（人教版）高中英语选修七同步练习，补习资料：Unit 3 Under the sea语言点及其练习
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| 名称 | （人教版）高中英语选修七同步练习，补习资料：Unit 3 Under the sea语言点及其练习 |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-08-16 20:22:02 | ||
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Unit 3 Under the sea 语言点
学习目标
重点词汇
annual witness accommodation opposite yell pause drag
depth urge abandon target reflect scare awesome
重点短语
in the meantime be aware of ahead of ... to death help （...）out upside down
重点句型
It takes sb. some time/ ... to do sth.的变化
a time when...
知识讲解
重点词汇
annual
【原句回放】It was a time when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration. 那个时期，虎鲸（当时被称为“杀手”）帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。
【点拨】annual adj. 每年的，一年一次的；按年度计算的
n. 年刊，年报，年鉴
the annual output 年产量
an annual report 年度报告
the annual income 年收入
the annual rainfall 年降水量
Three million people will visit theatres in the annual six-week season.
在每年为期6周的戏剧季里，会有300万人去看戏。
(2018 北京高考) The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011．
成年秃鹫的年死亡率已经从2000年的38%降至2011年的5.4%。
In its annual report, UNICEF says at least 40,000 children die every day.
在其年度报告中，联合国儿童基金会称每天至少有4万名儿童死亡。
I looked for Tom’s picture in my high-school annual, but found none.
我在中学年刊中寻找汤姆的照片，却一张也没有找到。
【拓展】annually adv. 每年地，年度地
witness
【原句回放】I thought, at the time, that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many times. 当时我以为这只是一个故事罢了，但是后来我亲眼见过多次。
【点拨】witness vt.& vi. 亲眼看见，目睹，作证；
n. 见证人；目击者（与of连用）
We were witnessing the most important scientific development of the century.
我们正目睹着本世纪最重要的科学发展。
We witnessed great changes in the city. 我们见证了这个城市的巨大变化。
The police found the witness of the murder case. 警察找到了那起谋杀案的证人。
There was no witness at the scene of the accident. 在事故现场没有目击证人。
【拓展】常见搭配：witness to (doing...)为……作证
bear / give witness to 为......作证
in witness of 作为......的证据
a living witness to 活生生的证人
witness stand 证人席(美)＝witness box (英)
He witnessed to having seen the man enter the building.
他作证说他看到了那个人进入大楼。
The success of the show bears witness to our good planning.
演出的成功证明了我们计划的周全。
accommodation
【原句回放】On the afternoon I arrived at the station, as I was sorting out my accommodation, I heard a loud noise coming from the bay. 有天下午我来到捕鲸站，正在整理住处的时候，听到从海湾那边传来一阵喧闹声。
【点拨】accommodation n. 房间，住所；膳宿（常用复数）
常用搭配：make accommodation for the … 为……提供膳宿
book accommodation at a hotel 在旅馆预订房间
The high cost of accommodation makes life difficult for students in London.
住宿费用昂贵使伦敦的学生生活困难。
This hotel has accommodations for 600 guests. 这家旅馆可以为600人提供住处。
【拓展】accommodate v. 提供住宿；容纳；适应，调节
He will accommodate me with the use of his house while he is abroad.
他出国时，将把房子给我住。
One flat can accommodate a family of five. 一套房间可以住一个五口之家。
Wherever he goes, he readily accommodates to new circumstances.
无论他去哪里，他都很容易适应环境。
【补充】sort out分类，整理，解决
I’ve just sorted out the old magazines that can be thrown away.
我刚刚整理了可以扔掉的杂志。
I have got everything sorted out and I am ready to leave.
我把一切问题都处理好了，我要走了。
opposite
【原句回放】We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again. 我们及时赶到岸边，看到对面有一个庞大的动物猛力跃出水面，然后又坠落到水里。
【点拨】opposite
1. prep. 与……相对，在……对面
I sat opposite him during the meal. 吃饭的时候我坐在他的对面。
2. n. 相反的人或物，对立面
I thought she would be small and pretty but she’s the complete opposite.
我原以为她娇小漂亮，但是她恰恰相反。
3. adj. 相反的；对面的；完全不同的
The opposite approach is to use a bilingual dictionary.
另一种截然不同的方法就是使用一部双语词典。
4. adv. 在对面
The woman sitting opposite is a detective. 坐在对面的那个女的是个侦探。
yell
【原句回放】Another whaler yelled out, “Rush-oo... rush-oo.” 另一个捕鲸人大声喊叫，“快走啊......走啊。”
【点拨】yell v. 大叫，呼喊
n. 叫声，喊声
常用搭配：yell at 冲……大喊
yell out 大声喊叫
let out/give a yell大喊一声
She yelled at the child to get down from the wall. 她喊着让小孩从墙上下来。
Frank let out a yell and jumped away. 弗兰克大叫一声跳开了。
He gave a yell of delight as the election results came out.
选举结果出来后，他高兴得大喊了一声。
【拓展】有关“喊”的词汇
1. yell多指求援、鼓励时的呼叫，也可指因外界因素刺激而发出尖厉的声音。
The lost man yelled, hoping someone in the woods would hear him.
迷路的人大声喊叫着，希望林子里的人会听见。
2. call 指大声说话或喊叫，以引起某人的注意。
He called to me from the other side of the street. 他从街对面喊我。
3. cry 一般指因恐惧、痛苦、惊奇等而喊叫，也可指放声大哭。
She cried with grief when she heard news of her friend’s death.
听到朋友死亡的消息，她难过地哭了。
4. shout 指有意识地高声喊叫，常用于提出警告、发命令或唤起注意等。
I had to shout to make myself heard. 我得大声嚷， 否则根本听不见我的声音
5. roar 指发出大而深沉的声音、吼叫或咆哮。
In less than a minute, the motorboat roared past them only a few feet away.
不到一分钟的功夫，汽艇在离他们仅几英尺的地方咆哮而过。
6. scream 指因恐惧、快乐或痛苦而发出尖叫声。
The baby woke up screaming. 那婴儿醒来时尖声哭叫。
pause
【原句回放】Without pausing we jumped into the boat with the other whalers and headed out into the bay. 一刻不停地，我们和其他捕鲸人都跳进渔船，朝海湾方向驶去。
【点拨】pause vi. 暂停，中止
n. 停顿，停顿的时间
常用搭配：without pause 不停
give sb. pause 使某人认真考虑
The woman spoke almost without pausing for breath.
