（人教版）高中英语必修2：第4-5单元总结与复习

人教版必修2Unit 4-5复习与巩固
学习目标
重点词句
说明：重点单词短语在各个单元的重点词汇中已经详细讲过，在复习单元不再重复，只就容易用错的部分进行提示和补充。
Unit 4: protection, wild, decrease, loss, reserve, hunt, respond, distant, relief, mercy, certain, importance, rub, contain, powerful, affect, attention, appreciate, succeed, secure, income, employ, harm, bite, inspect, incident, fierce, ending
Unit 5: roll, folk, pretend, attach, form, passer-by, earn, extra, instrument, perform, cash, rely, broadcast, humorous, familiar, attractive, addition, dip, confident, brief, devotion, afterwards, invitation, beard, sensitive, painful

Unit 4: die out, in peace, in danger (of), in relief, burst into laugher, protect…from, pay attention to, come into being, according to, so that
Unit 5: dream of, to be honest, attach…to, in cash, play jokes on, rely on, be/get familiar with, or so, break up, in addition, sort out, above all
谈论意愿和目的的句型
提出建议和表达爱好的句型
重点语法：
现在进行时的被动语态；“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句
综合运用
完形填空之线索（一）
重点词句
protect
【点拨】protect vt. 保护,保卫
protect…from/against 保护……免遭……
protect against attack 保护……免受袭击
protect sb from danger 保护某人免遭危险
protect with shield 用盾保护…
They tried their best to protect home industries.
他们尽全力保护国内工业。
This medicine will protect you against a return of the illness.
这种药会防止你的疾病复发。
He raised his arm to protect his face from the blow.
他抬起手臂保护脸免受打击。
relief
【点拨】relief n. (痛苦等)缓解,减轻,解除；动词为relieve。
provide relief for refugees救济难民
A doctor's task is to work for the relief of patient's suffering.
医生的工作是解除病人的痛苦。
They send relief to those who made homeless by floods.
他们给水灾中无家可归的人发送救援物资。
This medicine will help to relieve you from your pain.
这种药将帮助你解除疼痛。
respond
【点拨】respond vi. vt. 回答; 回报; 响应；反应，有效果，指用言语或行动对某事情做出有效的、良好的反应,往往用于书面或口头上的答复,引申可表示“有反应”“有影响”。
respond to the call 响应号召
respond with a kick 回踢一脚
They responded my joke by laughing.
他们对我的笑话报以大笑。
response n.响应；反应；回答
hunt
【点拨】hunt vt. & vi. 打猎,寻找,追捕；n. 打猎,猎取；寻找
hunt after 追猎(某动物); 追逐(某物)
hunt for 猎取……，寻找某人（某物）
hunt through 把……找遍
The natives live by hunting for their food.
当地人以猎取野兽为食。
secure
【点拨】secure vt. 握紧,关牢; 使安全; adj.牢固的,可靠的;有把握的,确切的
secure against (from) 保护……使免于
You cannot secure yourself against all risks and dangers.
人有旦夕祸福,天有不测风云。
He will secure that there shall be no difficulty.
他将保证不再出现任何困难。
employ
【点拨】employ vt. 雇用, 利用
The factory employed 600 hands.
该工厂雇用600人。
He employed his spare time reading novels.
他利用空余时间读小说。
The police employed force to open the door.
警察破门而入。
注意：employ的宾语是人, hire的宾语可以是人,也可以是物。
The new road will employ thousands of men.
修这条新路要用成千上万的人。
During the holiday we hired a boat and went fishing.
假期我们租了一条船去钓鱼。
inspect
【点拨】inspect vt. 检查,视察
inspect the troops 检阅部队
The customs officer inspected my passport suspiciously.
海关官员颇为怀疑地检查了我的护照。
bite
【点拨】bite (bit, bitten) vt. & vi. 咬; (昆虫)叮,蛰
bite at 向……咬过去，叫骂，上当
He bites at anyone when he is mad. 他发起火来谁都骂。
They are too knowing to bite at such a bait.
他们很老练,不上这种当。
folk
【点拨】folk n.人们, 指某一种族、民族或具有某种共同生活方式的普通人; 是集合名词；folk还可以作“民谣”。folk adj. 民间的，普通的
The folk(s) in the town are friendly.那个镇上的人很友善。
Do you prefer folk or jazz? 你喜欢民谣还是爵士乐?
rely
【点拨】rely vi. 信任,信赖；依靠
rely on doing 指望，依靠
Don't rely on going to Japan.别指望你能去日本。
rely on/upon sb. (to do sth.) 依赖某人（(做某事)
We can rely on our children to do such work.
