（人教版）高中英语必修2：Unit 3 Computers话题语言应用--“计算机”写作练习
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| 名称 | （人教版）高中英语必修2：Unit 3 Computers话题语言应用--“计算机”写作练习 |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-08-14 10:29:25 | ||
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文档简介
话题语言应用——电脑
语言积累
交际用语
做出决定（making decisions ）
I think / don’t think that…我认为/不认为……
I’ve decided that…我已经决定
Let’s make a decision. 我们做个决定
I believe that …我相信……
Let’s decide…让我们决定……
说明理由（Reasoning）
The advantage/disadvantage is …有利的/不利的……
I agree/don’t agree… because…我同意/ 不同意…因为……
Give me your reasons. 给我你的理由
First… Second…首先……其次……
What makes you think so? 为什么这么想？
I think…because (of)…我认为……因为……
As/ Since…, I think…因为……我认为……
范例：
―I think there are several advantages in city life.
―Yes, I believe that’s why most people like to live in the city.
―我认为城市生活有很多有利的地方。
―是的，我相信这就是为什么许多人愿意来大城市生活的原因。
―I think we can work together to create an even better system.
―I agree with you, because unity is power.
― 我想我们一起能够创造一个更好的系统。
―我同意你的观点，因为团结就是力量。
―Do not youthink they are quarrelling with each other?
―What makes you think so?
―你不认为他们互相在吵架吗？
―你为什么这样想？
4．―How do you like the story? Give me your reasons, please.
―First, it is very interesting and second I like the plot.
―喜欢这个故事吗?说说理由。
―首先这个故事非常有趣儿，其次我喜欢里面的情节。
【语言应用】，
话题词句1
Development of the computer
1642: The computer began as a calculating machine.
1822: The analytical machine was made by Charles Babbage.
1936: The computer grew rapidly both in size and brainpower.
1940s: The computer had grown as large as a room.
1960s: The first family of computers was connected to each other.
1970s: Computers were used in offices and homes.
Now: Computers connect people all over the world together.
The newest and smartest development of the computer
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the study of how to make computers do intelligent things that people can do, such as think and make decisions.
1. Do you know any other artificial intelligence figure? What do they do? How do you like them?
2. What work do you expect the artificial intelligence figure do if you are the inventor?
3. What is the final fate of artificial intelligence figure against human beings? Will the former replace the latter?
Movies about Artificial Intelligence
In the year 2035 a techno-phobic（恐惧症的） cop investigates a crime that may have been perpetrated(犯罪) by a robot, which leads to a larger threat to humanity.??
Movies about Artificial Intelligence
Three Laws
A robot may not injure a human being, or through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.
A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.
A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.
In the not-so-far future the polar ice caps have melted and the resulting raise of the ocean waters has drowned all the coastal cities of the world. Withdrawn to the interior of the continents, the human race keeps advancing, reaching to the point of creating realistic robots (called mechas) to serve him. One of the mecha-producing companies builds David, an artificial kid which is the first to have real feelings, especially a never-ending love for his “mother”, Monica. Monica is the woman who adopted him as a substitute(替代) for her real son, stricken by an incurable disease. David is living happily with Monica and her husband, but when their real son returns home after a cure is discovered, his life changes dramatically.
The career of a disillusioned(理想破灭的) producer, who is desperate for a hit, is endangered when his star walks off the film set. Forced to think fast, the producer decides to digitally（电子的） create an actress “Simone” to sub（替代） for the star--the first totally believable synthetic（合成的） actress. The “actress” becomes an overnight sensation（轰动）, with a major singing career as well, and everyone thinks she‘s a real person. However, as Simone’s fame skyrockets（迅速上升）, he cannot bear to admit his fraud（欺骗）to himself or the world.
话题词句2
1. Activities done on the Internet 网上做的事
get entertainment 获取娱乐节目 send email 发电子邮件
get all sorts of information 获取各种信息 book tickets 订票
learn good or bad English 学好的或坏的英语 do net shopping 网上购物
tour the world (virtual tourism) 环游世界（虚拟旅游） virtual school 虚拟学校
2. Attacks on the Internet 网上的袭击
People : terrorists 恐怖分子 criminals 罪犯 hackers 黑客
Results: information disappears 信息消失 cause chaos 引发混乱
make planes and trains crash 使飞机或火车相撞 cause crime 引发犯罪
My computer was attacked by a virus (病毒). Everything seemed to be in chaos (混乱).
3. About Virtual Reality 有关虚拟现实
1) Some people paint a rosy picture of what life would be like if virtual reality were everywhere. In an article in the journal of the Association for Computing Machinery, multimedia (多媒体) expert Ramesh Jain wrote: “You might experience your friend’s wedding in India, seeing1 what is happening, feeling the warm, humid (潮湿的) air of the wedding hall, listening to conversations and the wedding music, and enjoying the taste and aroma (芬芳) of the food being served. You might experience all that and more while sitting at home in Montana on a frigid (寒冷的) January morning.”
注1：seeing, ... listening...等四个动词-ing形式，都表示前面的动词experience 经历/体验的同时做的另外动作，作伴随状语。
2) People also argue about (争论) the possible social effects of having most personal interactions (互动) occur (发生) online, in the virtual or cyberspace world. Supporters of virtual reality and online communities (团体) say that future VR and computer technology could change the nature of communication, bringing people around the world closer together.
3) Too much dependence on this kind of communication, he and others fear, can isolate (隔绝) people from real relationships with family and close friends. The isolation is worst for the small number of people who have apparently become addicted to cyberspace gaming. They spend nearly all their time online, ignoring parents, friends, schoolwork, or jobs. They come to regard the imaginary world of the games as more important and more “real” than the world outside.
4) (2018 安徽模拟) As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remember less? If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory, your brain? Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.
拓展阅读：
机器人是否完全替代人类？
With the development of science, more and more people are confused that whether it is good or bad to make robot. Are robots going to take place of human beings？ Every coin has two sides. Robot can be good to our society and life. At the same time, it also have some bad effect on our life. In my opinion, the advantages of robot are much more than the disadvantage of robots. First, robots make our life more convenient. We can do many thing that we didn't have the ability to do in the past by using robots. That makes our life more effective. Second, robots can be used in industry produce. Factories can reduce the cost of production by using robots. Robots do not need to eat and they will not be ill. That's very good for producing goods. Third, robots can save more people when disaster happens. Because they can't feel pain and they can save more people without feeling tired. ??? In a word, the world is changing. We should also change our thought to accept robots to become part of our life. That can make our life more colorful.
Long-distance signing device, the LongPen
A world-famous Canadian author, Margaret Atwood, has created the world’s first long-distance signing device (装置), the LongPen.
After many tiring book-signing from city to city, Atwood thought there must be a better way to do them. She hired some technical experts and started her own company in 2004. Together they designed the LongPen. Here’s how it works: The author writes a personal message and signature on a computer tablet (手写板) using a special pen. On the receiving end, in another city, a robotic arm fitted with a regular pen signs the book. The author and fan can talk with each other via webcams (网络摄像机) and computer screens.
Work on the LongPen began in Atwood’s basement (地下室). At first, they had no idea it would be as hard as it turned out to be. The device went through several versions, including one that actually had smoke coming out of it. The investing finally completed, test runs were made in Ottawa, and the LongPen was officially launched at the 2006 London Book Fair. From here, Atwood conducted two transatlantic book signings of her latest book for fans in Toronto and New York City.
The LongPen produces a unique signature each time because it copies the movement of the author in real time. It has several other potential applications. It could increase credit card security and allow people to sign contracts from another province. The video exchange between signer and receiver can be recorded on DVD for proof when legal documents are used.
“It’s really fun”, said the owner of a bookstore, who was present for one of the test runs. “Obviously you can’t shake hands with the author， but there are chances for a connection that you don’t get from a regular book signing..
The response to the invention has not been all favorable. Atwood has received criticism from authors who think she is trying to end book tours. But she said, “It will be possible to go to places that you never got sent to before because the publishers couldn’t afford it.”
写作运用
写作指导
如何描写理想中的机器人（Imaginative writing: describing an android）
[写作指导]
描写理想中的机器人属于开放性作文，需要运用想象力对自己心目中的机器人的形态、构造、种类、功能等进行大胆的设想，并进行科学的描述。
这类写作没有固定的结构或格式，给作者留出充分的想象空间来描述想象中的机器人。
这类文章的时态常用一般现在时，语态常用被动语态，可用虚拟语气。
要灵活地采用不同的说明方法。从不同的角度对机器人给我们的生活带来的好处进行描述。为避免单纯描写带来的枯燥性，可以适当运用修辞方法，例如，拟人法，使文章显得有灵气。
常用表达方式：
My ideal robot in the future will be like … and…or perhaps it will help me …
Robots can do some dangerous work.