那个女人说话像放连珠炮似的。
They worked for three hours without pause. 他们连续工作了三个小时。
After a long pause, she went on with the story. 她停了好一会儿，继续讲故事。
drag
【原句回放】Within a moment or two, its body was dragged swiftly by the killers down into the depths of the sea. 过了片刻，鲸的尸体就被虎鲸们迅速拖向深海中。
【点拨】drag v. & n. 拖, 缓慢而费力地移动
常用搭配：drag sth. in 硬扯进
drag sb. down 把人拖垮
drag one’s feet 拖着脚步走
She always drags behind. 她总是在后面吃力地跟着。
We dragged the fallen tree from the road. 我们把倒下的树从路上拖走。
They dragged the secret out of me. 他们从我口里逼出秘密。
He considered his friend a drag on his business. 他认为他的朋友是他成功的绊脚石。
【拓展】pull, draw与drag
1. pull拉，是普通用语，仅指用力，但不强调力的大小，与push相对。
Pull the door open. Don’t push it. 把门拉开，别推。
2. draw比pull正式，常用于比喻中，表示“吸引(注意力等)”；draw表示“拉”时，所用的力气没有drag用的力气大。
He drew the curtains. 他拉上了窗帘。
3. drag指拖笨重的、阻力很大的东西。
The little boy is dragging a heavy bag of rice. 这小男孩正在费力地拖一大袋米。
depth
【原句回放】Within a moment or two, its body was dragged swiftly by the killers down into the depths of the sea. 过了片刻，鲸的尸体就被虎鲸们迅速拖向深海中。
【点拨】depth n. 深（度），向下的距离；向里的距离；深处
注意：表示“最深处、最末端部分”经常用复数形式。
常用搭配：to/at a depth of 到/在......的深处
（a metre/foot etc）in depth = (a metre/ foot) deep （一米/英尺等）深
in depth 深入，全面，详细
be out of one’s depth 非某人所能理解，为某人力所不及
in the depth(s) of 在......深处；在极端......中
The oil well extended several hundreds of feet in depth.
油井向下延伸了数百英尺。
Though fancy, his idea lacks depth. 虽有奇思妙想，但他的想法缺乏深度。
I felt completely out of my depth at the meeting. 在会上我感觉什么都不懂。
【拓展1】deep adj. 深的；adv. 深地，长久（时间）地
deeply adv. 深远地，深切地（相当于very much）
talk deep into the night 谈到深夜
deeply in love 深爱
deeply shocked 深受震动
【拓展2】-th后缀 表示“......度”
long→ length 长度 wide→ width 宽度 broad→ breadth 宽度
urge
【原句回放】“Man overboard！Turn the boat around!” urged George, shouting loudly. 乔治催促着大声喊道：“有人落水了！把船头调过去！”
【点拨】urge vt. 催促；极力主张
常用搭配：urge sb. to do sth. 力劝某人做某事
urge that ... 催促......；极力主张......
It is urged that ... 坚决要求.......
I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch. 我得到了莫伊拉的便条，催我与她联系。He urged that we (should) go at once. 他催促我们马上走。
It is urged that necessary measure should be taken to prevent campus violence.
人们坚决要求采取必要的措施来预防校园暴力。
注意：当urge作“极力主张，强烈要求”讲时，所接的宾语从句或主语从句等常用虚拟语气： (should＋) 动词原形。
【拓展】urge n. 强烈的欲望，冲动
Suddenly she had an urge to be with her son. 突然她很想与她儿子在一起。
abandon
【原句回放】 From James’s face, I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us. 从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。
【点拨】abandon vt. 放弃，抛弃，遗弃；中止
常用短语：abandon oneself to沉溺于
He abandoned his wife and went away with all their money.
他抛弃妻子，带着所有的钱逃跑了。
They abandoned the game because of rain. 因为下雨他们放弃了比赛。
He abandoned himself to despair. 他陷入了绝望。
【拓展】
1. abandon n. 尽情，任意，放纵
with abandon 放肆地、恣意地
He signed cheques with careless abandon. 他无所顾忌地乱开支票。
2. abandoned adj. 无约束的，无度的；放荡的
abandoned behaviors 恣意放荡的行为
3. abandonment n. 放弃，抛弃，废弃；中止
target
【原句回放】First, not only target fish are caught in the net, but many other sea animals are found hanging there. 首先，不但目标鱼被网捉住，而且许多其他的海洋动物也被发现挂在那里。
【点拨】target n. （攻击的）目标，指标，靶子
常用搭配：aim at the target 瞄准目标
hit/miss the target 中/脱靶
be/ become a target for/of 成为......的目标
He has set himself a target of saving ￥1000 per month.
他给自己设定了每月存1000元的目标。
The country is a target of criticism for its human rights record.
这个国家因为人权纪录成为批评的对象。
Higher degrees in English are a target for the students. 英语的高分是这些学生的目标。
【拓展】target v. 把......作为（攻击）目标/（批评的）对象
The advertisement was designed to target a mass audience.
这个广告是针对大众观众设计的。
reflect
【原句回放】I’m sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day— a day of pure magic! 我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情----这是神奇的一天！
【点拨】reflect vi./vt. 反射；表达，反映；思考，沉思
常用搭配：reflect on/upon 思考，回忆
Take some time to reflect on your future plans. 花点时间想想你的未来计划吧。
Many newspapers reflect the opinions of the children. 许多报纸反映了孩子们的观点。
A mirror reflects a picture of you when you look in it. 你看镜子里，镜子反射你的图像。
【拓展】reflection n. 反射; 反映; 沉思 on reflection 经再三思考
reflective 反光的，反映的，反射的
reflector 反射物
scare
【原句回放】I told myself they weren’t dangerous but that didn’t stop me from feeling scared to death for a moment. 我告诉自己他们并不危险，但是这样一点也不能抑制我那怕得要死的心情。
【点拨】scare vt. 恐吓，惊吓；使受惊
vi. 受惊吓
常用短语：be scared of 害怕......
be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事
(be) scared to death 吓死 （极其害怕）
scare sb. away/off 把某人吓跑/退
scare sb. into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事
注意：scare的过去分词相当于形容词，意为“感到惊慌/害怕的”，表示人的感觉。
Don’t let the noise scare you; it’s only the wind. 不要让那声音吓到你，只是风。
Seeing a tiger walking towards them，the small animals were too scared to move.
当看到一只老虎向它们走来时,这些小动物吓得一动也不敢动。
I was scared to death at the thought of making a speech. 我一想到发言就吓得要死。
【拓展】
1. scare n. 惊恐，恐慌
What a scare you gave me, appearing suddenly in the dark.
你突然出现在黑暗里，看把我吓得。
2. scary adj. 使人惊恐的，吓人的，可怕的
a scary moment 令人惊恐的时刻 a scary movie 一部令人恐怖的电影
awesome
【原句回放】Witness these awesome creature in natural environment as they leap out of the water and as they feed in our waters. 当它们跳出水面并且在我们这片水域觅食的时候，让我们目睹这些天然环境下让人敬畏的生物。
【点拨】awesome adj. 令人惊叹的，使人惊惧的；极好玩的
The silence in the hall was awesome. 会场是一片沉寂，静得有些令人生畏。
That was an awesome party. Everybody had fun.
那是个疯狂的聚会,每个人都很尽兴。
重点短语
【Under the sea词语精讲---词组】
in the meantime
【原句回放】 “In the meantime, Old Tom, and the others are having a good feed on its lips and tongue, ” added Red, laughing. 雷德笑着补充说：“在这段时间里，老汤姆和其他虎鲸会饱餐一顿的，鲸唇和鲸舌就是它们的美食。
【点拨】in the meantime 在此期间，与此同时 (=at the same time)
注意两个短语之间的介词搭配。
The new secretary won’t come until next week; in the meantime we’ve arranged for a temporary one. ?
新秘书下周才来，在此期间，我们已经安排了一个临时秘书。
【拓展】 同义词：meanwhile adv. (与此) 同时；?
Eve was cutting the grass, and meanwhile Adam was planting roses.
夏娃在割草，同时，亚当在种玫瑰。
be aware of
【原句回放】The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colors surrounding me.
