专题01 阅读理解
2019年最新高考阅读理解
1.【2019·全国I】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Need a Job This Summer?
The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.
Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.
Jobs for Youth
If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program. Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.
Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities(社区).
Summer Company
Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.
Stewardship Youth Ranger Program
You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.
Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.
Summer Employment Opportunities(机会)
Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.
21. What is special about Summer Company?
A. It requires no training before employment.
B. It provides awards for running new businesses.
C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.
D. It offers more summer job opportunities.
22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?
A. 15-18. B. 15-24. C. 15-29. D. 16-17.
23. Which program favors the disabled?
A. Jobs for Youth. B. Summer Company.
C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program. D. Summer Employment Opportunities.
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个面向学生们暑期的工作，这些工作有的是针对残疾学生的，有的还会给学生提供奖励。
21. B 细节理解题。由Summer Company 部分中的“Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3000 to start and run their own summer businesses.”可知，Summer Company项目会对创办新公司进行奖励。故选B。
22. D细节理解题。由 Stewardship Youth Ranger Program部分中的“Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 a time of hire, ”可知，这个项目的要求的年龄是16到17岁之间。故选D。
23. D细节理解题。由末段末句“Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.”可知，Summer Employment Opportunities适合的是有残疾的学生们。故选D。
B
For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is speech day ,and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
But he’s, nervous.“I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…”Chris trips on the“-ld,”a. pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher ,Thomas Whaley ,is next to him, whispering support.“…Vote for …me …”Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion ,Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.
A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls(回想起)how at the beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.
Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student，” Whaley explains，“especially for a student who is learning English as their new language，to feel confident enough to say，‘I don’t know，but I want to know.’”
Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀)about themselves.
“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,” Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”
24. What made Chris nervous？
A. Telling a story. B. Making a speech.
C. Taking a test. D. Answering a question.
25. What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Improper pauses. B. Bad manners. C. Spelling mistakes. D. Silly jokes.
26. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to _________.
A. help students see their own strengths
B. assess students’ public speaking skills
C. prepare students for their future jobs
D. inspire students’ love for politics
27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?
A. Humorous. B. Ambitious. C. Caring. D. Demanding.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. A 27. C
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。为了帮助学生学英语以及树立他们的信心，Thomas Whaley专门开展了一个演讲课程。
24. B 推理判断题。根据首段首句中“today is speech day”以及第二段首句中“But he’s nervous.”可知，Chris紧张的原因是他要进行公开的演讲。故选B。
25. A 词意猜测题。由第二段中Chris所说话中“I’m here to tell you today why you should…should…” Chris trips on the “-ld”, a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers”以及下文“except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well”可知, Chris 发ld比较困难，这对于英语不是母语的学习者来说都是一个困难，总体来说Chris做得出奇的好。根据前文可知，ld发音不准，因此有些结巴，停顿得不准，故选A。
26. A 推理判断题。文章在最后两段提到Whaley想到这个主意是因为看到孩子们害怕在说英语时出错，缺少自信，由此推断他的目的是为了让孩子们意识到自己的长处，增强自信心。而且文章末段首句也是提示信息。故选A。
27．C推理判断题。文章介绍了当Whaley看到孩子们缺少自信时，非常痛心，于是创立了这个课程，这个课程就是帮助学生树立自己的信心，故可以看出这位老师很关心学生的成长。humorous幽默的；ambitious雄心壮志的；caring关爱的，体贴的；demanding要求高的。故选C。
C
As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric(生物测量)technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.
Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(装置)that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏)with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.
It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.
In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch”four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.
28. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?
A. To reduce pressure on keys. B. To improve accuracy in typing
C. To replace the password system. D. To cut the cost of e-space protection.
29. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible？
A. Computers are much easier to operate.
B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.
C. Typing patterns vary from person to person.
D. Data security measures are guaranteed.
30. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard？all 1o soisgitieoco oll.
A. It'll be environment-friendly. B. It'll reach consumers soon.
C. It'll be made of plastics D. It'll help speed up typing.
31. Where is this text most likely from?
A. A diary. B. A guidebook C. A novel. D. A magazine.
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。目前，数据和身份盗窃变得越来越普遍，指纹扫描等这些技术仍然是昂贵的。本文介绍了一种新的科技——智能键盘，这项技术通过记录用户的打字习惯来识别主人，为网络空间用户保护隐私。
28. D 细节理解题。由第一段“At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.”和第二段的“they have come up with a low-cost device that gets around this problem: a smart key board.”可知，研究者们开发智能键盘是为了降低e-space保护的成本。故选D。
29. C 推理判断题。由第二段“These patterns are unique to each person. Thus，the keyboard can determine people’s identities”可知，因为每个人的打字方式不同，使智能键盘能够识别人的身份。故选C。
30. B 推理判断题。由最后一段“The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.”可知，研究者们希望智能键盘能早日上市，也就是希望早日到达消费者手中。故选B。
31. D 推理判断题。本文介绍了一种新的科技——智能键盘，它能给e-space用户带来安全，由此可知，本文是科技说明文，结合所给选项可知，本文可能来自于一本科研杂志上。故选D。
D
During the rosy years of elementary school(小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.
Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there’s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.
Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein’s studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage(从事)in dangerous and risky behavior.”
In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys(调查研究). “We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us."
Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing, kindness, openness — carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.
In analyzing his and other research，Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. "Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, ” he said.
32. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?
A. Unkind. B. Lonely. C. Generous. D. Cool.
33. What is the second paragraph mainly about？
A. The classification of the popular.
B. The characteristics of adolescents.
C. The importance of interpersonal skills.
D. The causes of dishonorable behavior.
34. What did Dr. Prinstein’s study find about the most liked kids?
A. They appeared to be aggressive.
B. They tended to be more adaptable.
C. They enjoyed the highest status.
D. They performed well academically.
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. Be Nice-You Won’t Finish Last
B. The Higher the Status, the Beer
C. Be the Best-You Can Make It
D. More Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness
【答案】32. C 33. A 34. B 35. A
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，对人好，讨人喜欢对人生活的各个方面有深远的积极影响。生活中，与人为善，待人慷慨，定会受到欢迎和回报。
32. C推理判断题。由第一段“During the rosy years of elementary school, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status（在美好的小学时光里，我喜欢分享我的娃娃和笑话，这让我保持了高高的社会地位。）”可推知，作者在小学早期时，是一个慷慨的女孩。unkind不友善的；lonely寂寞的；generous慷慨的；cool冷静的，故选C。
33. A 段落大意题。第二段中临床心理学教授Mitch Prinstein将受欢迎的人分为两类:讨人喜欢的人和追求地位的人。本段内容分别对the likable 和the status seekers 做了解释，所以本段主要介绍了两种受欢迎的人的分类，文中sort...into...对应答案的classification。故选A。
34. B推理判断题。由第四段“It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment”可知，心理学教授Mitch Prinstein的研究表明，讨人喜爱的矮子，适应性更强，故选B。
35. A 主旨大意题。通过全文内容可知，文章主要讲了受欢迎，讨人喜欢对人生活的各个方面有深远的有益影响。这些人可爱，慷慨大方，适应能力强，A项指出“对人好一点，——最终，你的收获无穷无尽”符合本文中心。故选A。
2.【2019·全国II】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
My Favourite Books
Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series(系列)of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.
Matilda
Roald Dahl
I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful words. Matilda's battles with her cruel me parents and the bossy headmisres，Miss Trunchbull，are equally fumy and frightening，but they're also aspirational.
After Dark
Haruki Murakami
It’s about two sisters-Eri，a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping，and Mari, a young student . In trying to connect to her sister. Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse ”night people” who are hiding secrets.
Gone Girl
Gillian Fynn
There was a bit of me that didn't want to love this when everyone else on the planet did but the horror story is brilliant. There's tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It's a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what's going on is horribly enjoyable
The Stand
Stephen King
This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world's population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those let. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.
21. Who does "I" refer to in the text?
A. Stephen King. B. Gillian Flynn.
C. Jo Usmar. D. Roald Dahl
22. Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri?
A. Cosmopolitan. B. Matilda.
C. After Dark D. The Stand.
23. What kind of book is Gone Girl?)
A. A folk tale. B. A biography.
C. A love story. D. A horror story.
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了作家Jo Usmar选出的四本自己最喜欢的书籍。
21. C细节理解题。由Matilda中的“I once wrote a paper …and delightful words”可知，我曾经写过一篇关于童话故事对罗尔德·达尔写作有影响的论文，这篇论文让我对他奇怪而有趣的文字有了新的认识。所以Jo Usmar在介绍Matilda这本书，用第一人称“I”口吻来说明自己曾经写过一篇关于童话故事对罗尔德·达尔写作有影响的论文。所以“I”指的是Jo Usmar。故C选项正确。
22. C 细节理解题。由After Dark中的“It’s about two sister-Eri, a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student”可知，故事讲的是两个姐妹---Eri是一个突然一觉不醒的模特。玛丽，是一个充满青春活力的 的几个主要原则。体现了人与大自然的和谐。
46. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的第一句with such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs，句中的principles与选项B中的rules对应，故答案为B。
47. C 细节理解题。注意本题中涉及的是a strong link。根据第二段中的第三句when a predator always eats huge numbers of a single prey, the two species are strongly linked，知当某一掠食动物只坚持吃一个品种时，它们之间的关系就很强，故答案为C。
48. D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems以及其后举的例子知位于实食物网顶端的猎物对其他的物种的数量有着惊人的控制，即使是无直接联系的物种，故答案为D其他的物种的数量会有意想不到的变化。
49. A 推理判断题。根据第四段中的第一句话unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true是这一段的主题句，下面的例子是为了证明它的，根据最后一句，这些行为都大大影响了生态平衡，可知认为的无计划的行为会扰乱生态平衡，故答案为A。
50. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的prevention is key，知预防系统提前发出信号以让人们采取措施防止生态系统被破坏。
D
Would you BET on the future of this man？He is 53 years old. Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune. A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning，and he has often been in prison. Driven by heaven-knows-what motives，he determines to write a book.
The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. That former prisoner was Cervantes，and the book was Don Quixote（《堂吉诃德》）. And the story poses an interesting question: why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days，while others go to seed long before？
We've all known people who run out of steam before they reach life's halfway mark. I'm not talking about those who fail to get to the top. We can't all get there. I'm talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.
Most of us，in fact，progressively narrow the variety of our lives. We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it. Nothing surprises us. We lose our sense of wonder. But，if we are willing to lean，the opportunities are everywhere.
The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills We learn to bear with the things we can't change. We learn to avoid self-pity. We learn that however much we try to please，some people are never going to love us-an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.
With high motivation and enthusiasm，we can keep on learning. Then we will know how important it is to have meaning in our life. However，we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our own little egos（自我），whether to loved ones，to fellow humans，to work，or to some moral concept.
Many of us equate（视……等同于）“commitment” with such “caring” occupations as teaching and nursing. But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment. People who work toward such excellence whether they are driving a truck，or running a store-make the world better just by being the kind of people they are. They've learned life's most valuable lesson.
51. The passage starts with the story of Cervantes to show that_________.
A. loss of freedom stimulates one's creativity
B. age is not a barrier to achieving one's goal
C. misery inspires a man to fight against his fate
D. disability cannot stop a man's pursuit of success
52. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably mean？
A. End one's struggle for liberty.
B. Waste one's energy taking risks.
C. Miss the opportunity to succeed.
D. Lose the interest to continue learning.
53. What could be inferred from Paragraph 4？
A. Those who dare to try often get themselves trapped.
B. Those who tend to think back can hardly go ahead.
C. Opportunity favors those with a curious mind.
D. Opportunity awaits those with a cautious mind.
54. What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 5？
A. A tough man can tolerate suffering.
B. A wise man can live without self-pity.
C. A man should try to satisfy people around him.
D. A man should learn suitable ways to deal with life.
55. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage？
A. To provide guidance on leading a meaningful adult life.
B. To stress the need of shouldering responsibilities at work.
C. To state the importance of generating motivation for learning.
D. To suggest a way of pursuing excellence in our lifelong career.
【答案】51. B 52. D 53. C 54. D 55. A
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了如何过一种有意义的成人的生活。
51. B 推理判断题。根据第一段中此人53岁，有债务，生活不幸，身上还有伤，但他下决心写一本，而且此书还获得了成功，350年依旧受欢迎，可知作者通过Cervantes的故事来表明年龄不是一个人实现目标的障碍，故答案为B。
52. D 词义猜测题。根据划线单词下的作者说我要讨论的是那些停止学习的人的成长，他们在流逝的岁月里采用的是固定的态度和观点，不想通过学习进步，可知划线短语的意思是“无兴趣学习的人”，故答案为D。
53. C 推理判断题。根据第四段中我们在自己专业的领域里取得成功，然后深陷其中，没有什么使我们吃惊，我们也没有惊奇的意识，即指我们失去了好奇心。但后一句说，如果我们愿意学习的话，我们还有机会成功。暗含的意思就是如果我们有好奇心的话，我们就有机会获得成功，故答案为C。
54. D 推理判断题。作者在文中告诉我们要学会忍受我们不能改变的事物，要学会避免自怜，要学会不管我们怎么表现，总有人不喜欢我们等等方法，可知第5段的主要意思是告诉我们要用合适的方法去对待生活。故答案为D。
55. A 主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，作者通过一个例子引出他的主题：一个人如何过一个有意义的成年人生活。作者为我们提供了一些指导，要有动力，要有好奇心，要用适当的方式去生活等，故答案为A。
7.【2019·江苏】阅读理解(共15 小题； 每小题2 分, 满分30 分)
请认真阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Whatever your age or interests, Buxton has something to see or do to make your visit truly memorable.High energyIf you desire physical activities, you can choose activities from swimming to horse riding. Explore the heights with Go Ape, the high wire forest adventure course, or journey beneath the earth at Poole's Cavern. And don't forget: we are surrounded by a natural playground just perfect for walking, caving, climbing and cycling.High mindedBuxton is justifiably proud of its cultural life and you' ll find much to suit all tastes with art, music, opera and the performing arts at Buxton Opera House & Pavilion Arts Centre and Green Man Gallery. There are plenty of opportunities for the creative person to become involved, including workshops and events.Keeping the kids happyChildren love the small train and playgrounds in the Pavilion Gardens and there’s plenty more to explore at the Buxton Museum. There's a new indoor play centre, plus the special events and workshops, and others during school holiday periods
56. If you want to take an undergounld journey, which place is the best choice?
A. Pole's Caven. B. Pavilion Gardens.
C. Buxton Museum. D. Green Man Gallery.
57. Buxton Open House & Pavilion Arts Centre is special because it offers ________.
A. rides in small trains
B. courses in modcm arts
C. artistic and cultural activities
D. basic courses in horse riding
【答案】56. A 57. C
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇广告类应用文，主要介绍了英国Buxton小镇的特色。
56. A细节理解题。根据High energy标题下的第二句Explore the heights with Go Ape, the high wire forest adventure course, or journey beneath the earth at People’s Cavern.可知，可以在People’s Cavern下旅行，即乘地铁旅行，故选A项。
57. C细节理解题。根据High minded标题下第1句Buxton is justifiably proud of its cultural life and you’ll find much to suit all tastes with art, music, opera and the performing arts at Buxton Opera House & Pavilion Arts Centre and Green Man Gallery.可知，该地的艺术和文化活动独具特色，故选B项。
B
In the 1960s，while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone National Park，Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something that，oddly，had not troubled anyone before:he couldn't find the park's volcano. It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature — that's what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features. But Christiansen couldn't find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.
Most of us，when we talk about volcanoes，think of the classic cone(圆锥体)shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro，which are created when erupting magma(岩浆)piles up. These can form remarkably quickly. In 1943，a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part of his land. In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high. Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and was more than half a mile across. Altogether there are some ten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth，all but a few hundred of them extinct. There is，however，a second les known type of volcano that doesn't involve mountain building. These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack，leaving behind a vast hole，the caldera. Yellowstone obviously was of this second type，but Christiansen couldn't find the caldera anywhere.
Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors' centers. As soon as Christiansen saw the photos，he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera; almost the whole park-2.2 million acres—was caldera. The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles across—much too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level. At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with a violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.
58. What puzzled Christiansen when he was studying Yellowstone？
A. Its complicated geographical features.
B. Its ever-lasting influence on tourism.
C. The mysterious history of the park.
D. The exact location of the volcano.
59. What does the second-paragraph mainly talk about？
A. The shapes of volcanoes.
B. The impacts of volcanoes.
C. The activities of volcanoes.
D. The heights of volcanoes.
60. What does the underlined word "blow-up" in the last paragraph most probably mean？
A. Hot-air balloon. B. Digital camera.
C. Big photograph. D. Bird's view.
【答案】58. D 59. A 60. C
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文，旨在引领学生“飞临”美丽而有危险的黄石公园，探寻火山遗址，和科研人员在黄石公园一起寻找火山的火山岩……
58. D细节理解题。根据第一段第一句，最后一句…he couldn’t find the park’s volcano. But Christiansen couldn't find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.可知，在黄石公园的任何地方都没有找到火山，故此处他想要找到火山的确切位置，故选D项。
59. A细节理解题。根据第二段Most of us, when we talk about volcanoes, think of the classic cone(圆锥体)shapes of a Fuji or kilimanjaro, which are created when erupting magma（岩浆)piles up…Altogether there are some ten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth, all but a few hundred of them extinct.There is however, a second less known type of volcano that doesn’t involve mountain building. These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack, leaving behind a vast hole, the caldera.可知，第二段主要介绍了火山锥的形成以及火山的其他构成类型，故选A项。
60. C细节理解题。根据第三段第三、四句As soon as Christiansen saw the photos, he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera: almost the whole park——2.2 million acres-was caldera. The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles across——much too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level.可知，几乎整个公园都是火山口，也就是说这是一个放大的照片，故选C项。
C
Who cares if people think wrongly that the Internet has had more important influences than the washing machine? Why does it matter that people are more impressed by the most recent changes?
It would not matter if these misjudgments were just a matter of people's opinions. However, they have real impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources.
The fascination with the ICT(Information and Communication Technology) revolution, represented by the Internet, has made some rich countries wrongly conclude that making things is so "yesterday" that they should try to live on ideas. This belief in "post-industrial society" has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sector(制造业) with negative consequences for their economies.
Even more worryingly, the fascination with the Internet by people in rich countries has moved the international community to worry about the "digital divide" between the rich countries and the poor countries. This has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer equipment and Internet facilities. The question, however, is whether this is what the developing countries need the most. Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging wells, extending electricity networks and making more affordable washing machines would have improved people's lives more than giving every child a laptop computer or setting up Internet centres in rural villages, I am not saying that those things are necessarily more important, but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relative long-term costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money.
In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe that the recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a "borderless world". As a result, in the last twenty years or so, many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying to turn the clock back. Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross-border flows of capital, labour and goods, with poor results.
Understanding technological trends is very important for correctly designing economic policies, both at the national and the international levels, and for making the right career choices at the individual level. However, our fascination with the latest, and our under valuation of what has already become common, can, and has, led us in all sorts of wrong directions.
61. Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to __________.
A. a lack of confidence in technology
B. a slow progress in technology
C. a conflict of public opinions
D. a waste of limited resources
62. The example in Paragraph 4 suggests that donators should __________.
A. take people's essential needs into account
B. make their programmes attractive to people
C. ensure that each child gets financial support
D. provide more affordable internet facilities
63. What has led many governments to remove necessary regulations?
A. Neglecting the impacts of technological advances.
B. Believing that the world has become borderless.
C. Ignoring the power of economic development.
D. Over-emphasizing the role of international communication.
64. What can we learn from the passage?
A. People should be encouraged to make more donations.
B. Traditional technology still has a place nowadays.
C. Making right career choices is crucial to personal success.
D. Economic policies should follow technological trends.
【答案】61. D 62. A 63. B 64. B
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章阐述了盲目夸大新科技可能带来的严重后果。一方面信息技术革命增加了发达国家和发展中国家的差距，另一方面就是发达国家对发展中国家的某些政策取消，这其实对于发展中国家非常不利。
61. D细节理解题。根据第二段第二句However, they have real impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources.可知，对科技的误判会导致稀有资源的误用，也就是说是资源的浪费，故选D项。
62. A推理判断题。根据第四段第四、五句Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging wells, extending electricity networks and making more affordable washing machines would have improved people' lives more than giving every child a laptop computer or setting up internet centres in rural villages. I am not saying that those things are necessarily more important, but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relative long-term costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money.可知，对于捐助者投资一些花哨的项目，不如实际一点来从根本上改善人们的生活，故选A项。
63. B推理判断题。根据第五段第一、三句Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross-border flows of capital, labour and goods, with poor results.可知，由于通信和交通技术的发展，世人可以无国界的交流而忽视了必要的监管，故选B项。
64. B主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首句“Who cares if people think wrongly that the Internet has had more important influences than the washing machine? ”引出主题，说明洗衣机有时比互联网更重要；结合全文大意可知，主要阐述了盲目夸大新科技可能带来的严重后果。通过两个事例说明了某些国家忽视了制造业，也就是传统的产业，以及担心所谓的“数字鸿沟”，而忽视人们最基本的生活需求，所以无论科技如何发展，都不能盲从，传统的技术在如今仍旧有一席之位，故选B项。
D
The 65-year-old Steve Goodwin was found suffering from early Alzheimer’s(阿尔楚海默症). He was losing his memory.
A software engineer by profession, Steve was a keen lover of the piano, and the only musician in his family. Music was his true passion, though he had never performed outside the family.
Melissa, his daughter, felt it more than worthwhile to save his music, to which she fell asleep catch night when she was young. She thought about hiring a professional pianist to work with her father.
Naomi, Melissa’s best friend and a talented pianist, got to know about this and showed willingness to help.
“Why do this?” Steve wondered.
“Because she cares.” Melissa said.
Steve nodded, tears in eye.
Naomi drove to the Goodwin home. She told Steve she’d love to hear him play. Steve moved to the piano and sat at the bench, hands trembling as he gently placed his fingers on the keys.
Naomi put a small recorder near the piano, Starts and stops and mistakes. Long pauses, heart sinking. But Steve pressed on, playing for the first time in his life for a stranger.
“It was beautiful." Naomi said after listening to the recording. “The music was worth saving.”
Her responsibility, her privilege, would be to rescue it. The music was sill in Steve Goodwin. It was bidden in rooms with doors about to be locked.
Naomi and Steve met every other week and spent hours together. He’d move his fingers clumsily on the piano, and then she’d take his place. He struggled to explain what he heard in his head. He stood by the piano, eyes closed, listening for the first time to his own work being played by someone else.
Steve and Naomi spoke in musical code lines, beats, intervals, moving from the root to end a song in a new key. Steve heard it. All of it. He just couldn’t play it.
Working with Naomi did wonders for Steve. It had excited within him the belief he could write one last song. One day, Naomi received an email. Attached was a recording, a recording of loss and love, of the fight. Steve called it “Melancholy Flower”.
Naomi heard multiple stops and starts, Steve struggling, searching while his wife Joni called him “honey” and encouraged him. The task was so hard, and Steve, angry and upset, said he was quitting. Joni praised him, telling her husband this could be his signature piece.
Naomi managed to figure out 16 of Steve’s favorite, and most personal songs. With Naomi’s help, the Goodwin family found a sound engineer to record Naomi playing Steve’s songs. Joni thought that would be the end. But it wasn’t.
In the months leading up to the 2016 Oregon Repertory Singers Christmas concert, Naomi told the director she had a special one in mind: “Melancholy Flower”
She told the director about her project with Steve. The director agreed to add it to the playing list. But Naomi would have to ask Steve’s permission. He considered it an honor.
After the concert, Naomi told the family that Steve’s music was beautiful and professional. It needed to be shared in public.
The family rented a former church in downtown Portland and scheduled a concert. By the day of the show, more than 300 people had said they would attend.
By then, Steve was having a hard time remembering the names of some of his friends. He knew the path his life was now taking. He told his family he was at peace.
Steve arrived and sat in the front row, surrounded by his family. The house lights faded. Naomi took the stage. Her fingers. His heart.
65. Why did Melissa want to save her father’s music?
A. His music could stop his disease from worsening.
B. She wanted to please her dying old father.
C. His music deserved to be preserved in the family.
D. She wanted to make her father a professional.
66. After hearing Steve’s playing, Naomi ________.
A. refused to make a comment on it
B. was deeply impressed by his music
C. decided to free Steve from suffering
D. regretted offering help to her friend
67. How can the process of Steve’s recording be described?
A. It was slow but productive.
B. It was beneficial to his health.
C. It was tiresome for Naomi.
D. It was vital for Naomi’s career.
68. Before Steve finished “Melancholy Flower," his wife Joni _______.
A. thought the music talent of Steve was exhausted
B. didn’t expect the damage the disease brought about
C. didn’t fully realize the value of her husband’s music
D. brought her husband’s music career to perfection
69. How did Steve feel at the concert held in downtown Portland？
A. He felt concerned about his illness.
B. He sensed a responsibility for music.
C. He regained his faith in music.
D. He got into a state of quiet.
70. What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A. The Kindness of Friends
B. The Power of Music
C. The Making of a Musician
D. The Value of Determination
【答案】65. C 66. B 67. A 68. C 69. D 70. B
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一位得了阿尔茨海默氏症的老人饱腹音乐才华，但是因为老年痴呆症，忘记了自己创作的所有乐曲。他的女儿为了帮他再现才华，恢复记忆，邀请了自己的好朋友把老人创作的曲子演奏了出来。
65.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句Steve was a keen lover of the piano, and the only musician in his family. Music was his true passion, though he had never performed outside the family.可知，因为她认为她的父亲的音乐值得保留，故选C项。
66.B 细节理解题。 根据第十段第一、二句“It was beautiful”, Naomi said after listening to the recording. “The music was worth saving”.可知，她对此音乐作品留下了深刻的印象，故选B项。
67.A推理判断题。根据第九段第一、二句Naomi put a small recorder near the piano. Starts and stops and mistakes. Long pauses, heart sinking.可判断，录音过程中虽然很慢，但是很有效果。故选A项。
68.C 推理判断题。根据第十六段第三句Joni thought that would be the end.可判断，他的妻子并没有完全意识到这一乐曲的价值，故选C项。
69.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段By then, Steve was having a hard time remembering the names of some of his friends. He knew the path his life was now taking. He told his family he was at peace.可判断，在音乐会上他感到很平静，故选D项。
70.B 标题概括题。通读全文可知，一位得了阿尔茨海默氏症的老人饱腹音乐才华，但是因为老年痴呆症，忘记了自己创作的所有乐曲。他的女儿为了帮他再现才华，恢复记忆，邀请了自己的好朋友把老人创作的曲子演奏了出来。据此可知，B项最适合作为本文的标题。A项仅为文章的细节之一；C项与主旨不符；D项仅为文章的细节之一。
2019年最新经典模拟题
1.【东北三省四市2019届高三二模联考】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Bright Side did some research on many places throughout the world where you can buy a house for 1 dollar or for free!
Roubaix, France
If you like France, Roubaix located in the north of France is just for you. The local authorities want it to be populated and attractive. You can buy a small house in the industrial district for just $1. The buyer is supposed to live in this house for 3 years.
Buffalo. USA
Buffalo offers whoever qualifies to buy a house for $1. All you need is to be a lawful citizen of the city and invest amount of money into its decoration. Doing this, the authorities are hoping to make the city beautiful again without spending money.
Liverpool, Great Britain
In Liverpool, most of houses were abandoned by the working class during the years of unemployment. The government is trying to sell the houses for just $1. If you want to buy such a house, it has to be your first deal on buying property (不动产).
Candela Italy
If you still have any doubts about spending SI on a house, you should know: the government will pay you some money, if you move to Candela. In order to be paid, you need to become a permanent citizen and have an income of $7500 per year. If moving a, ne, you will get S800, and if you are going with your family, the pay can be four times as much as only one person.
For more information of other cities, please Click Here.
1. Why do the authorities of Buffalo provide a house for people with 1$?
A. To improve the lives of poor people.
B. To make the city attractive at no cost.
C. To solve the problems of employment.
D. To attract people to the industrial areas.
2. What is required to buy a house for 1 dollar in Liverpool?
A. You need to be an unemployed citizen.
B. You should live in the house for 3 years
C. You must make the first house purchase.
D. You have to repair and decorate the house.
3. How much money can you get if moving to Candela with a whole family?
A. $3200 B. $1
C. $800 D. $7500
4. Where does this passage come from?
A. a textbook. B. a magazine.
C. the Internet. D. an announcement.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。Bright Side在全世界很多地方做了一些研究，向读者介绍了在哪些地方可以用1美元买房子或免费获得房子。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由Buffalo. USA 中的“ Doing this, the authorities are hoping to make the city beautiful again without spending money.”可知，当地政府这样做，希望不用花钱就能让这座城市再次变得美丽。所以为什么Buffalo当地政府会为那些只有1美元的人提供房子的目的是不花一分钱就让这座城市变得有吸引力。故B选项正确。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由Liverpool, Great Britain中的“ If you want to buy such a house, it has to be your first deal on buying property (不动产)”可知，如果你想买这样的房子，它必须是你第一次购买的不动产。所以在Liverpool 1美元买一套房子，需要你必须是第一次买房。故C选项正确。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由Candela, Italy “If moving to Candela，you will get S800, and if you are going with your family, the pay can be four times as much as only one person ”可知，如果你搬到Candela，你会得到800英镑，如果你和全家人一起去，得到的钱数是一个人的四倍。所以如果你和全家搬到Candela，你能得到的是$800x4=$3200。故A选项正确。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由最后段“For more information of other cities, please Click Here.”可知，有关其它城市的详细信息，请单击此处。所以通过关键词“click”可以判断出，这篇短文来自于因特网。故C选项正确。
B
When the tornado (龙卷风) passed, Lewis returned to her house after that awful night, and the Bible was the first thing she looked for. She had bought it 35 years earlier, at the start of her marriage. Like many folks, she’d used it to preserve the family’s history: decades-old photos, newspaper obituaries (讣告) of loved ones, a handkerchief from her great-grandmother, even a piece of a scarf her uncle bad brought back from the Korean War.
The Bible was not where she d last seen it, on top of an antique dresser in her bedroom. The only thing left was the solid pieces of marble that had been on the top of the furniture. After an hour of searching, one of the volunteers ran up to her and found the bible while clearing through ruins. She had tears streaming down her cheeks. It had flown about ten feet from the dresser. Surprisingly, while many books had been destroyed beyond recognition, the Bible was still intact, even though it had sat in the rain for days. “It was a miracle,” says Lewis.
A few of the Bible’s treasures did go missing. Yet ever so slowly, they, too, began reappearing in Lewis’s life. Days after the Bible was found, volunteers discovered one of the newspaper obituaries outside the home. Two weeks later, a neighbor found another newspaper clipping (剪辑) by her house. “It was a shock,” say Lewis.
Now the Bible already has its well-deserved place of honor, on the dresser. She knows that while every good book tells stories of disastrous weather and unlikely survival, this one actually lived it.
5. Why was the Bible the first thing to look for?
A. It is a book telling good stories.
B. It was a valuable gift for her marriage.
C. It records her family’s trees and history.
D. It keeps things recalling family’s stories.
6. What does the underlined word “intact” probably mean?
A. Unfolded B. New
C. Undamaged D. fragile
7. What is the best title for tie text?
A. The Bible Beats a Tornado.
B. The Bible Blesses Lewis’ Family
C. Antique Treasures Are Never Gone.
D. Family Treasures Are Along With Us.
【答案】5. D 6. C 7. A
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。当龙卷风过去后，刘易斯在那个可怕的夜晚回到了她的家，而圣经是她寻找的第一件东西。因为圣经记录并保存了家族的历史，尽管许多书被毁坏得面目全非，但圣经仍然完好无损。成功地在龙卷风中幸存下来。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“Like many folks, she’d used it to preserve the family’s history: decades-old photos, newspaper obituaries (讣告) of loved ones, a handkerchief from her great-grandmother, even a piece of a scarf her uncle bad brought back from the Korean War.”可知，像许多人一样，她用它来保存家族的历史：几十年的老照片，报纸上亲人的讣告，她曾祖母的手帕，甚至她叔叔从朝鲜战争中带回来的一条围巾。所以为什么首先要找的是圣经是因为圣经记录了回忆家族的故事。故D选项正确。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段“Surprisingly, while many books had been destroyed beyond recognition, the Bible was still intact, even though it had sat in the rain for days. “It was a miracle,” says Lewis.”可知，令人惊讶的是，尽管许多书被毁坏得面目全非，但圣经仍然完好无损，尽管它遭雨淋了好几天。“这是一个奇迹，”刘易斯说。所以通过上下文的句意,可以判断出下划线的“intact”可能是undamaged“未损坏的”的意思。故C选项正确。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，当龙卷风过去后，刘易斯在那个可怕的夜晚回到了她的家，而圣经是她寻找的第一件东西。因为圣经记录并保存了家族的历史，尽管许多书被毁坏得面目全非，但圣经仍然完好无损，在龙卷风中幸存下来。所以短文主要在叙述圣经经历了龙卷风而幸存下来。故短文的最佳标题为“圣经经历了龙卷风而幸存下来”。故A选项正确。
C
You can’t see your sleeping pets brain waves, but its behavior can tell you when your cat might be dreaming. If you watch closely, you’ll see that as she falls asleep, her breathing becomes slow and regular with her body still. She has entered the first stage of sleep, called slow-wave sleep. After about 15 minutes you’ll notice a change in her breathing. Her eyes move under her closed lids, her paws twitch (抽动) and she flicks (尤指用手指或手快速地轻抚) an ear. She has entered dreaming. Although she twitches and makes little grunting (嘟嘟) noises, messages from her brain to the large muscles in her legs are blocked, so she can’t run about. She is in a state of “sleep paralysis (麻痹)”.
