(共10张PPT)
单元知识运用
教材回扣
用本单元所学短语完成句子
1.Some uneducated and unskilled people .
(谋生)by doing manual labor (体力活).?
2.When doing shopping at the market,it’s cheaper to buy goods
(大量地).?
3.Don’t be discouraged! We have .
(取得很大突破) in a way.?
答案:1.earn their living 2.in quantity 3.made a great breakthrough
答案:4.was converted;to 5.brought up
4.The room from a kitchen (改变成) a
toilet.?
5.Born and (抚养)in the countryside,he was
interested in biology.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The boy managed to escape from the burning house,but he couldn’t
escape (punish) because the fire was
caused by his playing with matches.?
2.The force of the (explode) broke all the windows in the
building.?
3.James Brindley is recognized as one of the (lead)
engineers.?
语境活用
答案:1.being punished/punishment 2.explosion 3.leading
4.Large quantities of money (spend) in bringing up
the three children.?
5.Some of the students were disappointed at result of the
examination.?
6.Like it or not,you will be judged by your (person)
appearance.?
7.The key to (solve) the problem is to meet the demands made
by the customers.?
答案:4.have been spent 5.the 6.personal 7.solving
8. (educate) in a top-level university abroad is what many
students wish for.?
9.Jobs earned his living by (sell) computers when he was 19
years old.?
10.It’s an either-or situation—we can buy a new car this year or
we can go on holiday,but we can’t do .?
答案:8.Being educated 9.selling 10.both
Ⅱ.单句语法改错
1.The book is said to have translated into several languages
because it is so fascinating.
2.The government in the power is devoted to the improvement of
education.
3.After thousands of experiments,the researchers finally made big
breakthrough.
4.The key of success is to choose a right goal,plan your path and
then get started.
5.The manager promised to keep me informing of how everything was
going on.
答案:1.在translated前加been 2.去掉第二个the 3.在big前加a 4.将of改为to 5.将informing改为informed
6.Hawkins,who is original from England but lives in Dublin,has
insisted on her innocence.
7.The boss made clear to him that he was fired.
8.Our school brought up some advanced equipment last year.
9.The top one-third of all high school graduate are entitled to an
education at California State University.
10.They use computers to keep the traffic run smoothly.
答案:6.将original改为originally 7.made后加it 8.将up改为in 9.将graduate改为graduates 10.将run改为running
微写作
1.迈克是由他叔叔抚养长大的。
?
?
2.他毕业于一所著名大学。
?
?
(借助过渡性词语或句子就能把下面的句子连接成一篇小短文)
答案:1.Mike was brought up by his uncle.
2.He graduated from a famous university.
3.毕业后,他以教书为生。
?
?
4.他相信他能教育好他的学生。
?
5.由于工作努力,他的事业开始腾飞。
?
?
答案:3.After graduation,he earned his living by teaching.
4.He believed he could educate his students well.
5.As a result of his hard work,his career began to take off.
(共24张PPT)
Module 4 Great Scientists
原文缩写
关键知识
基础知识
原文缩写·再现 巧复现·重记忆
Yuan Longping is a 1. (lead) figure in the rice-growing world,born and 2. (bring) up in China.When he was a boy,he received 3. (educate) in many schools and was given the nickname,“the student who asks questions”.?
He was interested in plants from an early age,and he studied agriculture in college.As a young teacher,he began experiments in crop 4. (breed).He thought there was only one way to have more rice quickly.That was by 5. (cross) different species of rice plant.Then he began his search 6. a special type of rice plant.It had to be male and sterile.When the 7. .
(natural) sterile male rice plant was discovered in 1970,it was a breakthrough.As a result,Chinese rice 8. (produce) rose by 47.5% in the 1990’s.And 50 thousand square kilometres of rice fields were converted to 9. (grow) vegetables and other cash crops.Following this,Yuan Longping’s rice 10. (export)
to other countries.?
答案:1.leading 2.brought 3.education 4.breeding 5.crossing 6.for 7.naturally 8.production 9.growing 10.was exported
1.support v.& n.支撑;支持;供养,赡养
【巧学助记】
关键知识·盘点 解疑难·提智能
典例链接:
①The old man entered the hall,supported by his two sons.
