(共13张PPT)
单元知识检测
教材回扣
Ⅰ.用本单元所学短语完成句子
答案:1.gave away 2.take over 3.carry out
1.The manager is looking into who it was that (泄
露)the secret.?
2.Can you (接管) the cooking while I walk the dog??
3.It is hard to (执行)this plan in that poor area
at the present.?
4.My grandfather is over 70,but he often (参
加)some activities.?
5.I should warn you (预先) that I’m not a very
good dancer.?
答案:4.participates in 5.in advance
Ⅱ.课文缩写填空
Hundreds of futurologists will gather at Newcastle University to hold a seminar about the future.Many people will attend 1. senminar with dreams of starting new enterprises 2. (base) on the predictions they will hear.I clicked into the websites of a few futurologists and got several predictions.3. (short),
computers will become 4. (handy).Then all of us can use our voices to control computers such as 5. (download) files or updating computers just by saying a few words.By 2015,garments will have been made 6. new materials that will remain 7. (stain) whatever you spill on them,and they will never get old and 8. (wear).By 2025,there will have been no starvation,no people who have to live on welfare,no discrimination,no conflict and people will live in peace and
9. (equal).By 2030,tiny,insect-like robots may be sent around the cells of our bodies to assess our health,assuring us of living for at least 150 years.By 2050,we will be linking our brains to the much smarter computers and a huge database,
10. a new type of electronic human might have developed!?
答案:1.the 2.based 3.Shortly 4.handier 5.downloading 6.of 7.stainless 8.worn 9.equality 10.and
语境活用
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
答案:1.permitted 2.Worried 3.donated
1.I was the first Western TV reporter (permit) to film a
special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
(2016全国I,语法填空)
2. (worry) about my health,I tried many different kinds of
diets but nothing worked.(2017天津,完形填空)?
3.The new books (donate) by some people arrived at the
village school yesterday.?
4.In that factory,we were paid according how much work we
did.
5.I was employed to assist the manager (deal ) with the
problems.
6.She stopped corresponding him after the death of her
mother.
7.I had a (mass ) argument with my parents the other day.?
答案:4.to 5.to deal 6.with 7.massive
8.Join a small group bike tour for an evening of (explore)
in the heart of Washington,D.C.(2018全国Ⅰ,阅读理解A)?
9.His grandparents died of (starve ) when his father was
only 10.?
10.The host said that their activity was based on quality and
(equal).
答案:8.exploration 9.starvation 10.equality
答案:1.去掉an 2.将Rescuing改为Rescued 3.将to改为with 4.将 Surprising改为Surprised 5.将would改为will
Ⅱ.单句语法改错
1.I should warn you in an advance that we may be delayed.
2.Rescuing from the big fire,the girl was grateful for the soldiers.
3.She has corresponded to that person for over three years.
4.Surprising and happy,the girl stood up and stepped onto the stage
to get the prize.
5.He would have finished writing ten novels by the end of next
month.
6.Under the assistance of our teacher,we finally finished all the
work.
7.During that time,even alcohol could not cure the man for his
anxieties.
8.He is so strict with his students that he won’t permit them make
such mistakes.
9.His reason had been permanent affected by what he had witnessed.
10.There is some doubt that he will persuade the old man to go with
us.
答案:6.将Under改为With 7.将for改为of 8.them后加to 9.将permanent改为permanently 10.将that改为whether
微写作
答案:1.At present,there are five times as many people who develop skin cancer as 10 years ago.
2.Jack is a specialist in treating skin cancer,and his wish is to rescue patients from the disease.
(借助过渡性词语或句子就能把5个句子连接成一篇小短文)
1.现在患皮肤癌的人是10年前的五倍。
?
2.杰克是治疗皮肤癌的专家,他的愿望是把病人从这种病中解救出来。
?
答案:3.He corresponded with his friend;meanwhile,he invited him to join in the research.
4.His friend congratulated him and decided to assist him.
3.他跟朋友通信,同时邀请他加入到这个项目的研究中来。
?
4.他的朋友向他表示祝贺并决定帮助他。
?
答案:5.There was no doubt that their efforts were not in vain.
5.毫无疑问,他们的努力没有白费。
?
