（人教版）高中英语选修七同步练习，补习资料：Unit 2 Robots话题语言应用——“机器人及科幻文学作品”写作练习
文档属性
| 名称 | （人教版）高中英语选修七同步练习，补习资料：Unit 2 Robots话题语言应用——“机器人及科幻文学作品”写作练习 |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 55.1KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-08-16 20:18:20 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
话题语言应用——机器人及科幻文学作品
语言积累
交际用语
表示推测与确信：
I think / don’t think... 我认为/认为...不...
I believe / don’t believe...我相信/不相信......
I guess/ suppose... 我猜想...
I wonder ... 我想知道/ 我奇怪......
Maybe ... 也许......
It must have ... 它一定已经......
Is it possible that...? ......是可能的吗？
It could be that ... 可能......
Could it be that...？ ......可能吗?
It is possible/impossible... ....是(不)可能的。
It is most likely/unlikely ... 最有/不可能......
There is a belief that... 有人相信......
Are you sure that...? 你确信......吗?
I am sure/ positive that ... 我确信/肯定......
话题语句（1）
1． 有关机器人（robot）的词句：
A robot is a machine designed to do jobs that are usually performed by humans. Robots are programmed and controlled by a computer. 机器人是被设计来做经常由人来做的工作的机器。机器人被计算机编上程序并加以控制。
rebuild a robot 重新组装/设置机器人
Asimov’s Laws For Robots（阿西莫夫机器人定律）
First Law: A robot must not injure human beings or allow them to be injured.
Second Law: A robot must obey the orders given to it by human beings (as long as human beings are not injured).
Third Law: A robot must protect its own existence (as long as human beings are not injured; and as long as the robot does not disobey the human beings).
阿西莫夫机器人三定律
一、机器人不得伤害人类，或看到人类受到伤害而袖手旁观；
二、在不违反第一定律的前提下，机器人必须绝对服从人类给与的任何命令；
三、在不违反第一定律和第二定律的前提下, 机器人必须尽力保护自己。
Types of robots:
agricultural robots 农用机器人 industrial robots 工业机器人
household robots 家用机器人 domestic robots家用机器人
entertainment robots 娱乐机器人
What can robots do?
play music 演奏音乐 pour tea 倒茶
sweep the floor 擦地 do the laundry 洗衣服
iron shirts 熨烫衬衫 make the bed 铺床
cook dinner 做饭 wash the dishes 洗盘子
play with children 和孩子们玩 do all the housework 做所有的家务
rescue work 救援工作 help me with my homework 帮我写作业
serve/ take care of human 为人类服务/照顾人类（注意serve直接接宾语，不需加for）
accompany old people to the shops 陪伴老人去商店
help people out of trouble 帮人们摆脱困难
explore dangerous places, like the sea and outer space
探测像大海和外部空间那样的危险的地方
prevent children from being harmed 防止孩子受伤害
The robot can be a teacher. It knows everything and remembers everything well.
机器人可以做老师，它知道一切，记得住一切。
The robot is clever enough to solve all kinds of problems.
机器人很聪明，能解决所有的问题。
话题语句（2）
有关机器人的讨论：
1. If you had a robot, what would you like him to do? 如果你有个机器人，你想让他做什么？
2. Do you think robots can take the place of human? Why? 你认为机器人能代替人类吗？为什么？
3. It is terrible that we can’t tell the difference between a real man and a robot.
我们分辨不出人和机器人会很可怕的。
4. Do you think it is possible for a robot to
have feelings?
think for itself?
have its own needs and desires?
look and feel like a human being?
你认为机器人可能有感情/自己思考/有自己的需求和欲望/看起来或感觉像人吗？
5. People will be relieved（解脱，免除）from doing household cleaning or cooking. Robots will be able to rebuild and decorate （装饰）the home and design and do gardening（整理花园）. People will be free to work or enjoy their leisure（悠闲）time.
6. cartoons that include robots as characters 人物是机器人的动画片
science fiction 科学幻想小说 literature 文学，文学作品 films/ movie 电影
video games 视频游戏 TV shows 电视节目 mystery stories 神秘故事
Science fiction is often based on scientific principles and technology.
科学幻想小说经常以科学原理和技术为基础。
Science fiction may make predictions about life in the future.
科学幻想小说可能会对未来的生活做出预测。
话题语句（3）
【Robot 语言应用---Movie robots】
Movie robots
No. 1 The Terminator 终结者
When: 1984
In the fictional Terminator universe, the Terminator is a formidable robotic assassin and soldier, designed by the military supercomputer. It can speak naturally, copy the voices of others, read human handwriting, and even genuinely sweat, smell, and bleed.
注释：
fictional 小说的 formidable令人畏惧的 robotic 机器人的，机器人学 assassin 刺客
genuinely 真正的
NO.2 Short Circuit霹雳五号
When: 1986
Johnny 5 is the fictional robotic star of the movies Short Circuit. He is a former military robot with intelligence by a lightning bolt（晴天霹雳）, and is considered to be alive, as he has emotions and is self-aware. Johnny 5 is very curious and inquisitive(好奇的), but he is especially fond of books and television. He is very intelligent and inventive with an encyclopedic knowledge, but can be quite na?ve(幼稚的) and child-like at times and can be too eager to trust people that he shouldn’t.
注意：
1. with intelligence 有智力的
2. at times 有时，偶然
3. too eager to do 非常急于/渴望做（无否定含义）
4. intelligent 智能的 inventive有发明才能的 encyclopedic 如百科全书的
No. 3 ROBOCOP 机器战警
When: 1987
A terminally（致命的）wounded police officer is brought back to life as a super human/machine cyborg （半机械人）used to clean up the crime-ridden streets of a futuristic Detroit. Throughout the film, RoboCop is haunted （受困扰） by the memories of his painful past.
注意：used to do 被用来做 clean up 清理 futuristic 未来派的
No. 4 The Iron Giant钢铁巨人
When: 1999
The film tells the story of a lonely boy raised by his single mother, discovering a giant amnesiac（记忆缺失的）“iron man” that fell from space. Hogarth has to stop a military force and an egotistical（任性的）federal agent from finding and destroying the Giant out of paranoia（偏执狂）.
No.5 A.I.: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 人工智能
When: 2001
It is about a robot child who wants to be “real.” David, an android（机器人）who looks just like a human boy, is uniquely programmed with the ability to love.
No. 6 I, ROBOT机械公敌
When: 2004
In the not so distant future, (2035), a detective, who dislikes the rapid advancement of technology, investigates a crime that may have been caused by a robot.
No.7 WALL-E 机器人总动员
When: 2008
Disney and Pixar’s animated film centers around a cute robot named Wall-E, designed to clean up the waste that covers the Earth in the future. He falls in love with another robot named?EVE, and follows her into outer space — not prepared for the wild adventure that is to come.
注意：animated film 动画片 around 根据 outer space 外部空间
No. 8 REAL STEEL 铁甲钢拳
When: 2011
In the future (2020), robots have permanently replaced humans in the popular sport of boxing. Charlie Kenton finds hope in a discarded robot and rises to the top. Along the way, Kenton is reunited with an 11-year-old son he never knew existed.■
话题语句（4）
有用的句子----- 试试你会了吗？
1. 拉里说服她，机器人决不会伤害她或让她受到伤害。
Larry _________ her that the robot wouldn’t harm her or _______________.
2. 她感觉十分尴尬，赶快叫他走。
She ____________ and quickly told him to go.
3. 机器人这么通人性，这使她觉得心烦和害怕。
It was _________ and ________ that he looked so _______.
4. 克莱尔觉得机器人向她表示同情，这很荒唐可笑。
Claire thought it was __________________sympathy by a robot.
5. 她感觉对于像拉里这样很想提高社会地位的人来说，她的家不够高雅。
She felt her home wasn’t _________________ for someone like Larry who wanted to ______ _____ his ___________.
6. 她惊奇地看着他的手指翻动着书页，忍不住突然伸出手去摸他的手。
She looked at his fingers ___________ as they turned each page and suddenly ___________ his hand.
7. 被她发现多难为情呀！从她脸上的那种有趣而有惊奇的神色来看，克莱尔知道，格拉迪丝认为她有风流韵事了。
How ______ (it is) ____________ by her. By the __________ and _________ look on her face, Claire knew that Gladys thought she ____________.