Michel Jouvet, a French scientist, interrupted their sleep paralysis. Even though they were completely asleep, the dreaming cats began to run for balls that Jouvet couldn’t see and arched (弓起) their backs at unseen enemies. He figures he was watching them act out their dreams! Obviously, the dreaming cats seemed to be practising important cat skills: following, pouncing (猛扑), and fighting.
In another study, Matt Wilson recorded rats brain waves while they learned mazes (迷宫). One day, he left the brain-wave-recording machine on while the rats fell asleep. The pattern of brain waves in the sleeping rats matched the pattern from the maze so closely that Wilson could figure out exactly which part of the maze each rat was dreaming about!
Many researchers now think that in both people and animals, one purpose of dreams is to practise important skills and figure out recent caning. This may explain why so many people dream about fighting and escaping, skills that were probably important to our ancestors, and why dreaming affects our ability to learn.
Do all animals dream? From looking at the brain waves of sleeping animals. How often animals dream seems to be tied to body size. Cats dream about every 15 minutes, mice every 9 minutes, and elephants every 2 hours. And though cows and horses usually sleep standing up, they only dream when lying down.
8. What does Michel Jouvet find in his study?
A. The dreaming cats are in a state of body paralysis.
B. The dreaming cats often practise their important skills.
C. The eyes of dreaming cats moved while bodies are still.
D. The muscles of the dreaming cats are blocked to move.
9. What can you know about dreaming from the passage?
A. Dreaming a lot can help humans learn more.
B. Learning mazes is the basic skill for cats to learn.
C. Rats often dreams to make certain their recent learning
D. Fighting and escaping are not important skills for ancestors.
10. Which animal may dream most frequently?
A. Rats. B. Dogs.
C. Cows. D. Elephants
11. How does the author develop his passage?
A. By making comparisons. B. By using figures
C. By telling stories D. By showing facts
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。研究表明对人和动物来说，做梦的一个目的是练习重要的技能,弄清楚最近所学的东西。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段“Obviously, the dreaming cats seemed to be practising important cat skills: following, pouncing (猛扑), and fighting.”可知，显然，做梦的猫似乎在练习重要的猫技能:跟随、猛扑，还有打架。所以Michel Jouvet在他的研究中发现,做梦的猫经常会练习它们所学的重要技能。故B选项正确。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段“Many researchers now think that in both people and animals, one purpose of dreams is to practise important skills and figure out recent learning”许多研究人员现在认为，对人和动物来说，做梦的一个目的是练习重要的技能，弄清楚最近所学的东西。老鼠是动物的一种，所以判断出，老鼠经常做梦目的是清楚它们最近所学的东西。故C选项正确。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由第五段“Cats dream about every 15 minutes, mice every 9 minutes, and elephants every 2 hours”可知，猫每15分钟做梦一次，老鼠每9分钟做梦一次，大象每2小时做梦一次。通过对动物做梦频率的对比，可以看出老鼠做梦最频繁。故A选项正确。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段“Michel Jouvet, a French scientist, interrupted their sleep paralysis. Even though they were completely asleep, the dreaming cats began to run for balls that Jouvet couldn’t see and arched (弓起) their backs at unseen enemies. He figures he was watching them act out their dreams! Obviously, the dreaming cats seemed to be practising important cat skills: following, pouncing (猛扑), and fighting.”第三段“In another study, Matt Wilson recorded rats brain waves while they learned mazes (迷宫). One day, he left the brain-wave-recording machine on while the rats fell asleep. The pattern of brain waves in the sleeping rats matched the pattern from the maze so closely that Wilson could figure out exactly which part of the maze each rat was dreaming about!以及最后段“. Cats dream about every 15 minutes, mice every 9 minutes, and elephants every 2 hours. ”可知，法国科学家米歇尔·茹维特打断了他们的睡眠瘫痪。即使它们完全睡着了，做梦的猫也开始跑向朱维特所看不见的球，并拱起他们的背对着看不见的敌人。他想他是在看它们表演他们的梦！显然，做梦的猫似乎在练习重要的猫技能:跟随、扑向，还有打架。在另一项研究中，马特·威尔逊记录了老鼠学习迷宫时的脑电波。一天，当老鼠睡着的时候，他把脑波记录仪开着。睡眠中老鼠的脑电波模式与迷宫中的模式非常接近，以至于威尔逊能够准确地找出每只老鼠梦到了迷宫的哪个部分。猫每15分钟做梦一次，老鼠每9分钟做梦一次，大象每2小时做梦一次！。所以每个研究所得出的结论，以及对问题的回答都是基于事实。故判断出作者通过展示事实来展开短文的。故D选项正确。
【点睛】根据事物的定义或者对事物总体的概括，从而判断出哪些具体事物或者具体的实践应该属于定义的范围或者是概括的范围是我们经常见到的推理判断题的题型。要解决这样的判断题，首先要讲对事物的定义或者对事物的总体概括要读清楚，然后根据对比4个选项，哪个选项在定义或者概括范围内的。哪个就是正确的答案。
由第四段“Many researchers now think that in both people and animals, one purpose of dreams is to practise important skills and figure out recent caning. ”许多研究人员现在认为，对人和动物来说，做梦的一个目的是练习重要的技能，弄清它们最近所学的东西。老鼠是动物的一种，所以判断出，老鼠经常做梦来弄清它们最近所学的东西。故小题2的正确选项为C选项。
D
Connecting with people has become so much easier with advancing technology. Tasks that once required a postage stamp or carrier pigeon are now as simple as tapping a name or even a face on your screen, and you’re connected. But also easier is unconsciously getting caught up in a dilemma by violating certain new rules for communicating. A big one for some: Don’t call until you’ve texted to confirm it’s OK to call. But that’s just the beginning.
“I’m usually pretty mild and not much bothers me,” said Mark Angielle, a 29-year-old office manager from White Plains, New York. But the one thing that he hates more than anything else in life is the terrible one-word message — “K.” “At the very least reply with, Got it.” he said “At least give me a few words here. You’re not that busy.”
There are hundreds, perhaps even thousands, of others who have taken Lo social media to express their distaste for people who don’t follow the unwritten rules of digital communication.
“These rules are simply a new display of a phenomenon we’ve seen in the past,” said James Ivory, professor of communication a Virginia Tech. In the same way that generations and small groups of friends have their own slang and customs, internet culture has given birth to technology-dependent beings that have their own unique set of routine.
But not everyone gets the point. Unlike language, digital communication can be filled with ambiguous clues (线索、迹象) that the person on the other end of the call, text or email may or may not easily understand.
“As soon as people aren’t talking face to face, the first thing that gets lost is some of the richness of the body language,” Ivory said, “People immediately fill that gap by using emoji (表情符号) to sum up a feeling in seconds.
“There's great potential for danger,” Ivory warned. “What's considered polite in one form might be inappropriate or rude in another occasion.”
12. What can you infer about Mark from Paragraph 2?
A. He is a businessman with a bad temper.
B. He complains about social manners.
C. He can’t bear one- word messages.
D. He dislike a busy business life.
13. According to the text, which of the following breaks the rules for communicating?
A. John says “I got it.” to his boss face to face.
B. Jim calls Bill without confirming in advance.
C. Mary texts Lily to make sure if she can call her.
D. Jack sends “Thanks a lot” to his business friends.
14. Why may people misunderstand each other during digital communication?
A. Emoji cannot sum up feelings.
B. People use their own slang and customs.
C. There are large quantities of written rules.
D. People gets wrong messages without clear clues.
15. What are people expected to do after reading tie passage?
A. To obey their own digital communication rules.
B. To be aware of rules during digital communication.
C. To use advancing technology even with disadvantages.
D. To keep pace with digital communication development.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。随着技术的进步，人与人之间的联系变得越来越容易，但在数字通信中更容易违反某些新的交流规则而无意识地陷入两难境地。对此许多人对这种现象表达了忧虑。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段“But the one thing that he hates more than anything else in life is the terrible one-word message”可知，在生活中他最痛恨的一件事就是一个字的信息。所以通过关键词“hate, terrible”可以判断出，马克不能忍受一个字的信息。故C选项正确。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“Don’t call until you’ve texted to confirm it’s OK to call”可知，在你发短信确认可以打电话之前不要打电话。很多人都违反了这个交流规则。所以B选项“吉姆没有事先确认就打电话给比尔”违反了沟通交流的规则。故B选项正确。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。由第五段“. Unlike language, digital communication can be filled with ambiguous clues (线索、迹象) that the person on the other end of the call, text or email may or may not easily understand.”可知，与语言不同的是，数字通信可以充满模糊的线索。电话、文本或电子邮件另一端的人可能很容易理解什么意思，也可能不容易理解是什么意思。所以为什么人们在数字通信中会产生误解是因为人们在没有明确线索的情况下会收到错误的信息。故D选项正确。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，随着技术的进步，人与人之间的联系变得越来越容易，但更容易违反某些新的交流规则而无意识地陷入两难境地。对此许多人对这种现象表达了忧虑。所以判断出短文目的就是期望人们能够在数字通信过程中要注意规则。所以读了这篇文章后，人们被期望能够在数字通信过程中要注意规则。故B选项正确。
【点睛】抓住特定信息进行逆向或者正向推理。做此类试题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。
由第二段“But the one thing that he hates more than anything else in life is the terrible one-word message”可知，在生活中他最痛恨的一件事就是一个字的信息。所以通过关键词“hate, terrible”可以判断出，马克不能忍受一个字的信息。故小题1的正确选项为C选项。
2.【河北省保定市2019届高三下学期第二次模拟】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Summer Programs for Teens
University of Maryland: TERP Young Scholars
This program is the perfect summer camp for academically talented teenagers who want to pursue academic interests, explore career opportunities, and discover college life at the University of Maryland.
During three weeks of intellectual exploration, teens can study with students who share similar interests, and communicate with some of the university’s best teachers. Upon successful completion, students can earn three college credits.
Carpe Diem: The University-bound Adventure
Carpe Diem supports both American and international students in applying to a university by providing private consultation. This 2-week experience also includes tours of famous East Const universities Students will also have the opportunity to build their resumes (简历) by working with writing experts.
Great Books Summer Program
This is a lively, warm and welcoming summer camp community of outstanding teens, who love literature and ideas In the past eleven years, it has gathered middle and high school students from across the world to read selections from the greatest works of literature, experience heated discussions and enjoy summer camp fun with other literary-minded students. Participants can gain confidence in their ability to read a text closely and express their ideas clearly both verbally and in writing.
Zeal Travel
We offer our teens two week and three- week long trips to Hawaii, Alaska, Australia and Spain. All trips include 15-25 hours of community service activities.
Depending on your trip of choice, you’ll be helping Hawaiians protect their forest ecosystem, caring for dogs in Spain, working with Habitat for Humanity, and much more. Every trip also includes exciting outdoor activities like surfing, driving, ice-climbing, hiking and more. The possibilities are endless and there is a zeal trip for every interest.
1. Which program offers students the opportunity to develop academic interests?
A. Carpt Diem. B. Zeal Travel.
C. University of Maryland. D. Great Books Summer Program.
2. What can students do in Great Books Summer Program?
A. Learn how to write stories.
B. Attend a campus cultural event.
C. Make friends with famous writers.
D. Read and discuss the great works of literature.
3. What is special about Zeal Travel?
A. It includes a lot of thrilling outdoor activities.
B. It provides community service for students.
C. It offers students exciting free trips.
D. It will last 3 weeks.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一则广告。文章介绍了一些青少年暑期活动项目。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据University of Maryland: TERP Young Scholars中This program is the perfect summer camp for academically talented teenagers who want to pursue academic interests,（这个项目是一个完美的夏令营，专为那些想要追求学术兴趣的那些有天赋的青少年准备的）可知，“University of Maryland项目提供学生发展学术兴趣的机会”。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Great Books Summer Program中In the past eleven years, it has gathered middle and high school students from across the world to read selections from the greatest works of literature, experience heated discussions and enjoy summer camp fun with other literary-minded students.（在过去的11年里，它聚集了来自世界各地的中学生来阅读最伟大的文学作品，经历激烈的讨论，和其他有文学头脑的学生一起享受夏令营的乐趣。）可知，学生们可以在暑期活动中阅读和讨论伟大的文学作品。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Zeal Travel中Every trip also includes exciting outdoor activities like surfing, driving, ice-climbing, hiking and more. The possibilities are endless and there is a zeal trip for every interest.(每次旅行还包括令人兴奋的户外活动，如冲浪、驾驶、攀冰、徒步旅行等。可能性是无限的，每一个兴趣都有热情的旅行。”可知，Zeal Travel的特殊之处是它包含很多刺激的户外活动，故选A。
【点睛】在细节考查题中有一类事实细节题。该题属于细节类型的阅读理解题，一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。本题第3小题，根据Zeal Travel中Every trip also includes exciting outdoor activities like surfing, driving, ice-climbing, hiking and more. The possibilities are endless and there is a zeal trip for every interest.“每次旅行还包括令人兴奋的户外活动，如冲浪、驾驶、攀冰、徒步旅行等。可能性是无限的，每一个兴趣都有热情的旅行。”可知，Zeal Travel的特殊之处是它包含很多刺激的户外活动，故选A。B项具有迷惑性，但原文中是说All trips include 15-25 hours of community service activities.，也就是所有旅行，学生都要做15-25小时的社区服务，而不是为学生提供社区服务。
B
Five thousand square meters of old damaged cars, motorcycles and boats fill this junkyard. For a casual onlooker, this might be a very sad sight. But for Andy, it’s a real treasure. “I’ve been a junk hoarder (囤积者) for my whole life and I like fixing up what shouldn’t be thrown away. Around 200 old cars end up in this junkyard every week. Some of them are sold for parts, others get repaired, and still others are beyond repair.”
His father Bobby started the business some 50 years ago and still spends every morning there. The father and son have very different approaches to their work. They got a Dean cab that was getting thrown away and that was the father’s project, which Andy did not want him to do. “He did basically the opposite of everything I told him and I think he did it just to make me mad. He dumped a ton of money into this car, but in the end it wouldn’t run.” Andy said jokingly.
The unusual family business attracted the attention of a TV crew. That’s how the show Janka Empire came to be featured on a network of the Discovery Channel. This show, five years of shooting, five seasons and 60 episodes (集), is popular. “There are hundreds of junkyards throughout the United States. I think what’s interesting is that it is a family business. My father and I started the business and we joke very well back and forth and I think that’s what people like. The cars that end up at the junkyard come out with endless surprises. See, this was a junk car and we restored it with a blown motor. Yet I don’t get a chance to ride around it too often. Because despite its shining appearance, the noise of the engine is truly deafening and I worry my neighbors will not put up with it.”
4. What does Andy seem to like about his junkyard?
A. It is very large.
B. It may be a bad sight.
C. It is amazing and valuable.
D. It is his life dreamland.
5. What can we infer from the “one Dean cab” case?
A. The father is ready to follow his son’s advice.
B. The son is impatient and fed up with his father.
C. The father and son get on well with each other.
D. The father and son often disagree with each other.
6. Why is the show Janka Empire popular?
A. There are hundreds of junkyards in the United States.
B. Bobby and Andy run their family business in an unusual way.
C. The show is a series of 5 seasons and 60 episodes.
D. Bobby and Andy can make the junk car attractive.
7. Which of the following words can best describe Bobby and Andy?
A. Devoted and creative. B. Funny and ridiculous.
C. Gentle and respectable. D. Economical and wealthy.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。父亲和儿子有非常不同的工作方法。这个不寻常的家族企业引起了电视摄制组的注意。Janka Empire受欢迎的原因是鲍比和安迪以一种不同寻常的方式经营着他们的家族企业。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中But for Andy, it’s a real treasure. “I’ve been a junk hoarder (囤积者) for my whole life and I like fixing up what shouldn’t be thrown away.“但对安迪来说，这是真正的财富。“我
专题02 阅读七选五
2019年高考阅读七选五
1.【2019·全国I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” ____36____ According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.
___37___ If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.
Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). _____38_____ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. ______39______ It gives us a great feeling of peace.
___40___While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B So what are you waiting for?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
【答案】36. E 37. A 38. G 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新鲜空气的好处。新鲜空气中的氧气，阳光对人们的身心健康均有好处。人们已经开始利用大自然和治愈疾病的关系，建造“康复花园”，治疗病人。
36. E 根据下一句中“the answer is a big YES”可知，该空应该是一个一般疑问句，选项中只有E选项是一般疑问句。空前的people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air”和选项中的“your mother always said”呼应。
37. A该空格为主题句。根据空格后下一句“ If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of ...”以及本段内容可知，本部分主要讲述新鲜空气可以清洗我们的肺部，A项符合题意。
38. G 根据下一句中提到的“these places”可以推知，该空应该提到表示地点的复数名词。选项中只有G选项提到“康复花园”这一类地点名词，these places就是指Healing Gardens。
39. C 前文介绍的是“康复花园”中的绿色植物对于病人康复的好的作用空后提到“它给我们一种平和感”。该空起承上启下的作用，仍然要提到处于“康复花园”这种自然环境中的好处，空后的it也要指代这种情况。C选项指出身处大自然可以使人精神焕发符合题意。
40. D 由下文中提到的“the sun’s rays…give us beneficial Vitamin D”可知，该段介绍的阳光的好处。故该选项应该提到阳光。D选项指出获得新鲜空气的另一个好处是阳光符合题意。
2.【2019·全国II】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:“Should I jump? This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. ___36___Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
___37___ More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself , your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires ,etc. Only then should your you’re your goals
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. ___38___ So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible.____39____ They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough.____40____You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.
A. This can affect your work.
B. So how should you motivate yourself?
C. However, this should not discourage you.
D. So why should we try to set specific goals?
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it
【答案】36. G 37. B 38. A 39. E 40. C
【解析】
【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章作者对于怎样设定具体目标，给出了一些方法。
36. G 【答案与解析】考查上下文的语境理解。上文说“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”。下文说“就像孩子在跳水台，难以决定”。该空承上启下，G选项“没有目标，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它”切题，故选G。
37. B【答案与解析】考查上下文的语境理解。下文说“不仅如此，你应该如何为实现你的目标保持积极性”。该空引出下文，B选项“那么你应该如何激励自己呢”切题，故选B。
38. A【答案与解析】考查上下文的语境理解。上文说“有时候你的心不在工作上”，下文说“所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什么”。该空承上启下，A选项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选A。
39. E 【答案与解析】考查上下文的语境理解。上文说“记得，目标是灵活的”。该空承接上文，E选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题，故选E。
40. C 【答案与解析】考查上下文的语境理解。上文说“你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。”下文说“你应该重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标”。该空承上启下，C选项“然而，这也不要使你沮丧”切题，故选C。
3.【2019·全国III】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. ___36___ While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic(逻辑)of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
? ___37___ Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus(教学大纲)and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
? Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. ___38___ Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don'ts
? Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. ___39___
? Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. ___40___ When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A. That's what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do's and don' ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
【答案】36. E 37. G 38. A 39. C 40. F
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。作为学生该如何与网络课程的教授进行相处呢？文中就此提出了该做和不该做的建议。
36. E 在后句中作者提到“只是列举了其中两个，还有很多会出现的类似情况”，而文章内容则主要是介绍了对于网上学习者一些常见的要做的和不能做的事情，由此推断空格处内容和此有关，是引出文章主题的句子。故判断E选项符合语境。
37.G本段主要介绍了如何提问，提问什么样的问题。而空格处于段落小标题的位置，由此推断内容应该能概括本段中心，而且内容和question有关。故判断选G。
38. A文章开头提出要和培养和教授健康良好的沟通交流模式，所以参与论坛讨论，博客等进行对话就是这些活动的目的所在。由此推断A选项可以承接上文，是对前句的进一步解释。
39. C该部分谈到了和教授沟通时不应该做的事情。本段谈到不要去和教授们分享你的个人信息和故事，最后进行总结，如果（他们）需要更多的信息，他们就会问的，C项符合题意。
40. F该部分谈到不要在教授的课上公开表达你的不满。紧接着文中文中空格处可以提出，每个人都会有那么一两次不怎么愉快的上课经历，再结合下文可知告诫学生不要和老师们产生冲突。故F项符合题意。
4.【2019·浙江】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Rock music consists of many different styles. Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups, they make very different music. ___31___ At that time the Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool.
After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with nationwide tours. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England. ___32___ They held large concerts and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends(传说). John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year.
___33___ They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. ___34___ The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The Beatles were described as a British invasion(入侵)by local and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market. ___35___
A. They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964.
B. Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time.
C. Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s.
D. However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come.
E. Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles.
F. They appeared in the films A Hard Day's Night(1964)and Help！(1965).
G. They performed their first concert in America at CBS television's 53rd street studio.
【答案】31. C 32. B 33. A 34. G 35. E
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了摇滚乐的发展历史和披头士的成功之路。
31. C 句中衔接句。根据下文At that time可知，此处讲述摇滚乐在五、六十年代的发展，由此选C项。
32. B 句中衔接句。根据上文popular in England可知，披头士在英国很受欢迎，而B选项中Even their hairstyles became major trends可知，甚至连他们的发型也成了流行趋势之一，与上文构成前后递进关系，故选B项
33. A 段落总起句。根据该段下文内容可知，他们在美国也大受欢迎，由此知A项“他们决定去美国巡演”能很好地启迪下文，故选A项。
34. G 细节拓展句。根据下文The concert was broadcast live…可知，他们的演唱会现场直播了，故选G项能很好地拓展语境。
35. E 段落结尾句。根据上文…a lot of opportunity were opened up…知，由于披头士的引领，给后来的乐队以更好地激励和推动，这与E项语意一致，故选E项。
5.【2019·北京】根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成)in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals._____46_____Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent？
___47___They focused on football，basketball and baseball. The results are mixed For football and basketball，adding talented players to a team proves a good method，but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent；above that level, the team’s performance begins to decline. Interestingly，this trend isn’t evident in baseball. where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance.
To explain this phenomenon，the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调)their actions.______48______In baseball，the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high，team performance will suffer when there is too much talent，while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is. for example，trying to gain a high personal point total，he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，affecting the team's performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told，“There is no I in TEAM.”___49___
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team，some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛)，whenever a person is added，everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
___50___.An A-team may require a balance-not just A players，but a few generous B players as well.
A. It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent
C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers' attention.
D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.
E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.
F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.
G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.
【答案】46. B 47. E 48. G 49. D 50. F
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“如何构建团队”。
46. B 根据前文可知，大多数人认为建立一个伟大团队的最好方法是聚集一群最有才华的人。B选项的“球队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才”和下文的 “公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士” 形成并列的关系。故选B。
47. E 根据下一句中的主语 “They”可知，前一句主语应该是名词复数形式，故选E。
48. G 根据下文中的“In baseball”这一句可知，前面的内容应该是和棒球有关，故选G。
49. D 根据上文的内容可知，学习团队运动的小孩子经常被告知“团队中没有我”，但是“明星们显然不遵循这一体育道德的基本原则”。例如“If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the team's performance.”故选D。
50. F 根据下文的内容“一支一流球队可能或许需要平衡——不仅需要A级球员，而且需要慷慨的B级球员”可知，前一句是在说“建立一支梦之队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多”。故选F。
2019年名校高考模拟试题
1.【东北三省四市2019届高三二模联考】根据短文内容，从短文后的选中送出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两处为多余选项。
Nowadays along with the booming of computer science, computers are widely used here and there. People even can find computers in most classrooms. While teachers remain more or less the same, computers are doubling in speed and capability every four years. ___16___ As far as I am concerned, teachers still play a major role and are still of great importance.
___17___ However advanced they may be, computers are nothing more than human inventions programmed to perform certain tasks.
They are unable to deal with students with different background. Needless to say, a classroom is a place where individual attention and creativity matter most. Therefore, computers are no better than other tools used by teachers and couldn’t possibly make the roles played by them weaker.
In terms of accuracy and the amount of information, computers outshine humans. ___18___ Indeed, a good teacher organizes and inspires the students.
Besides, the interaction between students and teachers is vital for the learning. According to most education authorities, real learning occurs during the discussion and sharing of ideas with one’s teacher and classmates. Moreover, a teacher is there to monitor every slight change in students’ attitude, to respond to and encourage them whenever they show signs of frustration and impatience. ___19___
Despite the increasing presence of computers inside classrooms, teachers are just as essential, if not more so, as instructors were in the past. ___20___
A. It’s time that teachers should develop themselves.
B. Without this kind of interaction, education is unimaginable.
C. Advanced as computers may be, some teachers are less impatient.
D. But to make a good teacher means far more than being an encyclopedia (百科全书).
E. People can’t help wondering whether teachers are as important as they once were.
F. Some drawbacks make it impossible for computers to replace teachers in classrooms.
G. It is well known that computers are better at repetitive work but incapable of creative thinking.
【答案】16. E 17. G
18. D 19. B
20. F
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。随着计算机科学的蓬勃发展，计算机在国内外得到了广泛的应用。人们甚至可以在大多数教室里找到电脑。虽然教师几乎保持不变，但计算机的速度和能力每四年翻一番。人们不禁想知道教师是否和以前一样重要。就作者而言，教师仍然扮演着重要的角色，而且仍然很重要。
【16题详解】
由第一段“ While teachers remain more or less the same, computers are doubling in speed and capability every four years. ___1___ As far as I am concerned, teachers still play a major role and are still of great importance”可知，虽然教师几乎保持不变，但计算机的速度和能力每四年翻一番。就我而言，教师仍然扮演着重要的角色，而且仍然很重要。所以小题1在句中起着承上启下的作用。故E选项“人们不禁想知道教师是否和以前一样重要”符合句意。故E选项切题。
【17题详解】
由第二段“However advanced they may be, computers are nothing more than human inventions programmed to perform certain tasks.”可知，无论计算机多么先进，它不过是为完成某些任务而设计的人类发明。所以小题2与后一句为承接关系，来说明计算机不可能超越人类的思维，它不过是为完成某些任务而设计的人类发明。故G选项“所周知，计算机擅长重复工作，但不具备创造性思维能力”符合句意。故G选项切题。
【18题详解】
由第三段“In terms of accuracy and the amount of information, computers outshine humans”可知，在准确性和信息量方面，计算机比人类聪明。所以小题3要与前句构成转折关系，以此来引出下一句。故D选项“但要成为一名好教师，远不止是一本百科全书”符合句意。故D选项切题。
【19题详解】
由第五段“ Moreover, a teacher is there to monitor every slight change in students’ attitude, to respond to and encourage them whenever they show signs of frustration and impatience. ”可知，此外，教师还负责监督学生态度的每一个细微变化，每当他们表现出沮丧和不耐烦的迹象时，就对他们做出回应和鼓励。所以小题4对比性地说明没有这种互动，教育是不可想象的。故B选项“没有这种互动，教育是不可想象的”符合句意。故B选项切题。
【20题详解】
由最后段“Despite the increasing presence of computers inside classrooms, teachers are just as essential, if not more so, as instructors were in the past”可知，尽管教室里的电脑越来越多，但教师和过去的教师一样重要，甚至更重要。所以小题5要总结性地表明自己的观点既有些缺点使计算机无法取代教室里的教师。故F选项“有些缺点使计算机无法取代教室里的教师”符合句意。故F选项切题。
2.【河北省保定市2019届高三下学期第二次模拟】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever been in a situation where first aid was required? Did you know what to do? Did you feel adequately equipped and confident enough to perform first aid procedures? At the SOS Center, trained professions provide some one-on one and group courses in first aid. ___16___.
First Aid For Infants (婴儿)
This course is designed for first- time parents who do not have a basic knowledge of first aid for infants and babies, ___17___, or if you want to avoid more life threatening problems and illnesses, you will get them from these topics.
First Aid for Children
Every parent knows the fear of releasing their small child out into the world, away from their watchful eye. ___18___. This course teaches parents how to determine when an injury requires stitches (缝针), how to treat basic cuts, as well as how to treat sunburns and other wounds.
___19___
Our most popular course offers all kinds of approaches to applying first aid. In this two-day course, you’ll learn some basic skills such as how to respond when a child or adult chokes, what to do if someone has a heart attack or stroke, how to react to snake bites and spider bites, and more. This course is highly recommended for learners of all ages.
___20___. In addition, we are planning to open special courses in community centers around Beijing. For more information on SOS and our course selection or to register for a course, please visit www.firstthigsfirst.com.
A. Basic Training Course in First Aid
B. Various First-Aid Courses for Babies
C. When you want to ease your baby’s discomforts
D. If you want to avoid the risk of your parents’ injuries
E. Classes are offered on a regular basis at our main office
F. We offer a variety of courses designed to meet particular needs
G. As children grow more adventurous, the risk of injury increases as well
【答案】16. F 17. C
18. G 19. A
20. E
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍在SOS中心，训练有素的专业人员提供一些一对一和集体急救课程。
【16题详解】
上文提示“在SOS中心，训练有素的专业人员提供一些一对一和集体急救课程。”承接上文，F项We offer a variety of courses designed to meet particular needs（我们提供各种各样的课程，以满足特定的需要）切题。故选F。
【17题详解】
结合句子结构___2___, or if you want to avoid more life threatening problems and illnesses, you will get them from these topics.可知此处应该是一个状语从句，所以只能在C/D中选择，再根据空格下文，“或者，如果你想避免更多威胁生命的问题和疾病，你会从这些话题中得到它们。”承接下文，C项When you want to ease your baby’s discomforts（当你想要缓解宝宝的不适时）切题。故选C。
【18题详解】
下文提示“本课程教家长如何确定何时需要缝合伤口，如何治疗基本伤口，以及如何治疗晒伤和其他伤口。”承接下文，G项As children grow more adventurous, the risk of injury increases as well（随着孩子们变得更爱冒险，受伤的风险也会增加）切题。故选G。
【19题详解】
此空是一个小标题，根据下文提示“我们最受欢迎的课程提供各种急救方法。”下文在讲述各种急救方法，所以A项 Basic Training Course in First Aid（急救基本训练课程）切题。故选A。
【20题详解】
下文提示“此外，我们还计划在北京周边的社区中心开设特殊课程。”承接下文，E项Classes are offered on a regular basis at our main office（我们的办公室定期提供课程）切题。故选E。
3.【2019年淮北?宿州高三第二次模拟】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It’s often said that your parents’ job is to make?sure?that one day?you?no longer need them. And that’s certainly the case by?the time you have kids of your own. However, this is precisely the time when your parents start to need?you. How do you talk to your aging parents about their health? ___16___, but these tips make it easier.
Before a conversation, you had better establish yourself as a friend, not an enemy. Always start with an “I” statement, not a “you should” statement. ___17___.
Scientists recommend beginning a conversation about something you’re doing—taking up yoga to stay slim, for instance. ___18___. And you can even have her commit to doing it with you.?When you’re a friend day-to-day, your parents will trust you and be able to depend on you?during a health crisis.
___19___. Start by equipping them with a smartphone that’s designed for seniors. Staying in close phone contact will keep you informed of any arising health issues. It will help you pick up on faults in their memory, too.
Your parents are your parents until they’re gone. Do not treat them like children. Even if you find that there’s an emergency going on, you can make suggestions, but they have the right to make decisions, especially if there’s no cognitive (认知的) disorder. ___20___, helping your parents in their later years is the least you can do. With the proper measures and technology, it can get easier and feel even more rewarding.
A. Just as they have been there for you
B. It may not be a simple conversation to have
C. It can mean changes in your parents’ schedule
D. Scientists also suggests phoning your parents regularly
E. That can lead to asking your mom what she’s doing to keep fit
F. Talk about affairs about yourself first, then extend them to your parents
G. Scientists recommend opening the door to dialogue instead of calling them
【答案】16. B 17. F
18. E 19. D
20. A
【解析】
本文是一篇健康类短文阅读。文章介绍了如何和父母沟通并分享了和他们谈论健康问题的一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据前句How do you talk to your aging parents about their health? 你如何和年迈的父母谈论他们的健康?和后文but these tips make it easier.可知前面是讲解一件并不容易的事，所以选择B选项It may not be a simple conversation to have这可能不是一个简单的对话。注意前后的转折关系。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据前文Always start with an “I” statement, not a “you should” statement. 可知下文要以自己的口吻和父母谈论事情，先谈论自己的事，再扩展到关心父母的健康，因此选F. Talk about affairs about yourself first, then extend them to your parents先谈论自己的私事，然后再把这些事告诉你的父母。。关键词start 和first也是对应关系。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据后文And you can even have her commit to doing it with you. 你甚至可以让她承诺和你一起做这件事。尤其是关键词can even可知，前面有一个“这样做可以……”的类似结构。因此选E. That can lead to asking your mom what she’s doing to keep fit. 这可能会导致你问你妈妈她在做什么来保持健康，这个选项也对应前文的stay slim。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据上一段的Scientists recommend beginning a conversation about something you’re doing科学家们建议开始谈论你正在做的事情，可以推测出本段的D . Scientists also suggests phoning your parents regularly科学家还建议经常给父母打电话，同时根据本段下文Staying in close phone contact will keep you informed of any arising health issues保持密切的电话联系等信息判断。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据后句helping your parents in their later years is the least you can do.现在帮助你的父母是你应该做的事情，不要“子欲养而亲不待”，可知，Just as they have been there for you.正如父母曾经总是在你身边支持陪伴你一样。故选A。
4.【山东省日照市2019届高三5月校际联合考试】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some people think working overtime means you’re a hard worker. You have to sacrifice your personal time to stay at work, produce something, help the company, and be a more devoted employee. But is that right? ___36___ This means it takes you longer to produce something than someone else.
