(共13张PPT)
单元知识检测
教材回扣
Ⅰ.用本单元所学短语完成句子
答案:1.on purpose 2.Keep in mind 3.stood out
1.They think the fire was started (故意地).?
2. (牢记) that I am always on your side.?
3.The young girl in red (显眼)among the young
people.?
4.Wherever you work,you must (遵守)the rules there.
5. (另一方面),I don’t like
working with such a person.?
答案:4.keep to 5.On the other hand.
Ⅱ.课文缩写填空
It was predicted in the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few 1. (decade).However,
learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the 2. (absent) of a native language environment.Some respected theories on language 3. (acquire) believe that to learn a foreign language,you need to 4. (surround) by some native speakers.Sadly,most of the English learners can not live in the native country,5. means we can only depend on our school resources.So teachers have to guarantee 6. adequate amount of input in English,which can be conveyed to the students through 7. (vary) mediums.Experts say that just 15 minutes of extra-curricula study a day can really accelerate foreign language learning.Here
8. (be) some suggestions to English learners: listening to an English song several times in one week after reading the words.Try 9. (adjust) the language to English in parts you know well while watching a favorite DVD.Studying with friends.Rewarding yourself including informing a friend 10. your targets so they can help motivate you as well.?
答案:1.decades 2.absence 3.acquisition 4.be surrounded 5.which 6.an 7.various 8.are 9.to adjust 10.of
语境活用
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
答案:1.what 2.surrounded 3.punctually
1.I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home
to see news the night might bring.(2017全国Ⅰ,阅读理解B)?
2.Now we live in a world (surround) by the “can’t do”
attitudes.(2018天津卷)?
3.The host said that the meeting would begin (punctual) at
eight.
4.It is impossible to say with any (accurate) how many
people are affected.?
5.It is hard for him to decide to go or stay.?
6.We’ll buy everything you produce, (provide) that the
price is right.?
7.The boy is so clever that he is quick to catch to things.
答案:4.accuracy 5.whether 6.provided/providing 7.on
8.He felt (embarrass) at being the centre of attention.?
9.The terms of the wage settlement are still under (negotiate)
at the present.?
10.All the necessary steps had been taken (ensure) their
safety.?
答案:8.embarrassed 9.negotiation 10.to ensure
答案:1.将informed改为informing 2.将applicant改为applicants 3.approve后加of 4.将embarrassing改为embarrassed
Ⅱ.单句语法改错
1.Dennis got a group text informed him that a couple he didn’t
know were at the hospital.(2018全国Ⅲ,完形填空)
2.As the wages are low,there are few applicant waiting for the
interview.
3.The man didn’t approve her daughter marrying the young man.
4.What he said at the meeting really made the audience embarrassing.
5.If you go to help her or stay at home,I won’t mind.
6.My watch is still under the guarantee,so they’ll repair it for free.
7.The old man has adjusted himself to live in this big city since he came
here.
8.It was predicting that Qiantang River would soar at the same time this
year.
9.There was a fire in the building,but thankful no one was hurt.
10.Provide that the price is reasonable,I will buy the second-hand car.
答案:5.将If改为Whether 6.去掉the 7.将live改为living 8.将predicting改为predicted 9.将thankful改为thankfully 10.将Provide改为Provided/Providing
微写作
答案:1.It is of great importance for us to speak fluent English in today’s world.
2.To acquire a foreign language,I think,first of all,it is essential to enlarge our vocabulary as many words as possible.
(借助过渡性词语或句子就能把5个句子连接成一篇小短文)
1.在当今社会,说流利的英语对我们非常重要。
?
2.要掌握一门外语,首先我认为尽可能多地扩大词汇量是必不可少的。
?
答案:3.Secondly,we should try to be surrounded by those native speakers.
4.We couldn’t rely on our mother tongue too much.
3.其次,我们应该尽量置身于母语使用者的包围之中。
?
4.我们不能太依赖母语。
?
答案:5.As long as we keep practicing English,we will stand out sooner or later.
5.只要我们坚持练习英语,我们迟早会脱颖而出的。
?
