(共14张PPT)
单元知识检测
教材回扣
Ⅰ.用本单元所学短语完成句子
答案:1.get into trouble 2.picked up 3.make a living
1.If you keep on doing it,you’ll (陷入麻烦).?
2.Here’s a tip that I (偶然学得) from my mother.?
3.In that situation,it’s hard to find a way to .
(谋生).?
4.The man is always (寻找)someone who can
understand him.?
5.You will drop from the tree if you don’t (注意).
答案:4.in search of 5.watch out
Ⅱ.课文缩写填空
The Vikings were the first Europeans to reach America.They 1. (achieve) this long before Columbus ever set sail.They were a group of people 2. .
ancestors came from Scandinavia.They controlled the seas and coasts of Northern Europe for a long time.In 982 AD,a man 3. (call ) Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland.According 4. the old stories of Iceland and Norway,Eric the Red committed a murder,for which he got 5. trouble.He reached Greenland and discovered that people could live in the place where he landed,so he returned to Iceland.He persuaded some people 6. (go )back with him to Greenland and 14 ships made it to Greenland with him.Not long after this,Biarni set sail from Iceland in search of Eric’s party.Unfortunately he was blown off course and found himself in a(n) 7. (know) land,from where he 8. (eventual ) reached Greenland.In 1002,Eric the Red’s son Leif sailed to what 9. (believe) to be the coast of present-day Canada.Eric the Red and Leif’s 10. (deed) are the first records we have of Europeans sailing to the Americas.?
答案:1.achieved 2.whose 3.called 4.to 5.into 6.to go 7.unknown 8.eventually 9.is believed 10.deeds
语境活用
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
答案:1.arranged 2.attraction 3.spirits
1.Last year,Moran worked on a project that (arrange)Fats
Waller’s music for a dance party.(2017全国Ⅰ,阅读理解C)?
2.But for tourists like me,pandas are its top (attract).
(2016全国I,语法填空)?
3.A nervous night to be sure,but sometimes the (spirit)of
nature smile on us all! (2017全国Ⅰ,阅读理解B)?
4.Instead of walking a few blocks to pick a child or the
dry cleaning,they send the self-driving minibus.
(2018北京,阅读理解D)?
5.At last,the old man accepted my (apologize) for breaking
the window.?
6.The terrible news made the people present at the meeting
(frighten).?
答案:4.up 5.apology 6.frightened
7.They are searching for some ways to reduce air (pollute).?
8.Although her grandfather is more than sixty,he is always .
(energy).?
9.They will hold a party in celebration of her (survive).?
10.She was shocked by the (discover) that her husband had
been unfaithful.
答案:7.pollution 8.energetic 9.survival 10.discovery
答案:1.将spirit改为spirits 2.participated后加in 3.将while改为when 4.将frightening改为frightened
Ⅱ.单句语法改错
1.They arrive at the class in low spirit and they leave with a smile.
(2018全国Ⅲ,七选五)
2.How many countries participated the famous game last month?
3.They were having a heated discussion while a young man rushed in.
4.From her frightening look, we knew that she must have seen
something terrible.
5.When he was very young, his mother began to teach him to handle
with such problems.
6.Attracting by the scenery,he decided to move to this place.
7.I shall never forget the day that we moved into our new house.
答案:5.去掉with 6.将Attracting改为Attracted 7.将that改为when
8.The local villagers walked into the deep forest in search for the
missing boy.
9.He told me that his new house was twice as bigger as his old one.
10.You’d better offer an apology to what you said yesterday.
答案:8.将for改为of 9.将bigger改为big 10.将to改为for
微写作
1.我最好的朋友精力很充沛,经常去探险。
答案:1.My best friend is very energetic and he often goes out for adventures.
(借助过渡性词语或句子就能把5个句子连接成一篇小短文)
? ?
2.上个月他决定航海去非洲。
答案:2.Last month he decided to set sail to Africa.
3.He was caught in the storm at sea and his left leg was injured,which got him into trouble.
? ?
3.在海上他遇到了暴风雨,他左腿受伤,陷入了困境。
? ?
4.后来他碰巧看见远处有一艘大船,最后他得救了。
答案:4.Later,he happened to see a large ship in the distance and eventually he was saved.
5.It took him three months to recover from his injury,and he began his new exploration again.
? ?
? ?