She doesn’t need holidays, food or rest and she will work almost 24hours a day. She is very patient and never complains…
Robot can be with me whenever I feel lonely.
How wonderful it will be that robots can help us care for children!
[实战演练]
你们班进行了一次关于未来机器人的讨论。作为你们小组的代表，请你以My ideal Robot in the Future 为题写一篇100词左右的短文，向同学们介绍你心目中理想的机器人。
[参考范文]
My Ideal Robot in the Future
My ideal robot in the future is a beautiful little girl. She can help me with my work and give me advice whenever I meet with difficulties. She can remind me of any important things, such as exams and even my birthday. She does most of the housework without rest.
With such a robot, I don’t feel lonely any longer because she can sing and dance to me whenever I need. She can play tennis with me and express her feeling in language and with gestures. She shares my joys and sorrows as well.
Wouldn’t it be interesting to have such a robot in the future?
单元话题作文
Sample 1
请根据下列提示，写一篇有关计算机的短文。
1．计算机是20世纪最伟大的发明，计算机的快速发展极大地改变了人们的生活和工作方式；
2．计算机因其计算速度快、储存信息量大、使用范围广而广泛应用于工业、农业和服务业；
3．计算机在我国学校教育中越来越受到重视，许多学校配备有计算机，并经常举办计算机比赛；
4．学好计算机非常重要。
注意：1.短文须包括所有提示要点；
2．词数：100～120。
参考范文：
The computer is the greatest invention of the 20th century. It has been developing so rapidly that it has greatly changed the way people live and work.
The computer can calculate much faster than human beings and it can store a great deal of information. As a result，it has been used in various fields，such as industry，agriculture，service and so on.
In recent years more and more attention has been paid to the computer in school education in our country .A lot of schools are equipped with computers and computer lessons are given to students. Besides，computer competitions are often held.
As we can see，it is extremely important to learn the computer well.
Sample 2
（2018吉林长春第十一高中期末）
网络购物逐渐成为我们生活的一个部分，请你用英文给China Daily写一封信，谈谈网络购物的利弊以及你的看法。
要点如下：
1.优点（方便、快捷、质优价廉）
2.缺点 (质量无法保证、售后态度不好)
3.你的看法
参考范文：
Dear editor,
With the fast development of e-commerce, online shopping is increasingly becoming an unavoidable part of the young’s life.
The popularity of online shopping definitely has its own reasons. First and foremost, online shopping usually means something you buy both cheap in price and better in quality. Besides, goods you get online come to you fast as well as conveniently, saving your tiredness of shopping and walking. But the other side of the coin is also true. Goods bought online are not as fine as those from the store which you can watch, feel and smell by yourself. Some online shoppers become impatient or even unreasonable after you have paid for the goods.
In my opinion, we should improve our e-commerce laws to regulate the activities of online purchase. Meanwhile, as the online customers, we should be cautious while shopping online.
Best wishes
Yours，
Li Hua
巩固练习
单词拼写
1. There are really some __________ (不利之处) of the Internet. First of all, a great deal of junk information spread through the Internet, which disturbs our life terribly.
2．(2018江苏扬州期末) To protect your computer, you need to be aware of the different ways in which ________ (病毒) can be spread from one computer to another.
3. It took him only 30 seconds to make a _________ (决定) to act. No wonder he didn’t seem to have made any preparations for it.
4. Everyone may __________ (经历) these problems at some time in their lives.
5. The boy ________ (争论) with his teacher about his homework after school, which made him late for the football match.
单项填空
1、—Hey，I think Jenny’s team will lose tonight’s game.
—Oh，really？________
A．What makes you think so?
B．Let’s make a decision.
C．I beg your pardon?
D．That’s my opinion.
2．Jack________many times to take good care of his clothes，but he turns a deaf ear to it.
A．has told B．told
C．has been told D．was being told
3．—I’m sorry for my mistake.
—________，I’m glad you made that mistake，for it will serve as a warning to you.
A．In any way B．In a way
C．In her way D．In the way
4．—All of us could imagine who would win before the competition ended.
—Of course. The result was________.
A．logical B．magical
C．hopeless D．sure
5．With time________，the pollution in this river is getting worse and worse.
A．goes after B．going by
C．passes by D．going ahead
6．Han Geng was the first Chinese that became a pop singer in South Korea.________，he was paid more attention to.
A．As a result B．What’s more
C．After all D．In return
7．Flowers of this kind are so________that they can be seen everywhere.
A．usual B．ordinary
C．normal D．common
8．While he was________about in the street，he happened to meet Lucy.
A．wandering B．wondering
C．wondered D．wandered
9．(2018 北京东城期末) I've forgotten the gathering time—will you remind me____________ it?
A. to B. with C. of D. for
10．We’ll take a holiday to Sydney. Would you like to ________ my dog for me while we are away?
A．look at B．search for
C．watch over D．care about
11．The manager of the sales department is kept busy all day.After he has solved one problem，another is sure to________.
A．raise B．rise
C．arise D．replace
12．His daughter has such high________that she entered Beijing University at the age of 15.
A．power B．technology
C．character D．intelligence
13．It was________hot in the room that I didn’t like to stay there.
A．really B．such
C．too D．so
14．Lucy advised him not to buy the knife，but he bought it________.
A．anyhow B．however
C．though D．totally
15．He got seriously ill when he was a baby. Later he couldn’t see anything at all. He was ________blind.
A．nearly B．totally
C．especially D．probably
完形填空
The king’s Elephant-keeper had a Dog，who often went into the house where the king’s Elephant lived.At first the Dog went there to get the__16__that was left after the Elephant had__17__eating.Day after day they became great__18__.The Elephant began to share his food with the Dog，and they__19__and played together.
One day a__20__saw the Dog.He loved the Dog，so he__21__the Dog and took him away from the Elephant-keeper.The Elephant__22__the Dog and did not want to eat.The next__23__，the king knew it.He sent his servant to find out why the Elephant was__24__in that way.
The servant went to__25__the Elephant-keeper，“Why does the Elephant look so__26__？” The keeper answered，“There was a Dog who was the Elephant’s friend but he__27__yesterday.”
“Do you know__28__he is now？” asked the servant.
“No，I do not，” said the keeper.
Then the servant went back to the king and said，“The Elephant is not sick，but he is__29__without his friend，the Dog.A farmer took him away，but nobody knows where the farmer__30__.”
“Well，” said the king，“I’ll send__31__all over the country，asking the farmer to turn him__32__.I’ll give him as much money as he paid for the Dog.”
When the farmer__33__this，he turned him loose.The Dog ran back as__34__as he could.The Elephant was so__35__to see the Dog that he picked him up and put him on his head.
All the rest of their lives the Elephant and the Dog lived together.
16．A.money B．water
C．cloth D．food
17．A.hated B．allowed
C．finished D．forgot
18．A. friends B．heroes
C．soldiers D．workers
19．A.traveled B．ate
C．studied D．tried
20．A.farmer B．keeper
C．servant D．king
21．A.trained B．borrowed
C．bought D．refused
22．A.visited B．met
C．welcomed D．missed
23．A.week B．day
C．hour D．month
24．A.acting B．running
C．sleeping D．drinking
25．A.warn B．recognize
C．ask D．help
26．A.clever B．short
C．busy D．sad
27．A.passed away B．went away
C．turned up D．came back
28．A.where B．who
C．how D．why
29．A.free B．slow
C．lonely D．lovely
30．A.walks B．writes
C．reads D．lives
31．A.wood B．word
C．air D．medicine
32．A.loose B．quick
C．right D．open
33．A.felt B．stopped
C．imagined D．heard
34．A.often B．fast
C．carefully D．quietly
35．A.glad B．sorry
C．safe D．shy
阅读理解
A
A German dog in Alaska has been given a hero’s award for saving his owner’s house from a fire.Buddy guided a team of firefighters through winding roads to the house in an isolated (偏远的) area.
That day，his owner Ben Heinrichs was working on his truck inside his garage when a spark ignited some fuel and caught fire.
Ben managed to run outside，closed the door to stop the fire from spreading and rolled in the snow to put out the flames on his clothes.But he suddenly remembered the dog was still in the workshop and ran back to fetch him.While Buddy escaped uninjured，his owner suffered burns to his face and second-degree burns to his left hand.
