(共15张PPT)
单元知识检测
教材回扣
Ⅰ.用本单元所学短语完成句子
答案:1.dating back to 2.held our breath 3.try out
1.The old man bought an old vase (追溯到)
the Ming Dynasty.?
2.When the headmaster was announcing the result, all of us
(屏住呼吸).?
3.Let’s (试用) your method.It’s very good.?
4.They will hold a meeting to discuss something .
(与……相联系) education.?
5.When she turned around,she found that he was .
(注视)her.
答案:4.related to 5.fixing his eyes on
Ⅱ.课文缩写填空
Xu Beihong was important in modern Chinese folk art.He developed the tradition of combining 1. (poet) with painting.His famous painting is Racing Horse.He used different 2. (shade) of grey in a creative way to show the sweat along the horse’s body.The painting of dark and light colors is a favorite of many art lovers.Qi Baishi was one of China’s greatest 3. (painter).He worked with wood during his early 4. (young).Then his interest changed to simple pictures from everyday life,such as vegetables,flowers,birds,and insects.Qi Baishi’s style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and makes them use their imagination.Chen Yifei was a very 5. (success)artist.His soft portraits of beautiful women are very 6. (value).His painting,Poppy,is a typical example of Chen’s style.In the painting,a young woman sits alone and is deep 7. thought.Her hand holding the fan is 8. (elegant) positioned above her knees.9. (emphasise) the woman even more,Chen adds a lot of details to the fan and the cloth of her dress,and chooses to paint the background behind 10. woman black.?
答案:1.poetry 2.shades 3.painters 4.youth 5.successful 6.valuable 7.in 8.elegantly 9.To emphasise 10.the
语境活用
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
答案:1.wanting 2.whose 3.imagination
1.This newness just left me (want) more.
(2017全国Ⅰ,完形填空)?
2.The professor, son is studying abroad,has a strange way to
make his lessons interesting.?
3.With just a little (imagine),you could turn this place
into a palace.?
4.He asked me not to mention this (pain) experience any
more.?
5.Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are (type)
of American actors.(2017全国Ⅱ,阅读理解B)?
6.There was a heavy rain that day, (ruin) our weekend.?
答案:4.painful 5.typical 6.ruining
7.The woman was (mercy) and often helped those in need.?
8.He was (elegant) dressed in a grey suit,blue shirt and
paisley tie.?
9.I often turn to my teacher for some (value) advice.?
10.After a heated discussion,they came to a final (conclude).
答案:7.merciful 8.elegantly 9.valuable 10.conclusion
答案:1.将that改为which 2.去掉my 3.将pains改为pain
Ⅱ.单句语法改错
1.In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in
their garden,that is on the rooftop of their house.
(2017全国Ⅱ,短文改错)
2.By mile 17, I became out of my breath and the once injured ankle
hurt badly.(2018北京,阅读理解A)
3.It’s clear that the old man is in great pains now.
4.It was typical for her to keep others waiting.
5.He is cruel and has no mercy to the disabled.
6.You mustn’t leave the water run all the time.
7.The guide told us that was an old temple dated back to the Yuan
Dynasty.
答案:4.将for改为of 5.将to改为on 6.将run改为running 7.将dated改为dating
8.The girl had a narrowly escape while she was on a trip.
9.To be honest, I don’t like the way in that most parents treat
their children.
10.He stood there with his eyes fix on the picture.
答案:8.将narrowly改为narrow 9.去掉in或者将that改为which 10.将fix改为fixed
微写作
1.上周日我和妈妈去展览会了,看到了一些新发现的雕像。
答案:1.Last Sunday my mother and I went to an exhibition and saw some newly discovered sculptures.
(借助过渡性词语或句子就能把5个句子连接成一篇小短文)
? ?
2.然而,有些雕像那么抽象以至于我们看不懂。
答案:2.However,some sculptures were so abstract that we couldn’t understand them.
3.Some of the sculptures date back to the Yuan Dynasty.
? ?
3.其中一些雕像可以追溯到元朝。
? ?
4.妈妈盯着一个雕像,很想知道它是用什么工具雕刻而成的。
答案:4.My mother fixed her eyes on a sculpture,wondering what tools it was carved with.
5.We were impressed by those sculptors’ imagination.