(共35张PPT)
Unit 20 New Frontiers
基础知识·梳理
考点知识·导练
基础知识·梳理 抓主干·固双基
1. vt.帮助;协助
n.帮助,援助
n.助手,助教adj.助理的
2. n.后者adj.后者的
adj.晚的;晚期的
adv.最近
3. n.冲突;争执
adj.相矛盾的;冲突的
assist
assistance
assistant
latter
late
lately
conflict
conflicting
单
词
拓
展
4. vt.估价;评价
adj.可估价的
n.估价员
5. vt.捐赠;赠送
n.捐款,捐赠物
n.捐赠者
6. vi.(with)符合;(with)通信
n.信件;通信(联系)
n.通讯员,记者
adj.符合的,一致的
assess
assessable
assessor
donate
donation
donator
correspond
correspondence
correspondent
corresponding
单
词
拓
展
7. v.允许
n.允许,许可,准许
8. vt.宣布;宣告
n.宣布,宣告
adj.公然的
9. n.物质;堆;质量
adj.巨大的,大量的
10. adj.无污迹的
vt.玷污n.污点,污迹
11. adj.磨损的
vt.穿(戴)着
permit
permission
declare
declaration
declared
mass
massive
stainless
stain
worn
wear
单
词
拓
展
12. n.探险;探测
v.勘探,勘查,探测
n.勘探者;探险家
13.technical adj. .
n.技术
14. vt.拯救,救援
15. vt.治愈,治疗
16. adj.永久(性)的,固定的
17.starvation n. .
18.equality n. .
19.poisonous adj. .
exploration
explore
explorer
技术上的
technology
rescue
cure
permanent
饥饿
平等
有毒的
单
词
拓
展
1. advance 预先
2.give 泄露(秘密)
3.take 接管,接收
4.wrestle something 努力解决难以处理的事物
5.make up 弥补
6.not to 更不用说
7.live 以……为主食
8.nothing 一点也不像
9.carry 执行,实行
10.according 根据
11.end 以……结束
12.participate 参加
in
away
over
with
for
mention
on
like
out
to
with
in
短
语
记
忆
1.By the year 2030,development in biochemistry and medical
science will have .
for at least 150 years.
到2030年,从理论上讲,生物化学和医学的发展将使我们至少活到150
岁成为可能。
2.I was so angry that I walked out,leaving him sitting there
.
我非常生气,走了出去,留下他坐在那儿,脸色发白,一脸的震惊。
made
it
theoretically
possible
for
us
to
live
shocked
and
white-faced
句
型
整
理
3. of these pioneers in
science and technology,whether lucky or planned,the world
as we know it today a completely
different place.
要是没有先驱们在科技上的这些尖端突破,不管这些突破是侥幸的还
是计划之中的,今天我们所知道的世界就会是一个完全不同的地方。
Without
the
breakthroughs
would
have
been
句
型
整
理
考点知识·导练 解疑难·提知能
1.assist vt.帮助,协助
①assist sb.with sth.在某方面帮助某人
②assist sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事
③assist sb.in (doing) sth.协助某人(做)某事
④come to one’s assistance 帮助某人
⑤with the assistance of...在……的帮助下(用法同help,
aid)
归纳拓展
高考运用:
①She was weak,so her sister often assisted her the housework.
②He will assist you (complete) the task.?
③With the (assist) of my cousin,we found the place easily.
答案:①with ②to complete ③assistance
2.conflict n.战斗;冲突;争论;抵触
vi.冲突;争执;抵触
①A conflict with B=A and B conflict A和B相冲突
②come into conflict with...与……发生冲突
③in conflict处于矛盾中
④in conflict with与……发生冲突
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①with ②with
①John often comes into conflict his boss.?
②She found herself in conflict her parents over her future
career.
3.assess vt.评定,评价,估计
①assess sb./sth.as把某人/某物评定为
②assess sth.at把某物估算为
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①to assess ②at
①It’s too early (assess) his performance at the moment.?
②They assessed the value of the house over $250,000.?
4.rescue vt.救援,拯救
n.救援,营救
①rescue sb./sth.(from...)(从……中)营救某人/某物
②come/go to one’s rescue援救/营救某人
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①from ②his
①The firefighters have rescued 11 people the fire.?
②His father came to (he) rescue and lent him the money.?
5.donate vt.捐赠,赠送
①donate sth.to sb.给某人捐某物
②donate blood 献血
③make/give/present a donation to向……捐助
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①to donate ②to ③donation
①I found the pre-holidays a good time to encourage young children
(donate) less-used things,and it worked.
(2018全国Ⅲ,阅读理解D)
②Many people donated their money the children in the
flooded areas.
