单元主题写作四
本单元的主要话题是“谈论居民区和指路”。通过本单元的学习，学生应该能够对自己所在的居民区做一些简单的介绍，并能用简单的语言问路、指路。
常用表达
词汇：perfect; thirsty; complete; biscuit; coffee; through; block; bank; whole; cost; interview; sound; treat; mile; across; neighbourhood; bakery; sidewalk; enjoyable; go past/by; tea biscuit; turn right/left; sound like
句型： 1.Can you tell me the way to…？
2．Turn right/left…at the…crossing.
3．It's…blocks (away) from…
4．…is/are busy doing…
5．I'm doing well.
典型例题
请根据实际情况，以“My Neighbourhood”为题写一篇70—80词的英语短文，介绍自己小区有哪些建筑和规划，可以适当发挥想象。
My Neighbourhood
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思路点拨
这是一篇介绍小区的典型习作，根据要求，我们可以对小区的现实状况进行描述，也可以对小区将来的规划做简单介绍。
1．介绍小区的现状。
2．简要介绍对小区的规划。
连句成篇
My Neighbourhood
I live in a new neighbourhood now. My family moved here a year ago. From then on more and more people became our neighbours. A big supermarket and more than twenty different shops have been set up since last year. It seems that our life gets more and more convenient. It is said that many tall buildings around here will be put up. It is reported that a new park in the north of our neighbourhood will be built soon. There will be also a nearby underground station in the future. What a green and nice neighbourhood it will be!
假如你是李明，明天是你的生日，爸爸妈妈将在家里为你举办生日聚会，你想邀请好朋友张磊来参加聚会。请根据下列提示，给张磊写一封电子邮件，告诉他去你家的路线。
提示：1.乘21路公共汽车，在第三站下车。
2．下车后沿着建设路走，经过一个公园和一个购物中心。
3．看到交通灯时向右拐，之后会看到一家电影院，你家就在电影院的对面。
要求：1.语句通顺，语法正确。
2．不少于70词，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Zhang Lei，
It's my birthday tomorrow. My parents will have a party for me at home.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
See you tomorrow!
Yours，
Li Ming
教师详解详析
小试身手
One possible version：
Dear Zhang Lei，
It's my birthday tomorrow. My parents will have a party for me at home. I'd like you to come to my party tomorrow. I'll tell you how to get to my house.
You can take a No. 21 bus and get off at the third stop. Then walk along Jianshe Road, and you'll go past a park and a shopping centre. Turn right when you see the traffic lights. Then you will see a movie theatre. My house is across from it. I think you can find my house easily.
See you tomorrow!
Yours，
Li Ming
单元语法聚焦四
状语从句
用法点睛
状语从句是复合句的一种， 它在复合句中修饰主句或主句中的动词、形容词或副词。
1. because引导的状语从句
(1)because引导的状语从句在句中表示原因， 因此被称为原因状语从句。
(2)当because引导的从句位于句首时， 常与主句用逗号隔开；位于句末时， 其前不用逗号。
(3)because和so不能同时出现在一个句子中， 只能用其中之一。
(4)because of 也表示“因为”， 但其后必须接名词、代词或名词性短语。
2. when引导的状语从句
(1)when引导的状语从句在句中表示时间， 因此被称为时间状语从句。
(2)when引导时间状语从句时， 既可表示主句和从句的动作同时发生， 也可表示主句的动作在从句动作的之前或之后发生。从句中的动作可以是延续性的， 也可以是非延续性的。
(3)当主句为一般将来时、祈使句或含有情态动词时，when引导的从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
经典例题
1. He didn't go to school yesterday________ he was ill.
A．because B．because of
C．if D．so
[解析] A 考查because 引导的状语从句。because是连词，表示原因，后接句子； because of是介词短语，后接名词、代词或名词性短语； if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句；so意为“所以”，引导结果状语从句。句意：他昨天没有去上学，因为他生病了。故选A。
2．I was chatting with my friends on the Internet in my study________ my mother came in.
A．while B．when
C．as D．since
[解析] B 考查when引导的状语从句。while意为“当……时候”， 从句中的动作必须是延续性的； when意为“当……时候”，从句中的动作可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的；as意为“一边……， 一边……”；since意为“既然”，表示原因。从句中的动词came为非延续性动词， 故选B。
3．I can't afford to buy a CD player________ it's too expensive for me.