? ?
? ?
5.我们都对那些雕刻家的想象力印象非常深刻。
连句成篇:
Last Sunday my mother and I went to an exhibition and saw some newly discovered sculptures.However,some sculptures were so abstract that we couldn’t understand them,for some of the sculptures date back to the Yuan Dynasty.My mother fixed her eyes on a sculpture,wondering what tools it was carved with.In a word,we were impressed by those sculptors’ imagination.
(共36张PPT)
Unit 6 Design
基础知识·梳理
考点知识·导练
基础知识·梳理 抓主干·固双基
imagination
1. n.想像;想像力
vt.想像
2. n.痛苦;疼,痛
adj.疼痛的,令人不快的
3. adj.典型的
adv.典型地
4. n.慈悲,同情心
adj.仁慈的,宽恕的
imagine
pain
painful
typical
typically
mercy
merciful
单
词
拓
展
5. n.结论;结束
v.结论
6. n.展览会
v.展览
7. adj.贵重的,有价值的
n.价值 v.重视
8. adj.宗教的;虔诚的
n.宗教
9. adv.优雅地
adj.优美的
conclusion
conclude
exhibition
exhibit
valuable
value
religious
religion
elegantly
elegant
单
词
拓
展
10. n.阴影,阴暗处;(色彩的)浓淡
vt.遮住光线
11. vt. 毁坏,毁灭 n.废墟
12. n.目的,意图
13. adj.抽象的,深奥的
14. adj.直的 adv.直,直接
15. n.青春;年轻人
16. n.动物;(有特性或特质的)人
17. adj.浅的
shade
ruin
purpose
abstract
straight
youth
creature
shallow
单
词
拓
展
18. adj. 潮湿的
19. n.式样,模式
20. adv. 在市区,往市区
adj. 市区的
21.architect n. .
22.jewellery n. .
23.narrow adj. .
damp
pattern
downtown
建筑师
(总称)珠宝
狭窄的
单
词
拓
展
1.fix one’s eyes 注视,凝视
2.date back 追溯到
3.relate 把……与……联系起来
4.try 试用,试验
5.hold one’s 屏住呼吸
6.sort 有几分地
on
to
to
out
breath
of
短
语
记
忆
1.Qi Baishi’s style of painting often the audience
and makes them use their imagination.齐白石的绘
画作品常给观赏者留出运用想像力解读其内涵的余地。
2. a small garage for the car we don’t own
yet and a small yard that looks smaller between the two
buildings on either side.房子后面有一间小车库,可我们现在还没
有车。有一个小院子,夹在两边的高楼中显得更小。
3.But the house on Mango Street is not they described
it at all.但是芒果街上的房子根本不是他们所描述的那样。
leaves
guessing
Out
back
is
the
way
句
型
整
理
考点知识·导练 解疑难·提知能
1.imagination n.想像;想像力
①beyond imagination 难以想像,超出想像
②imagine sth./doing sth.想像某事/做某事
③imagine sb./sth.as/to be 想像……是……
④imagine that...假想……
归纳拓展
高考运用:
①Something beyond (imagine) is happening now.?
②“I can’t imagine (do) anything else with my life.”
Bridges runs dance classes for all ages.(2018全国Ⅲ,七选五)?
③He imagined himself manager of the company.
答案:①imagination ②doing ③as/to be
2.pain n.痛苦,疼,痛;劳苦,努力(常用复数)
①be in (great) pain 疼痛;在苦恼中
②be painful 痛苦的
③take pains to do sth.尽力做某事
④spare no pains (to do) 不遗余力,不辞劳苦,全力以赴
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①painful ②pains
①It was (pain) to see the changes coming over her.?
②We will spare no (pain) to support you.?
写作联想:高考运用②其他表达方式
①We will try our best to support you.
②We will do our best to support you.
③We will do all we can to support you.
④We will make every effort to support you.
3.shade n.阴影,阴暗处
v.遮蔽,为……遮阳
①in the shade 在树阴下;在暗处
②shade...from...使……免受……的照射
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①the ②from
①Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in
shade.?
②Tom put his hands over his eyes to shade them the bright
sun.
词语辨析:
Some flowers do better in shade than in direct sunlight.
有些花在阴凉的地方长得比在阳光直射的地方好。
The building made a shadow across the street.