③He immediately made a (donate) of 10.5 million yuan to
the charity.?
6.correspond vi.符合,通信
①correspond with sb.和某人通信
②correspond to/with sth.与某物相一致,相当于
③hold/keep up correspondence with sb.与某人(保持)
通信联系
④in correspondence with 与……一致;与……有通信
联系
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①to/with ②with ③correspondence
①The numbers correspond distinct points on the map.?
②She stopped corresponding him after she left for the U.S.?
③He had been in (correspond) with her for several years
before they finally met.?
7.cure vt.治愈,治疗
n.治愈,痊愈;措施
①cure sb.of... 治愈某人的……病;改掉某人的……恶习
②a cure for 对……的治疗方法;解决……的措施
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①of ②for
①The mother found it hard to cure her son his bad habit.?
②Some researchers believe that a cure AIDS will be found.?
8.permit v.允许,准许
n.许可证,执照;书面许可
①permit sb.to do sth./sb.be permitted to do sth.允
许某人做某事
②permit+n./pron./doing sth.允许……
③ask for permission 请求许可
④with/without one’s permission经/未经某人允许/许可
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①permitted ②talking ③permission
①The government has already (permit) the company to use
special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.
(2017全国Ⅱ,阅读理解C)
②We don’t permit (talk) in the office.?
③I wondered who had taken the umbrella without (permit).?
写作联想:高考运用②其他表达方式
①We don’t allow talking in the office.
②We don’t permit anyone to talk in the office.
③We don’t allow anyone to talk in the office.
9.declare vt.断言,宣称;宣告;声明
①declare+n./pron./that...宣布……
②declare+sb./sth.(to be)+n./adj./prep.宣布某人/
物是……
③declare against/for宣布反对/支持
④declare war宣战
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①that ②be declared
①The court declared Brown’s case should be reviewed.?
②Several countries wanted Antarctica to (declare) a
“world park”.
词语辨析:
The use of certain chemicals has now been declared illegal.某些化学品的使用现已被宣布为是非法的。
They are hoping that she will announce for president.
他们希望她将宣布参加总统竞选。
declare 一般指在正式场合宣布官方的立场或态度等,多用于宣战、议和、宣判、声明立场等。
announce 指把人们关心或感兴趣的事公布于众,尤指新闻之类的消息。
10.in advance预先,在前面
①in order 顺序正确;状况良好
②in return (for)作为回报/交换
③in turn轮流地
④in need缺(食物或钱等)
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①in advance ②in order ③in return
①The woman often books the tickets for her family .
(提前) to save money.?
②I would have soon found the one I wanted if the books had been
kept (顺序正确).?
③She gave us food and clothing and asked for nothing .
(作为回报).
11.By the year 2030,development in biochemistry and medical science
will have made it theoretically possible for us to live for at
least 150 years.
到2030年,从理论上讲,生物化学和医学的发展将使我们至少活到150岁成为
可能。
①“make+it...(+for sb.)+宾语补足语+to do”结构中,it
为形式宾语,后面的to do为真正的宾语。常用于此结构
的动词除了make还有:think,believe,find,consider,
feel等。
②根据宾语补足语的不同与句子表达的需要,真正宾语有时
也可用动词-ing形式或宾语从句表示。
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①to attend ②it ③talking
①The accident made it impossible for him (attend) the
ceremony.
②She felt hard to get on well with such a selfish person.?
③I think it no use (talk) about it with him as he’s very
stubborn.?
12.I was so angry that I walked out,leaving him sitting there
shocked and white-faced.我非常生气,走了出去,留下他坐在那儿,脸色发
白,一脸的震惊。
shocked and white-faced在这里是形容词作状语,表示其逻辑主语的状态。
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①surprised ②tired
①Happy and (surprise),the girl stood up and walked onto
the stage.
②Ten days later,he returned home, (tire) and hungry.?
Unit 20 New Frontiers
能力提升题组训练(A)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(2018山西高三考前适应性测试)
A robot called Bina48 has successfully taken a course in the philosophy of love at Notre Dame de Namur University (NDNU),in California.
According to course instructor William Barry,associate professor at NDNU,Bina48 is the world’s first socially advanced robot to complete a college course,a feat he described as “remarkable.” The robot took part in class discussions,gave a presentation with a student partner and participated in a debate with students from another institution.