The dog ran off after his master said he needed help.On the road he came across the Alaskan firemen who had been called about the fire.But they had got lost and were about to turn down the wrong road.When they caught sight of Buddy who made eye contact with them and raced ahead down the right road，the firemen immediately followed him and he often turned round to make sure they were behind him.The dog’s quick reaction saved the family.
“Buddy recognized how serious the situation was and acted bravely in getting help for his family，” said Officer Holloway at a ceremony to honor the dog.Buddy，whose good deed was shown on a police car’s video，was given a smart dog bowl as a reward，and a big bone.
Ben said that he knew Buddy was clever and added that Buddy was brave too，having twice driven bears away when he was fishing.
36．What does the underlined word “ignited” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．To make a mistake.
B．To make something more serious.
C．To stop something from happening.
D．To cause something to burn.
37．Ben ran back into the garage because________.
A．he wanted to save his whole family
B．he wanted to put out the fire himself
C．he wanted to save his dog Buddy
D．he heard someone calling “help”
38．What can we infer from the passage?
A．The dog has never been so brave before.
B．The dog has saved his owner’s life before.
C．The firemen didn’t believe a dog would know the way.
D．The firemen didn’t know what the dog was trying to tell them at first.
39．What’s the purpose of the ceremony?
A．To honor the dog Buddy.
B．To honor the firemen.
C．To honor Ben.
D．To encourage people to keep dogs.
B
Quite simply，a domestic robot is a machine used for household work.There are only a few limited models so far，but scientists all over the country are expecting a robot revolution within the next couple of decades.In fact，in 2006，America’s richest man Bill Gates wrote an article “A Robot in Every Home”，which discussed the great potential (潜力) for robots in every American home.
There are three types of domestic robots：low-level robots，care robots and the highest level robots.Low-level robots are basic machines designed for fun.There are several domestic robots in the market today，but most of them are not very advanced.However，there are three domestic robots that are useful when it comes to helping you with housework.
PatrolBot
Produced by MobileRobots Inc.，the PatrolBot is a service robot.It can walk around like a security guard (保安)，or go to pre-programmed places using a map，which you can create using its computer system.It can act as a guard with its cameras and detection (侦查) abilities.It can carry up to 15 lbs of weight，which means you can have it carry things from point A to point B.
Roomba
The Roomba is a smart cleaner and is becoming popular in the US.More than 3 million units have been sold since it was introduced in 2002.You can program your Roomba to clean even when you’re out.The robot can also move from one room to another after finishing cleaning one.
Scooba
While the Roomba cleans your floor，the Scooba washes it.Produced by iRobot，the Scooba is another robotic floor washer that uses a special cleaning solution that effectively cleans the floors and prevents rust.It leaves a totally clean and dry floor.
40．What’s the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A．To introduce some robots for home use.
B．To teach us how to buy a cheap robot.
C．To tell us how to operate a robot.
D．To encourage us to buy a robot.
41．We can learn from the passage that________.
A．Bill Gates is against the use of robots
B．people produce low-level robots mainly for fun
C．there are four types of domestic robots now
D．Scooba is produced by MobileRobots Inc.
42．Which robot can help people wash and dry floors?
A．PatrolBot. B．Roomba.
C．Scooba. D．IRobot.
43．Which of the following statements is NOT true about Roomba?
A．It was introduced in 2002.
B．It has not been well-received in the US.
C．It can work when you are not at home.
D．It can move from one room to another.
C
Although mobile phones have brought a lot of convenience (便利) to people，they have also brought troubles.
Besides endless spam text messages (垃圾短信)，another problem seems even more annoying (讨厌的)．That is the so-called “one ring” call. It is a phone call that only rings one time and stops before the receiver is able to pick it up. When the receiver calls back，the other side is usually a recorded advertisement. And by the time people realize that they have been hoaxed，they’ve already paid for the call.
An article in the ChinaYouthDaily says that these terrible calls trouble many mobile users day and night. But up till now，the government hasn’t taken any steps to solve the problem. It seems that if someone chooses to use a cell phone ，he must bear (忍受) the trouble.
The number of mobile phone users in China has risen to more than 570 million. Thanks to news reports，many people have come to understand the harm of the “one ring” call .Some users say they won’t call back if it is an unknown number. But the article points out that this doesn’t mean the related government departments should turn a blind eye to it.
According to an online survey of more than 200,000 Chinese netizens (网民)，nearly 70 percent believed telecommunication (电信) operators make money from these annoying phone calls. The article argues that “one ring” calls not only take away people’s money，but also trouble their lives.
New technology should not do harm to society. Instead，people should enjoy the convenience of information technology. Thus，the article advises that laws should be set up to protect people’s legal rights.
44．The underlined word “hoaxed” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”．
A．selected B．cheated
C．heard D．refused
45．Who helped the mobile users most to realize the harm of the “one ring” call?
A．Netizens. B．News reporters.
C．Government officials. D．Telecommunication operators.
46．It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A．“one ring” calls and spam text messages are from the same people
B．mobile users can’t do anything about the “one ring” call
C．“one ring” calls will be got rid of in the near future
D．telecommunication operators hate “one ring” calls too
47．What’s the main idea of this passage?
A．“One ring” calls do great harm to our society.
B．Mobile phones do people more harm than good.
C．Information technology brings people much trouble.
D．We need better ways to enjoy information technology.
D
Shopping in Thailand is fun for westerners because of the low prices of many goods，but that is only the beginning of the fun .Not only can you expect fairly low prices，but Thailand has a system of bargaining for goods that makes shopping great fun. At any of the markets and street stores，you can expect to pay 10－50% less than the price that is asked，but you have to master bargaining skills.
If the shop has fixed prices，then there is no bargaining. Only bargain at places where there are no posted prices.
You may need to shop around to get an idea of the proper local price for an item before you seriously start to bargain.
Learn some Thai and start the conversation in Thai. This will make you not seem like a tourist and the seller will be less likely to increase the price. Try to learn Thai numbers as well.
Use humor and flattery (奉承)．Thai people love to laugh and they love to be flattered. Making a joke or praising them is an easy way to lower the price of almost any item.
Don’t lose your temper about the bargaining. Thai people do not like conflicts (冲突)．If you lose your temper，you will seem rude and lose face with the Thai. Always be polite and smile when bargaining.
Remember that bargaining for Thai people is both like a game and a way to deal with people. If you can make the bargaining more like a conversation，you’ll do much better and everyone will be happier.
Don’t be afraid to walk away if the price seems too high. Many times this will cause the seller to come after you saying “OK” and agree to your price. On the other hand，don’t back out of a sale after a price has been agreed upon. This is considered quite rude .If you agree to a price，then just buy the item.
48．Which of the following is considered rude in Thailand?
A．Walking away when the price is too high.
B．Flattering the sellers.
C．Losing your temper when bargaining.
D．Considering bargaining as a game.
49．We can learn from the passage that in Thailand，________.
A．one should bargain even if the prices are posted
B．store owners love to laugh and make jokes with customers
C．westerners like shopping there because of high quality
D．store owners seldom ask for too high prices
50．According to the last paragraph，when a price has been agreed upon in Thailand，________.
A．it’s quite OK for the customer to give it up
B．the customer can try to cut the price down again
C．the customer can pretend to walk away to get a lower price
D．the customer had better stick to the deal
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
When I was a kid my parents sent me to a summer camp in New Hampshire.51.________At camp we did tons of great things like swimming，sports，and archery，but for me，the most memorable experience was an overnight trip of mountain climbing .If you’ve ever hiked a mountain，you know it’s a physical challenge，especially when you’re carrying your food and shelter on your back.52.________
“How much farther is it？”
“My pack is too heavy，can you carry it for me？”
The reply of the teachers was，“Suck it up.” The truth is，the complaining campers were nowhere near the point of exhaustion. If they had been，the teachers would have noticed the signs and given them care.53.________Once they realized they weren’t getting any sympathy they overcame the discomfort，and in most cases ended up having a great time.
54．________You can complain，or you can make the best of it .If you complain，you might feel like you’re getting the negative energy out，but you’re probably not going to cause a positive change. It’s much more likely that your complaining will arouse the dislike of those around you.
No one likes a complainer. Complaining makes life harder for everyone.55.________
A．The summer camp was interesting but full of complaint.
B．The kids simply weren’t used to the physical challenge.
C．It’s no use complaining and it can’t bring us what we want.
D．This was a great experience for me.
E．There are two ways to deal with an unpleasant situation.
F．When campers got tired，they certainly started complaining.