(共39张PPT)
选修7
Unit 19 Language
基础知识·梳理
考点知识·导练
基础知识·梳理 抓主干·固双基
1. n.缺席;缺乏
adj.缺席的,心不在焉的
2. vt.达到,获得
adj.可得到的
3. vt.确保,保证
adj.& adv.确信的;一定的;确实;当然
adv.确实;一定
4. vt.保证
n.[律]保证;保证书
absence
absent
attain
attainable
ensure
sure
surely
guarantee
guaranty
单
词
拓
展
5. vt.调节;调整
adj.可调节的
adj.调整过的
n.调停者,调节器
n.调整,调节
6. vt.告知,通知
n.信息,消息
n.告发者,告密者
7. vt.(on,upon)祝贺,向……道喜
n.[pl.]贺词;祝贺,恭喜
adjust
adjustable
adjusted
adjuster
adjustment
inform
information
informer
congratulate
congratulations
单
词
拓
展
8. vt.像;与……相似
n.相似,形似
9. vt.洽谈,协商;谈判
adj.可商量的
n.协商
10. n.赞成,赞许;批准
vt.赞成;批准,认可
vi.(of)赞成
adj.经核准的,被认可的
resemble
resemblance
negotiate
negotiable
negotiation
approval
approve
approved
单
词
拓
展
11. vt.使窘迫,使尴尬
n.窘迫;困惑;为难
adj.窘迫的,尴尬的
adj.使人尴尬的,令人为难的
12. vt.包围;环绕,围绕
adj.(后面与by,with连用)
被……环绕着的
13. n.申请人
n.申请(表,书);应用;敷用
vi.申请,适用vt.使用;敷
14. n.能力,胜任,称职
adj.有能力的,能胜任的
embarrass
embarrassment
embarrassed
embarrassing
surround
surrounded
applicant
application
apply
competence
competent
单
词
拓
展
15. n.指南,人名地址录,(电话)号码簿
n.方向;[pl.]说明书;指引
adv.直接地,立即,马上
n.指导者;董事;导演
vt.对准;指导
adj.& adv.直接的(地)
16. adj.充分的,足够的
17.accelerate vi.& vt. .
18.unconscious adj. .
19.punctual adj. .
20.ambiguous adj. .
directory
direction(s)
directly
director
direct
adequate
加速
无意的;不知不觉的
守时的,准时的
模棱两可的
单
词
拓
展
1.catch 学会,理解
2.sign 签字雇用;经报名参加
3.stand 突出;显眼;引人注目
4.keep 遵守;遵循;按……行事
5. purpose 故意地
6. ages 很久,很长时间
7.I 我肯定
8. ahead 领先;胜过;获得成功
9.keep mind 牢记
10.on the other 另一方面
11.differ 与……不同
on
up
out
to
on
for
bet
get
in
hand
from
短
语
记
忆
1.Thirdly,you say that there is a discount I
pay in advance.
第三,你们说我只要预付款就有折扣。
2.Quality input ensures quality output, it is
speaking writing.
不管是说还是写,高质量的输入确保高质量的输出。
3. as early as the 1700s .
English would one day be the global language and that has
proved to be the case in the last few decades.
早在18世纪人们就预言英语有一天会成为全球性语言,而这一预言在
过去的几十年中已经得到了证实。
provided
that
whether
or
It
was
predicted
that
句
型
整
理
考点知识·导练 解疑难·提知能
1.absence n.缺乏;缺席
①in/during one’s absence=in/during the absence of
sb.某人不在时
②in the absence of sth.由于缺乏某事物
③absence of mind心不在焉
④be absent from不在,缺席
归纳拓展
高考运用:
①In the (absent) of wolves,coyote populations also grew
quickly.(2017全国Ⅲ,阅读理解C)
②The decision was made (在我不在时).?
③He was absent the meeting,for he was badly ill.?
答案:①absence ②in/during my absence ③from
2.adequate adj.足够的,充分的,恰当的,能胜任的
①be adequate for...适合,对……足够
②be adequate to do sth.足以/胜任做某事
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①for ②to account
①This place is adequate more than fifty cars.?
②His explanation did not seem adequate (account) for what
had happened.
3.ensure vt.保证,担保,保证得到,确保
①ensure (doing) sth.保证(做)某事
②ensure (one’s) safety/success保证(某人的)安全/
成功
③ensure that...确保……
④ensure sb.from/against sth.保护某人免于某事
⑤ensure sb.sth.保证某人得到某物
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①to ensure ②ensured
①Do the following (ensure) the safe operation of your
smoke detector.(2018天津,阅读理解A)?
②His wife (ensure) that he took all his pills every day.?
4.guarantee n.[C]保修单;保证,承诺
vt.(guaranteed,guaranteeing)保证;担保;(与to连用)允诺
①guarantee to do sth.保证做某事
②guarantee that-clause保证……
③guarantee sb.sth.保证某人得到某物
④give sb.a guarantee (that...)给某人保证/承诺
⑤under guarantee在保修期内
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①to come ②under guarantee
①We guarantee (come) here tomorrow.?