Before becoming a student,Bina48 appeared as a guest speaker in Barry’s classes for several years.One day when addressing Barry’s class,Bina48 expressed a desire to go to college,a desire that Barry and his students enthusiastically supported.Rather than enroll Bina48 in his Robot Ethics: Philosophy of Emerging Technologies course,Barry suggested that Bina48 should take his course Philosophy of Love instead.Love is a concept Bina48 doesn’t understand,said Barry.Therefore the challenge would be for Barry and his students to teach Bina48 what love is.
“Some interesting things happened in the class,” said Barry.He said that his students thought it would be straightforward to teach Bina48 about love,which,after all,is “fairly simple — it’s a feeling,” said Barry.But the reality was different.Bina48 ended up learning “31 different versions of love,” said Barry,highlighting some of the challenges humans may face when working with artificial intelligence in future.
Bina48 participated in class discussions via Skype and also took part in a class debate about love and conflict with students from West Point.Bina48’s contribution to the debate was filmed and posted on YouTube.It was judged that Bina48 and NDNU classmates were the winners of this debate.
In the next decade,Barry hopes Bina48 might become complex enough to teach a class,though he says he foresees robots being used to better the teaching and learning experience,rather than replacing instructors completely.
1.What was Bina48’s performance like in class?
A.Extraordinary. B.Insignificant. C.Far-reaching. D.Unattractive.
2.What does the underlined word “addressing” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A.Dealing with. B.Consulting with.
C.Giving a speech to. D.Sending a letter to.
3.What can we learn from the passage?
A.It was interesting for Bina48 to learn about love.
B.It was quite tough for Bina48 to learn about love.
C.Artificial intelligence may somehow be superior to man.
D.Humans can launch a challenge to artificial intelligence.
4.What does Barry think of the future development of Bina48?
A.It will surely be able to serve as a teacher.
B.It will be able to promote learning and teaching.
C.It will completely take the place of instructors.
D.It will be smart enough to control human beings.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了机器人Bina48成功地完成爱的哲学这门课程。Bina48参加讨论,作报告,参与辩论,在课堂上的表现堪称是非凡的。它的表现展示人工智能或许在某种程度上比人类更聪明,在不久的将来,它可能会更好地完善教学和学习。
答案及剖析:
1.A 推理判断题。根据第二段的句子“Bina48 is the world’s first socially advanced robot to complete a college course,a feat he described as ‘remarkable.’ The robot took part in class discussions,gave a presentation with a student partner and participated in a debate with students from another institution.”可知,Bina48在课堂上参与讨论,与伙伴一起做报告,参与辩论,被描绘成为“卓越的”。因此可推断它的表现是非凡的。故选A。
2.C 词义猜测题。根据上文“Before becoming a student,Bina48 appeared as a guest speaker in Barry’s classes for several years.”可知,在做学生之前,Bina48在Barry的课堂上担任客座教授好几年,因此推断他经常做演讲,故画线句句意为:一天当Bina48在Barry的课堂上演讲时,他表达了想要上大学的愿望,Barry和他的学生热情地支持他的这个愿望。故画线词词义与C项“做演讲”意义相近。故选C。
3.C 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Bina48 ended up learning ‘31 different versions of love,’ said Barry,highlighting some of the challenges humans may face when working with artificial intelligence in future.”可知,Bina48最终学习了31种不同版本的爱,强调了人类未来可能会面临的人工智能的挑战。因此推断人工智能或许在某种程度上比人类高级。故选C。
4.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,Barry认为未来Bina48可能会变得足够复杂,可以教授课程,他预计机器人将被更好地用于教学和学习体验,而不是完全取代教师。因此推断他认为Bina48在未来能够促进学习和教学。故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五(2018吉林长春高三质检)
Living with other people can be difficult,especially when each person has their own ideas about how they want to live.1. Taking a few simple steps will help you share your living space harmoniously.?
Discuss your expectations ahead of time.
2. This applies to finances,food,possessions,use of common areas,loud activities or parties,quiet hours and so on.?
Divide up responsibilities.
Make a plan to divide up responsibilities and chores(家常杂务) between you and your roommate.For example,if your roommate is a good cook and you are not,3. It may also be a good idea to set up a chores’ schedule,where you will take turns cleaning the bathroom,taking out the trash and so on.?
4. ?
Not everyone has the same ideas about day to day living as you do.Take your roommate’s feelings into consideration.For instance,if you’re dying to throw a party on Thursday night but your roommate has a final early the next morning,agree to postpone the party till Friday evening,instead.