这样的工作我们可以放心地让孩子们去做。
familiar
【点拨】familiar adj. 熟悉的,通晓的，没有比较级和最高级。
familiar with English 通晓英语
familiar to 为……所熟悉
English is familiar to me.英语为我所熟悉。
familiar with 熟悉的；熟悉的
I'm familiar with his character. 我很了解他的性格。
brief
【点拨】brief n. 概要,摘要; adj.短暂的,短时间的；简洁的,简短的，只用于时间而不用于距离。
To begin with, I'd like to tell in brief the importance of the work.
首先,我想简要谈谈这项工作的重要性。
brief note 便条
brief resume 简历
to be brief 简言之
according to
【点拨】according to根据，按照
according to sb. 根据某人（的看法）
They both played the game according to the rules.
他们两个都按照那些规则进行了这场游戏。
According to my daughter it was the earthquakes that drove him mad.
按照我女儿的说法，使他精神失常的是那地震。
pay attention to
【点拨】pay attention to注意；重视
pay more attention to 更注重; 更加注意; 更加注意到
pay little attention to 几乎没有注意; 没太在意
pay increasing attention to 越来越注意
In doing our work, we must pay attention to ways and means.
做工作应注意方式方法。
attach to
【点拨】attach to 使贴〔系,粘〕在……
He attached his horse to a tree.
他把马系在一棵树上。
The picture is attached to the wall by a nail.
这张图画被钉子钉在墙上。
No suspicion attaches to him.
他无可怀疑。
I don't attach any importance to the statement made by him.
我认为他的声明并不重要。
He is greatly attached to his children.
他非常喜爱他的孩子。
or so
【点拨】or so 大约
The typewriter remained in good condition after having been used for ten years or so.
这台打字机用了大约十年了，还这么好。
sort out
【点拨】sort out分类,整理；整顿,解决
She spent an afternoon sorting out her coins and stamps.
她花了一个下午来整理她收藏的钱币和邮票。
Have you sorted out how to get there yet?
你解决了怎么到那里的问题了吗?
above all
【点拨】above all首先；尤其是
Never waste anything, and above all never waste time.
任何东西都不要浪费，尤其是时间。
Above all, we should recognize our strengths and weaknesses.
首先，我们应该认识自己的优点和缺点。
重点语法：
现在进行时的被动语态
现在进行时的被动语态表示此时此刻某事正在被做。The sports meeting is being held in our school.我校正在举行运动会。Another bridge is being built over the Changjiang River.长江上正在修建另一座大桥.构成：be + being+过去分词A number of Dongfeng trucks are being shipped abroad.一批东风卡车正被运往国外.用法注意：1.“be being done”中的动词be应随主语的单复数作相应的变化.2.将现在进行时的主动语态变为现在进行时的被动语态的关键是：把be doing变为be being done.The students are cleaning the classroom now.→The classroom is being cleaned now.现在学生们正在打扫教室。(are cleaning变为is being cleaned)The boy is counting some eggs.→Some eggs are being counted.那男孩正在数蛋。(is counting 变为 are being counted)
“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句
对于“介词+关系代词”结构的使用，重点是要弄清其中的介词如何确定和判断。
1. 根据与定语从句中动词的搭配来确定介词。
Water is the natural medium in which fish live. 水是鱼类赖以生存的自然环境。(注意搭配live in)
The documents for which they were searching have been recovered. 他们找寻的文件已经找到了。(注意搭配search for)
This is a subject about which we might argue for a long while. 这是一个我们可能长时间争论的问题。(注意搭配argue about)
注意，对于那些由动词与介词构成的短语动词，通常不宜将它们拆开使用，此时应注意介词的位置应。如：
The boy (whom) my sister is looking after is getting better.
不能说成：The boy after whom my sister is looking is getting better.
2. 根据与定语从句中形容词的搭配来确定介词。
Physics is the subject in our school in which every student is interested. 物理是我们学校每个学生都很感兴趣的课程。(注意搭配 be interested in)
He referred me to some reference books with which I am not very familiar. 他我要去参考一些我不熟悉的参考书。(注意搭配 be familiar with)
3. 根据与先行词的搭配来确定介词。
This is our classroom, in the front of which there is a teacher’s desk. 这是我们的教室，前面有老师的讲台。(注意搭配 in the front of our classroom)
I’ll never forget the day on which she said goodbye to me. 我永远不会忘记她与我们告别的那一天。(注意搭配 on the day)
4. 根据句意来确定介词的使用。
This is the book from which I got the story. 这就是那本书，从中我读到这个故事。(由于句意含有“从……”的意思，所以用介词 from)
This I did at nine o’clock, after which I sat reading the paper. 九点钟时我做这事，之后我坐着看报。(由于句意含有“在……之后”的意思，所以用介词 after)
综合运用
完形填空之线索（一）
完形填空的两个必要条件：必要的词汇，会寻找线索。词汇得靠同学们自己去背记，本文主要教大家找线索的几种方式：
线索之“连词”
Most children with healthy appetite are ready to eat almost anything that is offered to them and a child rarely dislikes food _____ it is badly cooked.
