（人教版）高中英语必修4：第1-2单元总结与复习

Unit 1-3 词句复习
学习目标
重点词句
说明：重点单词短语在各个单元的重点词汇中已经详细讲过，在复习单元中只就容易用错的部分进行重点提示和补充。
Unit 1: spend, observe, outspoken, respect, deliver
Unit 2: focus, struggle, provide, reduce, regret
Unit 3: entertain, convince, overcome, failure, react
Unit 1: devote… to…, lead a ... life(＝live a ... life)，care for，by chance，come across，carry on“only+状语”+部分倒装结构
Unit 2: Thanks to, would rather, be satisfied, build up, lead to, keep…free of/from, focus on, as用法小结
Unit 3: feel/be content with, pick out, cut off, star in, as引导非限制性定语从句
重点语法
Subject—Verb Agreement
动名词作主语，宾语和表语
-ing作定语和宾语补足语
综合运用
阅读理解的主旨大意解题技巧上
重点词句
spend
【点拨】1. v. to pay money or to use time, etc. 花钱；花时间
He has spent all his money.
他把钱都花光了。
2. spend sth. (on sth.) (to give or pay out money for goods, services, etc. 用钱；花钱
He spent all his servings on a new car.
他花光全部的积蓄买了一辆新车。
3. spend sth (on sth/in doing sth): to use (time, etc.) for a purpose 花（时间）等。其中-ing前的介词可以省略。
He spent his whole life looking after the poor.
他毕生的时间都花在照顾穷人身上。
observe
【点拨】1. v. to see and notice; watch carefully 注意到；观察；监视
He observes keenly, but says little.
他敏锐观察，但是很少说话。
2. v. obey (rules, laws, etc.)遵守，奉行（规则或法令等）
He observes the laws of the land.
他遵守该国的法律。
3. v. celebrate (festivals, birthdays, anniversaries, etc) 庆祝过（节日或生日等）
Do they observe Christmas Day in that country? 那个国家的人过圣诞节吗？
outspoken
【点拨】adj. expressing your opinions honestly and directly 直言不讳的
As a former schoolmaster, he has always been outspoken on education issues and a firm supporter of traditional learning methods.
作为前任校长，他总是就教育问题坦率得发表意见，坚定得支持传统的学习方法。
deliver
【点拨】deliver 是动词意思比较多。除了递送还有其他的意思。
1. express sth. such as an opinion表达(自己的观点)
deliver oneself of sth.
It's so uninteresting to listen to a politician delivering himself of his views.
听一个政客发表自己的观点太乏味了。
2. rescue sb. from sth. /save sb. /free sb.
May God deliver us from evil.
愿上帝拯救我们脱离罪恶。
focus
【点拨】1.cause sth. to be concentrated at a point是某物集中于一点
If you focus bright sunlight on dry wood with a magnifying glass，it will start to burn．
用放大镜把强阳光聚焦到干柴上，干柴就会燃烧起来。
2. concentrate on sth. 集中于某事物
I am so tired I can’t focus on anything today.
今天太累了，精力集中不起来。
Please focus your minds on the following problem.
请集中考虑一下下列问题。
3. become able to see clearly能够看清楚
His eyes focused slowly in the dark room.
他在那间黑屋子里慢慢地看清了东西。
struggle
【点拨】(1)fight (with sb.) （与某人）争斗, 搏斗, 打斗
(2) move one's body vigorously, trying to get free 挣扎
The prisoner struggled against his captors but couldn’t escape.
那囚犯挣扎着要摆脱那些逮他的人却未能逃脱。
(3) try to overcome difficulties 克服困难
struggle with a problem, one’s conscience 同困难做斗争,与自己的良心搏斗
(4) make great efforts 努力做
I’m struggling to finish the huge helping you gave me.
你给我添了这么多吃的，我得尽力吃完。
struggle n.
a power struggle 权力斗争
the class struggle 阶级斗争
provide
【点拨】provide sth. for sb. /provide sb. with sth. 给某人提供某物
provide against sth. 防备发生某事；预防某事
provide for sb. 供应某人所需
provide for sth. 为某事的发生做准备
The firm has provided the manager with a new car．
这家公司已经向这位经理提供了一辆新的汽车。
(2018 浙江高考) The walk provided her with spiritual comfort.