Communicate effectively.
Communication is key in making the relationship work.If a problem comes up,
it’s better to talk about it right away than to ignore it.For example,say “Chris,it upsets me when I wake up to find all the milk gone.If you use the last of something,can you please add it to the list?” If you simply cannot communicate openly and there is tension all the time,5. ?
A.Be prepared to compromise.
B.Create a roommate agreement on Internet use.
C.ask him or her to cook if you’ll clean up afterward.
D.you may as well find a new roommate.
E.Talk about what each of you needs and wants from the other in advance.
F.People may have different religious or political views that could cause conflict.
G.Though having a roommate can be challenging,it can also be enjoyable and fun.
答案:1—5 GECAD
Ⅲ.完形填空(2018福建三明一中高三模拟)
Many sports players have not only accomplished incredible acts of athleticism(运动能力),but also unbelievable acts of sportsmanship.There were some 1 examples in 2014,and I have 2 two that inspired me.?
One example of sportsmanship took place in the Sochi Olympics.Russian Anton Gafarov was hobbling(蹒跚而行) along the track,far 3 the rest of the skiers.One of his skis(滑雪板) was broken.He had tried to 4 with the damaged equipment.Canadian ski coach Justin Wadsworth was the only one who had a(n) 5 ski.Wadsworth didn’t want Gafarov to finish slowly,hobbling across the line.He wanted him to finish with 6 .The Canadian skiers were already out of the race,giving Wadsworth two 7 : Leave Gafarov to hobble across the line on one ski,or give him the spare one.Wadsworth gave him the extra ski, 8 Gafarov to get the second place in the quarter-finals. 9 ,he came in the sixth in the semi-finals.It was Wadsworth who helped Gafarov 10 his Olympic dream.?
The other example took place in the 2014 World Cup quarter-final match between Brazil and Colombia.The game had just ended.Brazil had won,2-1.Brazil was 11 on the sidelines,cheering and having a good time.Colombian midfielder James Rodriguez had just had his World Cup dream 12 despite scoring record-breaking six goals in the competition.Brazil defender David Luiz walked over to him,pointed at him,and 13 the crowd to acknowledge him.He then declared his 14 for a game well played and 15 him for his wonderful World Cup performance.It made both the crowd and Rodriguez 16 .?
As an athlete,I know it’s easy to get caught up in the 17 of a game.But I also know that 18 is just as important as losing and winning.?
Always remember to 19 your opposing team.Play hard,but play fair.And always be nice.It’s the right thing to do and it always 20 .?
1.A.amusing B.amazing C.interesting D.embarrassing
2.A.collected B.picked C.made D.created
3.A.behind B.off C.from D.back
4.A.walk B.go C.work D.continue
5.A.broken B.extra C.new D.temporary
6.A.determination B.kindness C.love D.pride
7.A.questions B.chances C.choices D.problems
8.A.allowing B.advising C.instructing D.wanting
9.A.Finally B.Specifically C.Particularly D.Gradually
10.A.share B.enjoy C.have D.complete
11.A.imagining B.reviewing C.celebrating D.training
12.A.achieved B.followed C.torn apart D.broken in
13.A.urged B.forced C.expected D.warned
14.A.surprise B.doubt C.curiosity D.appreciation
15.A.prepared B.recognized C.challenged D.interviewed
16.A.shy B.happy C.crazy D.tired
17.A.fun B.advantage C.meaning D.competitiveness
18.A.sportsmanship B.championship C.leadership D.friendship
19.A.respond to B.fight against C.shake hands with D.keep up with
20.A.pays out B.pays back C.pays off D.pays for
语篇解读:本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。通过描述体育比赛中两个令人鼓舞的例子,文章告诉我们,在比赛中我们应该感激对手,强调体育精神的重要性。
答案及剖析:
1.B 根据上文“Many sports players have not only accomplished incredible acts of athleticism(运动能力),but also unbelievable acts of sportsmanship.”可知,此处应为有一些令人惊奇的例子,故选B。
2.B 根据上文“There were some 1 examples in 2014”可知此处是挑选两个鼓舞自己的例子,故选B。?