老人在他两个儿子的搀扶下走进大厅。
②We supported each other in finance.
我们在经济上互相支持。
③Can you offer any evidence in support of what you say?
你能提出证据来印证你讲的话吗?
④Young as he is,he has a big family to support.
尽管他很年轻,他要养活一大家子人。
⑤Whenever I disagree with my brother,my father comes to my support.
无论什么时候我和哥哥有分歧,我爸爸都会支持我。
重点领悟 ①support sb.in sth.在某方面支持某人
②support a family/oneself养家糊口/养活自己
③in support of支持,拥护
④come to one’s support 来支持某人?
2.quantity n.量;数量
典例链接:
①Worst of all,I get a larger quantity of homework,compared to
them.
最糟糕的是,与他们相比我的作业量更大。
②It’s cheaper to buy goods in quantity.
大宗购物比较便宜。
③Your homework has improved in quantity and quality this term.
本学期你的作业在数量和质量上都有提高。
特别提示:
①a quantity of或quantities of后既可接可数名词也可接不可数名词。
②“a quantity of+名词” 作主语时,谓语动词与名词保持数的一致; 而 “quantities of+名词” 作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
重点领悟 ①a large / small quantity of = large/ small
quantities of 大量的,少量的?
②in quantity大量地
③in quantity and quality在数量和质量上
巧学活用:
①—Why does the river around the village smell terrible?
—Because large quantities of water (pollute)
already.
②If you buy these goods quantity,we will offer a better
price to you.
have been polluted
in
3.clear vt.使清澈,使清楚,扫清
vi.变清澈;(天)变晴;(烟雾)消散
adj.清澈的;晴朗的;清晰的;畅通的
典例链接:
①He walked up Fifth Avenue to clear his head.
他在第五大街上散步,让头脑清醒清醒。
②They cleared up the misunderstanding and made up.
他们消除误会和好了。
③If the weather clears up,we can go out for a walk.
如果天气放晴,我们就出去散步。
④Are you all clear about what you have to do?
大家全都明白自己要干什么了吗?
⑤Mr.O’Friel made it clear that further insults of this kind would not
be tolerated.
奥弗里尔先生把意思说得清清楚楚,以后这种侮辱是不会被容忍的。
重点领悟 ①clear one’s head 使头脑清醒
②clear up 清理,收拾,消除(误会、疑虑等);(天)放晴
③make it clear that清楚表明,讲清楚
④be clear about 确切知道;充分了解
4.earn one’s living谋生
典例链接:
①For many years,the majority of Irish people earned their
living as farmers.
多年来,大部分爱尔兰人靠种田过日子。
②I earned my living mainly by teaching.
我主要以教书为生。
③Her unselfish acts earned her the respect of all who knew her.
她无私的行为使她获得了所有认识她的人的尊敬。
重点领悟 ①earn one’s living by doing sth.靠……谋生
②make a living by doing sth.靠……谋生
③earn one’s own living自食其力
④earn / make a fortune挣大钱
⑤earn sb.praise/a reputation etc.为某人赢得赞扬/名声等
5.come to power (开始)掌权;上台
典例链接:
①He came to/into power when he was 25 years old and has been in
power for 60 years so far.
他25岁时上台,到目前为止已经掌权60年了。
②The decision is in the hand of him; I couldn’t do the things
beyond my power.
决定权在他那儿,我不能越权而为之。
③I will do everything in/ within my power to help you.
我愿尽我的力量帮助你。
特别提示: come to power与 be in power 都表示 “掌权”,但前者表示瞬时性动作,不能与时间段连用; 后者表示延续性状态,可以与时间段连用。
类似的短语还有:get married与be married,catch fire与be on fire,take charge of与be in charge of,fall in love with与be in love with等。在这些短语中,前者都表示瞬时性动作,后者强调延续性状态。
重点领悟 ①in power 当权,掌权?
②take/seize power 夺取政权?
③beyond one’s power 不能胜任,力所不能及?
④within/in one’s power 有能力;力所能及?
6.He thought that the key to feeding people was to have more rice
and to produce it more quickly.他认为,解决人们吃饭问题的关键在于拥
有更多的稻米,并且能更快地生产出来。
典例链接:
①What is the key to breaking the old patterns?