②Your watch will be repaired free if it’s still .
(在保修期内).
5.adjust vi.& vt.调整,调节;(使)适应
①adjust to (doing) sth./adjust oneself to sth.适
应于;习惯于
②adjust sth.to sth.调节,调整……以适应……
③make adjustments 做调整
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①to ②living ③make adjustments
①Adjust your language the age of your audience.?
②It took her a while to adjust to (live) alone.?
③Some schools will have to (作出调整) to agree
with the national soccer reform.?
6.inform vt.告知,通知
①inform sb.of/about sth.告知某人某事
②inform sb.that...告知某人……
③keep sb.informed of sth.让某人知道某事
④a piece of information一条信息
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①of/about ②informed ③information
①Please inform us any change of the address as soon as
possible.?
②Please keep me (inform) of fresh development.?
③When we miss a night’s sleep,we find it harder the next day to
concentrate and learn new (inform).(2017北京,七选五)
7.resemble vt.像;与……相似(不用被动语态和进行时态)
①resemble sb./sth.(in...)(在……方面)与某人/某物
相似
②be the same as sb.in sth.与某人在某方面一样
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①to resemble ②in
①He grew up (resemble) his father.?
②The two boys resemble each other appearance.?
8.negotiate vt.& vi.谈判,协商,达成(协议)
①negotiate with sb.for/about/on/over sth.=consult
with sb.about sth.因为某事与某人协商
②negotiate sth.商定某事
③be in negotiation with sb.over sth.与某人协商某事
④break off/carry on negotiations中断/继续谈判
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①with ②negotiation
①Mr.Smith negotiated several firms before making a decision.
②A contract is prepared in (negotiate) with our clients.?
9.approval n.同意,认可,赞成,批准
①meet with one’s approval赢得某人的赞同,得到某人的
认可
②win/earn one’s approval得到某人的赞许
③approve of sb.doing sth.赞成某人做某事
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①approval ②wearing
①The children longed for a sign of affection or (approve)
from him.?
②I don’t really approve of children (wear) make-up.?
10.embarrass vt.(尤指在社交场合)使窘迫,使尴尬;使为难
①embarrass sb.in public当众使某人尴尬
②be embarrassed (at/about) (对……)感到为难/尴尬
③be embarrassed to do sth.尴尬地做某事,做某事感到
害羞
④to one’s embarrassment让某人感到不好意思
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①embarrassed ②embarrassment
①Some women are too (embarrass) to consult their doctors
about the problem.?
②To her (embarrass),she realized that everybody had been
listening to her singing.?
11.catch on(与to连用)理解;学会
①catch one’s attention引起某人的注意;吸引某人
②catch up with赶上
③catch hold of抓住
④catch sight of看见
⑤catch sb.doing sth.发现(撞见)某人做某事
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①catch on ②caught hold of ③stealing
①Would you mind repeating that?I didn’t quite (理解).
②Miss Perry (抓住) my sleeve and pulled
me back.?
③Next time I catch you (steal) from others’ pockets,I’ll
turn you in to the police.?
写作联想:高考运用②其他表达方式
①Miss Perry got hold of my sleeve and pulled me back.
②Miss Perry took hold of my sleeve and pulled me back.
③Miss Perry held on to my sleeve and pulled me back.
④Miss Perry grasped my sleeve and pulled me back.
12.sign up签字雇用;经报名参加
①sign in/out签到/退
②sign off结束写信,停止广播
③sign sth.over (to sb.)签字转让
④sign away签字放弃
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①up ②signed off ③over
①He signed as a secretary with a company.?
②I would keep it on until stations (停止广播) for
the night.?
③When he became ill,he signed his property in France to
his son.?
13.It was predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day
be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the
last few decades.
早在18世纪人们就预言英语有一天会成为全球性语言。而这一预言在过去的
几十年中已经得到了证实。
①It was predicted that...表示“据预计……”的意思,it为形
式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句,该结构常译为
“据……”。类似的主语从句还有:
It is said/reported/believed/considered/suggested/
hoped that...
归纳拓展
②上面句式还可转化为:主语+be+v.-ed+不定式。其中不定式为主语
的补语,该不定式根据所指的时间可出现一般式、 进行式或完成
式。如:
It is said that he has written a new book about workers.
=He is said to have written a new book about workers.
=A new book about workers is said to have been written by
him.
