高考英语二轮复习课件：it的用法（46张PPT）

课件46张PPT。Grammar：
The use of “it” Appreciate the proverbs(谚语) It’s never too late to learn.


It never rains but it pours(泼水).

It takes three generations to make a gentleman.



It is easy to open a shop but hard to keep it always open.

十年树木，百年树人。 不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。
创业容易守业难。 活到老，学到老。It的用法指代作用句型强调句固定结构1.指物或替代前文（部分）2.指代不明性别的人、天气、距离、时间等等1.时间2.形式主语3.形式宾语It +be+ 时间段 since……..
2. It +be+ 时间段 before……..
3. It +be+ 时间点 when……..
4. It +be+ the first/…time that…..
5. It +be+ (about/high) time that……..To do sth
v-ing
3. clauseIt + be+被强调部分+who/that+ 其他部分…………………………….考点思维导图Read and analyze the sentences.It is Friday today.
It was very cold last Monday.
It is about 8:30 now.
It is about 25km from Longxian to Bazi.
It lies in the south of Shaoguan city.
It is 40°C ! You got a high fever!
Conclusion(一): it 可以用作非人称代词, 表示_____,_____, ______, ______, ______, ______等。日期天气时间距离地点温度考点一：it用作代词考点一：it用作代词 1. — Who is knocking at the door?
—Perhaps it is Jerry.
2. My sister-in-law gave birth to a baby; It weighs 4kg.
Conclusion(二):用作人称代词：不知性别的婴儿或身份不明确的人
3. This is a new dictionary. I bought it yesterday.
4. You’ve helped me a lot; I’ll never forget it.
Conclusion(三):指代上文出现的同一个物或者前面提到的同一件事
考点一：it用作代词
用one，it，that，填空

1. — I can't find my watch.
　— You haven't found ______？
If you want to buy a new ______，
I suggest you buy ______ made in China.
2. The weight of an elephant is much greater than ______ of a tiger. itoneonethatit指代上文提过的事物/事件时，是同名同物，相当于the＋名词；one指代上文提过的单数可数名词是同名异物，相当于a ＋名词；a / an＋形容词＋one等于a / an＋形容词＋名词；复数形式用onesthat后面常有后置定语，有特指意义，代替不可数名词或单数可数名词，相当于the＋名词考点一：it用作代词
Conclusion(四):
1.One
指代上文提过的单数可数名词是同名异物，相当于a ＋名词；a / an＋形容词＋one等于a / an＋形容词＋名词；
2.It
指代上文提过的事物/事件时，是同名同物，相当于the＋名词；
3.That
后面常有后置定语，有特指意义，代替不可数名词或单数可数名词，相当于the＋名词
高考链接：例1. The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase ___. （2011北京）
A. them B. those C. it D. that
解析：句意为“由于当地政府提高就业率的努力，大城市的就业率在持续上升。” 代替上文中出现过的同一个事物“the employment rate”，用it。
例2.（2009北京）Being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a child with special needs often carries with ___extra stress.
A. it B. them C. one D. him
解析：句子的意思为“做父母不容易，做有特殊需要的孩子的父母总是有额外的压力。” 可见此处的代词指代前文“做父母不容易”这件事，因此用it。

(1) 是某人做某事的时候了。
It is time for sth./ (for sb.)to do sth.
It is (about/high) time + that clause
e.g. 孩子们该上床睡觉了
It is time for children to go to bed.
= It is time that children went to bed.
= It is time that children should go to bed.
should do (should 不可省略） 一般过去时（虚拟语气）考点二：It指代时间常用句型
(2）这是某人第……次做了某事。

It is the first / second…time that－ (现在完成时)
It was the first/second…time that－ (过去完成时)
②. 这是我们全家第一次面对面地目睹月光
It was the first time that we had seen the moon face to face.
③. 在大庭广众之中说话，她还是第一回呢。
It is the first time that she has ever spoken before such a big audience.考点二：It指代时间常用句型(3)要过多久才会做某事
It + will be +时间段+before(一般现在时)…
过了多久才…了
It + was + 时间段+ before(过去时)…④过了5年他们才从北大毕业。
It was five years before they finally graduated from Beijing University.
⑤不久，我们就要从我们学校毕业了。
It won't be long before we graduate from our school. 考点二：It指代时间常用句型
⑥. 我离开这所学校已经很久了.
It is a long time since I left this school.
⑦.他爸爸去世有三年了
It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died.
(4)自从......以来已多久了。
It is / has been ＋ 时间段＋ since（过去时)
It was +时间段＋ since（过去完成时)考点二：It指代时间常用句型（5）it is/was +具体的时间…..+when…“当……的时候，是……”
该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。
⑧当他回来时是11点钟。
It was 11 o’clock when he came back.例3. It was April 29, 2011 ____ Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.
A. that B. when C. since D. before
解析：此处it指代时间，其后为when引导的时间状语从句。句意为“2011年4月29日威廉王子和凯特-米德尔顿走进了婚礼的殿堂。”此处很容易误选为that，因为被误解为是强调句，如果加介词on，则为强调句。
例4.（2005北京）It is almost five years ___ we saw each other last time.
A. before B. since C. after D. when
解析：考查“It is+时间段+since从句”表示从事情发生到现在多长时间了。句意为“自从我们上次见面已经几乎五年时间了。”
高考链接：It
表示时间的句型 1.It be十具体的时间点+when… 当……的时候，是…….. 2.It be+时间段+before…….表示“……(之后)才 (就)….; (不多 久)就…..” 3.It be(is)+时间段+since …….4. It takes (cost)…..+to do sth.译为: 做…要花费……..5. It be the first ( second ... ) time that…..表示“第几次做某事” 6. It be ( about ,high ) time + that+主语+did或should do…. ( should不可以省)译为: 正是……的时侯，做某事的时间到了 It be time (for sb.) to do sth. SummaryThe subject position It is amazing that at my age I am still fit.
2. It is easier to fall than to rise.
3. It is no good crying over spilt milk.“It” can be used in the
subject position to stand for
_______, ___________
or _________.a clausean infinitive-ing formRead and analyze the sentences.考点三：It作形式主语
1.“清楚（显然，真的，可能，肯定）”
It is clear /obvious/ true/ possible/ certain... that .....
很明显，他又高又圆像一棵树。
It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. 　　
2.做某事是重要的/有必要的/奇怪的/自然的…
It is important / necessary/ strange/ natural... that ...
我们有必要记住这些单词　
It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. 考点三：It作形式主语主语从句常用should +动词原形（should可省略）
3.据报道/认为/相信/知/宣布…
It is said/reported/thought/supposed/believed/announced…that ...
据说又一颗人造卫星（satellite）已经被送入到轨道（orbit）　
It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. 4. “据建议；有命令．．．）
It is suggested ( ordered/demanded/insisted/commanded... ) that ...
有人建议会议被推迟
It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. 　考点三：It作形式主语主语从句常用should +动词原形（should可省略）考点三：It作形式主语
5.很遗憾…
It is a pity ( a shame ... ) that ...
他生病了，真遗憾！
It is a pity that he is ill.
6.碰巧/似乎/看起来像．．.
It happens (seems， appears) that...
他碰巧在街上遇见他的老师
It happened that he met his teacher in the street.
7. 做某事花费某人多长时间
It takes/took/will take sb some time to do sth.
成千上万的人花了很多年修建长城。
It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.
8. 做某事没用
It is no good (use ) doing sth.

学英语而不说英语是没用的。
It is no good learning English without speaking English.
考点三：It作形式主语
9. It is adj (for/ of sb. ) to do sth.
你能这样说真是太好了！
It is kind of you to say so.
对她来说参加聚会是非常重要的
It is important for her to come to the party. 小结：It +be +adj.+（for sb.）to do sth.
此处adj. 通常为描述____的形容词：easy，difficult，hard，necessary，impossible，likely，right，wrong，important，obvious，useful，useless，dangerous…小结：It +be+ adj.+ of sb. to do sth
此处adj. 通常为描述_____的形容词：kind，unkind，nice，rude，cruel，considerate，careless，foolish，stupid，wise，crazy.考点三：It作形式主语人事高考链接：
例6. (2009全国II) It is often __ that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.
A. said B. to say C. saying D. being said
解析：考查it作形式主语的重要句型“It is +V-ed +that从句”。V-ed常为said, reported, considered, believed等，意思为“据说/报道/认为/相信……”。句意为“据说人类天生具备说话能力”。
例7.（2010全国Ⅱ）The doctor thought _____ would be good for you to have a holiday.
A. this B. that C. one D. it
解析：考查It作形式主语。此处it代替不定式to have a holiday在宾语从句中作形式主语，保持句子平衡。本句中包含了一个宾语从句，从句句意完整，应用that作引导词，可省略。此句容易误选为B项，但若选B项，thought后的宾语从句中仍缺主语，故错误；句意为“医生认为去度假将对你有益。1.It is necessary (important, easy, difficult, natural, common,,... ) for sb. to do sth. / that...
2.It is kind (clever, brave, careful, foolish, nice, polite. . .) of sb to do sth.
3.It is no good (useless, no use, a waste of time) doing sth.
4.It is a pity (a shame, an honor, no wonder) that. ..
5.It is said ( reported, believed, thought, announced, estimated) that...
6.It is suggested (advised, ordered, requested . . . ) that. .. (should). . .
（主语从句用虚拟语气表达）
7.It takes sb. + 一段时间 + to do sth.
8.It seems (appears, happens, turns out, occurred to sb. ) that ...
It matters/doesn't matter that. . . summaryThe object position1. I think it best that you should do more
exercise.
2. He found it difficult to accustom himself
to getting up early.
3.I think it no use crying.
a clausean infinitiveRead and analyze the sentences.-ing form考点四：It作形式宾语

+ it + 形容词/名词

think
believe?
find?
feel?
consider make?　? 基本结构：6 1 2 3小结：该句型中的it 作形式宾语，为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为"6123结构"。 6指主句中常用的动词：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel； 1指的是形式宾语it； 　 2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词； 3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。动词 +（ for/of sb +）to do+ doing sth.+ that 从句考点四：It作形式宾语

S+ + it +
The chairman thought ___ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.(05全国)
A. that B. it C. this D. himSentence patterns:Bconsider
find
fhink
feel
believe
makeImportant
Possiblr
Necessary +( for sb. ) to do sth/clause考点四：It作形式宾语

2. S+ V + it +
one’s duty

3. S + V + it + no good + doing sth.
no use I think it his duty to clean the blackboard.Sentence patterns:a rulean honourfor sb to do /clause考点四：It作形式宾语I like ___ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
A. this B. that C. it D. one点拨:这是it作形式宾语的一种特殊用法.少数动词(如like, love, enjoy, dislike, hate, appreciate等) 后接宾语从句,必须先由it担任形式宾语,再接从句.I like (enjoy, hate…) it when
I would appreciate it if…Sentence patterns:C考点四：It作形式宾语高考链接：例9. (2004全国I)I like _____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
A. this B. that C. it D. one

解析：考查it作形式宾语的重要句型：sb. like/appreciate/hate/dislike it +when/if从句，表示某人喜欢、感激、不喜欢或讨厌……。句意为“我喜欢秋天天高云淡的天气。”
例10.（2011山东） The two girls are so alike that strangers find ______ difficult to tell one from the other.
A. it B. them C. her D. that
解析：考查it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式to tell one from the other，difficult是宾语补足语，选项中其他词没有这种用法。句意为“这两个女孩长得如此之像以至于陌生人发现很难区分她俩。”
IMaryin the streetyesterdayIt was I that/who met Mary in the street yesterday.It was Mary that I met in the street yesterday.It was in the street that I met Mary yesterday.It was yesterday that I met Mary in the street.考点五：强调句1.结构：It be + 被强调部分 +that /who +句子其他成分I met Mary in the street yesterday.1. It 无意义，不可换成this/that. 2. be 只用单数 is/was
3.被强调的部分不能为谓语动词. 4. 强调的部分是人 也可用who其它一律用that.2.It was +not until + 被强调部分 + that ...
I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
直到她摘下墨镜，我才知道她是一个著名的电影明星。
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.考点五：强调句主倒从不倒（until引导的从句正常语序，主句部分倒装）高考链接：例12.——I’ve read another book this week.
——Well, maybe is not how much you read but what you read that counts. （2009浙江）
A .this B. that C. there D. it
解析：考查强调句的特殊句式it is/was not…but…that 结构，表示“不是……，而是……”。难点在于被强调部分分别是一个名词性从句。句意为“也许重要的不是你读了多少书，而是你读了什么书。”

例13.(2011湖南)It’s not what we do once in a while ______ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently
A .which B. that C. how D. when
解析：考查句型的变体it is/was not…that…but + 其他部分，句意为“我们的人生不是由我们一瞬间所做的而是由我们一直在做的事情塑造的。”
高考链接：例15. It was _____ he came back from Africa that year _____ he met the girl he would like to marry. (2009江西)
A. when; then B. not; until C. not until; that D. only; when
解析：考查it用于强调句的重要句型：It’s not until+时间状语+that…。句意为“直到他那一年从非洲回来，他才遇到了自己想要与之结婚的女孩”。
例16—Where did you get to know her?
—It was on the farm _____ we worked. (2007山东)
A. that B. there C. which D. where
解析：考查it用于强调句与其他考点和从句的混淆区分。虽然代入选项A检验，句子成立，但却不符合强调句的基本句型：It is/was+被强调部分+that+句子剩余部分。此题同时考查口语交际和定语从句，存在省略现象，
完整句子是：It was on the farm _____ we worked that I got to know her.真正的强调句型主干是：It was on the farm that I got to know her.故选D，构成定语从句修饰the farm。
1.make it 及时赶到;成功;办成
e.g. You needn’t worry; he will make it.你不必担心, 他会办到的。
2.catch it 被责骂; 受处罚
e.g. If I come home late, I’ll catch it from my mother.
如果我回家晚了, 我妈妈会骂我。

考点六： 用于某些习语3. take it/things easy
相当于Don‘t worry or don’t hurry. 用来劝告别人，表示“不要慌，别担心，沉住气”
e.g.Take it easy！ He will do it well.
4. It is up to sb. to do sth … 应由某人做某事。
在口语中，相当于it's decided by sb. 表示“由……决定，由……负责，取决于……”
e.g. It is up to you to decide whether we start or not.
5. It all depends/that all depends
在口语中，相当于it hasn‘t been decided yet，表示“那得看情况，还没有定下来”
?—Are you going to the countryside for holiday？
—It/That all depends.
6.It takes sb．＋一段时间＋to do sth．
表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”。
e.g. It took us half an hour to ride to the town by the sea.高考链接：例18.—It’ s been raining for a whole week. I think it’ll get fine soon.
--___. We are getting into the rainy season now. （2006安徽）
A. yes, it will B. of course not C. It’s possible D. It’s hard to say
解析：根据所提供的情景，“We are getting into the rainy season now.”可判断天是否会晴是一件很难判断的事，用It’s hard to say 表示“这很难说”。
例19.—Are you going to Tom’s birthday party?
—_____.I might have to work. （2011山东）
A. It depends B. Thank you C. Sound great D. Don’t mention it
解析：根据句意“—你打算参加汤姆的生日晚会吗？-- 。我可能要上班。”表示不确定，故填it depends，表示“视情况而定”。
Summary:
It的一些习惯用法
1. I can make it. 成功，做成了
2. That’s it. 这就对了。
3. If I can help it. 如果我有办法的话。
4. I’ve got it. 我明白了。
5. That’s just it. 那就对了。
6. It depends`看情况而定。
7. Don’t mention it 不客气。
8. Take it easy.别着急，慢慢来。
9. Believe it or not ,信不信由你。
10. It’s hard to say. 这很难说。口诀：
代词 it 本意它, 既可指这又指那;
时间天气均可指, 谈到距离也用它;
假主假宾均可做, 强调句型跟that。历年高考it考查方式与题型1.Correct the sentences
He made clear to me that he supported me.
2. I know there is not easy to be a teacher.
3. This is not surprising that the SilverGhost was regarded as
“the best car in the world”.
itthere → itThis → It^
4. You won’t find difficult to get to the city center.
^it 5. I feel that hard to say goodbye to my friends.
6. Our country makes it possible live a better life.
____it^to134 2.Complete the sentences with the correct form1.It is easier ___________(say) than to do.
2.It is no good _________(cheat) in the exam.
to saycheating3.It is high time that he _______________(stop) smoking.
4.It was the second time that she ________(come) to China.
should stop / stopped had come5 .It is __________(report) that it is colder tomorrow.

6. It is no good ____________(laugh) at others.

7. I find it hard _________(learn) English well.reportedlaughing to learn An unforgettable journey
It was last year ______ My family and I visited Pingyao. ____ was about 60 kilometers away from here. However, It took us nearly 2 hours ______ (get) there. What’s worse, ______ was a bit cold that day. Luckily,I felt _____ more interesting to climb the mountains.It was a pity _____ we have to go home in the afternoon. What an unforgettable trip it was! thatItto getititthat3.短文填空4.阅读理解2016年全国卷2
Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.
30. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to ?
A. The book.
B. An adventure.
C. A public place.
D. The identification number.A【技巧点拨】
代词指代题的答案出处一定是在上文，也就是代词指代上文出现的名词。
假设你是李华，最近你最好的朋友夏洛又烦恼了，因为他上周在厕所抽烟被“抖爷”抓住了，这已经是第二次了。请你写封信，告诉他抽烟违反校规，而且有害健康。是该他下定决心戒烟和好好学习的时候了。相信只要他坚持，过不了多久他就会赶上其他同学的。
注意：1.词数100左右。
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3.信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。尽量使用"it"结构5.写作这已经是第二次了。
it's the second time that you have been caught smoking on the campus.
抽烟违反校规，而且有害健康。
it does no good smoking at your age to your health, not to mention it goes against the school rules.
是该他下定决心戒烟和好好学习的时候了。
it's high time that you should make up your mind to quit smoking as well as to study hard.
过不了多久他就会赶上其他同学的。
it won't be long for you to catch up with other students.
Homework1. Finishing the writing task
2. Revise and master the use of it.Thanks for attending