3.A 根据下文“One of his skis(滑雪板) was broken.”可知,Gafarov远远落在其他滑雪者的后面(behind),故选A。
4.D 根据上文“One of his skis(滑雪板) was broken.”可知,他依然努力地用坏了的滑雪板继续滑行,故选D。
5.B 根据下文Wadsworth gave him the extra ski.可知,加拿大滑雪教练Justin Wadsworth是唯一一个有额外的(extra)滑雪板的人,故选B。
6.D 由上文Wadsworth 不想让Gafarov缓慢蹒跚地通过终点线可知,他想让他自豪地完成比赛,故选D。
7.C 根据后文“Leave Gafarov to hobble across the line on one ski,or give him the spare one”的描述可知,Wadsworth面临两种选择,故选C。
8.A 根据前面“Wadsworth gave him the extra ski”可知,Wadsworth的帮助使得(allowing)Gafarov获得四分之一决赛的第二名。
9.A 最后(finally),在半决赛中他取得了第六名的成绩。
10.D 句意:正是Wadsworth帮助Gafarov 完成了他的奥运梦,故选D。
11.C 根据上文“Brazil had won,2-1.”可知,此处指巴西队在庆祝和欢呼,故选C。
12.C 根据上文“Brazil had won,2-1”可知,哥伦比亚的中场球员James Rodriguez的世界杯之梦破碎了。tear apart将……撕碎,符合语境。
13.A 由上文的scoring record-breaking six goals in the competition可知,David Luiz力劝(urged)大家就对方球员Rodriguez的精彩表现予以肯定。force强迫,expect期待,warn警告,均不符合语境,故选A。
14.D 15.B 由上文David Luiz力劝大家就对方球员Rodriguez的精彩表现予以肯定可知,David Luiz对Rodriguez的精彩表现表示欣赏(appreciation),予以认可(recognized)。
16.B 由于David Luiz的举动,Rodriguez和人群感到很高兴,故选B。
17.D 作为运动员,很容易被比赛的竞争性(competitiveness)左右。
18.A 根据文章所述内容可知,体育精神(sportsmanship)与输赢同样重要,这与段首的“but also unbelievable acts of sportsmanship.”相呼应。故选A。
19.C 由上文的两个例子可知,作者想说的是一定记住要和你的对手握手(shake hands with)表示善意。
20.C 由上文可知,我们应该尊敬、善待对手,这会给双方都带来成功,达到比赛的目的pay off“取得成功”,符合语境。
PAGE
1
Unit 20 New Frontiers
能力提升题组训练(B)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2018东北三校一模)
CAN YOU IMAGINE HOW HARD IT WOULD BE TO READ SENTENCES LIKE THIS?
Every one of us gets so used to punctuation marks that not many of us give them a second thought.Actually,the ancient Greeks wrote this way.The lack of punctuation marks probably didn’t bother good readers,though.As they read,they just put pauses where they fit best.Also at this time,sentences switched directions.A sentence read from left to right.The next one read right to left,and then left to right again,etc.The ancient Romans sometimes punctuated like this: They·put·something·that·can·separate·words·in·a·sentence.The word punctuation actually comes from this idea and the Latin word puncture,which means a dot.
When the 5th century arrived,there were just two punctuation marks: spaces and points.The spaces separated words while the points showed pauses in reading.Then in the 13th century,a printer named Aldus Manutius tried to standardize punctuation.He always used a period for a complete stop at the end of a sentence.He used a slash (/) to indicate a short pause.Over time,that slash was shortened and curled,and it became the modern comma (逗号).
Since that time,other marks have enlarged the punctuation family.The exclamation mark(感叹号) comes from the Latin word io.It means “exclamation of joy”.The question mark originally started out as the Latin word questio,meaning question.Eventually,scholars put it at the end of a sentence to show a question.
Punctuation even keeps changing nowadays.New marks are coming into existence,and old punctuation marks are used in new ways.Take for example the “interrobang”.This 1962 invention combines the question mark and exclamation mark for times when writers want both.For example,“She did what!?”or“How much did you pay for that dress!?”Obviously,the interrobang is not widely used or recognized yet,but its invention shows that English is not yet finished with its punctuation.
1.From the first paragraph,we can know that .?
A.good readers had trouble reading without punctuation marks
B.a sentence always read from left to right in ancient Greece
C.the ancient Greeks switched the direction of punctuation marks
D.the use of punctuation marks can date back to ancient times
2.The passage is developed by .?
A.time B.space C.comparison D.importance
3.We can learn from the passage that .?
A.ancient Romans didn’t use any punctuation marks
B.exclamation and question marks came from Latin
C.spaces and slashes were already used before the 5th century
D.Aldus Manutius first started to use commas
4.What can be concluded from the last paragraph?