据说他写了一本有关工人的新书。
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①It’s thought that ②It’s reported that ③to study
① (人们认为) this kind of birds may die
out in the future.?
② (据报道) a space station will be built
on the moon in years to come.?
③His son is said (study) in France.?
14.Thirdly,you say that there is a discount provided that I pay in
advance.第三,你们说我只要预付款就有折扣。
此句中的provided that作连词用,引导条件状语从句,that可以省略。相当于providing that。类似的连词有:
①suppose/supposing (that) 假如,如果
②on condition that 如果,在……条件下
③as/so long as只要
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①Provided/Providing ②on
① (provide) that circumstances permit,we shall hold a
meeting next week.
②He can use the bicycle condition that he returns it
tomorrow.
Unit 19 Language
能力提升题组训练(A)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(2018安徽合肥高三第二次质检)
In today’s society,language plays a key role in defining gender (性别) by vocabulary,and also their non-verbal(非语言的) vocabulary.Each one of these different types of ways of communicating is obviously different between men and women.
Many different studies show that men tend to talk much more than women.It has also been proven that women tend to speak faster than men;this is due to the fact that women tend to be interrupted more often than men are,and also have the ability to speak more clearly,precisely,and more quickly than men.In one study it was found that women spoke for an average of three minutes describing a painting,as opposed to the thirteen-minute average it took men to describe it.
Men and women also tend to have a very different non-verbal way of communicating,which can also make it very hard for one another to understand what the opposite sex is trying to say.Men’s body language is much more reserved when talking to women.Men tend not to make as much eye contact and they generally stay farther away from women when talking to them.Men avoid other people’s body space while talking,and they also tend to sit back when talking.All of these have given off the impression of disinterest or boredom.Women are by far better listeners and much more enjoyable to talk with and they tend to raise more topics for conversation.
Women also make it clearer whether or not the conversation is going somewhere or just stuck in neutral.After learning about our styles of communicating with each other,I have decided that although men have not quite mastered communicating,what fun would it be if we all spoke the same “language”? The little games men and women play with each other while conversing would be lost.The question everyone asks himself or herself after talking with someone of the opposite sex,“I wonder if there’s something there?” would no longer exist.
1.What does the underlined word “this”in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A.The differences between men’s and women’s languages.
B.The different speed of men’s and women’s speech.
C.The ability of men’s and women’s spoken language.
D.The non-verbal vocabulary of men and women.
2.In what way do men and women differ according to the third paragraph?
A.Speed of understanding. B.Understanding of speech roles.
C.Politeness of communication. D.Application of body language.
3.What is the author’s attitude to the differences between men’s and women’s communication?
A.Cautious. B.Favorable. C.Ambiguous. D.Skeptical.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.Women,born excellent talkers B.Men’s and women’s social roles
C.Vocabulary and communication D.Opposite gender,different language
语篇解读:本文是说明文,讲述的是“相反的性别,不同的语言”。
答案及剖析:
1.B 猜测词义题。根据第二段第一、二句Many different studies show that men tend to talk much more than women.It has also been proven that women tend to speak faster than men可知:许多不同的研究表明,男人比女人更爱说话。事实证明,女性说话速度比男性快。由此推知,此处this指的是男人和女人说话的速度不同。故选B。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Men and women also tend to have a very different non-verbal way of communicating,男人和女人也有一种非常不同的非语言交流方式,即肢体语言的应用,故选D。
3.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的After learning about our styles of communicating with each other,I have decided that although men have not quite mastered communicating,what fun would it be if we all spoke the same “language”?可知,作者对男女之间的沟通差异是赞同的。故选B。
4.D 标题归纳题。根据第一段In today’s society,language plays a key role in defining gender (性别) by vocabulary,and also their non-verbal (非语言的) vocabulary.Each one of these different types of ways of communicating is obviously different between men and women.和最后一段最后一句The question everyone asks himself or herself after talking with someone of the opposite sex,“I wonder if there’s something there?” would no longer exist.可知,本文的主题是“相反的性别,不同的语言”。故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五(2018安徽六安第一中学高三模拟)
How similar are language and music
Language is part of our daily lives,no matter where we live in the world.
1. Both language and music play a huge role in our culture and here are some of their similarities.?
·Both language and music have a writing system.
In English we record language using the alphabet,which is a collection of letters.Similarly,we use notes to keep a record of music.Musicians read notes and create meaning in the form of music.2. By writing pieces of text or music,we are able to share experiences through time.We can read the ideas or hear the composition of someone who lived hundreds of years ago.?