5.三个月后他康复了,他又开始了新的探险。
(共40张PPT)
必修3
Unit 7 The Sea
基础知识·梳理
考点知识·导练
基础知识·梳理 抓主干·固双基
participate
1. vi.参加
n.参与者
n.参加,参与
2. vt.安排,准备
n.整理;筹备;约定
3. n.精神
adj.精神上的
4. vt.说服,劝服
n.劝说
adj.有说服力的
participant
participation
arrange
arrangement
spirit
spiritual
persuade
persuasion
persuasive
单
词
拓
展
5. vi.道歉
n.道歉
6. vt.吸引
n.吸引(力)
adj.吸引人的
7. adj.令人惊恐的,骇人的
vt.使惊吓
adj.感到惊恐的
8. vt.使污染
n.污染
apologise
apology
attract
attraction
attractive
frightening
frighten
frightened
pollute
pollution
单
词
拓
展
9. n.智力,理解力
adj.聪明的
10. adj.有活力的
n.活力,精力
11. n.发现
v.发现
n.发现者
12. vi.& vt.(长度、数量)为;测量
n.测量,计量
13. n.长度,长
v.加长
adj.长的
intelligence
intelligent
energetic
energy
discovery
discover
discoverer
measure
measurement
length
lengthen
long
单
词
拓
展
14. vi.幸存,生存下来
n.幸存者
n.幸存
15. vi.恢复正常;康复
n.恢复
16. vt.禁止
17. vt.演示;讲演
18. vi.逃脱,逃跑
19. vt.评估,评价
survive
survivor
survival
recover
recovery
ban
present
escape
evaluate
单
词
拓
展
20. adv.最终,终于
21. vt.对付
22. n.折扣,减价
23.up-to-date adj. .
24.terror n. .
25.opposite n. .
eventually
handle
discount
最新的;现代的
恐怖,恐惧
对立的人(物);反义词
单
词
拓
展
1.get trouble 陷入麻烦,陷入困境
2.make (to) 到达;做成(某事);渡过难关
3. search of 寻找,寻求
4.watch 注意,小心
5.pick 取;接载;捡起;整理
6.in addition 除了……之外(还有)
7.fill 填写
8. sail 启航
9.according 根据,依照
10.make/earn a 谋生
11.all once 突然,忽然
into
it
in
out
up
to
out
set
to
living
at
短
语
记
忆
1....I recover my elder brother
put his mouth close to my ear,and screamed out...
……我正竭力回过神来,就在这时哥哥把他的嘴放到我的耳朵旁,大声
说出……
2.Some fish can produce sounds almost .
your speaking voice!
一些鱼可以制造出几乎是你说话声音两倍大的声音!
3.You certainly find a fish.
你肯定找不到(比这)更吵的鱼了。
was
trying
to
when
twice
as
loud
as
won’t
noisier
句
型
整
理
考点知识·导练 解疑难·提知能
1.participate vi.参与;参加
①participate in 参加;参与
②participate as 作为……参加
归纳拓展
高考运用:
①Everyone in the class is expected to participate these
discussions.?
②This is also the first time that I have participated a
planner.?
答案:①in ②as
2.spirit n.精神;灵魂;(pl.)情绪
①be down in spirits情绪低落
②in the spirit of以……精神/态度
③in high/great spirits兴高采烈
④in low/poor spirits 垂头丧气
⑤in spirit 在心里,在精神上
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①in high spirits ②in poor spirits
①At supper,everyone was (兴高采烈).?
②When Tom went for the third operation,he appeared .
(垂头丧气).
写作联想:高考运用②其他表达方式
①When Tom went for the third operation,he appeared in low spirits.
②When Tom went for the third operation,he appeared down in spirits.
③When Tom went for the third operation,he appeared in a bad mood.
3.persuade vt.说服,劝服,使(某人)相信
① 说服某人做某事
②
③persuade sb.of sth.使某人信服某事
④persuade sb.that...使某人信服……
⑤try to persuade sb.to do sth. (=advise sb. to do
sth.)尽力劝说某人做某事(但未必劝服)
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①to give ②into ③of
①Finally I persuaded him (give) up smoking.?
②You’d better persuade your company buying a new coffee
machine.?
③In a debate you need to persuade the listeners the
soundness of your argument.?
4.apologise vi.道歉(也可写作apologize)
①apologize (to sb.) for (doing) sth.为(做)某事(向某
人)道歉
②owe sb.an apology应向某人道歉
③offer/make/demand/accept an apology主动道歉/致歉/
要求道歉/接受道歉
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①apologising ②apology
①Respond quickly and briefly, (apologise) for your mistake.
(2017天津,阅读理解A)?
②You owe him an (apologize) for what you said.
5.ban vt.禁止
n.禁令
①ban sb.from (doing) sth.禁止某人(做)某事
②a ban on sth.对……的禁令
③lift the ban on...解除对……的禁令
④put/place a ban on sth.宣布禁止……
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①bans ②from ③on
①Many cities with (ban) still allow shoppers to purchase
paper bags,which are easily recycled.(2018浙江,阅读理解B)?
②He has been banned driving for a year.?
③There is a ban taking photos in the museum.?
6.present n.礼物;现在
adj.当前的;出席的,在场的
vt.赠送;提出;介绍,引见;讲演;展现
①at the present time/at present现在,目前
②be present at...出席……,在场
③ 把某物交给/赠送给/颁 发给某人
④present sb.to sb.把某人引见给某人(正式用语)
归纳拓展
【巧学助记】
答案:①at present ②be presented
①The old couple are travelling in the USA (现在).