8. 她大叫一声“托尼”，然后听到托尼一本正经地说，明天他不想离开她，而且他不满足于仅仅使她开心。
She cried out “Tony” and then heard him _________ that he didn’t want to leave her the next day and that he felt_________ just the desire ________her.
9. 受到那些女士的嫉妒，这该是多么甜美的胜利！
What ______________________________________ by those women!
10. 他不仅有超凡的想象力，使他能对未来世界进行探索，而且还有着惊人的智力，使他能对现在的、过去的各种事物做出解释。
He had both an _____________ that gave him the ability _________ future worlds and an _________mind with which he ___________ the explanations of everything, ____________ and the past.
11. 他是因为9年前的一次输血中感染了艾滋病病毒而去世的。
He died _______________ an HIV infection that he had got from _____________ nine years earlier.
12. 从那以后，他就开始认真地从事写作了。
From that moment, he started to __________________.
参考答案：
1. persuaded; allow her to be harmed
2. felt embarrassed
3. disturbing (令人心烦的)；frightening （令人害怕的）；human（有人性的，人类的，人）
注意这个句子主语是it代替的主语从句that he looked so...，所以用disturbing和frightening说明主语从句表述的事情的特点，用动词-ing形式。如果人作主语，才用过去分词形式。
4. ridiculous to be offered
5. elegant enough; improve; social position
6. with wonder (惊奇地，带着惊奇)；reached for (伸手去够)
7. awful; to be discovered; amused; surprised; was having an affair
8. declare（宣布，一本正经地说）；more than（多于，不仅仅）；to please
9. a sweet victory to be envied
10. extraordinary imagination; to explore; amazing（惊人的）；searched for（搜寻）; in the present（在现在）
11. as a result of；a blood transfusion
12. take himself serious as a writer (take ...seriously 严肃/认真地对待......)
写作运用
人物介绍
人物介绍，属于记人记叙文，可以是自我介绍或他人介绍。在写这类作文时，要围绕人物的材料组织短文，内容应包括人物、时间、地点、主要事件等内容。如果写名人的生平、事迹，要抓住出生年月、主要事迹、人们的评论等进行叙述。
写人物介绍的注意事项
1. 确定重点，一般应把重点放在人物的工作成就等方面；
2. 应通过描写，突出人物性格与成就的内在联系；
3. 注意使用叙述的过渡语言，如连接词：besides, in addition, what’s more, however, therefore等，可使结构更紧密。
4. 要尝试使用从句、非谓语动词、省略句等，如果应用得当，可有画龙点睛的作用。
典型例句：
Isaac Asimov was an American scientist and writer who wrote around 480 books that include mystery stories ...
艾萨克·阿西莫夫是美国的科学家兼作家，他写了多约480本书，包括神秘小说......
Her frequent smiles impress me a lot. 她总是面带微笑，给我留下很深的印象。
He is over forty, but he doesn’t look his age.
他已经四十多岁了，但看不出是这个年纪的人。
He is fairly out-going. Talking with him is a pleasant thing.
他很外向，与他交谈是一件很愉快的事。
He enjoys the company of children and shares various interests with them.
他喜欢与孩子们为伍，与他们趣味相投。
He has won / was awarded the prize for ... 他获得/被授予......奖。
His invention / achievement ranks one of the top ... 他的发明/成就排名在前......名。
He has mainly contributed to ... 他对......做出了重要的贡献。
Born in a poor family, he had to... 他出生于一个贫穷家庭，他不得不...
Sb. is considered to be one of the greatest ... 某人被公认为最......之一
Well known as ..., he ... 作为.....而闻名，他.......
When he was a small boy, he showed a great interest in ... 他很小时就对......感兴趣。
Thanks to the help of ... he was able to continue his education.
多亏了......的帮助，他得以能够继续他的学业。
From ... to... he first worked as ... and then he became... 从......到......，他先做......，然后成为......
He was praised / honored for ... 他因为......而得到赞扬/给予荣誉
描写人的形容词：
funny-looking 样子可笑的； warm-hearted 好心的； attractive 有吸引力的；
easy-going 随和的； smart 伶俐的，衣着漂亮的； wise 明智的；
diligent 勤奋的； lovely 可爱的；
be crazy about 非常喜欢； be fond of 喜爱
写作范文
根据下表的信息，写一篇人物介绍。
Name
Zhang Yuncheng
Sex
male
School education
one day
Interests and hobbies
reading and writing
Health
disabilities caused by a muscle disease; very weak, can hardly pick up a pen
Ambition
to write and publish a book
Dream
to live a better life
参考范文：
Although Zhang Yuncheng is unable to walk or even get out of bed without help, he has achieved his ambition to write a book.
Because of his disability, Yuncheng went to school for only one day. However, when he was 12 years old, he taught himself to write.
When he was 17, Yuncheng wrote to a newspaper about his life and his ambition to write a book. Zhang Danuo, an editor at the newspaper helped him by setting him writing assignments every week. These assignments have now been turned into a book, which many people have bought.
Yuncheng says that because his life will not be a long one, he must do as much as he can within the time he has left.
有关机器人的短文
Example 1
根据以下内容写一篇发言稿，在新闻发布会上向大家推荐你公司的这一款新产品。
目前，照顾老人成了一个突出的社会问题。你公司顺应社会需求，适时推出了家用机器人。该机器人的主要功能有：
1. 可以在固定时间做饭，时间根据个人需要可以调整；
2. 可以陪老人聊天、下棋、做运动等；
3. 及时处理突发事件，例如在老人突然病倒时及时拨打呼救电话等。
参考范文
Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending our company’s news conference. As you know, with the development of economy, people have to face various pressures. They don’t have enough time to attend to the old people in their family, which has become a prominent social problem. Our company put out a household robot, which is designed to take care of old people. It can cook meals at a fixed time which can be adjusted according to individual needs. It can also accompany old people in having a chat, playing chess, and taking exercise. Moreover, it can deal with emergencies. For example, if an old man falls ill suddenly, the robot will call doctors for help.
It would be a great help to you if you own such a robot.
Example 2
Write a paragraph describing a new type of robot. 写一篇描写一种新型机器人的短文。
参考范文：
The rubbish collector
The rubbish collector is a robot about half the size of a small car. Its body is square and contains a large rubbish bin inside it. It has a camera attached to the top front of its body. Also at the front is a pair of arms.
Underneath it has four wheels and six legs. With the camera it can “see” rubbish such as paper, glass, and plastic. If the surface of the ground is smooth, it runs on its wheels, and if the ground is rough, it unfolds its legs and walks.
When it sees a piece of rubbish, it stops and uses its arms to pick it up and put it in its rubbish bin. However, when it sees a person, an animal or a plant, it goes around it as it is able to recognize when something is not a piece of rubbish.
The company should make this robot as it would be very popular with schools. It would clean the outside grounds of school and so give the students more time to spend on their studies. It would also be a great advantage to have at sports grounds or any other area where rubbish is dropped by the public.
Example 3
Imagine you are a robot pet that belongs to a child. Imagine what life would be like with a child. Then write a diary from the robot pet’s point of view. (假如你是一个孩子的机器人宠物，想象你同一个孩子在一起的生活，以这个机器人的角度写一篇日记)
参考范文：
October 12th Fine
I had a terrible morning. When Terry got up, he carried me to the table by my tail and made me sit on the table while he ate breakfast. He is such a messy boy and I got bits of food all over me.
Unfortunately, he must have woken up in a bad mood because when his mother asked him to get dressed, he shouted at her and then hit me. So I was very angry and hissed at him. Then he hit me again and I hissed even more. Luckily he left me at home while he was at school and I had a very peaceful time.
When he got home he was much happier and was very nice to me. He sat for a long time on the sofa, patting me and saying “Tama, I love you” over and over. I loved it and couldn’t stop purring.
I wish he were like that all the time. Meanwhile, he has promised to take me to the park tomorrow. I can’t wait.
注释：
hiss 发嘶嘶声 pur 咕噜咕噜叫
巩固练习
一、单项选择
1. She didn’t _______ to marry a rich man, though it could make her live a better life.
A. advise B. desire C. refuse D. allow
2. Harry is ____________my neighbour. He is also a good friend of mine.
A. less than B. at least C. at most D. more than
3. When the toy robot made a noise like a tiger to the little girl, there was an ________ look on her face?
A. alarms B. account C. accompany D. alarmed
4. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _______each year.