什么是打破旧模式的关键?
②I’ve been able to keep firm friendships with them.Thus I have
been allowed to gain access to their living environment.
我和他们一直亲密无间,因而我始终有机会接触他们的生活环境。
③All the approaches to the town were blocked.
通往这座城镇的所有道路都被封锁了。
重点领悟 ①the key to (doing) sth.做某事的关键,……的钥匙。其中to是
介词,所以后面接名词、代词、v.-ing形式或what引导的从句。
②名词+介词to的搭配还有:
(the) access to...……的通路;使用或见到……的机会/权利
the answer to...……的答案
the solution to...……的解决方法
notes to...……的注释
an approach to...……的方法/通路
基础知识·达标 细疏理·固双基
1. vt.& n.支持,拥护
2. vi.(烟雾)消散
n.清除
3. vt.出版
publisher n. .
4. n.生产者
v.生产
n.产量
support
clear
clearance
publish
出版商;出版机构
producer
produce
production
单
词
过
关
5. adj.主要的
v.领导,带领
n.榜样,主角
n.领导者,领袖
6. vt.教育
n.教育
n.教育家
7. adj.原来的;最初的
n.起点;开端
originate vi. .
8. vt.出口
leading
lead
leader
educate
education
educator
original
origin
起源
export
单
词
过
关
9. n.质量
adj.优质的,非常好的
10. adj.才华横溢的
11. adj.身体的
12. adj.个人的
n.人格;个性
13. n.爆炸;爆炸声
vi.爆炸
14. vi.逃跑;逃避
15. n.数量
quality
brilliant
physical
personal
personality
explosion
explode
escape
quantity
单
词
过
关
1.earn one’s 谋生
2.come to 掌权
3.bring 培养;养育
4.be diagnosed 被诊断患有
5. a result 由于……的结果
6.be known 因……而出名/闻名
7.bring 引进,赚钱
living
power
up
with
as
of
for
in
短
语
记
忆
1.He thought that the people was to
have more rice and to produce it more quickly.
他认为,解决人们吃饭问题的关键在于拥有更多的稻米,并且能更
快地生产出来。
2.But wanted to use rockets in battles.
但并不是每个人都想在战争中使用火箭。
3.The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped .
the rocket in a straight direction.?
这些管子被绑在一根长棍上,这根长棍能使火箭直线前进。
key
to
feeding
not
everybody
keep
moving
句
型
整
理
Module 4 Great Scientists
Ⅰ.话题延读
Up to now,nobody has been able to understand chimp behavior better than Jane Goodall.Since her childhood, she had been dreaming of working closely with animals in Africa.“All through my childhood people said you couldn’t go to Africa.
You’re a girl.But my mother used to say,if you really want to,there’s nothing you can’t do.” Goodall said.
In 1957,the 26-year-old Goodall went to Kenya to work as a secretary.She also arranged to meet the famous scientist Louis Leakey,who was so impressed by her enthusiasm that he hired her as his assistant.She went with him on many trips to the African jungle and in 1960 Leakey sent Goodall to live among chimpanzees in a remote animal preserve,recording the animals’ behavior and interactions.
For three months Goodall made little progress.But she said,“I never came close to giving up.” Her breakthrough came one day when she saw a male chimpanzee stick a piece of grass into a termite (白蚁) hill,then put the grass in his mouth.Afterwards she came to the hill and did the same.Pulling the grass out,she discovered dozens of termites on it.The discovery — that some animals use tools — was unknown to most scientists at the time.
Goodall saw chimpanzees exhibit human-like emotions,such as jealousy and love.But she also discovered they were capable of violent attacks against each other.
Goodall received her PhD in the study of animal behavior at England’s Cambridge University.Now she travels around the globe raising money to preserve wildlife.“I love being in the forest with the chimpanzees,” she said.“I’d much rather be there than travel around from city to city.”
1.What was Goodall’s childhood dream?
A.She dreamed of going to college.
B.She dreamed of traveling all around the world.
C.She dreamed of becoming a famous scientist.
D.She dreamed of studying animals in Africa.
2.What did Goodall’s mother think of her dream?
A.As a girl she should not go to the African jungle.
B.Her dream would remain a dream unless she got the right training.