A good manager knows how to encourage his employees to work to their full potential instead of expecting them to work late even if they don’t have something to do. People who stay in their office until late hate their jobs. ___37___
Overworking may negatively influence the level of productivity and efficiency(效率). Any company that makes their employees work those hours is not being managed well. The fault lies with management, who should take a good look at themselves. ___38___ And the boss would prefer you work efficiently 7 hours and then go back home than 8 hours with poor efficiency.
___39___ The fact is the competition is so fierce that if you don’t work hard someone will easily and willingly replace you, especially in the IT industry. Employees are told they need to work longer hours or they don’t belong or are denied promotions. It is time to abandon the culture of overworking, to work smarter, more efficiently and have a balance with personal life.
Nowadays, it’s hard for a young person to build a good future, for pressures are on his (or her) shoulders: housing, children, parents, themselves, etc. But everyone must keep working hard to have ourselves on the way to the good future, which is not certain. ___40___
A. No one wants to work overtime.
B. The boss thinks highly of overworking.
C. Working too many hours only means you are inefficient.
D. And it affects their performance, as well as other aspects of their life.
E. What’s sure is that if you’re lazy and don’t work hard, no good future will come.
F. Managers believe that overworking is an evidence of devotion from their employees’ side.
G. In many countries, overworking would be criticized because it reflects poor work efficiency.
【答案】36. C 37. D
38. G 39. A
40. E
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。有些人认为加班意味着你工作努力。在许多国家，加班会受到批评，因为它反映了工作效率低下。但使自己在通往美好未来的道路上每个人都必须继续努力工作。可以肯定的是，如果你懒惰，不努力工作，就不会有好的未来。
【36题详解】
下文提示“这意味着你要比别人花更长的时间来完成一件事。”承接下文，C项Working too many hours only means you are inefficient.（工作时间太长只会让你效率低下。）切题。故选C。
【37题详解】
上文提示“在办公室呆到很晚的人讨厌他们的工作。”承接上文，D项And it affects their performance, as well as other aspects of their life.（它影响他们的表现，以及他们生活的其他方面。）切题。该项中的it指上文内容。故选D。
【38题详解】
下文提示“老板更喜欢你高效地工作7个小时，然后回家，而不是效率低下地工作8个小时。”承接下文，G项In many countries, overworking would be criticized because it reflects poor work efficiency.（在许多国家，加班会受到批评，因为它反映了工作效率低下。）切题。关键词work efficiency。故选G。
【39题详解】
下文提示“事实是，竞争是如此激烈，如果你不努力工作，别人会很容易和愿意取代你，尤其是在IT行业。”承接下文，A项No one wants to work overtime.（没有人愿意加班。）切题。上下句构成一种转折关系。故选A。
【40题详解】
上文提示“但使自己在通往美好未来的道路上每个人都必须继续努力工作，因为未来的路是不确定的。”承接上文，E项 What’s sure is that if you’re lazy and don’t work hard, no good future will come.（可以肯定的是，如果你懒惰，不努力工作，就不会有好的未来。）切题。故选E。
5.【安徽省蚌埠市2019届高三第三次教学质量检查】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you just moved, you might be wondering who lives in your neighborhood. It’s always a nice surprise to learn that there are families similar to your family close by. ___16___ Here are some tips on how to make a good first and lasting impression.
Do a Drop and Hi. Within the first few weeks of getting settled, consider dropping a small baked good or local treat with a card that includes your phone number and name. ___17___
Host Something. Once you are on a first - name basis with a few of your neighbors, consider hosting a small meet and greet event. Do something outside like a BBQ to keep things simple and relaxed.
___18___ It’s always such a nice gesture if you help your neighbor with bringing in their garbage can or ask if you can help carry groceries, etc. Ask if you can help or suggest they borrow one of your tools. Being considerate goes a long way.
Exchange Numbers. It’s important to exchange numbers, especially if you or your neighbor may be traveling. ___19___
Good neighbors become friends and always watch out for each other. ___20___
A. Help When You Can.
B. Hold a Positive Attitude.
C. It’s no good having a face - to - face talk.
D. You can then tell them if you see anything wrong happening.
E. A “looking forward to meeting you” type note is always nice.
F. But how do you make sure you’re the kind of neighbor people want to spend time with?
G. With these tips, you’ll find yourself with a good community of close friends in no time.
【答案】16. F 17. E
18. A 19. D
20. G
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。假设你刚搬入一个新的小区，想对周围邻居有更多的了解。作者在文中提出了在这种情况下如何建立好印象的一些建议。
【16题详解】
空格位于段中。用设问的方式在第一段和第二段之间起承上启下的作用。选项中F是一个问句，且其中的“make sure you’re the kind of neighbor people want to spend time with（确定你是人们想共度时间的那种邻居）”与空格后一句中的“make a good first and lasting impression（形成好的第一印象和后续印象）”呼应。故选F。
【17题详解】
空格位于段尾。属于细节句子。上一句句意：在安顿好的前几周内，考虑送邻居一块烘培点心或者特产，附上有你电话和名字信息的卡片。选项E中的“A “looking forward to meeting you” type note（盼望见到你这样类型的卡片）”与前一句中的“card”呼应。故选E。
【18题详解】
空格位于段首。属于主旨句。本段落中多次出现“help（帮助）”，帮邻居带下去垃圾，帮邻居拎东西，借给邻居东西。选项A中的“Help When You Can.（能帮忙的时候就帮忙）”与其呼应。故选A。
【19题详解】
空格位于段尾。属于细节句子。空格前一句句意：交换电话号码很重要，特别是在你或者你邻居旅行的时候。选项D中的“You can then tell them if you see anything wrong happening.（当有不正常的事情发生时你可以告诉他们。）”与上一句所设场景符合。故选D。
【20题详解】
空格位于段尾，也位于篇章结尾。是总结概括的句子。选项G中的“With these tips”与第一段尾句中的“Here are some tips”在篇章结构上前后呼应，并且是经典的总结概括的句型。故选G。
【点睛】七选五题目分为有小标题题和无小标题题。有小标题题是相对比较简单的。根据空格所在位置，一般可以分为总说处空格，总结处空格，小标题空格，小标题内空格。总说处空格引出下文内容，一般会有here are some…/ The followings are…等这样经典的引出下文的句型。并且会用设问方式或者状语从句方式引出下文。例如本题中的第一题是利用设问方式引出下文。总结处空格一般都会有像thus, as a result, so, therefore, with…这样明显的总结性词汇。例如本题中的第五题。小标题空格题与小标题内空格题一般可根据小标题与所在段落内容一致的原则得到答案，例如本题中的二三四题。
6. 【浙江省杭州外国语学校2019年高考五月月考】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空自处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fun Writing Activities for Struggling Writers
There are dozens of reasons kids struggle with writing. They may have difficulty getting their thoughts down on paper._____11_____Perhaps grammar and language barriers are blocking their progress. Whatever the reason, adding a little fun can be a great way to get the creative juices flowing.
_____12_____
Sometimes writers get stuck because they simply don’t know where to start. For a child, you can try things that are geared(合适)toward their interests, like My Favorite Toy, or What I Like to Do in the Summer. Remember, it' s important to support and guide their ideas, not to discourage thoughts or judge them.
Develop a story map
A great activity to help struggling writers is to build a story map. Write down ideas for the beginning, middle, and end of a story. Or put the topic in the middle of the paper and draw lines out like a wheel for who, what where, and why. _____13_____ This is helpful, because it takes stress out of the writing process.
Make writing relevant
Children are more apt to write if they can identify with the purpose of writing. Writing a letter to a friend or relative can better engage a struggling writer. Or maybe your child has some suggestions for books that the library should have. _____14_____ If writing becomes a more meaningful activity to the child, it can help to make it an easier process.
Make writing enjoyable
You could consider making different writing supplies available like colored pens and pencils, notebooks, etc. Or you could provide a word bank of common words for your kid to use and spell. ___15___ Afterwards, reward your child’s good performance. These all set the stage and invite kids to get excited to write.
A. Inspire ideas
B. Develop an interest.
C. Use the map to guide the writing.
D. Make the process into more of a game.
E. Maybe they lack experiences to write about
F. There are loads of fun ways to get children writing.
G. Encourage him to write a letter to the person in charge
【答案】11. E 12. A
13. C 14. G
15. D
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了提高孩子写作能力的几个小技巧。
【11题详解】
根据本空前的“They may have difficulty getting their thoughts down on paper.”可知，也许他们很难把自己的想法写出来，故E项（也许他们缺乏写作经验）符合语境。
【12题详解】
根据本段最后一句“it' s important to support and guide their ideas, not to discourage thoughts or judge them.”可知，重要而是支持和引导他们的想法而不是阻止他们的想法或评判他们，故A项（激发灵感）符合语境。
【13题详解】
根据本段小标题及本空前的“Or put the topic in the middle of the paper and draw lines out like a wheel for who, what where, and why.”可知，把主题写在纸中间，然后像画轮子一样画出人物、地点以及原因，故C项（用故事图指导写作）正确。
【14题详解】
根据本空前的“Or maybe your child has some suggestions for books that the library should have.”可知，你的孩子对图书馆应该有的书有一些建议，故G项（鼓励他给负责任人写信）符合语境。
【15题详解】
根据本段小标题及本空前的“Or you could provide a word bank of common words for your kid to use and spell.”可知，你可以为孩子们提供一个常用词库，让他们使用和拼写，故D项（让这个过程更像是一个游戏）符合语境。
7. 【河南省安阳市2019届高三毕业班第二次模拟】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Cold weather is good for you
With winter approaching, people begin to complain about cold weather. ___16___ There’ s plenty to love about cold weather. And there’ s plenty of evidence that cooler temperatures can be part of a healthy life.
First, cooler temperatures can help you lose weight. It can also help you sleep better. You might feel uncomfortable at first if you cool your bedroom down. But if you, for example, switch your bedroom temperature from 72 down to 62 degrees gradually over a few weeks, your body will adjust. ___17___
I have long kept my winter house temperature at 62 degrees. How did I find that number? Well, I experimented on myself about eight years ago. ___18___ I started at 66 and turned it down one degree every few days until 60. I found when the temperature was colder than 62, I couldn’t focus. But 62 was perfect. Another benefit for me was that it also kept me clear-headed while working at home.
Interestingly, science also says 62 degrees is the magic number for brainwork. ___19___ It said 62 degrees was the temperature at which the schoolboy subjects of the study functioned perfect. And while we’ re speaking of work and school, other research shows that people study better when the weather outside is “bad”.
___20___ But according to a Harvard Health Letter from 2010, proper cold temperatures could be good for skin because it trains blood vessels in the skin to be responsive. So, rosy cheeks ! There’ s no reason to be afraid of winter weather. Hug it and you, too, can enjoy the season.
A. I recently read a 1972 study.
B. And you’ll save money on energy costs as well.
C. Many people like to use cold water to wash their face.
D. At that time, I worked at home and liked warm temperature.
E. Most of us think cold weather leads to dry skin and wrinkling.
F. The reason was that I hated spending money on heating bills.
G. But if you’ re active and healthy, it doesn’t have to be a negative thing.
【答案】16. G 17. B
18. F 19. A
20. E
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。作者从自身经验出发论证了低温对身体健康的好处，比如：低温可以帮助你减肥。它也有助于您保持清醒，还可以节省取暖费用。且这一论点已经得到了科学的论证——哈佛大学2010年的一封健康信指出，适当的低温对皮肤有好处，因为它能训练皮肤中的血管做出反应。
【16题详解】
根据下文There’ s plenty to love about cold weather.可知，寒冷的天气有很多让人喜欢的地方，再根据上文With winter approaching, people begin to complain about cold weather.人们抱怨寒冷的天气，可推测上文是提出寒冷的天气也未必是一件坏事，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文But if you, for example, switch your bedroom temperature from 72 down to 62 degrees gradually over a few weeks, your body will adjust.（但是，举例来说，如果你在几周内把卧室的温度从72度逐渐调低到62度，你的身体就会做出调整。）可推测，下文继续对这一行为进行说明：你还可以节省能源方面的支出。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文How did I find that number? Well, I experimented on myself about eight years ago.（我是怎么找到这个数字的?八年前我在自己身上做过实验。）可推测，下文是作者描述自己这么做的原因是：原因是我讨厌把钱花在取暖费上。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据上文Interestingly, science also says 62 degrees is the magic number for brainwork.（有趣的是，科学也说62度是脑力劳动的神奇数字。）可知，下文要提到科学方面的研究，science可对应到A选项中的study，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据下文But according to a Harvard Health Letter from 2010, proper cold temperatures could be good for skin because it trains blood vessels in the skin to be responsive.（但根据哈佛大学2010年的一封健康信，适当的低温对皮肤有好处，因为它能训练皮肤中的血管做出反应。）可知，But为转折连词，即前后文意思相反，故前文应为人们对低温的误解：我们大多数人认为寒冷的天气会导致皮肤干燥和起皱纹。故选E。
8.【安徽省黄山市2019届高三第三次质量检测】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sports offer kids the ability to exercise while having fun, the chance to learn how to play as a team, and a good way to develop athletic skills. Despite these benefits, 70% of kids quit sports by the age of 13. ___16___.
◆___17___.
Have you ever watched kindergarteners play soccer against another team of kindergarteners? It is both enjoyable and amusing. No matter what the score, all the kids have a good time and are happy.
___18___. The focus changes from having fun to practicing skills. Only the pre-teens with the best skills can get the most time in the game. What was a fun activity at age 5 becomes a source of stress and pressure for a pre-teen. Those who are not among the most talented players tend to quit and find something else they might be good at.
◆ It costs more.
___19___. Parents of a pre-teen are going to need to purchase a uniform, gear, and equipment. Teams need to travel to compete against teams from other schools or districts. Parents who want to watch the games now have extra gas costs to deal with.
Therefore, when an activity becomes expensive, parents start pushing their pre-teen to do well in it. Perhaps the parents complain that if their pre-teen is sitting on the bench, or isn’t the star player, the money wasn’t worth it. This adds extra pressure on a pre-teen who might quit the team.
◆ It’s the age.
Parents need to remember that pre-teens are going through a lot of changes. Their bodies are changing School has become more challenging (and requires them to manage a lot of homework). ___20___ If your pre-teen’s friends quit playing soccer, your pre-teen might quit as well.
A. Their peers are becoming more important to them than their family is.
B. The more money in a sport, the less participation in it.
C. As kids get older, the experience of playing sports changes.
D. The older a player gets, the more expensive the participation in a sport becomes.
E. It stops being fun.
F. Here are some reasons why that happens.
G. Their friends are becoming bored of some sport.
【答案】16. F 17. E
18. C 19. D
20. A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。体育运动给孩子们提供了运动的能力，同时玩得开心，有机会学习如何作为一个团队，以及发展体育技能的好方法。尽管有这些好处，70%的孩子在13岁之前就放弃了运动。文章叙述了其中的一些原因。
【16题详解】
上文提示“尽管有这些好处，70%的孩子在13岁之前就放弃了运动。”承接上文，F项Here are some reasons why that happens.（以下是其中的一些原因）切题。故选F。
【17题详解】
此空是小标题。结合下文标题结构可知E项有可能对。再根据下文提示“你看过幼儿园的孩子和另一队幼儿园的孩子踢足球吗?它既有趣又有趣。”可知，E项 It stops being fun.（它不再有趣。）切题。故选E。
【18题详解】
下文提示“重点从玩乐转向练习技巧。”承接下文，C项As kids get older, the experience of playing sports changes.（随着孩子年龄的增长，运动的体验也会发生变化。）切题。故选C。
【19题详解】
下文提示“未成年人的父母需要购买制服、装备和设备。”承接下文，D项The older a player gets, the more expensive the participation in a sport becomes.（运动员年龄越大，参加一项运动的费用就越高。）切题。故选D。
【20题详解】
下文提示“如果你十几岁前的朋友不踢足球了，你也可能就不踢了。”承接下文，A项 Their peers are becoming more important to them than their family is.（对他们来说，同龄人比家人更重要。）切题。故选A。
9.【广东省六校2019届高三第四次联考】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Camping essentials (必需品)
Camping can be a fun and cheap family activity or vacation. But you do need quite a few supplies to manage life in the great outdoors. ___16___ . And remember to check your camping essentials.
Tent
Unless you’re sleeping under the stars or you have a camper or an RV, don’t forget the obvious one: a tent! Check the measurements and user reviews when you are buying one.
Sleeping Bag and Pillow
Even if the weather looks hot for your camping trip, bring a sleeping bag for every camper. Without a pillow, you would be facing a rocky night’s sleep. ___17___.
___18___
Flashlights are another camping item. Bring multiple flashlights and extra batteries, and also consider buying a camping lantern. Lanterns are great because they shed more light in all directions and stand on their own so that you can play cards or games at night.
The Anti-itch Cream
Keep away from mosquitoes, black flies and other biters. Don’t forget the anti-itch cream to apply after insect bites. ___19___. Ask doctors for which products to use.
Campfire Supplies
Matches stored in a plastic bag, dry firewood and dry newspapers are all you need for a campfire. ___20___. Each campfire should have its own stone campfire spot and many also provide a cast-iron shelf for cooking on. In addition, there are other camping essentials, such as kitchen items, bottled food and water, toilet paper, first-aid kits, and books and games. All the above can enrich your outdoor camping.
A. Cards or games
B. Flashlights and lanterns
C. Kids also like having a pillow for the long car ride
D. Bring clothes for all types of weather, from hot to rainy days
E. Find out what you’ll need to pack for your camping adventure
F. You and your kids can do a quick hunt for dry wood for your fire
G. Just keep in mind that many sprays contain high levels of chemicals
【答案】16. E 17. C
18. B 19. G
20. F
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。露营可以是一种既有趣又便宜的家庭活动或假期。文章就露营需要携带的物品给出了五点建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文But you do need quite a few supplies to manage life in the great outdoors.可知你确实需要一些用品来应对户外生活。可知下文应是继续建议：找出你需要为你的野营冒险准备的东西。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文Without a pillow, you would be facing a rocky night’s sleep. 没有枕头，夜晚你将睡不好。关键词pillow可对应到C选项中having a pillow，意思是：孩子们也喜欢在长途汽车旅行时有一个枕头。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据下文第一句Flashlights are another camping item.可知提到了手电筒是另一种露营用品。故本段为建议带上手电筒或者提灯等照明设备，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文Don’t forget the anti-itch cream to apply after insect bites.可知别忘了在被昆虫叮咬后使用止痒霜。以及后文Ask doctors for which products to use. 询问医生使用哪些产品。可知是因为许多喷雾剂含有高浓度的化学物质，因此在使用前要咨询医生的意见，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文Matches stored in a plastic bag, dry firewood and dry newspapers are all you need for a campfire.可知火柴储存在塑料袋里，干柴和干报纸是你生火所需要的一切。提到了campfire可对应到F选项中for your fire，意思为：你和你的孩子可以快速寻找干木头来生火。故选F。
10.【宁夏银川一中2019届高三第二次模拟】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sometimes it can be hard to recognize a true friend, one who is loyal(忠诚的)and one who is worth keeping by your side. The suggestions provided in this article will help to guide you in working out which friends are likely to be true.
Be able to trust your friends. You should be able to trust true friends and they should return this trust. Your friends tell you secrets that no one else knows. Let you share secrets. Ask you for advice._____36_____ However, if your friends hide things from you and act secretive, this could be a sign that they do not trust you, but it could also mean your friends keep to themselves or don’t like to reveal too much about themselves.
Consider comfort. How comfortable do your friends feel when they are around you? Watch them, are they being themselves or are they timid (胆怯的)around you? _____37_____True friendships can take a while to develop, but if your friends are true, they should feel comfortable around you.
_____38_____This is not meant in a romantic way, but consider whether your friends are comfortable with the touch. If your friends are fine with hugging you, leaning on you, resting their heads on your shoulder and so forth, then you can judge they love you.
Think about loyalty. True friends are always there for one another. If you are in need of a helping hand, your true friends should be there to offer it to you. _____39_____You can trust friends with anything, knowing that they will be loyal and will not let your secrets out.
Look at how you fight. Nearly all best friends fight; so if you and your friend have a little dispute(争论), don't sweat it! _____40_____. They will not tell each other’s secrets and they still care about each other.
A. Consider the touch barrier.
B. Consider how you insult each other.
C They should know that you are not serious.
D. These are sure signs that your friends trust you.
E. Are they acting fake—perhaps hiding an insecurity?
F. True friends should not get one another into trouble.
G. True friends will remain faithful and find their way through a fight.
【答案】36. D 37. E
38. A 39. F
40. G
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们介绍如何识别一个真正的朋友。
【36题详解】
考查承上启下句。根据前两句Do your friends tell you secrets that no one else knows? Ask you for advice? （你的朋友会告诉你没有其他人知道的秘密吗？征求你的意见了吗？）和后句的转折根据However, if your friends hide things from you and act secretive, this could be a sign that they do not trust you, （然而，如果你的朋友对你隐瞒事情，那么这表明他们可能不信任你。）可知，前面两点是你朋友信任你的明显迹象。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查上下文衔接。根据前两句How comfortable do your friends feel when they are around you? Watch them, are they being themselves or are they timid (胆怯的)around you? 当你的朋友和你在一起时，他们感觉有多舒服? 看着他们，他们在你身边时是真实的自己还是说他们变得胆小了?前面用的是问句，所以后一句继续用问句来问Are they acting fake—perhaps hiding an insecurity? 他们是不是在装模作样——也许是在隐藏一种不安全感?故选E。
【38题详解】
考查主题句。根据This is not meant in a romantic way, but consider whether your friends are comfortable with the touch. 这并不是说要浪漫，而是要考虑你的朋友们是否喜欢这种触摸。这里提到了关键词touch，选项 Consider the touch barrier. 考虑一下触摸障碍。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查上下文衔接。根据前句If you are in need of a helping hand, your true friends should be there to offer it to you. 如果你需要帮助，你真正的朋友应该在那里提供给你。那么真正的朋友不会给让你陷入困境。故选F。
【40题详解】
考查上下文衔接。Nearly all best friends fight; so if you and your friend have a little dispute(争论), don't sweat it! 几乎所有最好的朋友都会吵架，如果你和你的朋友有小小的争执，别担心!后句They will not tell each other’s secrets and they still care about each other. 他们不会告诉对方的秘密，他们仍然关心对方。因为他们互相关心，所以必须找到缓和争执的机会。所以True friends will remain faithful and find their way through a fight. 真正的朋友会保持忠诚，并在争执中找到出路。故选G。
11．【河北省唐山市2019届高三第二次模拟】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
At the end of a long day, it’s all too easy to take a hot shower, brush your teeth, and then jump into bed. ___16___ As it turns out, going to bed with wet hair isn’t as harmless as you probably thought.
The first negative result of sleeping with wet hair is purely cosmetic (美容). ___17___ lf you try to style your hair in the morning after sleeping on it wet, you’re probably going to have trouble styling the resulting curliness (卷曲), funny waves, and flat sides.
When you wake up, you’re probably going to have to re-wet it again to properly dry it and regain control. ___18___.
Sleeping with wet hair does not immediately damage your hair, but it can certainly lead to hair breakage, because hair is weakest when wet.
___19___ First, you can swap your cotton pillowcases for silk ones. Silk has a much smoother surface, so you won’t experience as much unfortunate breakage.
Next, you can make sure to sleep with your hair down, instead of up in a tight ponytail. In addition, you should replace your tight bands with a soft one that isn’t going to roughly pull at night.
___20___ Dry oils and texturizing mousses (摩丝) are some of the best ways to ensure you don’t wake up looking like a lion while protecting your precious hair from damage.
Now that you know how bad sleeping with wet hair is, make sure you’re not making these hairstyle mistakes.
A. Finally, never skip out on applying product.
B. Here are some tips that can help dry any hair faster.
C. This unnecessarily adds time to your morning routine.
D. If you haven’t noticed, the ends of your hair tend to dry first.
E. You can’t predict how your wet hair is going to look in the morning.
F. But have you ever thought about the risks of sleeping with wet hair?
G. If you must sleep with wet hair, there are a few ways to minimize the damage.
【答案】16. F 17. E
18. C 19. G
20. A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍晚上睡觉头发湿的所带来的麻烦，以及湿着头发睡觉减少伤害的方法。
【16题详解】
根据前句At the end of a long day, it’s all too easy to take a hot shower, brush your teeth, and then jump into bed. 在漫长的一天结束后，洗个热水澡，刷牙，然后上床睡觉，这一切都太容易了，和后句As it turns out, going to bed with wet hair isn’t as harmless as you probably thought. 事实证明，湿着头发睡觉并不像你想象的那么无害，可知，这里为转折。但你有没有想过湿着头发睡觉的风险?故选F。
【17题详解】
根据前句The first negative result of sleeping with wet hair is purely cosmetic (美容). 湿着头发睡觉的第一个负面结果纯粹是美容，和后句If you try to style your hair in the morning after sleeping on it wet, you’re probably going to have trouble styling the resulting curliness (卷曲), funny waves, and flat sides.湿头发所带来的麻烦，可知，你无法预测你湿漉漉的头发在早上会是什么样子。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据前句When you wake up, you’re probably going to have to re-wet it again to properly dry it and regain control. 当你醒来的时候，你可能需要再次弄湿它，使它完全干燥，重新获得控制，可知，这不必要地增加了你早上的时间。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据下文First, you can swap your cotton pillowcases for silk ones. 把棉枕套换成丝绸枕套，和Next, you can make sure to sleep with your hair down, instead of up in a tight ponytail. 确保睡觉的时候头发是垂下来的，可知，这里为湿着头发睡觉，可以减少伤害的几个方法。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据后句Dry oils and texturizing mousses (摩丝) are some of the best ways to ensure you don’t wake up looking like a lion while protecting your precious hair from damage. 干油和组织化处理摩丝是一些最好的方法，以确保你不醒来看起来像一头狮子同时保护你珍贵的头发损伤。可知，千万不要忽略应用产品。故选A。
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专题03 完形填空
2019年高考完形填空
1.【2019·全国I】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They ___41___ with them lots of waste. The ___42___ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing, changing the ___43___ of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories, I’m ___44___ about the place — other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.
However, I soon ___45___ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of ___46___ among tons of rubbish. I find a ___47___ mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are ___48___ but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be ___49___.
The best of a Kilimanjaro ___50___, in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are ___51___ as spiritual places by many cultures. This ___52___ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as ___53___ go through five ecosystems(生态系统)in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, ___54___ lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather ___55___ — low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I ___56___ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland ___57___: gravel(砾石), stones and rocks. ___58___ you climb into an arctic-like zone with ___59___ snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.
Does Kilimanjaro ___60___ its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true.
41. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring
42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters
43. A. position B. age C. face D. name
44. A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy
45. A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate
46. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones
47. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean
48. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary
49. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away
50. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight
51. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded
52. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose
53. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials
54. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to
55. A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits
56. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add
57. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake
58. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally
59. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial
60. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. C 44. B 45. A 46. C 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. A 56. C 57. B 58. D 59. A 60. B
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。每年有四万登山者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力马扎罗山，人们的蜂拥而至带来了垃圾，破坏了这里宁静的环境。再加上冰川的消失，改变着它的地貌。但是现在，由于政府的努力，情况已经出现了好转。
41. D 结合上下文可知，他们带来了很多的垃圾。keep保持；mix混合；connect联系；bring带来。由“lots of waste”可知是带来了垃圾。故选D。
42. C拥挤的人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。story故事；building建筑物；crowd人群；reporter记者。 由“40,000”可知指的是庞大的人群。故选C。
43. C 冰川正在消失，改变着乞力马扎罗山的地貌。冰川是乞力马扎罗山地貌之一，所以冰山融化会改变它的地貌。position位置；age年龄；face外貌；name名字。故选C。
44. B 结合空格后“other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.”可知，其他旅游地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验。由此可见，乞力马扎罗山的这种糟糕让我开始有了怀疑。silent 沉默的；skepetical怀疑的；serious严肃的； crazy疯狂的。故选B。
45. A 然而，我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况大有改观。由“much has changed ”可知，作者发现了很大的变化。 discover发现；argue争论，主张；decide决定；advocate提倡。故选A。
46. C 结合上一题解析以及下文“at camps ”可知，本句属于原词再现，指营地周围。equipment装备；grass 草；camps 营地； stone石头。故选C。
47. D 由“with toilet at camps and along the paths”可知，营地里和路边都有厕所。所以这是一座干净的山。remote遥远的；quiet安静的tall高的；clean干净的。故选D。
48. C 环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。根据前文可知，很多的登山者来到乞力马扎罗山以及冰川可能会消失。这对于环境来说是一个巨大的挑战。new新的；special特殊的；significant相当大的；necessary必要的。故选C。
49. A 由“but”可知，前后表示转折关系，说明坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。pay off得到回报；spread out伸展；blow up爆炸；fade away；逐渐消退。故选A。
50. B 在我看来，来乞力马扎罗最好的经历并不是到达顶峰。登山就是人生的一种经历。atmosphere氛围；experience经历；experiment实验；sight视力。故选B。
51. D 由“spiritual space ”,可知，山被许多文化视为精神场所。study学习，研究；observed观察；explore探索；regard认为。be regarded as意为“被视为......”符合句意。故选D。
52. A 在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色差异尤为明显。有五个生态系统，所以景色也是明显的不同。view景色；quality质量；reason原因；purpose目的。故选A。
53. B 来到乞力马扎罗都是为了登山，也只有登山者能体验到五个生态系统。考查名词辨析。scientists科学家；climbers 登山者；locals当地人；officials官员。故选A。
54. D 热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头，让位于大片的低矮植物。hold on to抓住；go back to回到；C. live up to履行；give way to向……让步。故选D。
55. A 再往上走，天气变了--低云笼罩着被厚厚的草覆盖的山腰。由“low clouds ”可知，生态系统不同，天气也是不同的，是变化的。change改变；clear（天）放晴；improve改善，提高；permits允许。故选A。
56. C 由“twelve shades of green”可知，从站的地方，作者数出了十二种绿色。match匹配；imagine想象；count数；add增加。故选C。
57. B 由“grave,stones and rocks”可知，拔4000米以上是高山寒漠。village村庄；desert 沙漠，荒地； road马路；lake湖 。故选B。
58. D 海拔4000米以上是高地沙漠、砾石、石头和岩石。生态系统最顶端也是最后一个生态系统是冰川地区。Obviously明显地；Easily容易地；Consequently结果；Finally最后地。故选D。
59. A 由“arctic -like zone”可知，这是一个类似北极的地带，所以有永久性的积雪。permanent永久的；little极少的；fresh新鲜的；artificial人造的。故选A。
60. B 乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山，挤满了成群的游客，破坏了宁静的气氛，它值得这样的名声吗？文章在此用一个疑问句以此在对后面的回答做好铺垫。enjoy享受；deserve值得（拥有）；save挽救；acquire获得。故选B。
2.【2019·全国II】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central lowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota. During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting. Ehlers ___41___about the small dog he had seen ___42___ alongside the road. He had ___43___ to coax(哄)the dog to him but, frightened, it had ___44___.
Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that ___45___ dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove ___46___. After a long and careful ___47___. Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving ___48___ away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with ___49___. It just started licking(舔)Ehlers’ face.
A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one ___50___ as lost in the local paper. The ad had a ___51___ number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers ___52___ the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had ___53___ their dog.
Jeff had ___54___ in lowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched ___55___ for Rosie in the next four days.
Ehlers returned to Minnesotan and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. “It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who ___56___ enough to go to that kind of ___57___,”says Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue ___58___.
I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as ___59___ to it as I am to my dogs,” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be ___60___ to go that extra mile.”