A. is washing way B. is being washed away
C. are washing away D. are being washed away
5．Martin Ruther King Jr. was _________the peace Nobel Prize in 1964.
A. awarded B. award C. rewarded D. paid
6．—Do you think he will come at this weekend?
— ___________, because he has an important party to attend.
A. I’m not sure. B. I guess so C. I imagine so D. I believe not
7. How I envy you _____________ an extra day’s holiday.
A. getting B. to get C. get D. to getting
8. Harry’s mother, a(n) _______ lady dressed in the latest Paris fashion walked behind her son.
A. grateful B. considerate C. elegant D. brilliant
9. —The journey was not as nice as we had expected.
—Absolutely. The weather was ________ and the time was short.
A. awful B. pleasant C. alarmed D. beautiful
10. John has no difficulty making friends in any situations due to his ________ character.
A. selfish B. hardworking C. easy-going D. shy
11. She was so sad because she failed in the math test. Let’s _______ her ________. .
A. leave … behind B. leave … alone C. leave … aside D. leave … out
12. — What do you think of this kind of TV set, which _____ in Shanghai?
— Well, I don’t care such things.
A. was made B. is made C. has been made D. had been made
13. The vegetables didn’t taste very good. They _______ too long.
A. had been cooked B. were cooked C. had cooked D. cooked
14. _______ time and labour, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only three fingers and a thumb.
A. To save B. Saved C. Saving D. Having saved
15. The teacher asked more _____ to prevent the students’ eyes from being injured.
A. to do B. done C. to be done D. being done
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～20各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Friday, May 28
I got back from shopping the other weekend．And I was 1 and exhausted from the stress of all the people．
I 2 started feeling a bit unwell and then my vision went most 3 —like the edges were broken．
My husband took me to A&E and after a few tests，the doctor 4 I was having some kind of sign before a migraine (偏头痛)．The doctor 5 me that it may happen again and if it does，I should take 6 straight away．
I found it quite terrifying—nothing seemed 7 and there was a sort of crack across my vision．Is there anything I can do to 8 it?
Fiona says:
What you 9 sounds like perhaps the most common kind of sign that sometimes leads to a migraine．
It’s 10 a flashing dark spot and it’s a disorder of the back of the 11 ．Whether it’s this kind of migraine or some other kind，you would do 12 to look at what triggers (触发) it．
There are far too many triggers for migraine to 13 them here，but one of the reported triggers for this particular 14 is monosodium glutamate (味精) (MSG)，a food additive used to improve the flavour of delicious products．
15 ，if you prepare your own food，you won’t get any in your 16 ，but it is in some sauces，such as soy (大豆) sauce，so look out for it if this is a trigger for you．
Migraine Action would be a good 17 to get in touch with as it can tell you a lot 18 about your sign and about migraines．
Many people who suffer with migraines work at finding the 19 triggers that set off symptoms，so spend time looking for yours as it may 20 ．
1．A．tired B．satisfied C．excited D．astonished
2．A．suddenly B．slowly C．immediately D．frequently
3．A．curious B．difficult C．clear D．strange
4．A．asked B．answered C．decided D．suggested
5．A．reminded B．warned C．told D．amused
6．A．step B．check C．action D．rest
7．A．normal B．special C．serious D．tight
8．A．protect B．prevent C．remove D．reduce
9．A．appoint B．explain C．describe D．recall
10．A．called B．reported C．said D．announced
11．A．head B．brain C．heart D．stomach
12．A．better B．carefully C．hopefully D．well
13．A．list B．rank C．state D．retell
14．A．cause B．condition C．case D．reason
15．A．Frankly B．However C．Luckily D．Generally
16．A．interest B．hobby C．diet D．style
17．A．conference B．organisation C．magazine D．country
18．A．more B．less C．farther D．deeper
19．A．rare B．common C．various D．quick
20．A．help B．benefit C．harm D．succeed
三、阅读理解
阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳答案。
Experts say lettuce is one of the easiest vegetables to grow in your garden．The best time to plant the seeds is during cool weather．Advisers at the University of Illinois Extension say the best planting temperature is fifteen degrees Celsius．
Lettuce seeds are small，so do not place them too deep in the ground．If you plant some seeds every week or two，you will have harvests ready to eat one after another．
You can use a seed tray (托盘) to start the seeds indoors．The container should be deep enough to hold at least three centimeters of soil．There should be about one centimeter of space between the soil and the top of the container．The container should have holes in the bottom so extra water can flow out．Drop the seeds over the surface and cover them lightly with soil．If the soil is not already a little wet，give it some water．But not too much—you do not want to drown the seeds．
Next，cover the seed tray with paper．Remove the paper when the seedlings have grown up far enough to touch it．You can transplant the seedlings into the garden when they are about two to three centimeters tall．Do this when the weather is not too hot and not too cold．Take out as much of the soil as you can with the seedlings．Plant them in the ground in a hole that is bigger than the lettuce roots．Keep the plants watered，but not too heavily．
Harvest leaf lettuces when the leaves are big enough to eat．Pull the leaves from the outside of the planting so the inside leaves will keep growing．Or，you can cut off the whole plant．Leave about two or three centimeters above the ground so the plant will regrow．Cut off head lettuces at ground level．
Lettuce is best when served flesh．Store the remainder in the refrigerator in a plastic bag．It will last a few days and sometimes even longer．
1．How deep should the container be at least?
A．About one centimeter．
B．About two centimeters．
C．About three centimeters．
D．About four centimeters．
2．What is the distance between the paper and the soil?
A．About one centimeter．
B．About two to three centimeters．
C．About five centimeters．
D．Not mentioned．
3．When should you transplant the seedlings into the garden?
A．When the temperature is fifteen degrees Celsius．
B．In the cold weather．
C．In the hot weather．
D．When the weather is not too hot and not too cold．
4．Where most probably can we find this passage?
A．In a science book．
B．In a book about gardening．
C．In a newspaper．
D．In a comic magazine．
四、语法填空
（1）
My deskmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel __1 (encourage) by his compliments.
One day, __2_ we learned the new word “eccentric” in class, we 3 (ask) to make a sentence with it. I volunteered to do it by saying “My deskmate is an eccentric boy __4 clothes never fit him.” Hearing this, the whole class burst into 5 (laugh) and my deskmate’s face turned red. 6 class, I learned from the teacher that my deskmate7(drop) out of school if he hadn’t been helped by others. My mindless words must 8 (hurt) him deeply.
Not until then did I realize words could be powerful in 9 positive and negative ways. We should avoid hurting others if we can’t always 10 (encourage) when we speak.
（2）
No body language can be more attractive than smiling. Not only can a beautiful smile make__1 (us) happy, but also it enables others to feel __2 (delight).3 a smile is so powerful that it gives people 4 (suffer) from disasters great courage.
A little boy 5 (name) Lang Zheng, for instance, impressed and encouraged a great many people 6 a serious earthquake happened in Wen Chuan. Right after he 7 (rescue) by the soldiers from the ruins, he saluted and smiled to them. His smile was like sunshine which warmed people who were in 8 (sad).
It is safe to say that without smile our life 9 (be)colorless and difficult. It is suggested that we 10 (smile) as much as possible.
五、书面表达
假如你是李华，你很喜欢读科幻小说。请你根据以下表格中的提示，向你的外国朋友Mark介绍一位你最喜欢的科幻小说家。
人物
C·S·路易斯（C·S·Lewis），英国最著名的作家和学者之一
童年
1898年11月29日生于爱尔兰，从小爱好动物，爱写动物故事，父亲的藏书满足了他的阅读欲望
主要生平
在牛津大学开始学者生涯；1917年自愿加入军队参加一战；1956年与一名美国作家结婚；1963年11月22日在英格兰逝世。
作品
创作颇丰，代表作《纳尼亚传奇》（The Chronicles of Narnia），被译作40多种语言，售出上百万本，并被改编成电影。
答案与解析
一、单项选择
1. B。句意：她不想嫁给富人，虽然那可以让她过上好日子。desire 渴望，想要；advise 劝说；refuse 拒绝；allow 允许。
2. D。more than 不仅仅；less than 少于；at lease 至少；at most 至多。
3. D。alarm 是及物动词，意为“警告，使惊慌”，其过去分词alarmed 表示“感到惊慌的，害怕的”，在句中作定语。句意：那只像老虎一样的玩具机器人向那个女孩儿大叫一声，女孩儿脸上现出恐惧的表情。account 解释；accompany 陪伴。
4. D。huge quantities of修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词一般要用复数；泥土是被冲走的，因此用被动语态。句意：随着更多的森林被破坏，每年大量的优质土壤正在被（雨水）冲走。
5. A。award 授予，奖给；reward 酬谢；pay 付款。
6. D。从下文提供的原因看说话人很确切地知道“他”不能来，排除其他三个选项。
7. A。envy sb. sth. 嫉妒某人的某事，用动词-ing形式相当于名词。
8. C。从下文“dressed in the latest Paris fashion（穿着巴黎最新款式的）”可知选项C （elegant优雅的，讲究的）符合题意。grateful 感激的；considerate 体贴的；brilliant 辉煌的。
9. A。由前一个人的话可知，旅行没有预想的那样好，空白处应表示没有达到预期结果的不利因素，所以选A。awful 极坏的，糟糕的；pleasant 宜人的；alarmed （人）感到担心的，害怕的。
10. C。在交朋友方面没有困难说明性格随和，所以选C。selfish 自私的；hardworking 用功的；easy-going 随和的；shy 害羞的。
11. B。她因为数学考试没有及格很难过，我们不打扰她了，所以选B。leave … alone不管，不打扰；leave behind 使落后，遗留；leave aside 把某事搁置在一边； leave out 省去，遗漏。
12. B。只想说明某种电视机的产地，而不强调具体“制造”这一动作是否做过，用一般现在时。
13. A。从上句中“尝起来味道不好”用一般过去时可知，烹饪蔬菜的动作应该在这之前，所以用过去完成时；因为蔬菜与“烹饪”是被动关系，所以选A。
14. A。不定式作目的状语，因为说的一般现象，所以不用完成式。句意：为了节省时间和人工，漫画家一般把人物的手画成只有三个手指和一个拇指。
15. C。由ask sb. to do sth.可知此处应用不定式。宾语与宾语补足语之间为被动关系，故用to be done。句意：这位老师请求为防止学生的眼睛受伤害再多做些事。
二、完形填空
此文是网上的“专家咨询”类短文。
1．A。从上文提到的I got back from shopping the other weekend．以及此处exhausted from the stress of all the people可知作者在从商店回来时感觉“疲劳”，并联系下文的病，推出选项A符合题意。
2．A。作者开始感觉有点不舒服，应该是“突然”的，带有偶发性，故选项A符合题意。
3．D。从上文描述的情况作者身体突然感觉不舒服，联系此处like the edges were broken可知接着视力变得非常“古怪”。故推出选项D符合题意。
4．C。从上文提到的after a few tests可知医生在做了一些检查后得出的结论或判断，故此处为“决定，认定”。选项C符合题意。
5．B。从上文医生给出的结论可知此处是医生的“告诫”。联系it may happen again and if it does... 也可推出选项B符合题意。
6．C。从上文医生的警告it may happen again and if it does，联系此处straight away可知take action“采取行动”符合题意。
7．A。从上文医生的诊断到此处的作者感觉I found it quite terrifying，故可知“正常”符合题意。
8．B。从医生给出的结论为偏头痛前的发病症状，故此处作者想“阻止”这种病情的发展，故选项B符合题意。
9．C。从上文描述的作者病情联系生活经验可知是对病的“描述”。故选项C符合题意。
10．A。从此处描述的a flashing dark spot and it’s a disorder of the back of... 可知是对这种病的描述，是一种病名，故选项A“称为……”符合题意。
11．B。作者患的此种病为偏头痛前的症状，如果治疗不及时就会转为偏头痛，而偏头痛是由于“大脑”后部工作无序导致的。故选项B符合题意。
12．D。would do well to do... 表示“最好是做......”，从上文给出的描述可知还是最好弄清诱因。故选项D符合题意。
13．A。从下文提到的one of the reported triggers可知导致这种病的诱发因素很多，故此处为“列出”诱发因素，选项A符合题意。
14．B。从此处提到的one of the reported triggers for this particular可知这是举出来的一个特例，是一种特殊的“情况”，故选项B符合题意。
15．D。从此处下文描述if you prepare your own food可知这是总结性用语，故“一般地；通常”符合题意。
16．C。从下文提到的it is in some sauces，such as soy sauce可知这些都是“饮食”里边遇到的，故选项C符合题意。
17．B。从此处对Migraine Action的描述及to get in touch with（联系）可知这是一个“组织”。通过它了解偏头痛的症状和偏头痛的一些信息，故选项B符合题意。
18．A。从此处句意分析，通过该组织会使人了解“更多”偏头痛的症状和偏头痛的信息，故选项A符合题意。
19．C。从上文提到的一个特殊诱发偏头痛的例子可知花时间找到的诱因有“各种各样”的，故选项C符合题意。
20．A。从此处作者的描述可知花时间找到诱发自己偏头痛的原因，对于防止这种病的发生可能是“有帮助”的，故选项A符合题意。
三、阅读理解
1．D。数字计算题。由第三段第二、三句可知，至少要有三厘米厚的土壤，土壤和容器顶端之间至少要有一厘米的距离，由此可推知，这个容器至少要有四厘米深。
2．A。推理判断题。由第三段第三句“There should be about one centimeter of space between the soil and the top of the container．”及第四段第一句“Next，cover the seed tray with paper．”可知，纸和土壤之间的距离大约是一厘米。
3．D。细节理解题。由倒数第三段第四句“Do this when the weather is not too hot and not too cold．”可知，要在不冷不热的天气移栽幼苗。
4．B。推理判断题。文章主要介绍了如何在自己的花园里种植生菜。最可能刊登这类文章的是关于园艺的书籍。其余选项均与文章内容无关。
四、语法填空
(1)
1.encouraged。由下文by…可知，“我”感觉“受到了鼓舞”，用过去分词作表语，表示与逻辑主语I的被动关系。
2.when。当我们学习生词“eccentric”时，我们被要求用这个词造句。
3.were asked。见上题。
4.whose。whose代替所修饰词boy在定语从句中作定语，指“男孩儿”的。
5.laughter。burst into laughter 突然大笑起来。
6.After。after school 放学后。
7.would have dropped。从下文“if he hadn’t been helped by others.”可知，此句用了与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以用would have dropped。
8.have hurt。musthave hurt表示对过去发生的事的推测，表示“一定”做过……。
9.both。both… and表示“两者都”。
10.be encouraging。always与进行时连用时，表示一定的感彩，如赞赏、厌烦等。
(2)
1.ourselves。美丽的微笑不仅使发出微笑的人“自己”感到高兴，也能够使别人感觉愉快。
2.delighted。用过去分词作表语，表示人的感觉。
3.Sometimes。具体描述了微笑的威力，但是这个现象不总是如此，因此用sometimes。
4.suffering。动词suffer (遭受)与其所修饰词people是主动关系，所以用动词-ing形式。句意：有时微笑是如此的有力量以至于它会给遭受灾难的人们巨大的勇气。
5.named。name与其所修饰词是被动关系，用过去分词，表示“被叫作”Lang Zheng的男孩。
6.when。引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”。
7.was rescued。表示“得救”，用被动语态。
8.sadness。介词后要接名词或代词作宾语，所以用sad的名词sadness。
9.would be。从without smile可知，say的宾语从句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，所以用would be，without smile相当于虚拟条件句，表示“如果没有微笑的话”。
10.should smile/smile。句型It is suggested that…中that引导的虚拟语气常接“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。
五、书面表达
C·S·Lewis, one of the most famous British novelists and scholars, was born on 29 November, 1898 in Ireland. As a boy, Lewis had a great deal of affection for animals, and often wrote his own animal stories. Lewis’ father’s house was filled with books, which met Lewis desire of reading.
Lewis began his academic career at Oxford. In 1917, he volunteered to join the British Army during World War I. Lewis married an American writer in 1956. On 22 November, 1963, his life ended in England.