【点拨】be/ become aware of 意识到，注意到，明白
注意：1. 相当于realize，有时有pay attention to之意；
2. 因of是介词，所以后接名词、代词、动名词；
3. aware 后可跟从句构成形容词的宾语。
We should always be aware of what we are doing at any time．
我们任何时候都应该注意我们正做的事。
Are you aware that they don’t get along well with each other?
你意识到他们相处不怎么好吗？
ahead of
【原句回放】“Come on, Clancy. To the boat,” George said as he ran ahead of me. “克兰西，快来，上船去。”乔治在我前面边跑边说。
【点拨】ahead of 在......之前；提前，领先，比......先进
He is walking ahead of me. 他走在我前面。
Ahead of us lay ten days of intensive training. 我们马上要面对的是10天的集训。
（lay是lie的过去时）
A still better tomorrow lies?ahead of?you. 一个更美好的明天展现在你们面前。
She was always well ahead of the rest of the class. 她在班里遥遥领先于其他人。
（注意表示程度的well）
...to death
【原句回放】I told myself they weren’t dangerous but that didn’t stop me from feeling scared to death for a moment. 我告诉自己他们并不危险，但是这样一点也不能抑制我那怕得要死的心情。
【点拨】…to death ......到死（有时是实情，有时是夸张的说法）
The seedling was frozen to?death. 这些幼苗被冻死了。
The old woman was scared to death at the terrible news.
听到这个消息时，老太太害怕得要死。（注意介词at表示原因）
Every year millions of poor children in the world starve to death.
每年世界上有成百万的穷孩子被饿死。
He was tired to death after a day’s work. 工作了一天，他要累死了。
The murderer was shot to death at a word. 那个谋杀犯立刻被击毙了。
The burglar was sentenced to death.
那个入室抢劫者被判处死刑了。（sentence 判决，宣判）■
help（...）out
【原句回放】What evidence was there that Old Tom was helping the whalers out？老汤姆帮助捕鲸人摆脱了危难，有什么证据吗？
【点拨】help(...) out帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难
I still remember the days when they helped me out a lot.
我仍然记得他们帮我很多忙的日子。
Jane helped him out of his financial difficulties. 简帮他解决了财务问题。
【拓展】
can’t help (to) do 不能帮忙
can’t help doing 不禁做；禁不住做
can’t help but do不能不做；不得不做
help oneself to (口) 请自己动手；请随便用
be of help to sb. 对某人有帮助
upside down
【原句回放】... the yellow and green parrotfish was hanging upside down, and sucking tiny plants off the coral with its hard bird-like mouth... 黄绿相间的鹦鹉鱼倒挂着，用它那像鸟嘴一样的硬嘴从珊瑚上吸吮微小的植物......
【点拨】upside down 上下翻转（的），上下颠倒（的）；乱七八糟，混乱
The plane was flying upside down at high speed. 飞机正高速上下翻转着飞行。
Everything in the room was turned upside down. 室内的一切都被搞得乱七八糟。
【拓展】inside out 里朝外
You’ve got your sweater on inside out. 你把毛衣穿反了。
重点句型
It takes sb. some time/ ... to do sth.的变化
【原句回放】It took over half an hour to get the boat back to James... 我们花了半个小时才把船调过头来，回到詹姆斯落水的地方。
【点拨】It takes (sb.) some time/ ... to do sth.
1. take 意为“花费、需要”，有时态的变化。
2. take前也可用具体名词作主语。
3. 除时间外，也可以用表示“精力、努力等”的名词。
It took a few minutes for his eyes to adjust to the dark.
过了几分钟他的眼睛才适应了黑暗。
It takes courage to admit you are wrong. 承认自己错了需要勇气。
Organizing a successful party takes a lot of energy.
组织一个成功的聚会需要花许多的精力。
The journey will take three hours. 旅程需要三个小时。
a time when...
【原句回放】It was a time when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration. 那个时期，虎鲸（当时被称为“杀手”）帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。
【点拨】a time when...
1. 此句中when引导的是定语从句，修饰a time，并代表time在从句中作时间状语。
2. 根据句子情况，when也可以用in which/ during which等代替。
3. time作“时期、时段”讲时可以是可数名词。
They lived a hard time when there was no electricity.
他们经历了一段没有电的困难日子。
It is a time when we communicate through mobile phones instead of letters.
这是一个我们用手机而不是写信交流的时代了。
There was a time when we had no flat of our own and we had to rent a room near the company.
有一段时间我们没有自己的公寓，只好在公司附近租了个房间。
巩固练习
一、单词填空
根据句意及所给汉语提示或首字母用单词的正确形式完成句子。
1. His yearly income is about 40,000. In other words, his _______ (每年的) income is not high.
2. If you intend to take a tour around Hangzhou, you’d better phone a hotel for _______ (住宿).
3. He prefers a job that doesn’t require any great _______ (深度) of knowledge.
4. They all _______ (逃离) the burning building last night.
5. There are many _______ (轶事) about that hero, which are short accounts of an incident.
6. He ________ (拖) his suitcases along the platform. They were too heavy to carry.
7. (2018 重庆高考)The guides take you to beautiful，______(浅的) lakes full of water lilies.
8. A speaker should _______ (暂停) when coming to the end of a sentence.
9. Seriousness is good, but being over-demanding may sometimes have the o________ effect.
10. He is working very hard to achieve his t________ of buying a big house for his family.
11. (2018 江苏高考) People volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social r__________.
12. The final score of the basketball match was 93 to 94.We were only n________ beaten.
二、选词填空
从下面方框中选出适当的短语或单词并用其正确形式填空。
witness; yell out; be aware of; reflect; scare... to death; help... out; abandoned; have a good feed on; upside down; in the meantime
1. I’ll phone for a taxi. _____________ you must get packed.
2. She _____________ at the scary scenes when watching the horror movie.
3. All the volunteers joining the organization have _______________ the importance of protecting the environment.
4. Her parents _______ her _______ with some money when she lost her job.
5. After a long tiring day, she is ________________ delicious food.
6. She is the only person who ________ the accident that took place last night.
7. Her husband’s sudden death turned her world ___________.
8. The big man squeezed his hand, which made him ________ in pain.
9. (2018 北京东城区期末) Because of the fog they _________ their idea of driving to the beach.
10. Our newspaper aims to ______ the views of the local community.
三、单项选择
1. The conference will begin in an hour; ________, let’s have a rest.
A. on the meantime B. in the meantimes
C. in the meantime D. in meanwhile
2. Just as the clothes a person wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time, his house _______ his personality.?
A. resembles B. strengthens? C. reflects D. shapes?
3. The doctor _______ an X-ray test, and then he could make a conclusion.
A. urged me to have B. urged me having C. urged against D. urged on me
4. My little brother was obviously in some kind of trouble, but I really didn’t know how to ________.
A．figure him out B．sort him out C．help him out D．take him out
5. The police turned the whole office ________ looking for clues.
A. upside down B. up and down C. side by side D. down to earth
6. After trying hard, they _______ the hope of finding an effective way to solve the problem.
A. abandoned B. released C. discouraged D. resigned
7. Mum has always made me ________ my skin problem and encouraged me to use the cream.
A. aware of B. compared to C. familiar with D. accustomed to
8. The old man lives on a _________ after his retirement.
A. pension B. refund C. salary D. wage
9. The accused had many ________ to prove that he was not guilty.
A．judges B．witnesses C．lawyers D．passers-by
10. Set yourself a ________ that you can reasonably hope to achieve which should be not too high nor too low.
A．purpose B．cause C．reason D．target
11. After the earthquake，the first thing the local government did was to provide __________ for the homeless families.
A．accommodation B．occupation C．equipment D．furniture
12. The two sides held ________ views on the problem at first. How did it come about that they finally came to an agreement?