G．We should complain less and make more effort.
语法填空
(2018 湖南模拟) Research has become both simpler and more complex. It's simpler because, __1__ you have computer, you can find information you need by searching the Internet. For all your information, you don't have to go to __2__ library to find the relevant (有关的) resource and take notes on it. Instead, you can find some sources from the Internet __3__ print the copies needed. Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you __4__ always rely just on the Internet for your research.
While finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become __5__ complex. There is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed __6__ the amount of information. You need to learn __7__ to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project. Also, __8__ need to check the accuracy of it.
短文改错
（2018江西南昌十校模拟）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Online shopping is increasing popular among people in recent years. Some people liked to buy goods online. And I don’t like it, because online shopping is less reliable than the traditional sale. Firstly, some dishonest merchant offer consumers to false information online. Secondly, consumers can’t feel the items usually present by means of pictures. This means the items delivered may differ from which consumers expect. As a result, they may risk returning the items at our own expense. Thirdly, the items might damaged during deliver.
书面表达
(2018 山东潍坊期末)
假如你可以设计一款你心中理想的机器人，请用英语作如下描述：
1.描述其外观，为其命名；
2.介绍其功能和特点；
3.陈述你的设计理由。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行本连贯。
参考词汇：机器人android
答案解析：
单词拼写
1. disadvantages 2. viruses 3. decision 4. experience 5. argued
单项选择：
1．A 根据really？可知对方表示惊奇，所以选A项，意思是：“何以见得？”
2．C 根据句意可知，Jack和tell之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；又根据but后面的分句可知应用现在完成时，故选C项。
3．B in a way在某种程度上，符合句意。in any way无论如何，不管怎样；in the/sb’s way妨碍；挡……的路。
4．A 根据第一句所说All of us could imagine who would win before the competition ended可知选A项。logical合逻辑的；合情理的。
5．B 本句中with后跟动词 -ing形式作宾语补足语，可排除A项和C项；又根据句意可知选择B项。go by (时间)过去。
6．A 考查短语含义。句意为：韩庚是第一个在韩国成为流行歌手的中国人，因此他被赋予了更多的关注。as a result因此；what’s more而且；after all毕竟；in return作为回报。由句意可知应选A项。
7．D 考查形容词。usual普通的，平常的。具有成为惯例的含义，常用于形容某人；common普通的，平常的。符合全体共有的特点；normal正常的，常态的，正规的；ordinary普通的，平凡的。
8．A 考查动词及其时态。wander about漫步，徘徊。
9．C remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事。句意：我忘了集合时间——你能提醒我一下吗？根据句意，选C。
10．C watch out照料，看管；look at打量；search for寻找；care about关心。根据语境可知此处需填表示照看的选项。
11．C 根据句意，正确，arise表示问题出现。raise为及物动词，意思是“举起，抬起，饲养”；rise上升，上涨；replace代替。
12．D 句意为：他的女儿很聪明，十五岁就进入了北京大学。intelligence智力，聪明。power权力；technology科技，技术；character性格。
13．D so...that...引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”。such修饰名词或名词词组。
14．A 句意为：Lucy建议他不要买那把小刀，但不管怎样他还是买了。anyhow即使如此，不管怎样。however和though不与but连用。totally完全地，整个地，不符合句意。
15．B nearly几乎；totally完全地；especially尤其；特别的；probably可能。根据句意，B为正确答案。
完形填空:
[语篇解读] 一条狗和一头大象建立了一段珍贵的友谊。
16．D 从本空后eating推断：狗吃的是大象剩下的食物(food)。
17．C 由本空前left可知：大象吃完(finished)食物后，会剩下一些。
18．A 下文friend有提示：时间久了，他们就变成了一对好朋友(friends)。
19．B 大象与狗分享自己的食物，所以他们同吃(ate)、同玩耍。
20．A 下文farmer有提示；是一个农夫(farmer)看到了这条狗。
21．C 根据倒数第三段国王说的话I’ll give him...paid for the Dog可知：他买(bought)走了这条可爱的狗。
22．D 由本空后大象不进食的事实推断：大象想念(missed)自己的朋友，心里很难过，所以吃不下饭。
23．B 从下文yesterday得出：第二天(day)，国王就知道了大象的情况。
24．A 于是，国王就派仆人去看看这头大象为什么会有这种行为(acting)。
25．C 所以，仆人就去问(ask)大象驯养员。
26．D 显然，这头大象此时很悲伤(sad)。
27．B 根据上文可知，这条狗昨天走了(went away)。
28．A 仆人在问这条狗的下落(where)。
29．C 由本空后without his friend，the Dog推断：失去了好朋友，大象感到很孤独(lonely)。
30．D 由下文国王寻找农夫的事实可知：没有人知道他居住(lives)在哪里。
31．B 国王要想找到这个农夫，就得在全国下发告示(word)。
32．A 下文loose有提示：要求买了那条狗的农夫把狗给放(loose)了。
33．D 正是因为农夫听到了(heard)这个消息，他才把这条狗给放了。
34．B 与朋友分别了一段时间，这条狗归心似箭，所以就飞快地(fast)向大象那儿跑去。
35．A 大象见了老朋友，自然会非常高兴(glad)。
阅读理解：
[语篇解读] 一条聪明勇敢的德国狗带来了消防员，使主人家的房子得以避免被烧毁。
36．D 词义猜测题。根据后文的some fuel and caught fire可知燃料被点着，起火了，因此可推断ignite意为“点燃”。
37．C 细节理解题。根据第三段的But he suddenly remembered the dog was still in the workshop and ran back to fetch him.可知Ben跑回车库是为了救他的狗。
38．B 推理判断题。根据末段的having twice driven bears away when he was fishing.可知Buddy以前救过它的主人。
39．A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的said Officer Holloway at a ceremony to honor the dog.可知应选A。
[语篇解读] 本文介绍了三款家用机器人。
40．A 作者意图题。阅读全文可知本文主要是介绍三款家用机器人。
41．B 细节理解题。根据第二段的Low-level robots are basic machines designed for fun可知答案。
42．C 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的the Scooba washes it 和It finishes by leaving a totally clean and dry floor可知选C。
43．B 细节理解题。根据第四段的the Roomba is becoming popular in the US可知B项错误。
[语篇解读] 本文论述了“响一声”电话的危害，同时呼吁国家出台法律来保护人们更好地享受信息技术带来的便利。
44．B 词义推测题。根据下文人们付出了无谓的话费可以判断出，人们是“被欺骗了”，因此选择B项。
45．B 细节理解题。根据第四段Thanks to news reports，many people come to understand...可知，新闻工作人员对于让人们意识到“响一声”电话的危害做出了最大的贡献。
46．B 推理判断题。根据第三段结尾It seems that if someone chooses to use a cellphone，he must bear the trouble可知，手机用户只能忍受“响一声”电话的骚扰，对此无能为力。
47．A 主旨大意题。本文主要论述了“响一声”电话的危害。
[语篇解读] 本文教大家在泰国购物时如何进行讨价还价。
48．C 细节理解题。根据第六段的If you lose temper，you will seem rude and lose face with the Thai可知应选C。
49．B 细节理解题。根据第五段的Thai people love to laugh and they love to be flattered. Making a joke or praising them is an easy way to lower the price of almost any item.可知应选B。
50．D 推理判断题。根据末段的This is considered quite rude. If you agree to a price，then just buy the item.可知讨价还价达成价格的一致后，最好还是把东西买了，否则会显得无礼。
51．D 52.F 53.B 54.E 55.G
语法填空
1. if 2. the 3. and 4. shouldn’t 5. more 6. with 7. how 8. you
提示：be overwhelmed with 陷入 relevant 有关的 particular 特别的
accuracy 准确（性）
短文改错
Online shopping is increasing popular among people in recent years. Some people liked to
increasingly like
buy goods online. And I don’t like it, because online shopping is less reliable than the traditional
But
sale. Firstly, some dishonest merchant offer consumers to false information online. Secondly,
merchants
consumers can’t feel the items usually present by means of pictures. This means the items presented (商品是被“呈现”的，用过去分词作定语)
delivered may differ from which consumers expect. As a result, they may risk returning the items
what
at our own expense. Thirdly, the items might ∧damaged during deliver.
their be delivery (投递 n. deliver vt.)
书面表达
I'd like to have an android designed like a real woman with rich facial expressions. I’ll name her Lily.
She can help me clean the house, mop the floors, cook the dinner and deal with telephone calls. Apart from jobs around the house, I hope my android will be programmed to do homework and not make mistakes. Whenever I’m encountering some difficulties, I could turn to her for help. In addition, she needs to have so much knowledge that I could learn from her. In a way, she plays an important role in my daily life.