A. if B. until C. that D. unless
At first, I just wanted to get my degree and be left alone. I thought I was smarter than everyone else, so I hardly ever _40_ to anyone in my classes.
40. A. talked B. wrote C. lied D. reported
Michael Greenberg is a very popular New Yorker. He is not famous in sports or the arts, but people in the streets _36_ him, especially those who are poor.
36 A. know about B. learn from C. cheer for D. look after
She likes the determination it takes to do the sport. Her biggest _44_ is the balance beam. Because she has double vision, she often sees two beams.
44. A. doubt B. advantage C. challenge D. program
线索之“原词”
原词包括四种重复词——变形词；近义词；反义词；概括词
重复词----概括词
I was determined to be assessed as a musician, not as a deaf musician, and I applied to the famous Royal Academy of Music in London. No other deaf student had ____ this before and some teachers opposed my admission.
A. done B. accepted C. advised D. admitted
重复词-----变形词
As soon as he finished his homework, Eric jumped onto his bicycle and rode off the direction of the beach. While he was _________ along, he thought about the whales(鲸鱼).
A. riding B. running C. getting D. walking
They don’t realize that he just wants to make them ______. …Michael’s father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier.
A. smart B. rich C. special D. happy
重复词----原词
And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. For example … And when parties are from different cultures, there is a strong possibility of __53__ .
53. A. curiosity B. excitement C. misunderstanding D. nervousness
重复词-----近义词
I can’t recall any of the songs that the band played. I just _____ that I really enjoyed the show and didn’t want it to finish
A. realize B. understand C. believe D. remember
重复词-----近义词
Still nobody come. …This farmhouse had been ____ too long.
A . shabby B. noisy C. messy D. empty
重复词-----反义词
While the little ones played and ran around, I prepared bread and butter for the children, and hot chocolate for the _________.
A. drivers B. guests C. customers D. adults
Forcing yourself to recall almost never helps because it doesn't ____ your memory; it only tightens it.
A. loosen B. weaken C. decrease D. reduce
阶段训练
一、课文缩写
(A) Daisy had always longed to help ___1___ wildlife. She flew in a wonderful carpet to talk with an ___2___ in Tibet. The antelope told her they were hunted because of their __3__ which can be used to make sweaters like hers. Later, she __4___ to Zimbabwe where she talked with an ___5___ and got to know the farmers there no longer __6___ them. That’s because the ____7___ decided to help. They allowed tourists to hunt only a certain number of animals if they paid the farmers. The famers finally made a lot of money. At last she __8___ at a thick ___9___ where a monkey told her “no rainforest, no animals and no ____10____.”Although finally everything was gone, she learned so much!
(B) If we are ___1__ with ourselves, most of us have dreamed of __2____ famous. Most musicians form a band because of the same interest ___3___ writing and playing music. They may play anywhere to earn some extra money as well as fulfill their dreams. ___4__, the Monekke, which started differently, __5___(begin) as a TV show with musicians ___6___(play) jokes and music in the programme. Only after a year or so __7___ they become more serious and they produced their own records and later became even popular ___8__ the Beatles in the USA. The band once broke ___9___ and reunited. In memory of ___10__ time as a real band, they produced a new record in 1996.
二、句式翻译与仿写
1. Please take me to a distant land where I can find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater.
翻译：_________________________________________________
仿写：你去过有美丽名胜古迹的北京吗？
Have you ever been to Beijing ________________________?
2. So good things are being done here to save local wildlife.
翻译：_________________________________________________
仿写：你昨天提的那个问题正在会议上讨论。
The problem you put forward yesterday ______________________at the meeting.
3. It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I’d like to help as the WWF suggests.
翻译：_________________________________________________
仿写：就按照告诉你的去做。
______________________________
4. But what an experience!
翻译：_________________________________________________
仿写：多聪明的孩子啊！
______________________________
5. They may start as a group of high-school students, for whom practicing their music in someone’s house is the first step to fame.
翻译：_________________________________________________
仿写:每天听音乐很重要。
______________________________
6. Sometimes they may play to passers-by in the street or subway so that they can earn extra money for themselves or to pay for their instruments.
翻译：_________________________________________________
仿写: 她戴着项链，是为了得到关注。
______________________________
7. They were so popular that their fans formed clubs in order to get more familiar with them.
翻译：_________________________________________________
仿写:这部影片太有教育意义了，我还想再看一遍。
______________________________
三、用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句翻译句子。
1. 他有三个姐姐，其中一个是医生。
__________________________________________
2. 他住在一所窗子非常大的房子里。
_____________________________________________
3. 还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？
_____________________________________________
4.这就是我们住过的房间。
____________________________________
5. 这就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那位司机。
_____________________________________________
四、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
I enjoy 1 (climb)mountains whenever I can find the time to do so．Tom and Mike are my best friends，both of 2 also like sports．Two years ago，the three of us 3 (go)up to Mt．Lushan. Instead of taking a bus，which is 4 (comfortable)，we preferred to climb．We started from the foot of the mountain early in the morning， 5 (chat)all the way．After about one and a half _6 (hour)climbing，we saw two mountain paths before us．We could not decide 6 to choose．In the end, we took the right path，thinking that might be a short cut．But we were wrong．We could not find our way out， 8 (lose)in the mountain．We had to use our hands and feet to make a way．We began to cry for help 9 nobody answered．It was not until darkness 10 (fall)that we found a right path leading up to a paved road．
五、完形填空
Since my childhood, I always dreamed of becoming a full-time writer. Two years after my graduation, I 1 my job and made up my mind to realize my 2 .
No one could tell me 3 I would succeed or not. I rented a cold storage room in a building, set up a used desk and 4 to write. I had too many things to write and I had to write because the 5 was full of my heart.
After a year or so, however, I began to doubt myself. I found it 6 to earn my living by selling what I wrote. I can’t remember how many times my novels were 7 during that year. But I 8 to put my dream to the test—even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of 9 . I believed anyone with a dream must learn to struggle for the 10 .
During the most difficult period of my life, one of my classmates came to see me and tried to 11 me, “Yun, come to our company, and we will 12 you 2,000 yuan a month.” 2,000 yuan was really a big 13 at that time. It would enable me to live 14 . As the money were dancing in my 15 , something cleared my senses. Hadn’t I dreamed of being a writer? A full-time writer.
“Thanks, but no,” I said 16 , “I’m going to stick to writing.”
Again and again, I said to myself, “I will be 17 . People will love my novels.”
Finally my first novel was 18 in 1991. I had the kind of fame and success that few writers ever 19 .
Twenty years have passed, but the effect it had on my life has lasted. Now I often 20 the time working in that cold storage room. I will say, “Anyone with a dream, courage and persistence will be successful.”
1. A. attained B. quit C. paused D. seized
2. A. project B. glory C. dream D. liberty
3. A. whether B. what C. that D. when
4. A. gave away B. settled down C. put down D. took over
5. A. principle B. justice C. career D. enthusiasm
6. A. difficult B. changeable C. permanent D. skeptical
7. A. adjusted B. attacked C. registered D. rejected
8. A. pretended B. determined C. waited D. agreed
9. A. anxiety B. prejudice C. failure D. opportunity
10. A. intelligence B. fantasy C. reputation D. goal
11. A. persuade B. donate C. inform D. require
12. A. sponsor B. assist C. pay D. earn
13. A. account B. money C. scale D. fortune
14. A. steadier B. handier C. better D. happier
15. A. hand B. head C. table D. wallet
16. A. doubtfully B. eagerly C. firmly D. consciously
17. A. successful B. lucky C. creative D. confident
18. A. sold B. advocated C. published D. allocated
19. A. experienced B. adopted C. associated D. deposited
20. A. understood B. recalled C. reminded D. assumed
六、书面表达
假设你是李华，上周日去动物园玩，你看到一些游客向动物乱扔石子甚至往一头熊的头上泼水，对此你非常生气。现在请你用英语就此事给某报社编辑写封信，并提出你的建议；请求该报帮助呼吁人们保护和爱护动物。
答案与解析
一、课文缩写
(A)1. endangered 2. antelope 3. fur 4. flew 5. elephant 6. hunted 7. government 8. arrived 9. rainforest 10. drugs
(B)1. honest 2. being/becoming 3. in 4. However 5. began 6. playing 7. did 8. than 9. up 10. their
二、句式翻译与仿写
1. 请带我到一个遥远的地方，在那里我可以找到为制作这件毛衣提供毛皮的那种动物。
where there are beautiful places of interest.