走步让她感到精神上的舒适。
【辨析】provide, supply, offer 的区别
provide和supply，offer，都有“供给、提供”的意思，但用法不同。
provide指有远见，为应付意外、紧急情况等作好充分准备而“供给、提供”，可用于
provide sb.（with sth.）或provide sth.（for sb.）结构。
He persuaded other people to provide money or to give help.
他说服别人提供钱或给予帮助。
The school provided food for the students.
学校为学生提供伙食。
They provided us with all the books we need.
他们为我们提供所需要的所有书籍。
supply通常指定期“供应”，强调替代或补充所需物品，常用于supply sb. with sth.或supply sth. to sb.结构。
The cars will be supplied to people all over the country.
这些汽车将供应给全国各地的人们。
Cows supply us with milk.
母牛供给我们牛奶。
In Britain milk is supplied to each house in bottles.
在英国牛奶是装在瓶子里送往每家每户的。
offer侧重表示“愿意给予”，常用于offer sb. sth.或offer to do sth. 结构，后不能接宾语从句。
She offered me a cup of tea.
她给我端了杯茶。
He offered to go instead of me.
他主动提出代替我去。
entertain
【点拨】1. v. have guests; provide food and drink for guests 款待
They entertained guests with refreshments.
他们以茶点招待客人。
2. v. amuse sb. 使某人欢乐
He entertained us with music.
他以音乐使我们快乐。
3. v. be ready and willing to consider sth.愿意考虑
He refused to entertain our proposal.
他拒绝考虑我们的意见。
entertainment n. 娱乐
One day virtual reality will revolutionize the entertainment industry.
有一天虚拟现实将使娱乐业发生革命性的变化。
failure
【点拨】n. 1. a person or a thing that fails 失败的人或事
He was a failure as a teacher.
他当过教师，却不称职。
2. lack of success 失败，不成功
Failure in one examination should not stop you trying again.
一次考试不及格不应妨碍你再试一次。
The enterprise was doomed to failure.
改企业注定要失败。
react
【点拨】v. 1. ~to sb./sth. behave differently or change as as a result of sth; respond 反应
People can react badly to certain food additives.
有的人对某些食品的添加剂产生严重的变态反应。
2. ~against sb./sth. respond to sb./sth. with hostility, resistance, etc.反对；反抗
Will the people ever react against dictator?
有朝一日人民会起来反抗这个独裁者吗？
3. ~with sth. 指物质起化学反应
Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust.
铁与水和空气起反应而生锈。
reaction n.
What was his reaction to the news?
他对这消息的反应如何？
Unit 1
devote …to…
【点拨】重点句型 1. v. devote oneself/sth. to sb./sth. 为（某人或某事）付出（时间或精力等）
He devoted his life to the promotion of world peace.
他一生致力于促进世界和平。
2. 热衷于
She devoted herself to tennis in her teens.
她少女时代热衷于网球。
devotion U.(to sb./sth.) deep strong love
a mother’s devotion to her children
母亲对子女深深得疼爱。
devoted adj. ~ ( to sb./sth.) very loyal or loving 热爱的；非常热衷的
a devoted son, friend, supporter, etc. 孝子，忠实的朋友，不遗余力的支持者
She is devoted to her children.
她深爱她的的孩子们。
be satisfied
【点拨】be contented 感到满意的，满足的
I was not satisfied with the result.
我对那个结果感到不满意。
He was satisfied when he won the race.
他对赢得比赛感到满意。
I felt quite satisfied after my big meal.
我这顿饭吃得很多，觉得很饱。
pick out
【点拨】1. choose sb./sth. from a number of people/things挑选；挑出；拣(出)：
I have picked out the bad tomatoes from the basket.
我把篮子里的坏西红柿拣出来。
2. 挖出，啄出：
The bird picked the nut out of the shell.
鸟从核桃壳里啄出肉来。
3. distinguish sb./sth. from surrounding people or things(从周围的人、东西等中)辨认出；辨别出，区别出
At once I picked out my elder brother in the crowd.
我立刻在人群中认出我大哥来。
4. discover or recognize sth. after careful study弄清(一段文字等的意义)；弄明白；领会：
I have to pick out its meaning with the help of an English translation.
我必须借助英文的译文才把意义弄明白。
5. play a piece of music, eg on the piano凭听觉记忆在钢琴等上奏出(曲调)；一个一个音地演奏：
She tried to pick out the tune of a song she had heard on the radio.