41. A. read B. forgot C. thought D. heard
42. A. read B. trembling C. eating D. sleeping
43. A. tried B. agreed C. promised D. regretted
44. A. calmed down B. stood up C. rolled over D. run off
45. A. injured B. stolen C. lost D. rescued
46. A. home B. past C. back D. on
47. A. preparation B. explanation C. test D. search
48. A. cautiously B. casually C. skillfully D. angrily
49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety
50. A. predicted B. advertised C. believed D. recorded
51. A. house B. phone C. street D. car
52. A. called B. copied C. counted D. remembered
53. A. fed B. adopted C. found D. cured
54. A. hunted B. skied C. lived D. worked
55. A. on purpose B. on time C. in turn D. in vain
56. A. cares B. sees C. suffers D. learns
57. A. place B. trouble C. waste D. extreme
58. A. service B. plan C. effort D. team
59. A. equal B. allergic C. grateful D. close
60. A. suitable B. proud C. wise D. wiling
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. B 51. B 52. A 53. C 54. A 55. D 56. A 57. B 58. C 59. D 60. D
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要描写了在打猎回家途中, Ehlers发现一条狗Rosie。并且费尽了一切周折，帮助Rosie找到她的主人，安全回家的故事。体现了和谐的人际关系的意义。
41. C根据空格前面的During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting可知，Ehlers打猎一周，正驱车回家。再根据后面的the small dog he had seen….frightened, it had 44 .可知，他本想哄劝那条他遇见的狗，但是由于受到了惊吓，那条狗跑了，因此他在开车回家的路上一直想着这条狗。
42. B与后面的frightened呼应，表示这条狗正在路边，因为受到了惊吓而正在发抖。
43. A结合后面的to coax (哄) the dog to him but, frightened, it had 44 .可知，本来Ehlers极力地哄劝这条狗，到他这里来，希望帮助它。但是却没有成功，害怕的狗跑掉了。
44. D与前面的but构成转折的意思，虽然Ehlers想哄劝狗，到他身边，帮助它，但是由于害怕，它跑掉了，也与下文的lost等呼应。
45. C根据上文的but, frightened, it had run off可知，这条狗跑掉了，因此Ehlers为这条失去的狗而困扰。
46. C根据本段的第一句Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that lost dog.可知，Ehlers回家了，但是被那条失踪的狗所困扰，所以四天后， 他叫上他的朋友Greg，开车回去了，即又去寻找那条狗了。
47. D结合前面的After a long and careful和后面的 Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving 48 away.可知，经过长时间仔细地搜索，Greg看见了那条狗。
48. A根据第一段最后一句中的frightened和下文的Nervousness and fear可知，这条狗受到惊吓，感到紧张不安和恐惧，因此当Greg看见它的时候，正小心谨慎地移动。casually若无其事地；skillfully熟练地；angrily生气地。
49. B根据空格前面的Nervousness and fear were replaced紧张不安和恐惧被取代了，以及后面的It just started licking (舔)Ehlers’ face这条狗添着Ehlers的脸，因此说明它感到了快乐。hesitation犹豫；anxiety焦虑。
50. B结合后面的as lost in the local paper可知，一位当地的农场主告诉他们这条狗好像是报纸上刊登的寻狗广告，想要寻找的那条狗。
51. B根据后面的number for a town in southern Michigan和the number of Jeff and Lisa以及生活常识可知，寻物广告上，应该有电话号码。
52. A根据后面的the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had 53 their dog.可知，Ehlers打电话告诉Jeff和Lisa，即狗的主人，他发现了他们的狗。
53. C根据前面的Ehlers 52 the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them和生活常识，Ehlers当然是打电话告诉狗的主人，他发现了他们的狗。adopt收养；cure治愈。
54. A根据后面的in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie和后面的but the gun shots枪声可知，Jeff带着他的狗Rosie在Iowa打猎了。
55. D 结合上文Ethers发现了Rosie和 本句的Jeff searched 55 for Rosie in the next four days语境，说明Jeff找了四天，也没有找到他的狗。即徒劳无功。 on purpose故意的； in turn反过来。
56. A分析本句中的Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue可知，是狗的女主人Lisa赞美Ehlers的话。认为有人能够照顾关心一条狗，真是一件好事。
57. B结合上文Ehlers邀请朋友Greg回去寻找这条狗，并且根据Ehlers returned to Minnesota, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan可知，他还回到明尼苏达，又开车100英里到了Minneapolis，在那里让Rosie登上了一架飞往Michigan航班，说明他为这条狗大费周折。
58. C与上文Ehlers邀请朋友Greg回去寻找这条狗和他还回到明尼苏达，又开车100英里到了Minneapolis，在那里让Rosie登上了一架飞往Michigan航班，说明Ehlers为了救Rosie做出了很多的努力。
59. D分析本句的意义，Ehlers认为，他想无论谁丢失了这条狗，很可能像他一样和自己的狗非常亲近。equal 平等的；allergic过敏的；grateful感激的。
60. D分析本句的If it had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be 60 to go that extra mile语境，Ehlers认为，假如他的狗也没了的话，他希望也会有人愿意多付出一份代价来帮助他。
3.【2019·全国III】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- ___41___ six months out of the year.
Of course, we ___42___ it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office. “We see the sky is ___43___, but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a ___44___ day.”
But that ___45___ when a system of high-tech ___46___ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰)into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民)of Rjukan ___47___ their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to ___48___. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that ___49___ them to turn along with the sun throughout the ___50___ and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束)of light onto the town’s central ___51___, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light ___52___, Rjukan residents gathered together.
“People have been ___53___ there and standing there and taking ___54___ of each other," Ro says. "The town square was totally ___55___. I think almost all the people in the town were there. "The 3,500 residents cannot all ___56___ the sunshine at the same time. ___57___, the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s ___58___ residents.
"It's not very ___59___,” she says, "but it is enough when we are ___60___.”
41. A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely
42. A. fear B. believe C. hear D. notice
43. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide
44. A. cloudy B. normal C. different D. warm
45. A. helped B. changed C. happened D. mattered
46. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras
47. A. remembered B. forecasted C. received D. imagined
48. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use
49. A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows
50. A. day B. night C. month D. year
51. A. library B. hall C. square D. street
52. A. appeared B. returned C. faded D. stopped
53. A. driving B. hiding C. camping D. siting
54. A. pictures B. notes C. care D. hold
55. A. new B. full C. flat D. silent
56. A. block B. avoid C. enjoy D. store
57. A. Instead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly
58. A. nature-loving B. energy-saving C. weather-beaten D. sun-starved
59. A. big B. clear C. cold D. easy
60. A. trying B. waiting C. watching D. sharing
【答案】41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. A 55. B 56. C 57. B 58. D 59. A 60. D
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。挪威南部山谷小镇Rjukan（留坎）受地形影响一年有近6个月无阳光照射。为了解决这个难题，他们利用高科技的镜子进行反射把临近山峰的光借过来照亮了这里的居民，同时也照亮了他们的生活。
41. C 由上文从九月底到三月中旬可知，是一年中接近六个月得不到直接的阳光照射。only仅仅；obviously显而易见地；nearly几乎，接近；precisely精确地。故选C 。
42. D 结合下文We see the sky is...可知，当太阳照过来的时候，我们有注意到后面这些变化。fear害怕；believe相信，认为；hear听到，听说；notice注意到。故选D。
43. B 上文谈到太阳照过来，可见我们看着天空很是蔚蓝，可是到了山谷深处天就暗了。empty空的；blue蔚蓝的，蓝色的，忧郁的；high高的；wide宽的；广阔的。故选B。
44. A 结合上一题解析，（光线）到山谷深处就暗了，由此可知，就像是在阴天多云的天气一样。cloudy多云的，有云的；normal正常的；different不同的；warm温暖的。故选A。
45. B 下文提到他们引进了一种系统，那就是利用高科技的镜子进行反射采光，由此可知，有了这一项设备之后那种之前没有光照的情况就发生了改变。help帮助；change改变；happen发生；matter要紧，有重大影响。
46. C 结合下文可知是引进了一种高科技的镜子从旁边的山峰上把光反射到山谷里来。computer电脑；telescope望远镜；mirror镜子；camera照相机。故选C。
47. C结合语境可知，是他们接收到他们冬日太阳的第一束光。remember记起；forecast 预测，预报；receive接收，收到；imagine想象。故选C。
48. D在附近的山边上，有一排反射板被使用了起来。put...to use意为“使用……”，此处采用了被动语态。repair修理；risk冒险；rest休息。故选D。
49. B 这些镜子都是由一台电脑控制，电脑指引这些镜子全天跟随太阳进行转动。direct在此用作动词，意为“指导，指引”。forbid禁止；predict预测；follow遵照，遵循。故选B。
50. A结合上文可知是镜子全天（throughout the day）跟随太阳进行转动，然后在有风的天气又关掉。
51. C 结合下文The town square was totally...可知是镜子反射出一道聚集的光照射到这个镇的中央广场上，这样就有了一处大约有600平方米有阳光的地方。library图书馆；hall大厅；square广场；street街道。故选C。
52. A 结合下文可知是有好多人，可见当阳光出现的时候，Rjukan的居民们就聚在了一起。appear出现；return回来，归还；fade褪色；stop停止，阻止。故选A。
53. D 结合常识，聚在广场上肯定是有人坐在那儿，也有人站在那儿。drive开车，行驶；hide躲藏；camp野营；sit坐着。故选D。
54. A 有阳光了居民都很开心，这个时候他们聚在一起是给彼此拍照最为合适。take pictures of ...给……拍照。take notes of 记笔记；take care of 照顾；take hold of 抓住，握住。故选A。
55. B结合下一句 I think almost all the people in the town were there可知，这个广场完全挤满了人。new新的；full满满的；flat平坦的；silent沉默的。故选B。
56. C 结合语境可知，这镇上的3500居民不能同时所有的人都享有这份阳光，然而，这种新的阳光对于长久渴望阳光的Rjukan居民来讲已经足够。block堵塞；avoid避免；enjoy享有，享受；store储存。故选C。
57. B结合上一题解析可知，前后为转折关系，故选however，意为“然而”。instead反之；gradually渐渐地；similarly类似地。故选B。
58. D文中第一段指出他们一年中有将近六个月得不到阳光的照射，由此可知，他们是对阳光充满了渴望。nature-loving热爱大自然的；energy-saving节能的；weather-beaten饱经风霜的；sun-starved渴望阳光的。故选D项。
59. A 结合语境和上下文可知是反射过来的阳光，可见这份阳光并不是很大很强烈，big大的，强烈的；clear清晰的；cold冰冷的；easy容易的。故选A 。
60. D 尽管阳光不是很强烈，可只要大家在一起共享，这些阳光也足够了。try尝试；wait等待；watch观看，管擦汗；share分享。故选D。
4.【2019·浙江】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause. Usually, the ___36___ the idea is, the more it gets noticed. And that’s precisely why one ___37___ Frenchman has caught our attention.
Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe，surviving ___38___ on discarded(丢弃)food. The three-month 1 900-mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchet’s ___39___ of raising awareness of food waste in Europe and throughout the world.
As you can ___40___, the trip is no piece of cake. While restaurants ___41___ tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible because of ___42___ garbage containers, health regulations, or business policies. Only about one in ten places ___43___ him food that would otherwise be discarded.
For legal ___44___, most restaurants have a policy against ___45___ food waste. "Some people have even ___46___ their jobs by giving me food," Dubanchet said.
What's ___47___ interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet’s cause. Berlin has been the ___48___ while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen. There, he had to ___49___ at some ___50___ different stores or restaurants before finding food. The 50 is all the more serious when you consider the ___51___ exercise required to bike from France to Poland.
"I have to get food ___52___ because after all the biking I am tired and I need the ___53___,"
Dubanchet explained. "Is my ___54___ full or empty? That is the most important thing, not what I am eating."
He aims to ___55___ his journey by mid-July. With any luck, he’ll turn a few more heads in the process.
36. A. cleverer B. older C. stranger D. simpler
37. A. garbage-eating B. sports-loving C. food-wasting D. law-breaking
38. A. secretly B. finally C. entirely D. probably
39. A. purpose B. way C. opinion D. dream
40. A. observe B. imagine C. suggest D. remember
41. A. store B. cook C. shop for D. throw away
42. A. locked B. damaged C. connected D. abandoned
43. A. bought B. offered C. ordered D. sold
44. A. reasons B. rights C. fees D. aids
45. A. begging for B. giving away C. hiding D. causing
46. A. did B. kept C. accepted D. risked
47. A. hardly B. usually C. particularly D. merely
48. A. easiest B. nearest C. biggest D. richest
49. A. work B. shout C. ask D. jump
50. A. competition B. conversation C. conflict D. challenge
51. A. adequate B. rewarding C. demanding D. suitable
52. A. again B. alone C. later D. fast
53. A. spirit B. energy C. time D. effort
54. A. stomach B. hand C. pocket D. basket
55. A. arrange B. restart C. report D. finish
【答案】36. C 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. B 41. D 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. C 52. D 53. B 54. A 55. D
【解析】
【文章大意】本文讲述了法国人Baptiste Dubanchet一路骑车穿越欧洲，以人们丢弃的食物为食，试图通过他的行动，来唤起人们对于食物浪费现象的意识。
36. C 根据下文“the more it gets noticed”可知，此处是“越……，越……”结构，语意表示“想法越古怪，就越能引起人们的关注”。
37. A 根据下文中的“on discarded food”和全文可知，Baptiste Dubanchet一路靠人们丢弃的垃圾堆里的食物为生，由此知他是个“吃垃圾的人”。
38．C 他完全地依赖于人们丢弃的食物维持生活，以此唤起人们珍惜食品的意识。
39. B 这是一种唤起人们对食物浪费现状进行关注的方式。
40．B 你可以想象，这趟旅行并不是一帆风顺的。
41．D 虽然很多餐馆要倒掉数亿吨计算的食物，但要想吃到这些丢弃的食物却并不容易。
42. A 根据上文知，这些被丢弃的食物被锁在了垃圾箱里。
43. B 根据下文可知，仅仅只有大约1/10的地方愿意给他提供即将丢弃的食物。
44. A 出于法律上的原因，大部分餐馆都有政策，不允许把用不了的食物送掉。
45.B 参考44题解析。 giving away表示“送掉”，选B。
46.D 有些人给我食物，可能会冒着丢掉工作的风险。此处risk意为“冒风险”。根据句意可知，选D。
47.C 特别有意思的是，不同城市对此的态度各不相同。particularly表示“特别地，尤其地”。根据句意可知，选C。
48. A 根据下文提到的the most difficult可知，柏林是最容易的城市，而捷克的皮尔森市是最难的。故选A。
49.C 在皮尔森市，他不得不问询了将近50家商店或餐馆，才讨得了食物。故选C。
50. D 此处的challenge表示“挑战、困难”，根据语意知，这个过程很艰难。故选D。
51. C 这项苛刻的实践活动很艰难，需要一路从法国骑自行车到波兰。根据句意可知，选C。
52．D 根据语意知，一路骑自行车，到达目的地后又累又饿，肯定需要尽快地获得食物，以提供身体所需的能量。故选fast。
53．B 参考52题解析。
54.A 根据语境可知，表示“肚子饿不饿”，所以填stomach表示“肚子、胃”，由此选A。
55．D 他决心在7月中旬结束他的此次旅行，选D。
5.【2019·北京】阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.
A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been ___11___ free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started ___12___ his car to the young people. Wilson has ___13___ am astonishing 64, 000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous ___14___ with the students he transports to and from school. The students who he's ___15___ have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they've also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students ___16___ call him “Grandpa”.
Tina Stern ___17___ rides from Wilson for all her four years in college and the trips meant much more to her than just free ___18___. "It's not just a ride；you're not just sitting there in ___19___ silence or with your headphones on.” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually ___20___ the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he'll ___21___ those things."
Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the ___22___ asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes ___23___ to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration.
Wilson is there to ___24___ them. If they run out of certain daily necessities. Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never ___25___ to buy them a meal.
For many students, Wilson's help is not only appreciated, it's also entirely ___26___ for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don't have a reliable car, while others have to ___27___ vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has ___28___ them to complete their education — but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the ___29___. “I just love driving and I love these kids, "Wilson said. "It's such a(n) ___30___ to be a part of these kids’ lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories."
11. A. linking B. sending C. offering D. distributing
12. A. donating B. lending C. delivering D. volunteering
13. A. paved B. covered C. measured D. wandered
14. A. arguments B. interviews C. negotiations D. wandered
15. A. met B. driven C. addressed D. conversations
16. A. even B. ever C. once D. already
17. A. earned B. received C. assessed D. demanded
18. A. transportation B. style C. time D. communication
19. A. forced B. awkward C. ridiculous D. suspicious
20. A. selects B. recites C. guesses D. remembers
21. A. act on B. settle on C. check on D. agree on
22. A. club B. league C. college D. programme
23. A. far B. around C. beyond D. forwards
24. A. assist B. watch C. urge D. warm
25. A. expects B. attempts C. manages D. hesitates
26. A. extra B. unusual C. necessary D. adequate
27. A. share B. fuel C. repair D. exchange
28. A. required B. allowed C. reminded D. convinced
29. A. experience B. arrangement C. appreciation D. employment
30. A. effort B. ambition C. privilege D. convenience
【答案】11. C 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. C 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C
【解析】
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位76岁的退休工程师Paul Wilson无偿接送贫困家庭学生上下学的爱心故事。
11. C 根据下文的“free rides搭便车，免费乘车”可知此处的动词应该用“offering”，意思是“提供免费乘车服务”。linking连接；sending发送；distributing分配。故选C。
12. D 根据上文可知，Wilson是自愿免费接送学生，所以此处应选择“volunteering自愿”。donating捐赠；lending把……借给；delivering交付。故选D。
13.B 根据下文中的“64,000 miles”可知前面应该选择“covered”，意思是“行驶了6.4万英里”。paved铺设；measured测量；wandered徘徊。故选B。
14.D 根据前后文语义可知是Wilson和学生们幽默的“谈话”，因此选“conversations”。
arguments争吵；interviews采访；negotiations协商。故选D。
15.B 根据语义可知该句的意思是：那些他“搭载”的学生成为了物理学家、教师和工程师……因此选择“driven”。met见面；addressed演讲；greeted迎接。故选B。
16.A 根据上文可知，此处应该用表示“甚至”的even。ever一般用于否定句和疑问句，表示“从来”；once曾经，already已经，均不符合题意。故选A。
17.B 根据语义可知该句的意思的：Tina Stem在整个大学四年都“接受到了”Wilson的搭载……因此选择“received”。earned赚得；assessed评估；demanded要求。故选B。
18.A 根据上文中的“……he transports to and from school. ”可知此处选择“transportation”。style 风格；time时间；communication交流。故选A。
19.B 考查词语搭配，awkward silence“尴尬的沉默”，forced被迫的；ridiculous可笑的；suspicious怀疑的。故选B。
20.D 通过上下文可知此处的意思是：他提问题，并能“记住”这些回答，因此选择remembers。selects选择；recites背诵，叙述；guesses猜测。故选D。
21.C 考查短语的用法，act on对……起作用；settle on选定；check on检查，核实；agree on同意。故选C。
22.D 根据上文的“a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation”可知此处应该选择programme“计划”。club俱乐部；league联盟；college大 上讲述了这个故事之后，就有人认出这位女士是谁了，用identify表示“识别，鉴别”。select 选择；appoint任命；约定；define使明确；给……下定义。
23.A 根据上文作者知道捡到自己的钱包并送到自己家的这个女士是谁之后，就毫不犹豫地打电话给对方，因此选A表示“耽搁，延迟”。without delay毫不犹豫；立刻；alarm 警报；regret 后悔；invitation邀请。
24.D 根据语境“在公交车的座位上看见了作者的钱包”，故用spotted。move 运动；place 放；搁；open开。
25.C 从语境看，这里说的是对方当时在考虑是否需要把钱包送到失主家，因此用calculate表示“考虑；思考”。disagree 不同意；complaint 抱怨；recommend推荐。
26.B 根据空格后的她决定take the chance（冒这个险），知这里说的是她觉得到一个陌生人的家里去，这有点危险，因此选B risky。selfless自私的；slow 慢的；personal个人的。
27.C 语境说的是Erin在为失主设身处地地考虑，用in that situation表示“处于这种境遇”，因此选C。site地方；场所；direction 方向；atmosphere气氛；大气层。
28.A 根据上文知此空的名词提到的是作者的钱包掉了这件事，从前文的fear判断这里用crisis表示“危机，危难”。danger危险；threat威胁；failure失败。
29.D 语境说的是Erin在公交车上拾到作者丢失的钱包后就把作者的驾照发到了网上，因此用take possession of表示“拥有”。get rid of去掉；消灭，make use of利用；使用；have control of控制。
30.A 这里用if引导宾语从句表示疑问：Erin把作者的驾照发布到论坛，为了看看是否有人认识作者。
31.B 根据作者说自己跟那些当妈妈的人除了简单交流几句话之外从来没有深入的交谈，知用exchange。exchange words交流；交谈。recall 回忆；repeat 重复；whisper低语。
32.A 根据上文提到我只是在儿子的幼儿园见到那几位妈妈，除了简单交谈外，从未交流过，知这是作者遇到的人，故用encounter遇到；遭遇。follow 跟随；consult咨询； accompany陪伴。
33.C根据空格后我感到非常幸福，知作者是在回首此事，发表自己的感慨，故用look back表示“回顾”。go away离开；turn around 转身；come along到来；取得进展。
34.D 根据句意，这里用介词beyond表示“超，逾越”，用go beyond表示“超出，超越”：叶琳做了其他人可能做不到的事。go into进入；go against 反对；违背；go over复习。
35.D 这里说的是作者为此心存感激，因此选D。longing 渴望的；enthusiastic 热心的；concerned担心的。
7.【2019·江苏】完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modem age. There are species(物种)that are ___36___ every day. The white-naped crane is a typical example. So scientists are trying their best to ___37___ the species from going out of existence.
Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their ___38___. Emma, a female crane, has been in their ___39___ since she arrived in 2004.
Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was ___40___ by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected ___41___, though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had ___42___ taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She ___43___ to live with male cranes, and even had a ___44___ for killing some of them, which made it ___45___ for her to become a mother.
___46___, the two zookeepers didn’t want to see the extinction(灭绝)of this precious species. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a ___47___ of artificial breeding(人工繁殖)and natural reproduction. This ___48___ Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.
The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be ___49___, more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the ___50___, and many other species appear headed toward extinction. ___51___, not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive.
How can we ___52___ the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals? Chris and Tim offered us the ___53___: human beings took it for granted that their ___54___ held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better ___55___.
36. A. growing B. migrating C. competing D. disappearing
37. A. ban B. save C. split D. remove
38. A. abortion B. recreation C. reproduction D. administration
39. A. care B. eye C. mind D. story
40. A. found B. chosen C. raised D. seized
41. A. bonus B. consequence C. victory D. sacrifice
42. A. never B. always C. unluckily D. cheerfully
43. A. liked B. refused C. decided D. hesitated
44. A. gift B. skill C. concern D. reputation
45. A. illegal B. inspiring C. important D. impossible
46. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Instead
47. A. combination B. collection C. strategy D. system
48. A. forced B. forbade C. taught D. enabled
49. A. defeated B. grateful C. assured D. tolerant
50. A. it B. rise C. agenda D. decline
51. A. In contrast B. After all C. By the way D. On the contrary
52. A. leave B. bridge C. open D. identify
53. A. course B. excuse C. answer D. reward
54. A. brains B. behaviors C. services D. projects
55. A. guide B. treat C. example D. companion
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. C 41. B 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. D 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. C 50. D 51. B 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. A
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了动物园的两个工作人员为了保护丹顶鹤，研发繁衍技术帮助它们繁殖后代的故事。
36.D根据上句“Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modem age”可知，现代社会，野生动物的生命遭到了威胁；结合该句可知，每天都有物种正在消失，disappear消失，故选D项。
37.B根据该句中“from going out of existence”可知，科学家们正在努力挽救这一物种濒临灭亡，save挽救，故选B项。
38.C根据下文第四段倒数第二句中“artificial breeding（人工繁殖）and natural reproduction”；结合该句可知，这两位动物园员工帮助鹤进行人工繁殖，reproduction生殖，故选C项。abortion流产；recreation消遣，娱乐administration管理。
39. A根据该句中的“in their”可以判断，这只名叫Emma的雌性鹤自从2004年以来就得到了他们的照料，care照顾，故选A项。
40.C根据该句中的“by human caretakers”可知，这只鹤诞生于国际鹤基地，是由人工养育员饲养的，raise饲养，故选C项。
41.B根据下句可知，Emma非常依恋人；据此可以判断，人工饲养的这只鹤导致了一个没有想到的结果，consequence结果，故选B项。bonus奖金，红利；victory胜利；sacrifice牺牲。
42.A根据该句中“become deeply attached to humans”可知，Emma非常依恋人；据此可以判断，Emma决没有将自己看成鹤，故空处表示否定，故选A项。
43.B根据该句中“for killing some of them”可知，Emma甚至想要杀死雄鹤；据此可知，Emma拒绝和雄鹤一起生活，refuse“拒绝”，故选B项。
44.D根据语境可知，Emma拒绝和雄鹤一起生活，她还有杀死雄鹤的坏名声，reputation声誉，名声，故选D项。
45.D根据前文可知，Emma拒绝和雄鹤一起生活，甚至想要杀死它们，据此可以判断，这很难能让她成为母亲，impossible不可能的，故选D项。
46.C根据前文可知，Emma拒绝和雄鹤一起生活，甚至想要杀死它们，据此可以判断，这很难能让她成为母亲；根据该句可知，这两位动物园员工不想看到这个珍稀物种绝迹，据此可知，空处前后文之间为转折关系，However然而，表示转折，故选C项。
47. A根据该句中“artificial breeding（人工繁殖）and natural reproduction”可知，在他们的耐心和努力下，他们成功地研究成功一套结合人工繁殖和自然繁殖的方法，combination结合，故选A项。
48.D根据上句可知，在这两位员工的耐心和努力下，他们成功地研究成功一套结合人工繁殖和自然繁殖的方法；据此可知，这种方法使得Emma能够产下五个孩子，enable使……能够，故选D项。
49.C根据上句可知，两位护工对他们的成就感到自豪；结合该句中的“But”可知，由于鹤的数量在下降，所以他们在确信成果之前还有很多工作需要完成，assured确定的，自信的，故选C项。defeated打败de；grateful感激的；tolerant容忍的。
50.D根据该句中“but”表达的语境，结合该句中的“extinction”可知，许多物种濒临灭绝，野生鹤的数量在下降，decline下降，故选D项。
51.B根据前文可知，许多野生物种的数量在下降，许多物种濒临灭绝；结合该句中“not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive”可知，毕竟并非所有人意识到野生动物也有情感思想和生存的权利，After all毕竟，终究，故选B项。In contrast相比之下；By the way顺便问一下；On the contrary与此相反。
52.B根据该句中的“gap”可知，我们该如何在分离了人和其它动物的缺口处架起一座桥，bridge架桥，连接，故选B项。
53.C根据上文可知，上句问了问题：我们该如何在分离了人和其它动物的缺口处架起一座桥？据此可知，Tim和Chris给我们提供了答案，answer答案，故选C项。
54.A根据该句中“held all the solutions”可知，人类理所当然地认为他们的大脑拥有所有的解决方案，brains大脑，故选A项。
55.A根据语境可知，人类理所当然地认为他们的大脑拥有所有的解决方案，但是他们的内心会成为更好的向导，guide向导，故选A项。
2019年高考模拟试题
1.【东北三省四市2019届高三二模联考】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Chris is a columnist (专栏作家) at citypages.com whose life turned upside down in 2017. Chris was willing to share his story but his own print deadlines made it a(n) ___21___ task for this time. In 2017 Chris found out his ___22___ condition left much to be desired and that he needed a kidney transplant (移植). Any person would have been lost in such a situation but Chris tuned to the place where he felt most comfortable——Twitter.
The whole operation thing takes lots of efforts on a donor’s (捐赠者) side and Chris continued ___23___ all the details on his blog and Facebook account. In the meantime, he was ___24___ a tiresome process of hemodialysis (血液透析) ___25___ waste and water removal from his blood and it generally takes 4 hours.
___26___, 19 people replied to Chris’s tweet (推特信息)! They were his lawyers or just people he met at some party months ago and even complete ___27___ None of them was his family, relative or Just a ___28___ friend. Just imagine all these people accepting medical checks, ___29___ their blood types and stuff of the kind to make a great ___30___ to a person they hardly knew! One person ___31___ ideally---Scott. Strangely enough Scott and Chris never met in person before the ___32___ and really saw each other for the first time on a thanksgiving evening. Both men felt that it was somewhat easier for them to let their communication flow on Social Media ___33___ a certain point of time. Scott sent Chris a ___34___ tweet even after the successful operation. When seeing Scott for the first time on a family dinner Chris couldn’t say all he wanted at first and his writing talent ___35___ at one time.
Social Media ___36___ worked! Chris has a healthy kidney now thanks to Scott, Twitter, Facebook, and the inventor of the web. For some people, ___37___ networks are pure evil or just time consuming black holes, but Social Media was once a ___38___ for Chris. It isn’t just a place where people ___39___ their time on lonely evenings. For some of us it is also one of few paths that can lead to a certain kind of ___40___.
21. A. important B. impossible C. practical D. official
22. A. mental B. academic C. medical D. economic
23. A. sharing B. settling C. changing D. taking
24. A. going through B. picking up C. resulting from D. looking through
25. A. encouraging B. involving C. supporting D. contacting
26. A. Obviously B. Normally C. Carefully D. Surprisingly
27. A. strangers B. foreigners C. newcomers D. outsiders
28. A. popular B. bright C. lost D. close
29. A. sorting B. determining C. mixing D. designing
30. A. fortune B. collection C. sacrifice D. research
31. A. equaled B. touched C. matched D. approached
32. A. party B. operation C. interview D. conference
33. A. till B. after C. at D. through
34. A. formal B. funny C. shocking D. cheering
35. A. recovered B. fell C. relaxed D. failed
36. A. policy B. tricks C. magic D. tasks
37. A. social B. connected C. special D. separate
38. A. approval B. honor C. memory D. blessing
39. A. spare B. kill C. save D. take
40. A. welfare B. promotion C. survival D. revolution
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. D 36. C 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了克里斯是一位专栏作家，但在2017年的时候，他发现他的身体状况很不好,他需要做肾脏移植手术。所以他在Twitter发布了自己的详细信息，来寻找能捐献给他肾脏的人，信息一发出，很多的人愿意帮助他。在众多的人中，一个叫斯科特的人是最合适捐献肾脏的人选。最终手术非常成功，克里斯无法表达对斯科特的感激之情。社交媒体在此次爱心救援中，发挥了积极的作用。短文告诉我们，社交媒体虽有诸多的缺点，但是它也是为数不多的能够通向某种生存的途径之一。
【21题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. important重要的；B. impossible不可能的；C. practical实践的；D. official官方的。句意：克里斯愿意分享他的故事，但他手头稿件的截止日期使它成为一个不可能完成的任务。由“ print deadlines”可知，克里斯手头稿件的截止日期使他很忙，所以在这段时间内，分享他的故事是不可能的。故B选项切题。
【22题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. mental精神上的；B. academic学术的；C. medical医疗的；D. economic经济的。句意：2017年克里斯发现他的身体状况很不好,他需要做肾脏移植手术。由“he needed a kidney transplant (移植)”可知，他需要肾脏移植。所以判断出,克里斯身体状况很不好。medical condition “身体状况”符合句意。C选项切题。
【23题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. sharing分享；B. settling解决；C. changing改变；D. taking。句意：整个手术需要寻找一位肾脏捐赠者，克里斯在他的博客上以及Facebook账户上分享了所有相关的细节。由下文“19 people replied to Chris’s tweet ”可知，有19个人回复了克里斯的推特信息。所以克里斯是在网上分享了他的相关信息，其他人才能回复他。故A选项切题。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. going through经历；B. picking up拾起；C. resulting from由...导致；D. looking through浏览。句意：与此同时，他正在经历令人厌倦的血液透析过程，这个过程包括排除血液中的溶质和水，通常需要4个小时。血液透析要排除血液中的溶质和水，而且整个过程需要4个小时，所以整个过程很痛苦和煎熬。going through“经历”符合句意。故A选项切题。
【25题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. encouraging鼓励；B. involving涉及，包括；C. supporting支持；D. contacting联系。句意：与此同时，他正在经历一个令人厌倦的血液透析过程，这个过程包括排除血液中的溶质和水，通常需要4个小时。分析句子可知，本句在说明血液透析的过程和时间。所以involving“涉及，包括”符合句意。故B选项切题。
【26题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. Obviously明显地；B. Normally正常地；C. Carefully小心地；D. Surprisingly令人惊讶地。句意：令人惊讶的是，有19个人回复了克里斯的Twitter信息。本句表示出人意料的结果。surprisingly“令人惊讶地”符合句意。故D选项切题。
【27题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. strangers陌生人；B. foreigners外国人；C. newcomers 新来者；D. outsiders 外来人。句意：他们要么是他的律师，要么只是几个月前在某个聚会上认识的人，甚至是完全陌生的人，他们都不是他的家人、亲戚，也不是他亲密的朋友。even表示递进关系，表示作者没想到素不相识的人，都给他发来信息，表示愿意帮助他。故A选项切题。
【28题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. popular流行的；B. bright 明亮的；C. lost迷失的；D. close亲密的。句意：他们要么是他的律师，要么只是几个月前在某个聚会上认识的人，甚至是完全陌生的人，他们都不是他的家人、亲戚，也不是他亲密的朋友。none表示全部否定，表示向他伸出援助之手的人，都不是作者身边的人，都不是作者最亲密的人。故D选项切题。
【29题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. sorting分类；B. determining测定，决定；C. mixing混合；D. designing设计。句意：想象一下，这些人接受医疗检查，测定自己的血型和类似的检查指标是否符合，为一个他们素不相识的人做出了巨大的牺牲。根据常识判断，肾脏手术之前，要检查捐赠者和病人的血型是否相匹配。故B选项切题。
【30题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. fortune运气；B. collection收藏； C. sacrifice牺牲；D. research研究。句意：想象一下，这些人接受医疗检查，确定自己的血型和类似的检查指标是否符合，为一个他们素不相识的人做出了巨大的牺牲。由“all these people accepting medical checks”可知，这些人接受医疗检查，测定自己的血型和类似的检查指标。所以他们为一个他们素不相识的人做出了巨大的牺牲。故C选项切题。
【31题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. equaled与...平等；B. touched触摸；C. matched 和…相配；D. approached接近。句意：其中的一个人最适合---斯科特。医疗检查的目的就是要找出哪个人能够匹配上克里斯的病情指标，并为克里斯捐献器官。故C选项切题。
【32题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. party聚会；B. operation手术；C. interview采访；D. conference回忆。句意：奇怪的是，斯科特和克里斯在手术前从未见过面，他们第一次真正见面是在一个感恩节的晚上。由“after the successful operation”可知，本句在说斯科特和克里斯在手术前从未见过面。故B选项切题。
【33题详解】
考查介词辨析。 A. till直到...；B. after在...之后；C. at 在…（里）；D. through通过。句意：两个人都觉得他们能很容易地把社交媒体上的交流和沟通继续下去。由下文可知，斯科特甚至在手术成功后给克里斯发了一条表达祝贺的Twitter信息。所以Twitter成为了斯科特和克里斯沟通交流的平台，交流会一直继续下去。所以till“直到...”符合句意。故A选项切题。
34题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. formal正式的；B. funny滑稽的；C. shocking令人震惊的；D. cheering 令人高兴的。句意：斯科特甚至在手术成功后给克里斯发了一条表达祝贺的Twitter信息。由“successful operation”可知，斯科特甚至在手术成功后给克里斯发了一条表达祝贺的Twitter信息。故D选项切题。
【35题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. recovered回复；B. fell残忍的；C. relaxed放松的；D. failed失败的。句意：当克里斯第一次在家庭聚餐上见到斯科特时，他起初无法表达出他想要说的一切，他的写作天赋也不能帮助他表达出他想要说的一切。本句表达作者无法表达出他的感激之情，即使自己是作家，此时词穷墨尽。故D选项切题。
【36题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. policy政策；B. tricks诡计；C. magic魔力；D. tasks任务。句意：社交媒体的魔力发挥了作用。由前文可知，通过社交媒体竟然间接救了一个人的性命。所以是社交媒体的魔力发挥了作用。故C选项切题。
【37题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. social 社交的；B. connected 有关系的；C. special特别的；D. separate 分开的。句意：对一些人来说，社交网络纯粹是邪恶的，或者只是浪费时间的黑洞，但社交媒体对于克里斯来说却是他的福音。由“Scott, Twitter, Facebook”可知，它们都是社交媒体。所以 social“社交的”符合句意。故A选项切题。
【38题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. approval同意；B. honor荣耀；C. memory记忆；D. blessing祝福。句意：对一些人来说，社交网络纯粹是邪恶的，或者只是浪费时间的黑洞，但社交媒体对于克里斯来说，这是他的福音。社交媒体间接救了克里斯的性命，所以社交媒体对于克里斯来说，这是他的福音。故D选项切题。
【39题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. spare 抽出；B. kill 消磨（时光）；C. save挽救；D. take拿。句意：它不仅仅是人们在孤独的夜晚消磨时间的地方。由“ lonely evenings”可知，它不仅仅是人们在孤独的夜晚消磨时间的地方。故B选项切题。
【40题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. welfare 福 祉；B. promotion提升；C. survival幸存；D. revolution革命。句意：对我们中的一些人来说，这也是为数不多的能够通向生存的途径之一。本句是对社交媒间接救了克里斯的性命这个故事的总结。所以作者认为对我们中的一些人来说，这也是为数不多的能够通向生存的途径之一。故C选项切题。
2.【河北省保定市2019届高三下学期第二次模拟】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A girl complained to her father about her life and how things were so hard for her.
Without a ___21___, the father took his daughter to the kitchen. He filled three pots with ___22___ and placed each on a high ___23___. In one he placed carrots, in the second eggs, and in the last coffee beans. The daughter sucked her teeth and waited ___24___, wondering what he was doing. In about twenty minutes the father turned off the heat. He ___25___ the carrots and eggs out and placed them in two plates. Then he poured the coffee into a cup.
He asked ___26___, “Darling, what do you see?”
“Carrots, eggs, and coffee.” she replied.
He asked her to ___27___ the carrots. She did and said they were ___28___. Then he asked her to take an egg and ___29___ it. After pulling off the shell, she ___30___ the hard-boiled egg. Finally, he asked her to drink the coffee. She ___31___, as she tasted its rich aroma (芳香).
“What does it ___32___, Father?” She asked.
He explained that each of them had ___33___ the same adversity (困境), boiling water, but each reacted ___34___. The carrot went in strong and hard but it turned soft and ___35___. The egg had been fragile, but after sitting through the boiling water its ___36___ became hardened. The coffee beans were ___37___, however, after they were in the boiling water, they had ___38___ the water.
“Which are you?” Father asked his daughter. She was then wordless as if ___39___ in thought.
When adversity knocks on your door, how do you ___40___? Are you a carrot, an egg or a coffee bean?
21. A. comment B. joy C. result D. word
22. A. milk B. water C. sand D. oil
23. A. place B. roof C. fire D. stove
24. A. angrily B. impatiently C. quietly D. nervously
25. A. fished B. handed C. picked D. pulled
26. A. coldly B. eagerly C. gently D. slowly
27. A. feel B. eat C. get D. wash
28. A. red B. hot C. soft D. fresh
29. A. draw B. see C. try D. break
30. A. cut B. observed C. touched D. hold
31. A. agreed B. hesitated C. smiled D. cried
32. A. become B. mean C. have D. want
33. A. escaped B. found C. realized D. faced
34. A. differently B. quickly C. immediately D. positively
35. A. small B. bad C. weak D. mild
36. A. heart B. inside C. content D. surface
37. A. black B. tasty C. solid D. unique
38. A. mixed B. dyed C. change D. ruined
39. A. absorbed B. trapped C. got D. pushed
40. A. do B. respond C. explain D. behave
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. B
【解析】
本文是一篇哲理故事。作者把女儿带到厨房，把三个装满水的壶煮沸，然后让女儿分别放进胡萝卜、鸡蛋和咖啡豆。结果是硬的胡萝卜变软了，易碎的鸡蛋心变硬了而独一无二的咖啡豆改变了水。父亲解释说，它们面临着同样的逆境——煮沸的水，但它们的反应却各不相同。这个故事告诉我们“当逆境来敲门时，你如何应对?你是胡萝卜、鸡蛋还是咖啡豆?”
【21题详解】
考查名词。A. comment评论；B. joy高兴；C. result结果；D. word话语，单词。父亲一言不发，把女儿带到厨房。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词。A. milk牛奶；B. water水；C. sand 沙子；D. oil油。他把三个壶装满水，然后把每个壶都放在旺火上。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词。A. place地方；B. roof屋顶；C. fire火；D. stove火炉。他把三个壶装满水，然后把每个壶都放在旺火上。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查副词。A. angrily生气地；B. impatiently耐心地；C. quietly安静地；D. nervously紧张不安地。女儿吮着牙，不耐烦地等着，不知道他在干什么。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词。A. fished搜寻，打捞，钓鱼；B. handed 帮助，递送；C. picked采摘；D. pulled拉。他把胡萝卜和鸡蛋捞出来，放在两个盘子里。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查副词。A. coldly冷淡地；B. eagerly热切地；C. gently温柔地；D. slowly慢慢地。他温柔地问道:“亲爱的，你看到了什么?”故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词。A. feel感觉；B. eat吃；C. get 得到；D. wash洗。他让她摸胡萝卜。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词。A. red红色的；B. hot热的；C. soft软的；D. fresh新鲜的。她照做了，说它们很软。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词。A. draw绘画；B. see看见；C. try尝试；D. break打破。然后他让她拿一个鸡蛋把它打破。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词。A. cut 切割；B. observed 观察；C. touched触摸；D. hold握住。剥下蛋壳后，她看到了煮熟的鸡蛋。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词。A. agreed同意；B. hesitated犹豫不决；C. smiled微笑；D. cried哭。她微笑着，品尝着它浓郁的香气。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词。A. become变成；B. mean意味着；C. have有； D. want想要。“这是什么意思，爸爸?””她问道。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词。A. escaped 逃脱；B. found发现；C. realized意识到；D. faced面对。他解释说，它们面临着同样的逆境——煮沸的水，但它们的反应却各不相同。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查副词。A. differently不相同地；B. quickly迅速地；C. immediately立刻，马上；D. positively积极地。他解释说，它们面临着同样的逆境——煮沸的水，但它们的反应却各不相同。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词。A. small小的；B. bad 坏的；C. weak虚弱的；D. mild温和的。胡萝卜本来很硬，但后来就变得很软。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查名词。A. heart心脏；B. inside里面；C. content内容；D. surface表面。鸡蛋本来是易碎的，但经过煮沸后，它的心变硬了。故选A。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。A. black黑色的；B. tasty美味的；C. solid固体的；D. unique独一无二的。咖啡豆是独一无二的，但是，当它们在沸水里之后，它们改变了水。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查动词。A. mixed混合；B. dyed染色；C. change改变；D. ruined毁掉。咖啡豆是独一无二的，但是，当它们在沸水里之后，它们改变了水。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查动词。A. absorbed吸收；B. trapped 诱捕；C. got 得到；D. pushed推。然后她一言不发，好像在沉思。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词。A. do 做；B. respond回应；C. explain解释；D. behave表现。当逆境来敲门时，你如何应对?你是胡萝卜、鸡蛋还是咖啡豆?故选B。
3.【2019年淮北?宿州高三第二次模拟】完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
At the far end of Islington Road in Newton, Massachusetts, lives a little girl near and dear to the neighborhood. Two-year-old Samantha Savitz is ___21___, but she loves to talk to anyone who knows sign language. And her whole personality changes when it’s someone who can ___22___ with her.
Her desire for communication has been ___23___ obvious to everyone in the neighborhood.? Whenever Sam tries to be neighborly, they ___24___ themselves lost for words. So they need to ___25___ more than a basic conversation with the child in the community.
Unfortunately, this isn’t something you can ___26___ with ease. You’d need the whole community to learn sign language ___27___ for a little 2-year-old girl. You can’t ___28___ neighbors to do that. You can only appreciate them when they do.
On their own, Sam’s neighbors got together, ___29___ an instructor, and are now fully ____30____ an?American Sign Language?class.?Even the parents of deaf children don’t___31___ to learn sign language. Now Sam has a whole ___32___ to communicate with her.
And this level of inclusion will almost certainly guarantee a happier, more ___33___ Sam. Her parents says there aren’t words in any language to express their ___34___. In fact, they’re already seeing a ___35___ in their daughter. “The first thing she says to us is ‘friend’”, said her mother, “I think your heart would ___36___ just as mine did.”
Sometimes it feels like America is losing its ___37___ of community — but then you hear about a place like this where it takes a whole village to ___38___ a child. Now the village is alive and is here to ___39___ us that what makes a “good neighborhood” is nothing more than good ___40___.
21. A. blind B. deaf C. lame D. dull
22. A. communicate B. sing C. play D. quarrel
23. A. cheerfully B. peacefully C. painfully D. doubtfully
24. A. make B. find C. let D. have
25. A. strike up B. put off C. go through D. take in
26. A. confirm B. trust C. discover D. solve
27. A. still B. even C. just D. also
28. A. educate B. expect C. wish D. help
29. A. trained B. taught C. hired D. dismissed
30. A. trapped in B. involved in C. aware of D. equipped with
31. A. agree B. plan C. promise D. bother
32. A. school B. community C. family D. club
33. A. well-fed B. well-known C. well-behaved D. well-adjusted
34. A. sympathy B. dilemma C. gratitude D. love
35. A. complaint B. fault C. difference D. commitment
36. A. melt B. race C. break D. burst
37. A. control B. credit C. sign D. sense
38. A. raise B. feed C. tell D. request
39. A. urge B. warn C. guide D. remind
40. A. neighbors B. friends C. partners D. colleagues
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. A 39. D 40. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了为与失聪女童能够顺畅沟通，整个社区学用手语的温情故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. blind瞎的；B. deaf聋的；C. lame跛足的；D. dull迟钝的。根据but she loves to talk to anyone who knows sign language.可知，两岁的萨曼莎·萨维茨是个聋子，但她喜欢和任何懂手语的人交谈。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. communicate交流；B. sing唱歌；C. play玩；D. quarrel吵。当有人与之交流时，她的整个人都变了。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. cheerfully高高兴兴地；B. peacefully平静地；C. painfully痛苦地；D. doubtfully怀疑地。整个社区的人们看在眼里，痛在心头。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. make使得；B. find发现；C. let让；D. have有。当Sam 试图表现邻里之情、与之沟通交流时，人们发现茫然失语，不知所措。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。A. strike up开始；B. put off推迟；C. go through经历；D. take in接受。习语strike up a conversation意指“开启对话交流”。 他们需要与社区里的孩子进行的不仅仅是基本的对话交流。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. confirm证实；B. trust相信；C. discover发现；D. solve解决。不是轻而易举能解决的事情。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. still仍然；B. even甚至；C. just就是；D. also也。整个社区学手语就是为了能与女孩交流。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. educate教育；B. expect期望；C. wish希望；D. help帮助。不能指望邻居们都这么做。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. trained培训；B. taught教；C. hired聘请；D. dismissed开除。聘请一位老师教手语。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。A. trapped in困在；B. involved in参与；C. aware of知道；D. equipped with装配。整个社区全员参与手语 去搞清楚医生告诉他们的话是什么意思并帮助Graham与家人朋友保持联系。这里的空格与第一段中的“We spent two years pretty much in and out of the hospital（我们两年的时间都在进进出出医院）”相呼应，说明Graham一直在接受治疗。A. treatment治疗，疗法；B. absence缺席； C. growth发展，生长；D. recovery复原，痊愈。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：在Graham接受治疗期间，Morissette想上网去搞清楚医生告诉他们的话是什么意思并帮助Graham与家人朋友保持联系。make use of使用，利用；make sense of搞清…的意思；make light of轻视，对…不在乎；make fun of取笑。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：在Graham接受治疗期间，Morissette想上网去搞清楚医生告诉他们的话是什么意思并帮助Graham与家人朋友保持联系。此处空格与下文中多次出现的“connect/connection（联系）”相呼应。A. patience耐性，耐心；B. agreement协议，同意；C. conflict冲突，矛盾；D. touch接触。“stay in touch with”意为保持联系/与…保持联络。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：那是在20世纪90年代末，网络还相对比较新且没有广泛使用。这里空格可与下句中的“Internet access”相呼应。A. challenged受到挑战的，（生理或精神状况）有障碍的；B. copied复制的，已复制的；C. accessible易接近的，可进入的；D. protective防护的。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：Morissette家里有电脑和互联网接入，而在医院他们无法上网。But前后形成相反关系。at table在餐桌边，在吃饭；at work在工作；at school在学校，在上课；at home在家。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查副词。句意：仍然，Graham与他碰到的每个人都保持联系，有年龄大的老人也有年龄更小的孩子。这句话强调虽然网络不发达，联系不方便，但是Graham还是愿意跟遇到的人保持联系。A. Still仍然，更；B. Thus因此；C. Instead代替，反而； D. Besides此外，况且。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词。句意：仍然，Graham与他碰到的每个人都保持联系，有年龄大的老人也有年龄更小的孩子。 “from…to…（从…到…）”连接两个相反关系词语。与younger（年纪较小者）想对应的是elderly（上了年纪的）。A. lonely寂寞的；C. terrified（感到恐惧的）；D. worried（担心的）。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：Morissette说“他会把他的玩具借给其它生病的小还或者扮演滑稽的行为让他们笑”。A. whisper悄声地说；B. weep哭泣；C. laugh笑；D. sigh叹息，叹气。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：他这种特有的精神是使我继续前行的动力。A. going进展；B. aching疼痛的；C. wandering漫游； D. praying祈祷。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：他帮我有精力和力量去与他并肩作战。A. relief救济，减轻；B. strength力量；C. sympathy同情，慰问；D. sorrow悲伤，懊悔。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：受到Graham活着的时候如何关心他人的鼓舞，Morissette创办了一个非盈利机构（Grahamtastic Connection）来纪念Graham。A. Supported支持；B. Thrilled非常兴奋的；C. Inspired借助于灵感创作的，受……影响的；D. Satisfied感到满意的。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：受到Graham活着的时候如何关心他人的鼓舞，Morissette创办了一个非盈利机构（Grahamtastic Connection）来纪念Graham。In one's honor意为为纪念/向...表示敬意；in one’s mind意为在……的心目中；in one’s opinion意为根据某人的看法/在……看来；in one’s favor意为对…有利/支持某人。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：这个机构给正在与癌症或其它严重疾病抗争的小朋友提供免费的技术支持，包含计算机，平板电脑，现在甚至有机器人。空格处与文章最后一句中的“robots”呼应。A. robots机器人；B. wheelchairs轮椅；C. books书；D. toys玩具。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：它真的帮助他们情绪上身体上同时康复。And前后的emotionally(情绪上地) 与physically（身体上地）形成对应关系。A. skillfully巧妙地，精巧地；B. physically身体上地；C. hopefully有希望地，有前途地；D. regretfully懊悔地，遗憾地。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：自从1998年，这个组织已经帮助1500多小孩保持与外部世界的联系。空格与组织名称中的“Connection”呼应。A. limited有限的；B. divided分裂的，分开的；C. closed关着的；D. connected有联系的，连贯的。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：这个组织的一个主要目标就是把孩子和他们的课堂联系在一起，这对于他们继续他们的学业是非常有帮助的，尽管在住院这段时间他们错过了上学。A. aims目标；B. reasons原因；C. faults故障；D. doubts怀疑，疑问。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：这个组织的一个主要目标就是把孩子和他们的课堂联系在一起，这对于他们继续他们的学业是非常有帮助的，尽管在住院这段时间他们错过了上学。A. compare比较，对比；B. quit离开，放弃 ；C. assess评定，估价；D. continue继续。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：这个组织的一个主要目标就是把孩子和他们的课堂联系在一起，这对于他们继续他们的学业是非常有帮助的，尽管在住院这段时间他们错过了上学。A. missed . 错过，想念；B. started开始；C. forgotten 忘记；D. wasted浪费。故选A。
6. 【浙江省杭州外国语学校2019年高考五月月考】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
This is the story of two lovers, who finally got married. Both of them were romantic at first, ___16___on the walk of life, problems, quarrels, profession came into their life.
One day, she finally decided “I want to break up”. “Why?” he asked.
“I am ___17___.” she answered.
He kept silent the whole night, seemingly in deep ___18___. finally he asked, “What can I do to ___19___your mind?”
Looking into his eyes she said, “Answer my question. If you can ___20___ my heart, I will change my mind. Let’s say, I want a flower ___21___on the face of a mountain cliff (悬崖), we both are sure that picking the flower will cause your ___22___. will you do it for me?”
He said, “I will give you my ___23___tomorrow.”
She woke up the next morning, found him gone, and saw a piece of paper on her bed, which ___24___ “My dear, I would not pick that flower for you, the ___25___are …”
“When you use the computer you always ___26___ the software, and you cry in front of the screen. I have to save my fingers so that I can help to restore the ___27___. You always leave the house keys behind, thus I have to save my ___28___to rush home to open the door for you. You love traveling but always lose your way in a (n) ___29___ city. I have to save my eyes to show you the way. You always ___30___at the computer, and that will do nothing good for your eyes. I have to save my eyes ___31___ when we grow old, I can help to clip your nails and help to remove those ___32___white hairs.”
“Thus, my dear, unless I am sure that there is someone who loves you ___33___ I do … I could not pick that flower yet, and die …”
That’s life, and ___34___. flowers, and romantic moments are only used and appear on the ___35___of the relationship. Under all this, the pillar of true love stands.
16. A. but B. and C. or D. so
17. A. lonely B. shamed C. tired D. worried
18. A. space B. thought C. shade D. impression
19. A. speak B. change C. blow D. keep
20. A. represent B. expand C. admit D. convince
21. A. growing B. falling C. living D. waiting
22. A. attention B. satisfaction C. interest D. death
23. A. agreement B. answer C. announcement D. judgment
24. A. writes B. informs C. prints D. goes
25. A. meanings B. messages C. reasons D. purposes
26. A. turn up B. put up C. use up D. mess up
27. A. structures B. programs C. balance D. position
28. A. legs B. patience C. energy D. dollars
29. A. ancient B. new C. modern D. underground
30. A. shout B. jump C. knock D. stare
31. A. as if B. now that C. so that D. in case
32. A. annoying B. enjoyable C. dusty D. amusing
33. A. less than B. rather than C. more than D. other than
34. A. determination B. love C. progress D. power
35. A. surface B. way C. principle D. nature
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. B 19. B 20. D 21. A 22. D 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
试题分析：本文叙述了一对年轻的夫妇结婚后，经常争吵，妻子想要与丈夫分手的事。丈夫问妻子怎样做才能改变她的主意。妻子让丈夫去把长在悬崖上的花采来，就改变主意。可是，那样做，丈夫会送命的。丈夫考虑了一晚，决定留着自己有用之躯继续帮助妻子解决生活中遇到的难题。其实生活中的平淡的小事就是爱情，鲜花和浪漫时刻只在表面关系时存在。
【16题详解】
考查连词及上下文的呼应。but 但是，表转折关系；and 而且，表示递进关系；or 或者，表示选择；so所以，表示结果。空格前romantic at first浪漫，空格后problems, quarrels问题，争吵，前后转折。句意：开始两人都浪漫,但一步入生活,问题,争吵,行业就进入了他们的生活。故选A 。
【17题详解】
考查形容词及上下文的呼应。lonely 孤独的，寂寞的； shamed 羞愧的，羞耻的； tired 疲倦的，厌烦的；worried 担心的。根据前文两个人争吵，妻子想break up分手，说明她厌倦了。句意：她回答道，“我感到厌烦了”。故选C。
【18题详解】
考查名词及上下文的呼应。space 空间； thought 思想，思考；shade 树荫，阴影； impression 印象。后文的finally he asked说明他先思考，然后回答，in deep thought“沉思”。句意：他整晚保持沉默,似乎在沉思。故选B。
【19题详解】
考查动词及上下文的呼应。speak 说话，演讲； change 改变；blow 风吹； keep 保持。
根据
专题04 语法填空
2019高考语法填空
1.【2019·全国I】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___62___ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modem methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut ___65___ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___66___ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ___67___ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___ (high) than they actually are. Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ___70___ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
【答案】61. that 62. poorly 63. of/for 64. to perform 65. have reported
66. belief 67. noting 68. higher 69. the 70. are
【解析】
【文章大意】 本文为科普类说明文。文章向我们介绍了目前北极熊的生存现状。近年来，在人类居住的地方看到北极熊的次数有所增加，这导致人们错误地认为北极熊的数量在上升，可事实并非如此。
61. that 考查名词性从句。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence内容，故填that。
62. poorly 考查形容词副词。分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。
63. of/about 考查介词。此处tracking polar bear populations作Modern methods的定语，methods of/for doing sth. 意为“……的方法”。故填of/for。
64. to perform考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语（主语+be +adj. + to do） 。句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，且在如此大区域内持续采用是很昂贵的。故填to perform。
65. have reported 考查动词时态。根据上下文语境，尤其是时间状语in recent years可知，句中需用现在完成时态。故填have reported。
66. belief考查词性转换。由其前不定冠词和其后that引导的同位语从句可知，空格处需填名词形式。故填belief。
67. noting 考查非谓语动词。介词by后填动名词形式，此处表示主动故填noting。句意：对此，科学家们的回应是饥饿的熊可能正聚集在人类聚居地的周围。note在此处为动词，意为“指出”。
68. higher 考查形容词比较级。根据其后than they actually are可知，此处需用形容词的比较级，故填higher。
69. the 考查定冠词。此处特指“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”。故填定冠词the。
70. are 考查主谓一致。根据three are declining，此处数词six作主语，代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”，故需用复数谓语，时态为一般现在时。故填are。
2.【2019·全国II】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for ___61___ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ___63___(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene ___64___(declare) she had no plans ___65___ (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said，“I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___67___ because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，“We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call ___68___ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was ___69___ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's ___70___ (wonder).”
【答案】61. being 62. which 63. finally 64. declared 65. to retire 66. have made
67. but 68. saying 69. a 70. wonderful
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了一位90岁的英国女士Irene Astbury，因为仍然坚持每周上班，获得年度“年度女性奖”称号的故事。本文以积极工作为切入点，宣传劳动精神，引导考生培养劳动意识。
61. being考查非谓语动词。分析空格前面介词for，后面要求使用v-ing的形式，作介词的宾语，故填being。
62. which考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子中的the pet shop是真正的先行词，指物，空格后面的句子中opened缺少宾语，故填which引导非限制性定语从句。
63. finally 考查副词。分析have 63 （final）been acknowledged语境可知，此处是副词修饰动词，作状语， 故填finally。
64. declared 考查时态。分析本句的结构，缺少谓语，同时结合后面的句子中的had可知，使用一般过去时。填declared。
65. to retire考查非谓语动词。根据语境，表示她宣布她现在还没有要退休的计划。此处使用不定式作plan的后置定语。
66. have made考查时态。结合空格后面的时间状语over the years可知，在过去的多年里，她结交的朋友们，因此说明已经做完的事情，故使用现在完成时。填have made。
67. but考查连词。与前面的句子I work not because I have to中的not构成一个固定结构，not…but…不是……而是……，故填but。
68. saying考查非谓语动词。分析say与前面的call之间的关系可知，它们构成了主谓关系，填saying，作后置定语，修饰前面的call。
69. a 考查冠词。根据前面We don't have any idea who put grandma forward我们不知道谁提名了祖母，以及she was short-listed接到电话说她入围了，开始我们以为这是一个玩笑，a joke一个玩笑，故填a。
70. wonderful考查词性转换(名词变形容词)。根据前面的We are so proud of her.我们为她感到骄傲和自豪，分析本句空格前面是系动词is，后面跟形容词作表语，故填wonderful。
3.【2019·全国III】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On our way to the house，it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ___62___ (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ___63___ dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and ___65___(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting ___66___(compete)to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many ___67___(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were ___68___ (huge)popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we ___69___(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
【答案】61. so 62. to get 63. of 64. who 65. recommended 66. competition 67. traditional
68. hugely 69. were 70. listening
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在旅游时所居住的那家主人对他们的热情款待，传递了友善和和谐的情感。
61. so考查固定句型。分析结构可知，此处是结果状语从句，修饰副词hard应该填so。“so …that”句型，表示“如此……以至于”。
62. to get考查非谓语动词。根据结构判断此处是句型“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”，意思是“做某事花费某人多长时间”。
63. of 考查介词。固定短语：a pack of 意为“一群”。句意：首先欢迎我们的是一群狗的叫声，确切地说是七只狗。
64. who 考查定语从句。分析结构可知，masters是先行词，后面是定语从句。从句中缺少主语，判断用关系代词。又因为指代表示“人”的名词masters，所以填who。
65. recommended 考查动词时态。 从结构可知and连接两个并列谓语动词，所以判断空格处所填的词应该和shared一致，故填 recommended。
66. competition 考查词性转换。形容词interesting应该修饰名词，而且空前有不定冠词an，故填单数名词competition。
67. traditional 考查词性转换空格处于名词stories前，判断应该用形容词作定语。故填traditional。
68. hugely 考查词性转换。空格在句中位于形容词前，所以判断用副词作状语。故填hugely。
69. were invited 考查动词时态和语态。根据语境判断句子是讲述过去发生的事情，句中需用一般过去时；而且主语we和动词invite之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动形式。故填were invited。
70. listening 考查非谓语动词。分析结构可知，逗号后是非谓语短语作状语，而逻辑主语we和动词listen之间是主动关系，判断用现在分词。故填listening。
4.【2019·浙江】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ___56___ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚). Everybody wears___57___ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or ___59___ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ___60___ (easy) see them.
But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ___61___ this question is not clear. One study in America found that students' grades ___62___ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want ___63___ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no ___64___(connect) between uniforms and school performance.
School uniforms are ___65___ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.
【答案】56. has/will have 57. the 58. that/which 59. cycling 60. easily 61. to
62. improved 63. to wear 64. connection/connections 65. traditional
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了穿校服的各种好处。
56. has/will have考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本文通篇以一般现在时为主。分析句子结构可知，主语是nobody，所以谓语动词用has。同时根据When引导的时间状语从句谓语动词用一般现在时态可知，主句也可以用一般将来时will have。
57. the 考查冠词。 根据same可知，前面一定用the，表示“同样的衣服样式”。
58. that/which 考查定语从句。 分析句子结构可知，空处引导的是定语从句，先行词为a piece of cloth，且定语从句中缺少主语，故填关系代词that/which。
59．cycling 考查非谓语动词。 根据上文walking和or可知，此处需要与walking结构一致的现在分词，故填cycling。
60． easily 考查副词。 根据句中can see them可知，需要easy的副词形式来修饰动词，故填easily。 【易错点拨】注意easy的副词是easily，而不是easely或写成easyly。
61． to 考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处是the answer to the question结构，表示“问题的答案”，故用介词to。
62. improved 考查谓语动词。 根据空前的谓语动词found可知，此处that引导的是宾语从句，而从句中缺少谓语动词，同时根据found可知，时态是过去时态，故填improved。【易错点拨】注意improved表示“提高、改进”，此处是主动形式，而不要写成were improved。
63． to wear 考查非谓语动词。 分析句子结构可知，此处为不定式作want后面的宾语，故用to wear。【知识拓展】非谓语动词作状语时，doing通常表示与主语同时发生且是主动关系；done表示与主语之间是被动关系；having done表示该动作先于主句的动作发生且与主语之间是主动关系；to do通常表示目的。
64. connection/connections 考查名词。 根据no可知，后面需要connect的名词形式，语意表示“联系、连接”，故填connection/connections。
65. traditional 考查形容词。 分析句子结构可知，空处作are后面的表语，所以需要tradition的形容词形式traditional，表示“传统的”。
5.【2019·北京】语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
On the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I ___1___(voice)my biggest concern to my mother. “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously ___2___ (face) challenges. I know I will whisper to ___3___(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
【答案】1. voiced 2. facing 3. myself
【解析】
1. voiced 考查时态，根据首句的stood可知此处讲述的是过去的事情，应该用一般过去式，所以用voiced（表达，吐露）。
2. facing 考查非谓语动词，现在分词形式做时间状语，相当于when I face challenges。
3. myself 考查反身代词，此处用作宾语，表示对自己低声说，所以用“myself”。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Earth Day，___4___(mark)on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated ___5___ 1970，the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区). No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various ___6___(activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree，make a meal with locally grown vegetables，or save power—the possibilities are endless.
【答案】4. marked 5. in 6. activities
【解析】
4. marked 考查动词的过去分词，此处Earth Day和mark是被动关系，因此用动词的过去分词形式marked。
5. in 考查介词的用法，年份前面应该加介词in。
6. activities 考查名词的复数形式，因为前面的形容词是various“各种各样的”，因此用名词的复数形式activities。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Does the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question ___7___(suggest)that，for most students，it doesn't. What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go. The students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life. taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(资源)，Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and ___10___(meaning)college experience.
【答案】7. suggests/suggested/has suggested 8. where 9. who/that 10. meaningful
【解析】
7. suggests 考查动词的时态。此处表示“研究表明”是客观事实，所以用一般现在时的第三人称形式suggests。
8. where 考查宾语从句，此处表示“学生们做什么看起来比去哪里更重要”，连接词用where。
9. who 考查定语从句，先行词是人称代词those，所以后面的关系代词用who。
10. meaningful 考查词性转换，因and前为形容词healthy，此处也应该用形容词形式meaningful。
2019年高考名校模拟试题
1.【东北三省四市2019届高三二模联考】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
We send words, pictures or videos ___41___ our friends on the Internet every day. But ___42___ seems that we can also even send them a glass of lemonade now.
This is ___43___ the unimaginable technology works. First, a color sensor (传感器) and a PH sensor ___44___ (place) in a real glass of lemonade. Then a control module sends information about the color and taste of the lemonade to a special glass ___45___ (fill) with water at another ___46___ (locate). By ___47___ (use) electronic stimulators (刺激物), the special glass recreates the taste of the original when the recipient (接受者) drinks the water. Researchers found that there are no significant ___48___ (different) between a real glass of lemonade and a virtual (虚拟的) one.
If the technology is improved, we may even soon be able to share our ___49___ (favor) dishes with our friends online instead of in simply ___50___ photo.
【答案】41. to 42. it
43. how 44. are placed
45. filled 46. location
47. using 48. differences
49. favorite
50. a
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。我们每天在网上给我们的朋友发送文字、图片或视频，但现在看来，我们甚至可以给他们送一杯柠檬水。短文介绍了这个不可思议的技术的工作原理。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：我们每天在网上给我们的朋友发送文字、图片或视频。send sth to sb “ 将某物发送/寄给某人”为固定短语。故填to。
【42题详解】
考查it。句意：但现在看来，我们甚至可以给他们送一杯柠檬水。it seems that为主语从句，it作形式主语，真正的主语为that从句。故填it。
【43题详解】
考查连接副词。句意：以下是这个不可思议的技术的工作原理。分析句子可知，本句为表语从句，根据句意可知，空处缺少表示方式的连接副词how。故填how。
【44题详解】
考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：首先，一个颜色传感器和PH值传感器被放置在一杯真正的柠檬水中。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，主语a color sensor (传感器) and a PH sensor 与谓语place为被动。故填are placed。
【45题详解】
考查形容词短语。句意：然后控制模块将有关柠檬水的颜色和味道的信息发送到另一个位置的一个装满水的特殊玻璃杯中。be filled with“充满...”为固定短语。在本句中为形容词短语作后置定语，所以填filled。故填filled。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：然后控制模块将有关柠檬水的颜色和味道的信息发送到另一个位置的一个装满水的特殊玻璃杯中。another为形容词修饰名词location 。故填location 。
【47题详解】
考查动名词。句意：通过使用电子刺激器，特殊的玻璃杯在接受者喝水时重现了原来的味道。by doing sth “通过做某事”，其中by为介词后接动名词作宾语。故填using。
【48题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：研究人员发现，一杯真正的柠檬水和一杯虚拟的柠檬水没有明显的区别。分析句子可知，本句为there be 句型，是全部倒装句，由系动词are可知，主语为复数形式。difference为可数名词。故填differences。
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如果这项技术得到改进，我们甚至很快就能在网上与朋友分享我们最喜欢的菜肴，而不仅仅是一张照片。dishes为名词，由形容词修饰，根据句意，形容词为favorite。故填favorite 。
【50题详解】
考查冠词。句意：如果这项技术得到改进，我们甚至很快就能在网上与朋友分享我们最喜欢的菜肴，而不仅仅是一张照片。photo为单数可数名词，在本句中指一张照片，所以应用a/an 来修饰名词photo。因为photo首字母发音为辅音音素，所以空处填a。故填a。
2.【河北省保定市2019届高三下学期第二次模拟】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ahead of this year’s London Book Fair in March, media reported a rise in interest in translated works among British readers. For translator Anna Holmwood, this signals the ___41___ (arrive) of a new era.
“This is a big moment for Chinese fiction abroad,” says Holmwood, ___42___ has translated Chinese literature for almost a decade.
Her translation work, Legends of the Condor Heroes, a fantasy novel written by Jin Yong, and Liu Cixin’s science-fiction book, The Three Body Problem, are shown in a Nielsen report ___43___ examples of two of the most popular Chinese fiction works in Britain in 2018.
“Languages in growing demand include Chinese and Arabic.” according to the Nielsen report. It found that, against the commonly ___44___ (see) “not more than 3 percent rule” of translated literature’s presence in the English-language book markets, the number for 2018 was 5.63 percent in Britain ___45___ the total annual sales was worth $27.1 million.
Charlotte Collins, translator and co-chair of the British Translators Association, says: “As we can see, this proportion (比率) ___46___ (double) in recent years... This is ___47___ (real) exciting news.”
The Guardian quotes (引用) Fiammetta Rocco, administrator of the Man Booker International Prize, “___48___ (read) fiction is one of the ___49___ (good) ways of putting ourselves in other people’s shoes. The rise in sales of translated fiction ___50___ (show) how hungry British readers are for terrific writing from other countries.”
【答案】41. arrival
42. who 43. as
44. seen 45. and
46. has doubled
47. really 48. Reading
49. best 50. shows
【解析】
本文是一篇调查报告。通过对英语图书市场的调查发现，在英国翻译小说销量的增长表明，英国读者对其他国家的优秀作品是多么渴望。
【41题详解】
考查词形转换。句意：对于翻译安娜·霍姆伍德来说，这标志着一个新时代的到来。根据the可知此处应该用名词形式，故答案为arrival。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。此处Holmwood是先行词，指人，在后面的定语从句中作主语，又是非限制性定语从句，that不能引导，故答案为who。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：她的翻译作品《射雕英雄传》(legend of the Condor Heroes)、金庸的奇幻小说《射雕英雄传》(Legends of the Condor Heroes)，以及刘慈欣的科幻小说《三体》(the Three Body Problem)都在尼尔森(Nielsen)的一份报告中被列为2018年英国最受欢迎的两部中国小说之一。固定搭配：show---as---“把------当作------”。故答案为as.
【44题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：调查发现，与英语图书市场中常见的“不超过3%的规则”相反，2018年英国的这一数字为5.63%，并且年度总销售额为2710万美元。此处是过去分词作前置定语“被经常看见的”，故答案为seen。
【45题详解】
考查并列连词。句意：调查发现，与英语图书市场中常见的“不超过3%的规则”相反，2018年英国的这一数字为5.63%，并且年度总销售额为2710万美元。结合句意可知此处是并列的递进关系，故答案为and。
【46题详解】
考查时态。句意：正如我们所看到的，这一比例近年来翻了一番。根据in recent years.可知句子用现在完成时态，且主语是proportion，不可数名词，属于单数第三人称，故答案为has doubled。
【47题详解】
考查词形转换。此处exciting是形容词，由副词来修饰，故答案为really。
【48题详解】
考查动名词作主语。句意：读小说是设身处地为别人着想的最好方法之一。此处是动名词作主语，故答案为Reading。
【49题详解】
考查最高级。句意：读小说是设身处地为别人着想的最好方法之一。此处有范围，再根据定冠词the，可知用最高级，故答案为best。
【50题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：翻译小说销量的增长表明，英国读者对其他国家的优秀作品是多么渴望。结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态，且主语是rise，单数第三人称，故答案为shows。
3.【2019年淮北?宿州高三第二次模拟】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese double amputee（截肢）climber Xia Boyu received the most votes ___41___ (global) to become the 2019 Laureus Sporting Moment of the Year winner on Monday.
Xia came out from an initial list of 10 nominees before three finalists were made ___42___(know) to the public earlier this month.
Xia had lost both his legs in 1975 during his first attempt to reach ___43___ world’s highest peak of Qomolangma due to frostbite. He challenged the summit in 2014, 2015 and 2016 ___44___ well, but his dreams ___45___(break) owing to avalanche, earthquake and bad weather respectively.
Xia finally made ___46___ in his fifth attempt on May 14, 2018, becoming the first Chinese double amputee climber ___47___(reach)the summit of Qomolangma.
“Climbing to the summit of Qomolangma is always a dream and goal for me. I ___48___(fight) for it over the past decades. Despite bad knocks several times, I never gave up. I think the determination made my life so colorful and ___49___(meaning),” Xia told Chinese media.
Xia added that his next goal will be “7+2”, namely the highest summits of seven ___50___(continent), plus the South Pole and North pole.
【答案】41. globally
42. known 43. the
44. as 45. were broken
46. it 47. to reach / to have reached
48. have fought
49. meaningful
50. continents
【解析】
本文是一篇人物介绍。文章主要介绍了夏伯渝成为首位登顶珠穆朗玛峰的中国双腿截肢登山者。
41.考查副词。修饰动词，用副词形式。句意：中国双腿截肢登山者夏伯渝在全球范围内获得了多数选票。故填globally。
42.考查非谓语动词。短语be made known to被为人所知。句意：夏从最初的10名候选人名单中脱颖而出，本月早些时候有三名候选人进入决赛。故填known。
43.考查冠词。修饰形容词最高级highest ，前用定冠词the。句意：1975年，由于冻伤，夏第一次尝试攀登珠穆朗玛峰时失去了双腿。故填the。
44.考查短语。短语as well也，以及。句意：他2014年、2015年和2016年也挑战过珠峰。故填as。
45.考查语态。句中主语his dreams与break之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。句意：但由于雪崩、地震和恶劣天气，他梦想破灭了。故填were broken。
46.考查短语。短语make it成功；达到预定目标。句意：2018年5月14日，他第五次尝试攀登珠峰，成为中国第一位双截肢登山者。故填it。
47.考查非谓语动词。当修饰的名词前有序数词修饰，常常用不定式作定语。且事情已经完成，故可用不定式的完成式。句意：成为首位登顶珠峰的中国双腿截肢登山者。故填to reach / to have reached。
48.考查时态。根据句中时间状语over the past decades可知，用现在完成时。句意：在过去的几十年里，我一直在为之奋斗。故填have fought。
49.考查形容词。make+名词?/ 代词+形容词。句意：我认为这种决心让我的生活如此丰富多彩。故填meaningful。
50.考查名词数。名词continent为可数名词，根据seven修饰可知用复数形式。句意：夏补充说，他的下一个目标是“7+2”，即七大洲的最高峰，加上南极和北极。故填continents。
4.【安徽省蚌埠市2019届高三第三次教学质量检查】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Kite flying dated from China and became popular around the country. With a long history, it is considered as the ___41___(early) aircraft we have ever know. Kites were used for military(军事的) purposes in the very beginning, such as measurement and signaling. Later kite flying gradually became ___42___ outdoor activity for both recreation and art.
In the past, people fastened bamboo – made whistles onto a kite. While ___43___(fly) through the wind, it produced sound like the music produced by gu – zheng, ___44___ is a traditional Chinese musical instrument. Therefore, kite has ___45___(it) modern name as fengzheng.
In the 7th century, kite ___46___(introduce) to neighboring countries including Korea and Japan. Around the 13th century, Marco Polo introduced it to Europe and Arab countries.
Around the Qingming Festival, ___47___(usual) on early April, many people fly kites in public squares. The sky is dotted with kites of different ___48___(design), such as dancing butterflies, bounding dragons, and swimming fish. When people look at those kites, they feel as if they are flying away with the kites ___49___(escape) the noisy world and step into the nature with their body and soul. It is a way for people to pray for blessings and good luck.
The traditional Chinese kite expresses ____50____(harmonious) between human and nature, a long – held belief treasured by the Chinese people.
【答案】41. earliest 42. an 43. flying 44. which 45. its 46. was introduced
47. usually 48. designs 49. to escape 50. harmony
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。风筝起源于中国。开始是用作军事用途，后来才发展成为一种娱乐和艺术活动。文中分别说明了风筝名字由来，传播到其他国家的时间，放风筝的时间以及风筝样式，最后讲述了人们寄予风筝的美好意愿。
41.考查形容词最高级。句意：历史上很长一段时间内，它被认为是我们曾知道的最早的飞行器。由“we have ever know（我们曾知道的）”这个限定语可知空格处填形容词最高级。故填earliest。
42.考查不定冠词。句意：后来风筝逐渐变成一种娱乐和艺术的户外活动。 Outdoor/a?td??/是以元音音素开头的，故填an。
43.考查现在分词。句意：当它在风中飞的时候，会发出像古筝一样的声音，古筝是一种传统的中国乐器。风筝是自己飞，主动发出动作。故填flying。
44.考查定语从句。句意：当它在风中飞的时候，会发出像古筝一样的声音，古筝是一种传统的中国乐器。空格前有逗号，且空格后句子缺少主语，所以本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为gu – zheng，表物，故填which。
45.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：因此，风筝有了它现在这个名字风筝。It形容词性物主代词为its，故填its。
46.考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：在七世纪，风筝被介绍到了像朝鲜和日本这样的邻国。由“In the 7th century”确定本句时态为一般过去时，kite（物体）作主语，确定语态为被动语态。同时kite是第三人称单数，故填was introduced。
47.考查副词。句意：在清明前后，常常在四月初，很多人会在公共广场上放风筝。空格修饰介词短语，需用副词。故填usually。
48.考查名词的数。句意：天空点缀着各种不同设计的风筝，有飞舞的蝴蝶，跳跃的龙，还有游泳的鱼。“different（不同的）”修饰可数名词的复数形式，故填designs。
49.考查动词不定式。句意：当人们看到那些风筝的时候，他们感觉他们在和风筝一起飞，去躲避噪杂的世界，身心迈入大自然。不定式在这里做目的状语。故填to escape。
50.考查名词。句意：传统的中国风筝表达的是人与自然的和谐，这是中国人长期保有的珍贵信仰。故填harmony。
5.【山东省日照市2019届高三5月校际联合考试】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
I had always considered acupuncture (针灸) old-fashioned. But the drama of my recent strange illness and recovery changed my mind ___61___ (complete).
Last month, after sleeping through a flight, I discovered I couldn’t move my right arm and fingers. The doctors diagnosed me with neural (神经的) injury. I was scared. Luckily, Richard, an acupuncturist, offered ___62___ (help) me.
I started my acupuncture treatment. Dozens of tiny needles ___63___ (insert) across my arm and fingers. I dared not move, because even a small change of position could cause a sharp pain. After a few days, I could move my fingers. Two weeks ___64___ (go) by before I could eat a meal with chopsticks. Within a month, my arm and fingers were almost back to ___65___ (they) normal functions.
In that clinic, I made friends with many other patients and heard their ___66___ (story). One lady, who became deaf two months ago, has recovered her hearing abilities. I was very surprised at ___67___ magic these tiny needles are.
Acupuncture originated in China 2,000 years ago. Essentially, it functions ___68___ improving the smooth flow of life force energy, ___69___ (know) in Chinese as “qi”. Although acupuncture may not cure all illnesses, at least it creates a good starting point for a healthy body. I hope the ___70___ (wise) of acupuncture will continue to bring health to more friends.
【答案】61. completely 62. to help 63. were inserted 64. went/had gone 65. their 66. stories
67. how 68. by 69. known 70. wisdom
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者一直认为针灸过时了。但是最近奇怪的疾病和康复完全改变了他的想法。作者介绍了中国的针灸。
61.考查词形转换。句意：但是我最近奇怪的疾病和康复完全改变了我的想法。此处changed是动词，由副词来修饰，故答案为completely。
62.考查固定搭配。offer to do sth.“提供做某事”，由动词不定式作宾语，故答案为to help。
63.考查被动语态。句意：几十根小针插在我的胳膊和手指上。此处句子主语needles，复数形式，与谓语动词insert之间是一种被动关系，再跟上文中Last month,可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为were inserted。
64.考查时态。句意：两个星期过去了，我才可以用筷子吃饭。结合句意可知句子用一般过去时态或过去完成时态，故答案为went/had gone。
65.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：不到一个月，我的手臂和手指几乎恢复了正常功能。此处用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故答案为their。
66.考查名词复数。句意：在那个诊所里，我和许多其他病人交朋友，听他们的故事。结合句意可知此处用名词复数，故答案为stories。
67.考查宾语从句。句意：我对这些小针的魔力感到非常惊讶。此处是how引导的宾语从句，故答案为how。
68.考查介词。句意：本质上，它的功能是通过改善生命力量的平稳流动，在中国被称为“气”。By doing sth.“通过做某事”，故答案为by。
69.考查过去分词做后置定语。句意：本质上，它的功能是通过改善生命力量的平稳流动，在中国被称为“气”。此处the smooth flow of life force energy,和know之间是一种被动关系，这里是过去分词做后置定语，故答案为known。
70.考查名词。句意：我希望针灸的智慧能继续为更多的朋友带来健康。根据the可知此处用名词形式，故答案为wisdom。
6. 【浙江省杭州外国语学校2019年高考五月月考】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Miners have dangerous jobs because occasionally the earth sinks or falls apart. When this happens, miners are ____36____(trap) underground. They are buried ______37______ they don't have air to breathe, food to eat, and water to drink, they will die. They ______38______ not go without any of these things for long, but the first is the most important. ____39____is difficult to figure out where miners are and reach them in time. Trapped miners dream of ______40______ (be) free and don't give up.
In August 2010, 33 miners _______41_______ (go) to work in a mine in Chile, All of a sudden, a wall broke apart and rocks and dirt filled _____42_____ mine's exit. At first,people thought all the miners died. _____43_____ , after working tor 17 days, people at the surface learned the miners were still alive. ______44______, people on the surface figured out where the miners were and dug a _____45_____to send them food and water.
【答案】36. trapped
37. If 38. can
39. It 40. being
41. went 42. the
43. However
44. Luckily/Fortunately
45. hole
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。矿工从事危险的工作，因为有时地面会下沉或破碎。当这种情况发生时，矿工被困在地下。文章介绍矿工发生事故时所采取的措施。
【36题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：当这种情况发生时，矿工被困在地下。句子用一般现在时态的被动语态，be动词已经给出，故答案为trapped。
【37题详解】
考查条件状语从句。句意：如果他们没有空气呼吸，没有食物吃，没有水喝，他们就会死。此处是if引导的条件状语从句，故答案为If。
38题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：他们不能长时间没有这些东西，但空气是最重要的。表示“能够”结合句意可知此处用情态动词can。
【39题详解】
考查it用法。句意：弄清楚矿工在哪里，并及时找到他们是很难的。此处it是形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，故答案为It。
【40题详解】
考查动名词作宾语。of是介词，后加动名词。dream of dong sth.“梦想着做某事”，故答案为being。
【41题详解】
考查时态。根据In August 2010可知句子用一般过去时态，故答案为went。
【42题详解】
考查定冠词the。句意：突然，一堵墙裂开了，岩石和泥土填满了矿井的出口。结合句意可知此处表示特指，故答案为the。
【43题详解】
考查转折副词。句意：然而，经过17天的工作，地面上的人们得知矿工们还活着。前后是一种转折关系，故答案为However。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：幸运的是，地面上的人们找到了矿工的位置，挖了一个洞给他们送食物和水。结合句意可知答案为Luckily/Fortunately。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：幸运的是，地面上的人们找到了矿工的位置，挖了一个洞给他们送食物和水。结合句意可知答案为hole。
7. 【河南省安阳市2019届高三毕业班第二次模拟】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
Iceland is a land of volcanoes. Nowhere is ___41___（evident） than on the Westman Islands off the southern coast of Iceland. Here, ___42___（century） of volcanic eruptions formed many eye-catching sea cliffs （悬崖）, among ___43___ one stands out: A part of the volcano-formed coast on Heimaey looks exactly like the head of a large elephant ___44___（stick）its trunk in the water.
In fact, it looks so much like an elephant that many people think it must have been shaped by humans. That is not ___45___ case, however. The elephant’s realistic ___46___（appear）is, at least partially, due to the fact that the cliff ___47___（consist）of a special rock. The rock gives the figure “skin” that looks wrinkled and gray, just like that of a real elephant.
The most common theory is that the rock formations came from the Eldfell Volcano, which ___48___（erupt）many times since the 1940s.
In spite of the strong resemblance to an elephant, some people ___49___（actual）see something different when they look at the rock formation. They see the fictional character Cthulhu, a sea beast.
Whether you see an elephant ___50___ a fictional beast, as one of many attractions on Heimaey, the rock does draw curious sightseers.
【答案】41. more evident
42. centuries
43. which 44. sticking
45. the 46. appearance
47. consists
48. has erupted
49. actually
50. or
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了冰岛南部海岸的韦斯特曼群岛上的由火山喷发后形成的形状外观类似大象的一处美丽景观。
【41题详解】
考查形容词比较级。根椐空后的“than”判断，此处表示比较概念，故用比较级。evident的比较级为more evident。
【42题详解】
考查名词单复数。century是可数名词，前面没有修饰语，故用复数形式centuries
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，两个句子之间是逗号，而且没有连词，故判断逗号后部分是非限制性定语从句。先行词是sea cliffs，所以介词后接which引导的定语从句。其中定语从句是介词短语位于句首的倒装句。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。根据结构判断空格后部分是非谓语短语作后置定语，被修饰词elephant和动词stick之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式sticking。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：然而，事实并非如此。本句中the case 表示“实情，事实”，特指上文In fact, it looks so much like an elephant that many people think it must have been shaped by humans.这件事，故填定冠词the。
【46题详解】
考查词性转换。名词所有格elephant’s和形容词realistic后面需跟名词，而且谓语是is，所以用名词单数形式。故填appearance。
【47题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句子是介绍一个景观，而且主语是单数名词cliff，所以谓语动词应该用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。注意consist of“由……组成”，不用被动形式。故填consists。
【48题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“since the 1940s”判断句子用现在完成时，因which指代the Eldfell Volcano，所以填 has erupted。
【49题详解】
考查副词。修饰动词see应用副词形式，故填actually。
【50题详解】
考查连词。句意：不管你看到的是大象还是虚构的野兽，作为Heimaey岛上众多景点之一，这块岩石确实吸引了好奇的观光客。固定句型whether...or…表示“不管是……还是……”。故填or。
8. 【安徽省黄山市2019届高三第三次质量检测】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Once upon a time, there was a poor fisherman ___41___ always dreamed of becoming rich. He wished to become ___42___ millionaire, and so did his wife. He heard ___43___ some old men before, that several ships ___44___ (load) with diamonds and gold had sunk in the nearby seashore. Because of this, for a long time he kept searching that whole area for this treasure.
One day, while he was sitting on the boat daydreaming, he suddenly felt that the fishing rod ___45___ (weigh) down by a heavy object. He ___46___ (excite) pulled hard at it, and ___47___ he saw made him shout, “Wow! A big, shiny gold chain!” He pulled hard at the gold chain to get it into the boat, but ___48___ seemed to be no end to it. His boat started to get overload and the sea water filled his boat. ___49___, he had begun dreaming of a big house, a big piece of land and ___50___ (buy) horses and cows... He kept pulling at the chain while the boat kept sinking. The boat was finally submerged and he struggled to stay afloat. Unfortunately, his feet were caught in the gold chain and he drowned.
【答案】41. who/that
42. a 43. from
44. loaded 45. was being weighed
46. excitedly
47. what 48. there
49. However
50. buying
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一则寓言故事。从前，有一个贫穷的渔夫，他总是梦想着成为富人。有一天机会来了，但遗憾的是，他由于贪婪他的脚被金链缠住，淹死了。
【41题详解】
此处
考查定语从句。句意：从前，有一个贫穷的渔夫，他总是梦想着成为富人。此处fisherman是先行词，指人，在后面的定语从句中作主语，故答案为who/that。
【42题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：他想成为一个百万富翁，他妻子也想成为百万富翁。结合句意可知此处表示泛指，用不定冠词，故答案为a。
【43题详解】
考查固定词组。句意：他从前听一些老人说过，有几艘载满钻石和黄金的船在附近的海岸沉没了。固定词组：hear from“从------听说过”。故答案为from。
【44题详解】
考查时态。句意：他从前听一些老人说过，有几艘载满钻石和黄金的船在附近的海岸沉没了。这里指过去曾经发生的一件事，句子用一般过去时态，故答案为loaded。
【45题详解】
考查时态。句意：有一天，当他坐在船上做白日梦的时候，他突然觉得钓鱼竿被一个很重的东西压了下来。结合句意可知此处用过去进行时态的被动语态，且句子主语是rod，是单数第三人称，故答案为was being weighed。
【46题详解】
考查词形转换。句意：他兴奋地使劲拉它。此处pulled是动词，副词修饰动词，“感到兴奋地”，故答案为excitedly。
【47题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：他看到的让他大叫。此处是主语从句作主语，从句缺少引导词，且从句谓语动词缺少宾语，故答案为what。
【48题详解】
考查there be句型。句意：但似乎没有尽头。结合句意可知此处是there be句型，故答案为there。
【49题详解】
考查转折副词。句意：然而，他开始梦想着有一所大房子，一大片土地，买马和牛……。此处前后是一种转折关系，故答案为However。
【50题详解】
考查动名词作宾语。句意：然而，他开始梦想着有一所大房子，一大片土地，买马和牛……。此处是动名词作宾语，与dreaming构成并列宾语，故答案为buying。
9.【广东省六校2019届高三第四次联考】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Confucianism (儒家思想), ___41___ (develop) from thoughts by Confucius during the Spring and Autumn Period, is a philosophical system which has become ___42___ important part of Chinese culture. It was first set up by Confucius (551–479 BC) and later was developed by philosophers, including Mencius, Dong Zhongshu, Wang Yangming and others.
Confucianism means a lot not only to China, but also to the world. In 1988, 75 Nobel prizewinners said that ___43___ mankind is to survive it must go back 25 centuries in time to tap the ___44___ (wise) of Confucius. Today, sentences from Confucianism are ___45___ (frequent) heard in speeches or talks given by famous foreign people. Besides, people around the globe can have access ___46___ Confucius ideas in Confucius Institutes and Chinese Culture Centers abroad. The institutes and centers serve as non-profit public institutions to help foreigners ___47___ (well) understand China than before through language teaching and culture introduction.
So far China ___48___ (open) 465 Confucius Institutes in 123 countries and regions. There are also 713 Confucius Classrooms operating in middle and primary schools. What’s more, Chinese Culture Centers in Cairo, Paris, Berlin, Tokyo and Denmark, to name a few, are introducing China by holding cultural ___49___ (activity), opening training classes, and ___50___ (build) libraries.
【答案】41. developed
42. an 43. if
44. wisdom 45. frequently
46. to 47. better
48. has opened
49. activities
50. building
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了儒家思想的起源，发展及其在世界上的影响，并且说明了孔子学院在世界的分布情况。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：儒学是由春秋时期孔子的思想发展而来的一种哲学体系，已成为中国文化的重要组成部分。本句已经存在谓语动词，且句中没有连词，故develop只能做非谓语动词，本句中表示动作的完成，故用过去分词，填developed。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。part为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个重要部分”，且important为元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
【43题详解】
考查连接词。句意：1988年，75位诺贝尔奖得主说，如果人类要生存下去，就必须追溯到25个世纪以前，汲取孔子的智慧。本句为条件状语从句，表示“如果”，填if。
【44题详解】
考查名词。根据上文定冠词the可知应填名词wisdom。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：今天，来自儒家思想的句子经常出现在外国名人的演讲中。heard为动词，需要副词修饰，故填frequently。
【46题详解】
考查介词。句意：此外，世界各地的人们都可以在孔子学院和海外的中国文化中心了解孔子的思想。短语have access to“接近；了解”，故填to。
【47题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：这些机构和中心是非营利的公共机构，通过语言教学和文化介绍，帮助外国人更好地了解中国。根据下文than before可知应用形容词的比较级形式，故填better。
【48题详解】
考查动词时态。根据上文so far“到目前为止”可知本句应用现在完成时，主语为China，故填has opened。
【49题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：此外，开罗、巴黎、柏林、东京和丹麦等地的中国文化中心正在通过举办文化活动、开设培训班和建设图书馆等方式介绍中国。activity为可数名词，根据下文training classes可知此处应用复数形式，故填activities。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。根据上文opening training classes, and可知本句与上文构成并列非谓语结构，故填building。
10.【宁夏银川一中2019届高三第二次模拟】阅读下面材料，在空白处填人适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
More and more public schools in America make it a rule that students must finish a certain amount of community service ___61___they are allowed to graduate from high school. They work on projects like making the environment better or ___62___ (feed) homeless people.
Many school systems in the United States now ask students ___63___(do) some kinds of community service as part of their studies. Students involved in service projects help ___64___(they) as well as their communities. They learn about the needs of people and aid ___65___(organize).For this reason, holidays ___66___(become) the prime period for volunteer work so far. Volunteers get no pay, but experts point out that it is ___67___ excellent opportunity to learn and practice new skills.
According to the statistics, more than 60% of young Americans have participated___68___different kinds of community service, such as cooking for homeless people, or painting old buildings, etc. Some students like to do their volunteer work in ___69___(centre) parts of America, but the majority of teens prefer to do it in their hometowns. Tom, a 16-year-old middle school student in California, often___70___(do) community service in a local hospital. He works 16 hours every week either receiving calls at the information desk, or helping push patients back to their wards(病房).
【答案】61. before
62. feeding
63. to do 64. themselves
65. organizations
66. have become
67. an 68. in
69. central
70. does
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了美国的公立大学规定，在学生从高中毕业之前必须完成一定数量的社区服务，并讲了社区服务对于学生自身和社区的好处。
【61题详解】
根据句意，要求学生在从高中毕业之前，一定完成一定数量的社区服务。故填before。
【62题详解】
or前后连接两个并列成分，应保持相同的形式。or前面的动词用了-ing形式，所以之后的动词也应用-ing形式。故填feeding。
【63题详解】
ask sb. to do sth.是固定搭配。故填 to do。
【64题详解】
对他们自身有帮助。故填themselves。
【65题详解】
aid sth./sb.意为帮助某事或某人，其后应用名词，而此处不仅指一个组织。故填organizations。
【66题详解】
根据后面的so far可知此句时态应用现在完成时。故填have become。
【67题详解】
元音前的不定冠词应用an。故填an。
【68题详解】
participate in为固定搭配，意为参加。故填in。
【69题详解】
形容词修饰名词，故此处应用centre的形容词形式。故填central。
【70题详解】
该句主语为Tom为第三人称，do的第三人称形式为does。故填does。
11.【河北省唐山市2019届高三第二次模拟】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Awakening of Insects (惊蛰) ___41___ (fall) on Mar 6 and ends on Mar 20 this year.
Awakening of Insects signals a rise in temperature and increased rain fall. As the ___42___ (three) solar term in the lunar year, ___43___ (it) name suggests the fact that animals sleeping in winter are awakened ___44___ spring thunder and that the earth begins to come back to life. It is the key time for spring agricultural ___45___ (activity). It is also a good time for people to enjoy fun outdoors, especially for people living in the city. ___46___ (drive) to the suburbs, fishing in a lake or enjoying the singing bird will make for a perfect weekend in spring. The most popular fruit in this season is pears.
Eating pears around the Awakening of Insects ___47___ (be) a widely-practiced custom in China. As the weather gets ___48___ (warm) and the air becomes drier, people tend to feel their mouths and tongues are dry, ___49___ can cause colds or coughs. A pear is sweet, juicy and cold, moistening (湿润) the lungs to arrest a cough. ___50___, pears are highly recommended during the Awakening of Insects.
【答案】41. falls
42. third 43. its
44. by 45. activities
46. Driving
47. is 48. warmer
49. which 50. Therefore/Thus
【解析】
本文是一篇文化类短文阅读。文章主要介绍了我国农历传统节气惊蛰的习俗。
【41题详解】
考查时态。陈述客观事实，用一般一般现在时。句意：今年的惊蛰是在3月6日。故填falls。
【42题详解】
考查序数词。根据句意可知，这里表示“第三”，故用序数词。句意：作为农历的第三个节气。故填third。
【43题详解】
考查代词。修饰名词name，前用代词的所有格形式。句意：它的名字表明着冬眠的动物被春雷唤醒，大地上万物复苏。故填its。
【44题详解】
考查介词。介词by表示“被”。句意：它的名字表明着冬眠的动物被春雷唤醒，大地上万物复苏。故填by。
【45题详解】
考查名词数。名词activity为可数名词，故用复数形式。句意：这是春季农业活动的关键时刻。故填activities。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句中缺少主语，故用动名词作主语。句意：开车去郊区，在湖里钓鱼，或者欣赏鸟儿唱歌，这些都是春天完美的周末。故填Driving。
【47题详解】
考查主谓一致。动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。句意：在中国，惊蛰前后吃梨是一种很普遍的习俗。故填is。
【48题详解】
考查形容词比较级。根据and the air becomes drier提示可知，这里用形容词比较级形式。句意：随着天气变暖，天气比较干，人们很容易口干舌燥，容易因此患上感冒或咳嗽。故填warmer。
【49题详解】
考查定语从句。这里为非限定性定语从句，用which指代前面的事情。句意：随着天气变暖，天气比较干，人们很容易口干舌燥，容易因此患上感冒或咳嗽。故填which。
【50题详解】
考查副词。根据前后句之间的关系可知，这里为因果关系，根据逗号可知，这里用副词形式。句意：因此，在惊蛰时，强烈推荐吃梨。故填Therefore/Thus。
PAGE
1
专题05 短文改错
2019年高考短文改错
1.【2019·全国I】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident. One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly football fell just in front of me but almost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. To everyone`s surprising, the ball went into the net. All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. From now on, I started to play my football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.
【答案】interesting→interested
where→when
football前面加上a
but→and
hardly→hard
surprising→surprise
player→players
say→saying
now→then
去掉my
【解析】
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。由于一次偶然的经历，“我”喜欢上了踢足球，后来经过自己努力，我成了一名优秀球员。
1. interesting改为interested 考查形容词用法。“interest（使感兴趣；使关注）”的形容词有interesting（使人感兴趣的）常修饰物；与interested（表现出兴趣的）常修饰人。本句的意思为：多亏一个偶然的事件，我对踢足球产生了兴趣。主语是I，故将interesting改为interested。
2. where改为when考查定语从句。先行词one afternoon表示时间在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词使用when。故将where改为when。
3. 在football前加a。考查冠词。名词football为可数名词，前边需要有限定词。这里football第一次出现，故在football前加a。
4. but改为and 考查连词。句意：突然一个足球落在我前边并且差点打到我。“足球落下来”与“打到我”两个动作是顺承关系，不是转折关系。故将but改为and。
5. hardly改为hard 考查副词。hard（努力地；费力地）与hardly（几乎不；几乎没有）都为副词，但是词义不同。文中表示我挡住足球，并使劲地将它踢回操场，故将hardly改为hard。
6. surprising改为surprise考查固定搭配。“to one’s + 名词”意为“令某人……”，此处为to one’s surprise意为“让某人惊讶的是”。故将surprising改为surprise。
7. player改为players。考查名词的数。player（运动员）为可数名词，此时all（所有的）后需要用player的复数形式。故将player改为players。
8. say改为saying。考查非谓语动词。句中谓语动词为cheered，say在这里作伴随状语。与主语players是主动关系，故将say改为saying。
9. now改为then考查上下文逻辑。结合语境可知，文中指从那时开始，我放学后跟同学一起踢足球。表示“从那时起”需用from then on，故将now改为then。
10. 将my去掉 考查固定搭配。踢足球的英语表达“play football”，中间不能加冠词或者代词。故将my去掉。
2.【2019·全国II】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Since I was a kid, I`ve considered different job I would like to do. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly. Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much. When I studied chemistry high school, I reconsidered mg goal or decided to be a doctor. They were two reasons for the decision. One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor. And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.