②The music can’t (present) today the way it was in 1908
or 1958.(2017全国Ⅰ,阅读理解C)
高考运用:
特别提示:present作“在场的,出席的”讲时,作定语常放在被修饰词的后面;作“现在的,目前的”讲时,作定语,常放在被修饰词的前面。
the people present at the meeting出席会议的人
the present president现任总统
7.attract vt.吸引
①attract sb.to sb./sth.把某人吸引到……
②attract one’s attention/interest 引起某人的注意/
兴趣
③hold/have attraction for sb.对于某人来说有吸引力
④be attractive to sb.对某人有吸引力
归纳拓展
答案:①attracted ②attraction ③attractive
①It’s partly true that Dickens’ style of writing (attract)
audiences from all walks of life.(2018浙江,阅读理解A)?
②The beauty of the West Lake does have (attract) for
travellers.?
③The show is really (attract) to young girls.
高考运用:
8.escape vi.逃走,逃脱;(液体、气体等)漏出
vt.避免(危险或不愉快的事情);被忽略
n.逃走,逃脱
①escape from/out of从……中逃出
②escape (doing) sth.避免/逃脱(做)某事
③make one’s escape逃走
④have a narrow escape死里逃生,九死一生
归纳拓展
答案:①escaped from ②have a narrow escape
①It was last night that two prisoners (从……中逃出)
the prison.?
②Did he (死里逃生) from the big
fire??
高考运用:
9.get into trouble陷入麻烦,陷入困境
①have trouble/difficulty with sth./(in) doing sth.
干某事有麻烦
②in trouble 处于困境中
③
归纳拓展
答案:①answering ②in trouble ③get into trouble
①If your awareness is as sharp as it could be,you’ll have no
trouble (answer) these questions.(2018天津,阅读理解D)?
②The old man is so kind that he often helps those .
(处于困境中).?
③We tried not to (陷入麻烦) at school.
高考运用:
特别提示:get into trouble无被动形式,也可用get sb.into trouble 使某人陷入困境。
10.make it (to)及时到达;渡过难关;做成(某事)
①make it big 取得极大成功
②make it through 挺过,熬过
③make it up 和解,和好
④make for sth.促成某事;向某事物移动
归纳拓展
答案:①make it ②make it up
①I never thought Mary would (成功) as an actress.?
②The couple quarrel every morning and (和
好) every evening.?
高考运用:
11.in search of寻找,寻求(=in one’s search for)
①a search for...寻找……
②search...for...在……里面/身上搜寻……
③search for=look for=hunt for 寻找
④search out 找出(某人或某物)
⑤search through 把……仔细搜寻一遍
归纳拓展
答案:①in search of/to search for/to look for ②for ③search out
①Mario went off (寻找) some matches.?
②I was searching these three western lowland gorillas
I’d been observing.(2018全国Ⅲ,语法填空)?
③It took me several weeks to (找出) the book that
I wanted.
高考运用:
12.watch out注意,提防,戒备
①watch out for sb./sth.密切注意/当心某人/某事物
②watch for sb./sth.观察等待(某人出现或某事发生)
③watch over sb./sth.照管/监督/保护某人/某事物
④watch/mind one’s step小心行走,谨慎行事
归纳拓展
答案:①Watch out ②for ③watch over
① (当心)!There’s a car coming.?
②We have to watch out fast traffic along here.?
③Will you (照料) the baby while I’m out?
高考运用:
特别提示:watch out为不及物动词短语,单独使用,用于祈使句,常和介词for连用,接宾语。
13.pick up 取,接载; 拿起,捡起;整理;收听到; (无意中)学会;好转;(廉价地)
买到
①pick oneself up (跌倒后)站起来
②pick up speed 加速
③pick out 挑选出;分辨出;领会
归纳拓展
答案:①up ②up ③out
①Generally speaking,the bus picks passengers outside the
airport.?
②I picked a little French while staying in France.?
③Books always came first.I picked five titles.
高考运用:
14.in addition to除了……之外(还有)
①in addition=besides 除此以外,另外
②apart from 除……之外
归纳拓展
答案:①In addition ②to
①I don’t like its color. (另外),it’s too expensive.?
②In addition these arrangements,extra ambulances will be
on duty until midnight.
高考运用:
特别提示:in addition to为介词短语,后接名词或动名词,其宾语是整体的一部分。
15....I was trying to recover when my elder brother put his mouth
close to my ear,and screamed out...
…… 我正竭力回过神来, 就在这时哥哥把他的嘴放到我的耳朵 旁, 大声
说出……
when在此句中为连词,意为“这时”,通常用于以下结构:
①be doing...when...正在……这时……
②be about to do/on the point of doing...when...正
要……这时……
③had just done...when...刚做完……这时……
归纳拓展
答案:①was studying ②on ③when
①I (study) in the classroom when it began to rain.?
②He was the point of leaving when someone knocked at the
door.?
③She had just finished her homework her mother asked her
to practice playing the piano.