·3. ?
You can make a good guess at where someone is from by listening to the language they use.In the same way,we know that styles of music are different around the world,giving us the opportunity to explore many different cultures through their music and providing us with music for every situation.
·Both share emotion.
4. Of course you may be able to see it in my face,but you will know for sure through my word.Similarly,music can sound angry,sad or happy.Music can show you exactly how the composer was or is feeling,and allows us to share in that emotion.When you feel happy,you might want to sing and dance to a happy song to celebrate your happiness.5. I think we have all used music to express or process our emotions,often combining it with language in the form of song lyrics.?
A.Both are expressive.
B.Both vary with culture.
C.How do you know that I am angry.
D.We use language to express our thoughts.
E.So just as you read English,you can read music.
F.Similarly,music is part of many people’s lives.
G.In contrast,you probably also listen to sad music when you are feeling down.
答案: 1—5 FEBCG
Ⅲ.完形填空(2018福州四校高三联考)
Back in 1959,when I was 13,I attended a school in Brooklyn. Because of the Sabbath on Friday,we had an early 1 from school. Most of the students would go to local parks to play basketball or baseball. I always 2 myself instead in a small public library, 3 for hours before sundown,the beginning of the Sabbath.?
There was a kind of 4 in that library that led me to worlds that I thought I’d never see. I was 5 to the Green Mountain Boys,to Isaac Asimov’s robots,to the swashbuckling novels of Thomas B. Costain and to a whole host of 6 of the mind. I found a paradise (乐园)of silence where I could 7 my inner self and find the treasures of other worlds.?
8 ,after watching the current generation of teens 9 in the troubled waters of technology,I had little confidence in the 10 of the book. I felt sure that the physical object would be a thing of the past which the Twitter (推特) world had already 11 ,limiting the imagination of this 12 to the few characters that they could 13 in the shortest period.?
But on a Saturday in August,I was shocked into the 14 that my fears might be unnecessary.?
Stony Brook University 15 a competition for teens representing local public libraries. The participation of my granddaughter,Kayla,brought it to my 16 .?
In the Student Activities Center,hundreds of young people came in character costumes, 17 ready to respond to a multitude of questions about books they had read. They had spent the summer in 18 .?
Imagine,an entire summer reading when they could have lazed with their smartphones and followed the president into the Twitter universe. 19 ,they followed their imaginations and 20 themselves to the books. Perhaps there is hope for the world.?
1.A.start B.release C.reply D.warning
2.A.found B.imagined C.amused D.noticed
3.A.dreaming B.discussing C.reading D.struggling
4.A.book B.quiet C.guide D.light
5.A.introduced B.bound C.persuaded D.forced
6.A.fights B.analyses C.images D.adventures
7.A.lose B.explore C.ignore D.desert
8.A.However B.Moreover C.Therefore D.Furthermore
9.A.ruined B.drawn C.stuck D.abused
10.A.publication B.survival C.substitute D.content
11.A.destroyed B.reached C.attracted D.overtaken
12.A.librarian B.generation C.university D.neighborhood
13.A.consume B.play C.recognize D.defeat
14.A.hope B.promise C.awareness D.inspiration
15.A.proposed B.abandoned C.delayed D.hosted
16.A.attention B.memory C.home D.childhood
17.A.hopefully B.enthusiastically C.never D.physically
18.A.advance B.vain C.preparation D.presentation
19.A.Instead B.Somehow C.Anyhow D.Unfortunately
20.A.delivered B.betrayed C.devoted D.left
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“我”与阅读之间的故事以及“我”对阅读的态度的转变。
答案及剖析:
1.B 根据上文中的“Because of the Sabbath on Friday”可知,周五是安息日,故此处表示我们放学很早。release“释放”;warning“警告”。
2.A 根据上文中的“Most of the students would go to local parks to play basketball or baseball”并结合语境可知,大多数同学会去当地公园打篮球或棒球,而“我”总是发现(found)自己在一个小公共图书馆里。amuse“逗笑”;notice“注意到”。
