人得出(观点)
②lead ...to do sth.促使/诱使/引导某人做某事
③lead ...in doing sth.领导某人做某事
一句多译
缺乏自信可能导致很多痛苦。
③A lack of confidence can a lot of suffering.
④A lack of confidence can a lot of suffering.
⑤A lack of confidence can a lot of suffering.
⑥A lack of confidence can a lot of suffering.
⑦A lot of suffering can a lack of confidence.
lead to
cause
result in
bring about
result from
8.A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than
understanding a New Yorker.
伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。
典例链接:
①Some people have more difficulty than others in keeping their weight
down.
有些人比别人更难减肥。
②You may have difficulty with this book at first, but you’ll find it
much easier as you go along.
开始时你或许会觉得这本书难读,但过些时候你便会觉得容易得多。
③Knowing the size of our globe, one would think that there was no
difficulty in determining its weight.
有人会认为,只要知道了地球的大小,确定它的重量是不成问题的。
特别提示:在考查句型have difficulty (in) doing sth.时,difficulty往往提前作为主句中的先行词,定语从句中会出现have v.-ing形式。difficulty还可换成trouble或problem。试比较:
You can’t imagine the difficulty he had passed the exam.( × )
You can’t imagine the difficulty he had passing the exam.( √ )
重点领悟 ①have(some/much/great/no/little) difficulty/trouble/problems
(in) doing sth.做某事(有一些/有许多/有大量/没有/几乎没有)
困难?
②have difficulty with sth.在某事上有难处
③There is (some) difficulty in doing sth./with sth.做某事有
(一些)困难?
巧学活用:
①—Did you have difficulty (find) Ann’s house?
—Not really.She had given us clear directions and we were able to
find it easily.(2015北京卷)
②For me,there is no trouble (finish) the task in two days.
③I had a hard time (finish) the task while he was on the
contrary.
finding
finishing
finishing
基础知识·达标 细疏理·固双基
1. adj.令人困惑的;难懂的
v.使困惑
adj.感到困惑的
confusion n. .
2. vi.不同,有区别
n.区别
adj.不同的
confusing
confuse
confused
混乱,困惑
differ
difference
different
单
词
过
关
3. vt.陈述,提出(观点、计划等)
adj.目前的,现在的
n.现在;礼物
presentation n. .
4. vt.比较
comparison n. .
5. n.努力,尝试
v.企图,努力
6. n.种类
adj.各种各样的
v.改变,不同
present
提交;演出;开场白
compare
比较
attempt
variety
various
vary
单
词
过
关
7. n.评论;讲话
v.谈到,说起
remarkable adj. .
8. n.声明;宣告
v.宣告;宣布
9. vt.加;增加
n.增加
additional adj. .
10. vt.简化
adj.简单的
adv.简单地;仅仅
remark
不寻常的,卓越的
announcement
announce
add
addition
追加的,附加的
simplify
simple
simply
单
词
过
关
11. vt. 批评
n. 批评
n.批评家,评论家
12. n. 参考;查阅
v.查阅
13.steadily adv. .
14.combination n. .
15.distinctive adj. .
criticise
criticism
critic
reference
refer
不断地;持续地
组合;结合
与众不同的
单
词
过
关
1.have... common 有相同的特点
2.make a 有影响,使不相同
3.get 四处走动(旅行)
4.lead 引起;导致
5.in of 同意;支持
6.thanks 幸亏,多亏,由于
7.refer ... ... 称……为……
in
difference
around
to
favour
to
to
as
短
语
记
忆
1. doesn’t make much of a difference a
teacher speaks British American English.
不论老师说英式英语还是美式英语都影响不大。
2.A Londoner a
Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.
伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说
话更难。
3.Users of English will all be able to understand each
other— .
无论在哪里说英语的人都将会彼此理解。
It
whether
or
has
more
difficulty
understanding
wherever
they
are
句
型
整
理
Module 1 British and American English
Ⅰ.话题延读
We do not usually think about how our language works. Talking is such a natural,
everyday activity that we do not often stop to consider how it actually works. When we do study our language, though,we are often surprised that we are able to understand our conversations.Words can mean so many different things. However, it turns out that the speaking situation helps a lot in making language work.
First, the speaking situation helps make words more particular. For example, the word“dog”can describe a dog that a speaker saw in a dream. It can also be used to discuss a neighbor’s dog. No language has a separate word for the idea “dog that I saw yesterday” and another word for the idea “dog that I saw in a dream”.This is because the speaking situation makes it clear what speakers mean when they use words. So, when you have a conversation with your neighbor, the knowledge that you have a dog tells your neighbor what the word “dog” probably means in that situation.
The speaking situation also helps make language clearer. For example, the word “bank” has two possible meanings. It can mean “a place where people keep money”,but it can also mean “the side of a river”.So the sentence “I went to the bank” is not clear. It could mean “I went to the side of the river” or it could mean “I went to the place where my money is kept”.However, if the speaker is talking about fishing or going to the mountains, others probably know that “bank” means “the side of a river”.
The things that speakers say may not always be clear. Sometimes the words are not very particular, but the speaking situation can provide the meaning. Other times words may have many meanings. Then the speaking situation limits the right meaning. This extra knowledge from the situation is very important to understand language.
1.The passage is mainly about .?
A.the best time and place to talk to others
B.how speaking situation helps language work
C.what to say in difficult situations
D.how our language works
2.According to the passage, we can safely say that .?
A.a speaking situation does not affect the meaning of words
B.speaking is not very natural for most people
C.a speaking situation is not important
D.people often do not consider how talking works
3.By using the example of the word “dog”, the writer wants to show that .?
A.a word may need to be explained in a conversation
B.a word may have different meanings
C.speaking situation helps people understand the particular meaning of a word
D.the meaning of words is not particular
4.According to the passage, we can know the meaning of the word “bank” by referring to .?
A.the time and the place where the conversation happens
B.the occupation of the person who uses the word
C.earlier or later parts of the conversation
D.a reliable dictionary
语篇解读:本文讲述了语境对语言的理解起着很大作用。
答案及剖析:
1.B 主旨大意题。本文讲述了语境对语言的理解起着很大作用,故选B。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We do not usually think about how our language works.Talking is such a natural, everyday activity that we do not often stop to consider how it actually works.”可知,选D。
3.C 推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句话“First,the speaking situation helps make words more particular.”和下文的“For example”可知,下文正是用dog一词举例来论证第二段的第一句话,故选C。
4.C 细节理解题。根据第三段所讲,作者用bank一词举例说明对话中这个词之前或之后的部分决定了这个词的含义,故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2018河北卓越联盟试题)
Common-sense Safety Tips for Travelling Abroad
When a holiday is just around the corner, you may be planning a trip abroad. But to enjoy a worry-free adventure abroad, you also should pay attention to the following common-sense safety tips for travelling abroad.
1. ?
Another reason to take only carry-on carriage besides avoiding baggage fees is that the less you have to carry around, the more quickly you can move, if necessary. You should always have a free hand. Besides, you won’t be exhausted from dragging all those bags around.2. ?
Lock it up.
Leave your hotel with only what you need and lock up the rest. Take a lock for your luggage just in case your hotel doesn’t offer a safe.3. If you
don’t need all your cash and cards, don’t take them all with you when you go out for a day of sightseeing or shopping. Also, leave your passport in the hotel. Make photocopies of all your important documents and leave the hotel with a copy of your passport plus a photo I.D.Why?4. If all of your identification is in it, imagine the trouble you have to go through to replace it all.?
Think and plan.
Always keep in mind that, when you travel abroad, you are in a place you
don’t know well and you can always be a target. Trust your senses.5. After your arrival, ask the hotel staff and locals about the areas you are thinking of visiting, especially at night. And you should walk in well-lit areas at night and know how to contact the local police with your cell phone or a payphone in a foreign country, if necessary.?
A.Travel light.
B.Pay by credit card.
C.Imagine having your bag stolen off a restaurant table.
D.You should also make it a habit to take your watch with you.
E.Plus, dragging lots of luggage is a dead giveaway (一次彻底的暴露) that you
aren’t a local resident.
F.You should call ahead to be sure, especially if your luggage is made of cloth material.
G.You are smart and mature, so if something or some situation doesn’t feel safe, it probably isn’t.
答案:1—5 AEFCG
Ⅲ.完形填空
Most people are always complaining about having no time to accompany their children,but is it true?Two years ago,Shirley,a wife,mother and doctor,found herself worn out. She got up earlier,and went to bed later,just to meet everyday
1 ,but lacked 2 for the things that mattered most. She and her husband,a lawyer,began searching for ways to 3 their lives.“We had to decide what was really 4 ,”says Shirley. They knew they wanted more time to 5 with their three-year-old son,to exercise and eat right,and to develop friendship. So the couple chose to live more simply, shopping with care for necessities and enjoying inexpensive 6 such as reading,cooking and going to the park.?
Then Shirley 7 her job and began working part-time. She printed business cards that 8 “At your service,buy 9 a little time” and helped clients with personal tasks like shopping,paying bills and 10 parties.“I still work hard,but being able to control my hours makes a 11 ,”she says.“I can spare time to take my son to the 12 or play basketball with him. My stress and headaches are
13 .”Shirley and her husband are 14 alone in wanting to 15 and live a satisfying life. A survey found that 54 percent of parents say they have little time with their children,and 47 percent of married couples 16 that they lack time together. 17 does the time go??
For most people, 18 and commuting take up most of the day. Simplifying means becoming 19 of the ways we use money;we have to gain 20 over life and have time for the pleasures.?
1.A.activities B.demands C.services D.exercises
2.A.time B.strength C.money D.ability
3.A.lead B.adapt C.simplify D.consider
4.A.important B.interesting C.hard D.comfortable
5.A.study B.help C.meet D.play
6.A.tasks B.places C.pleasures D.goods
7.A.found B.received C.took D.quitted
8.A.wrote B.read C.showed D.told
9.A.us B.yourself C.children D.herself
10.A.organizing B.attending C.having D.going
11.A.life B.result C.differenceD.balance
12.A.office B.hospital C.school D.park
13.A.better B.gone C.strong D.obvious
14.A.much too B.a bit C.far from D.more than
15.A.slow down B.settle down C.take off D.keep pace
16.A.expect B.doubt C.imagine D.complain
17.A.How B.When C.Where D.Why
18.A.working B.reading C.shopping D.travelling
19.A.afraid B.aware C.proud D.sure
20.A.value B.experience C.success D.control
语篇解读:本文叙述了Shirley是如何从繁重的工作和家务中摆脱出来从而生活得更加从容和快乐的。
答案及剖析:
1.B 从上文的描述可知,Shirley每天忙于琐事。meet everyday demands意为“满足每天的需求”,故选B。
2.A 因为忙于琐事,所以没时间做更重要的事情,故选A。
3.C 由下文的“live more simply”的暗示可知,选C。A项lead意思是“过(某种生活)”;B项adapt意思是“适应”;C项simplify意思是“使简单,使简化”;D项consider意思是
“考虑”。
4.A 这里用important与上文中的“mattered most”照应,故选A。
5.D 由“take my son to the 12 or play basketball with him”可知,他们想有更多的时间陪孩子玩耍,故选D。?
6.C 根据后面列举的内容可知,此处表示享受不贵的乐事,故选C。
7.D 由“began working part-time”可知,她选择了辞职,故选D。
8.B 表示“卡片上写着……”应该用read或者say,故选B。
9.B 根据“At your service”可知,应用yourself,故选B。
10.A 本句中列举了她为客户做的事情,比如购物、结算账单、组织聚会,故选A。
11.C 她仍然努力工作,但是能够控制时间起了作用,故选C。make a difference表示“有作用,有影响”。
12.D 与之前的生活对比,她现在有时间陪伴孩子,带孩子去公园,和孩子打篮球,故选D。
13.B 随着时间的调整和日常活动的合理安排,她的精神状况也相应改善了,压力没有了,头痛也消失了。故选B。
14.C 根据下一句的“A survey found that 54 percent of parents say they have little time with their children”可知,不单单是Shirley夫妇想要放慢生活节奏。far from意思是“远非”,故选C。
15.A 参见上题剖析。
16.D 54%的父母说他们没时间陪伴孩子,也有47%的夫妇抱怨他们缺时间相处,故选D。
17.C 此处为根据上文的调查提出的疑问:时间都去哪儿了,故选C。
18.A 工作和长途乘车上下班占据了很多人的大部分日常时间,故选A。
19.B become aware of表示“清楚,意识到”,故选B。
20.D 由上文的“being able to control my hours”可知,此处指我们必须掌控生活,拥有快乐的时间。故选D。
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