Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab
词汇积累
分层单词
?写作词汇
1. n.阶段;时期? 2. n.目标,目的?
3. adj.普通的;平常的? 4. vi.形成?
5. n.演讲? 6. n.(大学的)科、系?
答案 1.stage 2.aim 3.ordinary 4.form 5.lecture6.department
?阅读词汇
1.liquid n.? 2.expand vi.??
3.contract vi.?? 4.substance n.??
5.oxygen n.?? 6.rust vi.??
7.boil vt.?? 8.steam n.??
9.float vi.?? 10.facility n.??
答案 1.液体 2.膨胀 3.收缩 4.物质 5.氧气6.生锈 7.煮;煮沸 8.蒸汽;水汽 9.漂浮10.(常作复数)设备;工具
?拓展词汇
1. n.混合物→ v.(使)混合?
2. n.电→ adj.与电有关的→ adj.发电的;用电的?
3. n.结论→ v.得出结论?
4. n.设备;装备→ v.装备;配备?
5. n.反应→ v.(化学)反应?
6. adj.部分的,局部的→ n.部分?
7. n.天平;平衡→ adj.平衡的?
8. adj.吃惊的;惊愕的→ adj.令人吃惊的→ v.使吃惊→ n.惊奇?
答案 1.mixture,mix 2.electricity,electrical,electric 3.conclusion,conclude 4.equipment,equip 5.reaction,react 6.partial,part 7.balance,balanced 8.astonished,astonishing,astonish,astonishment
高频短语
1. 往……加入……? 2. [口]请吧;干吧?
3. 把……按顺序排列? 4. 过去 (常常)……?
5. 不让……入内? 6. 为……感到骄傲/自豪?
7. 应当;理应?
8. 对……起反应;与……反应? 9. 在……领域?
答案 1.add...to... 2.go ahead 3.put...in order 4.used to 5.keep...out of 6.be proud of
7.be supposed to 8.react with 9.in the area of
经典句型
1.Two-thirds of the earth’s surface (是水).?
2.The earth is (是……的49倍) the moon.?
3. (很难想象) a world without metals.?
4. (这儿有张表格) with the metals that react most at the top,and the metals that react least at the bottom.?
5.The closer you are, (你会看见得越多).?
答案 1.is water 2.forty-nine times larger than 3.It is hard to think of 4.Here is a table
5.the more you’ll see
1
Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab
单元提升
课文与语法填空
阅读所学课文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Different metals have different uses.When we use metals,it is important to know how they react with different 1. (substance).The 2. (react)of metals with these substances can 3. (put)in order.From the table,we can find that potassium(钾)reacts most with water 4. copper doesn’t react with water.When we heat calcium in oxygen,it 5. (burn)to form an oxide.?
In 6. second part of the experiment,you must boil the water 7. (make)sure there is no air in it.You add some oil to the water 8. this keeps air out of it.It also shows that iron doesn’t rust in water 9. air in it.However,the nails rust in the tube with ordinary water in the third part of the experiment.?
That is 10. iron reacts with air and water.?
答案
1.substances 考查名词单复数。substance为可数名词,且被different修饰,因此应用复数形式。
2.reaction 考查词性转换。the后应用名词形式。
3.be put 考查被动语态。reaction与put之间为被动关系,故用被动语态。
4.while 考查连词。此处表示对比,故用连词while。
5.burns 考查动词的时态。此处陈述的是客观事实,主语为it,因此用动词的第三人称单数形式。
6.the 考查冠词。序数词前应用定冠词the。
7.to make 考查非谓语动词。此处动词不定式短语作目的状语。
8.because 考查状语从句。句子前后为因果关系,故应用because引导原因状语从句。
9.without 考查介词。此处表示“没有”,故用介词without。
10.how 考查表语从句。此处表示方式,故用how。
话题知识与写作
根据下面的素材,用本模块所学词汇和句式结构完成句子。
杰克过去经常玩电脑游戏。
___________________________________________________________________________
2.他的成绩越来越糟糕。
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3.对他来说放弃玩电脑游戏是困难的。
4.他的老师告诉他他应该把他的学习放在第一位。
___________________________________________________________________________
5.在老师的帮助下, 他远离了游戏, 开始努力学习了。
___________________________________________________________________________
6.他逐渐发现越学习,越觉得对学习感兴趣。
___________________________________________________________________________
7.他父母为他感到自豪。
___________________________________________________________________________
【联句成篇】把以上句子联成短文,要求衔接连贯、过渡自然。
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
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答案
1.Jack used to play computer games.