高考运用:
Unit 7 The Sea
能力提升题组训练(A)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Every ocean lover knows the dangers of getting caught in a rip current (离岸流).Experienced swimmers know it is relatively easy to escape the narrow channel of the fast moving water by floating and allowing it to drag you further into the ocean or by swimming alongside the shore.However,inexperienced beachgoers often panic,and try to swim to land,placing themselves at risk of drowning due to tiredness.According to the US National Ocean Service,the currents kill about 100 Americans each year and account for 80% of all lifeguard rescues.These scary statistics may soon be a thing of the past,thanks to Clever Girl,a smart buoy (浮标) that warns swimmers of the presence of deadly rip currents.
The smart device is the brainchild of Australian teenager Maddison King,who created Clever Girl as a project for her Grade 12 Design and Technology class.The 18-year-old,who works as a lifeguard during her spare time,came up with the brilliant idea after discovering that most children were unable to detect rip currents.
The basketball-sized plastic buoy,which can be attached to a chain of similar devices or the ocean floor,is fitted with a small propeller (螺旋桨).When the water travels at speed of over 70 centimeters per second,it spins the propeller fast enough to power the light atop the buoy,warning swimmers to stay clear of the area.
Though it sounds simple enough,the youngster had to overcome numerous design challenges.For instance,she picked a red light since it is easy to see in the bright sunlight and also because the color serves as a universal warning sign for tourists that do not speak the local language.The device’s smooth surface and high handles ensure swimmers do not get hurt,while the black,white,and red striped underside,keeps sharks and other animals at bay.
Future versions might include something like a warning siren,which would provide sound warnings of rip currents.Besides,the present model cost about $300 to make.“That’s beyond my purse.”she laughs,“the cost has to be cut down.”
1.Which of the following is the right way to escape the rip current?
A.Waiting for rescues. B.Swimming to the shore.
C.Moving fast in the water. D.Floating with the water.
2.Why did Maddison decide to invent Clever Girl?
A.She wanted to challenge her creativity.
B.She was motivated by her working experience.
C.She was supposed to complete it for her class.
D.She was scared by the statistics of the government.
3.What do we know about the present version of Clever Girl?
A.It’s not available on the market. B.It’s quite attractive for sea animals.
C.It’s based on a complex theory. D.It can give warnings in different ways.
4.What could the future version of Clever Girl be like?
A.Safer and greener. B.Cheaper and safer.
C.Greener and more effective. D.Cheaper and more effective.
语篇解读:对于每一位海洋爱好者来说,被困于离岸流是很危险的。本文主要介绍了当人们被这种海流困住时,应如何自救才能化险为夷,并介绍了澳大利亚女孩发明的离岸流警报装置Clever Girl。
答案及剖析:
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“...to escape the narrow channel of the fast moving water by floating and allowing it to drag you further into the ocean or by swimming alongside the shore.”可知,对于有经验的游泳者来说,相对容易地摆脱离岸流的方法是漂浮在水面顺流游动或者沿着海岸游动。
2.B 推理判断题。根据文中第二段最后一句“The 18-year-old,who works as a lifeguard during her spare time,came up with the brilliant idea after discovering that most children were unable to detect rip currents.”可知,这位18岁的女孩在她业余时间当救生员时,发现大多数孩子不能发现离岸流,所以她想到了这个主意。
3.A 推理判断题。根据文中最后一段“Besides,the present model cost about $300 to make.”可知,这种装置目前还只是模型(model),这说明目前市场上还没有这种产品。
4.D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句中的include something like a warning siren,which would provide sound warnings of rip currents及最后一句中的“‘the cost has to be cut down’”可知,这一装置将来会更高效,且目前超出了她的经济能力,所以其成本还要降低。
Ⅱ.七选五(2018重庆第八中学高三五月模拟)
We’ve all heard about the power of our attitude,and it’s our attitude that determines how much we succeed in life.
All the things that you have been through,all the people you have met and interacted with can have an impact on your attitude.If you think that all these factors have molded you into a person with a poor attitude towards life,there is no need to worry.1. ?
Identify and understand what you want to change.
The first step towards change is clearly understanding what needs to be changed.
2. When it comes to changing your attitude,you need to do an honest and in-depth self-evaluation so you could point out exactly which of your traits need to be improved or totally changed.?
3. ?
Find someone who has the kind of attitude that you want to have,and let his or her life give you inspiration and encouragement to move beyond your temporary failures in your journey towards becoming a better person.
Choose the right company.
As they say,“Bad company corrupts good character.” You don’t expect yourself to be able to change if you go on surrounding yourself with people who possess all the negative traits that you want to change.Consider befriending new people,especially those who are optimistic and have a healthy attitude towards life.4. ?
Believe that you are able to change.
5. If you don’t believe in yourself or believe that you or your life can change,it just won’t happen—you will either never start,or give up quickly.So you won’t have even given yourself the opportunity to succeed.?
A.Look for a role model.