3.C 根据上文中的“in a small public library”可知,“我”在一个小公共图书馆里,故此处为在太阳下山之前阅读(reading)几个小时。struggle“奋斗”。
4.B 根据下文中的“my inner self and find the treasures of other worlds”可知,“我”可以在图书馆里探索内在自我,找到其他世界的珍宝。所以此处表示在这个图书馆里有一种安静(quiet),它能带“我”到“我”认为“我”永远见不到的世界。下文中的“a paradise(乐园)of silence”也是提示。
5.A 根据语境可知,此处为“我”认识了(introduced)很多书中的人物。bind“迫使,约束”;persuade“说服,劝服”;force“逼迫”。
6.D 根据语境可知,此处指给“我”带来了精神上的冒险(adventures)。fight“打架”;analysis“分析”;image“形象”。
7.B 根据语境可知,在这片安静的乐园里,“我”可以探索(explore)内在自我,找到其他世界的珍宝。ignore“忽视”;desert“抛弃”。
8.A 根据下文的描述可知上下文存在转折关系,故选However“然而”。moreover“此外”;therefore“因此”;furthermore“更有甚者”。
9.C 根据“the troubled waters of technology”可知,此处表示如今陷入技术混乱的一代青少年。stick“被难住”。ruin“毁坏”;draw“引起”;abuse“滥用”。
10.B 根据下文尤其是下文中的“I felt sure that the physical object would be a thing of the past”可知,“我”感觉这个现实存在的物品(书)将会成为过去,故此处为“我”对书的存留(survival)抱有很少的信心。publication“出版”;substitute“代替物”;content“内容”。
11.D 根据语境可知,此处表示推特世界已经超越了(overtaken)这个现实存在的物品。destroy“摧毁”;reach“到达”;attract“吸引”。
12.B 根据上文中的“after watching the current generation of teens”可知,此处指把这一代(generation)青少年的想象力限制在少数几个人物身上。librarian“图书馆管理员”;university“大学”;neighborhood“邻居”。
13.A 此处表示这一代青少年关于这几个人物的想象力可以在最短的时间内消耗掉(consume)。recognize“认出”;defeat“打败”。
14.C 根据上文中的“But on a Saturday in August”及下文中的“Stony Brook University 15 a competition for teens representing local public libraries”的描述可知,此处为“我”震惊地意识(awareness)到“我”的恐惧可能是不必要的。promise“许诺”;inspiration“灵感”。?
15.D 此处表示Stony Brook大学为代表当地公共图书馆的青少年举办了(hosted)一场比赛。propose“提议”;abandon“抛弃”;delay“延误”。
16.A 此处表示“我”的孙女Kayla的参与引起了“我”的注意(attention)。bring...to
one’s attention“……引起某人的注意”。
17.B 根据上文可知,成百上千的学生来参加比赛,所以空处表示他们热情地(enthusiastically)准备回答与他们所读的书相关的问题。
18.C 根据上文中的“respond to a multitude of questions about books they had read”及下文中的“an entire summer reading”可知,此处为他们用暑假的时间进行准备(preparation)。
19.A 上文提到想象一下,他们整个夏天都在阅读,他们本可以懒散地玩智能手机,这与下文中的“他们跟随了他们的想象”形成转折,故选Instead“相反”。somehow“用某种方法,不知怎地”;anyhow“尽管如此,至少”;unfortunately“不幸地”。
20.C 上文提到他们整个夏天都在阅读,所以选C。devote“献身,致力,倾注”;deliver“传送”;betray“背叛”。
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Unit 19 Language
能力提升题组训练(B)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2018威海高三模拟)
The ancient city of Chichen Itza in southern Mexico was one of the most powerful cities and one of the most powerful ancient cultures—the Maya.But today,no one lives there.It is only a group of old buildings.However,people from around the world still come to see it.People come to learn about its ancient culture,the culture of the Mayan people.
The Mayan culture began almost 3,000 years ago and grew in parts of Central America.But about 1,000 years ago a group called the Itza invaded the city and built new parts of the city based on natural wells.They named the city Chichen Itza,which means “mouth of the well of the Itza”.
The most interesting structure in Chichen Itza is the Pyramid of Kukulcan(库库尔坎金字塔),whose four sides all come together at one point at the top.Each side on the Pyramid of Kukulcan has 91 steps.And there is one more step at the top of the pyramid.The steps are as many as the days of a year.Some experts believe the Maya could have used this building to help them know when to plant crops.Each day the sun falls on a different step of the pyramid,which could be a way to follow the year.
The people of Chichen Itza especially designed one building to observe and study the movement of the stars and planets.Experts say that the observatory (天文台) is one of the most complex structures the Maya built.A set of steps went up and around the observatory tower.And there were windows in the tower.Each window had a purpose.Experts believe that a person looking through one of these windows could see particular stars on particular dates.The Maya might have believed that studying the stars could tell them the future.
Chichen Itza is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site and an important part of the world’s history.
1.Visitors came to the city of Chichen Itza to .?