2. 因此，为了拯救当地的野生动物，他们也在做一些好事。
is being discussed
3. 这体现了野生动物保护的重要性， 不过我还是想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助你们。
Just do as you are told.
4. 但是，这是多么奇妙的一次经历啊！
What a clever boy!
5. 他们开始时可能是一群高中生，对他们来说，在某个人的家里练习音乐是成名的第一步。
Listening to music every day is very important.
6. 有时他们可能在街上或者地铁里为路人演奏，以便他们能为自己或者自己要买的乐器多挣些钱。
She wears a necklace so that she can be noticed.
7. 他们非常走红，使得歌迷为了熟悉他们而成立了俱乐部。
The film is so instructive that I really like to see it once more.
三、用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句翻译句子。
1. He has three sisters, one of whom is a doctor.
2. He lives in a house, the window of which is very large.
3. Do you still remember the day on which you joined our club?
4. This is the room in which we lived.
5. This is the driver with whom my brother has worked for ten years.
四、语法填空
1. climbing 2. whom 3. went 4. more comfortable 5. chatting
6. hours 7. which 8. lost 9. but 1- fell
五、完形填空
本文是一名作家的传记。主要叙述了作者实现成为作家的梦想的艰难历程。
1. B；attain获得；quit放弃；pause暂停；seize抓住。根据下文准备实现梦想，这里应是放弃工作。
2. C；project工程；glory荣誉；dream梦想；liberty解放。realize one’s dream实现梦想。
3. A；whether…or not是否，根据下文的or not判断。
4. B；give away赠送；settle down安置，安定下来；put down放下；take over接管。前文租房子，现在开始安下心来写作。故选B项。
5. D；principle原则；justice正义；career职业；enthusiasm热情。根据下文的full of my heart判断此处作者豪情满怀，激情万分。
6. A；difficult困难的；changeable可改变的；permanent永久的；skeptical怀疑的。根据前文的doubt和下文的earn my living，应是作者靠卖作品为生的日子很困难。
7. D；adjust调整；attack袭击；register登记；reject拒绝。根据前文的难以为生，此处应是多次被退稿。故选D项。
8. B；pretend假装；determine决心；wait等待；agree同意。与下文的test对应，应填“决定”。
9. C；anxiety焦急；prejudice偏见；failure失败；opportunity机会。与前文uncertainty相对应，故选C项。
10. D；intelligence智力；fantasy幻想，幻觉；reputation荣誉；goal目标。D项符合。
11. A；persuade劝服；donate捐献；inform通知；require需要。此时作者正处于困难时期，朋友来劝服他加入自己的公司。
12. C；sponsor赞助；assist帮助；pay付钱，付给报酬；earn挣，赢得。根据下文的2000元判断是付给作者的报酬。
13. D；account叙述，说明；money金钱；scale规模；fortune运气，财富。a big fortune 一大笔财富。
14. C；steadier更稳步的；handier更便利的；better更好的；happier更幸福的。因为这笔工作的报酬，自己的生活能好一些。
15. B；句意：当这些钱在我头脑中跳跃时，某些东西清除了我的感觉。
16. C；doubtfully怀疑地；eagerly急切地；firmly确定地；consciously有意识地。根据下文的stick to writing判断作者很确定地拒绝了对方。
17. A；successful成功的；lucky幸运的；creative有创造力的；confident有信心的。根据前文的stick to writing可知，此时作者坚信自己将来是成功的。
18. C；sell卖；advocate主张，拥护；publish出版；allocate分派。novel应是被出版。
19. A ；experience经历；adopt采编；associate联系；deposit储存。句意：我拥有了只有几名作者曾经经历过的荣誉和成功。
20. B ；understand理解；recall回想；remind提醒；assume假定。句意：现在我经常回想起在那个寒冷的储藏室写作的日子。
六、书面表达
Dear Editor,
Here I write to tell you about my experience in the zoo last Sunday. I feel terribly sorry and ashamed of what people did to the animals.
There were many animals kept in the zoo and it seemed that they were not being treated well. I saw many visitors even poured water onto a big bear’s head. Some people just looked and laughed, but no one thought those were wrong.
Here is what we should do. First, we should make people know animals are our friends and important to us. Second, anyone who treats animals badly should be fined. Last, if people can’t stop doing so, my suggestion is that these animals be set free in nature.
I hope you can help educate people to love and respect animals. Thank you.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua