（人教版）高中英语选修七同步练习，补习资料：Unit 1 Living wel话题语言应用——“自强不息”写作练习
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| 名称 | （人教版）高中英语选修七同步练习，补习资料：Unit 1 Living wel话题语言应用——“自强不息”写作练习 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-08-16 20:14:57 | ||
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话题语言应用——自强不息
语言积累
交际用语
1. 表示祝愿和祝贺
Congratulations! 祝贺你！
I’m very pleased for you. 我很满意。
All the best.（祝你）一切顺利！
I wish you success. 祝你成功！
I hope it goes well for you. 愿你一切顺利。
That’s wonderful/ amazing. 太好了。
Good luck! （祝你）好运！
Well done! 干得好！
I’m proud of you. 我为你骄傲。
I want to express my sincere congratulations on... 衷心祝贺你......
I’m very impressed by your performance. 你的表演给我很深印象。
2. 有礼貌地表达个人观点
I hope you will not mind...希望你不介意......
I wonder if... 我想你是否......
It would be... ......会......
It would help to ... 这样会有助于......
I’d like to suggest that... 我建议......
Perhaps there could be...也许会有......
Thank you for reading my letter. 感谢你读我的信。
I hope my suggestions will meet with your approval. 希望你能赞成这些建议。
话题语句（1）
1．有关残疾（disability）的词句：
mental disability心理缺陷，智力障碍 physical disability 生理缺陷
developmental disability 发育不良 emotional disability 情感缺陷
learning difficulty 学习困难 hearing problem 听力问题
difficulty with eyesight 视力困难 brain injury 脑损伤
loss of an arm or leg 失去了一条手臂或腿 infantile paralysis 小儿麻痹症
walking difficulty 行走困难 color blindness 色盲
sleep disorders 睡眠紊乱 depression 抑郁
2. 形容词
blind 失明的 dumb 哑的 deaf 聋的
lame 跛足的 paralyzed 瘫痪的 near-sighted 近视的
weak-sighted 弱视的 sighted 看得见的 hearing-impaired 听力损伤的
the disabled = disabled people 残障人士，残疾人 able-bodied people 体格健全的
3. 辅助设施
braille 盲文 guide dog ?导盲犬 hearing aid 助听器
walking frame 辅助行走器 walking stick 拐杖 hand rails 扶手
wheelchair 轮椅 sign language 手语
4. 有关“残疾”的描述
Disabilities can be visible or invisible. 残疾可以是可见的或不可见的。
People with invisible disabilities don’t look disabled. 有不可见的残疾的人外表看不出残疾。
Depression, sleep disorders and learning difficulty are invisible disabilities.
抑郁、睡眠紊乱和学习障碍都是不可见的残疾。
Symptoms 症状:
weak and can’t run or climb stairs as quickly as others 虚弱，不能像别人一样跑或爬楼梯
clumsy and drop things or bump into furniture 笨拙，拿不牢东西，磕碰到家具
get out of breath after running just a short way 跑一小段路就上气不接下气
have to stop half way up the stairs and rest before getting up to the top
还没到顶楼，刚爬到一半就不得不停下来休息
too weak to go to school 过于虚弱不能上学
话题语句（2）
1. 有关“自强不息”
learn to adapt to my disability 学会适应残疾
overcome the difficulties 战胜困难
make a contribution to the society 为社会做贡献
never feel sorry for himself 从不为自己伤心/遗憾
live as rich and full a life as you do 尽可能和你一样过得丰富而充实
To live one day at a time. 活一天算一天（at a time 每次，在某时）
We can achieve whatever we decide to do. 我们决定做的事就会做成。
Disability has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more independent.
残疾帮助我在心理上更坚强，变得很独立。
2. What spirits and characteristics make the disabled successful?
是什么精神和特点让残疾人成功的？
a strong will 坚强的意志 determination 决心
perseverance 毅力 challenge 挑战
live a meaning life 过有意义的生活 optimistic 乐观的
3. 有关“了解”和“帮助”：
get some extra help in their everyday activities 日常生活中给予额外帮助
give them the chance to share their stories with others 提供与他人分享经历的机会
understand more about how challenging life can be for people with disabilities
了解更多残疾人生活的挑战性
give them encouragement 给他们鼓励
do not feel sorry for the disabled or make fun of them but accept them
不要可怜残疾人或取笑他们，而是接受他们
（not... but 不是......，而是......；or用于否定句中表示并列）
don’t ignore them 不要不理（忽视）他们
allow the disabled individual a chance to maintain dignity 允许残疾人有机会保持尊严
be patient with people with disabilities 耐心对待残疾人
We shouldn’t get annoyed just because they are slow. 不因他们慢就生气。
We shouldn’t feel sorry for them. That might hurt them.
我们不应该可怜他们，那会伤害他们。
4. 保障设施
adequate access for wheelchairs 足够的轮椅通道
earphones for people who have trouble hearing 为有听力困难的人提供的耳机
They need places with a slope and not a step off the pavement, so they can move a wheelchair easily from pavement to road. 他们需要下人行道时有斜坡而不是台阶的地方，他们可以很容易地把轮椅驶下人行道进入马路。
lifts to upper floors 上楼的电梯
bring guide dogs into a shop带导盲犬进入商店
guide rails to help blind people find their way around/in a store
商店周边/里帮助盲人的盲道
spaces specially reserved for disabled and elderly drivers
专门为残疾司机和老年司机安排的地方（空间）
话题语句（3）
【Living well 语言应用】
Tips to help a disabled stranger in public
We’ve all seen the elderly man with his walker struggling to make it to his car or the woman in the wheelchair desperately trying to cross a busy street on her own. We may wish to help, but for fear of being offensive or even putting ourselves in danger, we resist. However, there are general steps that can be taken to ensure that your aiding a neighbor is both safe and welcome.
注释：
1. We’ve all seen the elderly man with his walker struggling to make it to his car...
我们见过用助行车（walker）的老人努力推着车走向他的汽车......（it指代his walker）
2. for fear of 害怕 3. offensive 攻击的，讨厌的
4. resist 抵抗，对抗
Tip #1: Ask yourself if this person truly needs your help.
Individuals with limited mobility grasp their limitations, and they are fully aware of what they can and cannot handle when they venture out on their own. As such, be careful to analyze the true need before offering what may be an unwelcome hand. If a person is truly in distress, you’ll know. Otherwise, give the situation a moment or two and allow the disabled individual a chance to maintain dignity.
注释：
1. mobility 活动性，能动性 2. grasp their limitations 明白他们的局限性
3. venture 冒险，敢于 4. as such 同样地
5. distress 困难，危难（常用词可以是trouble）
Tip #2: Register any lack of eye contact.
When we need help, our first reaction is generally to scan our immediate surroundings for any willing volunteers. If a disabled person appears to be in distress and is looking around, namely at you, in an attempt to make eye contact, you may be needed for assistance. On the other hand, if you find yourself running down a person “in need” who is facing away from you, you may find yourself receiving a mixed reaction for your “generosity”.
注释：register 注意到 scan 细看，审视 immediate 最接近的
Tip #3: Be quiet about it.
If you are certain that a disabled stranger is in need of your help, try not to attract unwanted attention to that individual and their condition. Placing yourself in their position, and understanding that bringing even more attention upon an unfortunate physical ailment, may help curb any unnecessary enthusiasm.
注释：ailment 疾病（尤指慢性病） curb 抑制
Tip #4: Check the disabled for your own safety.
Being disabled does not prevent a total stranger from being hostile, or even dangerous. Just as you would be cautious of anyone you aren’t familiar with, so should you be wary of helping someone disabled who does not appear receptive of such a social encounter.
注释：
1. hostile怀有敌意的 wary 谨慎的 receptive 愿意接受的 encounter 遭遇，偶遇
2. ... so should you be wary of helping someone disabled who does not appear receptive of such a social encounter.
此句是倒装句，表示“也”的so位于句首，主谓部分倒装。句意：......你们也应该谨慎地帮助似乎不愿意接受这样的社交接触的残疾人。
Tip #5: Help those only within a reasonable closeness.
Of course, this tip is generalized. If a disabled individual has fallen within your scope of vision, helping is understandable. However, rushing across the grocery store parking lot to help a disabled person with a task may cause alarm and fear. Just as you wouldn’t wish for a total stranger to approach you from a great distance without obvious cause, a disabled individual may not wish to be chased down.
注释：scope （处理的）范围 chase 追逐
Tip #6: Upon helping a disabled stranger, speak respectfully and briefly.