B.There is always an opportunity for change.
C.Setting clear goals is the key to success in any attempt.
D.Think about how your attitude change will affect your life.
E.The greatest obstacle is our inability to trust in what we can do.
F.Your effort to change will be easier with these people as friends.
G.Fix your mind on the things that would come as a result of your attitude change.
答案:1—5 BCAFE
Ⅲ.完形填空
When I was a teenager I volunteered to pass out water at a local race.I was so excited to 1 all the different runners who passed by and quickly took a cup of water.Some walked past,some jogged past and a few 2 past.?
Watching so many 3 of people doing it,I thought maybe I could do it too!The next year I decided to 4 the race.With 5 running practice,I just wanted to finish.?
On the day of the race,it was terribly hot.Only after two miles,I felt sweat 6 off me and my legs swelling.I began to 7 ,“Why am I doing this?What was I thinking?I must be 8 .”For the following miles,I jogged.I walked.I jogged and walked.I wondered if I could 9 .?
10 the end,a 70-year-old man rushed past me,very 11 ,and I felt a little 12 that I was more than 50 years younger than him and I couldn’t 13 keep up with him.But then I realized something:he was running his race and I was running mine.How often in life do we 14 ourselves to others and feel 15 in ourselves when we really couldn’t?We are all unique human beings with unique 16 .It’s really no good focusing on others’ race.I decided that I would not 17 running and that one day I would be one of those 18 people who were still running races.?
As I crossed the finishing line,I was proud of myself.I didn’t regret having such an experience.If you don’t 19 others but get the lesson and grow,you are truly a 20 .?
1.A.see B.inspect C.stare D.notice
2.A.struggled B.dragged C.rushed D.moved
3.A.styles B.ranks C.types D.races
4.A.compete B.hold C.lead D.run
5.A.some B.little C.much D.any
6.A.pouring B.taking C.melting D.blowing
7.A.doubt B.remember C.imagine D.suppose
8.A.friendly B.crazy C.generous D.tired
9.A.win B.stop C.make D.finish
10.A.On B.At C.Near D.By
11.A.slowly B.gently C.heavily D.fast
12.A.pleased B.frightened C.delighted D.embarrassed
13.A.just B.even C.still D.already
14.A.compare B.devote C.recommend D.show
15.A.motivated B.surprised C.disappointed D.satisfied
16.A.significance B.pace C.principle D.concept
17.A.insist on B.look up to C.put up with D.give up
18.A.elderly B.professional C.international D.educated
19.A.persuade B.change C.beat D.follow
20.A.learner B.winner C.dreamer D.competitor
语篇解读:作者在年少时做了跑步比赛的志愿者,后来自己也参加了比赛,并且经过那次比赛得到了宝贵的人生感悟。
答案及剖析:
1.A 根据空后的all the different runners who passed by and quickly took a cup of water可知,作者作为志愿者给跑步者递水,看着(see)跑步者经过身边。inspect意为“检查;视察”;stare意为“凝视;盯着看”;notice意为“注意到;发觉”。
2.C 根据上文different runners可知,此处在描述不同的跑步者有不同的跑步动作,一些人走过去,一些人慢跑过去,少部分人冲(rushed)过去。struggle意为“挣扎;奋斗”;drag意为“拖拽;拖拉”;move意为“移动;感动”。下文第11空前的rushed也是提示。
3.C 根据上文中的“Some walked past,some jogged past and a few...”可知,作者看着不同类别的跑步者参加跑步比赛,觉得或许自己也可以参加。type意为“种类;类别”,符合语境。style意为“风格”;rank意为“阶级;等级”;race意为“赛跑;竞赛;种族”。
4.D 根据上文的“I thought maybe I could do it too!”可知,作者下一年决定参加(run)比赛。compete意为“竞争;争夺;参加比赛”;hold意为“举行”;lead意为“领先”。
5.B 根据下文的I just wanted to finish可知,作者几乎没怎么(little)进行跑步训练,只是想完成比赛。
6.A 根据上文的“On the day of the race,it was terribly hot.”和下文的my legs swelling可知,跑完两英里后,作者就感到汗流(pouring)浃背,双腿肿痛。take off意为“脱掉;起飞;突然开始成功”;melt意为“融化”;blow意为“吹;刮”。
7.A 根据下文的“Why am I doing this?What was I thinking?”可知,作者开始怀疑(doubt)自己参加比赛的初衷。remember意为“记得;记住”;imagine意为“想象”;suppose意为“猜想;以为”。
8.B 根据上文的“Why am I doing this?What was I thinking?”可知,作者开始怀疑自己参加比赛的初衷,觉得自己一定是疯了(crazy)。friendly意为“友好的”;generous意为“慷慨的;大方的”;tired意为“劳累的;疲惫的”。
9.D 根据上文的“Only after two miles,I felt sweat...For the following miles,I jogged.I walked.I jogged and walked.”可知,作者跑完两英里后就汗流浃背、双腿肿痛,开始走走跑跑,由此推知,作者开始怀疑自己能否完成(finish)比赛。win意为“赢得;获得”;stop意为“停止;阻止”;make意为“做;制造”。
10.C 根据下文的keep up with him可知,接近终点时,一个七十岁的老人迅速超过了作者。
11.D 根据前面的rushed past me可知,老人的速度很快。fast意为“快地;迅速地”,符合语境。slowly意为“缓慢地;慢慢地”;gently意为“温柔地;轻轻地”;heavily意为“严重地;沉重地”。
12.D 根据下文的I was more than 50 years younger than him 可知,一位七十岁的老人超过了比其年轻五十多岁的作者,作者应该感到有点尴尬(embarrassed)。pleased意为“高兴的;满意的”;frightened意为“害怕的;受惊吓的”;delighted意为“高兴的”。