她试图凭借听觉记忆把从无线电台广播中听到的一首歌曲弹奏出来。
as 用法小结
1. as作副词，表示程度，意为“同样地”。在“as．．．as．．．”，“not as．．．as．．．”结构中的第一个as是副词，作“和／与．．．(不)一样”解。
Jack is as tall as his father．
杰克和他的父亲一样高。
He doesn't speak English as／so fluently as you．
他的英语说得不如你流利。
2. as作介词。
(1)．作“如，像”解。
They got united as one man．
他们团结得像一个人一样。
(2)．作“充当，作为”解。
As a writer，he was famous．
作为作家，他是很有名的。
3. as作连词，常用来连接主句和从句。
(1)．引导时间状语从句，作“当．．．的时候”解，有“随着．．．”之意，与while意义相近，强调两个动作同时发生；或某事一发生，另一事立即发生。
He shouted aloud as her ran along．他一边往前跑，一边高声地呼喊。
(2)．引导原因状语从句，作“因为，由于”解，与because的用法相近。
I must stop writing now，as I have rather a lot of work to do．
我必须停笔了，因为我还有许多工作要做。
(3)．引导方式状语从句或比较状语从句，作“正如，(如)像”解。例eg：
When at Rome，do as Romans do．入乡随俗。(方式状语从句)
(4)．引导让步状语从句，作“虽然，尽管”解。这时从句常用倒装语序，即把从句中的表语、状语或动词原形放在as之前。
Strange as it may seem，it is true．尽管这事看上去很奇怪，但却是真的。
Try as he might，Tom could not get out of the difficulties．不管怎样努力，汤姆还是摆脱不了困境。
4. as作关系代词。
(1)．引导限制性定语从句，用在“such．．．as”,“the same．．．as”，“as．．．as”等结构中，常译作“像．．．一样的人(或物)”，“凡是．．．的人(或物)”。
eg：He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was．他曾希望做一个像雷锋那样的人。
(2)．引导非限制性定语从句，用来指代它前面的整个句子(即先行句)，意思是“这一点”。这个分句可以位于句首、句中或句末。
As is well known，oceans cover more than 70％ of the earth．我们知道，海洋占地球面积的百分之七十以上。
重点语法：
主谓一致
重点：就近一致原则
谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语。
1. 由or, nor, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also连接的并列结构作主语，随后的动词形式通常按照“就近原则”处理。
(1).You or she __good at Chinese. （is）
(2).___either you or she wrong? (are)
2. 以here, there开头的句子，谓语动词的单复数形式看后面的主语而定，如果主语不止一个，谓语动词于最近的主语保持一致。
(1) Here __some bags. （is）
(2)There __a pen and three boxes on the desk. （is）
重点：随前原则
当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, with ,like, rather than, together with , but ,
except, besides, ,including等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数由主语的单、复数而定。
The captain as well as his team ______interviewed shortly after they won the gold medal. (was / were)
动名词作主语，宾语和表语
Seeing is believing. (主语)注意：动名词做主语时谓语动词用单数。
眼见为实
Do you mind my(me) smoking ?（宾语）
你介意我抽烟吗？
His job is looking after the animals.（表语）
他的工作是照顾动物。
练一练：
Many of the only children are so accustomed to __________ that they react violently when they hear something different．
A．having praised B．praised
C．praising D．being praised
【答案解析】D。解析：独生子中的许多如此习惯于被表扬以致于当他们听到不同的事情时都会反应很剧烈。Be accustomed to +动词ing形式，“习惯于”，句子的主语是praise的动作承受者，故用v-ing形式的被动式。故选D。
-ing作定语和宾语补足语
They lived in a room facing the shopping mall. (定语)
= They lived in a room that faces the shopping mall. （定语从句）
他们住在一间面朝购物广场的房子。
Amy, please tell the people seated and __________for their turns to come to my office five minutes later．
A．wait B． waiting C． waited D． to wait
【答案解析】B。解析：句意：“艾米，请告诉坐在那里排队等着的人们，五分钟后到我的办公室。”分析句子结构可知，“seated and ________ for their turns”是定语，修饰the people, the people与wait之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故选waiting。
When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the exit. (宾补)
当我们回到学校时, 发现一个陌生人站在门口。
综合运用
阅读理解的主旨大意解题技巧上
常用提问方式
1. The story mainly tells us _____.
2. From the passage we know/can conclude that _____.
3. What is the subject discussed in the text?
4. The main idea of Paragraph 1 is _____.
5. Paragraph 2 deals with ____.
1. 主题句在文首
文章的第一句起着点题的作用，概括了文章的主要内容或信息，下文接着对主题句所涉及的话题进行具体的阐述。
A JINTAN, JIANGSU: The 20 students — 18 boys and 2 girls —had a thousand reasons to be proud of themselves. They had just climbed their way to the top rung (阶梯) out of 4 million students taking part in the Fifth National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest on Tuesday evening.