语言积累
交际用语
做出决定（making decisions ）
I think / don’t think that…我认为/不认为……
I’ve decided that…我已经决定
Let’s make a decision. 我们做个决定
I believe that …我相信……
Let’s decide…让我们决定……
说明理由（Reasoning）
The advantage/disadvantage is …有利的/不利的……
I agree/don’t agree… because…我同意/ 不同意…因为……
Give me your reasons. 给我你的理由
First… Second…首先……其次……
What makes you think so? 为什么这么想？
I think…because (of)…我认为……因为……
As/ Since…, I think…因为……我认为……
范例：
―I think there are several advantages in city life.
―Yes, I believe that’s why most people like to live in the city.
―我认为城市生活有很多有利的地方。
―是的，我相信这就是为什么许多人愿意来大城市生活的原因。
―I think we can work together to create an even better system.
―I agree with you, because unity is power.
― 我想我们一起能够创造一个更好的系统。
―我同意你的观点，因为团结就是力量。
―Do not youthink they are quarrelling with each other?
―What makes you think so?
―你不认为他们互相在吵架吗？
―你为什么这样想？
4．―How do you like the story? Give me your reasons, please.
―First, it is very interesting and second I like the plot.
―喜欢这个故事吗?说说理由。
―首先这个故事非常有趣儿，其次我喜欢里面的情节。
【语言应用】，
话题词句1
Development of the computer
1642: The computer began as a calculating machine.
1822: The analytical machine was made by Charles Babbage.
1936: The computer grew rapidly both in size and brainpower.
1940s: The computer had grown as large as a room.
1960s: The first family of computers was connected to each other.
1970s: Computers were used in offices and homes.
Now: Computers connect people all over the world together.
The newest and smartest development of the computer
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the study of how to make computers do intelligent things that people can do, such as think and make decisions.
1. Do you know any other artificial intelligence figure? What do they do? How do you like them?
2. What work do you expect the artificial intelligence figure do if you are the inventor?
3. What is the final fate of artificial intelligence figure against human beings? Will the former replace the latter?
Movies about Artificial Intelligence
In the year 2035 a techno-phobic（恐惧症的） cop investigates a crime that may have been perpetrated(犯罪) by a robot, which leads to a larger threat to humanity.??
Movies about Artificial Intelligence
Three Laws
A robot may not injure a human being, or through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.
A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.
A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.
In the not-so-far future the polar ice caps have melted and the resulting raise of the ocean waters has drowned all the coastal cities of the world. Withdrawn to the interior of the continents, the human race keeps advancing, reaching to the point of creating realistic robots (called mechas) to serve him. One of the mecha-producing companies builds David, an artificial kid which is the first to have real feelings, especially a never-ending love for his “mother”, Monica. Monica is the woman who adopted him as a substitute(替代) for her real son, stricken by an incurable disease. David is living happily with Monica and her husband, but when their real son returns home after a cure is discovered, his life changes dramatically.
The career of a disillusioned(理想破灭的) producer, who is desperate for a hit, is endangered when his star walks off the film set. Forced to think fast, the producer decides to digitally（电子的） create an actress “Simone” to sub（替代） for the star--the first totally believable synthetic（合成的） actress. The “actress” becomes an overnight sensation（轰动）, with a major singing career as well, and everyone thinks she‘s a real person. However, as Simone’s fame skyrockets（迅速上升）, he cannot bear to admit his fraud（欺骗）to himself or the world.
话题词句2
1. Activities done on the Internet 网上做的事
get entertainment 获取娱乐节目 send email 发电子邮件
get all sorts of information 获取各种信息 book tickets 订票
learn good or bad English 学好的或坏的英语 do net shopping 网上购物
tour the world (virtual tourism) 环游世界（虚拟旅游） virtual school 虚拟学校
2. Attacks on the Internet 网上的袭击
People : terrorists 恐怖分子 criminals 罪犯 hackers 黑客
Results: information disappears 信息消失 cause chaos 引发混乱
make planes and trains crash 使飞机或火车相撞 cause crime 引发犯罪
My computer was attacked by a virus (病毒). Everything seemed to be in chaos (混乱).
3. About Virtual Reality 有关虚拟现实
1) Some people paint a rosy picture of what life would be like if virtual reality were everywhere. In an article in the journal of the Association for Computing Machinery, multimedia (多媒体) expert Ramesh Jain wrote: “You might experience your friend’s wedding in India, seeing1 what is happening, feeling the warm, humid (潮湿的) air of the wedding hall, listening to conversations and the wedding music, and enjoying the taste and aroma (芬芳) of the food being served. You might experience all that and more while sitting at home in Montana on a frigid (寒冷的) January morning.”
注1：seeing, ... listening...等四个动词-ing形式，都表示前面的动词experience 经历/体验的同时做的另外动作，作伴随状语。
2) People also argue about (争论) the possible social effects of having most personal interactions (互动) occur (发生) online, in the virtual or cyberspace world. Supporters of virtual reality and online communities (团体) say that future VR and computer technology could change the nature of communication, bringing people around the world closer together.
3) Too much dependence on this kind of communication, he and others fear, can isolate (隔绝) people from real relationships with family and close friends. The isolation is worst for the small number of people who have apparently become addicted to cyberspace gaming. They spend nearly all their time online, ignoring parents, friends, schoolwork, or jobs. They come to regard the imaginary world of the games as more important and more “real” than the world outside.
4) (2018 安徽模拟) As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remember less? If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory, your brain? Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.
拓展阅读：
机器人是否完全替代人类？
With the development of science, more and more people are confused that whether it is good or bad to make robot. Are robots going to take place of human beings？ Every coin has two sides. Robot can be good to our society and life. At the same time, it also have some bad effect on our life. In my opinion, the advantages of robot are much more than the disadvantage of robots. First, robots make our life more convenient. We can do many thing that we didn't have the ability to do in the past by using robots. That makes our life more effective. Second, robots can be used in industry produce. Factories can reduce the cost of production by using robots. Robots do not need to eat and they will not be ill. That's very good for producing goods. Third, robots can save more people when disaster happens. Because they can't feel pain and they can save more people without feeling tired. ??? In a word, the world is changing. We should also change our thought to accept robots to become part of our life. That can make our life more colorful.
Long-distance signing device, the LongPen
A world-famous Canadian author, Margaret Atwood, has created the world’s first long-distance signing device (装置), the LongPen.
After many tiring book-signing from city to city, Atwood thought there must be a better way to do them. She hired some technical experts and started her own company in 2004. Together they designed the LongPen. Here’s how it works: The author writes a personal message and signature on a computer tablet (手写板) using a special pen. On the receiving end, in another city, a robotic arm fitted with a regular pen signs the book. The author and fan can talk with each other via webcams (网络摄像机) and computer screens.
Work on the LongPen began in Atwood’s basement (地下室). At first, they had no idea it would be as hard as it turned out to be. The device went through several versions, including one that actually had smoke coming out of it. The investing finally completed, test runs were made in Ottawa, and the LongPen was officially launched at the 2006 London Book Fair. From here, Atwood conducted two transatlantic book signings of her latest book for fans in Toronto and New York City.
The LongPen produces a unique signature each time because it copies the movement of the author in real time. It has several other potential applications. It could increase credit card security and allow people to sign contracts from another province. The video exchange between signer and receiver can be recorded on DVD for proof when legal documents are used.
“It’s really fun”, said the owner of a bookstore, who was present for one of the test runs. “Obviously you can’t shake hands with the author， but there are chances for a connection that you don’t get from a regular book signing..
The response to the invention has not been all favorable. Atwood has received criticism from authors who think she is trying to end book tours. But she said, “It will be possible to go to places that you never got sent to before because the publishers couldn’t afford it.”
写作运用
写作指导
如何描写理想中的机器人（Imaginative writing: describing an android）
[写作指导]
描写理想中的机器人属于开放性作文，需要运用想象力对自己心目中的机器人的形态、构造、种类、功能等进行大胆的设想，并进行科学的描述。
这类写作没有固定的结构或格式，给作者留出充分的想象空间来描述想象中的机器人。
这类文章的时态常用一般现在时，语态常用被动语态，可用虚拟语气。
要灵活地采用不同的说明方法。从不同的角度对机器人给我们的生活带来的好处进行描述。为避免单纯描写带来的枯燥性，可以适当运用修辞方法，例如，拟人法，使文章显得有灵气。
常用表达方式：
My ideal robot in the future will be like … and…or perhaps it will help me …
Robots can do some dangerous work.