13.B 此处表示一位七十岁的老人超过了比其年轻五十多岁的作者,所以作者感到有点尴尬,而且作者甚至追不上老人。even意为“甚至”,符合语境。
14.A 根据上文的“But then I realized something:he was running his race and I was running mine.”可知,在生活中我们经常把自己与他人比较(compare)。devote意为“致力;投身”;recommend意为“推荐;建议”;show意为“展示;表明”。
15.C 根据上文作者被一个七十岁的老人超过了,自己感到有点尴尬可知,我们经常把自己与他人作比较,当自己比不上他人时就会对自己感到失望(disappointed)。motivated意为“积极的;主动的”;surprised意为“惊讶的;惊奇的”;satisfied意为“满意的;满足的”。
16.B 根据下文的“It’s really no good focusing on others’ race.”可知,我们所有人都是独一无二的,都有着自己的节奏(pace)。significance意为“重要性;意义”;principle意为“原理;原则”;concept意为“观念;概念”。
17.D 根据下文的people who were still running races可知,作者决定不会放弃(give up)跑步。insist on意为“坚持”;look up to意为“敬仰;钦佩”;put up with意为“忍受;容忍”。
18.A 根据上文中的a 70-year-old man 可知,作者决定不会放弃跑步,并且某一天自己也会成为那些仍在参加跑步比赛的老年人中的一员。elderly意为“年老的”,符合语境。professional意为“职业的;专业的”;international意为“国际的;国际间的”;educated意为“受到教育的;有教养的”。
19.C 根据上文内容可知,作者虽然没有打败(beat)他人赢得比赛,却获得了经验和成长。persuade意为“说服;劝服”;change意为“改变;更换”;follow意为“跟着;遵循”。
20.B 根据上文的“As I crossed the finishing line,I was proud of myself.I
didn’t regret having such an experience.”可知,作者虽然没有赢得比赛,但是获得了经验和成长,这才是真正的赢家(winner)。learner意为“学习者”;dreamer意为“做梦的人;空想家”;competitor意为“竞争者;对手”。
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Unit 7 The Sea
能力提升题组训练(B)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2018武汉高三调研)
Our planet is home to about seven billion people.Since the 1990s,population experts have predicted the number would grow to nine billion before it begins to slow down and possibly decrease.
But a new report predicts the world’s population is likely to increase to almost 11 billion by 2100.Based on the most modern statistical tools,the new report makes use of government records and considers expert predictions,including death rates,birth rates and international migration,or people moving across borders.The report says during the rest of this century,Africa’s population will grow from about 3.5 billion to 5.1 billion over the next 85 years.
John is director of the United Nations Population Division.He says that in the past,researchers thought population growth in Africa would be similar to that of other areas.They expected slower growth rates as birth control use became more widespread.But he says those ideas were wrong.
“The level of contraception use has continued to increase but slowly—more slowly than expected,and birth rate therefore has been falling less rapidly than expected,and the population therefore continues to grow somewhat more rapidly than we expected.”The new findings are based on a joint research project of the United Nations and the University of Washington.
The researchers believe the population of Asia will reach five billion by 2050.That is up from the current 4.4 billion.And then it begins to decline.The researchers also believe that North America,Europe,Latin America and the Caribbean area will have a total population of below one billion.
John says the pressure of feeding the rising population is likely to be less than that might be expected.
“The relatively good news is that the world has been winning the race between population growth and food production.If you look back historically over the last 50 years,certainly for the world as a whole and for many most individual countries and regions,the increase in food production has outpaced the increase of population.”
1.Which area will experience the largest increase in population at the end of the century?
A.Asia. B.Africa. C.Europe. D.North America.
2.“Contraception use” in the fourth paragraph refers to .?
A.a method of expert predictions
B.a way of avoiding growth in population
C.a joint research into the rising population
D.a potential technology for food production
3.Why is the pressure of feeding the rising population less than expected according to John?
A.Expert predictions are not exactly like what the facts happen.
B.Birth rates have always been falling less rapidly than we expected.
C.The population grows less rapidly than population experts expected.
D.The increase in food production has outpaced the increase of population.
4.What can be inferred from the passage?
A.The world’s population will increase constantly.
B.The population of Asia will rise by 5 billion by 2050.
C.John is optimistic about feeding the rising population.
D.Population growth in Africa was much slower than expected.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文,介绍了一份预测未来世界人口增长趋势的报告。
答案及剖析:
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知,非洲人口会增长1.6 billion;根据第五段可知,亚洲人口到2050年会增长0.6 billion,接着会下降;根据第五段的最后一句可知,欧洲、北美、拉丁美洲和加勒比海地区总人口将不到1 billion。故选B。
2.B 词义猜测题。根据第三段的第三句可知,他们预计避孕措施的普及会使人口出生率的速度减慢,故文中画线短语的意思与B项“避免人口增长的方法”相近,故选B。
3.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“ the increase in food production has outpaced the increase of population”可知,食物产量的增长超过了人口的增长,故选D。
4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知,John认为好消息在于人口增长与食物产量增长这场比赛中世界各国一直在取得胜利,并且食物产量的增长超过了人口的增长,故可推知选C。
B
(21世纪学生英文报632期)
Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work,but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track (跑道).
But while it’s long been believed that endorphins (脑内啡)—chemicals in the body that cause happiness—are behind the so-called “runner’s high”,a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.
According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities,a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids (内源性大麻素) may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.
To test this theory,the scientists turned to mice.
Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoids after exercise,along with many other chemicals.After exercising on running wheels,the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety.
But after being given a drug to block their endorphins,the mice’s behavior
didn’t seem to change.However,when their endocannabinoids were blocked with a different drug,their runner’s high symptoms seemed to fade.
“The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runner’s high is false.Endorphins are effective pain relievers,but only when it comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out,” Patrick Lucas Austin wrote on science blog Lifehacker.
Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans,but it’s already well known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety.
The UK’s National Health Service even prescribes (开药方) exercise to patients who are suffering from depression.
“Being depressed can leave you feeling low in energy,which might put you off being more active.Regular exercise can boost your mood if you have depression,and it’s especially useful for people with mild to moderate (中等的) depression,” it wrote on its website.
It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout,even if we don’t fully understand where it comes from.At least if we’re feeling down,we know that all we have to do is put on our running shoes.
5.What did scientists from German universities recently discover?
A.Working out is a highly effective way to treat depression.
B.The runner’s high could be caused by endocannabinoids.
C.Endorphins may contribute to one’s high spirits after running.
D.The level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect one’s mood.
6.The scientists gave mice drugs in their experiment to .?
A.find what reduces the runner’s high symptoms
B.see the specific symptoms of the runner’s high
C.identify what is responsible for the runner’s high
D.test what influences the level of endocannabinoids released
7.The underlined word “notion” in Paragraph 7 has the closest meaning to .?
A.effect B.goal C.question D.belief
8.According to the UK’s National Health Service,regular workouts .?
A.are the best way to treat depression
B.can help ease depression symptoms
C.only work for those with serious depression
D.can help people completely recover from depression
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文,解释了为什么跑步会让你感觉舒畅。
答案及剖析:
5.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中“a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling” 可知,endocannabinoids是跑步后产生愉悦感的原因,B正确。人们之前认为是endorphins使人产生运动后的愉悦感,但这并不是最新的发现,C错误。由文章倒数第二段可知,the UK’s National Health Service网站提到运动可以缓解轻度和中度的抑郁症,但这并不是德国科学家的发现,A错误。文章并未提及D选项,故不选。
6.C 细节理解题。根据第六段可知,给小鼠使用药物是为了探究造成跑步者愉悦感现象的物质是endorphins还是endocannabinoids,故C正确。
7.D 语义猜词题。effect意为“效果”,goal 意为“目标”,question意为“问题”,belief意为“看法,信念,观念”,根据语境可判断belief最符合文意,即endorphins造成跑步者愉悦感现象的观念是错误的,故D正确。
8.B 推理判断题。由关键词National Health Service定位到倒数第二和第三段,A和D选项都过于绝对,文章也并未提及,故错误。根据“Regular exercise can boost your mood if you have depression,and it’s especially useful for people with mild to moderate depression,”可知运动可以改善心情,对于轻度和中度抑郁症患者更有效,并非是只对重度抑郁症有效,故C错误,B正确。
Ⅱ.语法填空(2018安徽皖南八校联考)
Youth seems to be fading away in my heart,only leaving me some unforgettable 1. (memory).Things that we believed would last forever had 2. (actual) gone in a second before we realized it.Those who we used to deeply love have now become strangers.Our once pure and beautiful dream is gradually fading away with time passing by.This is youth,3. is indeed an endless cycle from familiarity to strangeness and from strangeness to familiarity.?
Human is such a strange animal that we mostly ignore something 4. we lose it.We 5. (gain) a lot of things,but also we have lost a lot.We are in great effort in changing our fate and bringing more happiness to people around us.However,we soon realize it is difficult 6. (achieve) any of them.It is a lifelong promise.Many things would change with time and no one can guarantee eternity (永恒).So,silence becomes the best 7. (solve) to all difficulties and hardships.?