A.view its beautiful scenery
B.experience and explore the Mayan culture
C.study and observe other stars on the observatory
D.learn something about when to plant crops
2.Why did the invaders name the city “mouth of the well of the Itza”?
A.Because wells can be seen in or around the city.
B.Because it is large in size.
C.Because the city is newly built.
D.Because its location is vital.
3.Which of the following is TRUE?
A.Chichen Itza is one of the World Heritages.
B.The Pyramid of Kukulcan has 364 steps.
C.Windows in the tower predict the weather in the future.
D.The city of Chichen Itza has a long history of 3,000 years.
4.What’s the author’s purpose of writing this passage?
A.To evaluate the Mayan culture.
B.To persuade readers to pay a visit.
C.To introduce the structure of Chichen Itza.
D.To present the development of the Mayan construction.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了墨西哥南部玛雅古城遗址以及这个古城的著名的古老文化——玛雅文化。
答案及剖析:
1.B 细节理解题。由第一段的最后一句话“People come to learn about its ancient culture,the culture of the Mayan people.”可知,游客来到Chichen Itza的目的是探索和体验玛雅文化。
2.A 细节理解题。由文章第二段最后两句话可知,此处有许多天然的井,故得此名。
3.A 细节理解题。文章最后一段说Itza是联合国教科文组织的世界遗产,故A正确。从倒数第三段的“The steps are as many as the days of a year.”可以排除B项。根据倒数第二段的“Experts believe that a person looking through one of these windows could see particular stars on particular dates.”可以排除C项;根据第二段可知D项不符合原文,故也排除。
4.B 写作意图题。本文介绍玛雅古城的概况和特点,是想引起游客的兴趣,来参观这个城市。
B
One of America’s best-known artist colonies,the MacDowell Colony,will turn 110 next year.It is a place where artists of all types can sweep away distractions and just create.
MacDowell’s operations are funded by foundations,corporations and individuals.Writers,composers,photographers,filmmakers and sculptors—both famous and unknown—compete for the 32 free studios at the place.Once accepted,an artist can stay for as little as a couple of weeks,or as long as a couple of months.
When they arrive,artists find a kind of isolation(隔绝) hard to find in our world.There’s no phone.No fax.No friends.No family.It’s just a cabin in the snowy woods.
Writer Emily Raboteau lives in New York City.She came to MacDowell to work on a novel.She received a desk,chairs,pencil and paper—and ice grippers.The walk from one isolated,one-room studio to another is icy,so colony residents(居住的人) fasten the ice grippers to the bottom of their shoes.
Another colony resident,Belfast composer Elaine Agnew,plays a piece called “To a Wild Rose,”written by Edward MacDowell.She says it’s so famous that every pianist in the world has played the tune.A hundred years ago,MacDowell owned the land where the colony now sits.He liked its isolation and his ability to get work done there.After his death,his wife,Marion,encouraged other artists to come.
And for the last century,artists have accepted the invitation,coming to step outside of their daily lives for a short time.Privacy is respected,but cooperation and discussion is common.
Screenwriter Kit Carson—who wrote Texas Chainsaw Massacre 2 and the film adaptation of Sam Shepherd’s play Paris,Texas—has visited MacDowell twice.He says that the interdisciplinary(学科间的) discussion there is valuable.
“You sit around at dinner,talking,and then somebody runs off and brings you back some stuff and shows it to you,”he says.“That,I didn’t realize,was part of the magic here,because people are really open to showing their opinions here.”
5.What do the colony residents have in common?
A.They find it hard to survive the loneliness.
B.They usually stay in the colony for months.
C.They are already famous in their own field.
D.They are nearly cut off from the outside world.
6.Why does the author mention Elaine Agnew?
A.To show the wide range of the residents.
B.To introduce the origin of the colony.
C.To admire her great musical talent.
D.To show respect for MacDowell.
7.Where does the magic of the MacDowell Colony lie according to Kit Carson?
A.It has a homely feel. B.It values work-play balance.
C.It encourages privacy greatly. D.It has an idea-sharing atmosphere.
8.What would be the best title for the text?