【答案】job→jobs
coolly→cool
five→fifth
too→very/so
chemistry后面加上in/at
or→and
They→There
amazing→amazed
去掉more
is→was
【解析】
【要点综述】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了“我”随着年龄的变化对未来职业选择的变化。
71.【答案与解析】 job改为jobs 考查名词。本句中的different表示“不同的”，后面的名词job应该使用复数形式，故job改为jobs。
72.【答案与解析】 coolly改为cool考查形容词。looked是系动词，表示“看起来”，后面使用形容词作表语，故coolly改为cool。
73.【答案与解析】five改为fifth考查序数词。“在五年级”有两种表达方式。in the+序数词+grade，或者使用in Grade 5的形式。故five改为fifth。
74.【答案与解析】 too改为very/so考查副词。too much表示“太多”，而very/so much表示“非常”，故改为very或so。
75.【答案与解析】在high前面加at/in考查介词。在高中，短语为at/in high school。故在high前面加at/in。
76. 【答案与解析】 or改为and考查连词。本句中的reconsidered和decided这两个谓语动作是递进关系，故or改为and。
77.【答案与解析】They改为There考查副词。考查存在句，应该是there be句型，故将They改为There。
78.【答案与解析】amazing改为amazed考查非谓语动词。根据前面的主语I可知，后面应该使用amazed表示“感到惊奇”。
79.【答案与解析】去掉more考查形容词比较级。本句中better本身已经是比较级，前面只需要much来修饰，改变程度，more是多余的。故删除more。
80.【答案与解析】is改为was考查时态。综合分析全文，从开始的第一句话就知道作者描述自己过去的事情，因此将is改为was。
3.【2019·全国III】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe. Though it may appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts. What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one. I want my cafe have a special theme such as like "Tang Dynasty". In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment what is created for them. If I succeed in manage one, I will open more. I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city. Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.
[答案]
I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe. Though it may appear simple, it required
open requires
a lot of ideas and efforts. What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one. I want my cafe ^have a
ordinary to
special theme such as like "Tang Dynasty". In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment
themselves
what is created for them. If I succeed in manage one, I will open more. I wish to have a chain of cafes in many
that/ which managing
different city. Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.
cities a
【要点综述】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了“我”的梦想——要开一家别有韵味，与众不同的咖啡馆。
1. opens改为open考查非谓语动词。此处指我的梦想是开一家咖啡馆。句中需用不定式to do作表语。故将opens改为open。
2. required改为requires考查动词时态。句中需使用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故将required改为requires。
3. ordinarily改为ordinary考查形容词副词。修饰名词作前置定语，此处应用形容词表示“一家普通的咖啡馆”。故将ordinarily改为ordinary。
4. 在my cafe后加to 考查非谓语动词。根据短语want sb. to do sth 可知需加上 to，此处为不定式作宾补。故在my cafe后加to。
5. 去掉such as后的like考查固定短语。such as意为“比方说……”，用来列举，后面无需加上like。故将like去掉。
6. yourselves改为themselves 考查反身代词前后一致。此处指顾客们在这种氛围中会很开心，需用第三人称单数形式的反身代词，且为复数形式。故将yourselves改为themselves。
7. what改为that/which考查定语从句。分析可知先行词为environment，指物，定语从句中缺少主语，需用关系代词that或者which。故将what改为that或者which。
8.manage改为managing考查非谓语动词。in为介词，后接动词时需用动名词。故将manage改为managing。
9. city→cities考查名词的数。many修饰可数名词的复数。故将city改为cities。
10. 答案?an→a 考查冠词。unique为辅音音素发音的单词，用不定词时需用a。故将an改为a。
2019年名校经典模拟题
1.【东北三省四市2019届高三二模联考】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The idea of living on the moon is no long science fiction. However, there will be drawbacks to live there as well as advantage.
On the positive side, people will be able to escape from the crowding cities, but will have clear views of the earth and stars.
On the other hand, the moon is a unfriendly place for humans. First of all, people will have to wear special suits and if their equipment fails, it will probably die. Secondly, they will have to get used to be weightless. Finally, they’ll probably miss the plants and wildlife that exists on the earth.
In all, the moon might be an ideal place where humans take over a holiday or scientists carry out researches, but not a place for ordinary people to live all the time.
【答案】
【解析】
【详解】这是一篇议论文。短文阐述了在月球上生活有优点也有缺点。
第一处：考查固定短语。句意：在月球上生活的想法不再是科幻小说了。no longer “不在”为固定短语。故long改成longer。
第二处：考查名词复数。句意：然而，生活在那里有优点也有缺点。advantage为可数名词，其前无任何限定成分，所以应用advantages。故advantage改成advantages。
第三处：考查形容词。句意：从积极的方面来说，人们可以逃离拥挤的城市，并能清楚地看到地球和星星。crowded为形容词修饰名词cities。故crowding改成crowded。
第四处：考查连词。句意：从积极的方面来说，人们可以逃离拥挤的城市，并能清楚地看到地球和星星。分析句子可知，前后语意为并列关系，所以连词为and。故but 改成and。
第五处：考查冠词。句意：另一方面，月球是一个不利于人类居住的地方。 unfriendly 首字母的发音为元音因素，所以用不定冠词an来修饰。故a改成an。
第六处：考查代词。句意：首先，人们将不得不穿上特殊的套装，如果他们的设备出了问题，他们很可能会死亡。分析句意可知，这里说明的是如果人类的设备出了问题，人类很可能会死亡，所以人称代词为they。故it改成they。
第七处：考查动名词。句意：第二，他们必须习惯失重。get/be used to doing sth“习惯做某事”为固定短语。故be改成being。
第八处：考查主谓一致。句意：最后，他们可能会想念地球上存在的植物和野生动物。分析句子可知，the plants and wildlife为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作exist的主语，且定语从句为一般现在时，所以谓语动词用复数形式。故exists改成exist。
第九处：考查删除多余词。句意：总而言之，月球可能是人类度假或科学家进行研究的理想场所，但不是普通人生活的地方。take a holiday “度假”为固定短语。故去掉over。
第十处：考查增加词。句意：总之，月球可能是人类度假或科学家进行研究的理想场所，但不是普通人生活的地方。分析句子可知，动词不定式作后置定语，当不定式的动词是不及物动词，和所修饰名词搭配的介词不能省略。on the moon“在月球上”。故live后加on。
2.【河北省保定市2019届高三下学期第二次模拟】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Jerry,
Glad to learn that you had interest in Chinese food. Here I’d like to tell you something about them. There is a wide variety of food in China. For example, Shanghai food, a little bit sweet, differ from Sichuan food which is rather hot. However, every kind of Chinese food is worth try because each has rich and balance nutrition. Different Chinese restaurants usual serve different dishes. I guess the Cantonese cuisine (粤菜), it is a bit light, may suit you. I hope you can come China and experience the Chinese food culture.
Li Hua
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国菜的一些有关事宜。
【详解】1.考查时态。句意：很高兴得知你对中国菜感兴趣。结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态，故把had改成have。
2.考查人称代词。句意：在这里我想告诉你一些关于它的事情。此处用it代替Chinese food。故把them改成it。
3. 考查名词复数。句意：在中国有各种各样的食物。food表示某种可吃的食物时为可数名词，此处指“各种各样的食物”，所以用名词复数，故把food改成foods。
4.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：上海菜有点甜，和比较辣的四川菜不一样。此处指一种客观事实，句子用一般现在时态，且主语是Shanghai food，单数第三人称，故把differ改成differs。
5.考查固定搭配。固定搭配：be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”。故把try改成trying。
6.考查词形转换。此处nutrition“营养”，是名词，由形容词来修饰，故把balance改成balanced。
7.考查词形转换。此处serve“服务”是动词，由副词来修饰，故把usual改成usually。
8.考查定冠词the的用法。此处Cantonese cuisine (粤菜)前面不用冠词，故把the去掉。
9.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我想清淡一点的粤菜可能适合你。此处Cantonese cuisine是先行词，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故把it改成which。
10.考查介词。句意：我希望你能来中国，体验中国的饮食文化。介词“to”表示方向，“朝着---”，故在come后面加to。
3.【2019年淮北?宿州高三第二次模拟】短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除和修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
Dear Tom，
How is it going? Knowing that you are interesting in Chinese calligraphy, I’m writing to tell you it’s my pleasure to help you learn them.
As I have been practicing it for many years, I have much valuable experience and know exact what you need for calligraphy. So I will prepare some tool that are of great use for you, like the writing brush, ink and paper, that are necessary for practicing calligraphy. As you know, I had piano lessons from Monday to Sunday. I will be free on Sunday afternoon. Thus, you can come to my home at 2:00p.m. on every Sunday if it is convenient for you.
I’ m sure that by learn Chinese calligraphy, you will have a good understanding of Chinese culture than ever before. I’m looking forward your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇书信。汤姆对中国书法很感兴趣，李华写信告诉他，希望能帮助他学习书法。
【详解】第一处：考查短语。短语be interested in对……感兴趣。句意：得知你对中国书法很感兴趣。故将interesting改为interested。
第二处：考查代词。代指单数名词Chinese calligraphy，用代词it代指。句意：我写信告诉你我很高兴能帮助你学习书法。故将them改为it。
第三处：考查副词。修饰动词know，用副词形式。句意：因为我练习书法很多年了，所以我有很多宝贵的经验，也很清楚你需要什么样的书法。故将exact改为exactly。
第四处：考查名词数。名词tool为可数名词，根据前面 some修饰可知，用复数形式。句意：所以我会准备一些对你很有用的工具。故将tool改为tools。
第五处：考查定语从句。非限定性定语从句，只能用关系代词which引导。句意：所以我会准备一些对你有用的工具，比如毛笔，墨水和纸，这是练习书法所必需的。故将that改为which。
第六处：考查时态。根据时间状语from Monday to Sunday可知用一般现在时。句意：如你所知，我从星期一到星期天上钢琴课。故将had改为have。
第七处：考查介词。由every, each等表示频率的副词构成的短语用做时间状语时，其前不用介词。句意：因此，你可以在下午2点来我家。故去掉on。
第八处：考查非谓语动词。介词by后接v-ing形式。句意：我相信通过学习中国书法，你会比以往任何时候都更好的了解中国文化。故将learn改为learning。
第九处：考查形容词比较级。根据句意可知，这里用比较级形式，表示“更好的了解”句意：我相信通过学习中国书法，你会比以往任何时候都更好的了解中国文化。故将good改为better。
第十处：考查短语。短语look forward to期望。句意：期待您的回复。故在forward后加to。
4.【安徽省蚌埠市2019届高三第三次教学质量检查】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意；1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last summer I stayed at a holiday camp with some classmate. We wanted to go down the mountain near our camp. But our guide Pete didn’t allow me to go because of the bad weather. At first we were really disappointing. Then we decided to go without him anyway. Two hours later we reached the top of a mountain. Although tired, but we were happy. Suddenly it rained heavy and we lost our way. Luckily I had my mobile phone on me. I phone Pete. He told us to stay what we were. Finally he found us. We said sorry him and thanked him.
【答案】1. classmate→classmates
2. down→up
3. me→us
4. disappointing→disappointed
5. a→the
6. but去掉
7. heavy→heavily
8. phone→phoned
9. what→where
10. sorry后边加to
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了去年夏天野营时，作者和他的伙伴们不听导游话，私自爬到山顶，被雨困住，又不得不给导游打电话求助的故事。
【详解】1. 考查名词的数。“some”可以修饰不可数名词或可数名词的复数形式，classmate（同学）是可数名词。故把classmate改为classmates。
2. 考查动词短语。由文章第六句“Two hours later, we reached the top of a mountain.”可知，他们后来到达了山顶。所以他们是想爬上山，而不是下山。故把down改为up。
3. 考查代词。句意：但是我们的导游不允许我们去，因为天气不好。故把me改为us。
4. 考查形容词。句意：开始的时候我们真的很失望。主语是我们（指人），我们感到失望，而不是我们让人失望，所以形容词要用过去分词形式。故把disappointing改为disappointed。
5. 考查定冠词。文章第二句提到过一次mountain，这句话里的mountain与前边所说的山是同一座山。故把a改为the。
6. 考查连词。Although与but不能连用，只能选其一。文章中将although与but连用，导致句子没有了主句。故将but去掉。
7. 考查副词。句意：突然雨下得很大，我们迷路了。句子中的heavy位于rained之后，修饰动词，而动词需要用副词来修饰。故把heavy改为heavily。
8. 考查一般过去时。本文是在讲述去年夏天的事情，全文使用的都是一般过去时。所以本句也需要使用一般过去时。故把phone改为phoned。
9. 考查状语从句连词。句意：他告诉我们呆在我们所在的地方。“…的地方”用连词where。故把what改为where。
10. 考查介词。“对某人说什么”使用词组“say sth to sb.”，介词to引出说话的对象。故在sorry后边加to。
5.【山东省日照市2019届高三5月校际联合考试】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I would like to have a smart robot that can do plenty of the things for me. For example, it can clean my room and make the bed, keeps everything in order. I hope it will be programmed to do homeworks without making mistakes. In that way, I can turn to it wherever I need help with my study. Beside, it can take care of my little brother, who often bothered me much. Then I can have more free time to do what I’m fond. It doesn’t matter much whether it is shaped like, but it must be able to communicate with me and understand its feelings. How wonderfully life will become with such a magic robot!
【答案】去掉the things中的the
keeps→keeping
homeworks→homework
wherever→whenever
Besides→Beside
bothered→bothers
fond后面加上of
whether→what
its→my
wonderfully→wonderful
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者希望有一个智能机器人帮助自己做很多事情。有了这样一个神奇的机器人，生活会变得多么美好啊!
【详解】1.考查冠词。plenty of后面跟名词复数，表示泛指，故把the去掉。
2.考查现在分词作结果状语。句意：它可以打扫我的房间，整理床铺，让一切都井井有条。此处是现在分词作结果状语，故把keeps→keeping。
3.考查不可数名词。此处homework是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故把homeworks→homework。
4.考查时间状语从句。句意：这样，我就可以在我学习需要帮助的时候求助于它。此处是whenever引导的时间状语从句，故把wherever→whenever。
5.考查副词。句意：此外，它可以照顾我的弟弟，他经常困扰我很多。结合句意，故把Besides→Beside。
6.考查时态。句意：此外，它可以照顾我的弟弟，他经常困扰我很多。结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态，故把bothered→bothers。
7.考查词组。句意：然后我可以有更多的自由时间做我喜欢的事情。固定词组：be fond of“喜爱”。故在fond后面加上of。
8.考查主语从句。句意：它的形状并不重要。此处it做形式主语，what引导的主语从句做真正的主语，且what在主语从句中即起引导作用同时又做介词like的宾语。故把whether→what。
9.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：它的形状并不重要，但它必须能够与我沟通，理解我的感受。故把its→my。
10.考查词形转换。句意：有了这样一个神奇的机器人，生活会变得多么美好啊!连系动词become后面用形容词作表语，故把wonderfully→wonderful。
6.【河南省安阳市2019届高三毕业班第二次模拟】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
It was a math test, for which I have prepared for a long time. So much importance I attach to it that I even felt a little nervous before a test. My heart began to beat wild immediately I took my seat in the classrooms. Looking at the test paper, our mind went blank. I attempted to focus my attention and it was impossible. So I closed my eyes and took a deep breath, try to calm down. It worked. Gradually I recovered from my calmness. Feeling more relaxing, I picked up my pen and began to write.
【答案】1.have→had
2.I前添加did
3.a→the或that
4.wild→wildly
5.classrooms→classroom
6.our→my
7.and→but
8.try→trying
9.去掉from
10.relaxing→relaxed
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者参加一次准备了很久了数学测试，作者非常重视这次考试以致于在考场中大脑突然一片空白。最终通过自我调节恢复了冷静放松的故事。
【详解】1.考查动词时态。句意：这是一场我为它准备了很长时间的数学考试。根据句意可知，prepare动作发生在数学考试之前，即“过去的过去”，故应用过去完成时，have改为had。
2.考查倒装句。在so…that/such…that句型中so，such 位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。故在I前添加助动词did。
3.考查冠词。句意：我如此重视它，以至于在考试前我甚至感到有点紧张。此处特指上文提到的a math test故应用定冠词the或者指示代词that。
4.考查副词。beat为动词，需要副词修饰，故wild改为wildly。
5.考查名词的数。句意：我一在教室里坐下，我的心就狂跳起来。此处“教室”只有一间，故应用单数形式，classrooms改为classroom。
6.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：看着试卷，我的脑子一片空白。根据前后文，此处指代作者一个人，故our改为my。
7.考查连词。句意：我试图集中注意力，但这是不可能的。根据句意前后为转折关系，故and改为but。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：于是我闭上眼睛，深深地吸了一口气，试图平静下来。try在本句中做非谓语与逻辑主语构成主谓关系，故try改为trying。
9.考查介词。recover为及物动词，可以直接跟宾语，故后面不需要介词，故去掉from。
10.考查形容词。句意：我感到放松一些了，便拿起笔开始写。修饰主语I，指人，应用-ed结尾形容词，故relaxing改为relaxed。
7.【湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2019届高三下学期一模】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last year, when I was trying to decide if to study overseas,I talked to my friend. This was the better thing I could have done. This was a big decision for me because I had ever been overseas on my own and I was not sure if I could do it. She had studied overseas previous year. She told me about the challenges and opportunity I might come across and help me make the right decision. I went and it was amazed.
Whenever I face with an important decision, I seek advice from another. In this way, I am well-informed but have the benefit of their ideas and experiences.
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者出国留学时和朋友交谈。作者每当面临一个重要的决定时都会向他人寻求建议。通过这种方式，作者很有见地，并受益于他们的想法和经验。
【详解】1.考查连接词。句意：去年，当我在决定是否出国留学时，我和我的朋友交谈。固定搭配：whether to do sth.“是否做某事”，故把if改成whether。
2.考查最高级。句意：这是我能做的最好的事情。根据the再结合句意，可知句子用最高级，故把better改成best。
3.考查副词。句意：这对我来说是一个重大的决定，因为我从来没有独自出国过，我不确定我是否能做到。结合句意可知把ever改成never。
4.考查定冠词the。句意：她前一年出国留学过。此处表示特指，故在year前加the。
5.考查名词复数。句意：她告诉我可能遇到的挑战和机会，帮助我做出正确的决定。根据challenges可知opportunity与之构成并列关系，用名词复数，故把opportunity改成opportunities。
6.考查并列谓语。句意：她告诉我可能遇到的挑战和机会，帮助我做出正确的决定。此处help与told构成并列关系，是表示并列的谓语动词，故把help改成helped。
7.考查情感形容词。句意：我去了并感觉棒极了。amazing“令人惊讶的”，结合句意可知把amazed改成amazing。
8.考查及物动词。句意：每当我面临一个重要的决定时，我都会向他人寻求建议。结合句意可知此处face“面对”，是及物动词，后面直接跟宾语，故把face后面的with去掉。
9.考查不定代词。句意：每当我面临一个重要的决定时，我都会向他人寻求建议。another“另一个”；others“其他人”。结合句意可知把another改成others。
10.考查并列连词。句意：通过这种方式，我很有见地，并受益于他们的想法和经验。此处是并列的递进关系，故把but改成and。
8.【河南省安阳市2019届高三毕业班第二次模拟】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
It was a math test, for which I have prepared for a long time. So much importance I attach to it that I even felt a little nervous before a test. My heart began to beat wild immediately I took my seat in the classrooms. Looking at the test paper, our mind went blank. I attempted to focus my attention and it was impossible. So I closed my eyes and took a deep breath, try to calm down. It worked. Gradually I recovered from my calmness. Feeling more relaxing, I picked up my pen and began to write.
【答案】1.have→had
2.I前添加did
3.a→the或that
4.wild→wildly
5.classrooms→classroom
6.our→my
7.and→but
8.try→trying
9.去掉from
10.relaxing→relaxed
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者参加一次准备了很久了数学测试，作者非常重视这次考试以致于在考场中大脑突然一片空白。最终通过自我调节恢复了冷静放松的故事。
【详解】1.考查动词时态。句意：这是一场我为它准备了很长时间的数学考试。根据句意可知，prepare动作发生在数学考试之前，即“过去的过去”，故应用过去完成时，have改为had。
2.考查倒装句。在so…that/such…that句型中so，such 位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。故在I前添加助动词did。
3.考查冠词。句意：我如此重视它，以至于在考试前我甚至感到有点紧张。此处特指上文提到的a math test故应用定冠词the或者指示代词that。
4.考查副词。beat为动词，需要副词修饰，故wild改为wildly。
5.考查名词的数。句意：我一在教室里坐下，我的心就狂跳起来。此处“教室”只有一间，故应用单数形式，classrooms改为classroom。
6.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：看着试卷，我的脑子一片空白。根据前后文，此处指代作者一个人，故our改为my。
7.考查连词。句意：我试图集中注意力，但这是不可能的。根据句意前后为转折关系，故and改为but。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：于是我闭上眼睛，深深地吸了一口气，试图平静下来。try在本句中做非谓语与逻辑主语构成主谓关系，故try改为trying。
9.考查介词。recover为及物动词，可以直接跟宾语，故后面不需要介词，故去掉from。
10.考查形容词。句意：我感到放松一些了，便拿起笔开始写。修饰主语I，指人，应用-ed结尾形容词，故relaxing改为relaxed。
9.【安徽省黄山市2019届高三第三次质量检测】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Today we had the honor of inviting Professor Hudson, a foreign teacher from Beijing University, to give us an English lesson. All of us were deeply impressed on this unforgettable English lesson. The professor began the class with an amazing English story, that attracted our attentions at once. He spoke slowly and clearly so that we could follow her well. Greatly inspiring, most of us took an active part in classroom activities. After class, many students being interviewed spoke high of him. They said that never they experienced such interesting a class. From his lesson, we came to the conclusion what it is not so difficult to learn English if we find a good way.
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。来自北京大学的一位外国的老师Professor Hudson给我们学生讲了一堂难忘的英语课。我们得出的结论是，如果我们找到一个好方法，学习英语并不难。
【详解】1.考查介词。句意：这节难忘的英语课给我们留下了深刻的印象。此处是被动语态，应该是“被------”，故把on改成by。
2.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：教授开始讲课时讲了一个精彩的英语故事，立刻引起了我们的注意。此处story是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作主语，且that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故把that改成which。
3.考查不可数名词。此处attention“关注”，是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故把attentions改成attention。
4.考查人称代词宾格。句意：他说得又慢又清楚，以便我们能听懂他的话。根据上文可知是“男性”，故把her改成him。
5.考查过去分词。句意：深受鼓舞，我们大多数人都积极参加课堂活动。此处句子主语most of us和inspire之间是被动关系，是过去分词作原因状语，故把inspiring改成inspired。
6.考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：课后，许多接受采访的学生对他评价很高。此处students 和 interview之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语，故把being去掉。
7.考查词形转换。句意：句意：课后，许多接受采访的学生对他评价很高。固定搭配：speak highly of“高度评价”。故把high改成highly。
8.考查部分倒装。句意：他们说他们从未经历过如此有趣的一节课。结合句意可知宾语从句用过去完成时态，且否定词never位于宾语从句的开头，所以句子用部分倒装，故在never后面加had。
9.考查so和such的区分。句意：他们说他们从未经历过如此有趣的一节课。such修饰的中心词是名词，而so修饰的中心词是形容词或副词，故把such改成so。
10.考查同位语从句。句意：我们得出的结论是，如果我们找到一个好方法，学习英语并不难。此处that引导的同位语从句说明名词conclusion的具体内容，故把what改成that。
10.【广东省六校2019届高三第四次联考】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。
Last summer, I was invited to a Chinese summer camp. I had a great time there because I made many friends with other countries. The camp covered a variety of programs, ranged from learning daily Chinese to Chinese history and traditional culture. In a party, we take turns to make a self-introduction in the English. However, I was so shy to speak before other people. I stood there for five minute without saying anything, which made me feel very embarrassing. When I finally opened my mouth, someone couldn’t help laughing at my poorly English. I couldn’t feel anything except my face was burning. It was then that we decided to practise spoken English.
【答案】1.with→from
2.ranged→ranging
3.take→took
4.删掉 the
5.so→too
6.minute→ minutes
7.embarrassing→embarrassed
8.poorly→poor
9.except 后加 that
10.we→I
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者在一次夏令营活动中，因为自己糟糕的英语口语被大家嘲笑，最后决定练习英语口语的故事。
【详解】1.考查介词。句意：我在那里玩得很开心，因为我交了很多来自其他国家的朋友。表示“来自其他国家”应用介词from，故with改为from。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：夏令营涵盖了从日常汉语到中国历史和传统文化的各种节目。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故range只能做非谓语与逻辑主语camp构成主谓关系，故用现在分词，故ranged改为ranging。
3.考查动词时态。句意：在一次聚会上，我们轮流用英语做自我介绍。故事发生在last summer，故应用一般过去时，将take改为took。
4.考查冠词。短语in English“用英语”中间不需要冠词，故去掉the。
5.考查固定句型。句意：然而，我太害羞了，不敢在别人面前讲话。句型too…to…“太……以致于不能……”，故将so改为too。
6.考查名词的数。minute为可数名词，由five修饰应用复数形式，故minute改为minutes。
7.考查形容词。句意：我在那里站了五分钟什么也没说，这让我感到很尴尬。本句修饰的主语是人，故应用-ed结尾的形容词，故将embarrassing改为embarrassed。
8.考查形容词。句意：当我终于开口说话的时候，有人忍不住嘲笑我糟糕的英语。English为名词，“英语”应用形容词修饰，故poorly改为poor。
9.考查固定用法。句意：除了脸在发烧，我什么也感觉不到。except后跟名词、代词,也可接副词,介词短语,但是不接句子。except that后跟从句，故except后添加that。
10.考查人称代词。句意:就是在那时，我决定练习英语口语。根据上下文可知主语为第一人称单数，故将we改为I。
11.【宁夏银川一中2019届高三第二次模拟】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号() 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Tom,
How are you getting along? I don’t think this is a good idea to travel a lot and visit as many place as possible. Last July Bell paid a visit on Europe. Europe was very beautiful, but his holiday wasn’t very nicely. He visited several countries, and was in each of the countries for only three days. He visited a good many places of interest, but was always in hurry. Though he returned from Europe, he was very tired. So I suggest that you spent your holiday in a different way. We had better travel with a friend to one country and to visit only one city at a time. You’ll be able to have a good time.
Yours sincerely,
John
【答案】place→places
this→it
on→to
was→is
nicely→nice
in后面加上a
Though→When/As/After
spent→spend
We→You
去掉to
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一封信的格式，在信中作者提到了自己的建议：去旅行时，不要一次去很多地方，要一次去一个国家旅行，或者只去一个城市。这样会玩的很开心，又不觉得很累。
【详解】第一处：考查名词。句意：我认为做太多旅行和参观尽可能多的地方这不是一个好主意。many许多，后跟可数名词的复数形式，故答案为：place→places.
第二处：考查代词。句意：我认为做太多旅行和参观尽可能多的地方这不是一个好主意。这里是句式：It is +形容词或名词+痛 do 做某事是怎样的。It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。故答案为：this→it.
第三处：考查介词。句意：上个七月Bell去欧洲参观。短语pay a visit to+某地“去某地参观”。故答案为：on→to.
第四处：考查动词时态。句意：欧洲很漂亮，但是他的假期过得不太好。这里叙述的是欧洲现在也很漂亮，所以应该用一般现在时，句子的主语是第三人称单数，所以用is故答案为：was→is.
第五处：考查形容词。句意：欧洲很漂亮，但是他的假期过得不太好。wasn’t后应该用形容词，very副词，来修饰形容词nice，nice是形容词“好的”，nicely是副词。故答案为：nicely→nice.
第六处：考查冠词。句意：他参观了许多名胜古迹，但总是匆匆忙忙。短语in a hurry匆忙。故答案为：in后面加上a.
第七处：考查连词。句意：当他从欧洲回来，他很累。Though尽管；累发生在回来后，或者在回来的时候。When/As当……时候/After在……之后。故答案为：Though→When/As/After.
第八处：考查动词。句意：所以我建议你用一种不同的方式度过你的假期。suggest当“建议”时，后面的宾语从句的谓语动词用should+动词原形，或省略should。故答案为：spent→spend.
第九处：考查代词。句意：你最好和朋友一起去一个国家旅行，一次只去一个城市。你会玩得很开心的。根据前一句So I suggest that you spent your holiday in a different way.向你提建议，所以后句的主语应该是you。故答案为：We→You.
第十处： 考查固定搭配。句意：你最好和朋友一起去一个国家旅行，一次只去一个城市。你会玩得很开心的。had better+动词原形，这里的visit与前面的travel是并列的，所以必须去掉to，故答案为：去掉to.
12.【河北省唐山市2019届高三第二次模拟】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The world seems to be facing two problem. One is that too many people are dangerous over-weighted. This type of problem called obesity(肥胖症). Obesity is when a person have more than 25-30 percent of body fat. The other problem is a illness called anorexia(厌食症). This is when people are dangerously thin; we are less than 85% of their normal body weight. All of these problems are very serious because of the body cannot work properly when it is too fat or too thin. The heart, liver, kidneys and lungs will not be able to keep the body health.
People can die from illnesses causing by being too fat or too thin.
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇健康类短文阅读。文章主要介绍了太胖或太瘦都容易引起健康方面的问题。
【详解】第一处：考查名词数。名词problem为可数名词，根据前面的数词two修饰可知，用复数形式。句意：世界似乎面临两个问题。故将problem改为problems。
第二处：考查副词。修饰形容词over-weighted，前用副词形式。句意：其中一个原因是，有太多的人体重超标，这是非常危险的。故将dangerous改为dangerously。
第三处：考查语态。句中主语problem与call之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。句意：这类问题被称为肥胖症。故在called前加is。
第四处：考查主谓一致。定语从句中先行词为person，为单数名词，故定语从句中谓语动词用单数形式。句意：肥胖是指一个人体内脂肪含量超过25% - 30%。故将have改为has。
第五处：考查冠词。名词illness是以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。句意：另一个问题是一种称为厌食症的疾病。
第六处：考查代词。这里指代前句中的people，故用代词they。句意：他们的体重还不到正常体重的85%。故将we改为they。
第七处：考查代词。根据上文可知，文中提及是两种问题，故用both。句意：这两个问题都是非常严重的。故将All改为Both。
第八处：考查连词。因为the body cannot work properly尾句子，所以用连词because；而because of后接名词或短语。句意：因为当身体太胖或太瘦时，就不能正常工作。故将of去掉。
第九处：考查形容词。这里考查keep + 宾语 + 形容词。句意：心脏、肝脏、肾脏和肺将无法保持身体健康。故将health改为healthy。
第十处：考查非谓语动词。名词illness与cause之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。句意：人们可能死于由太胖或太瘦引起的疾病。故将causing改为caused。
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专题06 书面表达
2019年高考书面表达
1.【2019·全国I】假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要剧版中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括:
1.写信目的:
2.个人优势:
3.能做的事情。
注意:
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.结束语已为你写好。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I'm Li Hua, an outgoing boy, who is studying in London. I am writing to apply to be a volunteer of your team, having heard that a Chinese Painting Exhibition will be held in this local city. I have some advantages for the job.