大楼在街上投下影子。
shade 常作“阴”讲,指阳光被遮挡后出现的阴凉处,如树阴等,无一定的轮廓或边界。
shadow 常作“影”讲,指光线被物体挡住所产生的阴影、影子,有明显的轮廓。
4.typical adj.典型的
①be typical of 是……的特点/典型
②It is typical of sb.to do...某人一向如此;某人一向
愿意做……
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①typical ②to get
①The road novel,the road movie,these are the most (type)
American ideas.(2018浙江,阅读理解C)?
②It was typical of him (get) angry about it.?
5.ruin vt.毁坏,毁灭
n.毁灭,毁坏;废墟,遗址(常用复数)
①ruin oneself毁掉自己
②in ruins 崩溃,破败不堪
③bring sb.to ruin 使某人失败;使某人倾家荡产
④fall/go/come into/to ruin毁灭,灭亡;崩溃;败落
归纳拓展
高考运用:
答案:①in ②fall/go/come into/to ruin
①When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their
neighborhood ruins.(2016北京,阅读理解B)?
②His brother had let the farm (败落).
6.purpose n.目的,意图
①for the purpose of 以……为目的;出于……目的
②with the purpose of 带有……的目的
③on purpose 故意地
归纳拓展
答案:①For this purpose ②with the purpose of ③on purpose
① (为了这个目的),select ripe bananas for
freezing as they are much sweeter.(2018全国Ⅱ,阅读理解B)?
②He returned to his homeland (带
着……的目的) serving his own people.?
③She didn’t break your cup (故意地).
高考运用:
7.mercy n.慈悲,怜悯,同情心
①at the mercy of 任凭……的摆布,完全受……的支配
②have mercy on/upon 对……有怜悯之心
③show mercy to sb.对某人表示宽容
④with/without mercy仁慈地/残忍地
归纳拓展
答案:①at the mercy of ②on/upon
①In the past,some farmers were (任
凭……的摆布) the weather.?
②The judge had mercy the young criminal.
高考运用:
写作联想:高考运用②其他表达方式
①The judge showed mercy to the young criminal.
②The judge had/took pity on the young criminal.
③The judge showed/felt sympathy for the young criminal.
8.fix one’s eyes on注视,凝视
①fix one’s attention on 全神贯注于
②concentrate on 全神贯注于
③pay attention to 注意
④be buried in 专心于
归纳拓展
答案:①on ②fix your attention on ③pay attention to
①It’s not polite to fix your eyes others.?
②You should (全神贯注于) what
you’re doing.?
③In doing our homework,we must (注意)
ways and means.
高考运用:
①You should devote yourself to what you are doing.
②You should focus your mind on what you are doing.
③You should concentrate on what you are doing.
④You should be buried in what you are doing.
写作联想:高考运用②其他表达方式
9.date back (to)追溯(到)
①date from 追溯到;属于某历史时期
②(be/go) out of `date 不再流行的;过时的
③to date 迄今;至今;到目前为止(=by now/till now/up
to now)
④be up to date 现代的;时新的
归纳拓展
答案:①dating ②out of date ③up to date
①It’s said that that’s a monument (date) back over
5,000 years.?
②The idea of using pens and paper to write seems almost .
(过时的).?
③She wears clothes that are right (时新的).
高考运用:
特别提示:date back (to)和date from同义,都无被动语态。
10.relate to 把……与……联系起来;理解;涉及
①relate sth. to sb. 给某人叙述(经历、事实等),讲述
(故事)
②relate...to/with...把……与……联系起来
③be related to 与……有关
归纳拓展
答案:①to ②related
①The report seeks to relate the rise in crime an increase
in unemployment.?
②They will hold a meeting to discuss something (relate) to
education.?
高考运用:
11.try out试用,试验
①try on试穿,试戴
②try for 试图获得或赢得某物
③try one’s best to do sth.竭尽所能做某事
④try out for 参加……选拔
归纳拓展
答案:①trying out ②try on ③tried out for
①When he was a child,he was always (试验) some
new ideas.?
②You should (试穿) the coat before buying it.?
③These teams (参加……选拔) the 2016
Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro,Brazil.
高考运用:
12.hold one’s breath屏住呼吸
①draw/take a deep breath深吸一口气
②lose one’s breath喘不过气来
③catch one’s breath喘口气
④out of breath气喘吁吁,上气不接下气
归纳拓展
答案:①held its breath ②took/drew a deep breath ③out of breath
①The cat (屏住呼吸) while it was getting
near the mouse.?
②I walked to his office, (深吸一
口气),and opened the door.?
③When they reached the top,they were all (上
气不接下气).?
高考运用:
13.Qi Baishi’s style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and
makes them use their imagination.齐白石的绘画作品常给观赏者留出运用想像力
解读其内涵的余地。
leave+宾语+
“leaves the audience guessing”,此处guessing是现在分词,作leaves的宾语补足语。leave表示“使/让(某人/某事物)处于某状态、某地”等,其后可跟复合宾语结构。
归纳拓展
答案:①leave the door open ②touched ③thinking
①Will you (让门开着) when you
go out??
②The moving story left the woman (touch).?
③What he said left me (think) deeply.
高考运用:
Unit 6 Design
能力提升题组训练(A)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
The space shuttle Columbia flared and broke up in the skies over Texas on Saturday,February 1,2003,killing the seven astronauts on board in what NASA(美国宇航局) and President Bush called a tragedy for the entire nation.NASA launched an investigation into the disaster and began searching for the astronauts’ remains.It said that although there had been some data failures it was too early to nail down a precise cause.The break-up,16 minutes before the shuttle was due to land at Kennedy Space Center in Florida,spread possibly toxic debris(有毒的残骸) over a wide swath of Texas and neighboring states.
Dramatic television images of the shuttle’s descent clearly showed several white trails(痕迹) streaking through blue skies after the shuttle suddenly fell apart.It was almost 17 years to the day that the Challenger shuttle exploded on Jan.28,1986,killing all seven astronauts on board.
Take-off and re-entry into Earth’s atmosphere are the most dangerous parts of a space mission.In 42 years of US’ human space flight,there had never been an accident in the descent to Earth or landing.Challenger exploded just after take-off.
Rescue teams scrambled to search for the remains of the crew,which included the first Israeli to fly on the shuttle,former combat pilot Col.Ilan Ramon.There were warnings that parts of a vast 120-mile-long corridor of debris could be toxic because of poisonous rocket propellant(推进剂).
“We are not ready to confirm that we have found any human remains,” Nacogdoches County Sheriff Thomas Kerrs said.He added that among the roughly 1,000 calls reporting debris,some people said they found remains of crew members.
“The Columbia is lost.There are no survivors...Their mission was almost complete and we lost them so close to home...America’s space program will go on,” said a grim-faced Bush in a message broadcast on television,which included condolences to the families of the dead astronauts.
1.The underlined word “descent” in the passage means .?
A.taking off B.landing C.orbiting D.walking down
2.Which is true of the Israeli astronaut Ilan Ramon?
A.He was the first Israeli astronaut to fly on the shuttle.
B.He was the first foreign astronaut to fly on the American shuttle.
C.He used to be a passenger plane pilot.
D.He was the only survivor in the Columbia disaster.
3.The Columbia disaster and the Challenger disaster were similar in that .?
A.there were seven astronauts killed on board
B.both the shuttles exploded when they took off
C.both the shuttles exploded when they were about to land
D.no human remains were found
4.Which of the following is wrong according to the news?
A.The U.S.A.will give up the space program because of the accident.
B.NASA hasn’t found the cause of the Columbia disaster.
C.Before the Columbia disaster,no shuttles had exploded in the course of landing.
D.Take-off and re-entry into Earth’s atmosphere are the most dangerous parts of a space mission.
语篇解读:本文讲述了美国航天飞机“哥伦比亚”号失事的情况。
答案及剖析:
1.B 词义猜测题。第三段第二句中的in the descent to Earth or landing中的landing 即是对 descent的解释。
2.A 细节理解题。从第四段第一句中的which included the first Israeli to fly on the shuttle,former combat pilot Col.Ilan Ramon.可以知道,Ilan Ramon是以色列第一位乘坐航天飞机的宇航员。
3.A 细节理解题。从文中可以了解到两起灾难都有7位宇航员丧生。“挑战者”号是在升空时失事的,而“哥伦比亚”号是在返回地面的过程中失事的,故可排除B 和 C。而选项 D 与原文不符,故选 A。
4.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的America’s space program will go on 可知选项 A错误。
Ⅱ.七选五(2018安徽江淮十校三模试题)
Teens are certainly confusing and complicated,but there is one thing that’s clear about them: More than anything else,they want to fit in with their peers.They want and need to stay connected.Without connection,they feel lonely,anxious and sad,1. .?
Teens,like adults,run into all sorts of dilemmas with their friends.Friendships are neither all good nor all bad.As an adult,you have experience with these sorts of friends and have made your own adjustments in these relationships.Given both your own life experience and your concern for your teens,you’re in an excellent position to help your teens set boundaries with friends.Certainly,some friendships are worth maintaining,while some are not,2. .There are many ways you can help your teens handle these relationships effectively.Here are some steps I would suggest taking:?
1.Teach your teens to label their feelings.They need to know what it is that they are feeling first to effectively set limits and boundaries with friends.Help them label setbacks,exhaustion,disappointment and anger.This is no small task.Many kids struggle with labeling their feelings.
2.3. .If they sense that something is wrong in a friendship,they’re probably right,and they need to quit it as soon as possible.?
3.Explain to your teens that they can’t be all things to all friends.And let them know that friendships are most likely to grow and continue if they feel good about them.
4.Discuss different ways to set boundaries.Explain to your kids that just as it makes sense to say yes at times,4. .Just as it’s fine to spend lots of time with a friend during the week,it’s equally OK to spend less time with the same friend when that friend is being too demanding or needy.?
5.Look at your behavior in relationships.5. .They are quietly watching your every move.So make sure you’re setting a good example for them to follow in your relationships as well.?
A.so they need to tell what are right relationships
B.and they shall find their way out of those friendships
C.Keep in mind that you are your teens’ most important role model
D.Remind your teens of bad relationships
E.it’s also socially acceptable to say no at other times
F.Encourage your teens to mind their feelings and follow the sixth sense
G.but they may get exhausted by their friendships as well
答案:1—5 GBFEC
Ⅲ.完形填空
Last year,my 80-year-old father arrived for his regular two-week visit at my home.While with us,he wanted to 1 his morning walk that he had stuck to for ten years.?
The nearest park is a two-kilometer walk from our house.I could not drive him there every day 2 I had to leave for the office at the same time he wanted to 3 .In view of the heavy traffic in the morning,I suggested it would be 4 if he changed his 5 time to the evening.That way I could take him to the park after work. 6 ,my father said that he could not 7 his routine for just a few days and insisted that he would be leaving the house every day at 7 am and returning by 8 am.?
One day when my father had not 8 by 8:30 am,my wife phoned me at the office in a panic. 9 ,I immediately drove home,taking the same route that my father would have taken for his walk.?
Not 10 him anywhere,I went to the police station to report my father’s 11 .The officer advised me to 12 until midday before filing the report.Since it was only 10 am,I returned home and waited 13 .At 10:35 am the doorbell rang and I was 14 to see my father standing there smiling, 15 by a young man on a motorbike.The young man told me that my father had 16 his way while returning from the park.The only 17 he could provide was that my house was near the park and made of red brick.?
With much effort,and almost two hours of 18 ,the young man was able to locate my 19 .I expressed my thanks and invited him inside to join us for a cup of tea.But he 20 and left us even without sharing his name.?