He produced many famous works as well as fictional novels, the most popular of which is The Chronicles of Narnia, which has been translated into more than 40 languages and has sold millions of copies. The book has also been adapted into films.
语言积累
交际用语
表示推测与确信：
I think / don’t think... 我认为/认为...不...
I believe / don’t believe...我相信/不相信......
I guess/ suppose... 我猜想...
I wonder ... 我想知道/ 我奇怪......
Maybe ... 也许......
It must have ... 它一定已经......
Is it possible that...? ......是可能的吗？
It could be that ... 可能......
Could it be that...？ ......可能吗?
It is possible/impossible... ....是(不)可能的。
It is most likely/unlikely ... 最有/不可能......
There is a belief that... 有人相信......
Are you sure that...? 你确信......吗?
I am sure/ positive that ... 我确信/肯定......
话题语句（1）
1． 有关机器人（robot）的词句：
A robot is a machine designed to do jobs that are usually performed by humans. Robots are programmed and controlled by a computer. 机器人是被设计来做经常由人来做的工作的机器。机器人被计算机编上程序并加以控制。
rebuild a robot 重新组装/设置机器人
Asimov’s Laws For Robots（阿西莫夫机器人定律）
First Law: A robot must not injure human beings or allow them to be injured.
Second Law: A robot must obey the orders given to it by human beings (as long as human beings are not injured).
Third Law: A robot must protect its own existence (as long as human beings are not injured; and as long as the robot does not disobey the human beings).
阿西莫夫机器人三定律
一、机器人不得伤害人类，或看到人类受到伤害而袖手旁观；
二、在不违反第一定律的前提下，机器人必须绝对服从人类给与的任何命令；
三、在不违反第一定律和第二定律的前提下, 机器人必须尽力保护自己。
Types of robots:
agricultural robots 农用机器人 industrial robots 工业机器人
household robots 家用机器人 domestic robots家用机器人
entertainment robots 娱乐机器人
What can robots do?
play music 演奏音乐 pour tea 倒茶
sweep the floor 擦地 do the laundry 洗衣服
iron shirts 熨烫衬衫 make the bed 铺床
cook dinner 做饭 wash the dishes 洗盘子
play with children 和孩子们玩 do all the housework 做所有的家务
rescue work 救援工作 help me with my homework 帮我写作业
serve/ take care of human 为人类服务/照顾人类（注意serve直接接宾语，不需加for）
accompany old people to the shops 陪伴老人去商店
help people out of trouble 帮人们摆脱困难
explore dangerous places, like the sea and outer space
探测像大海和外部空间那样的危险的地方
prevent children from being harmed 防止孩子受伤害
The robot can be a teacher. It knows everything and remembers everything well.
机器人可以做老师，它知道一切，记得住一切。
The robot is clever enough to solve all kinds of problems.
机器人很聪明，能解决所有的问题。
话题语句（2）
有关机器人的讨论：
1. If you had a robot, what would you like him to do? 如果你有个机器人，你想让他做什么？
2. Do you think robots can take the place of human? Why? 你认为机器人能代替人类吗？为什么？
3. It is terrible that we can’t tell the difference between a real man and a robot.
我们分辨不出人和机器人会很可怕的。
4. Do you think it is possible for a robot to
have feelings?
think for itself?
have its own needs and desires?
look and feel like a human being?
你认为机器人可能有感情/自己思考/有自己的需求和欲望/看起来或感觉像人吗？
5. People will be relieved（解脱，免除）from doing household cleaning or cooking. Robots will be able to rebuild and decorate （装饰）the home and design and do gardening（整理花园）. People will be free to work or enjoy their leisure（悠闲）time.
6. cartoons that include robots as characters 人物是机器人的动画片
science fiction 科学幻想小说 literature 文学，文学作品 films/ movie 电影
video games 视频游戏 TV shows 电视节目 mystery stories 神秘故事
Science fiction is often based on scientific principles and technology.
科学幻想小说经常以科学原理和技术为基础。
Science fiction may make predictions about life in the future.
科学幻想小说可能会对未来的生活做出预测。
话题语句（3）
【Robot 语言应用---Movie robots】
Movie robots
No. 1 The Terminator 终结者
When: 1984
In the fictional Terminator universe, the Terminator is a formidable robotic assassin and soldier, designed by the military supercomputer. It can speak naturally, copy the voices of others, read human handwriting, and even genuinely sweat, smell, and bleed.
注释：
fictional 小说的 formidable令人畏惧的 robotic 机器人的，机器人学 assassin 刺客
genuinely 真正的
NO.2 Short Circuit霹雳五号
When: 1986
Johnny 5 is the fictional robotic star of the movies Short Circuit. He is a former military robot with intelligence by a lightning bolt（晴天霹雳）, and is considered to be alive, as he has emotions and is self-aware. Johnny 5 is very curious and inquisitive(好奇的), but he is especially fond of books and television. He is very intelligent and inventive with an encyclopedic knowledge, but can be quite na?ve(幼稚的) and child-like at times and can be too eager to trust people that he shouldn’t.
注意：
1. with intelligence 有智力的
2. at times 有时，偶然
3. too eager to do 非常急于/渴望做（无否定含义）
4. intelligent 智能的 inventive有发明才能的 encyclopedic 如百科全书的
No. 3 ROBOCOP 机器战警
When: 1987
A terminally（致命的）wounded police officer is brought back to life as a super human/machine cyborg （半机械人）used to clean up the crime-ridden streets of a futuristic Detroit. Throughout the film, RoboCop is haunted （受困扰） by the memories of his painful past.
注意：used to do 被用来做 clean up 清理 futuristic 未来派的
No. 4 The Iron Giant钢铁巨人
When: 1999
The film tells the story of a lonely boy raised by his single mother, discovering a giant amnesiac（记忆缺失的）“iron man” that fell from space. Hogarth has to stop a military force and an egotistical（任性的）federal agent from finding and destroying the Giant out of paranoia（偏执狂）.
No.5 A.I.: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 人工智能
When: 2001
It is about a robot child who wants to be “real.” David, an android（机器人）who looks just like a human boy, is uniquely programmed with the ability to love.
No. 6 I, ROBOT机械公敌
When: 2004
In the not so distant future, (2035), a detective, who dislikes the rapid advancement of technology, investigates a crime that may have been caused by a robot.
No.7 WALL-E 机器人总动员
When: 2008
Disney and Pixar’s animated film centers around a cute robot named Wall-E, designed to clean up the waste that covers the Earth in the future. He falls in love with another robot named?EVE, and follows her into outer space — not prepared for the wild adventure that is to come.
注意：animated film 动画片 around 根据 outer space 外部空间
No. 8 REAL STEEL 铁甲钢拳
When: 2011
In the future (2020), robots have permanently replaced humans in the popular sport of boxing. Charlie Kenton finds hope in a discarded robot and rises to the top. Along the way, Kenton is reunited with an 11-year-old son he never knew existed.■
话题语句（4）
有用的句子----- 试试你会了吗？
1. 拉里说服她，机器人决不会伤害她或让她受到伤害。
Larry _________ her that the robot wouldn’t harm her or _______________.
2. 她感觉十分尴尬，赶快叫他走。
She ____________ and quickly told him to go.
3. 机器人这么通人性，这使她觉得心烦和害怕。
It was _________ and ________ that he looked so _______.
4. 克莱尔觉得机器人向她表示同情，这很荒唐可笑。
Claire thought it was __________________sympathy by a robot.
5. 她感觉对于像拉里这样很想提高社会地位的人来说，她的家不够高雅。
She felt her home wasn’t _________________ for someone like Larry who wanted to ______ _____ his ___________.
6. 她惊奇地看着他的手指翻动着书页，忍不住突然伸出手去摸他的手。
She looked at his fingers ___________ as they turned each page and suddenly ___________ his hand.
7. 被她发现多难为情呀！从她脸上的那种有趣而有惊奇的神色来看，克莱尔知道，格拉迪丝认为她有风流韵事了。
How ______ (it is) ____________ by her. By the __________ and _________ look on her face, Claire knew that Gladys thought she ____________.
8. 她大叫一声“托尼”，然后听到托尼一本正经地说，明天他不想离开她，而且他不满足于仅仅使她开心。
She cried out “Tony” and then heard him _________ that he didn’t want to leave her the next day and that he felt_________ just the desire ________her.