The flying youth has deposited (沉积) too many things in our heart.Life should 8. (treat) with special care.We should treasure every moment of sincerity and gratefulness because 9. best things will be gone very easily.If you do not want to have tearing eyes,then just try to smile and hold a positive attitude towards 10. (you) life every day!?
答案及剖析:
1.memories 考查名词复数。青春似乎在我的心中消逝,只留给我一些难以忘怀的记忆。根据 some unforgettable 可知,有许多令人难忘的记忆,所以要用复数memories。
2.actually 考查副词。事实上,那些我们认为会永远存在的事情在我们意识到之前实际上已经过去了。分析句子可知,本句中的空格处在句子中作状语修饰gone,因此要用副词形式,故用actually。
3.which 考查非限制性定语从句。分析This is youth, is indeed an endless cycle from familiarity to strangeness and from strangeness to familiarity可知,本句中的youth是先行词,在非限制性定语从句中作主语,故用which。这就是青春,从熟悉到陌生,从陌生到熟悉,这是一个无止境的循环。?
4.until/before/unless 考查连词。分析句子可知,是说人在失去某些东西时/之后才会知道忽略了它。故可填until/before/unless。
5.have gained 考查谓语动词。根据后面“but also we have lost a lot.”可知,表示已收获了很多的同时也失去了很多,表示动作已完成,故填have gained。
6.to achieve 考查固定句式。It is +形容词+to do sth.,为固定句式,这种句式中的it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。然而,我们很快意识到要实现它们是很困难的。故本题填to achieve。
7.solution 考查名词。分析句子So,silence becomes the best (solve) to all difficulties and hardships.可知,本句中的空格处被the best修饰,可知本题要填名词,故用solve的名词solution。因此,沉默是解决所有困难和艰辛的最好办法。?
8.be treated 考查被动语态。分析句子Life should (treat)...可知Life 是应该特别小心(被)对待。所以要用被动。而should 后要用动词原形,故填 be treated。?
9.the 考查冠词。分析 best things可知,形容词最高级前要用定冠词the,故本题填the。?
10.your 考查代词。分析句子If you do not want to have tearing eyes...hold a positive attitude towards (you) life every day!可知如果你不想流泪,那就试着微笑,每天积极面对生活。因为要修饰名词life,故用形容词性物主代词your。?
Ⅲ.短文改错(2018高考英语原创押题预测卷)
My favorite proverb is “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”It mean that true friends always come to you when you’re in trouble.Last term,my father met with a traffic accident,but his right leg got injured seriously.Consequently,he received the operation and I had to look after him in the hospital.Learned about this,Li Lei was offered to take care of my father without hesitation.He also helped me make up for my missing lessons.Thank to his help and inspiration,I went through the difficulty period and regained confidence.However,a true friend always spares no effort help you when you are in trouble.We all should try to make so good friends.
答案:My favorite proverb is “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”It that true friends always come to you when you’re in trouble.Last term,my father met with a traffic accident,his right leg got injured seriously.Consequently,he received operation and I had to look after him in the hospital. about this,Li Lei offered to take care of my father without hesitation.He also helped me make up for my missing lessons.to his help and inspiration,I went through the period and regained confidence.,a true friend always spares no effort help you when you are in trouble.We all should try to make good friends.
剖析:考查动词的第三人称单数的用法。It在句中作主语,指代上文的谚语“A friend in need is a friend indeed”,谓语动词用单数,并且句子是一般现在时,所以mean 要用第三人称单数形式,故将mean 改为means。
考查连词。前面说到“我父亲遇到车祸”,后面提到“他的右腿受伤严重”,所以前后应该是递进关系,而不是转折关系,故将but改为and。
考查冠词。因为“我父亲腿部受伤”,所以接受了一个手术。第一次提到手术,要用an,不用定冠词the,故将the 改为an。
考查非谓语动词。本句中句子的主语应该是后面的Li Lei,和learn为主动关系,所以应该使用learn 的主动形式,也就是说要用现在分词,而不是过去分词。故将Learned 改为Learning。
考查动词语态。这里是李雷主动提出照顾“我父亲”,所以应该用主动语态,故将offered前面的was 去掉。
考查固定搭配。thanks to 是固定搭配,所以要在Thank 后面加上s,故将Thank 改为Thanks。
考查形容词的用法。这里应该用形容词修饰名词period,指“困难的时期”,所以应该将名词difficulty 改为形容词形式difficult。
考查副词的用法。此处是承接、总结前面的话,所以前后应该是因果关系,故将However 改为Therefore。
考查非谓语动词。spare no effort to do 是固定短语,意思是“不遗余力做某事”,所以要在help 之前加上to。
so修饰形容词或副词,such 修饰单数或复数名词。friends 是复数名词,所以应该用such 修饰,故将so 改为such。
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