1.A.stop B.delay C.continue D.introduce
2.A.as B.if C.so D.though
3.A.stand up B.come back C.move on D.set out
4.A.quicker B.safer C.shorter D.cheaper
5.A.show B.visiting C.walk D.vacation
6.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.However D.Besides
7.A.follow B.change C.perform D.establish
8.A.started B.passed C.returned D.left
9.A.Tired B.Ashamed C.Worried D.Disappointed
10.A.troubling B.facing C.joining D.spotting
11.A.arrival B.mistake C.routine D.disappearance
12.A.wait B.report C.seek D.phone
13.A.peacefully B.confidently C.impatiently D.breathlessly
14.A.shocked B.curious C.overjoyed D.afraid
15.A.tracked B.caught C.encouraged D.accompanied
16.A.lost B.found C.pushed D.made
17.A.request B.praise C.statement D.description
18.A.training B.traveling C.searching D.circling
19.A.office B.house C.park D.station
20.A.denied B.refused C.escaped D.failed
语篇解读:本文是记叙文。作者八十岁的老父亲外出散步迷路,几经周折,在一位年轻人的帮助下父亲终于回到了家。
答案及剖析:
1.C 由his morning walk that he had stuck to for ten years可知,与“我”短暂相聚的八十岁老父亲想要“继续(continue)”他坚持了十年的清晨散步的习惯。
2.A 3.D “我出门上班的时间刚好是父亲准备‘动身(set out)’散步的时间”与“我无法每天开车送父亲去公园”之间是因果关系,故选用as。
4.B 5.C 由上文的his morning walk和the heavy traffic in the morning可知,鉴于早晨交通拥挤,“我”认为如果父亲把“散步(walk)”的时间从早上改到晚上会“更安全(safer)”,这样的话“我”可以下班以后送他到公园。
6.C “我建议父亲改变出门散步的时间”和“父亲坚持早上七点出门散步”之间是转折关系,故用However。
7.B 由下文的insisted that he would be leaving the house every day at 7 am可知,父亲不愿意“改变(change)”他的习惯。
8.C 由上文的insisted that he would...returning by 8 am可知,原本每天会在早上八点回到家的父亲,有一天,八点半了还没有“回来(returned)”。
9.C 由上文的my wife phoned me at the office in a panic和下文的I immediately drove home可知,年迈的父亲没有按时回家让“我”很“担忧(Worried)”。
10.D 11.D 由上文的I immediately drove home,taking the same route that my father would have taken for his walk可知,“我”沿着父亲散步的路线寻找,但哪儿也没“看到(spotting)”他,于是“我”去警察局报关于父亲“失踪(disappearance)”的案。
12.A 由下文的Since it was only 10 am,I returned home and waited可知,警察建议如果到中午父亲还没回来才可以报案,因此中午之前“我”都需要“等待(wait)”。
13.C 年迈的父亲失踪,警察又让过了中午才能报案,“我”自然是“焦急地(impatiently)”等待。
14.C 看到没能按时回家的父亲笑嘻嘻地站在门口,“我”应该是“欣喜若狂(overjoyed)”。
15.D 由下文的the young man was able to locate...可知,父亲是在一位骑着摩托的年轻人的“陪同下(accompanied)”找回家的。
16.A 由下文父亲只记得“我”家大概的位置可知,父亲没有按时回到家是因为“迷(lost)”了路。
17.D 由下文的With much effort,and almost two hours可知,迷路的父亲能提供的关于“我”家唯一的“描述(description)”是公园附近红色砖盖的房子。
18.C 19.B 父亲提供的关于“我”家的描述极为有限,年轻人只能是花时间“寻找(searching)”,好在最终找到了“我”“家(house)”。
20.B 由But一词的转折和left us even without sharing his name可知,这位好心的年轻人“拒绝(refused)”了“我”邀请他进门喝茶的好意。
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Unit 6 Design
能力提升题组训练(B)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Before the invention of air conditioning,it was really hard to cool things.You had to take something that was very cold and move it to places that were hot.The early 19th-century business of New England companies shipped large carved ice cubes around the country.And there were fascinating problems.For example,when the bodies of water that supplied the ice started getting polluted,the pollutants would be trapped in the pieces of ice.When they melted at their destination,the air was filled with unpleasant smells.There were even scarcities of ice during mild winters.
In the beginning,it wasn’t the heat but the humidity that started the invention of air conditioning.In 1902,the workers at the Printing Company in New York City were fed up with the warm and damp summer air,which kept their paper out of shape and ruined their print.To fix the problem,they needed a humidity-control system.The challenge fell to a young engineer named Willis Carrier.He designed a system to circulate (循环) air.The machine worked beautifully,relieving the humidity and allowing New York’s printing companies to print without fear of sweaty pages and runny (过稀的) ink.
But Carrier had a bigger idea.He recognized that a weather-making device to control humidity had even more potential to control heat.He went on to manufacture the first modern air conditioning unit at the Carrier Corporation,which is still one of the largest HVAC manufacturers in the world.Air conditioning went on to change far more than modern printing—it shaped global productivity,migration,and even politics.