A.Wonderland for artists B.Creativity at work
C.Happy birthday D.Power of silence
语篇解读:本文是说明文。美国的麦克道威尔文艺营是艺术家可以居住和创作的艺术中心,历史已经接近110年了。
答案及剖析:
5.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的sweep away distractions和第三段When they arrive,artists find a kind of isolation hard to find in our world.There’s no phone.No fax.No friends.No family.It’s just a cabin in the snowy woods可知,艺术家们在麦克道威尔文艺营基本与世隔绝,这样他们才能更好地安心创作。
6.B 推理判断题。文章在第五段提到作曲家Elaine Agnew,由她演奏麦克道威尔的名曲《致野玫瑰》进而谈起麦克道威尔文艺营的前世今生。
7.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的the interdisciplinary discussion there is valuable和最后一段中的part of the magic here,because people are really open to showing their opinions here可知,Kit Carson发现人们在这里可以畅所欲言,发表自己的观点,这是该文艺营的魔力所在。
8.A 主旨大意题。文章介绍了麦克道威尔文艺营。很多艺术家竞相来到这里,创作的灵感在寂寥无人处迸发。文中引用了几位艺术家的实例来突出表现该文艺营的独特之处。故A项作标题形象、贴切、概括力强。
Ⅱ.语法填空(2018安徽合肥高三第二次质检)
Xuan paper,known as one of the Four Treasures of Study,first came into 1. (exist) in Xuan Prefecture in the Tang dynasty.The traditional skill of making the paper 2. hand has been passed down through generations.The process takes as many as 108 steps,all of 3. require a level of delicacy.?
Take papermaking master Zhou Donghong,for example.He uses a fine screen to filter (过滤) a mixture of water and fibers.He lifts it up,and it’s a sheet of paper.It takes him and his partner only 15 seconds 4. (form) and shape it,but they’ve devoted 5. (they) to perfecting the skills for decades.?
“There are a lot of tricks of filtering the fibers,and timing is 6. (difficult) part of all.We have only one chance to filter the right amount of fibers,and only the proper weight guarantees the paper is neither too thin nor too thick,and the margin(差额) for error is 7. ( extreme ) small,”said Zhou.With just the right degree of thickness,top quality Xuan paper holds ink and tightly.?
The skill of papermaking,8. (recognize) as a national treasure,has also proven to be an international one.We felt 9. great sense of pride as it was listed as a world intangible culture heritage (非物质文化遗产) by UNESCO in 2009.Since then,in Jingxian County,Xuan papermaking 10. (teach) in schools.?
语篇解读:本文介绍了宣纸。2009年,联合国教科文组织将其列为世界非物质文化遗产,我们感到非常自豪。
答案及剖析:
1.existence come into existence 产生,开始存在。
2.by by hand 用手,手工。
3.which 句意:这个过程需要多达108个步骤,所有这些步骤都需要一定程度的精致。此处steps作先行词,指物,后面的非限制性定语从句缺少主语,故用which。
4.to form It takes sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间。
5.themselves devote oneself to献身于……。
6.the most difficult 根据of all可知此处是形容词最高级,故答案为the most difficult。
7.extremely 副词修饰形容词,故答案为extremely。
8.recognized 此处是过去分词作后置定语,故答案为recognized。
9.a 句意:2009年,联合国教科文组织将其列为世界非物质文化遗产,我们感到非常自豪。也就是我们有一种自豪感。故答案为a。
10.has been taught Since then是现在完成时态的标志,Xuan papermaking 和teach之间是被动关系,所以句子用现在完成时态的被动语态,故答案为has been taught。
Ⅲ.短文改错(2018宁夏育才高三期末)
Today while walking past the train station,I notice two young men carrying some huge bag.They were consulting a map and seemed confused,so I asked them who they were looking for.They were looking for an address that wasn’t easy to find it,and it happened to being the same way I was going.However,I helped them with one of the bags and walked with them until we found the rightly house.We had nice talk and I was told that they had come all the way from French.They were very grateful for me,and I felt very happy.
答案:Today while walking past the train station,I two young men carrying some huge .They were consulting a map and seemed confused,so I asked them they were looking for.They were looking for an address that wasn’t easy to find ,and it happened to the same way I was going.,I helped them with one of the bags and walked with them until we found the house.We had nice talk and I was told that they had come all the way from .They were very grateful me,and I felt very happy.
剖析:根据后面的时态可以判定,此处用过去时。
bag为可数名词单数,由some修饰,应该用bags。
我问他们在找什么。宾语从句中缺少宾语且指物,故用what。
address后跟定语从句,that为关系词指代address,所以it多余。
happen to be 碰巧是。
此处表达因果关系。碰巧我们同路,因此我帮他们拿着一个包。
此处表达找到正确的房屋,right修饰house。
我们进行了愉快的交谈,had a nice talk。
此句表达他们来自于法国,用名词。
be grateful to sb.对某人充满感激。
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