Again, maintaining dignity for the other person is essential to truly being helpful to your neighbor. Asking about the details of a disability is not in your best interest, nor is such behavior respectful of one’s privacy.
Imagine yourself suffering from a physical disability for a moment. Again, the above tips are generalized and are meant to ensure not only your safety but also that your aid is welcome and needed. With these guidelines in mind, however, using your own judgment when helping out a disabled stranger in public is always best. ■
话题语句（4）
有用的句子----- 试试你会了吗？
1）今年，她很骄傲参加了比赛，打破了两圈（800米）比赛的记录。
She is proud _______________ competitions and ______________ by running two ______ (800 metres) this year.
2）他让人把问题读给他，然后口授把答案输入一台专门的机器中。
He ___________________ to him and used _________ to give his answers into a special machine.
3) 他课后上唱歌和舞蹈课。
He ____________________ after school.
4）说实在的，我过去常常梦想我会成为职业球员，代表我的国家参加世界杯足球赛。
In fact, I used to dream about ________________ and possibly _________________ in the World Cup.
5) 去年我开发了一个电脑足球游戏。
Last year I ______________.
6) 我生活很充实，没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。
I have a very busy life with ______________________________.
7）照顾好宠物花了很多时间，但是我觉得很值。
To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time but I______________.
8) 身体残疾并不意味着生活不美满。
________________ does not mean your life is not __________.
9）安装通往影剧院各处的电梯会很方便。
It would be _____________________ all parts of the cinema.
10) 这样可以使那些听力有缺陷的观众和那些听力正常的朋友坐在一起欣赏，而不是让前者坐在一个特定的区域。
This would ____________________________ enjoy _____________ their __________ friends ___________having to sit in a special area.
11）在影剧院入口处的附近安排厕所会让残疾人感觉更方便。
For _____________, it would be _________________ place the toilets near the entrance to the cinema.
12) 希望您能赞成我的建议。
I hope my ______________________________.
13) 残疾人应当和健全人有同样的机会来欣赏电影，同时能保持自己的尊严。
Disabled people should have the same __________________the cinema and ___________.
14）电影院老板也会高兴，因为有更多的人能够去看电影了，他们就能赚更多的钱了。
It will also ______ the cinema owners _______ if more people go as they will _____ _______.
参考答案：
1) to have taken part in; to have broken a record; laps (不定式动作在is proud之前，用完成式)
2）had the questions read; dictation (have sth. done 使某事被做；dictation 听写，口授)
3) takes singing and dancing lessons
4) playing professional football; representing my country (about后两个并列动词-ing形式)
5) invented a computer football game
6) no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself
7) find it worthwhile
8) Having a disability; satisfying
9) handy to have lifts to （handy 方便的，手边的，附近的）
10) allow hearing-impaired customers to; the company（陪伴）of; hearing; rather than (而不是)
11) disabled customers; more convenient to
12) suggestions will meet with your approval
13) opportunities as able-bodied people to enjoy; to do so with dignity (有尊严地)
（注意“opportunity to do sth.”表示做某事的机会）
14) make; happy; make higher profits (利润)
写作运用
话题有关的建议信
建议信是对收信人就某一问题提出看法、建议或忠告，不同于投诉信，所以写信人一定要注意礼貌。
建议信一般包括：
1. 自我介绍，说明写信的目的；
2. 肯定优点的基础上较为委婉地提出建议或看法；
3. 表达希望对方采纳建议的愿望：礼貌地总结或期盼回复。
另外，我们已经在以前的学习中涉及到各种信件的写作，同学们可以参考。
常用句型
礼貌地提出要求
I hope you will not mind me writing to ask … 希望你不要介意我写信请求.......
It would be handy to have lifts… 有电梯会很方便......
It would help to fit sets of … 安装成套的......会有帮助。
I’d like to suggest that… 我想建议......
I hope my suggestions will … 希望我的建议会......
I would like to take the opportunity to express my appreciation for your kind assistance as always.
我想借此机会表达我对你们一如既往的善意帮助的感激之情。
I feel that it would be beneficial to express views concerning...
我觉得表达有关......的观点会有好处。
In first place... I would also recommend ... Last but not least...
首先...... 我也会推荐...... 最后但是同样重要......
I hope that you take my suggestions into serious consideration
我希望你们会认真考虑我的建议。
I am looking forward to your reply. 期待着你们的回复。
写作范文
Example 1
假如你们学校附近要建一座新超市，考虑到现在的超市残疾人去都不够方便，你要给新超市的建筑师史密斯先生写一封信，对方便残疾人的方法提出建议。
参考范文：
Dear Mr. Smith,
I read in the newspaper that you are the architect who is to design the new supermarket in our suburb. I am writing to ask you to consider the matter of easy use of the supermarket by people in wheelchairs. In particular, I would like you to consider the following things:
1. Width of aisles. Can you please make sure that the aisles are wide enough to allow wheelchairs to pass through? In some supermarkets the aisles are so narrow that a person in a wheelchair cannot move along them easily.
2. Height of shelves. Can you please design shelves that can be reached by people in wheelchairs? In some supermarkets people in wheelchairs have to ask other shoppers to help them. This takes away their independence.
3. Lifts to other floors. Lifts could be in places that people in wheelchairs can get to easily. It is very difficult if lifts are right at the back of the shop and people have to go up and down the shelves before they get to it.
4. Car parks. I hope you will leave some car spaces close to the front of the shop for people in wheelchairs. It is very difficult if they have to park a long way away from the shop and wheel themselves over rough ground to the entrance.
Thank you for reading my letter. I hope you will consider my suggestions. Disabled people should have the same opportunities as able-bodied people to shop independently and they should be able to do so with dignity. I am sure many people will admire your supermarket if you design it with good access for disabled people. The supermarket owners will also be happy as more people will be able to shop there.
Yours sincerely,
Julia
注释：...people have to go up and down the shelves before they get to it. 人们必须走过货架才能到达电梯。（up and down the shelves 在货架中走来走去）
Example 2
据报道，7岁的美国女孩Amy Bruce得知自己身患肺癌后处于极度的痛苦之中。美国抗癌协会（ACS）决定，每当Amy收到一封慰问信，就给她增加三美分的治疗款。
假如你是新华中学的李华，请用英语给Amy写一封慰问信。
主要内容：
自我简介——得知的情况——表示鼓励——打算为她做什么——祝她早日康复
参考范文：
Dear Amy,
I am Li Hua, a student from Xinhua Middle School. I’m writing to you because I wish to become your good friend.
I am very sorry to have learnt that you’re in deep sorrow because of lung cancer. My dear friend, as we all know, cancer is no longer a disease which can’t be cured of. With the development of modern science, it will be conquered by us human beings. Besides, there are a lot of people in this world caring about you. ACS in your country has decided to add three cents to your treatment whenever you receive a letter. I will tell all my friends, schoolmates and relatives about your situation and they’ll write to you soon. Don’t lose heart and cheer up! We are all with you to fight against the disease.
I do hope you’re picking up soon.
Best wishes to you!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
巩固练习
一、单项选择
1. He was severely injured in the war and his __________ prevented him from holding any job.
A. inability B. disability C. hurt D. pain
2．It ________ me that she just expects us to help，but I have so many things to do today.
A．annoys B．surprises C．excites D．delights
3. Energy drinks are not allowed _______ in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand.
A. to make B. to be made C. to have been made D. to be making
4．Over two thirds of the population were believed to have no ________ to the health care in the west rural areas in China.
A．aid B．way C．belief D．access
5. ---I’ve just passed my driving test!
---________________!
A. Good luck B. Enjoy yourself C. Congratulations D. Go ahead
6．Then，I am sure，China will be more powerful than it is today，and that will be ___________ the world peace．
A．disabled in B．clumsy to C．beneficial to D．absent from
7．Even though he has lived in China for many years，Mark still cannot ________ himself to the Chinese customs.
A．fit B．adopt C．adapt D．account
8. China’s economic development has made ______ rapid progress in the past 20 years and young people have made ______ great contribution to this progress.
A．/; a B．the; / C．a; a D．/; /
9. Between the two generations, it is often not their age，________their education that causes misunderstanding.
A．like B．as C．or D．but
10．—Mike，our team will play against the Rockets this weekend. I’m sure we will win.