9. 受到那些女士的嫉妒，这该是多么甜美的胜利！
What ______________________________________ by those women!
10. 他不仅有超凡的想象力，使他能对未来世界进行探索，而且还有着惊人的智力，使他能对现在的、过去的各种事物做出解释。
He had both an _____________ that gave him the ability _________ future worlds and an _________mind with which he ___________ the explanations of everything, ____________ and the past.
11. 他是因为9年前的一次输血中感染了艾滋病病毒而去世的。
He died _______________ an HIV infection that he had got from _____________ nine years earlier.
12. 从那以后，他就开始认真地从事写作了。
From that moment, he started to __________________.
参考答案：
1. persuaded; allow her to be harmed
2. felt embarrassed
3. disturbing (令人心烦的)；frightening （令人害怕的）；human（有人性的，人类的，人）
注意这个句子主语是it代替的主语从句that he looked so...，所以用disturbing和frightening说明主语从句表述的事情的特点，用动词-ing形式。如果人作主语，才用过去分词形式。
4. ridiculous to be offered
5. elegant enough; improve; social position
6. with wonder (惊奇地，带着惊奇)；reached for (伸手去够)
7. awful; to be discovered; amused; surprised; was having an affair
8. declare（宣布，一本正经地说）；more than（多于，不仅仅）；to please
9. a sweet victory to be envied
10. extraordinary imagination; to explore; amazing（惊人的）；searched for（搜寻）; in the present（在现在）
11. as a result of；a blood transfusion
12. take himself serious as a writer (take ...seriously 严肃/认真地对待......)
写作运用
人物介绍
人物介绍，属于记人记叙文，可以是自我介绍或他人介绍。在写这类作文时，要围绕人物的材料组织短文，内容应包括人物、时间、地点、主要事件等内容。如果写名人的生平、事迹，要抓住出生年月、主要事迹、人们的评论等进行叙述。
写人物介绍的注意事项
1. 确定重点，一般应把重点放在人物的工作成就等方面；
2. 应通过描写，突出人物性格与成就的内在联系；
3. 注意使用叙述的过渡语言，如连接词：besides, in addition, what’s more, however, therefore等，可使结构更紧密。
4. 要尝试使用从句、非谓语动词、省略句等，如果应用得当，可有画龙点睛的作用。
典型例句：
Isaac Asimov was an American scientist and writer who wrote around 480 books that include mystery stories ...
艾萨克·阿西莫夫是美国的科学家兼作家，他写了多约480本书，包括神秘小说......
Her frequent smiles impress me a lot. 她总是面带微笑，给我留下很深的印象。
He is over forty, but he doesn’t look his age.
他已经四十多岁了，但看不出是这个年纪的人。
He is fairly out-going. Talking with him is a pleasant thing.
他很外向，与他交谈是一件很愉快的事。
He enjoys the company of children and shares various interests with them.
他喜欢与孩子们为伍，与他们趣味相投。
He has won / was awarded the prize for ... 他获得/被授予......奖。
His invention / achievement ranks one of the top ... 他的发明/成就排名在前......名。
He has mainly contributed to ... 他对......做出了重要的贡献。
Born in a poor family, he had to... 他出生于一个贫穷家庭，他不得不...
Sb. is considered to be one of the greatest ... 某人被公认为最......之一
Well known as ..., he ... 作为.....而闻名，他.......
When he was a small boy, he showed a great interest in ... 他很小时就对......感兴趣。
Thanks to the help of ... he was able to continue his education.
多亏了......的帮助，他得以能够继续他的学业。
From ... to... he first worked as ... and then he became... 从......到......，他先做......，然后成为......
He was praised / honored for ... 他因为......而得到赞扬/给予荣誉
描写人的形容词：
funny-looking 样子可笑的； warm-hearted 好心的； attractive 有吸引力的；
easy-going 随和的； smart 伶俐的，衣着漂亮的； wise 明智的；
diligent 勤奋的； lovely 可爱的；
be crazy about 非常喜欢； be fond of 喜爱
写作范文
根据下表的信息，写一篇人物介绍。
Name
Zhang Yuncheng
Sex
male
School education
one day
Interests and hobbies
reading and writing
Health
disabilities caused by a muscle disease; very weak, can hardly pick up a pen
Ambition
to write and publish a book
Dream
to live a better life
参考范文：
Although Zhang Yuncheng is unable to walk or even get out of bed without help, he has achieved his ambition to write a book.
Because of his disability, Yuncheng went to school for only one day. However, when he was 12 years old, he taught himself to write.
When he was 17, Yuncheng wrote to a newspaper about his life and his ambition to write a book. Zhang Danuo, an editor at the newspaper helped him by setting him writing assignments every week. These assignments have now been turned into a book, which many people have bought.
Yuncheng says that because his life will not be a long one, he must do as much as he can within the time he has left.
有关机器人的短文
Example 1
根据以下内容写一篇发言稿，在新闻发布会上向大家推荐你公司的这一款新产品。
目前，照顾老人成了一个突出的社会问题。你公司顺应社会需求，适时推出了家用机器人。该机器人的主要功能有：
1. 可以在固定时间做饭，时间根据个人需要可以调整；
2. 可以陪老人聊天、下棋、做运动等；
3. 及时处理突发事件，例如在老人突然病倒时及时拨打呼救电话等。
参考范文
Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending our company’s news conference. As you know, with the development of economy, people have to face various pressures. They don’t have enough time to attend to the old people in their family, which has become a prominent social problem. Our company put out a household robot, which is designed to take care of old people. It can cook meals at a fixed time which can be adjusted according to individual needs. It can also accompany old people in having a chat, playing chess, and taking exercise. Moreover, it can deal with emergencies. For example, if an old man falls ill suddenly, the robot will call doctors for help.
It would be a great help to you if you own such a robot.
Example 2
Write a paragraph describing a new type of robot. 写一篇描写一种新型机器人的短文。
参考范文：
The rubbish collector
The rubbish collector is a robot about half the size of a small car. Its body is square and contains a large rubbish bin inside it. It has a camera attached to the top front of its body. Also at the front is a pair of arms.
Underneath it has four wheels and six legs. With the camera it can “see” rubbish such as paper, glass, and plastic. If the surface of the ground is smooth, it runs on its wheels, and if the ground is rough, it unfolds its legs and walks.
When it sees a piece of rubbish, it stops and uses its arms to pick it up and put it in its rubbish bin. However, when it sees a person, an animal or a plant, it goes around it as it is able to recognize when something is not a piece of rubbish.
The company should make this robot as it would be very popular with schools. It would clean the outside grounds of school and so give the students more time to spend on their studies. It would also be a great advantage to have at sports grounds or any other area where rubbish is dropped by the public.
Example 3
Imagine you are a robot pet that belongs to a child. Imagine what life would be like with a child. Then write a diary from the robot pet’s point of view. (假如你是一个孩子的机器人宠物，想象你同一个孩子在一起的生活，以这个机器人的角度写一篇日记)
参考范文：
October 12th Fine
I had a terrible morning. When Terry got up, he carried me to the table by my tail and made me sit on the table while he ate breakfast. He is such a messy boy and I got bits of food all over me.
Unfortunately, he must have woken up in a bad mood because when his mother asked him to get dressed, he shouted at her and then hit me. So I was very angry and hissed at him. Then he hit me again and I hissed even more. Luckily he left me at home while he was at school and I had a very peaceful time.
When he got home he was much happier and was very nice to me. He sat for a long time on the sofa, patting me and saying “Tama, I love you” over and over. I loved it and couldn’t stop purring.
I wish he were like that all the time. Meanwhile, he has promised to take me to the park tomorrow. I can’t wait.
注释：
hiss 发嘶嘶声 pur 咕噜咕噜叫
巩固练习
一、单项选择
1. She didn’t _______ to marry a rich man, though it could make her live a better life.
A. advise B. desire C. refuse D. allow
2. Harry is ____________my neighbour. He is also a good friend of mine.
A. less than B. at least C. at most D. more than
3. When the toy robot made a noise like a tiger to the little girl, there was an ________ look on her face?
A. alarms B. account C. accompany D. alarmed
4. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _______each year.
A. is washing way B. is being washed away
C. are washing away D. are being washed away
5．Martin Ruther King Jr. was _________the peace Nobel Prize in 1964.
A. awarded B. award C. rewarded D. paid
6．—Do you think he will come at this weekend?
— ___________, because he has an important party to attend.
A. I’m not sure. B. I guess so C. I imagine so D. I believe not
7. How I envy you _____________ an extra day’s holiday.
A. getting B. to get C. get D. to getting
8. Harry’s mother, a(n) _______ lady dressed in the latest Paris fashion walked behind her son.
A. grateful B. considerate C. elegant D. brilliant
9. —The journey was not as nice as we had expected.
—Absolutely. The weather was ________ and the time was short.
A. awful B. pleasant C. alarmed D. beautiful
10. John has no difficulty making friends in any situations due to his ________ character.
A. selfish B. hardworking C. easy-going D. shy
11. She was so sad because she failed in the math test. Let’s _______ her ________. .
A. leave … behind B. leave … alone C. leave … aside D. leave … out
12. — What do you think of this kind of TV set, which _____ in Shanghai?
— Well, I don’t care such things.
A. was made B. is made C. has been made D. had been made
13. The vegetables didn’t taste very good. They _______ too long.
A. had been cooked B. were cooked C. had cooked D. cooked
14. _______ time and labour, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only three fingers and a thumb.
A. To save B. Saved C. Saving D. Having saved
15. The teacher asked more _____ to prevent the students’ eyes from being injured.
A. to do B. done C. to be done D. being done
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～20各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Friday, May 28
I got back from shopping the other weekend．And I was 1 and exhausted from the stress of all the people．
I 2 started feeling a bit unwell and then my vision went most 3 —like the edges were broken．
My husband took me to A&E and after a few tests，the doctor 4 I was having some kind of sign before a migraine (偏头痛)．The doctor 5 me that it may happen again and if it does，I should take 6 straight away．
I found it quite terrifying—nothing seemed 7 and there was a sort of crack across my vision．Is there anything I can do to 8 it?
Fiona says:
What you 9 sounds like perhaps the most common kind of sign that sometimes leads to a migraine．
It’s 10 a flashing dark spot and it’s a disorder of the back of the 11 ．Whether it’s this kind of migraine or some other kind，you would do 12 to look at what triggers (触发) it．
There are far too many triggers for migraine to 13 them here，but one of the reported triggers for this particular 14 is monosodium glutamate (味精) (MSG)，a food additive used to improve the flavour of delicious products．
15 ，if you prepare your own food，you won’t get any in your 16 ，but it is in some sauces，such as soy (大豆) sauce，so look out for it if this is a trigger for you．
Migraine Action would be a good 17 to get in touch with as it can tell you a lot 18 about your sign and about migraines．
Many people who suffer with migraines work at finding the 19 triggers that set off symptoms，so spend time looking for yours as it may 20 ．
1．A．tired B．satisfied C．excited D．astonished
2．A．suddenly B．slowly C．immediately D．frequently
3．A．curious B．difficult C．clear D．strange
4．A．asked B．answered C．decided D．suggested
5．A．reminded B．warned C．told D．amused
6．A．step B．check C．action D．rest
7．A．normal B．special C．serious D．tight
8．A．protect B．prevent C．remove D．reduce
9．A．appoint B．explain C．describe D．recall
10．A．called B．reported C．said D．announced
11．A．head B．brain C．heart D．stomach
12．A．better B．carefully C．hopefully D．well
13．A．list B．rank C．state D．retell
14．A．cause B．condition C．case D．reason
15．A．Frankly B．However C．Luckily D．Generally
16．A．interest B．hobby C．diet D．style
17．A．conference B．organisation C．magazine D．country
18．A．more B．less C．farther D．deeper
19．A．rare B．common C．various D．quick
20．A．help B．benefit C．harm D．succeed
三、阅读理解
阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳答案。
Experts say lettuce is one of the easiest vegetables to grow in your garden．The best time to plant the seeds is during cool weather．Advisers at the University of Illinois Extension say the best planting temperature is fifteen degrees Celsius．
Lettuce seeds are small，so do not place them too deep in the ground．If you plant some seeds every week or two，you will have harvests ready to eat one after another．
You can use a seed tray (托盘) to start the seeds indoors．The container should be deep enough to hold at least three centimeters of soil．There should be about one centimeter of space between the soil and the top of the container．The container should have holes in the bottom so extra water can flow out．Drop the seeds over the surface and cover them lightly with soil．If the soil is not already a little wet，give it some water．But not too much—you do not want to drown the seeds．
Next，cover the seed tray with paper．Remove the paper when the seedlings have grown up far enough to touch it．You can transplant the seedlings into the garden when they are about two to three centimeters tall．Do this when the weather is not too hot and not too cold．Take out as much of the soil as you can with the seedlings．Plant them in the ground in a hole that is bigger than the lettuce roots．Keep the plants watered，but not too heavily．
Harvest leaf lettuces when the leaves are big enough to eat．Pull the leaves from the outside of the planting so the inside leaves will keep growing．Or，you can cut off the whole plant．Leave about two or three centimeters above the ground so the plant will regrow．Cut off head lettuces at ground level．
Lettuce is best when served flesh．Store the remainder in the refrigerator in a plastic bag．It will last a few days and sometimes even longer．
1．How deep should the container be at least?
A．About one centimeter．
B．About two centimeters．
C．About three centimeters．
D．About four centimeters．
2．What is the distance between the paper and the soil?
A．About one centimeter．
B．About two to three centimeters．
C．About five centimeters．
D．Not mentioned．
3．When should you transplant the seedlings into the garden?
A．When the temperature is fifteen degrees Celsius．
B．In the cold weather．
C．In the hot weather．
D．When the weather is not too hot and not too cold．
4．Where most probably can we find this passage?
A．In a science book．
B．In a book about gardening．
C．In a newspaper．
D．In a comic magazine．
四、语法填空
（1）
My deskmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel __1 (encourage) by his compliments.
One day, __2_ we learned the new word “eccentric” in class, we 3 (ask) to make a sentence with it. I volunteered to do it by saying “My deskmate is an eccentric boy __4 clothes never fit him.” Hearing this, the whole class burst into 5 (laugh) and my deskmate’s face turned red. 6 class, I learned from the teacher that my deskmate7(drop) out of school if he hadn’t been helped by others. My mindless words must 8 (hurt) him deeply.
Not until then did I realize words could be powerful in 9 positive and negative ways. We should avoid hurting others if we can’t always 10 (encourage) when we speak.
（2）
No body language can be more attractive than smiling. Not only can a beautiful smile make__1 (us) happy, but also it enables others to feel __2 (delight).3 a smile is so powerful that it gives people 4 (suffer) from disasters great courage.
A little boy 5 (name) Lang Zheng, for instance, impressed and encouraged a great many people 6 a serious earthquake happened in Wen Chuan. Right after he 7 (rescue) by the soldiers from the ruins, he saluted and smiled to them. His smile was like sunshine which warmed people who were in 8 (sad).
It is safe to say that without smile our life 9 (be)colorless and difficult. It is suggested that we 10 (smile) as much as possible.