C.As a girl she should stay away from violent animals.
D.She could make her dream come true if she was determined.
3.What can we learn from the passage?
A.One of Goodall’s discoveries is that some animals use tools.
B.Chimpanzees like attacking each other violently.
C.Goodall had just about given herself up when she made a breakthrough.
D.Termites are chimpanzees’ favorite food.
4.Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
A.The Lives of Chimps
B.A Scholar of African Wildlife
C.Jane’s Breakthrough
D.The Connections between Chimps and Human Beings
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了一位到非洲研究动物习性的女科学家的故事。
答案及剖析:
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Since her childhood,she had been dreaming of working closely with animals in Africa.”可知,Goodall童年时的梦想是在非洲研究动物。故选D。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But my mother used to say,if you really want to,there’s nothing you can’t do.”可知,Goodall的母亲认为,如果Goodall下定决心做某事,没有什么能阻挡她实现她的梦想,她会实现她的梦想的。故选D。
3.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The discovery — that some animals use tools — was unknown to most scientists at the time.”可知,Goodall在非洲的发现之一就是有些动物会使用工具。故选A。
4.B 主旨大意题。根据全文内容可总结出,本文主要介绍了一位到非洲研究动物习性的女科学家的故事。B项意为“研究非洲野生动物的一位学者”,体现了本文核心,适合用作标题。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
(2018东北三省四市教研联合体模拟)
Try rubbing (摩擦) the tip of your finger backwards and forwards very quickly on your coat or a blanket.It should become hot.In cold weather we sometimes rub our hands together to make them warm.The rubbing of two together which causes heat is called “friction(摩擦力)”.In the same way,people who lived in caves rubbed a piece of wood shaped like a pencil on another piece of wood with dried leaves or grass packed nearby.The heat set the leaves or grass alight.This was a difficult way of making fire.Better ways were found by using flint(火石),but it was not until 1827 that the first matches were made in England.
Chemists made up a mixture and put it on an end of a stick or match.The mixture contained a small amount of phosphorus(磷),a chemical that bursts into flame when heated slightly.The other chemicals then caught fire and burned less fiercely until the wood was alight.By rubbing the end of the match on sandpaper,the friction easily set the phosphorus alight.These first matches could also be struck on other rough surfaces,including the leather sole(鞋底) of a shoe.
At the time,everyone thought this was a wonderful invention.Unfortunately accidents happened.A whole box of matches would suddenly catch fire if it was heated.Imagine this happening to someone warming themselves by a fire with a box of matches in his or her pocket!Even loose matches in a handbag or pocket could rub together and catch fire.
What was needed was a match that would only light if struck on a special surface.In 1852,the safety match was invented in Sweden.No phosphorus was used in the match head—it was put on the outside of the matchbox instead.This made it impossible for the match to light unless it was rubbed along the box on the special surface which contained sandpaper mixed with a little phosphorus.
1.Why did people use dried leaves or grass to pack another piece of wood?
A.The leaves or grass is easy to be alight.
B.The leaves or grass covered the wood well.
C.The leaves or grass helped the air cause heat.
D.The leaves or grass acted as the role of a match.
2.What was the match made of in 1827?
A.Leather soles,sandpaper and leaves.
B.Wood,leather soles and sandpaper.
C.Phosphorus,wood and sandpaper.
D.Phosphorus,sandpaper and flint.
3.If we used the safety match,we could see .?
A.loose matches could catch fire fiercely
B.phosphorus wasn’t needed inside matchboxes
C.there were matches and sandpaper in matchboxes
D.the special surface containing sandpaper and phosphorus
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。介绍了火柴的发明过程。
答案及剖析:
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In the same way,people who lived in caves rubbed a piece of wood shaped like a pencil on another piece of wood with dried leaves or grass packed nearby.The heat set the leaves or grass alight.”可知,与天气冷时人们摩擦取暖一样,住山洞的人用干燥的树叶和草是因为它们容易点燃。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The mixture contained a small amount of phosphorus(磷)...The other chemicals then caught fire and burned less fiercely until the wood was alight.By rubbing the end of the match on sandpaper...”可知,当时火柴中含有phosphorus,wood和sandpaper。
3.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“This made it impossible for the match to light unless it was rubbed along the box on the special surface which contained sandpaper mixed with a little phosphorus.”可知,我们能看到火柴盒特制的表面上含砂纸和磷。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2018江西师大附中、临川一中联考)
The British have many traditions but there is nothing more quintessential(典型的) than taking afternoon tea.We know the Brits have a love affair with drinking tea,1. more than 160 million cups drunk every day,but it was the invention of afternoon tea that turned tea drink into 2. popular pastime.?
This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea 3. (comfort) while nibbling(小口吃) on nice sandwiches,scones with jam and cream and a selection of small cakes.And,of course,it can only happen in the afternoon!Afternoon tea,which 4. (design) as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner,dates back to the 1840s.It went on to become a 5. (fashion) social occasion for the upper classes.?
Now there is a resurgence(复苏) in its 6. (popular) in the UK and it is available to anyone who can afford it.7. it can be enjoyed at home,the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel or café.But if you’re thinking of visiting such a place 8. (enjoy) a plate of sweet and savory treats with a steaming hot brew,remember the rules you must follow to avoid 9. (ask) to leave.?
Writer Henry James once noted that“There are few hours in life more agreeable than the hour dedicated to the ceremony known as afternoon tea”.I’m sure once you 10. (try) it,you will agree.?
答案及剖析:
1.with 考查介词。此处是with+宾语+过去分词的用法, 作伴随状语。
2.a 考查冠词。pastime“娱乐; 消遣”是可数名词, 此处表示泛指, 且popular以辅音音素开头, 所以前面要用不定冠词a。
3.comfortably 考查词性转换。drinking是动词, 后面要用副词comfortably修饰。
4.was designed 考查动词的时态和语态。Afternoon tea和design之间是被动关系, 再结合后面的“要追溯到19世纪40年代”可知,此处要用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was designed。
5.fashionable 考查词性转换。occasion是名词, 前面要用形容词修饰, 所以此处填fashionable。
6.popularity 考查词性转换。its是形容词性物主代词, 后面要跟名词popularity。
7.Although/Though/While 考查连接词。“it can be enjoyed at home”和“the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel or café”在意思上是转折关系, 所以此处要用表示让步的Although/Though/While。
8.to enjoy 考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式表目的。
9.being asked 考查非谓语动词。avoid后面跟v.-ing,此处应该是“避免被要求”, 所以要用being asked。
10.have tried 考查时态。句意:我相信一旦你(已经)尝试了, 你就会赞成的。根据句意可知,“尝试”的动作会产生“赞成”的结果, 所以这里用现在完成时。
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2018合肥质量检测)
I am one of the top students in my class who could speak English fluently and smoothly.Impressing with my English speaking skills,my classmates asked me introduce how I became fluent in English.Here are some tips on speaking English fluently.
Firstly,use every opportunity in class to speak English.The more you speak,and the easier you will find speak English.Secondly,be confident with speaking English and don’t worry about making mistakes.The most important thing is to express which you want to say.Finally,this is important to communicate your opinions as natural as possible.Use some communication skills while you are speaking.
I do hope you will benefit from the tip.
答案:I am one of the top students in my class who speak English fluently and smoothly. with my English speaking skills,my classmates asked me introduce how I became fluent in English.Here are some tips on speaking English fluently.
Firstly,use every opportunity in class to speak English.The more you speak,
the easier you will find English.Secondly,be confident speaking English and don’t worry about making mistakes.The most important thing is to express you want to say.Finally, is important to communicate your opinions as as possible.Use some communication skills while you are speaking.
I do hope you will benefit from the .
剖析:由上下文时态知此处用一般现在时,故将could改为can。
impress与主语my classmates是动宾关系,故用impressed。
ask sb.to do sth.为固定搭配。
The+比较级,the+比较级表示“越……就越……”,固定搭配,and多余。
作find的宾语,故用v.-ing形式。
be confident about/of “对……自信”,固定搭配。
what引导宾语从句并作say的宾语,which在宾语从句中表疑问,指“哪个……?”不符合句意。
It’s important to do sth.是固定句型,it是形式主语,不定式短语是真正的主语。
修饰动词communicate用副词作状语,故natural改为naturally。
由上文知建议不止一条,故tip需用复数形式。
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