—________！
A．Congratulations B．Cheer up C．Best wishes D．Good luck
11. You don’t want _______________ and neither do others.
A. to make fun of B. making fun of C. to be made fun of D. being made fun of
12．Jane became_______________ her parents because she could make a living by selling newspapers．
A．tired of B．accustomed to C．independent of D．accessible to
13. My younger sister enjoys listening to music very much, with pop music __________.
A. in detail B. in brief C. in particular D. in advance
14. Johnson managed to go to England to study medicine with the __________ of his uncle.
A. resistance B. assistance C. requirement D. assignment
15．You will have an idea of what a hard life the working people ________ at that time after you read the book.
A．enjoyed B．shared C．managed D．lived
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～20各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
When NYU psychology professor Gary Marcus was a child，he loved music．Marcus，however was not musically 1 ．He tried to learn to play the recorder，but 2 to master the simple tune of “Mary Had a Little Lamb”．
“I was so bad that my teacher 3 me to seek my fortunes elsewhere.” he said．
Marcus eventually decided to 4 music and take up a career in science．Three years ago while on 5 ，his lifelong love of music reappeared． 6 by the video game “Guitar Hero.” Marcus picked up a 7 for the first time．
At first，nearly every aspect of playing the guitar was 8 for him．Though music theory came naturally，he noted that 9 the notes on the guitar’s fret board(指板) was demanding of the human 10 ．
“Then there’s an issue of skills for me 11 and a big issue of rhythm．” Marcus said．“I had to struggle quite a bit to be able to just play notes in time．”
Marcus soon 12 that mastering the guitar would be a huge career．
“In order to give it the attention it 13 ，I had to really make it a part of my life．”he said．
Marcus began 14 music knowledge to match his interest in music with 15 ．
“As a scientist．I wanted to understand music 16 ，”he said．“I didn’t want to just be a 17 listener．”
During the 2009 fall semester，Marcus began teaching a 18 honors lecture called Guitar Heroes(and Heroines)．
“I really like teaching music 19 it’s something that’s only entered in my life 20 recently．”he said．
1．A．gifted B．presented C．astonished D．ashamed
2．A．preferred B．struggled C．fought D．managed
3．A．praised B．criticized C．blamed D．encouraged
4．A．refuse B．reject C．abandon D．ignore
5．A．vacation B．time C．purpose D．duty
6．A．Satisfied B．Excited C．Shocked D．Inspired
7．A．guitar B．photo C．job D．interest
8．A．impossible B．difficult C．necessary D．important
9．A．remembering B．protecting C．learning D．writing
10．A．energy B．spirit C．force D．memory
11．A．personally B．generally C．alternatively D．naturally
12．A．felt B．guessed C．realized D．imagined
13．A．indicated B．required C．downloaded D．hesitated
14．A．questioning B．aiming C．researching D．planning
15．A．science B．art C．music D．body
16．A．easer B．better C．well D．clearer
17．A．stubborn B．typical C．devotional D．passive
18．A．doctor B．teacher C．freshman D．scientist
19．A．even though B．as though C．only if D．as if
20．A．especially B．basically C．usually D．relatively
三、阅读理解
Parents Often Favor One Child Over Another
Although parents’ first reaction is usually to deny favoring one child over another，most parents end up admitting that they do，according to Dr. Kenneth Hardy，a family therapist and director of trauma and families at the Ackerman Institute for the Family in New York City．“All parents have favorites，”he believes．
Hardy says the children are often aware of it，too．“If you ask two siblings which one is the favorite and both point to themselves，there’s no problem，”he says．“If both kids point one way，you know you have a problem.”
The Ely boys didn’t hesitate when asked whether their mother favors Chris．Both boys nodded．“It’s kind of like she doesn’t love me，”Jamie started to say，then corrected himself．“She does love me，but she，like，favors Chris more，but kind of forgets about me.”
Their mother said she loves both boys，but sometimes finds that Jamie’s complaining can make her not like him．“I don’t think with Christopher I ever have that same feeling.”
She also said she finds Chris more affectionate．When she kisses Jamie while he is asleep in bed，she says he seems to rub off her kisses，while Chris “nuzzles,” she said．“I think you can just get closer to a more affectionate child．”
Hardy，who watched the tapes and talked to the families，said parents often respond better to children who demonstrate that they need and love them．
Like the other mothers，Dianne Ely said she felt guilty when she realized how much she was favoring one of her children“I thought，God，this is just not right to treat your children differently.”
Like Jamie，Morgan Johnson is aware that she is not the favorite in her family．20/20’s cameras showed that when Sandy is criticizing Morgan，Hannah often joins in，siding with her mother against her sister．“They don’t like me that much，” Morgan said，adding that it doesn’t make her feel angry，but，“It makes me feel sad.”
1．What’s the type of this passage?
A．A piece of news． B．A TV program． C．A novel． D．An essay．
2．We can learn from the passage that _______．
A．all the parents finally admit that they favor one child
B．children less notices that parents favor one child
C．parents often response better to the child who perform more need and love
D．children were angry when they find parents favor one child
3．What will the author write in the following part?
A．An argument between parents and children．
B．How to deal with the prejudice．
C．A new tendency between parents and children’s relationship．
D．What will happen if parents favor one child．
4．Which of the following statements is not correct?
A．Christopher is Morgan’s son,
B．Dianne Ely love Jamine less than Chris．
C．Hardy is a doctor of psychology in New York City．
D．Morgan is the least loved child in her family．
5．What’s the main idea of this passage?
A．Parents deny they favor one child over another，but kids feel it．
B．A generation gap between parents and kids．
C．A strange social phenomenon．
D．A program on whether parents favor one child and whether kids can feel it．
四、选词填空。
meet with, access, feel sorry for, optimistic, challenging
get annoyed, make a contribution to, reserve, analyze, maintain
1. I’d like to ________ a table for three for eight o’clock.
2. Only a few people have ________ to the full facts of the incident.
3. Let’s ________ the problem and see what went wrong.
4. Learning to manage stress is a ________ life skill.
5. I ________ anyone who has to drive in this sort of weather.
6. Being ________ means being hopeful about the future and the success of something in particular.
7. I think everyone should ________ protecting the environment.
8. I ________ when I knew that everyone except me in our class was invited to the party.
9. We must ________ friendly relations with them. After all, they are your family.
10. I sometimes ________ such fish in the market when I lived in Qingdao.
五、语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在标有1～10的空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
（1）
Most successful men have the experience of suffering from failure and discouragement. Had it not been for __1__ confident wife, Sophia, we might not have listed the name of Nathaniel Hawthorne among the great names of literature. When Nathaniel, a heartbroken man, went home to tell his wife that he was a failure and had __2__ (fire) from his job in a customhouse, she surprised __3__ with a cry of joy.
“Now,” she said __4__ (excited), “you can write your book!”
“Yes,” replied the man, with little confidence, “and __5__ shall we live on while I am writing it?”
__6__ his amazement, she opened a drawer and pulled out a great amount of money.
“Where did you get that?” he asked.
“I have always known you are a man of genius,” she told him. “I knew that someday you __7__ (write) a masterpiece. __8__ every week, out of the money you gave me for housekeeping, I saved a little bit. So here is enough __9__ (last) us for one whole year.”
From her trust and confidence came __10__ of the greatest novels of American literature—The Scarlet Letter(《红字》).
（2）
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced on October 6 __1__ Chinese scientist Gao Kun (also known as Charles K. Kao), a foreign academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences won the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physics for groundbreaking achievements __2__ (concern)the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication.
Prof. Gao__3__ (recognize) internationally as the “Father of Fiber Optic Communications.” He is credited for first __4__ (public) proposing（提出） the possibility of practical telecommunications（实用电信）__5__ (use) fibers. His work provided the impetus（推动力） for serious research and __6__(develop) throughout the world on glass fiber waveguides for communications.