A．after B．though
C．because D．until
[解析] C 句意：我买不起一个CD播放机，因为对我来说它太贵了。after意为“在……以后”；though意为“尽管”；because意为“因为”；until意为“直到”。本句是一个含原因状语从句的复合句，应用连词because。故选C。
4．________ Mike is ill, ________ he can't go to the park with us.
A．Because; / B．/; because
C．Because; so D．So; because
[解析] A 汉语习惯上说“因为……所以……”，然而英语中because不与so连用。句意：因为迈克生病了，所以他不能和我们一起去公园。故选A。
( )1.[2018·黄石]I always get up early on weekdays ________ I'm afraid I will be late for school.
A．because B．so
C．though D．then
( )2.—Did you say anything to your parents ________ they shouted at you?
—No, I was afraid to talk back. They looked really serious and scary.
A．unless B．why
C．when D．because
( )3.I like P．E.________ it's fun.
A．because B．so
C．unless D．until
( )4.________ it is very hot today, ________ you should take an umbrella with you.
A．Because; so B．For; so
C．Because; / D．So; because
( )5.Peter, please turn off the TV________ no one is watching it.
A．so that B．though
C．when D．unless
教师详解详析
语法精练
1．A 考查连词辨析。前句“工作日我总是早起”和后句“恐怕我上学会迟到”构成因果关系，后面表示原因，所以应用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。
2．C 考查连词辨析。unless意为“除非；如果不”；why意为“为什么”；when意为“当……时候”；because意为“因为”。由问句句意“当你的父母冲你嚷的时候，你对他们说了些什么吗”可知，when符合句意。故选C。
3．A 4.C 5.C
阶段能力训练(Lessons 19－21)
Ⅰ.完形填空
I live in a quiet neighbourhood.There are only two__1__ in my neighbourhood.One is Lincoln Street, and the other is Jefferson Street.There's a library and a small park__2__ the two streets.__3__ young people like to read in the library and old people like to__4__ themselves in the park.I like to__5__ in the park, too.It's a__6__ place to play tennis. I often go there with my friends.Some old people often watch__7__ play there.
On weekends, I often go to the__8__ with my friend, Mike.We read books and do our homework in it.We often__9__ Linda and Tina there.__10__ finishing our homework, all of us go to the park to have fun.
( )1.A.houses B．stores C．streets D．roads
( )2.A.across B．between C．cross D．past
( )3.A.Many B．Little C．No D．Much
( )4.A.pass B．enjoy C．say D．like
( )5.A.play B．speak C．turn D．study
( )6.A.dirty B．small C．nice D．sad
( )7.A.them B．us C．her D．his
( )8.A.library B．park C．school D．bank
( )9.A.ask B．tell C．meet D．smile
( )10.A.Before B．After C．Or D．Ago
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Many years ago, I lived in a building in a large city. The building next door was only a few feet away from mine. There lived a woman whom I had never met, yet I could see her seated by her window each afternoon.
After several months, I began to notice that her window was dirty. Everything was unclear through the dirty window. I would say to myself, “I wonder why that woman doesn't wash her window. It really looks terrible.”
One morning I cleaned my room, including washing the window on the inside.
Late in the afternoon when I finished the cleaning, I sat down by the window with a cup of coffee for a rest. What a surprise! Across the way, the woman sitting by her window was clearly seen. Her window was clean!
Then it dawned on me. I had been criticizing(批评) her dirty window, but all the time I was watching hers through my own dirty window.
That was quite an important lesson for me. Since then, whenever I want to judge(判断) someone, I ask myself first, “Am I looking at him through my own dirty window？” Then I try to clean the window of my own world so that I may see the world about me more clearly.
( )1. The writer couldn't see everything clearly through the window because________．
A．the woman's window was dirty
B．his eyes were not good
C．the woman lived far away
D．his window was dirty
( )2. The writer was surprised that________．
A．the woman was sitting by her window
B．the woman's window was clean
C．the woman did the cleaning in the afternoon
D．the woman's window was still terrible
( )3.“It dawned on me” probably means “________”．
A．I began to understand it
B．It surprised me
C．I knew it grew light
D．It began to get dark
( )4. It was clear that________．
A．the writer had never met the woman before
B．the writer often washed the window
C．the writer helped the woman clean the window
D．they lived in a small town
( )5. From the passage, we can learn________．
A．one shouldn't criticize others very often
B．one should often make his windows clean
C．one must judge himself before he judges others
D．one must look at others through his dirtywindow
教师详解详析
Ⅰ.1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B
8. A 9. C 10. B
Ⅱ.1.D 由第五段中“…all the time I was watch-ing hers through my own dirty window.”可知，是作者自己的窗户脏了。
2．B 由第四段中“…the woman sitting by her window was clearly seen. Her window was clean！”可知，作者对女士干净的窗户感到惊讶。
3．A 4. A
5．C 由最后一段中“whenever I want to judge someone, I ask myself first…”可知，在评判别人时，先反省自己。
阶段能力训练(Lessons 22－24)
Ⅰ.完形填空
Alan was an old man who lived alone. One day he got __1__ bad cold and he called for a doctor.
While examining, the doctor asked, “Do you have a friend __2__ could look after you？”
“No, I've never had __3__ friends，” the old man said.
“You've lived here all your life and never had a friend？” the doctor said in surprise.
“I'm 64 years old, but I've never met anyone who can be called a friend，” Alan said. “If it isn't one thing wrong with them, it's another.”
“Mr. Lee will surely come to help you if he __4__ you are sick.”
“Of course，” answered the old man, “__5__ he talks so much. He has nothing but a wonderful and healthy pig.”
“Then what about Mr. Brown who lives __6__ the road? He has travelled a lot and read many books.”
“But he would __7__ me alone and he would not stay for so long.”
“You are always seeing so many bad things. No one in the world is __8__. You are not, either. We should think of good points of __9__ more often. As a doctor I will take care of you whether you like me or not.”
The doctor left the house, picking up his bag. The door was closed __10__ “thank you” heard.
( )1.A.a B．an C．the D．/
( )2.A.which B．whose C．who D．where
( )3.A.any B．some C．few D．little
( )4.A.knew B．know C．knows D．known
( )5.A.and B．however C．so D．but
( )6.A.on B．at C．down D．above
( )7.A.come B．visit C．leave D．walk
( )8.A.busy B．bad C．perfect D．kind
( )9.A.other B．others C．another D．the other
( )10.A.without B．over C．for D．behind
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A heart-warming video became popular online. This video is about a line of people on a frozen(结冰的) lake in Tangshan, Hebei Province. They were linking their hands one by one to save three people in a frozen lake. Hebei Radio and Television Station showed this video. About 15 people were holding their hands and they became a line—more than 20 metres long.
The three people in the lake were a boy, a girl and their mother. They fell into a hole while skating on the icy lake. After the accident happened, the 10-year-old boy yelled for help. His mother tried to keep the 4-year-old daughter out of the water. The situation was very dangerous. When some passers-by(路人) saw what happened, they all stopped to help them out of risk. As you can see in the picture, the first man in this line used a bamboo pole and pulled them out of the lake safely. Thanks to the kind people who were passing by, the rescue time only cost less than three minutes.
All the three people were saved, but some people pointed out that the rescuers(救援者) should lie on the ice rather than standing on it. We should know that it was a dangerous way. Teenagers aren't encouraged to save drowning people. Even if an adult wants to save people, he or she must be careful enough and prepare some tools for such a thing.
( )1.Which word has the similar meaning with the underlined word “linking”？
A. Having. B．Taking. C．Holding. D．Falling.
( )2.The passers-by spent about ________ saving the three people from drowning.
A. an hour B．half an hour C．twenty minutes D．three minutes
( )3.According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Everyone can save people in this situation.
B．It took the rescuers a lot of time to save the three people.
C．The passers-by saved the family in a dangerous way.
D．The rescuers were well trained and kept calm.
( )4.What is the best title for the passage?
A. Standing together on the lake
B．The broken ice and three people
C．Saving three people on a lake
D．Terrible skating on a lake
教师详解详析
Ⅰ.1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.C
7．C leave sb. alone意为“把某人单独留下”。故选C。
8．C
9．B other意为“其他的”，后接可数名词复数；others意为“其他人/物”；another意为“另一个”；the other意为“(两者中的)另一个”。故选B。
10．A
Ⅱ.1. C 词义猜测题。根据linking所在的句子和图片信息可知，人们是手拉着手救人的，又根据第一段最后一句“About 15 people were holding their hands and they became a line—more than 20 metres long.”可知，和linking意思相近的词是holding。
2．D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“…the rescue time only cost less than three minutes.”可知，人们在3分钟内救出了掉入湖里的人。故选D。
3．C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“We should know that it was a dangerous way. Teenagers aren't encouraged to save drowning people. Even if an adult wants to save people, he or she must be careful enough and prepare some tools for such a thing.”可知，作者认为这种救人方式是危险的，故选C。
4．C 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了多人牵手救出掉在湖里的一家三口人的事情，因此题目中要表达出救人的内容。故选C。