She doesn’t need holidays, food or rest and she will work almost 24hours a day. She is very patient and never complains…
Robot can be with me whenever I feel lonely.
How wonderful it will be that robots can help us care for children!
[实战演练]
你们班进行了一次关于未来机器人的讨论。作为你们小组的代表，请你以My ideal Robot in the Future 为题写一篇100词左右的短文，向同学们介绍你心目中理想的机器人。
[参考范文]
My Ideal Robot in the Future
My ideal robot in the future is a beautiful little girl. She can help me with my work and give me advice whenever I meet with difficulties. She can remind me of any important things, such as exams and even my birthday. She does most of the housework without rest.
With such a robot, I don’t feel lonely any longer because she can sing and dance to me whenever I need. She can play tennis with me and express her feeling in language and with gestures. She shares my joys and sorrows as well.
Wouldn’t it be interesting to have such a robot in the future?
单元话题作文
Sample 1
请根据下列提示，写一篇有关计算机的短文。
1．计算机是20世纪最伟大的发明，计算机的快速发展极大地改变了人们的生活和工作方式；
2．计算机因其计算速度快、储存信息量大、使用范围广而广泛应用于工业、农业和服务业；
3．计算机在我国学校教育中越来越受到重视，许多学校配备有计算机，并经常举办计算机比赛；
4．学好计算机非常重要。
注意：1.短文须包括所有提示要点；
2．词数：100～120。
参考范文：
The computer is the greatest invention of the 20th century. It has been developing so rapidly that it has greatly changed the way people live and work.
The computer can calculate much faster than human beings and it can store a great deal of information. As a result，it has been used in various fields，such as industry，agriculture，service and so on.
In recent years more and more attention has been paid to the computer in school education in our country .A lot of schools are equipped with computers and computer lessons are given to students. Besides，computer competitions are often held.
As we can see，it is extremely important to learn the computer well.
Sample 2
（2018吉林长春第十一高中期末）
网络购物逐渐成为我们生活的一个部分，请你用英文给China Daily写一封信，谈谈网络购物的利弊以及你的看法。
要点如下：
1.优点（方便、快捷、质优价廉）
2.缺点 (质量无法保证、售后态度不好)
3.你的看法
参考范文：
Dear editor,
With the fast development of e-commerce, online shopping is increasingly becoming an unavoidable part of the young’s life.
The popularity of online shopping definitely has its own reasons. First and foremost, online shopping usually means something you buy both cheap in price and better in quality. Besides, goods you get online come to you fast as well as conveniently, saving your tiredness of shopping and walking. But the other side of the coin is also true. Goods bought online are not as fine as those from the store which you can watch, feel and smell by yourself. Some online shoppers become impatient or even unreasonable after you have paid for the goods.
In my opinion, we should improve our e-commerce laws to regulate the activities of online purchase. Meanwhile, as the online customers, we should be cautious while shopping online.
Best wishes
Yours，
Li Hua
巩固练习
单词拼写
1. There are really some __________ (不利之处) of the Internet. First of all, a great deal of junk information spread through the Internet, which disturbs our life terribly.
2．(2018江苏扬州期末) To protect your computer, you need to be aware of the different ways in which ________ (病毒) can be spread from one computer to another.
3. It took him only 30 seconds to make a _________ (决定) to act. No wonder he didn’t seem to have made any preparations for it.
4. Everyone may __________ (经历) these problems at some time in their lives.
5. The boy ________ (争论) with his teacher about his homework after school, which made him late for the football match.
单项填空
1、—Hey，I think Jenny’s team will lose tonight’s game.
—Oh，really？________
A．What makes you think so?
B．Let’s make a decision.
C．I beg your pardon?
D．That’s my opinion.
2．Jack________many times to take good care of his clothes，but he turns a deaf ear to it.
A．has told B．told
C．has been told D．was being told
3．—I’m sorry for my mistake.
—________，I’m glad you made that mistake，for it will serve as a warning to you.
A．In any way B．In a way
C．In her way D．In the way
4．—All of us could imagine who would win before the competition ended.
—Of course. The result was________.
A．logical B．magical
C．hopeless D．sure
5．With time________，the pollution in this river is getting worse and worse.
A．goes after B．going by
C．passes by D．going ahead
6．Han Geng was the first Chinese that became a pop singer in South Korea.________，he was paid more attention to.
A．As a result B．What’s more
C．After all D．In return
7．Flowers of this kind are so________that they can be seen everywhere.
A．usual B．ordinary
C．normal D．common
8．While he was________about in the street，he happened to meet Lucy.
A．wandering B．wondering
C．wondered D．wandered
9．(2018 北京东城期末) I've forgotten the gathering time—will you remind me____________ it?
A. to B. with C. of D. for
10．We’ll take a holiday to Sydney. Would you like to ________ my dog for me while we are away?
A．look at B．search for
C．watch over D．care about
11．The manager of the sales department is kept busy all day.After he has solved one problem，another is sure to________.
A．raise B．rise
C．arise D．replace
12．His daughter has such high________that she entered Beijing University at the age of 15.
A．power B．technology
C．character D．intelligence
13．It was________hot in the room that I didn’t like to stay there.
A．really B．such
C．too D．so
14．Lucy advised him not to buy the knife，but he bought it________.
A．anyhow B．however
C．though D．totally
15．He got seriously ill when he was a baby. Later he couldn’t see anything at all. He was ________blind.
A．nearly B．totally
C．especially D．probably
完形填空
The king’s Elephant-keeper had a Dog，who often went into the house where the king’s Elephant lived.At first the Dog went there to get the__16__that was left after the Elephant had__17__eating.Day after day they became great__18__.The Elephant began to share his food with the Dog，and they__19__and played together.
One day a__20__saw the Dog.He loved the Dog，so he__21__the Dog and took him away from the Elephant-keeper.The Elephant__22__the Dog and did not want to eat.The next__23__，the king knew it.He sent his servant to find out why the Elephant was__24__in that way.
The servant went to__25__the Elephant-keeper，“Why does the Elephant look so__26__？” The keeper answered，“There was a Dog who was the Elephant’s friend but he__27__yesterday.”
“Do you know__28__he is now？” asked the servant.
“No，I do not，” said the keeper.
Then the servant went back to the king and said，“The Elephant is not sick，but he is__29__without his friend，the Dog.A farmer took him away，but nobody knows where the farmer__30__.”
“Well，” said the king，“I’ll send__31__all over the country，asking the farmer to turn him__32__.I’ll give him as much money as he paid for the Dog.”
When the farmer__33__this，he turned him loose.The Dog ran back as__34__as he could.The Elephant was so__35__to see the Dog that he picked him up and put him on his head.
All the rest of their lives the Elephant and the Dog lived together.
16．A.money B．water
C．cloth D．food
17．A.hated B．allowed
C．finished D．forgot
18．A. friends B．heroes
C．soldiers D．workers
19．A.traveled B．ate
C．studied D．tried
20．A.farmer B．keeper
C．servant D．king
21．A.trained B．borrowed
C．bought D．refused
22．A.visited B．met
C．welcomed D．missed
23．A.week B．day
C．hour D．month
24．A.acting B．running
C．sleeping D．drinking
25．A.warn B．recognize
C．ask D．help
26．A.clever B．short
C．busy D．sad
27．A.passed away B．went away
C．turned up D．came back
28．A.where B．who
C．how D．why
29．A.free B．slow
C．lonely D．lovely
30．A.walks B．writes
C．reads D．lives
31．A.wood B．word
C．air D．medicine
32．A.loose B．quick
C．right D．open
33．A.felt B．stopped
C．imagined D．heard
34．A.often B．fast
C．carefully D．quietly
35．A.glad B．sorry
C．safe D．shy
阅读理解
A
A German dog in Alaska has been given a hero’s award for saving his owner’s house from a fire.Buddy guided a team of firefighters through winding roads to the house in an isolated (偏远的) area.
That day，his owner Ben Heinrichs was working on his truck inside his garage when a spark ignited some fuel and caught fire.
Ben managed to run outside，closed the door to stop the fire from spreading and rolled in the snow to put out the flames on his clothes.But he suddenly remembered the dog was still in the workshop and ran back to fetch him.While Buddy escaped uninjured，his owner suffered burns to his face and second-degree burns to his left hand.