2.His grades were getting worse and worse.
3.It was difficult for him to give up playing computer games.
4.His teacher told him that he was supposed to put his study first.
5.With the help of his teacher, he kept himself out of games and began to study hard.
6.He gradually felt the more he studied, the more interested he was in it.
7.His parents are proud of him.
One possible version:
Jack used to play computer games. As a result, his grades were getting worse and worse. But it was difficult for him to give up playing computer games. His teacher told him that he was supposed to put his study first. With the help of his teacher, he kept himself out of games and began to study hard. Later, he gradually felt the more he studied, the more interested he was in it. Now, his parents are proud of him.
单元词汇拓展速记
1.“目标”聚会
aim n.目标;目的 goal n.目标;目的
target n.目标;指标 purpose n.目的;意图
object n.目标;宗旨
2.“电”家庭聚会
electricity n.电;电能 electric adj.电的;用电的
electrical adj.与电有关的 electronic adj.电子的
3.-less否定后缀
aimless adj.无目标的 useless adj.无用的
priceless adj.无价的;极珍贵的 careless adj.粗心的
harmless adj.无害的
4.名词和动词同形
aim n.目标;目的 v.力求达到 lecture n.演讲 v.讲课
form n.形式;表格 v.形成 tie n.领带 v.系;拴
turn n.转动 v.(使)转动;旋转
5.in+n. (表状态)
in order有条理的 in place在适当的位置
in space在太空 in condition健康状况好
in panic恐慌的
1
(共40张PPT)
必修一 Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab
1. conclusion n.结论;结束
教材原句
①????Conclusion????(conclude):Iron rusts in ordinary water.
◆单句填空
②It can be concluded????(conclude) that restaurant keepers need not “be
overly concerned about ‘bad’ tables,” given that they’re profitable.
重点单词
③When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to conclude it
with???? an important point.
④After a careful investigation, we drew a conclusion that????their deci-
sion was wrong.
⑤ In???? conclusion, I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself
today.
◆句型转换
⑥To conclude, I would like to thank everybody who helped me.
→ In conclusion????, I would like to thank everybody who helped me.
⑦What can you conclude from the evidence you’ve heard?
→What conclusion????can you draw????from the evidence you’ve heard?
点拨
(1)draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion得出结论
make a conclusion下结论 bring...to a conclusion使……结束
in conclusion最后;总之
(2)conclude v.得出结论;断定;推断出;结束
conclude sth. with...就某事与……达成协议;以……结束
conclude?(从……中)推断出……
to conclude总而言之,最后
2. aim n.目的;目标;瞄准v.瞄准;对准;目标在于
教材原句
①Aim:To????find out????(发现) if iron rusts in dry air.
◆单句填空
②Jane moved aimlessly????(aim) down the tree-lined street, not knowing
where she was heading.
③They’re aiming to????(aim) reduce unemployment by 50%.
④Twenty students want to attend the class that is aimed at teaching????
(teach) how to read fast.
⑤The special course is aimed???? (aim) at developing children’s appreci-
ation of music.
⑥In another experiment aimed????(aim) at testing long-term memory,
students took notes as before but were tested a week after the lecture.
◆句型升级
⑦An activity was held last week.It was aimed at improving the students'
abilities of listening and speaking.
→An activity was held last week, which was aimed at improving the stu-
dents’ abilities of listening and speaking????.(使用定语从句升级)
→An activity was held last week, aimed at improving the students’ abili-
ties of listening and speaking????.(使用非谓语动词升级)
点拨
(1)achieve one’s aim实现某人的目标 take aim at向……瞄准
with the aim of意在……
aim to do sth./aim at doing sth. 力求做某事 be aimed at目的是;旨在
(2)aimless adj.无目的的
aimlessly adv.无目标地
【点津】在take aim at中,aim前不能加冠词,即使aim前有形容词,也不可
加冠词。
3. react v. (化学)反应
教材原句
①When we use metals,it is important to know how they ????react with????(起
化学反应) different substances,for example,water and oxygen.
◆单句填空
②Hearing how others react to???? the book you have just read creates an
added pleasure.
③What was Jeff’s reaction to????the news that he was chosen to be
chairman of the students’ union?
④In our daily life, everyone fails every now and then. It is how???? you
react that makes a difference.
◆完成句子
⑤He didn’t believe it and even reacted strongly against???? me.
他不相信,甚至强烈反对我。
⑥ How a person reacts to????criticism often means the difference between
success and failure.一个人对批评做出怎样的反应通常意味着他是成功
还是失败。
点拨
(1)react to 对……做出反应
react with 和……反应
react against 反对
(2)reaction n.反应;起作用
reaction to对……做出的反应
4. balance n.天平;平衡;剩余;余额 v.(使)平衡;权衡
教材原句
①We use a ????balance????(天平) to weigh substances.
◆完成句子
②When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his balance????and
had a bad fall. 这个男孩在追他哥哥的时候失去了平衡,狠狠地摔了一跤。
③I’ve got a good sense of balance???? and learnt to ski quite quickly.
我已经有了较好的平衡感,并很快学会了滑雪。
④You are working too hard. You’d better keep a balance???? between
work and relaxation.
你工作太辛苦了, 你最好在工作和放松之间保持平衡。
⑤Many people have come to realize that they should keep a balanced
diet????. 很多人已经开始意识到他们应该保持饮食均衡。
◆赏句猜义???? 写出下面句中balance的含义。
⑥The current balance in your account is ￡1,182. 余额????
点拨
(1)balance n.平衡;天平;剩余;余额
keep one's balance 保持平衡
break one's balance 打破平衡
lose one's balance 失去平衡
on balance=on the whole/generally speaking总的说来
(2)balance v.(使)平衡;权衡
balance A with/and B同等重视(相对的两个事物或方面)
(3)balanced adj.平衡的
a balanced diet 均衡饮食
【助记】
?
5. form v.形成????n.形式;表格
教材原句
①When heated in oxygen, it burns????to form????(form) an oxide.
◆完成句子
②(2018课标全国Ⅲ)The curves(曲线) of the buildings perfectly match the
rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view????.
建筑物的曲线和山的高低起伏完美结合,形成了一种独特的景色。
③When we read books, pictures form in our brains??instead of before
our eyes.在我们读书的时候,画面会在我们的脑海中形成,而不是出现在
我们的眼前。
④You’d sound a little more polite if you make a request in the form of????
of a question.如果你以问题的方式提出请求的话,会听起来有礼貌得多。
⑤To keep healthy, Professor Johnson took up cycling as a regular form of????
exercise after he retired. 为了保持身体健康,约翰逊教授退休后开始
把骑自行车当成了一种经常的锻炼方式。
点拨
(1)form v.形成
form the habit of形成/养成……的习惯
form one’s character塑造某人的性格
(2)form n.形式
in the form of以……的形式
take the form of采取……的形式
a form of exercise一种锻炼方式
(3)form n.表格
fill in the form填表
1. add...to...往……加入……;把……加到……
教材原句
①????Add????(add) some oil to the water.
◆单句填空
②(2018课标全国Ⅲ) Adding????(add) the money to her fund made Geor-
gia agree to sell some of her objects.
③The dictionary is out of date: many words have been added to???? the
language since it was published.
重点短语
④There had been several new events added to????the program for the 200
8 Beijing Olympic Games.
⑤You’d better add up????your scores and see if you have passed the ex-
am.
⑥She jogged for several miles every day in addition to eating????(eat) less
to lose weight.
◆语段填空(用add及相关短语填空)
⑦The boss said it was not easy to manage a company.He added that????
the financial crisis added to????the difficulty.However, the dormitory for
workers needed improving and they would add????a toilet to????each
room.He added up????the expenses and the total added up to????more
than 1,000,000 yuan.
点拨
(1)add to 增加;增添(多用于抽象意义)
add up 把……加起来;合计
add up to 总计为;加起来达到
add that...补充说……
(2)addition n.加;增加;(数)加法
in addition 另外;此外(还有)
in addition to 除……之外还有
?
(3)additional adj.额外的;附加的
additional cost 额外的费用
【助记】
2. used to过去(常常)……
教材原句
①I never used to????enjoy????(enjoy) science, but last year I changed schools,
and the science teachers at my new school are excellent.
◆完成句子
② He used to be???? shy but now he can talk freely to anyone he meets.
他以前很害羞,但是现在他可以很自在地和遇到的任何人交谈。
③The large amount of wood which is cut from that forest is used to????
build the bridge.
这些大量的从那片森林里砍伐的木料是用来修建这座桥的。
④It was in the village where we used to live????that the accident hap-
pened.事故就发生在我们过去居住过的那个村子里。
⑤I’m not used to eating????(eat) so much at lunchtime.
我不习惯午饭吃那么多。
点拨
(1)used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
used to be 过去曾经是
there used to be 过去常常有
(2)be/get used to(doing) sth.习惯(做)某事
be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
3. be supposed to应当;理应
教材原句
①I’m going to try to go to either Montreal or Ottawa University,as both
are supposed ????to????have good Physics Departments.
◆完成句子
②(2018课标全国Ⅱ)I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were sup-
posed to meet????.我很早就来到了拜伦湾,我们应该在这儿见面。
③I haven’t seen it myself, but it’s supposed to be???? a great movie.这部
电影我没看过,不过人们普遍认为还不错。
④I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make????deci-
sions of my own. 现在我的生活到了我应该自己做决定的时候了。
◆单句填空
⑤The place at which the bridge is supposed to be built???? (build) should
be where the traffic is the heaviest.
⑥If you go to Xi’an, you will find the places there more magnificent than
commonly supposed???? (suppose).
⑦ Supposing that/Suppose???? (suppose)you have no idea how to use the washing machine, you can refer to the instructions.
点拨
(1)be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事
be supposed to have done sth.本应该做某事(实际未做)
(2)be supposed to be 被认为是
I suppose so. 我认为是这样。
I suppose not.=I don’t suppose so. 我认为不是这样。
(3)suppose/supposing that 假设;假定
1. It is+adj.+to do sth.
教材原句
①It is hard????to think???? (think) of a world without metals.
◆句型转换
②You are very kind to reserve a room for me.
→ It’s very kind of you????to reserve a room for me.
重点句型
③He didn’t pass the exam and that’s a shame.
→ It’s a shame that????he didn’t pass the exam.
◆完成句子
④Before taking measures to solve the problem, it is necessary for us to
know????what the problem itself is.在采取措施解决问题之前,我们有必要
知道问题本身是什么。
⑤Samuel can’t help having a big nose— it is typical of him????to be curi-
ous about others’ affairs.
Samuel就是爱打听事。对别人的事情好奇是他的典型特点。
⑥ It is difficult to????keep up a conversation with someone who only says
“Yes” and “No”.
和一个只会说“是”和“不是”的人很难保持交谈。
点拨
(1)在“It is +adj.+for sb. to do sth.”句型中,形容词只能说明不定式所表示的行为的性质和特点,不能说明不定式动作的执行者。能用于该结构的形容词有difficult、easy、hard、important、impossible、possible、necessary等。
(2)在“It is +adj.+of sb. to do sth.” 句型中,形容词说明不定式逻辑主语的品行、性格等。能用于该结构的形容词有nice、good、silly、stupid、carefu
等。
(3)It is+adj./n.+that...意为“……是……”。
2. the+比较级...,the+比较级...
教材原句
①The closer you are, the more????(much) you will see.
◆完成句子
②(2016四川) The more???? fat you take in before bedtime, the greater????
burden you will put on your body at night.睡觉前你摄入的脂肪越多,夜里
你身体的负担就越大。
③ The more???? you listen to English, the easier???? you’ll feel in speak-
ing English.
你英语听得越多,你就会感觉说英语越容易。
④ More and more rich people???? have promised to give away their
wealth after death to help the poor and the disabled.
越来越多的富人许诺在他们死后把财富捐献出来帮助穷人和残疾人。
◆句型转换
⑤If you are more careful, you will make fewer mistakes.
→ The more careful????you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
⑥If you practise more,you will become more skillful.
→ The more????you practise, the more skillful????you will become.
点拨
(1)“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……越……”,第一个“the+比
较级”是表示条件的状语从句,在表示将来意义的情况下,从句用一般
现在时表示将来;第二个“the+比较级”是主句,用一般将来时。
(2)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
题型组合训练三（A）
阅读理解
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
(2018课标全国Ⅲ)
Welcome to Holker Hall & Gardens
Visitor Information
How to Get to Holker?
By Car:Follow brown signs on A590 from J36, M6. Approximate travel times:Windermere—20 minutes, Kendal—25 minutes, Lancaster—45 minutes, Manchester—1 hour 30 minutes.
By Rail: The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports.
Opening Times?
Sunday—Friday(closed on Saturday)11:00 am—4:00 pm, 30th March—2nd November.
Admission Charges?
Hall & Gardens Gardens
Adults: ￡12.00 ￡8.00
Groups: ￡9.00 ￡5.50
Special Events
Producers’ Market 13th April?
Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.
Holker Garden Festival 30th May?
The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening.
National Garden Day 28th August?
Holker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.
Winter Market 8th November?
This is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.
1.How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?
A.20 minutes. B.25 minutes. C.45 minutes. D.90 minutes.
2.How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit Hall & Gardens?
A.￡12.00. B.￡9.00. C.￡8.00. D.￡5.50.
3.Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show?
A.Producers’ Market. B.Holker Garden Festival.
C.National Garden Day. D.Winter Market.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文,介绍了到达Holker的方式、参观时间、参观费用和特殊活动。
1.D 细节理解题。根据题干中的from Manchester直接定位到文章How to Get to Holker部分中的Manchester—1 hour 30 minutes,故选D项。?
2.B 细节理解题。根据题干中的a tour group和Hall & Gardens直接定位到文章Admission Charges部分中的Groups:￡9.00,故选B项。?
3.D 细节理解题。根据题干中的see a live music show直接定位到文章Winter Market部分中的enjoying a live music show,故选D项。?
B
Today, paper-making is a big business. But it is still possible to make paper by hand since the steps are the same as using big machines.
You should use paper with small amounts of printing. Old envelopes are good for this reason. Colored paper also can be used, as well as small amounts of newspaper. Small pieces of rags or cloth can be added. These should be cut into pieces about five centimeters by five centimeters.
Everything is placed in a container, covered with water and brought to a boil. It is mixed for about two hours with some common chemicals and then allowed to cool. Then it is left until most of the water dries up. The substance left, called pulp(纸浆), can be stored until you are ready to make paper.
When you are ready, the pulp is mixed with water again. Then the pulp is poured into a mould. The mould is made of small squares of wire that hold the shape and thickness of the paper. To help dry the paper, the mould lets the water flow through the small wire squares.
After several more drying steps, the paper is carefully lifted back from the mould. It is now strong enough to be touched. The paper is smoothed and pressed to remove trapped air. You can use a common electric iron used for pressing clothes.
4.It is suggested that we “should choose paper with small amounts of printing” to .?
A.make paper by ourselves B.renew the old envelopes
C.make various colored paper D.create our own newspaper
5.Whether the paper is strong enough to be touched is determined by .?
A.how long the pulp is stored
B.how thick the paper is
C.how much water remains
D.what type of chemicals are used
6.When the paper is lifted back from the mould, it is time to .?
A.make it smooth B.make it strong
C.decorate it D.use an iron
7.The passage is most probably intended to .?
A.introduce the history of paper-making
B.describe the process of paper-making
C.compare the ancient with the modern paper-making
D.argue about the possibility of paper-making by hand
答案
[语篇解读] 本文属于说明文,作者讲述了如何手工做纸,并详细介绍了手工做纸的程序和方法。
4.A 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句But it is still possible to make paper by hand since the steps are the same as using big machines.可知主要讲述的是手工做纸的话题,所以在第二段中提出要选择那些印刷内容较少的纸张,目的就是自己做纸。故A正确。
5.C 推理判断题。根据第三段第三句Then it is left until most of the water dries up. The substance left, called pulp(纸浆), can be stored until you are ready to make paper.以及最后一段中的After several more drying steps...可知剩下的水越少,说明纸浆就越多,那么生产出来的纸的质量也就越好,能够硬到让人去触摸。故C正确。
6.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的The paper is smoothed and pressed to remove trapped air. You can use a common electric iron used for pressing clothes.说明当纸从模具里拿出来以后,要对它进行熨烫,让它变平。故A正确。
7.B 主旨大意题。作者在本文中讲述的是如何手工做纸,并详细介绍了手工做纸的程序和方法。所以本文主要就是描述做纸的过程,故B正确。
C
As trees across the northern areas turn gold and deep red, you can find autumn colors in parks and woodlands, in the cities, countryside, and mountains. People are wondering what these colors are for. For years, scientists have worked to understand the changes that happen to trees in the autumn. Up to now there have been different explanations for why natural selection makes autumn colors so widespread.
Dr.Hamilton from Oxford University proposed that bright autumn leaves contained a message: they warn insects to leave them alone. In the autumn, insects choose trees where they will lay eggs. When the larvae(幼虫)come out the next spring, they feed on the trees, often with a result of destruction of the trees. Dr. Hamilton suggested that trees could ward off these insects with poisons. They could have strong defenses by letting egg-laying insects know what was in store for their eggs.?
Dr.Hamilton and his students turned the theory into a mathematical model, which showed that warning signals could indeed drive the evolution(进化)of bright leaves. It was a first attempt to see what was out there.
A research team from the University of Wisconsin gave a quite different explanation. “If you are up here in Wisconsin, by the time leaves change, all the insects that feed on leaves are gone,” Dr. Hoch said. He believed that autumn colors served mainly as protection.
According to Dr. Hoch and his team, autumn colors might be able to protect the leaves from sun damage or frost(冰冻)injury—in other words, they actually act as a sunscreen to avoid the destruction of the leaves. Besides, autumn colors might protect the leaves from water loss. If the cells in the leaves become dry, the connections between the cells will be weakened and the leaves will break off.
Although there are different explanations about autumn colors, it has really given them a deeper concern for this time of year. “People sometimes say that science makes the world less interesting by just explaining things away,” one famous biologist said.“But with autumn leaves, the more you know about them, the more amazed you will be.”
8.According to Dr. Hamilton, there is a connection between .?
A.the size of leaves and the survival of insects
B.the size of leaves and the behavior of insects
C.the size of leaves and the quality of insects
D.the size of leaves and the number of insects
9.Dr. Hoch and his team give the explanation that .?
A.climate has an influence on the color of the leaves
B.sun damage and frost injury drive the insects away
C.the color of autumn leaves has a protective function
D.autumn colors bring great destruction to the leaves
10.The underlined phrase “ward off” in Paragraph 2 probably means“ ”.?
A.catch B.attract
C.ignore D.prevent
11.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A.The evolution of colorful leaves
B.The secret to autumn leaves’ changes
C.The charming autumn colors
D.The role of leaves’ being protection
答案
[语篇解读] 秋天到了,叶子成了金黄色。在我们眼中这是美丽的秋景,可是科学家们却在研究叶子变成黄色是为了什么。秋天的叶子里藏着什么秘密?
8.D 推理判断题。根据第二段中In the autumn, insects choose trees where they will lay eggs. When the larvae(幼虫)come out the next spring, they feed on the trees, often with a result of destruction of the trees.可知幼虫以树叶为食,所以树叶的大小和昆虫的数量有关系。故选D项。
9.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中According to Dr. Hoch and his team, autumn colors might be able to protect the leaves from sun damage or frost(冰冻)injury—in other words, they actually act as a sunscreen to avoid the destruction of the leaves.可知秋天的树叶有保护作用,金黄色保护叶子免受伤害,故选C项。
10.D 词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词前一句When the larvae(幼虫)come out the next spring, they feed on the trees, often with a result of destruction of the trees.和后一句They could have strong defenses by letting egg-laying insects know what was in store for their eggs.可知画线词的意思是“阻止”,故选D。
11.B 主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句As trees across the northern areas turn gold and deep red, you can find autumn colors in parks and woodlands, in the cities, countryside, and mountains.和最后一段中 “But with autumn leaves, the more you know about them, the more amazed you will be.”可知本文叙述的是秋天树叶变化的秘密。故选B项。
D
If you’ve ever had to chop an onion, you probably know that it’s one of the most annoying cooking experiences. It just fills your eyes with tears. Scientists and farmers have been working on a solution to this problem for decades, and they’ve apparently come up with a tearless onion.
Called the “Sunion”, this new vegetable is the result of a natural cross-breeding program that’s been going on farms in Nevada and Washington since the 1980s. It’s supposedly a sweet, mild-tasting onion that doesn’t leave that strong, pungent aftertaste, but what really sets it apart from most other onion varieties is that it doesn’t cause teary eyes when it’s chopped.
When you cut into a normal onion, it releases a compound called lachrymatory-factor synthase, and when that hits your eyes, your body produces tears. Now, the interesting thing about regular onions is that the amounts of lachrymatory-factor synthase increase the longer the vegetables are stored, so the older they are, the more you will cry. In Sunions, on the other hand, the levels of that annoying compound drop as time goes by, until it no longer has any effect on your eyes when you cut it.
That’s what Sunion growers are claiming anyway, but reports from those lucky enough to have tried them seem to confirm these claims. The Huffington Post had three of its reporters chop some Sunions, and apparently, none of them shed a single tear. According to the Washington Post, they don’t have the pungency of regular onions and are so sweet that you can eat them “like popcorn”.
So the good news is that tearless onions are now a real thing. The bad news is that they are currently only grown in Washington and Nevada, and even though they are sold nationwide, they are still in relatively short supply. The first Sunion batches hit the shelves of grocery stores in December, but we’ll probably start seeing them in most grocery shops and supermarkets in the next few years, as more people learn about them.
12.What is special about the Sunion?
A.It’s easily chopped.
B.It’s sweet and tastes strong.
C.It’s tearless and mild.
D.It’s grown nationwide in the USA.
13.How does the author introduce the Sunion in Paragraph 3?
A.By comparison.
B.By telling a story.
C.By giving examples.
D.By asking questions.
14.What does the underlined word “pungency” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A.Round shape. B.Strong smell.
C.Special character. D.Medical function.
15.What can we conclude from the last paragraph?
A.The Sunion has been largely on the market.
B.The Sunion is still on trial at present.
C.The Sunion will soon be grown worldwide.
D.The author is confident about the future of the Sunion.
答案
[语篇解读] 有过切洋葱经历的人一定会印象深刻:两眼泪水。美国两个州研究出了一种新型的洋葱,不会让人流泪而且还可以像吃玉米花那样吃它。
12.C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句中的they’ve apparently come up with a tearless onion及第二段中It’s supposedly a sweet, mild-tasting onion that doesn’t leave that strong, pungent aftertaste, but what really sets it apart from most other onion varieties is that it doesn’t cause teary eyes when it’s chopped.可知这种洋葱不会让人流眼泪且气味不浓。故选C项。
13.A 推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知,作者用普通洋葱与新型洋葱进行比较,故作者是运用了比较法。故选A项。
14.B 词义猜测题。根据其后半句are so sweet that you can eat them “like popcorn”可以猜测出pungency是“刺激性气味”之意。故选B项。
15.D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中The first Sunion batches hit the shelves of grocery stores in December,but we’ll probably start seeing them in most grocery shops and supermarkets in the next few years,as more people learn about them.可知作者对Sunion的未来很有信心。故选D。
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Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab
语境运用
语境词汇运用
?词汇拼写(注意单词或短语的形式变化)
1.The population of Africa is e so rapidly as to cause concern of the whole world.?
2.I found something large (漂浮) on the sea about a mile away from the shore.?
3.The economy continues to (收缩),raising fears of further political problems.?
4.Sam has been appointed manager of the engineering d to take the place of George.?
5.Any substance is made up of atom. Whether it is solid, l or gas.?
6.That e-book is no larger than a(n) (普通的)book with a screen where you can read novels.?
7.I found the (演讲) hard to follow because it had started when I arrived.?
8.Good habits (形成)at an early age will benefit you a lot in your whole life.?
9.Everyone has a (阶段) in their life when they seem to have trouble in everything.?
10. Do remember to take this medicine three times a day with warm b water!?
答案 1.expanding 2.floating 3.contract 4.department 5.liquid 6.ordinary 7.lecture 8.formed 9.stage 10.boiled
?单句填空(注意单词或短语的形式变化)
1.The naughty boy tasted the brown (mix) and made faces at the whole class.?
2.Her first concert was only a (part) success because there was something wrong with the sound system.?
3.Mr. Wang attaches a small (electric) device to the house,which is powered by the sun.?
4.One advantage of eating a (balance) diet is that it can keep you energetic throughout the day.?
5.If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my immediate (react) will be to tell the police.?
6.The school has been rebuilt and it is well .Much money has been spent on the office .(equip)?
7.To our ,the famous star died.That’s to say,we were at the news of her sudden death,and it was really .(astonish)?
8.Is it he or you who are in charge of the job and (suppose)to complete it on time??
9.The research lacks solid evidence, and therefore, its (conclude) are doubtful.?
10.Her cat was found several days later, (float)on the river, dead.?
答案 1.mixture 2.partial 3.electrical 4.balanced 5.reaction 6.equipped,equipment 7.astonishment,astonished,astonishing 8.supposed 9.conclusions 10.floating
经典句型仿写
1.这个班三分之一的学生是男生。(“分数+of+名词”作主语)
One third of the students in the class .?
2.这座小镇已经发展成了一个大城市,面积比以前大三倍。
The town has developed into a big city, which is it used to be.?
3.面对失败,保持一个好的心态是最重要的。(it’s +adj. + to do sth.)
In the face of failure, a good state of mind.?
4.快,公交车来了。准备好钱了吗?(here引起的倒装句)
Come on, .Have you got the right money??
5.写作文的时候你越细心,你犯的错误就越少。(the more...the more)
you are while writing a composition, you will make.?
答案 1.are boys 2.three times larger than 3.it is the most important to keep up 4.here comes the bus 5.The more careful, the fewer mistakes
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