A．similar B．opposite C．firm D．vivid
13. Don’t turn the room __________, as I have just tidied it.
A. upside down B. inside C. outside D. inside down
14. The steel output in the company has reached a(n) ________ figure of one million tons, that is to say, the company has been able to produce one million tons of steel per year.
A．daily B．monthly C．annually D．annual
15. There was a time _______ I had to depend on myself for a living, which had great effect on my character.
A. which B. when C. where D. whenever
16. Sorry, we are late—our plane was ________ because of the heavy rain.
A. held out B. held on C. held up D. held back
17. She was scared _______ on the horse. ?
A. to ride B. riding? C. of being ridden D. rode
18. I had to ________ everything in that room dumped by the workers who helped us moved here.
A. set out B. sort out C. pick out D. test out
19. The car broke down on my way home. I had to have it ________ by the other car to the garage.
A. dragged B. driven C. drag D. drive
20. A(n) ________ thunderstorm struck the city yesterday, resulting in traffic jam on the roads.
A. absurd B. alarmed C. beneficial D. awesome
四、短文改错 (2018 河北省衡水市冀州中学高三上学期第四次月考)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（/），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Ten years ago, I had worked as a night guard in a factory. On a rainy night, all the lights of factory went out all of a sudden. I rushed out and could see nothing. Lucky for me, the warning system was directly connected with the police station. Three or four minutes late, four police car arrived at the front gate. They searched for the factory carefully, tried to find something unusual. In the end, I am told that the rain had brought about the short circuit, that caused the accident.
五、语法填空
（2018 甘肃兰州一中期中）
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式(不多于3个单词)
The “selfie” is used to describe the self-taken photo, often from a smartphone. Someone takes about 10 selfies each time he does, and he only ends up ___1___ (post) one or two of those. He picks the one that he feels make him look the ___2___ (good). In that picture, he gains confidence. For that moment, everything bad or terrible that has happened to him ___3___ (remove), because that smile is what gives him the ___4___ (determine) to love himself.
I read ___5___ poem recently and the young man said, “If I ask you ___6___ you love, the answers will most likely roll off your tongue. You love to read. You love to write. You love your mom, you daughter, or your friends. How long do you think you can go on and on before you say ‘I love ___7___ ( I )’ ”
That statement hit me like a ton of bricks. I’ve struggled with confidence all my life. I still do. And in ___8___ way am I saying that taking a selfie is a gateway ___9___ confidence. ___10___, the selfie does deserve some credit for allowing individuals to express themselves.
答案与解析：
一、单词填空
1. annual 2. accommodation 3. depth 4. fled 5. anecdotes
6. dragged 7. shallow 8. pause 9.opposite 10. target
11. relationships 12. narrowly
解析：
4. flee的过去式、过去分词是fled，可以是及物动词，直接接“逃离”的地点。
9. 句意：认真是好的，但是过度要求有时可能会有反作用。
12. 句意：篮球赛的最后比分是93：94。我们只是险胜。narrowly狭窄地; 勉强地; 好容易(才)。
二、选词填空
1. In the meantime 2. was scared to death 3. been aware of 4. helped... out
5. having a good feed on 6. witnessed 7. upside down 8. yell out
9. abandoned 10. reflect
三、单项选择
1. C。in the meantime 在此期间，同时；meanwhile 也有“同时，期间”之意，因为可以是副词，不需加介词。
2. C。reflect 反映； strengthen 加强，巩固；shape塑形；resemble 类似。句意：就好像一个人穿什么、吃什么以及和什么样的人交往能反映人的个性一样，一个人的住房也是这样。
3. A。urge sb. to do sth. 力劝某人做某事。
4. C。help sb. out 帮助某人解决困难；figure sb. out 弄明白，看透，理解某人；sort sb. out妥善处理；加以分类；take sb. out 带某人出去。句意：我小弟弟很明显有了某种麻烦，可我却真的不知如何帮他。
5. A。upside down 上下翻转，乱七八糟地；up and down 上上下下，来来回回； side by side 肩并肩；down to earth务实的。
6. A。abandon 放弃；release 释放；discourage 使气馁；resign 辞职。
7. A。aware of 意识到；compared to 被比作；familiar with 熟悉；accustomed to 习惯于......的。句意：妈妈总是让我认识到我的皮肤问题，鼓励我用面霜。
8. A。pension 养老金；refund 退款；salary薪水，月薪；wage 工资（常按周、日或小时发）。
9. B。考查名词词义辨析。judge法官，裁判员；lawyer律师；passer-by过路人。witness证人，符合题意。句意：被告有很多证人证明他是无罪的。
10. D。句意：给自己制定一个合理的有望实现的目标，既不能过高，又不能过低。target 目标。purpose 目的；cause 起因；事业；reason 原因。
11. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：地震以后，当地政府所做的第一件事情就是为无家可归者提供住处。accommodation 住处。occupation 职业；equipment 装备；furniture 家具。
12. B。句意：最初双方意见相左，最终他们怎么达成协议了呢？similar 相似的；opposite 相反的；firm 坚定的；vivid 生动的。
13. A。句意：不要把房间弄得乱七八糟，我刚刚整理完。upside down 上下颠倒，乱七八糟。
14. D。考查表示时间的形容词。annual意为“每年的”；与后文per year照应。annually是副词，不可作定语。
15. B。time 意为“时期，时代”，要填入的关系代词要代表先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，所以选when。
16. B。考查动词短语辨析。hold out 坚持，维持；hold on 坚持，不挂断；hold up 延期，耽误；hold back 隐藏，扣留。句意：抱歉，我们迟到了——我们的飞机因为大雨而延误了。
17. A。be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事。
18. B。sort out 分类，整理，解决（问题或困难）；set out 动身，开始；pick out 挑选，取出；test out 试验。句意：我必须整理帮我们搬家的工人们堆在那个房间里的一切东西。
19. A。句意：回家的路上我的车抛锚了，我不得不让别的车把它拖到修车厂。have sth. done 使某事被做。因为指代“the car”的it与drag是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。
20. D。句意：昨天,一场可怕的暴风雨侵袭了这个城市，造成了公路拥堵。absurd 荒唐的； alarmed （人）感到害怕的；beneficial 有益的；awesome 令人敬畏的，使人畏惧的，可怕的，棒极了的。
四、短文改错
【文章综述】本文讲述十年前我在一个工厂做夜班守卫时发生的故事。
1．去掉had 考查动词的时态。根据前面的时间状语，说明只有过去时。
2．of后面加the 考查冠词；特指factory，故使用the。
3．and改成but 考查连词。上下文是转折关系，故使用but。
4．lucky改成luckily 考查副词。用副词做状语，修饰整个句子。
5．late改成later 考查副词。later放在一段时间的后面。
6．car改成cars 考查名词。根据上文的four说明使用复数形式。
7．去掉for 考查动词的用法。search可以作为及物动词search the place搜查某地。
8．tried 改成trying 考查非谓语动词。they与try构成主动关系，使用现在分词做状语。
9. am改成was 考查动词的时态。本文使用一般过去式。
10. that改成which考查定语从句；非限制性定语从句不能用that引导。
五、语法填空
1. posting 2. best 3. is removed 4. determination 5. a
6. what 7. myself 8. no 9. to 10.However
学习目标
重点词汇
annual witness accommodation opposite yell pause drag
depth urge abandon target reflect scare awesome
重点短语
in the meantime be aware of ahead of ... to death help （...）out upside down
重点句型
It takes sb. some time/ ... to do sth.的变化
a time when...
知识讲解
重点词汇
annual
【原句回放】It was a time when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration. 那个时期，虎鲸（当时被称为“杀手”）帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。
【点拨】annual adj. 每年的，一年一次的；按年度计算的
n. 年刊，年报，年鉴
the annual output 年产量
an annual report 年度报告
the annual income 年收入
the annual rainfall 年降水量
Three million people will visit theatres in the annual six-week season.
在每年为期6周的戏剧季里，会有300万人去看戏。
(2018 北京高考) The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011．
成年秃鹫的年死亡率已经从2000年的38%降至2011年的5.4%。
In its annual report, UNICEF says at least 40,000 children die every day.
在其年度报告中，联合国儿童基金会称每天至少有4万名儿童死亡。
I looked for Tom’s picture in my high-school annual, but found none.
我在中学年刊中寻找汤姆的照片，却一张也没有找到。
【拓展】annually adv. 每年地，年度地
witness
【原句回放】I thought, at the time, that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many times. 当时我以为这只是一个故事罢了，但是后来我亲眼见过多次。
【点拨】witness vt.& vi. 亲眼看见，目睹，作证；
n. 见证人；目击者（与of连用）
We were witnessing the most important scientific development of the century.
我们正目睹着本世纪最重要的科学发展。
We witnessed great changes in the city. 我们见证了这个城市的巨大变化。
The police found the witness of the murder case. 警察找到了那起谋杀案的证人。
There was no witness at the scene of the accident. 在事故现场没有目击证人。
【拓展】常见搭配：witness to (doing...)为……作证
bear / give witness to 为......作证
in witness of 作为......的证据
a living witness to 活生生的证人
witness stand 证人席(美)＝witness box (英)
He witnessed to having seen the man enter the building.
他作证说他看到了那个人进入大楼。
The success of the show bears witness to our good planning.
演出的成功证明了我们计划的周全。
accommodation
【原句回放】On the afternoon I arrived at the station, as I was sorting out my accommodation, I heard a loud noise coming from the bay. 有天下午我来到捕鲸站，正在整理住处的时候，听到从海湾那边传来一阵喧闹声。
【点拨】accommodation n. 房间，住所；膳宿（常用复数）
常用搭配：make accommodation for the … 为……提供膳宿
book accommodation at a hotel 在旅馆预订房间
The high cost of accommodation makes life difficult for students in London.
住宿费用昂贵使伦敦的学生生活困难。
This hotel has accommodations for 600 guests. 这家旅馆可以为600人提供住处。
【拓展】accommodate v. 提供住宿；容纳；适应，调节
He will accommodate me with the use of his house while he is abroad.
他出国时，将把房子给我住。
One flat can accommodate a family of five. 一套房间可以住一个五口之家。
Wherever he goes, he readily accommodates to new circumstances.
无论他去哪里，他都很容易适应环境。
【补充】sort out分类，整理，解决
I’ve just sorted out the old magazines that can be thrown away.
我刚刚整理了可以扔掉的杂志。
I have got everything sorted out and I am ready to leave.
我把一切问题都处理好了，我要走了。
opposite
【原句回放】We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again. 我们及时赶到岸边，看到对面有一个庞大的动物猛力跃出水面，然后又坠落到水里。
【点拨】opposite
1. prep. 与……相对，在……对面
I sat opposite him during the meal. 吃饭的时候我坐在他的对面。
2. n. 相反的人或物，对立面
I thought she would be small and pretty but she’s the complete opposite.
我原以为她娇小漂亮，但是她恰恰相反。
3. adj. 相反的；对面的；完全不同的
The opposite approach is to use a bilingual dictionary.
另一种截然不同的方法就是使用一部双语词典。
4. adv. 在对面
The woman sitting opposite is a detective. 坐在对面的那个女的是个侦探。
yell
【原句回放】Another whaler yelled out, “Rush-oo... rush-oo.” 另一个捕鲸人大声喊叫，“快走啊......走啊。”
【点拨】yell v. 大叫，呼喊
n. 叫声，喊声
常用搭配：yell at 冲……大喊
yell out 大声喊叫
let out/give a yell大喊一声
She yelled at the child to get down from the wall. 她喊着让小孩从墙上下来。
Frank let out a yell and jumped away. 弗兰克大叫一声跳开了。
He gave a yell of delight as the election results came out.
选举结果出来后，他高兴得大喊了一声。
【拓展】有关“喊”的词汇
1. yell多指求援、鼓励时的呼叫，也可指因外界因素刺激而发出尖厉的声音。
The lost man yelled, hoping someone in the woods would hear him.
迷路的人大声喊叫着，希望林子里的人会听见。
2. call 指大声说话或喊叫，以引起某人的注意。
He called to me from the other side of the street. 他从街对面喊我。
3. cry 一般指因恐惧、痛苦、惊奇等而喊叫，也可指放声大哭。
She cried with grief when she heard news of her friend’s death.
听到朋友死亡的消息，她难过地哭了。
4. shout 指有意识地高声喊叫，常用于提出警告、发命令或唤起注意等。
I had to shout to make myself heard. 我得大声嚷， 否则根本听不见我的声音
5. roar 指发出大而深沉的声音、吼叫或咆哮。
In less than a minute, the motorboat roared past them only a few feet away.
不到一分钟的功夫，汽艇在离他们仅几英尺的地方咆哮而过。
6. scream 指因恐惧、快乐或痛苦而发出尖叫声。
The baby woke up screaming. 那婴儿醒来时尖声哭叫。
pause
【原句回放】Without pausing we jumped into the boat with the other whalers and headed out into the bay. 一刻不停地，我们和其他捕鲸人都跳进渔船，朝海湾方向驶去。
【点拨】pause vi. 暂停，中止
n. 停顿，停顿的时间
常用搭配：without pause 不停
give sb. pause 使某人认真考虑
The woman spoke almost without pausing for breath.
那个女人说话像放连珠炮似的。
They worked for three hours without pause. 他们连续工作了三个小时。
After a long pause, she went on with the story. 她停了好一会儿，继续讲故事。
drag
【原句回放】Within a moment or two, its body was dragged swiftly by the killers down into the depths of the sea. 过了片刻，鲸的尸体就被虎鲸们迅速拖向深海中。
【点拨】drag v. & n. 拖, 缓慢而费力地移动
常用搭配：drag sth. in 硬扯进
drag sb. down 把人拖垮
drag one’s feet 拖着脚步走
She always drags behind. 她总是在后面吃力地跟着。
We dragged the fallen tree from the road. 我们把倒下的树从路上拖走。
They dragged the secret out of me. 他们从我口里逼出秘密。
He considered his friend a drag on his business. 他认为他的朋友是他成功的绊脚石。
【拓展】pull, draw与drag
1. pull拉，是普通用语，仅指用力，但不强调力的大小，与push相对。
Pull the door open. Don’t push it. 把门拉开，别推。
2. draw比pull正式，常用于比喻中，表示“吸引(注意力等)”；draw表示“拉”时，所用的力气没有drag用的力气大。
He drew the curtains. 他拉上了窗帘。
3. drag指拖笨重的、阻力很大的东西。
The little boy is dragging a heavy bag of rice. 这小男孩正在费力地拖一大袋米。
depth
【原句回放】Within a moment or two, its body was dragged swiftly by the killers down into the depths of the sea. 过了片刻，鲸的尸体就被虎鲸们迅速拖向深海中。
【点拨】depth n. 深（度），向下的距离；向里的距离；深处
注意：表示“最深处、最末端部分”经常用复数形式。
常用搭配：to/at a depth of 到/在......的深处
（a metre/foot etc）in depth = (a metre/ foot) deep （一米/英尺等）深
in depth 深入，全面，详细
be out of one’s depth 非某人所能理解，为某人力所不及
in the depth(s) of 在......深处；在极端......中
The oil well extended several hundreds of feet in depth.