The dog ran off after his master said he needed help.On the road he came across the Alaskan firemen who had been called about the fire.But they had got lost and were about to turn down the wrong road.When they caught sight of Buddy who made eye contact with them and raced ahead down the right road，the firemen immediately followed him and he often turned round to make sure they were behind him.The dog’s quick reaction saved the family.
“Buddy recognized how serious the situation was and acted bravely in getting help for his family，” said Officer Holloway at a ceremony to honor the dog.Buddy，whose good deed was shown on a police car’s video，was given a smart dog bowl as a reward，and a big bone.
Ben said that he knew Buddy was clever and added that Buddy was brave too，having twice driven bears away when he was fishing.
36．What does the underlined word “ignited” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．To make a mistake.
B．To make something more serious.
C．To stop something from happening.
D．To cause something to burn.
37．Ben ran back into the garage because________.
A．he wanted to save his whole family
B．he wanted to put out the fire himself
C．he wanted to save his dog Buddy
D．he heard someone calling “help”
38．What can we infer from the passage?
A．The dog has never been so brave before.
B．The dog has saved his owner’s life before.
C．The firemen didn’t believe a dog would know the way.
D．The firemen didn’t know what the dog was trying to tell them at first.
39．What’s the purpose of the ceremony?
A．To honor the dog Buddy.
B．To honor the firemen.
C．To honor Ben.
D．To encourage people to keep dogs.
B
Quite simply，a domestic robot is a machine used for household work.There are only a few limited models so far，but scientists all over the country are expecting a robot revolution within the next couple of decades.In fact，in 2006，America’s richest man Bill Gates wrote an article “A Robot in Every Home”，which discussed the great potential (潜力) for robots in every American home.
There are three types of domestic robots：low-level robots，care robots and the highest level robots.Low-level robots are basic machines designed for fun.There are several domestic robots in the market today，but most of them are not very advanced.However，there are three domestic robots that are useful when it comes to helping you with housework.
PatrolBot
Produced by MobileRobots Inc.，the PatrolBot is a service robot.It can walk around like a security guard (保安)，or go to pre-programmed places using a map，which you can create using its computer system.It can act as a guard with its cameras and detection (侦查) abilities.It can carry up to 15 lbs of weight，which means you can have it carry things from point A to point B.
Roomba
The Roomba is a smart cleaner and is becoming popular in the US.More than 3 million units have been sold since it was introduced in 2002.You can program your Roomba to clean even when you’re out.The robot can also move from one room to another after finishing cleaning one.
Scooba
While the Roomba cleans your floor，the Scooba washes it.Produced by iRobot，the Scooba is another robotic floor washer that uses a special cleaning solution that effectively cleans the floors and prevents rust.It leaves a totally clean and dry floor.
40．What’s the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A．To introduce some robots for home use.
B．To teach us how to buy a cheap robot.
C．To tell us how to operate a robot.
D．To encourage us to buy a robot.
41．We can learn from the passage that________.
A．Bill Gates is against the use of robots
B．people produce low-level robots mainly for fun
C．there are four types of domestic robots now
D．Scooba is produced by MobileRobots Inc.
42．Which robot can help people wash and dry floors?
A．PatrolBot. B．Roomba.
C．Scooba. D．IRobot.
43．Which of the following statements is NOT true about Roomba?
A．It was introduced in 2002.
B．It has not been well-received in the US.
C．It can work when you are not at home.
D．It can move from one room to another.
C
Although mobile phones have brought a lot of convenience (便利) to people，they have also brought troubles.
Besides endless spam text messages (垃圾短信)，another problem seems even more annoying (讨厌的)．That is the so-called “one ring” call. It is a phone call that only rings one time and stops before the receiver is able to pick it up. When the receiver calls back，the other side is usually a recorded advertisement. And by the time people realize that they have been hoaxed，they’ve already paid for the call.
An article in the ChinaYouthDaily says that these terrible calls trouble many mobile users day and night. But up till now，the government hasn’t taken any steps to solve the problem. It seems that if someone chooses to use a cell phone ，he must bear (忍受) the trouble.
The number of mobile phone users in China has risen to more than 570 million. Thanks to news reports，many people have come to understand the harm of the “one ring” call .Some users say they won’t call back if it is an unknown number. But the article points out that this doesn’t mean the related government departments should turn a blind eye to it.
According to an online survey of more than 200,000 Chinese netizens (网民)，nearly 70 percent believed telecommunication (电信) operators make money from these annoying phone calls. The article argues that “one ring” calls not only take away people’s money，but also trouble their lives.
New technology should not do harm to society. Instead，people should enjoy the convenience of information technology. Thus，the article advises that laws should be set up to protect people’s legal rights.
44．The underlined word “hoaxed” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”．
A．selected B．cheated
C．heard D．refused
45．Who helped the mobile users most to realize the harm of the “one ring” call?
A．Netizens. B．News reporters.
C．Government officials. D．Telecommunication operators.
46．It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A．“one ring” calls and spam text messages are from the same people
B．mobile users can’t do anything about the “one ring” call
C．“one ring” calls will be got rid of in the near future
D．telecommunication operators hate “one ring” calls too
47．What’s the main idea of this passage?
A．“One ring” calls do great harm to our society.
B．Mobile phones do people more harm than good.
C．Information technology brings people much trouble.
D．We need better ways to enjoy information technology.
D
Shopping in Thailand is fun for westerners because of the low prices of many goods，but that is only the beginning of the fun .Not only can you expect fairly low prices，but Thailand has a system of bargaining for goods that makes shopping great fun. At any of the markets and street stores，you can expect to pay 10－50% less than the price that is asked，but you have to master bargaining skills.
If the shop has fixed prices，then there is no bargaining. Only bargain at places where there are no posted prices.
You may need to shop around to get an idea of the proper local price for an item before you seriously start to bargain.
Learn some Thai and start the conversation in Thai. This will make you not seem like a tourist and the seller will be less likely to increase the price. Try to learn Thai numbers as well.
Use humor and flattery (奉承)．Thai people love to laugh and they love to be flattered. Making a joke or praising them is an easy way to lower the price of almost any item.
Don’t lose your temper about the bargaining. Thai people do not like conflicts (冲突)．If you lose your temper，you will seem rude and lose face with the Thai. Always be polite and smile when bargaining.
Remember that bargaining for Thai people is both like a game and a way to deal with people. If you can make the bargaining more like a conversation，you’ll do much better and everyone will be happier.
Don’t be afraid to walk away if the price seems too high. Many times this will cause the seller to come after you saying “OK” and agree to your price. On the other hand，don’t back out of a sale after a price has been agreed upon. This is considered quite rude .If you agree to a price，then just buy the item.
48．Which of the following is considered rude in Thailand?
A．Walking away when the price is too high.
B．Flattering the sellers.
C．Losing your temper when bargaining.
D．Considering bargaining as a game.
49．We can learn from the passage that in Thailand，________.
A．one should bargain even if the prices are posted
B．store owners love to laugh and make jokes with customers
C．westerners like shopping there because of high quality
D．store owners seldom ask for too high prices
50．According to the last paragraph，when a price has been agreed upon in Thailand，________.
A．it’s quite OK for the customer to give it up
B．the customer can try to cut the price down again
C．the customer can pretend to walk away to get a lower price
D．the customer had better stick to the deal
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
When I was a kid my parents sent me to a summer camp in New Hampshire.51.________At camp we did tons of great things like swimming，sports，and archery，but for me，the most memorable experience was an overnight trip of mountain climbing .If you’ve ever hiked a mountain，you know it’s a physical challenge，especially when you’re carrying your food and shelter on your back.52.________
“How much farther is it？”
“My pack is too heavy，can you carry it for me？”
The reply of the teachers was，“Suck it up.” The truth is，the complaining campers were nowhere near the point of exhaustion. If they had been，the teachers would have noticed the signs and given them care.53.________Once they realized they weren’t getting any sympathy they overcame the discomfort，and in most cases ended up having a great time.
54．________You can complain，or you can make the best of it .If you complain，you might feel like you’re getting the negative energy out，but you’re probably not going to cause a positive change. It’s much more likely that your complaining will arouse the dislike of those around you.
No one likes a complainer. Complaining makes life harder for everyone.55.________
A．The summer camp was interesting but full of complaint.
B．The kids simply weren’t used to the physical challenge.
C．It’s no use complaining and it can’t bring us what we want.
D．This was a great experience for me.
E．There are two ways to deal with an unpleasant situation.
F．When campers got tired，they certainly started complaining.
G．We should complain less and make more effort.