First of all, having lived in China for sixteen years and having learnt English since I was a child , I have a good command of English and Chinese, which is beneficial for introducing Chinese paintings. Besides, having a good knowledge of Chinese paintings because of my familiarity with Chinese painting culture, I can get foreigners and the locals to know more about it. Last but not least，through my introduction and efforts, I believe, I can strengthen the friendship between China and England. I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。
【详解】1.审题立意
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写申请信，人称使用第一人称和第二人称，时态用一般现在式。
2.谋篇布局
书信格式，称呼和落款文中已经给出。首段，写信的目的，中间段写个人优势和能做的事，最后一段总结。
3.关键词
根据写作要点及构思好的提纲我们可以初步确定文章可能使用到的词汇有：volunteer，a Chinese Painting Exhibition，local city，advantages，a good command of，beneficial for，familiarity with，appreciate ，take my application into consideration。通过词汇铺垫，我们就很容易地行文了，文章写完之后要检查文中是否存在拼写或语法错误，并增加一些细节和过渡性的词汇，如First of all, Besides, to begin with，moreover，as for me，Last but not least，等，使全文衔接自然，语义流畅。
【点睛】本文首段开门见山，表达了写信的目的；第2段详细介绍了个人的优势和能做的事情，an outgoing boy, who is studying in London.此处使用了同位语和非限制性定语从句。having heard that a Chinese Painting Exhibition will be held in this local city.使用了分词做状语和宾语从句及被动语态。having lived in China for sixteen years and having learnt English since I was a child, I have a good command of English and Chinese, which is beneficial for introducing Chinese paintings.使用了分词和非限制性定语从句。另外First of all, Besides, Last but not least的使用使文章富有条理性。此外，还使用了高级句式结构，如I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration条件状语从句。
【思路点拨】 无论是在学校还是今后读大学再到走上工作岗位，写好一份申请都是你必不可少的一项技能。这种形式的写作，学生需结合自身优势，
考生成文时应注意：1. 要点要齐全：(1)提出写信的目的——申请做这个志愿者；(2)提出个人优势；(3)表达出自己能做的事情；2. 时态：以一般现在时为主；3. 人称：第二人称为主；4. 注意恰当使用一些连词，使文章自然、流畅；5. 适当使用一些高级句型和词汇以提高作文档次。
【参考范文】
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am Li Hua, a 17-year-old teenager studying in London. Learning that a volunteer is needed for an exhibition of Chinese traditional painting , I am writing to apply for it.
I have some advantages for the job. First of all, having lived in China for years and learnt English since I was a child , I have a good command of both English and Chinese, which is beneficial when introducing Chinese paintings to foreign friends. Besides, because of my familiarity with Chinese painting culture, I can get foreigners and the locals to know more about it. Last but not least, through my efforts, I believe, I can strengthen the friendship between China and England.
I would appreciate it if this wonderful chance would be offered to me. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
2.【2019·全国II】假定你是校排球队队长李华。请写封邮件告知你的队友Chris球队近期将参加比赛，内容包括:
1.比赛信息；
2.赛前准备；
3.表达期待。
注意:
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【思路点拨】本文要求给你的队友Chris写一封邮件，告知他关于近期参加排球比赛的情况。邮件的主要内容包括：1. 比赛信息；2. 赛前准备；3. 表达期待。
1.考生在写作的时候，要注意：由于书面表达开放性很强，只为考生提供了一个笼统的写作提纲，因此首先，要在邮件的开始点明排球比赛的具体信息，可以自己增加一些内容等。其次，写明比赛的赛前准备等。另外，在邮件中最后表达自己的期望等。
2.时态：以一般将来时为主；3. 人称：第一人称；4. 注意恰当使用一些连词，使文章自然、流畅。5. 适当使用一些高级句型和词汇以提高作文档次。
同时要灵活运用英语知识，采用不同的表达方式将各要点完整地表述出来，注意主次分明，详略得当。语言力求准确、简洁。
【参考范文】
Dear Chris,
I’m writing to let you know that we will have a volleyball match next month. The match will take place in our school gym on the morning of July 8th. We will play against a team from ChaoYang High school. For good performance in the match, we must get fully prepared and practice hard. So starting morning, we all need to train for two hours after school every day. In addition, we should avoid getting hurt during the training and have a healthy diet to keep fit.
You’re an excellent player. With you on the team, we have every hope of beating another team. Let’s try hard together.
Sincerely,
Li Hua
3.【2019·全国III】假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加，内容包括:
1.时间；
2.活动安排；
3.欢迎他表演节目。
注意:
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【思路点拨】
随着网络的发展，写电子邮件是中学生经常与朋友沟通的一种方式，这种形式的写作贴近学生生活，使他们感到熟悉。
考生成文时应注意：1. 要点要齐全：(1)音乐节的时间(2)活动的安排(3)欢迎朋友表演一个节目 2. 时态：以一般将来时和一般现在时为主；3. 人称：第二人称为主；4. 注意恰当使用一些连词，使文章自然、流畅；5. 适当使用一些高级句型和词汇以提高作文档次。
【参考范文】
Dear Alien,
I am writing to invite you to attend the Music Festival to be held from 8：00 a. m .to 5：00 p.m. next Sunday in my school.
In order to enrich our after-class life, our school is to organize this festival, which is intended to promote Chinese traditional folk music as well as enjoy foreign ones . Not only will you appreciate wonderful folk music items like performances of Erhu and Guzheng, but also you can give a performance to us in person . I hope you can play the piano or sing an English song for us.
Looking forward to your coming. I promise it will be a feast for your eyes and ears.
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely，
Li hua
4.【2019·浙江】假定你是李华，经常帮助你学习英语的朋友Alex即将返回自己的国家。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括:
1.表示感谢；
2.回顾Alex对你的帮助；
3.临别祝愿。
注意:
1.词数80左右；
2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【思路点拨】本文是邮件，主题是感谢信，根据写作提示，考生应用英语给Alex写一封邮件，感谢他的帮助。写作内容主要包括三项：1．表达感谢；2．回顾Alex的帮助；3．临别祝愿。这封邮件由三段组成：第一段陈述写信的目的；第二段陈述写信的理由；最后一段为结束语。
【参考范文】
Dear Alex,
Hearing that you will return to your country soon, I feel a bit upset. But meanwhile, I want to send my sincere gratitude for your kind help with my English learning.
I still remember what you have devoted to improve my oral English and English writing. Besides, you also frankly shared your learning experience with me. Additionally, without your help, I would not have been a top student in English and would not have won the English Speech Contest. All in all, words fail to express my thankfulness to you.
I do hope that you will have a bright future and that our friendship will last forever!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
67.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids, says, "We've gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict." By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think they're building their children's confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. Too much praise can backfire and, when given in a way that's insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parents' praise has put them.
Still, don't go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging gas giving too much. Kids will feel like they're not good enough or that you don't care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.
So what is the right amount of praise? Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward." We should especially recognize our children's efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal, "says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters. "One thing to remember is that it's the process not the end product that matters."
Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if he's out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report. But whatever it is, praise should be given on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate(相称的)to the amount of effort your child has put into it.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【思路点拨】作为概要写作，要注意每段归纳主题句和关键词，然后通过词汇替换，句式转变等多种方式，改写要点，要注意一定要用自己的语言，不可以完全照搬照抄。然后，添加衔接词，使得逻辑上要点之间能够通顺、流畅。最后要注意单词拼写不要出现错误，大小写和标点符号也是关键，还要注意字数的控制，不要少于40字或多于80字。
【参考范文】
Nowadays, parents tend to offer considerate praise to their children, hoping to boost their confidence, but it may produce the opposite effect.（要点1） However, no praise from parents also does harm to their self-confidence. （要点2） Therefore, experts?claim that sincere praise should be given for the process not for the result. Meanwhile, kids do deserve praise if they strive to do their duty. （要点3） Anyway, the amount of praise you have depends on how hard they work. （要点4）
5.【2019·北京】书面表达(共两节，35分)
第一节 (15分)
51.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim打算暑假期间来北京、天津和上海旅游，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括:
1.交通出行；
2.必备衣物。
注意:
1.词数不少于50；
2.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim，
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【思路点拨】考生成文时应注意：1. 要体现交际感，重视对来信内容的回答。2. 思路清晰，要点要齐全：首段表示欢迎，第二段介绍城市的交通出行和必备衣物等要点，结尾表达期待。3. 注意恰当使用一些连词，使文章自然、流畅。
【参考范文】
Dear Jim，
How is everything going? I’m so happy to hear that you will come in China for travel in summer vacation. First I would like to express my warmest welcome to you and I am sure you will have the most unforgettable journey during in China.
Now I’ll offer you some travel tips, which, I hope, can solve your problems. As the popular tourist cities, Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai have extremely convenient transportation. The subway systems can take you everywhere in the city.?If you want a deep experience in the cities, shared bikes would be the best choice.?As for city-to-city tour, the high-speed trains are highly recommended because they have been the most convenient way in recent years.?As for clothes preparation, hats, sun glasses and sun-proof clothing would be necessary, considering you will come to China during the summer. Also, pack a pair of comfortable shoes in case of the city walk. I hope these suggestions above will be of some help toy you.?
I am looking forward to hearing from you. If you have further questions, please feel free to let me know.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(20分)
52.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们班上周组织了一次以“劳动最光荣”为主题社会实践活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程。
注意:词数不少于60。
提示词:西瓜watermelon
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【思路点拨】该情景作文的主题是“劳动最光荣”，四幅图的要点：老师在黑板上写下活动主题“劳动最光荣”；“打包行李出发去乡下”；“在乡下摘西瓜”；“和家长吃饭，回忆一天的劳动旅程”。在行文时应该注意思路清晰，条理清楚，文章最后应该升华主题。
【参考范文】
Last week, we held the class meeting and our teacher informed us of the news that an activity themed "Glory of Labor" would be held. When On hearing that, we were extremely excited and couldn't resist the desire to be involved in it. We regarded it as a wonderful opportunity to experience the real life. Then I returned home to prepare the luggage. I packed my necessities into it which included some clothes, towels and the water glass. I couldn’t wait to experience the activity. We came to the watermelon patch and were divided into several groups and got down to work. Some students were responsible for picking the watermelons; some students put the watermelons into the baskets while others carried the baskets filled with watermelons to the specified place. Tired as we were, we were in high spirits. After getting the task finished, I returned home and recalled the whole day, sharing my excitement with my parents. An overwhelming sense of pride came over me.
It was through this experience that I realized that labor is glorious. Never could it fade from my mind and I expected another activity like this.
6.【2019·天津】书面表达（满分25分）
61.假设你是晨光中学的李津，英国友好校将派教师来你校参加为期一周的暑期交流活动。活动期间，英方教师Chris 将做一个有关西方艺术的讲座、现就讲座内容征求你校学生的意见。请根据以下提示给Chris写一封电子邮件:
（1）你喜欢的讲座话题（从音乐、美术、舞蹈中任选其一）；
（2）选择该话题的原因及关于该话题你感兴趣的内容；
（3）希望从中有何收获。
注意：
（1）词数不少于100：
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已给出、不计入总词数。
Dear Chris，
I'm Li Jim，a student at Chenguang High School.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you for your time.
Yours，
Li Jin
【思路点拨】
随着时代的发展，电子邮件越来越受广大中学生的欢迎，所以写电子邮件是中学生经常做的事，这种形式的写作贴近学生生活，使他们感到熟悉。考生成文时应注意：1. 要点要齐全：(1)讲座的话题；(2)选该话题的原因；(3)该话题你感兴趣的内容；(4) 希望从中有所收获2. 时态：以一般现在时为主；3. 人称：第一人称为主，辅以第二人称；4. 注意恰当使用一些连词，使文章自然、流畅；5. 适当使用一些高级句型和词汇以提高作文档次。
【参考范文】
One possible version
Dear Chris,
I’m Li Jin, a student at Chenguang High School. Learning that you will give us a presentation about art in western countries during the coming summer holidays, we’re more than delighted.
Most of us prefer western painting. Several reasons may account for my preference. For one thing, I’m interested to learn how western art has developed into what it is today through history, and the most influential artists in each period of its development. For another, I’m crazy to learn how to appreciate western paintings. Last but not least, It would be better if you can tell us some tricks about how to paint. I hope your presentation will contribute to our better understanding of western paintings.
Thank you for your time.
Yours,
Li Jin
7.【2019·江苏】书面表达(满分25 分)
81.请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
Li Jiang:Have you heard this？A group of exchange students from the UK are visiting our school next month.
Su Hua:Yes，I have. Some are already recommending the traditional Chinese dress for the welcome ceremony.
Li Jiang:But it seems people have different opinions.
Su Hua:What do you think？
Li Jiang:I think it's a good idea. It's an opportunity to make the Chinese culture better known to international students.
Su Hua:I agree. But we don't have to dress that way. That's not our daily style. Besides，it's not very convenient.
Li Jiang:You see. It's the Chinese culture that the British friends are coming for. Just the right occasion.
Su Hua:I prefer the school uniform. It's nice. It's also a better display of our school culture.
【写作内容】
1.用约30个词概括上述信息的主要内容；
2.在上述场合，你是否倾向于穿中国传统服装？请说明理由(不少于两点)。
【写作要求】
1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3.不必写标题。
【评分标准】
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Possible version one:
Li Jiang and Su Hua are discussing what to wear when receiving the British students next month. Li recommends the traditional Chinese dress while Su prefers the school uniform.
I would be happy to wear traditional Chinese clothes at the welcome ceremony. Firstly, this is precisely what the British visitors are expecting. They come to learn about Chinese culture with their own eyes. Their Chinese peers in the typical Chinese dress would be highly impressive. The school uniforms are fine, but not special enough to give a unique Chinese flavour. Secondly, the inconvenience is not a problem if our purpose is to share Chinese culture. It is just the so-called inconvenience that displays the richness, delicacy and great fascination of Chinese culture with a history of thousands of years.
The traditional Chinese clothes, it seems to me, will make the occasion very Chinese and inviting to the British guests.
Possible version two:
Li Jiang and Su Hua don't agree on what to wear when greeting the British students Li suggests traditional Chinese clothes while Su thinks the school uniforms are more suitable.
I prefer the school uniform to the traditional Chinese dress at the welcome ceremony next month. Although the traditional Chinese dress may look more beautiful and stylish, it is a little bit strange to walk around in it. We feel at ease in our school uniforms every day. What's more, the traditional Chinese dress can't reflect the unique culture of our school. From the design and colour of our uniforms, the British friends will learn more about our school. Besides, the choice of the traditional Chinese dress means extra money, and extra time, for we have to change it back after the event.
So the school uniforms are a better choice than the traditional Chinese dress for such an occasion.
【思路点拨】
本篇书面表达要求考生根据所提供的对话信息提示写一篇文章，总结上述是否穿中国传统服饰接待外国来客的现象，阐述你是否倾向于穿中国传统服饰，并用2-3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。文章为任务型读写，属于议论文，写作时应以第一人称为主，第二人称为辅；一般现在时为主，一般将来时为辅。考生首先应当仔细阅读所提供的对话文字，明确其主旨；接着最后在此基础上合理安排好文章结构。本文可以从支持穿中国服饰和反对中国传统服饰观点中任选一进行阐述，书写是可用三段写作：第一段用约30词概括是否穿中国传统服饰接待外国来客的现象，提出文章主题；第二、三段指出你赞成穿中国传统服饰或反对穿中国传统服饰来接待外国来客，然后用2-3个理由或论据来支撑你的看法。
在遣词造句上，应当注意合理使用连接成分，以提高文章的逻辑性，如在列举理由时可以用Firstly，secondly，besides，what’s more等；还应尽量使用较复杂的句型如，使用名词性从句，状语从句，形式主语it等等。
2019年高考名校经典模拟试题
1.【东北三省四市2019届高三二模联考】校学生会计划举办“汉语桥”活动，你受学生会委托写一则通知，邀请你校美国留学生参加此活动。内容包括：
1. 介绍活动的意义；
2. 邀请美国留学生参加动员会 the pep rally；
3. 动员会的时间、地点。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结语已为你写好。
Notice
Dear overseas students from America
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students’ Union
【答案】Notice
Dear American overseas students,
Here comes the news that Chinese Bridge series activities will be held in our school. So all of participants are warmly welcome in the pep rally to get fully prepared for the follow-ups.
Themed at promoting Chinese culture around the world, Chinese Bridge acts as a platform to help narrow the gap of mutual understanding about China. Whoever is actively involved in it will develop a positive awareness of Chinese and its culture behind. Based on it, the pep rally is scheduled in our school auditorium from 14:00pm-15:00pm next Friday afternoon.
Please make sure you are available at that time and join us.
Student’s Union
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文，要求写一则通知。
【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一，1. 介绍活动的意义；2. 邀请美国留学生参加动员会；3.动员会的时间、地点。第二，人称为第三人称。第三，时态以一般现在时为主，兼用一般将来时。
第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为三段。第一段，校学生会计划举办“汉语桥”活动，热烈欢迎所有的参与者参加动员会。第二段，介绍活动的意义；邀请美国留学生参加动员会；动员会的时间、地点。第三段，表达希望。
第三步：确定关键词汇和短语: participants ，available，Chinese Bridge series activities，in our school，pep rally，get fully prepared for，promoting Chinese culture around the world，act as， narrow the gap of mutual understanding，be involved in sth, develop a positive awareness of ,in our school auditorium, from 14:00pm-15:00pm, next Friday afternoon。
第四步：确定较为高级的句子:过去分词作原因状语Themed at promoting Chinese culture around the world, Chinese Bridge acts as a platform to help narrow the gap of mutual understanding about China. whoever 引导的主语从句Whoever is actively involved in it will develop a positive awareness of Chinese and its culture behind。
第五步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。
【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式:过去分词作原因状语Themed at promoting Chinese culture around the world, Chinese Bridge acts as a platform to help narrow the gap of mutual understanding about China. whoever 引导的主语从句Whoever is actively involved in it will develop a positive awareness of Chinese and its culture behind。
高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。
2.【河北省保定市2019届高三下学期第二次模拟】书面表达（满分25分）
假设你是李华，受学校委托，邀请本校国际班的学生一起参加纪念中国改革开放40周年展览活动，请根据题示写一封电子邮件发到校园网告知他们活动内容，要点如下：
1. 时间及地点（本周末，学校图书馆）；
2. 展览内容（照片、实物、高科技成果等）；
3. 学生交流。
注意：100词左右；可适当增加细节以使行文连贯流畅。
参考词汇：the 40th anniversary of reform and opening-up改革开放四十周年
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear classmates,
On behalf of our school, I am writing to invite all of you in the international class to an exhibition to celebrate the 40th anniversary of China’s reform and opening-up.
The exhibition will be held in our school library this weekend. At the exhibition you will enjoy various pictures and real objects of different periods, which will give you a real insight into the great changes in China. Besides, high-tech products will be on display to show the great achievements we have made. A wide range of activities are included. In particular, you are welcome to exchange your ideas about the exhibition in the meeting room at 4 pm.
I believe you will be impressed and have a better understanding of our country Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封电子邮件。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件：假设你是李华，受学校委托，邀请本校国际班的学生一起参加纪念中国改革开放40周年展览活动，请根据题示写一封电子邮件发到校园网告知他们活动内容，要点如下：1. 时间及地点（本周末，学校图书馆）；2. 展览内容（照片、实物、高科技成果等）；3. 学生交流。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：On behalf of our school（代表我们学校）；celebrate the 40th anniversary of China’s reform and opening-up.（庆祝中国改革开放四十年）；A wide range of activities（广泛的活动）；等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。同时文中使用高级词汇和句子。The exhibition will be held in our school library this weekend.句中使用一般现在时态的被动语态；At the exhibition you will enjoy various pictures and real objects of different periods, which will give you a real insight into the great changes in China.句中使用which引导的非限制性定语从句；I believe you will be impressed and have a better understanding of our country.句中使用宾语从句；另外，On behalf of，Besides, In particular,等的运用为文章增色添彩。
3.【2019年淮北?宿州高三第二次模拟】书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是红星中学的李华，你的英国朋友Peter热爱体育运动，他将作为交换生到你校学习一年。请你给他写封邮件，主要内容包括:
1. 介绍你校体育课程及活动;
2. 推荐一项中国传统体育项目。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Peter,
I’m glad to hear that you will come to our school on a one-year exchange program. Since you enjoy sports, I would like to introduce the sports courses in our school as well as a Chinese traditional sport.
First of all, for each class in our school, there are two to three periods of PE class every week. Basic courses, including playing basketball and running, are offered to students. Besides, the school sports meeting is held annually, which students can take part in according to their interests. What I recommend to you to learn is Chinese kungfu, a traditional sport in China. Practicing it regularly will help you stay fit in a fantastic way.
Looking forward to your arrival!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本书面表达是一篇提纲类写作。要求以李华的名义用英语给英国朋友Peter写一封邮件。
【详解】书信类作文。写作提要为假定你是红星中学的李华，你的英国朋友Peter热爱体育运动，他将作为交换生到你校学习一年。请你给他写封邮件，主要内容包括：1. 介绍你校体育课程及活动；2. 推荐一项中国传统体育项目。我们所要做的就是用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来。本作文中给出的要点比较简略，故需要自由发挥的地方较多。需要注意不要偏离文章中心。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，一定要契合整个文章,不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，文章词数适当。作者在文中使用了较多的高级表达方式。如Besides, the school sports meeting is held annually, which students can take part in according to their interests.使用了定语从句；Chinese calligraphy is the treasure of traditional Chinese culture, which has a history of 5,000 years.使用了定语从句；What I recommend to you to learn is Chinese kungfu, a traditional sport in China.使用了名词性从句；Practicing it regularly will help you stay fit in a fantastic way.使用了动名词作主语。另外文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
4.【河南省安阳市2019届高三毕业班第二次模拟】假定你是李华，你校手工俱乐部（Handicraft Club）将邀请民间艺人（folk artist）来校教大家制作灯笼。请给你班的交换生Tom写一封电子邮件，邀请他一同参加。内容包括：
1．邀请原因；
2．活动内容；
3．活动时间和地点。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Tom,
I’m Li Hua and I have a piece of good news to tell you. Next Saturday our school’s Handicraft Club will hold an activity, where we will learn how to make lanterns by hand. I know you are crazy about Chinese traditional handicraft works, so I’m writing to invite you to attend it with me.
On that day, a famous folk artist will be invited to teach us skills of making different kinds of lanterns using various materials, including red paper and silk. At the same time, he will tell us the history and origin of lanterns. The activity will be held in Room 405 in the library. Looking forward to your presence.
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封邮件；假定你是李华，你校手工俱乐部（Handicraft Club）将邀请民间艺人（folk artist）来校教大家制作灯笼。请给你班的交换生Tom写一封电子邮件，邀请他一同参加。内容包括：1．邀请原因；2．活动内容；3．活动时间和地点。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：have a piece of good news（有一则好消息），Handicraft Club（手工俱乐部），make lanterns（做灯笼），handicraft works（手工艺作品）；folk artist（民间艺人）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Next Saturday our school’s Handicraft Club will hold an activity, where we will learn how to make lanterns by hand. 运用了定语从句；On that day, a famous folk artist will be invited to teach us skills of making different kinds of lanterns using various materials, including red paper and silk.运用了被动语态。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
5.【安徽省黄山市2019届高三第三次质量检测】假如你是李华，你的美国网友 Peter参加了“中国首届外国留学生软笔书法竞赛”并获得了一等奖，请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 祝贺获奖；
2. 肯定成绩和努力；
3. 约时间在网上交流学习中国软笔书法的心得。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 信件开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：
中国首届外国留学生软笔书法竞赛 the First Chinese Calligraphy Contest for Foreign Students
Dear Peter,
I am writing to offer my sincere congratulations
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
I am writing to offer my sincere congratulations to you on your taking first place in the First Chinese Calligraphy Contest for Foreign Students. As your friend, I just want you to know I am more than glad at your success.
“Everything comes to him who waits. For these years, you’ve shown great interest in Chinese calligraphy and kept on practicing it every day. Not only have you referred to many calligraphy books, but also you have consulted some calligraphy masters. Hard work pays off. Eventually, it was through your hard work and talent that you succeeded in winning the championship!
I’m happy about what you have achieved and I hope to exchange with you our experience in learning calligraphy so that we can make progress together. Please tell me when you have time.
Congratulations again.
Yours
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封电子邮件。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件：假如你是李华，你的美国网友 Peter参加了“中国首届外国留学生软笔书法竞赛”并获得了一等奖，请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1. 祝贺获奖；2. 肯定成绩和努力；3. 约时间在网上交流学习中国软笔书法的心得。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：offer my sincere congratulations to you（向你们提供我真诚的祝贺）； the First Chinese Calligraphy Contest for Foreign Students（中国首届外国留学生软笔书法竞赛）；consulted some calligraphy masters（咨询一些书法家）；等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。同时文中使用高级句子。As your friend, I just want you to know I am more than glad at your success.句中使用宾语从句；Not only have you referred to many calligraphy books, but also you have consulted some calligraphy masters.部分倒装用在句中；Eventually, it was through your hard work and talent that you succeeded in winning the championship!句中使用强调句型。
6.【广东省六校2019届高三第四次联考】假定你是李华，你的美国朋友 Justin 得知你想提高英文写作能力，给你寄来一本《英文 写作要素》（The Elements Of Style）。请你回一封信。内容包括：
1. 感谢对方；
2. 会认真研读；
3. 你的回礼。
注意：
1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Justin,
How is everything going with you?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Justin,
How is everything going with you? I’m so excited to have received the book The Elements Of Style you sent to me, which is the very book that I had been looking forward to. Thanks sincerely for your considerate thought.
As you know, I am working at improving my English writing ability recently, and the book will be very useful, and will be a great help. Actually, I have made a plan to study and read the book intensively and carefully. In this way, I’m fully convinced that I can achieve my goal.
In return for your favor, I mail a book named The History Of China to you, since you are eager to know something about Chinese culture. Hopefully, you will like it.
Best wishes.
Yours
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封信；假定你是李华，你的美国朋友 Justin 得知你想提高英文写作能力，给你寄来一本《英文 写作要素》（The Elements Of Style）。请你回一封信。内容包括：1. 感谢对方；2. 会认真研读；3. 你的回礼。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：look forward to（期待），considerate（体贴的），be a great help（非常有帮助），In return for（作为……的报答）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如I’m so excited to have received the book The Elements Of Style you sent to me, which is the very book that I had been looking forward to.运用了定语从句；I mail a book named The History Of China to you, since you are eager to know something about Chinese culture.运用了原因状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
7.【宁夏银川一中2019届高三第二次模拟】书面表达(满分25分)
请根据你对下面这幅图的理解，写一篇100字左右的英语短文。
请包括以下内容:
1.简要描述图画内容
2.联系实际说说自己的看法和建议
提示:smog 雾霾
As is vividly shown in the picture, a tiny man
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】As is vividly shown in the picture, a tiny man living in the city is standing there wearing a mask, terrified by the heavy smog, which looks like a huge frightening monster.
What the picture mirrors is clearly heavy smog and severe air pollution. Confronted with potential risks of sickness, people are always forced to wear masks in order to avoid breathing poisonous air.With smog getting increasingly serious, environmental protection has become an urgent issue for human beings. As a saying goes, great things may be done by mass effort.
For one thing, our government should develop more green and energy saving ways to lower the emission of polluted air. For another, every single, person should raise their awareness of environmental protection and use more public transport. Only if we spare no effort to protect our environment, can we enjoy a greener and better life.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇看图作文，对于雾霾的看法。
【详解】看图作文就是依据图画所表现的情景，按照规定和要求进行写作。一般的看图作文就是就图说话：要求考生按照所给图画，通过合理的联想将一组画面的内容正确地表达出来。这里因为图画上有一个提示词smog，所以学生很容易想出这是这幅画的主题是关于雾霾的。第一段先叙述是画面上是什么；第二段写画面的内容。第三段写出自己的观点和建议。综合分析这里叙述的是现在的存在情况，所以句子应该用一般现在时。
【点睛】一、正确理解提示和要求。一般情况下，看图作文在提供图画的同时也附带有简要的文字提示，我们可以利用文字提示去正确地理解图意，得到要点。切忌孤立地看图而忽视文字提示。 二、确定体裁格式。根据图片内容确定好题材与体裁，弄清是写人还是写景，是说明还是叙事，是书信还是日记或其他应用文体。 三、确立人称。清晰把握作文的人称线条，切不可上下矛盾，混淆不清。 四、确定时态和语态。弄清所要叙述的内容事实是已然、未然还是正在进行，从而确立主体时态。 五、看懂图意；切中题意。正确理解图画的基本事实，并根据每幅画之间的联系，弄清要表达的主题和梗概。 六、展开想象。仔细观察细节（图画中的人物、事件、地点、环境、时间、动作等），依据图画细节对画面的内容加以想象、扩充或补充。
8.【河北省唐山市2019届高三第二次模拟】假定你是李华，你笔友Peter所在的林肯中学将举办中国文化周活动，他来信向你寻求活动相关建议。请你给他回信，内容要点包括：
1. 活动内容及形式；
2. 说明推荐理由；
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 可能用到的词汇：剪纸 paper-cutting 书法 calligraphy
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Peter:
I’m very glad to learn that a Chinese Culture Week activity will be held in your school. It’s a good opportunity for you to learn more about culture.
First a paper-cutting exhibition is a good choice. As a traditional Chinese art, paper-cutting includes different themes like plants, animals, stories and so on. Additionally, holding a Chinese calligraphy competition can also arouse people’s interest, which is very helpful in learning Chinese culture. What’s more, lectures about Chinese history, architecture, poems, or even food, are surely welcome. And a Chinese painting show is always attractive. I hope my suggestions will be of great help to you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本书面表达是一篇提纲类写作。要求以李华的名义用英语给笔友Peter写一封回信。
【详解】这是一篇书信类作文。写作提要为假定你是李华，你的笔友Peter所在的林肯中学将举办中国文化周活动，他来信向你寻求活动相关建议。请你给他回信，内容要点包括：1. 活动内容及形式；2. 说明推荐理由。我们所要做的就是用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来。本作文中给出的要点比较简略，故需要自由发挥的地方较多。需要注意不要偏离文章中心。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，一定要契合整个文章,不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，文章词数适当。作者在文中使用了较多的高级表达方式。如Additionally, holding a Chinese calligraphy competition can also arouse people’s interest, which is very helpful in learning Chinese culture.使用了动名词作主语和非限定性定语从句。另外文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
9. 【山西省运城市2019届高三高考适应性测试（4月）】假定你是李华，你从某网站上得知山西省博物馆正在招募暑假英语讲解员,请你根据以 下提示,给博物馆负责外国游客接待的Mr. Jason写一封英文自荐信.内容包括:
1. 表达意愿；2. 自荐理由；3. 恳请获准。
注意:1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:讲解员interpreter
Dear Mr. Jason,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Jason,
I’m Li Hua, a high school student. I am writing to apply for the position you advertised on the Website.
First of all, having studied English for about ten years, I have good command of English. With fluent oral English, I’m convinced that I have no difficulty in communicating with foreign guests.
Furthermore, since I grow up here, I’m familiar with the history and traditions of Shanxi Province. And I have a strong affection for them. More importantly, considered as a kind, confident and outgoing boy/ girl, I can make friends with different people in no time. I am sure foreign visitors will be satisfied with my thoughtful and excellent service.
I would deeply appreciate it if you could give me the precious chance to serve as an interpreter. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封推荐信：假定你是李华，你从某网站上得知山西省博物馆正在招募暑假英语讲解员,请你根据以 下提示,给博物馆负责外国游客接待的Mr. Jason写一封英文自荐信.内容包括:1. 表达意愿；2. 自荐理由；3. 恳请获准。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：apply for the position you advertised on the Website（申请你在网站上登广告的职位）；have a good command of English（对英语熟练）；familiar with the history and traditions of Shanxi Province（熟悉山西的历史和传统）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。同时文中使用高级词汇和句子。I am writing to apply for the position you advertised on the Website.句中使用省略引导词的定语从句；having studied English for about ten years, I have good command of English.现在分词作原因状语；I’m convinced that I have no difficulty in communicating with foreign guests.句中使用宾语从句；I would deeply appreciate it if you could give me the precious chance to serve as an interpreter.句中if引导条件状语从句；另外，First of all, Furthermore,等的运用为文章增色添彩。
10. 【江西省2019届高三4月份模拟测】假定你是李华。你市博物院将举行中国传统民俗文化展，请给你校交换生Peter写一封电子邮件。要点如下：
1. 展览时间；
2. 展览内容；
3. 邀请参加。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Peter,
I’m Li Hua. I have some good news to tell you that our city museum will hold a special exhibition to make the Chinese traditional folk cultures well known, so I’m writing to invite you to visit it with me.
Now I will give you a detailed description of the exhibition. It will start from April 6 and end on May 6. There will be a total of 1,000 items to be showed at the exhibition and many of them are traditional Chinese festival decorations such as Spring Festival couplets and lanterns. The exhibition will not only present us with antique collections, but will also allow the audience to involve themselves in the cultural atmosphere of ancient China. Let’s decide on the date if you’re free.
Looking forward to your reply.
Your sincerely,
Li Hu
【解析】
【分析】
考查应用文中的书信写作。
【详解】假定你是李华。你市博物院将举行中国传统民俗文化展，请给你校交换生Peter写一封电子邮件。要点如下：1. 展览时间；2. 展览内容；3. 邀请参加。分析可知，应该以第一人称为主，一般现在时和一般将来时进行写作。要点已经给出，要求考生根据提纲自己发挥拓展，考生要先想好写哪几点，运用合适的语法规则和词汇把各要点都准确表述出。描述要尽量选择简洁的语言，难点在于选择词汇和句型，可以灵活运用高级词汇和固定短语准确表述。还要用适当的连接词把句子连接起来，这样文章显得更连贯。
【点睛】这篇邮件写作短文的关键在于要点的拓展，同时注意谋篇布局的顺序，运用合适的连接词连接全文，同时选择高级的词汇和语法项目让文章更有文采。I have some good news to tell you that our city museum will hold a special exhibition to make the Chinese traditional folk cultures well known, so I’m writing to invite you to visit it with me.这里用了that引导的宾语从句；
Let’s decide on the date if you’re free.用了if引导的条件状语从句，这些都是高分亮点句子。
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