五、书面表达
假如你是李华，你很喜欢读科幻小说。请你根据以下表格中的提示，向你的外国朋友Mark介绍一位你最喜欢的科幻小说家。
人物
C·S·路易斯（C·S·Lewis），英国最著名的作家和学者之一
童年
1898年11月29日生于爱尔兰，从小爱好动物，爱写动物故事，父亲的藏书满足了他的阅读欲望
主要生平
在牛津大学开始学者生涯；1917年自愿加入军队参加一战；1956年与一名美国作家结婚；1963年11月22日在英格兰逝世。
作品
创作颇丰，代表作《纳尼亚传奇》（The Chronicles of Narnia），被译作40多种语言，售出上百万本，并被改编成电影。
答案与解析
一、单项选择
1. B。句意：她不想嫁给富人，虽然那可以让她过上好日子。desire 渴望，想要；advise 劝说；refuse 拒绝；allow 允许。
2. D。more than 不仅仅；less than 少于；at lease 至少；at most 至多。
3. D。alarm 是及物动词，意为“警告，使惊慌”，其过去分词alarmed 表示“感到惊慌的，害怕的”，在句中作定语。句意：那只像老虎一样的玩具机器人向那个女孩儿大叫一声，女孩儿脸上现出恐惧的表情。account 解释；accompany 陪伴。
4. D。huge quantities of修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词一般要用复数；泥土是被冲走的，因此用被动语态。句意：随着更多的森林被破坏，每年大量的优质土壤正在被（雨水）冲走。
5. A。award 授予，奖给；reward 酬谢；pay 付款。
6. D。从下文提供的原因看说话人很确切地知道“他”不能来，排除其他三个选项。
7. A。envy sb. sth. 嫉妒某人的某事，用动词-ing形式相当于名词。
8. C。从下文“dressed in the latest Paris fashion（穿着巴黎最新款式的）”可知选项C （elegant优雅的，讲究的）符合题意。grateful 感激的；considerate 体贴的；brilliant 辉煌的。
9. A。由前一个人的话可知，旅行没有预想的那样好，空白处应表示没有达到预期结果的不利因素，所以选A。awful 极坏的，糟糕的；pleasant 宜人的；alarmed （人）感到担心的，害怕的。
10. C。在交朋友方面没有困难说明性格随和，所以选C。selfish 自私的；hardworking 用功的；easy-going 随和的；shy 害羞的。
11. B。她因为数学考试没有及格很难过，我们不打扰她了，所以选B。leave … alone不管，不打扰；leave behind 使落后，遗留；leave aside 把某事搁置在一边； leave out 省去，遗漏。
12. B。只想说明某种电视机的产地，而不强调具体“制造”这一动作是否做过，用一般现在时。
13. A。从上句中“尝起来味道不好”用一般过去时可知，烹饪蔬菜的动作应该在这之前，所以用过去完成时；因为蔬菜与“烹饪”是被动关系，所以选A。
14. A。不定式作目的状语，因为说的一般现象，所以不用完成式。句意：为了节省时间和人工，漫画家一般把人物的手画成只有三个手指和一个拇指。
15. C。由ask sb. to do sth.可知此处应用不定式。宾语与宾语补足语之间为被动关系，故用to be done。句意：这位老师请求为防止学生的眼睛受伤害再多做些事。
二、完形填空
此文是网上的“专家咨询”类短文。
1．A。从上文提到的I got back from shopping the other weekend．以及此处exhausted from the stress of all the people可知作者在从商店回来时感觉“疲劳”，并联系下文的病，推出选项A符合题意。
2．A。作者开始感觉有点不舒服，应该是“突然”的，带有偶发性，故选项A符合题意。
3．D。从上文描述的情况作者身体突然感觉不舒服，联系此处like the edges were broken可知接着视力变得非常“古怪”。故推出选项D符合题意。
4．C。从上文提到的after a few tests可知医生在做了一些检查后得出的结论或判断，故此处为“决定，认定”。选项C符合题意。
5．B。从上文医生给出的结论可知此处是医生的“告诫”。联系it may happen again and if it does... 也可推出选项B符合题意。
6．C。从上文医生的警告it may happen again and if it does，联系此处straight away可知take action“采取行动”符合题意。
7．A。从上文医生的诊断到此处的作者感觉I found it quite terrifying，故可知“正常”符合题意。
8．B。从医生给出的结论为偏头痛前的发病症状，故此处作者想“阻止”这种病情的发展，故选项B符合题意。
9．C。从上文描述的作者病情联系生活经验可知是对病的“描述”。故选项C符合题意。
10．A。从此处描述的a flashing dark spot and it’s a disorder of the back of... 可知是对这种病的描述，是一种病名，故选项A“称为……”符合题意。
11．B。作者患的此种病为偏头痛前的症状，如果治疗不及时就会转为偏头痛，而偏头痛是由于“大脑”后部工作无序导致的。故选项B符合题意。
12．D。would do well to do... 表示“最好是做......”，从上文给出的描述可知还是最好弄清诱因。故选项D符合题意。
13．A。从下文提到的one of the reported triggers可知导致这种病的诱发因素很多，故此处为“列出”诱发因素，选项A符合题意。
14．B。从此处提到的one of the reported triggers for this particular可知这是举出来的一个特例，是一种特殊的“情况”，故选项B符合题意。
15．D。从此处下文描述if you prepare your own food可知这是总结性用语，故“一般地；通常”符合题意。
16．C。从下文提到的it is in some sauces，such as soy sauce可知这些都是“饮食”里边遇到的，故选项C符合题意。
17．B。从此处对Migraine Action的描述及to get in touch with（联系）可知这是一个“组织”。通过它了解偏头痛的症状和偏头痛的一些信息，故选项B符合题意。
18．A。从此处句意分析，通过该组织会使人了解“更多”偏头痛的症状和偏头痛的信息，故选项A符合题意。
19．C。从上文提到的一个特殊诱发偏头痛的例子可知花时间找到的诱因有“各种各样”的，故选项C符合题意。
20．A。从此处作者的描述可知花时间找到诱发自己偏头痛的原因，对于防止这种病的发生可能是“有帮助”的，故选项A符合题意。
三、阅读理解
1．D。数字计算题。由第三段第二、三句可知，至少要有三厘米厚的土壤，土壤和容器顶端之间至少要有一厘米的距离，由此可推知，这个容器至少要有四厘米深。
2．A。推理判断题。由第三段第三句“There should be about one centimeter of space between the soil and the top of the container．”及第四段第一句“Next，cover the seed tray with paper．”可知，纸和土壤之间的距离大约是一厘米。
3．D。细节理解题。由倒数第三段第四句“Do this when the weather is not too hot and not too cold．”可知，要在不冷不热的天气移栽幼苗。
4．B。推理判断题。文章主要介绍了如何在自己的花园里种植生菜。最可能刊登这类文章的是关于园艺的书籍。其余选项均与文章内容无关。
四、语法填空
(1)
1.encouraged。由下文by…可知，“我”感觉“受到了鼓舞”，用过去分词作表语，表示与逻辑主语I的被动关系。
2.when。当我们学习生词“eccentric”时，我们被要求用这个词造句。
3.were asked。见上题。
4.whose。whose代替所修饰词boy在定语从句中作定语，指“男孩儿”的。
5.laughter。burst into laughter 突然大笑起来。
6.After。after school 放学后。
7.would have dropped。从下文“if he hadn’t been helped by others.”可知，此句用了与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以用would have dropped。
8.have hurt。musthave hurt表示对过去发生的事的推测，表示“一定”做过……。
9.both。both… and表示“两者都”。
10.be encouraging。always与进行时连用时，表示一定的感彩，如赞赏、厌烦等。
(2)
1.ourselves。美丽的微笑不仅使发出微笑的人“自己”感到高兴，也能够使别人感觉愉快。
2.delighted。用过去分词作表语，表示人的感觉。
3.Sometimes。具体描述了微笑的威力，但是这个现象不总是如此，因此用sometimes。
4.suffering。动词suffer (遭受)与其所修饰词people是主动关系，所以用动词-ing形式。句意：有时微笑是如此的有力量以至于它会给遭受灾难的人们巨大的勇气。
5.named。name与其所修饰词是被动关系，用过去分词，表示“被叫作”Lang Zheng的男孩。
6.when。引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”。
7.was rescued。表示“得救”，用被动语态。
8.sadness。介词后要接名词或代词作宾语，所以用sad的名词sadness。
9.would be。从without smile可知，say的宾语从句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，所以用would be，without smile相当于虚拟条件句，表示“如果没有微笑的话”。
10.should smile/smile。句型It is suggested that…中that引导的虚拟语气常接“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。
五、书面表达
C·S·Lewis, one of the most famous British novelists and scholars, was born on 29 November, 1898 in Ireland. As a boy, Lewis had a great deal of affection for animals, and often wrote his own animal stories. Lewis’ father’s house was filled with books, which met Lewis desire of reading.
Lewis began his academic career at Oxford. In 1917, he volunteered to join the British Army during World War I. Lewis married an American writer in 1956. On 22 November, 1963, his life ended in England.
He produced many famous works as well as fictional novels, the most popular of which is The Chronicles of Narnia, which has been translated into more than 40 languages and has sold millions of copies. The book has also been adapted into films.