语法填空
(2018 湖南模拟) Research has become both simpler and more complex. It's simpler because, __1__ you have computer, you can find information you need by searching the Internet. For all your information, you don't have to go to __2__ library to find the relevant (有关的) resource and take notes on it. Instead, you can find some sources from the Internet __3__ print the copies needed. Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you __4__ always rely just on the Internet for your research.
While finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become __5__ complex. There is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed __6__ the amount of information. You need to learn __7__ to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project. Also, __8__ need to check the accuracy of it.
短文改错
（2018江西南昌十校模拟）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Online shopping is increasing popular among people in recent years. Some people liked to buy goods online. And I don’t like it, because online shopping is less reliable than the traditional sale. Firstly, some dishonest merchant offer consumers to false information online. Secondly, consumers can’t feel the items usually present by means of pictures. This means the items delivered may differ from which consumers expect. As a result, they may risk returning the items at our own expense. Thirdly, the items might damaged during deliver.
书面表达
(2018 山东潍坊期末)
假如你可以设计一款你心中理想的机器人，请用英语作如下描述：
1.描述其外观，为其命名；
2.介绍其功能和特点；
3.陈述你的设计理由。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行本连贯。
参考词汇：机器人android
答案解析：
单词拼写
1. disadvantages 2. viruses 3. decision 4. experience 5. argued
单项选择：
1．A 根据really？可知对方表示惊奇，所以选A项，意思是：“何以见得？”
2．C 根据句意可知，Jack和tell之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；又根据but后面的分句可知应用现在完成时，故选C项。
3．B in a way在某种程度上，符合句意。in any way无论如何，不管怎样；in the/sb’s way妨碍；挡……的路。
4．A 根据第一句所说All of us could imagine who would win before the competition ended可知选A项。logical合逻辑的；合情理的。
5．B 本句中with后跟动词 -ing形式作宾语补足语，可排除A项和C项；又根据句意可知选择B项。go by (时间)过去。
6．A 考查短语含义。句意为：韩庚是第一个在韩国成为流行歌手的中国人，因此他被赋予了更多的关注。as a result因此；what’s more而且；after all毕竟；in return作为回报。由句意可知应选A项。
7．D 考查形容词。usual普通的，平常的。具有成为惯例的含义，常用于形容某人；common普通的，平常的。符合全体共有的特点；normal正常的，常态的，正规的；ordinary普通的，平凡的。
8．A 考查动词及其时态。wander about漫步，徘徊。
9．C remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事。句意：我忘了集合时间——你能提醒我一下吗？根据句意，选C。
10．C watch out照料，看管；look at打量；search for寻找；care about关心。根据语境可知此处需填表示照看的选项。
11．C 根据句意，正确，arise表示问题出现。raise为及物动词，意思是“举起，抬起，饲养”；rise上升，上涨；replace代替。
12．D 句意为：他的女儿很聪明，十五岁就进入了北京大学。intelligence智力，聪明。power权力；technology科技，技术；character性格。
13．D so...that...引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”。such修饰名词或名词词组。
14．A 句意为：Lucy建议他不要买那把小刀，但不管怎样他还是买了。anyhow即使如此，不管怎样。however和though不与but连用。totally完全地，整个地，不符合句意。
15．B nearly几乎；totally完全地；especially尤其；特别的；probably可能。根据句意，B为正确答案。
完形填空:
[语篇解读] 一条狗和一头大象建立了一段珍贵的友谊。
16．D 从本空后eating推断：狗吃的是大象剩下的食物(food)。
17．C 由本空前left可知：大象吃完(finished)食物后，会剩下一些。
18．A 下文friend有提示：时间久了，他们就变成了一对好朋友(friends)。
19．B 大象与狗分享自己的食物，所以他们同吃(ate)、同玩耍。
20．A 下文farmer有提示；是一个农夫(farmer)看到了这条狗。
21．C 根据倒数第三段国王说的话I’ll give him...paid for the Dog可知：他买(bought)走了这条可爱的狗。
22．D 由本空后大象不进食的事实推断：大象想念(missed)自己的朋友，心里很难过，所以吃不下饭。
23．B 从下文yesterday得出：第二天(day)，国王就知道了大象的情况。
24．A 于是，国王就派仆人去看看这头大象为什么会有这种行为(acting)。
25．C 所以，仆人就去问(ask)大象驯养员。
26．D 显然，这头大象此时很悲伤(sad)。
27．B 根据上文可知，这条狗昨天走了(went away)。
28．A 仆人在问这条狗的下落(where)。
29．C 由本空后without his friend，the Dog推断：失去了好朋友，大象感到很孤独(lonely)。
30．D 由下文国王寻找农夫的事实可知：没有人知道他居住(lives)在哪里。
31．B 国王要想找到这个农夫，就得在全国下发告示(word)。
32．A 下文loose有提示：要求买了那条狗的农夫把狗给放(loose)了。
33．D 正是因为农夫听到了(heard)这个消息，他才把这条狗给放了。
34．B 与朋友分别了一段时间，这条狗归心似箭，所以就飞快地(fast)向大象那儿跑去。
35．A 大象见了老朋友，自然会非常高兴(glad)。
阅读理解：
[语篇解读] 一条聪明勇敢的德国狗带来了消防员，使主人家的房子得以避免被烧毁。
36．D 词义猜测题。根据后文的some fuel and caught fire可知燃料被点着，起火了，因此可推断ignite意为“点燃”。
37．C 细节理解题。根据第三段的But he suddenly remembered the dog was still in the workshop and ran back to fetch him.可知Ben跑回车库是为了救他的狗。
38．B 推理判断题。根据末段的having twice driven bears away when he was fishing.可知Buddy以前救过它的主人。
39．A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的said Officer Holloway at a ceremony to honor the dog.可知应选A。
[语篇解读] 本文介绍了三款家用机器人。
40．A 作者意图题。阅读全文可知本文主要是介绍三款家用机器人。
41．B 细节理解题。根据第二段的Low-level robots are basic machines designed for fun可知答案。
42．C 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的the Scooba washes it 和It finishes by leaving a totally clean and dry floor可知选C。
43．B 细节理解题。根据第四段的the Roomba is becoming popular in the US可知B项错误。
[语篇解读] 本文论述了“响一声”电话的危害，同时呼吁国家出台法律来保护人们更好地享受信息技术带来的便利。
44．B 词义推测题。根据下文人们付出了无谓的话费可以判断出，人们是“被欺骗了”，因此选择B项。
45．B 细节理解题。根据第四段Thanks to news reports，many people come to understand...可知，新闻工作人员对于让人们意识到“响一声”电话的危害做出了最大的贡献。
46．B 推理判断题。根据第三段结尾It seems that if someone chooses to use a cellphone，he must bear the trouble可知，手机用户只能忍受“响一声”电话的骚扰，对此无能为力。
47．A 主旨大意题。本文主要论述了“响一声”电话的危害。
[语篇解读] 本文教大家在泰国购物时如何进行讨价还价。
48．C 细节理解题。根据第六段的If you lose temper，you will seem rude and lose face with the Thai可知应选C。
49．B 细节理解题。根据第五段的Thai people love to laugh and they love to be flattered. Making a joke or praising them is an easy way to lower the price of almost any item.可知应选B。
50．D 推理判断题。根据末段的This is considered quite rude. If you agree to a price，then just buy the item.可知讨价还价达成价格的一致后，最好还是把东西买了，否则会显得无礼。
51．D 52.F 53.B 54.E 55.G
语法填空
1. if 2. the 3. and 4. shouldn’t 5. more 6. with 7. how 8. you
提示：be overwhelmed with 陷入 relevant 有关的 particular 特别的
accuracy 准确（性）
短文改错
Online shopping is increasing popular among people in recent years. Some people liked to
increasingly like
buy goods online. And I don’t like it, because online shopping is less reliable than the traditional
But
sale. Firstly, some dishonest merchant offer consumers to false information online. Secondly,
merchants
consumers can’t feel the items usually present by means of pictures. This means the items presented (商品是被“呈现”的，用过去分词作定语)
delivered may differ from which consumers expect. As a result, they may risk returning the items
what
at our own expense. Thirdly, the items might ∧damaged during deliver.
their be delivery (投递 n. deliver vt.)
书面表达
I'd like to have an android designed like a real woman with rich facial expressions. I’ll name her Lily.
She can help me clean the house, mop the floors, cook the dinner and deal with telephone calls. Apart from jobs around the house, I hope my android will be programmed to do homework and not make mistakes. Whenever I’m encountering some difficulties, I could turn to her for help. In addition, she needs to have so much knowledge that I could learn from her. In a way, she plays an important role in my daily life.