Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark Section A3 (Grammar focus-4c)优学案（含答案）

Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark
Section A3 (Grammar focus-4c)
【学习目标】
1．教会学生掌握词汇European，African，British，speech，public，in public。
2．教会学生正确使用“used to”结构谈论自己及他人在外貌、性格、兴趣爱好及生活等方面的变化。
3．指导学生能通过学习，培养自己遇到困难不放弃的心态。
4. 正确使用本课语法要点，熟练运用used to的各种句型描述自己或他人的变化。
5. 通过本课的学习，学会正确的评价和审视他人。
【重点和难点】
【学习重点】
学会使用“used to”结构谈论过去与现在的对比变化。
【学习难点】
掌握“used to”结构的用法。
【课前预习】
找出下列词组。并大声的读出来吧！
开始唱歌
克服她的羞怯
敢做某事
不再……
在众人面前
反复；一直
被众人所关注；吸引无数目光
担心……；担忧……
对……小心
和朋友们闲逛
放弃你正常的生活
奋力坚持；继续战斗
需要很大的天赋和勤奋
【合作探究】
探究一、阅读Grammar Focus中的句子，巩固used to结构及用法。(3mins)
1. 我以前是矮个子。 I ______ ____ be short.
2. 我以前在学校常不受欢迎。 I ______ _____ to be popular in school.
3. 保拉以前的确不爱说话。 Paula _____ ____ be really short.
4. 她以前不喜欢小测试。 She _____ _____ _____ like tests.
5. 你以前很矮，不是吗？ You used to be short, ______ _______?
是的，我是。/ 不，不是。 Yes, I _____. / No, I _______.
6. 他以前戴眼镜吗？ ____ he _____ ______ wear glasses?
是的，他戴。/ 不，他不戴。 Yes, he _____. / No, he ______.
探究二、总结used to 的用法及句式结构。(9mins)
探究二、used to的用法。(9mins)
used to?意为“过去经常，以前常常”，表示过去的习惯性动作或经常性状态，而现在已不存在。它没有人称和数的变化，其后接动词原形。如：
Amy used to keep many pet dogs.
I used to be weak, but now I’m very strong.
I / He / They used to go to school early.
used to的否定形式：didn’t use to。如：
Jerry didn’t use to go swimming.
used to的一般疑问句句式为：“Did+主语+use to+动词原形+其他?”如：
Did you use to play computer games?
【链接】
★?be / get used to (doing) sth.意为“习惯于（做）……”。如：
I cook every day, so I’m used to it.
My mother is quite used to hard work.
My mother is quite used to working hard.
★?be used to do sth.意为“被用来做……”。如：
These money is used to help poor children.
used to 与 be used to (3mins)
used to do sth.
表示过去习惯性的动作或存在的状态。to后跟动词原形，只用于一般过去时态。
be used to
+ n./pron./doing
意为“习惯于……”，to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。可用于各种时态。
get/become used
to sth./doing sth.
意为“逐渐习惯于……”，强调这一习惯的过程，to是介词。
be used to do
意为“被用来做……”，被动语态结构，to后跟动词原形。
be used for doing sth
意为“被用来……”，介词for表示功能、用途。
【运用】
Ⅰ.?根据各题后括号内的要求完成句子。
1. Her cousin used to watch TV on Mondays.? (改为否定句)
Her cousin ____________________ watch TV on Mondays.
2. The boy used to collect coins.? (改为一般疑问句)
____________________ collect coins?
Ⅱ.?根据所给汉语意思完成下列英语句子，每空词数不限。
1.?这个高个子男人以前是一名老师，现在是一名歌手。
The tall man ______________________________, but now he is a singer.
2.?我父母习惯晚饭后散步了。
My parents ______________________________ a walk after dinner.
3.?现在我们大都不用相机拍照了。
Most of us ______________________________ to take photos any more.
4.?小刀被用来切东西。
Knives ______________________________ things.
探究四、探究未知
1) Discussion
Have a discussion about the tasks in preview.
Presentations
Present the usage of used to.
Rewrite the sentences in 4a. （改写4a中的句子。）
探究五、知识链接
【词汇详解】
speech n. 演说；演讲；言语
speech多用于正式场合，一般是经过准备的；
talk一般是未经过准备的，较为随便的，讲话方式比较自由。
report指下级对上级的“汇报，报告”。
【词汇应用】
He won the first prize ________ ________ ________ ________. 他在演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。
2）反意疑问句即附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法没有把握，需要对方证实。 反意疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称、时态应保持一致。
主要形式：陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式 ；陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式?（前肯后否；前否后肯）
e.g. 1. You are a student, aren’t you? 你是个学生，不是吗？
2. He came early, didn’t he? 他来得很早，不是吗？
3. Miss Smith isn’t a nurse, is she? 史密斯小姐不是护士，对吧？
4. Mr. Wang didn’t come home, did he? 王先生没有回家，对吧？
【语法详解】
used to的用法小结
1．used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”，将过去和现在对比，暗示现在不做了。在肯定句中，used无人称和数的变化，to为动词不定式符号，后接动词原形。如：
He used to go to school at six o'clock.他过去常常六点去上学。
2．used to do sth.的否定形式
主语＋usedn't to do sth.或主语＋didn't use to do sth.如：
He used to play computer games all day.他过去常常整天玩电脑游戏。
→He usedn't to play computer games all day.
＝He didn't use to play computer games all day.
【注意】usedn't＝used not
3．used to do的疑问句形式及其答语
(1)Used＋主语＋to do…？
回答：Yes，主语＋used to./No，主语＋usedn't to.如：
—Used Tom to watch TV？汤姆过去常常看电视吗？
—Yes，he used to./No，he usedn't to.是的，他经常看。/不是，他不经常看。
(2)Did＋主语＋use to do…？
回答：Yes，主语＋did./No，主语＋didn't.如：
—Did you use to do homework after school？你过去常常在放学后做家庭作业吗？
—Yes，I did./No，I didn't.是的，我做。/不是，我不做。
4．used to do的反意疑问句形式也有两种，类似于否定句形式。如：
—They used to see English movies on Sundays，usedn't they？/didn't they？他们过去常常在星期天看英文电影，是吗？
—Yes，they used to./No，they usedn't to.或Yes，they did./No，they didn't.是的，他们过去常看。/不是，他们过去不常看。
5．used to也可用于there be结构，表示“过去常有”。如：
There used to be a meeting every Monday morning last month.上个月每个星期一上午总要开会。
【拓展】get/be used to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事；use sth.to do sth.用……做某事；be used to do sth.被用来做某事；be used for (doing) sth.被用来做某事；be used by被……所用。
【课时小结】
重点单词
1. European adj. 欧洲的；欧洲人的
2. African adj. 非洲的；非洲人的
3. British adj. 英国的；英国人的
4. speech n. 讲话；发言
5. public n. 民众 adj. 公开的；公众的
重点词组
1. read books on European history阅读有关欧洲历史的书
2. African culture非洲文化
3. teach American English教美式英语
4. enjoy country music享受乡村音乐
5. be alone独处
6. give a speech in public作一个公开演讲
重点句式
1. Grace used to watch a lot of TV.格蕾丝过去看许多电视。
2. She didn’t use to watch a lot of movies.她过去没有看许多电影。
3. Emily didn’t use to eat a lot of vegetables, but now she loves carrots and tomatoes.埃米丽过去不吃许多蔬菜，但是现在她喜爱胡萝卜和西红柿。
4. I used to be afraid of flying, but now I am still afraid of high places.我过去害怕飞行，现在我仍然恐高。
【达标检测】
一、单项选择。
1. — How does Jack usually go to work?
— He ___________ drive a car, but now he __________ there to lose weight.
A. used to; is used to walk B. was used to; is used to walking
C. was used to; is used to walk D. used to; is used to walking
2. In English class we are used to ___________ in groups.
A. work B. to work C. working D. works
3. Your father used to eat meat, ___________?
A. did you B. didn’t you C. didn’t he D. did he
4. — _____ Mike _____ wear a pair of glasses?
— Yes, he did. He has been short-sighted for many years.
A. Is; used to B. Is; used
C. Did; use to D. Did; used
5. The Greens used to live in London and now they ___ in Beijing.
A. used to live B. are used to living
C. are used to live D. are used for living
6. It is impolite to smoke _____________.
A. in public B. in danger C. in silence D. in surprise
二、词性转换
1. The people here are _____________ (friend) to us.
2. The girl who will perform at the party tomorrow come from a _____________ (Europe) country.
3. China is an _____________ (Asia) country.
4. Jane is an _______ (Africa) girl. But she is studying in Asia now.
5. Confidence is the first step on the road to _____________ (succeed).
6. We are going to give a ______ (speak) at the meeting this afternoon.
7. Can Helen deal with her ______________ (shy) well? She is too shy.
8. In order to get good grades, we must be ____ (care) in the exams.
三、动词应用。
1. I used to be afraid of _____________ (be) alone.
2. Jack used to __ (play) basketball, but now he likes playing soccer.
3. The reporter is ______________ (interview) our headmaster.
4. The old man is used to ____________ (live) in the countryside.
5. As she got better, she ____________ (dare) to sing in front of her class.
四、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 这里有时下雨。
It rains here ________ _______ __________ ______________.
2. 你以前经常骑自行车去上学吗？
Did you ______________ _______________ ride the bike to school?
3. 我过去在学校并不受欢迎。
I _____________ use to _____________ popular at school.
4. 格蕾丝过去经常看电视。
Grace _____________ __________ ______________ a lot of TV.
5. 我过去害怕在公共场合做演讲。
I used to _________ _______ _____________ in ____________.
6. 我每天花至少一个小时读书。
I spend ______________ ______________ one hour _____________ books.
7. 在昨天的聚会上，一个十八岁的男孩为我们展示了他的才华。
_______________ _______________ boy showed us his talents at yesterday’s party.
8. 我过去不喜欢考试。
I didn’t _____________ _____________ ______________ tests
五、句型转换。
1. My family used to live in the country. (改为否定句)
My family _______ ________________ __________ live in the country.
2. Bill used to dislike Chinese and history. (就划线部分提问)
______________ _____________ Bill _____________ to dislike?
3. They used to enjoy shopping on weekends.(改为一般疑问句)
______________ they ______________ to enjoy shopping on weekends?
4. She wasn’t afraid of flying in an airplane before. (改为同义句)
She ______ ________ _____________ be afraid of flying in an airplane.
5.She didn’t use to go fishing. (改为肯定句)
She ______________ ______________ go fishing.
6.Your brother used to have long straight hair. (完成反意疑问句)
Your brother used to have long straight hair, ______________ ______________?
【教师寄语】
【自我评价】
1. 本课我学会了什么？
____________________________________________
2. 通过本课的学习，我还有哪些疑问？
________________________________________________
参考答案：
【课前预习】
take up singing?
deal with her shyness
dare to do sth.?
not ... anymore?
in front of crowds?
all the time?
get tons of attention
worry about ... / be worried about ...
be careful about ...?
hang out with friends?
give up your normal life?
fight on?
require a lot of talent and hard work?
探究二
Ⅰ. 1. didn’t use to 2. Did the boy use to
Ⅱ. 1. used to be a teacher?? ?? 2. are used to taking
3. don’t use the camera????? 4. are used to cut / are used for cutting
探究五 in the speech competition
【达标检测】
一. 1-6 DCCCBA
二.
1. friendly 2. European 3. Asian 4. African 5. success
6. speech 7. shyness 8. careful
三.
1. being 2. play 3. interviewing 4. living 5. dared
四
1. from time to time 2. use to 3. didn’t; be 4. used to watch
5. give a speech; public 6. at least; reading 7. An 18-year-old 8. use to like
五
1. didn’t use to 2. What did use 3. Did use
4. didn’t use to 5. used to 6. didn’t he