The 20 gold medal winners are all primary and middle school students under the age of 14.
“Many of the problems are of college level and these pupils can figure them out. It is just unbelievable!” said a teacher from Guangdong province.
Named after China’s most famous mathematician, Hua Luogeng, the contest started in 1986, one year after his death. In less than 10 years, it has been recognized by the State Education Commission
(国家教委) as the country’s biggest and best contest of its kind.
This news story is mainly about ______.
A. when the contest started B. how the contest got its name
C. the 20 pupils who have won gold medals in the contest
D. the 5th National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest
2. 主题句在文中
开始部分是引题，接着是点题，最后是对主题进行叙述，主题句常常起着承上启下的作用。
In 1901, H. G. Wells, an English writer, wrote a book describing a trip to the moon. When the explorers (探险者) landed on the moon, they discovered that the moon was full of underground cities. They expressed their surprise to the “moon people” they met....
H.G. Wells could only imagine travel to the moon. In 1969, ... However, the question that the “moon people” asked....
Underground systems are already in place. Many cities have underground car parks. In some cities, such as ....
But what about underground cities? Japan’s Taisei Corporation is designing a network of underground system, called “Alice Cities” ....
Supporters of underground development say.... Would you?
What would be the best title for the text?
A. Alice Cities—cities of the future B. Space travel with H.G. Wells
C. Enjoy living underground D. Building down, not up
阶段测试
一、根据提示填入单词
1. He _____________(很惊奇)why people built ugly homes，when they could have beautiful ones．
2. You may not like her, but you have to a_________ that she’s good at her job.
3. _______(作为) an outgoing girl, I get along well with my classmates.
4. We’ve been s___________ a lot of time singing in karaoke bars.
5. He ______________(努力地) to control his temper.
6. The eggs were _____________(递送)from the farm along with the milk.
7. You should learn how to e___________ yourself and enjoy your life.
8. I shouted at her, but she didn't__________(做出反应) at all.
二、完成句子
1. （2018 湖南高考）When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, _______(想知道)whether to stay or leave.(wonder)
2. She’s ___________(建立)a very successful business.
3. ___________(多亏) his help，we finished our work on time．
4. She didn't look up or __________(反应)in any way.
5. Thousands of people____________（仔细观察)the ship leaving the harbor today.
6. From his manner, we drew the inference that he _______________(满意)the exam.
7. It is impossible to _____________（奉献）enough time and energy in their study and job.
三、 词义辨析
用provide, supply和offer来填空
(1) These letters should _________ us with all the information we need. ?
(2) We __________power to the three nearby towns.
(3) He __________me a glass of wine..
四、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词正确形式。
In my opinion, we should try our best 1 (realize) our goals even though 2 is little hope. The efforts seem to be the lights in the darkness, leading the way to hope and success.
I used to be 3 shy girl in my primary school. I was weak in English at that time, especially for 4 (speak) English. So I was afraid to answer the teacher’s questions during English classes. After I entered my dream middle school. Something 5 (change). I started to read many 6 (interest) English stories and my English teacher was patient to help me a lot. I studied hard in class and practiced by watching English films and listening to English songs in my free time. Little 7 little, I found 8 more and more interesting to learn English. I could even talk with my classmates 9 (fluent) in English and I was not shy any more. At last, I got high grades in English and I had 10 ( confident) to do it better in the future.
五、完型填空
I was said to be the worst student in my class, and my family thought I was hopeless. I had to ___1___grade six. at that time a new teacher, Miss Sadia, came to our school.
One day after class, she ___2___hat I was staying alone during the lunch break. She came to me and began to talk to me. It was just a ___3___ conversation. After that day, she gave me particular ___4___and it made me feel special(特别). I started to work hard because she gave me the feeling that ___5___believed me , and my ___6___started to improve(提高) in her subject.