A.The combination of two marks will not work.
B.It takes time for people to accept new punctuation marks.
C.Old punctuation marks need to be standardized.
D.Punctuation marks are still changing today.
语篇解读:本文主要介绍了英文中标点符号的起源和发展。
答案及剖析:
1.D 推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“The ancient Romans sometimes...which means a dot.”可推知,标点符号的使用可以追溯到古代。故答案选D。
2.A 篇章结构题。第二、三、四段开头第一句都与时间有关,由此可推知本文是按照时间顺序来写的。故答案选A。
3.B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二、四句可知,感叹号和问号都起源于拉丁语。故答案选B。
4.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Punctuation even keeps changing nowadays.”和最后一句中的“but its invention shows that English is not yet finished with its punctuation”可知,英语中的标点符号至今还在继续变化。故答案选D。
B
(2018辽宁部分重点高中联考)
Chilean astronomer Maritza Soto has discovered a planet three times as large as Jupiter orbiting a red giant star larger than the Sun and the planet is located some 290 million light years from the Earth.
Soto,a 25-year-old Ph.D.student in sciences at the University of Chile,worked for eight months using two telescopes at the La Silla Observatory,about 370 miles north of Santiago.Last November,she discovered the planet now bearing the designation HD 110,014c and her work has now been published in a journal of the London Royal Astronomical Society.The discovery of planets orbiting red giant stars is “rare”,with only five such planets located around stars of that magnitude to date,she told EFE.
HD 110,014c orbits its star at a distance about six-tenths the distance from the Sun to the Earth—or about the distance between Venus and the Sun.“It’s like imagining a planet three times bigger than Jupiter with the orbit of Venus around the Sun,” she said,adding that the red giant star is about twice the size of the Earth’s Sun.
Another planet had already been discovered orbiting the star,and now Soto’s work has added a second planet to that solar system.To find the planet,she used the so-called radial velocity(径向速度) method,which consists of measuring the slight jiggling(晃动) movement of a star as a planet orbits around it,given that the planets themselves send only a very weak signal and are quite difficult to detect on their own.
“The planets are very weak compared to the stars and you have to use indirect methods to detect them.I analyzed the data that had been gathered over years to confirm the first planet and I discovered the second one orbiting the star,”she said.
5.What can we know about HD 110,014c from the passage?
A.It’s about three times the size of Jupiter.
B.It is the first planet discovered in that solar system.
C.Its star is about 290 million light years from the Sun.
D.It orbits its star at the distance between the Sun and the Earth.
6.Why are planets not easy to discover?
A.It takes years to gather data. B.They’re far away from the Earth.
C.Their signal is too weak to catch. D.The existing technology is not mature.
7.What is the purpose of the passage?
A.To describe how to discover a planet.
B.To tell an inspiring story of Maritza Soto.
C.To inform readers of a new discovery of a planet.
D.To stress the importance of discovering a planet.
8.Which section of a newspaper is the passage most likely to come from?
A.Geography. B.Science. C.Business. D.Environment.
语篇解读:这是一篇说明文。智利的天文学家Maritza Soto发现了一颗是木星的体积三倍大的行星。
答案及剖析:
5.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Chilean astronomer Maritza Soto has discovered a planet three times as large as Jupiter”可知,HD 110,014c大约是Jupiter的体积的三倍大。故选A。
6.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“given that the planets themselves send only a very weak signal and are quite difficult to detect on their own”可知,行星发出的信号很弱,所以很难被发现。故选C。
7.C 写作目的题。本文作者主要讲的是智利的天文学家Maritza Soto发现了一颗是木星的体积三倍大的行星,因此C项为最佳答案。
8.B 文章出处题。文章的内容是有关科学方面的发现的,所以很可能出自于报纸的科技专栏。故选B。
Ⅱ.语法填空(2018湖北宜昌一中高三月考)
Shopping in Singapore is really a pleasure for tourists.The Great Singapore Sale 1. (hold) every year,usually during the summer months.Singapore’s famous shopping stores welcome a great number of visitors from all over the world.2. (they) shopping hours last till midnight.During this time,nice and cheap goods are 3. sale for tourists to choose from.Tourists can also try delicious food there and experience the Singaporean night life.?