油井向下延伸了数百英尺。
Though fancy, his idea lacks depth. 虽有奇思妙想，但他的想法缺乏深度。
I felt completely out of my depth at the meeting. 在会上我感觉什么都不懂。
【拓展1】deep adj. 深的；adv. 深地，长久（时间）地
deeply adv. 深远地，深切地（相当于very much）
talk deep into the night 谈到深夜
deeply in love 深爱
deeply shocked 深受震动
【拓展2】-th后缀 表示“......度”
long→ length 长度 wide→ width 宽度 broad→ breadth 宽度
urge
【原句回放】“Man overboard！Turn the boat around!” urged George, shouting loudly. 乔治催促着大声喊道：“有人落水了！把船头调过去！”
【点拨】urge vt. 催促；极力主张
常用搭配：urge sb. to do sth. 力劝某人做某事
urge that ... 催促......；极力主张......
It is urged that ... 坚决要求.......
I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch. 我得到了莫伊拉的便条，催我与她联系。He urged that we (should) go at once. 他催促我们马上走。
It is urged that necessary measure should be taken to prevent campus violence.
人们坚决要求采取必要的措施来预防校园暴力。
注意：当urge作“极力主张，强烈要求”讲时，所接的宾语从句或主语从句等常用虚拟语气： (should＋) 动词原形。
【拓展】urge n. 强烈的欲望，冲动
Suddenly she had an urge to be with her son. 突然她很想与她儿子在一起。
abandon
【原句回放】 From James’s face, I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us. 从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。
【点拨】abandon vt. 放弃，抛弃，遗弃；中止
常用短语：abandon oneself to沉溺于
He abandoned his wife and went away with all their money.
他抛弃妻子，带着所有的钱逃跑了。
They abandoned the game because of rain. 因为下雨他们放弃了比赛。
He abandoned himself to despair. 他陷入了绝望。
【拓展】
1. abandon n. 尽情，任意，放纵
with abandon 放肆地、恣意地
He signed cheques with careless abandon. 他无所顾忌地乱开支票。
2. abandoned adj. 无约束的，无度的；放荡的
abandoned behaviors 恣意放荡的行为
3. abandonment n. 放弃，抛弃，废弃；中止
target
【原句回放】First, not only target fish are caught in the net, but many other sea animals are found hanging there. 首先，不但目标鱼被网捉住，而且许多其他的海洋动物也被发现挂在那里。
【点拨】target n. （攻击的）目标，指标，靶子
常用搭配：aim at the target 瞄准目标
hit/miss the target 中/脱靶
be/ become a target for/of 成为......的目标
He has set himself a target of saving ￥1000 per month.
他给自己设定了每月存1000元的目标。
The country is a target of criticism for its human rights record.
这个国家因为人权纪录成为批评的对象。
Higher degrees in English are a target for the students. 英语的高分是这些学生的目标。
【拓展】target v. 把......作为（攻击）目标/（批评的）对象
The advertisement was designed to target a mass audience.
这个广告是针对大众观众设计的。
reflect
【原句回放】I’m sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day— a day of pure magic! 我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情----这是神奇的一天！
【点拨】reflect vi./vt. 反射；表达，反映；思考，沉思
常用搭配：reflect on/upon 思考，回忆
Take some time to reflect on your future plans. 花点时间想想你的未来计划吧。
Many newspapers reflect the opinions of the children. 许多报纸反映了孩子们的观点。
A mirror reflects a picture of you when you look in it. 你看镜子里，镜子反射你的图像。
【拓展】reflection n. 反射; 反映; 沉思 on reflection 经再三思考
reflective 反光的，反映的，反射的
reflector 反射物
scare
【原句回放】I told myself they weren’t dangerous but that didn’t stop me from feeling scared to death for a moment. 我告诉自己他们并不危险，但是这样一点也不能抑制我那怕得要死的心情。
【点拨】scare vt. 恐吓，惊吓；使受惊
vi. 受惊吓
常用短语：be scared of 害怕......
be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事
(be) scared to death 吓死 （极其害怕）
scare sb. away/off 把某人吓跑/退
scare sb. into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事
注意：scare的过去分词相当于形容词，意为“感到惊慌/害怕的”，表示人的感觉。
Don’t let the noise scare you; it’s only the wind. 不要让那声音吓到你，只是风。
Seeing a tiger walking towards them，the small animals were too scared to move.
当看到一只老虎向它们走来时,这些小动物吓得一动也不敢动。
I was scared to death at the thought of making a speech. 我一想到发言就吓得要死。
【拓展】
1. scare n. 惊恐，恐慌
What a scare you gave me, appearing suddenly in the dark.
你突然出现在黑暗里，看把我吓得。
2. scary adj. 使人惊恐的，吓人的，可怕的
a scary moment 令人惊恐的时刻 a scary movie 一部令人恐怖的电影
awesome
【原句回放】Witness these awesome creature in natural environment as they leap out of the water and as they feed in our waters. 当它们跳出水面并且在我们这片水域觅食的时候，让我们目睹这些天然环境下让人敬畏的生物。
【点拨】awesome adj. 令人惊叹的，使人惊惧的；极好玩的
The silence in the hall was awesome. 会场是一片沉寂，静得有些令人生畏。
That was an awesome party. Everybody had fun.
那是个疯狂的聚会,每个人都很尽兴。
重点短语
【Under the sea词语精讲---词组】
in the meantime
【原句回放】 “In the meantime, Old Tom, and the others are having a good feed on its lips and tongue, ” added Red, laughing. 雷德笑着补充说：“在这段时间里，老汤姆和其他虎鲸会饱餐一顿的，鲸唇和鲸舌就是它们的美食。
【点拨】in the meantime 在此期间，与此同时 (=at the same time)
注意两个短语之间的介词搭配。
The new secretary won’t come until next week; in the meantime we’ve arranged for a temporary one. ?
新秘书下周才来，在此期间，我们已经安排了一个临时秘书。
【拓展】 同义词：meanwhile adv. (与此) 同时；?
Eve was cutting the grass, and meanwhile Adam was planting roses.
夏娃在割草，同时，亚当在种玫瑰。
be aware of
【原句回放】The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colors surrounding me.
【点拨】be/ become aware of 意识到，注意到，明白
注意：1. 相当于realize，有时有pay attention to之意；
2. 因of是介词，所以后接名词、代词、动名词；
3. aware 后可跟从句构成形容词的宾语。
We should always be aware of what we are doing at any time．
我们任何时候都应该注意我们正做的事。
Are you aware that they don’t get along well with each other?
你意识到他们相处不怎么好吗？
ahead of
【原句回放】“Come on, Clancy. To the boat,” George said as he ran ahead of me. “克兰西，快来，上船去。”乔治在我前面边跑边说。
【点拨】ahead of 在......之前；提前，领先，比......先进
He is walking ahead of me. 他走在我前面。
Ahead of us lay ten days of intensive training. 我们马上要面对的是10天的集训。
（lay是lie的过去时）
A still better tomorrow lies?ahead of?you. 一个更美好的明天展现在你们面前。
She was always well ahead of the rest of the class. 她在班里遥遥领先于其他人。
（注意表示程度的well）
...to death
【原句回放】I told myself they weren’t dangerous but that didn’t stop me from feeling scared to death for a moment. 我告诉自己他们并不危险，但是这样一点也不能抑制我那怕得要死的心情。
【点拨】…to death ......到死（有时是实情，有时是夸张的说法）
The seedling was frozen to?death. 这些幼苗被冻死了。
The old woman was scared to death at the terrible news.
听到这个消息时，老太太害怕得要死。（注意介词at表示原因）
Every year millions of poor children in the world starve to death.
每年世界上有成百万的穷孩子被饿死。
He was tired to death after a day’s work. 工作了一天，他要累死了。
The murderer was shot to death at a word. 那个谋杀犯立刻被击毙了。
The burglar was sentenced to death.
那个入室抢劫者被判处死刑了。（sentence 判决，宣判）■
help（...）out
【原句回放】What evidence was there that Old Tom was helping the whalers out？老汤姆帮助捕鲸人摆脱了危难，有什么证据吗？
【点拨】help(...) out帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难
I still remember the days when they helped me out a lot.
我仍然记得他们帮我很多忙的日子。
Jane helped him out of his financial difficulties. 简帮他解决了财务问题。
【拓展】
can’t help (to) do 不能帮忙
can’t help doing 不禁做；禁不住做
can’t help but do不能不做；不得不做
help oneself to (口) 请自己动手；请随便用
be of help to sb. 对某人有帮助
upside down
【原句回放】... the yellow and green parrotfish was hanging upside down, and sucking tiny plants off the coral with its hard bird-like mouth... 黄绿相间的鹦鹉鱼倒挂着，用它那像鸟嘴一样的硬嘴从珊瑚上吸吮微小的植物......
【点拨】upside down 上下翻转（的），上下颠倒（的）；乱七八糟，混乱
The plane was flying upside down at high speed. 飞机正高速上下翻转着飞行。
Everything in the room was turned upside down. 室内的一切都被搞得乱七八糟。
【拓展】inside out 里朝外
You’ve got your sweater on inside out. 你把毛衣穿反了。
重点句型
It takes sb. some time/ ... to do sth.的变化
【原句回放】It took over half an hour to get the boat back to James... 我们花了半个小时才把船调过头来，回到詹姆斯落水的地方。
【点拨】It takes (sb.) some time/ ... to do sth.
1. take 意为“花费、需要”，有时态的变化。
2. take前也可用具体名词作主语。
3. 除时间外，也可以用表示“精力、努力等”的名词。
It took a few minutes for his eyes to adjust to the dark.
过了几分钟他的眼睛才适应了黑暗。
It takes courage to admit you are wrong. 承认自己错了需要勇气。
Organizing a successful party takes a lot of energy.
组织一个成功的聚会需要花许多的精力。
The journey will take three hours. 旅程需要三个小时。
a time when...
【原句回放】It was a time when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration. 那个时期，虎鲸（当时被称为“杀手”）帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。
【点拨】a time when...
1. 此句中when引导的是定语从句，修饰a time，并代表time在从句中作时间状语。
2. 根据句子情况，when也可以用in which/ during which等代替。
3. time作“时期、时段”讲时可以是可数名词。
They lived a hard time when there was no electricity.
他们经历了一段没有电的困难日子。
It is a time when we communicate through mobile phones instead of letters.
这是一个我们用手机而不是写信交流的时代了。
There was a time when we had no flat of our own and we had to rent a room near the company.
有一段时间我们没有自己的公寓，只好在公司附近租了个房间。
巩固练习
一、单词填空
根据句意及所给汉语提示或首字母用单词的正确形式完成句子。
1. His yearly income is about 40,000. In other words, his _______ (每年的) income is not high.
2. If you intend to take a tour around Hangzhou, you’d better phone a hotel for _______ (住宿).
3. He prefers a job that doesn’t require any great _______ (深度) of knowledge.
4. They all _______ (逃离) the burning building last night.
5. There are many _______ (轶事) about that hero, which are short accounts of an incident.
6. He ________ (拖) his suitcases along the platform. They were too heavy to carry.
7. (2018 重庆高考)The guides take you to beautiful，______(浅的) lakes full of water lilies.
8. A speaker should _______ (暂停) when coming to the end of a sentence.
9. Seriousness is good, but being over-demanding may sometimes have the o________ effect.
10. He is working very hard to achieve his t________ of buying a big house for his family.
11. (2018 江苏高考) People volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social r__________.
12. The final score of the basketball match was 93 to 94.We were only n________ beaten.
二、选词填空
从下面方框中选出适当的短语或单词并用其正确形式填空。
witness; yell out; be aware of; reflect; scare... to death; help... out; abandoned; have a good feed on; upside down; in the meantime
1. I’ll phone for a taxi. _____________ you must get packed.
2. She _____________ at the scary scenes when watching the horror movie.
3. All the volunteers joining the organization have _______________ the importance of protecting the environment.
4. Her parents _______ her _______ with some money when she lost her job.
5. After a long tiring day, she is ________________ delicious food.
6. She is the only person who ________ the accident that took place last night.
7. Her husband’s sudden death turned her world ___________.
8. The big man squeezed his hand, which made him ________ in pain.
9. (2018 北京东城区期末) Because of the fog they _________ their idea of driving to the beach.
10. Our newspaper aims to ______ the views of the local community.
三、单项选择
1. The conference will begin in an hour; ________, let’s have a rest.
A. on the meantime B. in the meantimes
C. in the meantime D. in meanwhile
2. Just as the clothes a person wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time, his house _______ his personality.?
A. resembles B. strengthens? C. reflects D. shapes?
3. The doctor _______ an X-ray test, and then he could make a conclusion.
A. urged me to have B. urged me having C. urged against D. urged on me
4. My little brother was obviously in some kind of trouble, but I really didn’t know how to ________.
A．figure him out B．sort him out C．help him out D．take him out
5. The police turned the whole office ________ looking for clues.
A. upside down B. up and down C. side by side D. down to earth
6. After trying hard, they _______ the hope of finding an effective way to solve the problem.
A. abandoned B. released C. discouraged D. resigned
7. Mum has always made me ________ my skin problem and encouraged me to use the cream.
A. aware of B. compared to C. familiar with D. accustomed to
8. The old man lives on a _________ after his retirement.
A. pension B. refund C. salary D. wage
9. The accused had many ________ to prove that he was not guilty.
A．judges B．witnesses C．lawyers D．passers-by
10. Set yourself a ________ that you can reasonably hope to achieve which should be not too high nor too low.
A．purpose B．cause C．reason D．target
11. After the earthquake，the first thing the local government did was to provide __________ for the homeless families.
A．accommodation B．occupation C．equipment D．furniture
12. The two sides held ________ views on the problem at first. How did it come about that they finally came to an agreement?
A．similar B．opposite C．firm D．vivid
13. Don’t turn the room __________, as I have just tidied it.
A. upside down B. inside C. outside D. inside down
14. The steel output in the company has reached a(n) ________ figure of one million tons, that is to say, the company has been able to produce one million tons of steel per year.
A．daily B．monthly C．annually D．annual
15. There was a time _______ I had to depend on myself for a living, which had great effect on my character.
A. which B. when C. where D. whenever
16. Sorry, we are late—our plane was ________ because of the heavy rain.
A. held out B. held on C. held up D. held back
17. She was scared _______ on the horse. ?
A. to ride B. riding? C. of being ridden D. rode
18. I had to ________ everything in that room dumped by the workers who helped us moved here.
A. set out B. sort out C. pick out D. test out
19. The car broke down on my way home. I had to have it ________ by the other car to the garage.
A. dragged B. driven C. drag D. drive
20. A(n) ________ thunderstorm struck the city yesterday, resulting in traffic jam on the roads.
A. absurd B. alarmed C. beneficial D. awesome
四、短文改错 (2018 河北省衡水市冀州中学高三上学期第四次月考)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（/），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Ten years ago, I had worked as a night guard in a factory. On a rainy night, all the lights of factory went out all of a sudden. I rushed out and could see nothing. Lucky for me, the warning system was directly connected with the police station. Three or four minutes late, four police car arrived at the front gate. They searched for the factory carefully, tried to find something unusual. In the end, I am told that the rain had brought about the short circuit, that caused the accident.
五、语法填空
（2018 甘肃兰州一中期中）
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式(不多于3个单词)
The “selfie” is used to describe the self-taken photo, often from a smartphone. Someone takes about 10 selfies each time he does, and he only ends up ___1___ (post) one or two of those. He picks the one that he feels make him look the ___2___ (good). In that picture, he gains confidence. For that moment, everything bad or terrible that has happened to him ___3___ (remove), because that smile is what gives him the ___4___ (determine) to love himself.
I read ___5___ poem recently and the young man said, “If I ask you ___6___ you love, the answers will most likely roll off your tongue. You love to read. You love to write. You love your mom, you daughter, or your friends. How long do you think you can go on and on before you say ‘I love ___7___ ( I )’ ”
That statement hit me like a ton of bricks. I’ve struggled with confidence all my life. I still do. And in ___8___ way am I saying that taking a selfie is a gateway ___9___ confidence. ___10___, the selfie does deserve some credit for allowing individuals to express themselves.
答案与解析：
一、单词填空
1. annual 2. accommodation 3. depth 4. fled 5. anecdotes
6. dragged 7. shallow 8. pause 9.opposite 10. target
11. relationships 12. narrowly
解析：
4. flee的过去式、过去分词是fled，可以是及物动词，直接接“逃离”的地点。
9. 句意：认真是好的，但是过度要求有时可能会有反作用。
12. 句意：篮球赛的最后比分是93：94。我们只是险胜。narrowly狭窄地; 勉强地; 好容易(才)。
二、选词填空
1. In the meantime 2. was scared to death 3. been aware of 4. helped... out
5. having a good feed on 6. witnessed 7. upside down 8. yell out
9. abandoned 10. reflect
三、单项选择
1. C。in the meantime 在此期间，同时；meanwhile 也有“同时，期间”之意，因为可以是副词，不需加介词。
2. C。reflect 反映； strengthen 加强，巩固；shape塑形；resemble 类似。句意：就好像一个人穿什么、吃什么以及和什么样的人交往能反映人的个性一样，一个人的住房也是这样。
3. A。urge sb. to do sth. 力劝某人做某事。
4. C。help sb. out 帮助某人解决困难；figure sb. out 弄明白，看透，理解某人；sort sb. out妥善处理；加以分类；take sb. out 带某人出去。句意：我小弟弟很明显有了某种麻烦，可我却真的不知如何帮他。
5. A。upside down 上下翻转，乱七八糟地；up and down 上上下下，来来回回； side by side 肩并肩；down to earth务实的。
6. A。abandon 放弃；release 释放；discourage 使气馁；resign 辞职。
7. A。aware of 意识到；compared to 被比作；familiar with 熟悉；accustomed to 习惯于......的。句意：妈妈总是让我认识到我的皮肤问题，鼓励我用面霜。
8. A。pension 养老金；refund 退款；salary薪水，月薪；wage 工资（常按周、日或小时发）。
9. B。考查名词词义辨析。judge法官，裁判员；lawyer律师；passer-by过路人。witness证人，符合题意。句意：被告有很多证人证明他是无罪的。
10. D。句意：给自己制定一个合理的有望实现的目标，既不能过高，又不能过低。target 目标。purpose 目的；cause 起因；事业；reason 原因。
11. A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：地震以后，当地政府所做的第一件事情就是为无家可归者提供住处。accommodation 住处。occupation 职业；equipment 装备；furniture 家具。
12. B。句意：最初双方意见相左，最终他们怎么达成协议了呢？similar 相似的；opposite 相反的；firm 坚定的；vivid 生动的。
13. A。句意：不要把房间弄得乱七八糟，我刚刚整理完。upside down 上下颠倒，乱七八糟。
14. D。考查表示时间的形容词。annual意为“每年的”；与后文per year照应。annually是副词，不可作定语。
15. B。time 意为“时期，时代”，要填入的关系代词要代表先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，所以选when。
16. B。考查动词短语辨析。hold out 坚持，维持；hold on 坚持，不挂断；hold up 延期，耽误；hold back 隐藏，扣留。句意：抱歉，我们迟到了——我们的飞机因为大雨而延误了。
17. A。be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事。
18. B。sort out 分类，整理，解决（问题或困难）；set out 动身，开始；pick out 挑选，取出；test out 试验。句意：我必须整理帮我们搬家的工人们堆在那个房间里的一切东西。
19. A。句意：回家的路上我的车抛锚了，我不得不让别的车把它拖到修车厂。have sth. done 使某事被做。因为指代“the car”的it与drag是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。
20. D。句意：昨天,一场可怕的暴风雨侵袭了这个城市，造成了公路拥堵。absurd 荒唐的； alarmed （人）感到害怕的；beneficial 有益的；awesome 令人敬畏的，使人畏惧的，可怕的，棒极了的。
四、短文改错
【文章综述】本文讲述十年前我在一个工厂做夜班守卫时发生的故事。
1．去掉had 考查动词的时态。根据前面的时间状语，说明只有过去时。
2．of后面加the 考查冠词；特指factory，故使用the。
3．and改成but 考查连词。上下文是转折关系，故使用but。
4．lucky改成luckily 考查副词。用副词做状语，修饰整个句子。
5．late改成later 考查副词。later放在一段时间的后面。
6．car改成cars 考查名词。根据上文的four说明使用复数形式。
7．去掉for 考查动词的用法。search可以作为及物动词search the place搜查某地。
8．tried 改成trying 考查非谓语动词。they与try构成主动关系，使用现在分词做状语。
9. am改成was 考查动词的时态。本文使用一般过去式。
10. that改成which考查定语从句；非限制性定语从句不能用that引导。
五、语法填空
1. posting 2. best 3. is removed 4. determination 5. a
6. what 7. myself 8. no 9. to 10.However