Places like Singapore City and Shanghai are miserable when they’re hot and humid,but today they are large and important cities in the world.There are studies saying that human productivity peaks around 70 degrees.That means that air conditioning made us more productive and it allows people to work longer and keep making the world a rich place.However,there is also the dark side of air conditioning.
1.What does the underlined word “scarcities” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A.Blocks. B.Supplies. C.Threats. D.Shortages.
2.What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A.What led to the invention of air conditioning.
B.How Carrier invented the first air conditioning.
C.The poor working conditions without air conditioning.
D.The difficulties Carrier faced when inventing air conditioning.
3.Which statement about air conditioning may the author agree with?
A.It couldn’t control heat in the early 20th century.
B.It gives out unpleasant smells when functioning.
C.It reshapes the US and even the world.
D.It was invented in the 19th century.
4.What may be discussed in the following paragraph?
A.The disadvantages of air conditioning.
B.The working principles of air conditioning.
C.How air conditioning invents the modern world.
D.Why air conditioning improves human productivity.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了空调的由来。
答案及剖析:
1.D 词义猜测题。根据上文提到的人们借助冰块来使物体降温的内容和“there were fascinating problems”及画线词后面的“of ice during mild winters”可知,此处说的应该是人们遇到的某个问题,冬季比较温和的话,水就很难结成冰,冰块自然就会短缺。由此可知,画线词的意思应是“缺乏,不足”,与shortage的含义相近,故选D。
2.A 段落大意题。根据第二段的内容,尤其是“In the beginning,it wasn’t the heat but the humidity that started the invention of air conditioning.In 1902,the workers at the Printing Company in New York City were fed up with the warm and damp summer air...The challenge fell to a young engineer named Willis Carrier.He designed a system to circulate (循环) air”可知,纽约印刷公司的员工为潮湿闷热的天气使他们的纸变形、字迹模糊不清而苦恼,为了解决这个问题,Carrier设计了使空气流通的系统。由此可知,本段主要讲是什么使得Carrier研发了空调。故选A。
3.C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Air conditioning went on to change far more than modern printing—it shaped global productivity,migration,and even politics”及最后一段中的“Places like Singapore City and Shanghai are miserable when they’re hot and humid,but today they are large and important cities in the world”“keep making the world a rich place”可知,空调影响着人们生活的许多方面,它不仅重新塑造了美国,甚至重新塑造了世界。故选C。
4.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句话“However,there is also the dark side of air conditioning”可知,接下来作者可能会谈及空调的消极影响。故选A。
B
(2018黑龙江齐齐哈尔高三一模)
Taking on the task of producing a short movie might seem like an impossible feat,but if you can assemble a good team and if you break down each stage of production into small blocks of tasks,you’ll come to realize that producing a small-scale movie isn’t too bad.Just follow these steps and you’ll be on your way to Kevin Smith-like fame in no time.
Assemble a production crew.If you run out of friends or people you can get to work for screen credit and offer people “points”,which is a percentage of the movie profits.
Get a director of photography.You need someone who knows a lot about film cameras to make the movie come out right.Local film schools are the best places to find them.
Assemble the props and costumes.Costume shops and local theater groups can definitely help you here.But you can also borrow from friends and family or check out thrift stores for bargains.
Choose filming locations.Make sure you have permission from the owners of the property you choose to film on.
Get the film processed.Find the right processor with the help of your director of photography.You may need to send the film to Los Angeles for this.
Edit the film.You need to find someone who can transfer your film to video and arrange the completed scenes in the right order.You can likely find one in the same place as your director of photography.
Obviously,this is just a basic overview—the thing about producing a short independent movie is that the whole process is unpredictable.You can only set yourself up for the basics,but as long as you know things will go wrong every day,at least you’ll be prepared to deal with the difficulties.
5.What can we know about directors of photography?
A.They must be from film schools. B.They know everything about films.
C.They can send films to Los Angeles. D.They can help get the right processor.
6.Where can you most probably find a person to edit the film?
A.Los Angeles. B.Costume shops.
C.Local film schools. D.Local theaters.
7.What does the author agree with?
A.All the process of film-making is quite controllable.
B.We should make full preparations before film-making.
C.Producing an independent movie is an impossible task.
D.Following the steps,you must become a famous director.
8.What may be the best title for the text?
A.How to be a good director B.How to produce a short film
C.Secrets of being a successful director D.Methods of making your film a hit
语篇解读:本文是说明文,在文中作者介绍了成功拍摄小型电影的几个步骤。
答案及剖析:
5.D 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的Find the right processor with the help of your director of photography.可知答案选D。
6.C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的Get a director of photography...Local film schools are the best places to find them.及Edit the film...You can likely find one in the same place as your director of photography.可知选C。
7.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的You can only set yourself up for the basics,but as long as you know things will go wrong every day,at least you’ll be prepared to deal with the difficulties.可知,作者认为拍电影之前要为基本的事情做好准备,才能准备好应对遇到的困难。故选B。
8.B 标题归纳题。文中作者介绍了能帮助小型电影拍摄成功的几个步骤,B项能概括全文内容,适合作为标题。故选B。
Ⅱ.语法填空(2018湖南师大附中高三一模)
A graduation speech given by Chief Justice John Roberts became a talking point after The Washington Post published it.
Roberts 1. (address)his son’s ninth grade graduating class.He advised the young graduates 2. (take)life’s setbacks in their stride(从容地).But he did not wish 3. (they)good luck.?
“Now,the speakers will typically also wish you good luck and extend good
4. (wish) to you.I will not do that,and I will tell you why,” Roberts said.?
“From time to time,in the years to come,I hope you will be treated
5. (unfair),so that you will come to know the value of justice.Sorry to say,but I hope you will be lonely from time to time,so that you don’t take friends 6. granted.I wish you bad luck again,from time to time,so that you will be conscious of the role of chance in life and understand your success is not completely deserved and 7. the failure of others is not completely deserved either.”?
He continued,“I hope you 8. (ignore),so you know the importance of listening to others,9. I hope you will have just enough pain to learn compassion.”?
In the end,each graduate received a pocket-size copy of the Constitution
10. (sign) by Roberts.?
答案及剖析:
1.addressed 考查时态。表示发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时,所以填addressed。
2.to take 考查非谓语动词。advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事,所以填to take。
3.them 考查代词。作wish的宾语,用宾格,所以填them。
4.wishes 考查名词复数。固定用法:good wishes表示“美好的祝福”,是复数意义,所以填wishes。
5.unfairly 考查副词。修饰动词treated,用副词,所以填unfairly。
6.for 考查介词。take sb./sth .for granted认为某人/某事是理所当然的,所以填for。
7.that 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处是一个宾语从句作understand的宾语,and 连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时,第一个that可以省略也可以不省,但其他不能省略,所以填that。
8.will be ignored 考查时态和语态。主语you和ignore之间是被动关系,用被动语态,且表示将来发生的事情,故用一般将来时,所以填will be ignored。
9.and 考查连词。I hope you 8. (ignore),so you know the importance of listening to others与I hope you will have just enough pain to learn compassion.之间是并列关系,所以填and。?
10.signed 考查非谓语动词。the Constitution 与sign之间是被动关系,用过去分词作后置定语,所以填signed。
Ⅲ.书面表达(2018黑龙江齐齐哈尔高三二模)
假定你是李华,来自澳大利亚的交换生Tom在周末逛街时,发现很多商铺门上有过年时贴的春联。他对此非常感兴趣,想进一步了解贴春联(spring couplets)这一中国春节习俗。请根据提示给他写一封电子邮件,内容包括:
1.介绍贴春联的习俗(时间、地点、内容、意义等);
2.其他。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
I’m glad that you are greatly interested in the Chinese spring couplets.?
?
?
?
?
?
Yours,
Li Hua
One possible version:
Dear Tom,
I’m glad that you are greatly interested in the Chinese spring couplets. Therefore,I’m writing to tell you something about the spring couplets.
As the Spring Festival draws near,the Chinese people are accustomed to putting up couplets on the doors to welcome the New Year.This tradition came into existence thousands of years ago.The couplets are usually written on red paper to present an atmosphere of happiness.Besides,what is written in the couplets always conveys people’s good hopes and wishes in the coming new year.
China is a great country with a long history and rich cultures.Travel to more places in China and you will learn more about her and her cultures.
Yours,
Li Hua
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