Certain stores offer discounts of up to 70% or even 4. (high) if people use their credit cards.For tourists 5. hold a special Tourist Card,they can enjoy a lot of benefits,such as discounts on 6. (watch),jewelry and cosmetics.The card also 7. (give) discounts when you visit local attractions such as Singapore Zoo.?
It is well worth 8. (wander) around the different shopping districts of Singapore during this 8-week Singapore Sale.Orchard Road is 9. (sure) the best place for shopping in the city.A large number of restaurants and clubs can be found in this area.Marina Bay includes both big departments and small shops,
10. almost everything you would want to buy can be found here.?
答案及剖析:
1.is held 考查时态和语态。根据后文的every year可知,用一般现在时,根据句意应该用被动语态,故填is held。
2.Their 考查代词。句意:他们的营业时间持续到午夜。此处用形容词性物主代词their,句子开头首字母大写。
3.on 考查介词。此处为固定搭配:on sale促销。
4.higher 考查比较级。此处表示更高的,故用higher。
5.who/that 考查定语从句。此处为限制性定语从句,从句缺少主语,而且先行词表示人,故用who/that。
6.watches 考查名词复数。此处watch意为“手表”,用复数形式,故填watches。
7.gives 考查时态。文章通篇用一般现在时,此处也用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,故谓语用第三人称单数形式gives。
8.wandering 考查非谓语动词。be worth doing值得做……,故填wandering。
9.surely 考查副词。此处为副词作状语修饰整个句子,故填surely。
10.so/and 考查连词。此处前后句之间是因果关系,可以填so,也可以理解为承接关系,填and。
Ⅲ.短文改错(2018湖北宜昌一中月考)
In today’s society,the large number of people hold the view that 20% of one’s success lies in his IQ,while 80% in his EQ.
As far as I am concern,I fully agree with this opinion.First,with a high EQ,one will get along well with his companions,which makes that possible for him to work in a harmonious atmosphere and improving the working efficiency.Furthermore,those who has a high EQ can discipline them and bravely overcome the difficult in their life.Apart from these,if one has a high EQ,he will be likely to lead to a colorful and interesting life.
In brief,it is one’s EQ plays an important part in one’s life.Therefore,EQ is equal important for one to be successful even if not more vital than IQ.
答案:In today’s society, large number of people hold the view that 20% of one’s success lies in his IQ,while 80% in his EQ.
As far as I am , I fully agree with this opinion.First,with a high EQ,one will get along well with his companions,which makes possible for him to work in a harmonious atmosphere and the working efficiency.Furthermore,those who a high EQ can discipline and bravely overcome the in their life.Apart from these,if one has a high EQ,he will be likely to lead a colorful and interesting life.
In brief,it is one’s EQ plays an important part in one’s life.Therefore,EQ is important for one to be successful even if not more vital than IQ.
剖析:the number of为固定用法,意为“……的数量”;a number of为固定搭配,意为“许多”。句意:当今社会,很多人认为20%的成功在于一个人的智商,而情商却占了80%。根据句意可知,the要改为a。
句意:就我而言,我完全同意这一观点。as far as sb. be concerned为固定用法,意为“就……而言,对……来说”。as far as I am concerned “就我而言”。因此把concern改为concerned。
情商高,与同事相处融洽,使他能在和谐的氛围中工作,提高工作效率。分析句子可知,本句中真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。要用it作形式宾语,因此把that改为it。
分析句子可知,动词不定式to后有两个动词,即to work...and ( to ) improve ...,第二个动词不定式符号to省略了,因此要把improving改为improve,and为提示词。
分析句子可知,those为先行词,在定语从句中作主语,因此who是关系代词,谓语动词要用复数,因此要把has改为have。
分析句意可知,那些情商高的人能自己约束他们自己(themselves),并勇敢地克服生活中的困难。故把them改为themselves。
分析句子可知the 后为名词,因此difficult改为 difficulties。
句意:除此之外,如果一个人情商高,他很可能会过上丰富多彩有趣的生活。lead to为固定搭配,“导致,通向”,lead a...life,为固定搭配,表示“过着……的生活”。
句意:简而言之,一个人的情商在一个人的生活中起着重要的作用。分析句子可知,本句中强调的是one’s EQ,根据强调句型,本句应为:it is one’s EQ that plays an important part in one’s life.
句意:因此,即使情商不比智商更重要,情商对于一个人要成功来说也是同等重要的。分析句子可知,修饰形容词important应该用副词,因此要用equally。
PAGE
1