Months later, she moved into a house near my ___7___. We would walk home together after school. Her constant (不断的 ) support helped me, ___8___in my studies, as I knew she would ___9___my grades both in her subject and the other subjects. I finally __10____second in my class.
Then, after grade six, she started to slowly drift away（疏远）__11____still kept a constant(不断的) check on me. By the time I was in grade seven, we ___12___ spoke, but by then I had become the ___13___in my class. When I left my school, I was ___14___with her, as she never answered the ___15___when I called her.
Then I graduated and went to a good university. One fine day, our paths（路） ___16___again. I met her at a wedding. I could not ___17___asking her, "Why did you stop talking to me?"
"You are a clever boy. I wanted you to be a tree___18___ on your own roots, not depending on (依靠)others. Now here you are and I feel ___19___of you. You are your inspiration and do not need to ___20___a shoulder," she said. I could not say anything, but I smiled. I'll always thank her .
1．A. jump B. attend C. copy D. repeat
2．A. heard B. noticed C. learned D. sensed
3．A. stupid B. useless C. normal D. secret
4．A. attention B. attraction C. explanation D. examination
5．A. everyone B. someone C. anyone D. nobody
6．A. words B. objects C. classes D. grades
7．A. home B. school C. hotel D. company
8．A. generally B. actually C. especially D. usually
9．A. change B. look C. improve D. check
10．A. received B. came C. caught D. held
11．A. but B. as C. or D. so
12．A. ever B. often C. once D. hardly
13．A. oldest B. strongest C. best D. cleverest
14．A. out of touch B. in common C. out of reach D. in touch
15．A. road B. schoolyard C. phone D. machine
16．A. separated B. formed C. added D. crossed
17．A. finish B. help C. prevent D. keep
18．A. standing B. flying C. growing D. sitting
19．A. sad B. proud C. good D. ashamed
20．A. give up B. get on C. look for D. take up
六、阅读理解
Farmer John and Farmer Bob were neighbours. For more than 30 years, they had been getting along very well.
Then their good relationship broke. It began with a small thing, then bitter words, and then weeks of silence. One morning Farmer John woke up to find a stream between the two farms. “It must be Bob,” John thought.
Then one day there was a knock on John’s door. He opened it to find a carpenter(木匠) standing at the doorway.
“I’m looking for a few days’ work,” the carpenter said.
“I do have a job for you,” John said. “Look across the stream at that farm. That’s my neighbour Bob. He dug a stream between the two farms. I want you to build a fence—an 8-foot fence. I don’t want to see his place or his face any more. I don’t have such a neighbour!”
The carpenter said, “I think I know what to do, sir, and I’ll be able to do a job that pleases you.”
Farmer John helped the carpenter get the materials(材料) ready and then he was off for the day.
About sunset when the farmer returned, the carpenter had just finished his job. The farmer’s eyes opened wide. There was no fence there at all!
It was a bridge! And the neighbour, Bob, was coming across, with his hand outstretched(伸出). “Hi, John! You’re quite a fellow to build this bridge!”
Then they met in the middle, taking each other’s hands. “I’m terribly sorry for what I have said and done. We should be good to each other.” said Farmer Bob.
Then they turned to see the carpenter, who was ready to go. “No, wait! Stay a few days. I have a lot of other jobs for you,” said Farmer John. “I’d love to stay,” the carpenter said, “but I have more bridges to build.”
1．What does the sentence “You’re quite a fellow to build this bridge!” mean?
A. John was great to build this bridge.
B. John was not good at building bridges.
C. John was foolish to build such a bridge.
D. John should build the bridge earlier.
2．What do you think of the carpenter?
A. Shy. B. Wise. C. Proud. D. Careless.
3．What is the best title for the passage?
A. What a Big Fence! B. A Strong Bridge
C. Three Kind Men D. A Fence or a Bridge?
七、用-ing 来翻译句子
1. 坐在沙发上的那个男孩是我弟弟的一个朋友
2. 这个喜剧是如此的有意思以至于观众们一直在大笑。
3. 你可能会感到很惊奇，查理刚能说话大人就教他如何唱歌，他刚走路时大人就教他跳舞。
4.对于非洲国家摆脱饥饿是非常重要的。
5. 在农村做调查要比城市难。
答案与解析
一、根据提示填入单词
1. wondered 2. admit 3. As 4. spending
5. struggled 6. delivered 7. entertain 8. react
二、完成句子
1. wondering 2. built up 3. Thanks to
4. react 5. observed 6. was satisfied with 7. devote
三、词义辨析
(1) provide (2) supply (3) offered
四、语法填空
1. to realize 2. there 3. a 4. spoken 5. changed
6. interesting 7. by 8. it 9. fluently 10. Confidence
五、完型填空
1.D。从前面的 the worst student in my class，hopeless。可以判断是一直在上六年级。用repeat“重复”
2.B。她注意到我单独一人。所以选B
3. C。从just判断，只是一般的谈话，所以C
4. A。特别照顾我particular attention， 所以选A。
5. B。给我一种感觉：有人相信我所以用someone。
6. D。 Grades 成绩，分数，提高了。
7. A。住在我们家附近，所以一起回家。
8. C。尤其是学习上帮助我especially。
9. D。检查我的成绩，不管是她教的科目还是其他科。Check 检查。
10. B。Come second 考第二。
11. A。疏远了，但是还检查我，转折but
12.D。我们几乎不说话 hardly "几乎不"
13.C。I had become the best in my class. 成为班里最好的学生，所以选best
14．A。A. out of touch失去联系 B. in common 和。。有共同处 C. out of reach够不着 D. in touch 有联系 文章表示失去联系
15.C。当我打电话时，她未接。 Answer the phone 接电话
16. D。我们碰在一起。Cross交叉
17. B。 Could not help doing 情不自禁地
18. A。自己站着，不靠别人
19. B。 Be proud of 感到自豪的
20. C。不需要找一个肩膀。
六、阅读理解
1．A细节推理题。第七段：It was a bridge! And the neighbour, Bob, was coming across, with his hand outstretched(伸出). “Hi, John! 句意：那是一座桥，他的邻居鲍勃正从桥上走下来，伸出手，对鲍勃打招呼：“你好！约翰！” 第八段：Then they met in the middle, taking each other’s hands. “I’m terribly sorry for what I have said and done. We should be good to each other.” said Farmer Bob.句意：他么在桥中间相遇，握着对方的手，农民鲍勃说：“关于我所说的所做的，我感到非常抱歉，我们应该好好地对待对方。” 可以得出“You’re quite a fellow to build this bridge!”是鲍勃对约翰修这座桥的的赞扬和感激，选项A.约翰修这座桥是极好的只有A符合题意，故选A.
2．B细节推理题。约翰希望木匠修一堵墙以此来拒绝同鲍勃来往，结果木匠在小溪上建了一座桥，鲍勃以为是约翰建的，于是跟约翰重修旧好。木匠在约翰和鲍勃关系修复中起到了重要的作用。最后一段：Then they turned to see the carpenter, who was ready to go. “No, wait! Stay a few days. I have a lot of other jobs for you,” said Farmer John. “I’d love to stay,” the carpenter said, “but I have more bridges to build.” 大意：他们转向将走的木匠。约翰说：“不！等一下！呆几天吧，我还有许多工作给你做。”木匠回答说：“我很乐意多呆几天，但我还有更多的桥需要去建。”这里的“桥”是个比喻意义，说明木匠是个有大智慧的人。故选B.
3．D主旨判断题。A.多大的围墙啊！B.一座牢固的桥C.三个善良的人D.围墙？还是桥？文章开始讲约翰和鲍勃作了三十年的邻居，关系一直很好，因为一点小事有了矛盾，谁也不理谁。有一天约翰发现鲍勃在两家的田中间挖了一条小溪，他很生气，刚好来了个木匠找约翰，约翰借此想要木匠帮他修一堵八英尺高的围墙此来报复鲍勃，望从此跟他老死不相往来。结果，聪明的木匠不但没修围墙，还在小溪上修了一座桥。所以排除A，C；文中的“桥”除了是实实在在的桥外还存在个比喻意义，比喻约翰和鲍勃的关系之桥，B选项没有体现出这个比喻意义，排除；D选项首先用的是提问的方式，可以吸引读者的注意，其次留给读者思考的空间——如果是围墙，约翰和鲍勃将会怎样？是桥，他们的关系将会怎样？故选D.
七、用-ing 来翻译句子
1. The boy sitting on the sofa is a friend of my brother.
2. The comedy was so amusing that the audience kept laughing all the time.
3. You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could talk.
4. Getting rid of hunger is very important for some African countries.
5. Doing research in the countryside is not as easy as in the city.