__7__ (bear) in Shanghai in 1933, Gao moved to Hong Kong in 1949 with his family. He obtained his Bachelor of Science degree issued by the University of London and then pursued research __8__ received his Ph. D degree in electrical engineering issued by the Imperial College London in 1965. He served __9__ the vice president of the Chinese University of Hong Kong from 1987 to 1996. In 1996, he was elected foreign academician at __10__ 8th Academician Conference of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
六、书面表达
假如你是李华。你所在的国际社区附近将要新开一家超市，请你给该超市的建筑师怀特先生写一封建议信。
建议内容如下：
1. 宽敞，减少台阶，连接轮椅通道；
2. 超市内应提供椅子供老人及不宜过多走动的人休息。
3. 货物应放在触手可及的地方，收银台（checkstand）不宜过高。
注意：词数100左右；可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
答案与解析
一、单项选择
1. B。因为是严重受伤，所以可能有残疾，因涉及到工作，应该是伤好以后的事，不涉及到“疼痛”，所以选B。inability 无能力，无才能；disability 残疾。
2. A。annoy 打搅某人；使某人烦恼。surprise 使惊奇；excite 使兴奋；delight 使高兴。
3. B。allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事。此句是被动句，句子主语与其主语补足语动词make是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动形式；不定式的动作不是在谓语动作allow之前完成，所以不用完成式。
4. D。access to sth.意为“有权使用、到某处的通道”，为习惯搭配。a way to... 表示“通往......的路”，to后接目的地。
5. C。当面表示祝贺是用“Congratulations”，注意要用复数形式；Good luck！祝你好运！Enjoy yourself！玩得愉快！Go ahead. 表示“行，去做吧”，用于允许别人去做他请求的事。
6. C。句意为“我可以肯定地说，中国将比今天更加强大，这对世界和平就会更加有利”。disabled in… 在某方面是残疾的；clumsy to… 做(某事)是笨拙的；beneficial to… 有利于；absent from… 缺席。
7. C。adapt sb. to sth.“使某人适应某物”，为固定搭配。此处指马克仍不能适应中国的风俗习惯。
8. A。考查固定短语。make progress意为“进步”，中间不加任何冠词；make a contribution to 意为“做出贡献”，中间要加不定冠词。
9. D。句意：在这两代人之间，引起误会的因素常常不是他们的年龄，而是他们所接受的教育。not...but...，表示“不是......而是......”。
10. D。从对方的谈话中可知将要在周末进行比赛，因此应祝对方好运，用“Good luck！”； congratulations用于向对方表示祝贺；cheer up（振奋点）用于鼓励、安慰对方；best wishes（最美好的祝愿）用于表示祝愿，常用于信件结尾。
11. C。句意：你不想被嘲笑，别人也同样不想。want to do sth.想要做某事，make fun of sb．变被动语态时介词of不可少。
12. C。根据后半句可知她在经济上独立了，故选C项。be independent of 不依赖。be tired of厌烦；be accustomed to 习惯于；be accessible to 可到达。
13. C。考查介词短语。句意：我妹妹很喜欢听音乐，尤其是流行音乐。in detail 详细地；in brief 简单地；in particular 尤其是；in advance 提前。
14. B。 with the assistance of... 在……的帮助下。resistance 反抗；requirement 要求；assignment 分配，任务。
15. D。句意：看完这本书你就会知道那时的劳动人民过着多么艰苦的生活。live/ lead a ... life“过着……的生活”。
二、完形填空
1．A。从此处描述的意思以及下文对他学习吉他的描述可知Gary Marcus不具备音乐方面的“天赋”，故答案A符合题意。
2．B。从下文的描述可知他学习音乐很吃力，故此处为“努力struggle”去掌握。
3．D。从上文提到的Gary Marcus没有音乐方面的天赋，联系此处的“太差”，从老师的角度seek my fortunes elsewhere可知是老师“鼓励”他去其他自己有优势的领域发展，故答案D符合题意。
4．C。从上文老师的做法并联系此处take up a career in science可知此时Gary Marcus决定“放弃”音乐。
5．A。从生活经验分析Gary Marcus已经在科学方面找到了自己的优势，这次他对音乐重新恢复兴趣，应该是在空闲时间，故此处“假期”符合题意。
6．D。从此处描述的语境可知Gary Marcus受到了视频游戏“吉他英雄”的鼓舞，这样与他学习吉他吻合，故选项D合适。
7．A。从上文提到Gary Marcus受到了视频游戏“吉他英雄”的鼓舞，对音乐的爱好又显现出来，这样肯定会拾起“吉他”，故A项符合题意。
8．B。从At first，nearly every aspect of playing the guitar...以及生活经验可知，起初他弹奏吉他肯定会是“困难的”，选项B符合题意。
9．C。此处描述的是学习吉他的情况，故选项C符合题意。
10．D。学习音位需要记下来，这样就需要人的“记忆”能力，故选项D符合题意。
11．A。从此句提到的技能方面的内容可知是针对训练者的，故有“个人方面地”，选项A符合题意。
12．C。从后面提到的…mastering the guitar would be a huge career．可知这是Gary Marcus在练习吉他的过程中的体验，他“认识到”精通吉他演奏应该当成一个大事情来做，故选项C合适。
13．B。从上文Gary Marcus对学习吉他的认识以及此句内容可知，要想学好吉他，必须投入所“需要”的精力，故选项B符合题意。
14．C。因为Marcus是科学家，而且对音乐很投入，所以想“探究”如何把音乐与自己从事的科学匹配起来，故选项C符合题意。
15．A。上文提到的Marcus对“科学”方面的研究，现在又对音乐感兴趣，但这项爱好也是很需要时间的，故此处是把两者相匹配。
16．B。此处作者描述的是Marcus对音乐的追求，想达到理解得“更好”的程度，故选B。
17．D。从此处Marcus的话看出他对音乐的想法，应该从研究、理解的角度来品味音乐，而不是被动地去听，故选项D符合题意。
18．C。从此处描述可知Marcus在2009 fall semester已经对音乐有了深刻理解，并且给“新手”作讲座，选项C合适。
19．A。从此处句意并结合下一个空可知Marcus的确喜欢教音乐，后面句子为表示让步意思的句子，故为“即使……”。
20．D。从上文可知Marcus一开始喜欢音乐但自己没有天赋而改学科学，音乐相对来说应该是近期才开始的，选项D符合题意。
三、阅读理解
本文是一个关于研究父母偏爱孩子现象的电视节目。
1．B。在倒数第一段第二句中有“20/20’s cameras showed that...”有摄像机说明这是一个电视节目，因此答案应选B。
2．C。通过第六段“parents often respond better to children who demonstrate that they need and love them”可以看出父母对表现出需要他们、爱他们的孩子会做出更好的回应，因此选C。
3．B。整篇文章讲述的是父母的偏爱行为以及孩子们对此的反应这个问题，因此接下来应该就是如何解决这个问题，B项比较符合题意。
4．A。通读全文发现Christopher和Morgan是两个参加节目家庭的孩子，因此A选项是错误的，故选A。
5．D。文章一、二段统领全文，既有家长的看法也有孩子的看法，由此可以看出全文都应围绕这一主题，故选D。
四、选词填空
1. reserve 2. access 3. analyze 4. challenging 5. feel sorry for
6. optimistic 7. make a contribution to 8. got annoyed 9. maintain 10. met with
五、语法填空
（1）
1. a。第一次提到，填a。
2. been fired。fire（解雇）与句子的主语he是被动关系，而且强调已经，所以填过去完成时的被动语态，填been fired。
3. him。surprise是及物动词，表示“使某人……惊奇”，所以后接宾格him。
4. excitedly。修饰动词said用副词excitedly。
5. what。句意：我写书时我们将靠什么生活呢？根据句意，填what，表示“什么”，作on的宾语。
6. To。to one’s amazement 使某人惊奇的是。
7. would write。因为主句谓语knew可知，宾语从句要用过去式的相关时态，由someday可知用过去将来时。
8. So。上句和此句是因果关系，填so，表示“所以”。
9.to last。enough后作接动词不定式，所以填to last。
10. one。one of the greatest novels 最伟大的小说之一。
（2）
1. that。announced后接宾语从句，因为从句完整，不缺少成分，填that。
2. concerning。concerning是介词，意为“关于”。句意：……一位中国科学院的外籍院士赢得了2009年诺贝尔物理奖，奖励他有关光学通讯中纤维光传导方面的突破性成就。
3. is recognized。recognize意为“承认，认出”，与主语Prof. Gao是被动关系。
4. publicly。public修饰动名词proposing，作其状语，所以用副词形式。
5. using。动词use带有宾语，修饰前面的名词，与名词是主动关系，所以用-ing形式。
6. development。与serious research并列，作for的宾语，所以用名词。
7. Born。be born in 出生于。因为在句中作状语，去掉be，用过去分词。
8.and。and连接两个并列动词pursued（继续从事）和received…。
9. as。as此处是介词，表示“作为”。serve as 作为……而服务。
10. the。序数词前多接定冠词the。
六、书面表达
Dear Mr. White,
I’m glad to hear that you are to be the architect of the new supermarket near our community. I hope you won’t mind me writing to ask if you have thought about the disabled customers. I wonder if you have considered the following things:
First, the entrance should be wide, the number of steps should be reduced and wheelchair access channels should be connected to the entrance. This way, people in wheelchairs and those who have difficulty walking can enter the supermarket easily.
Secondly, the supermarket should have benches, which allows elder shoppers and those who cannot walk long distance to rest.
Next, the goods should be placed where the disabled can get to them easily. Additionally, the checkstand should not be too high.
Thank you for reading my letter. I hope my suggestions will meet with your approval.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
语言积累
交际用语
1. 表示祝愿和祝贺
Congratulations! 祝贺你！
I’m very pleased for you. 我很满意。
All the best.（祝你）一切顺利！
I wish you success. 祝你成功！
I hope it goes well for you. 愿你一切顺利。
That’s wonderful/ amazing. 太好了。
Good luck! （祝你）好运！
Well done! 干得好！
I’m proud of you. 我为你骄傲。
I want to express my sincere congratulations on... 衷心祝贺你......
I’m very impressed by your performance. 你的表演给我很深印象。
2. 有礼貌地表达个人观点
I hope you will not mind...希望你不介意......
I wonder if... 我想你是否......
It would be... ......会......
It would help to ... 这样会有助于......
I’d like to suggest that... 我建议......
Perhaps there could be...也许会有......
Thank you for reading my letter. 感谢你读我的信。
I hope my suggestions will meet with your approval. 希望你能赞成这些建议。
话题语句（1）
1．有关残疾（disability）的词句：
mental disability心理缺陷，智力障碍 physical disability 生理缺陷
developmental disability 发育不良 emotional disability 情感缺陷
learning difficulty 学习困难 hearing problem 听力问题
difficulty with eyesight 视力困难 brain injury 脑损伤
loss of an arm or leg 失去了一条手臂或腿 infantile paralysis 小儿麻痹症
walking difficulty 行走困难 color blindness 色盲
sleep disorders 睡眠紊乱 depression 抑郁
2. 形容词
blind 失明的 dumb 哑的 deaf 聋的
lame 跛足的 paralyzed 瘫痪的 near-sighted 近视的
weak-sighted 弱视的 sighted 看得见的 hearing-impaired 听力损伤的
the disabled = disabled people 残障人士，残疾人 able-bodied people 体格健全的
3. 辅助设施
braille 盲文 guide dog ?导盲犬 hearing aid 助听器
walking frame 辅助行走器 walking stick 拐杖 hand rails 扶手
wheelchair 轮椅 sign language 手语
4. 有关“残疾”的描述
Disabilities can be visible or invisible. 残疾可以是可见的或不可见的。
People with invisible disabilities don’t look disabled. 有不可见的残疾的人外表看不出残疾。
Depression, sleep disorders and learning difficulty are invisible disabilities.
抑郁、睡眠紊乱和学习障碍都是不可见的残疾。
Symptoms 症状:
weak and can’t run or climb stairs as quickly as others 虚弱，不能像别人一样跑或爬楼梯
clumsy and drop things or bump into furniture 笨拙，拿不牢东西，磕碰到家具
get out of breath after running just a short way 跑一小段路就上气不接下气
have to stop half way up the stairs and rest before getting up to the top
还没到顶楼，刚爬到一半就不得不停下来休息
too weak to go to school 过于虚弱不能上学
话题语句（2）
1. 有关“自强不息”
learn to adapt to my disability 学会适应残疾
overcome the difficulties 战胜困难
make a contribution to the society 为社会做贡献
never feel sorry for himself 从不为自己伤心/遗憾
live as rich and full a life as you do 尽可能和你一样过得丰富而充实
To live one day at a time. 活一天算一天（at a time 每次，在某时）
We can achieve whatever we decide to do. 我们决定做的事就会做成。
Disability has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more independent.
残疾帮助我在心理上更坚强，变得很独立。
2. What spirits and characteristics make the disabled successful?
是什么精神和特点让残疾人成功的？
a strong will 坚强的意志 determination 决心
perseverance 毅力 challenge 挑战
live a meaning life 过有意义的生活 optimistic 乐观的
3. 有关“了解”和“帮助”：
get some extra help in their everyday activities 日常生活中给予额外帮助
give them the chance to share their stories with others 提供与他人分享经历的机会
understand more about how challenging life can be for people with disabilities
了解更多残疾人生活的挑战性
give them encouragement 给他们鼓励
do not feel sorry for the disabled or make fun of them but accept them
不要可怜残疾人或取笑他们，而是接受他们
（not... but 不是......，而是......；or用于否定句中表示并列）
don’t ignore them 不要不理（忽视）他们
allow the disabled individual a chance to maintain dignity 允许残疾人有机会保持尊严
be patient with people with disabilities 耐心对待残疾人
We shouldn’t get annoyed just because they are slow. 不因他们慢就生气。
We shouldn’t feel sorry for them. That might hurt them.
我们不应该可怜他们，那会伤害他们。
4. 保障设施
adequate access for wheelchairs 足够的轮椅通道
earphones for people who have trouble hearing 为有听力困难的人提供的耳机
They need places with a slope and not a step off the pavement, so they can move a wheelchair easily from pavement to road. 他们需要下人行道时有斜坡而不是台阶的地方，他们可以很容易地把轮椅驶下人行道进入马路。
lifts to upper floors 上楼的电梯
bring guide dogs into a shop带导盲犬进入商店
guide rails to help blind people find their way around/in a store
商店周边/里帮助盲人的盲道
spaces specially reserved for disabled and elderly drivers
专门为残疾司机和老年司机安排的地方（空间）
话题语句（3）
【Living well 语言应用】
Tips to help a disabled stranger in public
We’ve all seen the elderly man with his walker struggling to make it to his car or the woman in the wheelchair desperately trying to cross a busy street on her own. We may wish to help, but for fear of being offensive or even putting ourselves in danger, we resist. However, there are general steps that can be taken to ensure that your aiding a neighbor is both safe and welcome.
注释：
1. We’ve all seen the elderly man with his walker struggling to make it to his car...
我们见过用助行车（walker）的老人努力推着车走向他的汽车......（it指代his walker）
2. for fear of 害怕 3. offensive 攻击的，讨厌的
4. resist 抵抗，对抗
Tip #1: Ask yourself if this person truly needs your help.
Individuals with limited mobility grasp their limitations, and they are fully aware of what they can and cannot handle when they venture out on their own. As such, be careful to analyze the true need before offering what may be an unwelcome hand. If a person is truly in distress, you’ll know. Otherwise, give the situation a moment or two and allow the disabled individual a chance to maintain dignity.
注释：
1. mobility 活动性，能动性 2. grasp their limitations 明白他们的局限性
3. venture 冒险，敢于 4. as such 同样地
5. distress 困难，危难（常用词可以是trouble）
Tip #2: Register any lack of eye contact.
When we need help, our first reaction is generally to scan our immediate surroundings for any willing volunteers. If a disabled person appears to be in distress and is looking around, namely at you, in an attempt to make eye contact, you may be needed for assistance. On the other hand, if you find yourself running down a person “in need” who is facing away from you, you may find yourself receiving a mixed reaction for your “generosity”.
注释：register 注意到 scan 细看，审视 immediate 最接近的
Tip #3: Be quiet about it.
If you are certain that a disabled stranger is in need of your help, try not to attract unwanted attention to that individual and their condition. Placing yourself in their position, and understanding that bringing even more attention upon an unfortunate physical ailment, may help curb any unnecessary enthusiasm.
注释：ailment 疾病（尤指慢性病） curb 抑制
Tip #4: Check the disabled for your own safety.
Being disabled does not prevent a total stranger from being hostile, or even dangerous. Just as you would be cautious of anyone you aren’t familiar with, so should you be wary of helping someone disabled who does not appear receptive of such a social encounter.
注释：
1. hostile怀有敌意的 wary 谨慎的 receptive 愿意接受的 encounter 遭遇，偶遇
2. ... so should you be wary of helping someone disabled who does not appear receptive of such a social encounter.
此句是倒装句，表示“也”的so位于句首，主谓部分倒装。句意：......你们也应该谨慎地帮助似乎不愿意接受这样的社交接触的残疾人。
Tip #5: Help those only within a reasonable closeness.
Of course, this tip is generalized. If a disabled individual has fallen within your scope of vision, helping is understandable. However, rushing across the grocery store parking lot to help a disabled person with a task may cause alarm and fear. Just as you wouldn’t wish for a total stranger to approach you from a great distance without obvious cause, a disabled individual may not wish to be chased down.
注释：scope （处理的）范围 chase 追逐
Tip #6: Upon helping a disabled stranger, speak respectfully and briefly.
Again, maintaining dignity for the other person is essential to truly being helpful to your neighbor. Asking about the details of a disability is not in your best interest, nor is such behavior respectful of one’s privacy.
Imagine yourself suffering from a physical disability for a moment. Again, the above tips are generalized and are meant to ensure not only your safety but also that your aid is welcome and needed. With these guidelines in mind, however, using your own judgment when helping out a disabled stranger in public is always best. ■
话题语句（4）
有用的句子----- 试试你会了吗？
1）今年，她很骄傲参加了比赛，打破了两圈（800米）比赛的记录。
She is proud _______________ competitions and ______________ by running two ______ (800 metres) this year.
2）他让人把问题读给他，然后口授把答案输入一台专门的机器中。
He ___________________ to him and used _________ to give his answers into a special machine.
3) 他课后上唱歌和舞蹈课。
He ____________________ after school.
4）说实在的，我过去常常梦想我会成为职业球员，代表我的国家参加世界杯足球赛。
In fact, I used to dream about ________________ and possibly _________________ in the World Cup.
5) 去年我开发了一个电脑足球游戏。
Last year I ______________.
6) 我生活很充实，没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。
I have a very busy life with ______________________________.
7）照顾好宠物花了很多时间，但是我觉得很值。
To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time but I______________.
8) 身体残疾并不意味着生活不美满。
________________ does not mean your life is not __________.
9）安装通往影剧院各处的电梯会很方便。
It would be _____________________ all parts of the cinema.
10) 这样可以使那些听力有缺陷的观众和那些听力正常的朋友坐在一起欣赏，而不是让前者坐在一个特定的区域。
This would ____________________________ enjoy _____________ their __________ friends ___________having to sit in a special area.
11）在影剧院入口处的附近安排厕所会让残疾人感觉更方便。
For _____________, it would be _________________ place the toilets near the entrance to the cinema.
12) 希望您能赞成我的建议。
I hope my ______________________________.
13) 残疾人应当和健全人有同样的机会来欣赏电影，同时能保持自己的尊严。
Disabled people should have the same __________________the cinema and ___________.
14）电影院老板也会高兴，因为有更多的人能够去看电影了，他们就能赚更多的钱了。
It will also ______ the cinema owners _______ if more people go as they will _____ _______.
参考答案：
1) to have taken part in; to have broken a record; laps (不定式动作在is proud之前，用完成式)
2）had the questions read; dictation (have sth. done 使某事被做；dictation 听写，口授)
3) takes singing and dancing lessons
4) playing professional football; representing my country (about后两个并列动词-ing形式)
5) invented a computer football game
6) no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself
7) find it worthwhile
8) Having a disability; satisfying
9) handy to have lifts to （handy 方便的，手边的，附近的）
10) allow hearing-impaired customers to; the company（陪伴）of; hearing; rather than (而不是)
11) disabled customers; more convenient to
12) suggestions will meet with your approval
13) opportunities as able-bodied people to enjoy; to do so with dignity (有尊严地)
（注意“opportunity to do sth.”表示做某事的机会）
14) make; happy; make higher profits (利润)
写作运用
话题有关的建议信
建议信是对收信人就某一问题提出看法、建议或忠告，不同于投诉信，所以写信人一定要注意礼貌。
建议信一般包括：
1. 自我介绍，说明写信的目的；
2. 肯定优点的基础上较为委婉地提出建议或看法；
3. 表达希望对方采纳建议的愿望：礼貌地总结或期盼回复。
另外，我们已经在以前的学习中涉及到各种信件的写作，同学们可以参考。
常用句型
礼貌地提出要求
I hope you will not mind me writing to ask … 希望你不要介意我写信请求.......
It would be handy to have lifts… 有电梯会很方便......
It would help to fit sets of … 安装成套的......会有帮助。
I’d like to suggest that… 我想建议......
I hope my suggestions will … 希望我的建议会......
I would like to take the opportunity to express my appreciation for your kind assistance as always.
我想借此机会表达我对你们一如既往的善意帮助的感激之情。
I feel that it would be beneficial to express views concerning...
我觉得表达有关......的观点会有好处。
In first place... I would also recommend ... Last but not least...
首先...... 我也会推荐...... 最后但是同样重要......
I hope that you take my suggestions into serious consideration
我希望你们会认真考虑我的建议。
I am looking forward to your reply. 期待着你们的回复。
写作范文
Example 1
假如你们学校附近要建一座新超市，考虑到现在的超市残疾人去都不够方便，你要给新超市的建筑师史密斯先生写一封信，对方便残疾人的方法提出建议。
参考范文：
Dear Mr. Smith,
I read in the newspaper that you are the architect who is to design the new supermarket in our suburb. I am writing to ask you to consider the matter of easy use of the supermarket by people in wheelchairs. In particular, I would like you to consider the following things:
1. Width of aisles. Can you please make sure that the aisles are wide enough to allow wheelchairs to pass through? In some supermarkets the aisles are so narrow that a person in a wheelchair cannot move along them easily.
2. Height of shelves. Can you please design shelves that can be reached by people in wheelchairs? In some supermarkets people in wheelchairs have to ask other shoppers to help them. This takes away their independence.
3. Lifts to other floors. Lifts could be in places that people in wheelchairs can get to easily. It is very difficult if lifts are right at the back of the shop and people have to go up and down the shelves before they get to it.
4. Car parks. I hope you will leave some car spaces close to the front of the shop for people in wheelchairs. It is very difficult if they have to park a long way away from the shop and wheel themselves over rough ground to the entrance.
Thank you for reading my letter. I hope you will consider my suggestions. Disabled people should have the same opportunities as able-bodied people to shop independently and they should be able to do so with dignity. I am sure many people will admire your supermarket if you design it with good access for disabled people. The supermarket owners will also be happy as more people will be able to shop there.
Yours sincerely,
Julia
注释：...people have to go up and down the shelves before they get to it. 人们必须走过货架才能到达电梯。（up and down the shelves 在货架中走来走去）
Example 2
据报道，7岁的美国女孩Amy Bruce得知自己身患肺癌后处于极度的痛苦之中。美国抗癌协会（ACS）决定，每当Amy收到一封慰问信，就给她增加三美分的治疗款。
假如你是新华中学的李华，请用英语给Amy写一封慰问信。
主要内容：
自我简介——得知的情况——表示鼓励——打算为她做什么——祝她早日康复
参考范文：
Dear Amy,
I am Li Hua, a student from Xinhua Middle School. I’m writing to you because I wish to become your good friend.
I am very sorry to have learnt that you’re in deep sorrow because of lung cancer. My dear friend, as we all know, cancer is no longer a disease which can’t be cured of. With the development of modern science, it will be conquered by us human beings. Besides, there are a lot of people in this world caring about you. ACS in your country has decided to add three cents to your treatment whenever you receive a letter. I will tell all my friends, schoolmates and relatives about your situation and they’ll write to you soon. Don’t lose heart and cheer up! We are all with you to fight against the disease.
I do hope you’re picking up soon.
Best wishes to you!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
巩固练习
一、单项选择
1. He was severely injured in the war and his __________ prevented him from holding any job.
A. inability B. disability C. hurt D. pain
2．It ________ me that she just expects us to help，but I have so many things to do today.
A．annoys B．surprises C．excites D．delights
3. Energy drinks are not allowed _______ in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand.
A. to make B. to be made C. to have been made D. to be making
4．Over two thirds of the population were believed to have no ________ to the health care in the west rural areas in China.
A．aid B．way C．belief D．access
5. ---I’ve just passed my driving test!
---________________!
A. Good luck B. Enjoy yourself C. Congratulations D. Go ahead
6．Then，I am sure，China will be more powerful than it is today，and that will be ___________ the world peace．
A．disabled in B．clumsy to C．beneficial to D．absent from
7．Even though he has lived in China for many years，Mark still cannot ________ himself to the Chinese customs.
A．fit B．adopt C．adapt D．account
8. China’s economic development has made ______ rapid progress in the past 20 years and young people have made ______ great contribution to this progress.
A．/; a B．the; / C．a; a D．/; /
9. Between the two generations, it is often not their age，________their education that causes misunderstanding.
A．like B．as C．or D．but
10．—Mike，our team will play against the Rockets this weekend. I’m sure we will win.
—________！
A．Congratulations B．Cheer up C．Best wishes D．Good luck
11. You don’t want _______________ and neither do others.
A. to make fun of B. making fun of C. to be made fun of D. being made fun of
12．Jane became_______________ her parents because she could make a living by selling newspapers．
A．tired of B．accustomed to C．independent of D．accessible to
13. My younger sister enjoys listening to music very much, with pop music __________.
A. in detail B. in brief C. in particular D. in advance
14. Johnson managed to go to England to study medicine with the __________ of his uncle.
A. resistance B. assistance C. requirement D. assignment
15．You will have an idea of what a hard life the working people ________ at that time after you read the book.
A．enjoyed B．shared C．managed D．lived
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～20各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
When NYU psychology professor Gary Marcus was a child，he loved music．Marcus，however was not musically 1 ．He tried to learn to play the recorder，but 2 to master the simple tune of “Mary Had a Little Lamb”．
“I was so bad that my teacher 3 me to seek my fortunes elsewhere.” he said．
Marcus eventually decided to 4 music and take up a career in science．Three years ago while on 5 ，his lifelong love of music reappeared． 6 by the video game “Guitar Hero.” Marcus picked up a 7 for the first time．
At first，nearly every aspect of playing the guitar was 8 for him．Though music theory came naturally，he noted that 9 the notes on the guitar’s fret board(指板) was demanding of the human 10 ．
“Then there’s an issue of skills for me 11 and a big issue of rhythm．” Marcus said．“I had to struggle quite a bit to be able to just play notes in time．”
Marcus soon 12 that mastering the guitar would be a huge career．
“In order to give it the attention it 13 ，I had to really make it a part of my life．”he said．
Marcus began 14 music knowledge to match his interest in music with 15 ．
“As a scientist．I wanted to understand music 16 ，”he said．“I didn’t want to just be a 17 listener．”
During the 2009 fall semester，Marcus began teaching a 18 honors lecture called Guitar Heroes(and Heroines)．
“I really like teaching music 19 it’s something that’s only entered in my life 20 recently．”he said．
1．A．gifted B．presented C．astonished D．ashamed
2．A．preferred B．struggled C．fought D．managed
3．A．praised B．criticized C．blamed D．encouraged
4．A．refuse B．reject C．abandon D．ignore
5．A．vacation B．time C．purpose D．duty
6．A．Satisfied B．Excited C．Shocked D．Inspired
7．A．guitar B．photo C．job D．interest
8．A．impossible B．difficult C．necessary D．important
9．A．remembering B．protecting C．learning D．writing
10．A．energy B．spirit C．force D．memory
11．A．personally B．generally C．alternatively D．naturally
12．A．felt B．guessed C．realized D．imagined
13．A．indicated B．required C．downloaded D．hesitated
14．A．questioning B．aiming C．researching D．planning
15．A．science B．art C．music D．body
16．A．easer B．better C．well D．clearer
17．A．stubborn B．typical C．devotional D．passive
18．A．doctor B．teacher C．freshman D．scientist
19．A．even though B．as though C．only if D．as if
20．A．especially B．basically C．usually D．relatively
三、阅读理解
Parents Often Favor One Child Over Another
Although parents’ first reaction is usually to deny favoring one child over another，most parents end up admitting that they do，according to Dr. Kenneth Hardy，a family therapist and director of trauma and families at the Ackerman Institute for the Family in New York City．“All parents have favorites，”he believes．
Hardy says the children are often aware of it，too．“If you ask two siblings which one is the favorite and both point to themselves，there’s no problem，”he says．“If both kids point one way，you know you have a problem.”
The Ely boys didn’t hesitate when asked whether their mother favors Chris．Both boys nodded．“It’s kind of like she doesn’t love me，”Jamie started to say，then corrected himself．“She does love me，but she，like，favors Chris more，but kind of forgets about me.”
Their mother said she loves both boys，but sometimes finds that Jamie’s complaining can make her not like him．“I don’t think with Christopher I ever have that same feeling.”
She also said she finds Chris more affectionate．When she kisses Jamie while he is asleep in bed，she says he seems to rub off her kisses，while Chris “nuzzles,” she said．“I think you can just get closer to a more affectionate child．”
Hardy，who watched the tapes and talked to the families，said parents often respond better to children who demonstrate that they need and love them．
Like the other mothers，Dianne Ely said she felt guilty when she realized how much she was favoring one of her children“I thought，God，this is just not right to treat your children differently.”
Like Jamie，Morgan Johnson is aware that she is not the favorite in her family．20/20’s cameras showed that when Sandy is criticizing Morgan，Hannah often joins in，siding with her mother against her sister．“They don’t like me that much，” Morgan said，adding that it doesn’t make her feel angry，but，“It makes me feel sad.”
1．What’s the type of this passage?
A．A piece of news． B．A TV program． C．A novel． D．An essay．
2．We can learn from the passage that _______．
A．all the parents finally admit that they favor one child
B．children less notices that parents favor one child
C．parents often response better to the child who perform more need and love
D．children were angry when they find parents favor one child
3．What will the author write in the following part?
A．An argument between parents and children．
B．How to deal with the prejudice．
C．A new tendency between parents and children’s relationship．
D．What will happen if parents favor one child．
4．Which of the following statements is not correct?
A．Christopher is Morgan’s son,
B．Dianne Ely love Jamine less than Chris．
C．Hardy is a doctor of psychology in New York City．
D．Morgan is the least loved child in her family．
5．What’s the main idea of this passage?
A．Parents deny they favor one child over another，but kids feel it．
B．A generation gap between parents and kids．
C．A strange social phenomenon．
D．A program on whether parents favor one child and whether kids can feel it．
四、选词填空。
meet with, access, feel sorry for, optimistic, challenging
get annoyed, make a contribution to, reserve, analyze, maintain
1. I’d like to ________ a table for three for eight o’clock.
2. Only a few people have ________ to the full facts of the incident.
3. Let’s ________ the problem and see what went wrong.
4. Learning to manage stress is a ________ life skill.
5. I ________ anyone who has to drive in this sort of weather.
6. Being ________ means being hopeful about the future and the success of something in particular.
7. I think everyone should ________ protecting the environment.
8. I ________ when I knew that everyone except me in our class was invited to the party.
9. We must ________ friendly relations with them. After all, they are your family.
10. I sometimes ________ such fish in the market when I lived in Qingdao.
五、语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在标有1～10的空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
（1）
Most successful men have the experience of suffering from failure and discouragement. Had it not been for __1__ confident wife, Sophia, we might not have listed the name of Nathaniel Hawthorne among the great names of literature. When Nathaniel, a heartbroken man, went home to tell his wife that he was a failure and had __2__ (fire) from his job in a customhouse, she surprised __3__ with a cry of joy.
“Now,” she said __4__ (excited), “you can write your book!”
“Yes,” replied the man, with little confidence, “and __5__ shall we live on while I am writing it?”
__6__ his amazement, she opened a drawer and pulled out a great amount of money.
“Where did you get that?” he asked.
“I have always known you are a man of genius,” she told him. “I knew that someday you __7__ (write) a masterpiece. __8__ every week, out of the money you gave me for housekeeping, I saved a little bit. So here is enough __9__ (last) us for one whole year.”
From her trust and confidence came __10__ of the greatest novels of American literature—The Scarlet Letter(《红字》).
（2）
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced on October 6 __1__ Chinese scientist Gao Kun (also known as Charles K. Kao), a foreign academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences won the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physics for groundbreaking achievements __2__ (concern)the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication.
Prof. Gao__3__ (recognize) internationally as the “Father of Fiber Optic Communications.” He is credited for first __4__ (public) proposing（提出） the possibility of practical telecommunications（实用电信）__5__ (use) fibers. His work provided the impetus（推动力） for serious research and __6__(develop) throughout the world on glass fiber waveguides for communications.
__7__ (bear) in Shanghai in 1933, Gao moved to Hong Kong in 1949 with his family. He obtained his Bachelor of Science degree issued by the University of London and then pursued research __8__ received his Ph. D degree in electrical engineering issued by the Imperial College London in 1965. He served __9__ the vice president of the Chinese University of Hong Kong from 1987 to 1996. In 1996, he was elected foreign academician at __10__ 8th Academician Conference of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
六、书面表达
假如你是李华。你所在的国际社区附近将要新开一家超市，请你给该超市的建筑师怀特先生写一封建议信。
建议内容如下：
1. 宽敞，减少台阶，连接轮椅通道；
2. 超市内应提供椅子供老人及不宜过多走动的人休息。
3. 货物应放在触手可及的地方，收银台（checkstand）不宜过高。
注意：词数100左右；可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
答案与解析
一、单项选择
1. B。因为是严重受伤，所以可能有残疾，因涉及到工作，应该是伤好以后的事，不涉及到“疼痛”，所以选B。inability 无能力，无才能；disability 残疾。
2. A。annoy 打搅某人；使某人烦恼。surprise 使惊奇；excite 使兴奋；delight 使高兴。
3. B。allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事。此句是被动句，句子主语与其主语补足语动词make是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动形式；不定式的动作不是在谓语动作allow之前完成，所以不用完成式。
4. D。access to sth.意为“有权使用、到某处的通道”，为习惯搭配。a way to... 表示“通往......的路”，to后接目的地。
5. C。当面表示祝贺是用“Congratulations”，注意要用复数形式；Good luck！祝你好运！Enjoy yourself！玩得愉快！Go ahead. 表示“行，去做吧”，用于允许别人去做他请求的事。
6. C。句意为“我可以肯定地说，中国将比今天更加强大，这对世界和平就会更加有利”。disabled in… 在某方面是残疾的；clumsy to… 做(某事)是笨拙的；beneficial to… 有利于；absent from… 缺席。
7. C。adapt sb. to sth.“使某人适应某物”，为固定搭配。此处指马克仍不能适应中国的风俗习惯。
8. A。考查固定短语。make progress意为“进步”，中间不加任何冠词；make a contribution to 意为“做出贡献”，中间要加不定冠词。
9. D。句意：在这两代人之间，引起误会的因素常常不是他们的年龄，而是他们所接受的教育。not...but...，表示“不是......而是......”。
10. D。从对方的谈话中可知将要在周末进行比赛，因此应祝对方好运，用“Good luck！”； congratulations用于向对方表示祝贺；cheer up（振奋点）用于鼓励、安慰对方；best wishes（最美好的祝愿）用于表示祝愿，常用于信件结尾。
11. C。句意：你不想被嘲笑，别人也同样不想。want to do sth.想要做某事，make fun of sb．变被动语态时介词of不可少。
12. C。根据后半句可知她在经济上独立了，故选C项。be independent of 不依赖。be tired of厌烦；be accustomed to 习惯于；be accessible to 可到达。
13. C。考查介词短语。句意：我妹妹很喜欢听音乐，尤其是流行音乐。in detail 详细地；in brief 简单地；in particular 尤其是；in advance 提前。
14. B。 with the assistance of... 在……的帮助下。resistance 反抗；requirement 要求；assignment 分配，任务。
15. D。句意：看完这本书你就会知道那时的劳动人民过着多么艰苦的生活。live/ lead a ... life“过着……的生活”。
二、完形填空
1．A。从此处描述的意思以及下文对他学习吉他的描述可知Gary Marcus不具备音乐方面的“天赋”，故答案A符合题意。
2．B。从下文的描述可知他学习音乐很吃力，故此处为“努力struggle”去掌握。
3．D。从上文提到的Gary Marcus没有音乐方面的天赋，联系此处的“太差”，从老师的角度seek my fortunes elsewhere可知是老师“鼓励”他去其他自己有优势的领域发展，故答案D符合题意。
4．C。从上文老师的做法并联系此处take up a career in science可知此时Gary Marcus决定“放弃”音乐。
5．A。从生活经验分析Gary Marcus已经在科学方面找到了自己的优势，这次他对音乐重新恢复兴趣，应该是在空闲时间，故此处“假期”符合题意。
6．D。从此处描述的语境可知Gary Marcus受到了视频游戏“吉他英雄”的鼓舞，这样与他学习吉他吻合，故选项D合适。
7．A。从上文提到Gary Marcus受到了视频游戏“吉他英雄”的鼓舞，对音乐的爱好又显现出来，这样肯定会拾起“吉他”，故A项符合题意。
8．B。从At first，nearly every aspect of playing the guitar...以及生活经验可知，起初他弹奏吉他肯定会是“困难的”，选项B符合题意。
9．C。此处描述的是学习吉他的情况，故选项C符合题意。
10．D。学习音位需要记下来，这样就需要人的“记忆”能力，故选项D符合题意。
11．A。从此句提到的技能方面的内容可知是针对训练者的，故有“个人方面地”，选项A符合题意。
12．C。从后面提到的…mastering the guitar would be a huge career．可知这是Gary Marcus在练习吉他的过程中的体验，他“认识到”精通吉他演奏应该当成一个大事情来做，故选项C合适。
13．B。从上文Gary Marcus对学习吉他的认识以及此句内容可知，要想学好吉他，必须投入所“需要”的精力，故选项B符合题意。
14．C。因为Marcus是科学家，而且对音乐很投入，所以想“探究”如何把音乐与自己从事的科学匹配起来，故选项C符合题意。
15．A。上文提到的Marcus对“科学”方面的研究，现在又对音乐感兴趣，但这项爱好也是很需要时间的，故此处是把两者相匹配。
16．B。此处作者描述的是Marcus对音乐的追求，想达到理解得“更好”的程度，故选B。
17．D。从此处Marcus的话看出他对音乐的想法，应该从研究、理解的角度来品味音乐，而不是被动地去听，故选项D符合题意。
18．C。从此处描述可知Marcus在2009 fall semester已经对音乐有了深刻理解，并且给“新手”作讲座，选项C合适。
19．A。从此处句意并结合下一个空可知Marcus的确喜欢教音乐，后面句子为表示让步意思的句子，故为“即使……”。
20．D。从上文可知Marcus一开始喜欢音乐但自己没有天赋而改学科学，音乐相对来说应该是近期才开始的，选项D符合题意。
三、阅读理解
本文是一个关于研究父母偏爱孩子现象的电视节目。
1．B。在倒数第一段第二句中有“20/20’s cameras showed that...”有摄像机说明这是一个电视节目，因此答案应选B。
2．C。通过第六段“parents often respond better to children who demonstrate that they need and love them”可以看出父母对表现出需要他们、爱他们的孩子会做出更好的回应，因此选C。
3．B。整篇文章讲述的是父母的偏爱行为以及孩子们对此的反应这个问题，因此接下来应该就是如何解决这个问题，B项比较符合题意。
4．A。通读全文发现Christopher和Morgan是两个参加节目家庭的孩子，因此A选项是错误的，故选A。
5．D。文章一、二段统领全文，既有家长的看法也有孩子的看法，由此可以看出全文都应围绕这一主题，故选D。
四、选词填空
1. reserve 2. access 3. analyze 4. challenging 5. feel sorry for
6. optimistic 7. make a contribution to 8. got annoyed 9. maintain 10. met with
五、语法填空
（1）
1. a。第一次提到，填a。
2. been fired。fire（解雇）与句子的主语he是被动关系，而且强调已经，所以填过去完成时的被动语态，填been fired。
3. him。surprise是及物动词，表示“使某人……惊奇”，所以后接宾格him。
4. excitedly。修饰动词said用副词excitedly。
5. what。句意：我写书时我们将靠什么生活呢？根据句意，填what，表示“什么”，作on的宾语。
6. To。to one’s amazement 使某人惊奇的是。
7. would write。因为主句谓语knew可知，宾语从句要用过去式的相关时态，由someday可知用过去将来时。
8. So。上句和此句是因果关系，填so，表示“所以”。
9.to last。enough后作接动词不定式，所以填to last。
10. one。one of the greatest novels 最伟大的小说之一。
（2）
1. that。announced后接宾语从句，因为从句完整，不缺少成分，填that。
2. concerning。concerning是介词，意为“关于”。句意：……一位中国科学院的外籍院士赢得了2009年诺贝尔物理奖，奖励他有关光学通讯中纤维光传导方面的突破性成就。
3. is recognized。recognize意为“承认，认出”，与主语Prof. Gao是被动关系。
4. publicly。public修饰动名词proposing，作其状语，所以用副词形式。
5. using。动词use带有宾语，修饰前面的名词，与名词是主动关系，所以用-ing形式。
6. development。与serious research并列，作for的宾语，所以用名词。
7. Born。be born in 出生于。因为在句中作状语，去掉be，用过去分词。
8.and。and连接两个并列动词pursued（继续从事）和received…。
9. as。as此处是介词，表示“作为”。serve as 作为……而服务。
10. the。序数词前多接定冠词the。
六、书面表达
Dear Mr. White,
I’m glad to hear that you are to be the architect of the new supermarket near our community. I hope you won’t mind me writing to ask if you have thought about the disabled customers. I wonder if you have considered the following things:
First, the entrance should be wide, the number of steps should be reduced and wheelchair access channels should be connected to the entrance. This way, people in wheelchairs and those who have difficulty walking can enter the supermarket easily.
Secondly, the supermarket should have benches, which allows elder shoppers and those who cannot walk long distance to rest.
Next, the goods should be placed where the disabled can get to them easily. Additionally, the checkstand should not be too high.
Thank you for reading my letter. I hope my suggestions will meet with your approval.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua