（人教版）高中英语选修七 Unit 4 Sharing语言点及其练习
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| 名称 | （人教版）高中英语选修七 Unit 4 Sharing语言点及其练习 |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-08-17 10:43:32 | ||
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Unit 4 Sharing语言点
学习目标
重点词汇
adjust participate otherwise donate distribute voluntary purchase relevant operate remote privilege
重点短语
hear from （be）dying to come across the other day dry out dry up in need
重点句型
whether引导的从句
过去完成进行时与过去完成时
知识讲解
重点词汇
【Sharing词汇精讲】
adjust
【原句回放】The hut was dark inside, so it took time for our eyes to adjust. 小屋里很黑，因此眼睛过了好一阵才适应过来。
【点拨】adjust vi. 适应
vt. 调整，使……适合
常用搭配：adjust to 适应（to 是介词，加动词-ing形式）
She carefully adjusted her clothes and hair before going to the interview．
去面试前她认真整理衣服和头发。（adjust作“调整”讲，直接接宾语）
It took him quite a long time to adjust to the heat of India．
他花了很长时间才适应了印度的温度。
My parents had trouble adjusting to living in an apartment.
我的父母费了很多的功夫才适应住在公寓里。
【拓展】adjustable adj. 可调节的
adjustment n. 调整，调节
Can you lend me an adjustable spanner? 你能借我一把可调节的扳手吗?
participate
【原句回放】I loved listening to the family softly talking to each other in their language, even though I could not participate in the conversation. 他们家里人轻声细语地用自己的语言在交谈。我很喜欢听他们谈话，尽管我不能加入他们的谈话。
【点拨】participate vi. 参与,分享,分担
常用搭配：participate in sth. 参与某事，分享某物
Everyone in the class is expected to participate in these discussions.
班里每个人都要参加这些讨论。
I will participate (=share) in your suffering and joy. 我将和你同甘共苦。
【拓展】participant n. 参与者，分享者
participation n. 参与 ，分享
All the participants in the debate will have an opportunity to speak.
参加辩论的人都将有机会发言。
Union leaders called for the active participation of all members in the day of election.
联盟领导人号召所有的人在选举日能积极参与。
otherwise
【原句回放】Otherwise they don’t waste anything. 否则的话，他们是不会浪费任何东西的。
【点拨】otherwise conj. & adv. 用别的方法；其他方面；否则
We were going to play football, but it was so hot that we decided to do otherwise.
我们本来想踢足球，但是天太热了，我们决定做点别的事情。（用别的方法）
We’ll go early, otherwise (=or) we may not get a seat.
我们要早点走，否则可能会没有座位了。
【拓展】or otherwise 或用其他方式； 或不是
We will get there somehow, by train or otherwise.
我们将到达那里，乘火车还是别的什么。
Whether she was married or otherwise was none of my business.
她结婚了还是没有都与我无关。
donate
【原句回放】Would you like to donate an unusual gift? 你是否想要赠送一份特殊的礼物？
【点拨】donate vt. 捐赠
The businessman donated a lot of money to the hospital.
这个商人向那家医院捐了很多的钱。
This computer was donated to us by a local company.
这台计算机是当地一家公司捐赠给我们的。
【拓展】donation n. 捐赠，捐赠物
They made a generous donation to charity. 他们向慈善组织进行了慷慨的捐助。
The hospital receives a good deal of money in donations.
这家医院在捐献过程中收到了大量钱款。
相关短语：
give/ make/ present a donation to sb./ an organization捐赠给某人/组织
distribute
【原句回放】This gift covers the cost of production and distribution of seedlings, as well as training in tree care for the local villagers who are working hard to prevent their land from turning into desert. 这份礼物包含了幼苗的培育和销售费用，也包含了当地村民参加护树培训的费用，这些村民正努力工作以阻止他们的土地沙漠化。
【点拨1】distribute v.
1. 分发
Clothes and blankets have been distributed to the refugees. 衣物和毯子被分发给难民。
2. 配送
Milk is distributed to the local shops by Micheal. 牛奶是由米歇尔配送到当地商店的。
3. 使分布，使散布
Make sure the weight of the load is evenly distributed. 要保证装载物的重量均匀分布。
【拓展】区分：contribute 贡献
相关短语：contribute to有助于
Proper diet contributes to good health. 适当的饮食是对健康有帮助的。
【点拨2】distribution n. 分配，分发；分布状态
The conference discussed the fair distribution of income and wealth.
会议讨论了公平分配收入和财富的问题。
The town council passed a law forbidding the distribution of handbills.
市议会通过了一项禁止散发传单的法令。
【拓展】distributor n. 供销商 ■
voluntary
【原句回放】 The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it. 你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实需要的人的一项生活上的无偿捐助。
【点拨】voluntary adj. 自愿的，志愿的，无偿的
When she retired she did a lot of voluntary work for the Red Cross.
她退休后为红十字会做了许多义务工作。
More and more people are now working in poor countries on a voluntary basis.
现在越来越多的人自愿在贫穷国家工作。
（on a voluntary basis 基于自愿，以自愿为原则）
【拓展】volunteer n. 志愿者；
v. 自愿或无偿地给予帮助
常见搭配：volunteer to do sth. 自愿/志愿做某事
The center needs more volunteers to help children to read.
中心需要更多的志愿者帮孩子们读书。
The company volunteered to donate fifty computers to help the disabled people.
这家公司自愿捐出50台电脑帮助那些残疾人。
I volunteered my services as a driver. 我作为司机自愿服务。
purchase
【原句回放】When you purchase an item, we will send you an attractive card for you to send to your special person. 你选购一份礼物时，我们会给你提供一张精美的卡片，让你送给你的某个特殊的人。
【点拨】purchase vt. 购买；（以某种代价）换得
n. 购买; 购得物（常用复数）
It will cost almost all the money for an old couple to purchase a house now.
现在一对老夫妻要买一幢房子要花掉几乎所有的钱。
They purchased life at the expense of honour. 他们用荣誉换取了生命。
We spent some money for the purchase of the furniture necessary for our new house.
我们花了些钱为新房子购买必要的家具。
He filled the car with his purchases. 他买的东西装满了车。
【拓展】常见短语：
make a purchase 采购 purchase price 买价
purchasing power 购买力
relevant
【原句回放】Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students, most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway. 有时候，我真想知道，化学对这些学生究竟有多大用处。他们中大多数人上完八年级以后就要回到他们的村庄去了。
【点拨】relevant adj. 有关的; 恰当的, 贴切的, 切题的（反义词 irrelevant）
常用搭配：be relevant to 与......有关
His nationality is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.
他的国籍与是否是个好律师无关。
This type of university course is no longer relevant to today’s problem.
这种大学课程与目前问题不再有关联了。
Many people consider politics is irrelevant to their lives.
许多人认为政治与他们的生活无关。
【拓展】 relevance n. 关联，切题，适宜
What you say has no relevance to what we are talking about.
你说的与我们正谈的事情无关。
补充：relevancy 关联（的事物），恰当，切题的话
operate
【原句回放】This gift covers the cost of exercise books and textbooks for community primary schools that operate in poor or remote villages. 这件礼物包括在贫穷或偏远村庄开办的社区小学的练习本和课本的费用。
【点拨】 operate vt. 操作，使运行
vi. 运转，工作；动手术；起作用
常见搭配：operate on sb. 给某人动手术
Who operates the machine? 那台机器由谁操作？
This machine operates night and day. 这台机器日夜运转着。
The doctors operated on her/ her stomach last night. 医生们昨晚给她/她的胃部做了手术。
The new drug began to operate not long after it is taken.
这种新药服用后不久就会开始见效。
【拓展】operation n. 操作，手术
perform /have an operation on给……动手术
come into operation 开始运转
put/bring...into operation 使……开始运转
in operation运转中
remote
【原句回放】This gift covers the cost of exercise books and textbooks for community primary schools that operate in poor or remote villages. 这件礼物包括在贫穷或偏远村庄开办的社区小学的练习本和课本的费用。
【点拨】remote adj. 遥远的，偏僻的，关系远的
I thought it fun helping the children in remote areas
我感觉帮助偏远地区的孩子们很有意思。
The phone can then be used as a remote control
这个电话可以当遥控器用。
He thinks teenagers are forced to study subjects that seem remote from their daily lives.
他认为青少年被迫学习和他们的日常生活关系不大的学科。
She looked so beautiful, and at the same time so remote.
她相貌如此美丽，同时又如此清高不群。
The remote education reaches the achievable result that is not gotten from traditional education.
远程教育可以达到传统教育手段所不能达到的效果。
(2018 江苏高考) Many young people，most of whom were well-educated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams．
许多年轻人，多数都受过良好的教育，去了偏远地区去追逐梦想。
privilege
【原句回放】It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family. 能与汤贝一家度过一天的时间真是莫大的荣幸。
【点拨】privilege n. 殊荣；特权，特别优待
vt. 给与……特权，特免
常用搭配：a privilege to do sth./ of (doing) sth. 做某事是荣幸的、
have the privilege to do sht. 有做某事的特权
You can enjoy all the benefits and privileges of club membership.
你可以享受俱乐部成员的一切福利和优惠。
I hope to have the privilege of working with them again.
但愿有幸与他们再度合作。
【拓展】privileged adj. 享有特权的，荣幸的，幸运的
常用搭配：be privileged to do sth. 干某事是荣幸的
We are privileged to have a distinguished guest with us tonight.
我们今晚有幸与一位贵宾在一起。
重点短语
hear from
【原句回放】It was wonderful to hear from you. 收到你的信真是太高兴了。
【点拨】hear from sb. 收到......的来信、电话等
注意：from后只接人或者机构等，而不接letter，call等词。
Not having heard from him for months, his mother was worried.
几个月没有他的音讯了，他妈妈很担心。
They will be delighted to hear from you. 他们会很高兴收到你的来信的。
【拓展】hear有关的短语：
hear about 听到关于......的事
hear sb. out 听某人把话说完
hear of 听说；听从（与will，would连用，用于否定句）
Have you heard about the new anticancer drug? 你听说过这种抗癌新药吗？
I’ve never heard of such a person. 我从没有听说这样一个人。
He wouldn’t hear of me paying for the bill. 我要付账，他不肯。
（be）dying to
【原句回放】I know you’re dying to hear all about my life here, I’ve included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about. 我知道你急于了解我在这儿的生活情况，所以我在信中附有几张照片，能够帮助你想象出我所谈到的地方。
【点拨】be dying to do sth. 极想/ 渴望做某事
be dying for sth. 渴望/很想得到某物
All of us are dying to see the film after hearing about it.
听说这部电影后，我们都极想看。
He was dying for something to drink. 他极想有点什么喝的。
After a long dry season the trees are dying / thirsty for water.
经过一个漫长的旱季，树木迫切需要水分。
【拓展1】表示“渴望”的同义短语：
be eager for / to do sth.
long for / to do sth.
be thirsty for sth／to do sth.
【拓展2】die构成的短语：
die away 逐渐停止，逐渐消失 die down逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊
die off 相继死去 die out逐渐消失，灭绝
The noise of the motorcar died away. 汽车的噪音渐渐消失了。
After the excitement of the audience died down, the speaker restarted his speech.
等听众激动的情绪平息后,演讲人又重新开始演讲。
come across
【原句回放】The boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the window. 男孩子们以前从来没有见过这种情况，吓得都往窗外跳去。
【点拨】come across 偶然遇到/发现, 碰见；被理解，被传达
She came across some old photos in the drawer. ?
她在抽屉里发现了一些旧照片。
I came across an old friend I hadn’t seen for years yesterday.
昨天我偶遇了一位多年不见的老友。
Your speech came across very well. 大家确实理解了你的发言。
【拓展】含come的短语：
come about 发生 come out 出版，被刊行
come to 达到，达成，归结为 come round重来，苏醒过来，回心转意
come down 传递，传给 come along 进展；偶然发生
How did it come about? 那事是怎么发生的？
When does John’s book come out? 约翰的书什么时候出版？
They came to the conclusion that they had made an unforgivable mistake.
他们得出结论：他们犯了一个不可原谅的错误。
the other day
【原句回放】The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling over everywhere！前几天， 我正给孩子们做每周一次的化学实验的演示，我还没有明白怎么回事，混合物就到处冒气泡了！
【点拨】the other day 前几天，不久前的一天
It was a terrible piece of work that you turned in the other day. 那天你交的作业太糟糕了。
【拓展】含day的短语：
another day 另一天 some day （将来）总有一天
one day（将来/过去）某一天 all day long 整天
day by day 一天天地 day after day 日复一日
by day 白天 day and night 日日夜夜地
Another day dragged by. 又挨过了一天。
I’ll buy a boat and sail around the world some day. 总有一天我会买条船环游世界。
One day, she just didn’t turn up for work, and we never saw her again.
一天，她没有上班，而且我们再也没有见过她。
dry out / dry up
【原句回放】 Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food. They believe that any leftovers attract evil spirits in the night, so the food is dried up in the can and the can is then thrown out of the hut. 汤贝告诉我说，罐子加热是为了把里面的残菜剩饭烧干。他们相信剩饭在夜晚会引来邪灵，所以要把食物放在罐子里烘干，再把罐子一起扔到屋外去。
【点拨1】 dry out（使很湿之物）变干，干透
Dry your shirt out on the radiator. 在散热器上把你的衬衫烤干吧。
Don’t leave the bread on the table; it will dry out. 别把面包放在桌子上，它会干掉的。
【点拨2】 dry up （使）完全变干，（河流，湖泊等）干涸，枯竭；消失，用完
Many rivers in that province have dried up these years.
这些年来那个省的许多河流都干涸了。
The sun has completely dried up the soil and the crops are dying.
太阳把土壤完全晒干了，庄稼要死了。
试一试：
1. If you don’t keep food covered, it ______.
2. That summer was so hot that the pool in that village ________.
3. We must stop wasting water, because it was _______.
答案：1. dries out 2. dried up 3.drying up (枯竭)
in need
【原句回放】Choose from this catalogue a really useful gift for some of the world’s poorest and bring hope for a better future to a community in need. 从这份清单中选择一份确实有用的礼物，送给世界上一些最穷苦的人吧。给急需帮助的社区带去改善未来的希望吧。
【点拨】in need 在困难中, 在危急中
对比：in need of ... 需要.......
A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难朋友才是真正的朋友。
The charity aims to provide assistance to the people in need.
这个慈善机构的宗旨是向贫困者提供帮助。
They are in need of food, which is a necessity for all living things.
他们需要食物，那是所有生物所必需的。
【拓展1】含need的短语
the need for sth. 对……的需要
at one’s need在某人困难时
satisfy/meet one’s needs满足某人的需要
【拓展2】相关句型：There’s no need for sb. to do sth. 没必要做某事
There’s no need for you to come if you don’t want to. 你不想来就不必来。
重点句型
whether引导的从句
【原句回放】In groups, discuss whether someone who helps the groups on the survey form can be called a “volunteer”. 分组讨论，帮助调查表中的团队的人是否可以被叫做“志愿者”。
【点拨】 whether引导的从句
whether引导名词性从句或让步状语从句，意为“是否，会不会，不管，不论”。
We don’t know whether the earthquake will go on. （引导宾语从句）
我们不知道地震是否会继续。
The question is whether he can come on time. （引导表语从句）
问题是他能否准时来。
Whether you like it or not, you’ll have to do it. (引导状语从句)
无论你喜欢还是不喜欢，你必须做这件事。
【拓展】引导从句时与if的区别：
1. if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”。
2. if和whether都可以引导宾语从句，经常可以互换，但是下面情况下多用whether：
1）正式文体中，与or not直接连用时。
I wonder whether or not it is big enough. 我不知道它是否够大。
2）作介词宾语时。
I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.
我还没有决定是否要回家去。
3）作discuss等词的宾语时。
We discussed whether we should close the shop.
我们讨论了是否该关闭那家商店。
注意：下面情况下也不用if表示“是否”：
1. 引导主语、表语、同位语从句时。
Whether it is true remains a question. 它是不是真的还是个问题。
2. 与不定式连用时。
She hasn’t decided whether to go or not. 她还没有决定去还是不去。
过去完成进行时与过去完成时
【原句回放】When we arrived at the village, Tombe’s mother, Kiak, who had been pulling weeds in her garden, started crying “ieee ieee”. 当我们到达村庄时，汤贝的母亲齐亚克本来在园子里拔草，看到我们就“嗳矣，嗳矣”地叫了起来。
【点拨】过去完成进行时与过去完成时
1. 构成：
过去完成进行时：had been doing
过去完成时：had done
2. 与一段时间连用时，过去完成进行时和过去完成时都可以表示一个动作从过去某时或在过去某个动作前开始，并可能延续下去。两种结构可以互换，但过去完成进行时更强调动作的持续性和未完成性。比较：
我到这里前，我弟弟已经在这家工厂工作了三年。
Before I arrived here, my brother had worked in the factory for three years.
(表示已经完成)
Before I arrived here, my brother had been working in the factory for three years.
（强调“一直在这家工厂工作了三年，中间没有间隔”）
3. 没有与一段时间连用时，区别较大：
1）过去完成进行时表示动作在过去某时或过去某动作时仍在进行。
2）过去完成时则表示动作到过去某时或某动作时已经结束。
比较：
He said they had prepared for the meeting. 他说他们已经为会议做好了准备。
（prepare的动作到say动作发生时已经完成）
He said they had been preparing for the meeting. 他说他们一直在为会议做准备。
（prepare的动作一直在进行，且有可能持续下去）
巩固练习
一、单词填空
根据句意及所给汉语提示或首字母用单词的正确形式完成句子。
1. Topics for composition should be__________ (与……有关) to the experiences and interests of the students.
2. Our members have the __________(特权) of using the lending service of the library.
3. The foreign friends hope that they can join the celebrations for the university’s 80th __________ (周年纪念).
4. In that training school, we even found some dogs that are being trained to _______ (嗅) out drugs.
5. The teacher ___________ (分发) the books to the students.
6. Is there any __________ (安全保障) against nuclear weapons?
7. In my opinion, these are _____________(政治) rather than social matters.
8. (2018 湖北高考)Whatever she says will not make any difference to our ___________(安排).
9. Local people are lining up to d_________ blood for the badly burnt girl in yesterday’s big fire.
10. It is said that this company is in serious f_____________ trouble now.
二、选词填空
从下面方框中选出适当的短语或单词并用其正确形式填空。
in need； stick out； dry out； make no difference；
otherwise； the other day； adapt to； come across； dry up； dying to
1． (2018 北京东城区期末) We were delayed at the airport. __________ we would have been here by lunch time.
2．(2018 重庆高考)You are very likely to _________ large wild animals，too.
3．The new students are very slow to__________ the rules.
4．Helen borrowed my dictionary __________，saying that she would return it soon.
5．If foreign aid __________, the situation in that country will be desperate.
6．My house is the only brick one on the street. It ________ and you can’t miss it.
7．Whether you go or not____________ to me.
8．(2018 新课标Ⅰ)Stepping out not only helped a brother _________，it also gave my kids the sweet taste of helping others．
9．I have been working on the project these days, and I’m really __________ have a good rest.
10．Water the plant regularly，never letting the soil________.
三、单项选择
1. I _______ my daughter in New York yesterday，and she told me of her life there.
A. heard of B. heard about? C. heard from D. heard out
2. Many rivers in Africa have dried _______ in this season every year. ?
A. up B. out? C. off D. at
3. _______ no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has already been settled.
A. It has B. There has? C. It is D. There is
4. Ronny’s steps______, and there was a moment of absolute silence.
A. died down B. died away C. died off D. died out
5. The surgeon decided to operate _______ her _______ appendicitis as soon as possible.
A. with; for B. on; for? C. on; with D. with; for?
6. It is reported that 18 to 25 percent of old people are _____ mental health care for depression, anxiety, and other psychological disorders.
A. in need of B. in spite of C. in case of D. in place of
7. The work of the charity is funded by ________ donations.
A. theoretical B. superb C. voluntary D. specific
8. Your nationality is not __________when choosing a career，but your ability to speak the language is.
A．relative B．responsible C．relevant D．practical
9. Warm-blooded animals have the ability to __________ body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather.
A．respond B．attach C．adjust D．expose
10. —I’ll take the driving test tomorrow!
—______ you should fail?
A．Why not B．How so C．What for D．What if
11. The children helped to carry their mother’s ________ from the shops after getting off the bus.
A. purchases B. matters C. commodity D. goods
12. The cousins are alike in age, but ________ they are as different as day and night.
A．anyhow B．besides C．otherwise D．moreover
13. I happened to see our old headmaster in the street ________ when I was walking home.
A. another day B. the other day C. some day D. all day long
14. With China ________ in the world trade more frequently，the world economy is developing more rapidly and steadily.
A．participating B．to participate C．participated D．being participated
15. If you ________faults but you still want the bicycle，ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.
A．come across B．care about C．look for D．focus upon
16. They _______ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we ______ on it as no good results have come out so far.
A. had been working; are still working B. had worked; were still working
C. have been working; have worked D. have worked; are still working
17. The question has been raised at the meeting ________each member country should equally share the expense of the committee.
A．that B．whether C．if D．what
18. Some blood types are quite common, others are regionally ________ and still others are rare everywhere.
A. contributed B. distributed C. attributed D. conveyed
19. ______to know the exam result, we all gathered at the door of the teachers’ office.
A．Interested B．Curious C．Dying D．Attracted
20. Every four years, many athletes from different countries ______ the Olympic Games.
A．take part in B．participate in C．join to D．both A and B
四、语法填空
（2018 浙江绍兴一中期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Human cloning is expected to be ____1____ (benefit) to mankind in many ways, although some people object to ___2___ (carry) out human cloning research. Below is a list that is far from completion. Dr. Richard Seed, one of the leading ____3____ (support) of human cloning technology, indicates that it may someday be possible to reverse (颠倒) the aging process because of what we learn from cloning. Scientists, who are also in ____4____ of human cloning technology, believe that heart attack victims may get treated ____5____ (appropriate) if their healthy heart cells are cloned and then injected into the areas of the heart that have been damaged. ____6____, there has been a breakthrough ____7____ human stem cells. Embryonic (胚胎的) stem cells can be grown to produce organs to repair or replace damaged ____8____. By combining this technology with human cloning technology it may be possible to produce needed organs for suffering people ____9____ will be free of rejection by their immune systems. Conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, diabetes, heart failure, and other problems may ____10____ (cure) if human cloning and its technology are not banned.
答案与解析：
一、单词填空
1. relevant 2. privilege 3. anniversary 4. sniff 5. distributed
6. security 7. political 8. arrangements 9. donate 10. financial
二、选词填空
1.Otherwise 2.came across 3.adapt to 4.the other day 5. dries up
6.sticks out 7.makes no difference 8.in need 9.dying to 10.dry out
疑难解析：
5. 句意：如果外援枯竭，那个国家的形势会很严重。
6. stick out 伸出，显眼，坚持到底。brick 砖。
7. make no difference 没有影响，都一样。
三、单项选择
1. C。从下句可知用hear from，表示“收到......的来信，有了......的消息”。
2. A。dry up指河、湖等干涸。dry out（使很湿之物）变干，干透。
3. D。there is no need to do sth. 不需要做某事。
4. B。句意：Ronny的脚步声逐渐消失了，只剩下一时的万籁俱寂的安静。die away 逐渐模糊，逐渐减弱，以至于觉察不到，如描绘声音、风、光线等逐渐消失；die down指逐渐平息，尤其指火焰、风暴、疼痛、谣言等；die off 死去，先后死去；die out灭绝(指家族或物种)。
5. B。operate on sb. 给某人做手术；for 表示原因；appendicitis 阑尾炎。
6. A。in need of 需要。句意：据报道，18-25%的老年人都需要抑郁、焦虑和其它的心理紊乱方面的心理医疗保健。
7. C。voluntary 自愿的；theoretical 理论上的；superb 卓越的；specific 明确的，详尽的。句意：这家慈善机构工作所需要的资金是人们自愿捐赠的。fund 为......提供资金。
8. C。relevant有关的，切题的；relative 相对的；responsible 负有责任的；practical 实际的。句意：选择职业与你的民族没有关系，但是你说这门语言的能力是有关系的。
9. C。respond 回复；attach 附上；adjust 调整；expose 暴露。句意：温血动物有能力准确地调节身体热量以保持体温，尽管天气不断变化。
10. D。考查省略句的用法。why not为什么不呢；how so 怎么会这样；what for 为什么目的；what if 如果……怎么办呢。句意为：如果驾驶考试通不过怎么办呢？由句意可知，D项是正确的。
11. A。purchase 买的东西。从“from the shops”可知A是正确的。C、D指“商品、货物”，不合题意。
12. C。句意：这对表兄弟年龄相仿，但在其他方面，他们却有着天壤之别。otherwise表示“在其他方面； 除此以外”。as different as day and night表示“黑白分明(天壤之别)”。
13. B。the other day 前几天。another day 另一天；some day 总有一天；all day long 整天。
14. A。考查介词with的复合结构，因为“中国”与“参与”是主动关系，而且“参与”目前正在进行，用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。作宾补时，不定式一般表示将来。
15. A。come across 遇到、碰到、邂逅、发现；care about关心；focus (使)集中。句意：如果你发现瑕疵，但是还是想买下它，就要求店员降价。
16. A。第一空：由before I joined them可知，work发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时或过去完成进行时，排除C、D；而有“now”可知第二空用现在进行时，排除B。第一空用过去完成进行时表示“过去一直进行，且延续到过去某时的动作”。句意：我介入前他们一直忙于这个项目几乎一周了，现在我们还忙着，因为还没有得出好的结果。
17. B。whether引导的主语从句。if表示“是否”时只用于宾语从句。句意：是否每个成员国都要均摊委员会的费用的问题已经在会上提出了。
18. B。句意：有些血型分布广，其他的则是地域性的分布，还有些任何地方都很稀少。distribute 分布，分配；contribute 贡献，捐献；attribute to 归功于；convey 传送。
19. C。be dying to do sth. “渴望做某事”，dying 在句中做状语，去掉be。curious 好奇的；interested 搭配in; attracted 搭配 by。
20. D。“参加、参与比赛(或活动)”可用 participate in, 亦可用 take part in.
四、语法填空
1. beneficial 2. carrying 3. supporters 4. favor/favour 5. appropriately
6. Besides 7. in 8. ones/organs 9. who/that 10. be cured
学习目标
重点词汇
adjust participate otherwise donate distribute voluntary purchase relevant operate remote privilege
重点短语
hear from （be）dying to come across the other day dry out dry up in need
重点句型
whether引导的从句
过去完成进行时与过去完成时
知识讲解
重点词汇
【Sharing词汇精讲】
adjust
【原句回放】The hut was dark inside, so it took time for our eyes to adjust. 小屋里很黑，因此眼睛过了好一阵才适应过来。
【点拨】adjust vi. 适应
vt. 调整，使……适合
常用搭配：adjust to 适应（to 是介词，加动词-ing形式）
She carefully adjusted her clothes and hair before going to the interview．
去面试前她认真整理衣服和头发。（adjust作“调整”讲，直接接宾语）
It took him quite a long time to adjust to the heat of India．
他花了很长时间才适应了印度的温度。
My parents had trouble adjusting to living in an apartment.
我的父母费了很多的功夫才适应住在公寓里。
【拓展】adjustable adj. 可调节的
adjustment n. 调整，调节
Can you lend me an adjustable spanner? 你能借我一把可调节的扳手吗?
participate
【原句回放】I loved listening to the family softly talking to each other in their language, even though I could not participate in the conversation. 他们家里人轻声细语地用自己的语言在交谈。我很喜欢听他们谈话，尽管我不能加入他们的谈话。
【点拨】participate vi. 参与,分享,分担
常用搭配：participate in sth. 参与某事，分享某物
Everyone in the class is expected to participate in these discussions.
班里每个人都要参加这些讨论。
I will participate (=share) in your suffering and joy. 我将和你同甘共苦。
【拓展】participant n. 参与者，分享者
participation n. 参与 ，分享
All the participants in the debate will have an opportunity to speak.
参加辩论的人都将有机会发言。
Union leaders called for the active participation of all members in the day of election.
联盟领导人号召所有的人在选举日能积极参与。
otherwise
【原句回放】Otherwise they don’t waste anything. 否则的话，他们是不会浪费任何东西的。
【点拨】otherwise conj. & adv. 用别的方法；其他方面；否则
We were going to play football, but it was so hot that we decided to do otherwise.
我们本来想踢足球，但是天太热了，我们决定做点别的事情。（用别的方法）
We’ll go early, otherwise (=or) we may not get a seat.
我们要早点走，否则可能会没有座位了。
【拓展】or otherwise 或用其他方式； 或不是
We will get there somehow, by train or otherwise.
我们将到达那里，乘火车还是别的什么。
Whether she was married or otherwise was none of my business.
她结婚了还是没有都与我无关。
donate
【原句回放】Would you like to donate an unusual gift? 你是否想要赠送一份特殊的礼物？
【点拨】donate vt. 捐赠
The businessman donated a lot of money to the hospital.
这个商人向那家医院捐了很多的钱。
This computer was donated to us by a local company.
这台计算机是当地一家公司捐赠给我们的。
【拓展】donation n. 捐赠，捐赠物
They made a generous donation to charity. 他们向慈善组织进行了慷慨的捐助。
The hospital receives a good deal of money in donations.
这家医院在捐献过程中收到了大量钱款。
相关短语：
give/ make/ present a donation to sb./ an organization捐赠给某人/组织
distribute
【原句回放】This gift covers the cost of production and distribution of seedlings, as well as training in tree care for the local villagers who are working hard to prevent their land from turning into desert. 这份礼物包含了幼苗的培育和销售费用，也包含了当地村民参加护树培训的费用，这些村民正努力工作以阻止他们的土地沙漠化。
【点拨1】distribute v.
1. 分发
Clothes and blankets have been distributed to the refugees. 衣物和毯子被分发给难民。
2. 配送
Milk is distributed to the local shops by Micheal. 牛奶是由米歇尔配送到当地商店的。
3. 使分布，使散布
Make sure the weight of the load is evenly distributed. 要保证装载物的重量均匀分布。
【拓展】区分：contribute 贡献
相关短语：contribute to有助于
Proper diet contributes to good health. 适当的饮食是对健康有帮助的。
【点拨2】distribution n. 分配，分发；分布状态
The conference discussed the fair distribution of income and wealth.
会议讨论了公平分配收入和财富的问题。
The town council passed a law forbidding the distribution of handbills.
市议会通过了一项禁止散发传单的法令。
【拓展】distributor n. 供销商 ■
voluntary
【原句回放】 The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it. 你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确实需要的人的一项生活上的无偿捐助。
【点拨】voluntary adj. 自愿的，志愿的，无偿的
When she retired she did a lot of voluntary work for the Red Cross.
她退休后为红十字会做了许多义务工作。
More and more people are now working in poor countries on a voluntary basis.
现在越来越多的人自愿在贫穷国家工作。
（on a voluntary basis 基于自愿，以自愿为原则）
【拓展】volunteer n. 志愿者；
v. 自愿或无偿地给予帮助
常见搭配：volunteer to do sth. 自愿/志愿做某事
The center needs more volunteers to help children to read.
中心需要更多的志愿者帮孩子们读书。
The company volunteered to donate fifty computers to help the disabled people.
这家公司自愿捐出50台电脑帮助那些残疾人。
I volunteered my services as a driver. 我作为司机自愿服务。
purchase
【原句回放】When you purchase an item, we will send you an attractive card for you to send to your special person. 你选购一份礼物时，我们会给你提供一张精美的卡片，让你送给你的某个特殊的人。
【点拨】purchase vt. 购买；（以某种代价）换得
n. 购买; 购得物（常用复数）
It will cost almost all the money for an old couple to purchase a house now.
现在一对老夫妻要买一幢房子要花掉几乎所有的钱。
They purchased life at the expense of honour. 他们用荣誉换取了生命。
We spent some money for the purchase of the furniture necessary for our new house.
我们花了些钱为新房子购买必要的家具。
He filled the car with his purchases. 他买的东西装满了车。
【拓展】常见短语：
make a purchase 采购 purchase price 买价
purchasing power 购买力
relevant
【原句回放】Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students, most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway. 有时候，我真想知道，化学对这些学生究竟有多大用处。他们中大多数人上完八年级以后就要回到他们的村庄去了。
【点拨】relevant adj. 有关的; 恰当的, 贴切的, 切题的（反义词 irrelevant）
常用搭配：be relevant to 与......有关
His nationality is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.
他的国籍与是否是个好律师无关。
This type of university course is no longer relevant to today’s problem.
这种大学课程与目前问题不再有关联了。
Many people consider politics is irrelevant to their lives.
许多人认为政治与他们的生活无关。
【拓展】 relevance n. 关联，切题，适宜
What you say has no relevance to what we are talking about.
你说的与我们正谈的事情无关。
补充：relevancy 关联（的事物），恰当，切题的话
operate
【原句回放】This gift covers the cost of exercise books and textbooks for community primary schools that operate in poor or remote villages. 这件礼物包括在贫穷或偏远村庄开办的社区小学的练习本和课本的费用。
【点拨】 operate vt. 操作，使运行
vi. 运转，工作；动手术；起作用
常见搭配：operate on sb. 给某人动手术
Who operates the machine? 那台机器由谁操作？
This machine operates night and day. 这台机器日夜运转着。
The doctors operated on her/ her stomach last night. 医生们昨晚给她/她的胃部做了手术。
The new drug began to operate not long after it is taken.
这种新药服用后不久就会开始见效。
【拓展】operation n. 操作，手术
perform /have an operation on给……动手术
come into operation 开始运转
put/bring...into operation 使……开始运转
in operation运转中
remote
【原句回放】This gift covers the cost of exercise books and textbooks for community primary schools that operate in poor or remote villages. 这件礼物包括在贫穷或偏远村庄开办的社区小学的练习本和课本的费用。
【点拨】remote adj. 遥远的，偏僻的，关系远的
I thought it fun helping the children in remote areas
我感觉帮助偏远地区的孩子们很有意思。
The phone can then be used as a remote control
这个电话可以当遥控器用。
He thinks teenagers are forced to study subjects that seem remote from their daily lives.
他认为青少年被迫学习和他们的日常生活关系不大的学科。
She looked so beautiful, and at the same time so remote.
她相貌如此美丽，同时又如此清高不群。
The remote education reaches the achievable result that is not gotten from traditional education.
远程教育可以达到传统教育手段所不能达到的效果。
(2018 江苏高考) Many young people，most of whom were well-educated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams．
许多年轻人，多数都受过良好的教育，去了偏远地区去追逐梦想。
privilege
【原句回放】It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family. 能与汤贝一家度过一天的时间真是莫大的荣幸。
【点拨】privilege n. 殊荣；特权，特别优待
vt. 给与……特权，特免
常用搭配：a privilege to do sth./ of (doing) sth. 做某事是荣幸的、
have the privilege to do sht. 有做某事的特权
You can enjoy all the benefits and privileges of club membership.
你可以享受俱乐部成员的一切福利和优惠。
I hope to have the privilege of working with them again.
但愿有幸与他们再度合作。
【拓展】privileged adj. 享有特权的，荣幸的，幸运的
常用搭配：be privileged to do sth. 干某事是荣幸的
We are privileged to have a distinguished guest with us tonight.
我们今晚有幸与一位贵宾在一起。
重点短语
hear from
【原句回放】It was wonderful to hear from you. 收到你的信真是太高兴了。
【点拨】hear from sb. 收到......的来信、电话等
注意：from后只接人或者机构等，而不接letter，call等词。
Not having heard from him for months, his mother was worried.
几个月没有他的音讯了，他妈妈很担心。
They will be delighted to hear from you. 他们会很高兴收到你的来信的。
【拓展】hear有关的短语：
hear about 听到关于......的事
hear sb. out 听某人把话说完
hear of 听说；听从（与will，would连用，用于否定句）
Have you heard about the new anticancer drug? 你听说过这种抗癌新药吗？
I’ve never heard of such a person. 我从没有听说这样一个人。
He wouldn’t hear of me paying for the bill. 我要付账，他不肯。
（be）dying to
【原句回放】I know you’re dying to hear all about my life here, I’ve included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about. 我知道你急于了解我在这儿的生活情况，所以我在信中附有几张照片，能够帮助你想象出我所谈到的地方。
【点拨】be dying to do sth. 极想/ 渴望做某事
be dying for sth. 渴望/很想得到某物
All of us are dying to see the film after hearing about it.
听说这部电影后，我们都极想看。
He was dying for something to drink. 他极想有点什么喝的。
After a long dry season the trees are dying / thirsty for water.
经过一个漫长的旱季，树木迫切需要水分。
【拓展1】表示“渴望”的同义短语：
be eager for / to do sth.
long for / to do sth.
be thirsty for sth／to do sth.
【拓展2】die构成的短语：
die away 逐渐停止，逐渐消失 die down逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊
die off 相继死去 die out逐渐消失，灭绝
The noise of the motorcar died away. 汽车的噪音渐渐消失了。
After the excitement of the audience died down, the speaker restarted his speech.
等听众激动的情绪平息后,演讲人又重新开始演讲。
come across
【原句回放】The boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the window. 男孩子们以前从来没有见过这种情况，吓得都往窗外跳去。
【点拨】come across 偶然遇到/发现, 碰见；被理解，被传达
She came across some old photos in the drawer. ?
她在抽屉里发现了一些旧照片。
I came across an old friend I hadn’t seen for years yesterday.
昨天我偶遇了一位多年不见的老友。
Your speech came across very well. 大家确实理解了你的发言。
【拓展】含come的短语：
come about 发生 come out 出版，被刊行
come to 达到，达成，归结为 come round重来，苏醒过来，回心转意
come down 传递，传给 come along 进展；偶然发生
How did it come about? 那事是怎么发生的？
When does John’s book come out? 约翰的书什么时候出版？
They came to the conclusion that they had made an unforgivable mistake.
他们得出结论：他们犯了一个不可原谅的错误。
the other day
【原句回放】The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling over everywhere！前几天， 我正给孩子们做每周一次的化学实验的演示，我还没有明白怎么回事，混合物就到处冒气泡了！
【点拨】the other day 前几天，不久前的一天
It was a terrible piece of work that you turned in the other day. 那天你交的作业太糟糕了。
【拓展】含day的短语：
another day 另一天 some day （将来）总有一天
one day（将来/过去）某一天 all day long 整天
day by day 一天天地 day after day 日复一日
by day 白天 day and night 日日夜夜地
Another day dragged by. 又挨过了一天。
I’ll buy a boat and sail around the world some day. 总有一天我会买条船环游世界。
One day, she just didn’t turn up for work, and we never saw her again.
一天，她没有上班，而且我们再也没有见过她。
dry out / dry up
【原句回放】 Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food. They believe that any leftovers attract evil spirits in the night, so the food is dried up in the can and the can is then thrown out of the hut. 汤贝告诉我说，罐子加热是为了把里面的残菜剩饭烧干。他们相信剩饭在夜晚会引来邪灵，所以要把食物放在罐子里烘干，再把罐子一起扔到屋外去。
【点拨1】 dry out（使很湿之物）变干，干透
Dry your shirt out on the radiator. 在散热器上把你的衬衫烤干吧。
Don’t leave the bread on the table; it will dry out. 别把面包放在桌子上，它会干掉的。
【点拨2】 dry up （使）完全变干，（河流，湖泊等）干涸，枯竭；消失，用完
Many rivers in that province have dried up these years.
这些年来那个省的许多河流都干涸了。
The sun has completely dried up the soil and the crops are dying.
太阳把土壤完全晒干了，庄稼要死了。
试一试：
1. If you don’t keep food covered, it ______.
2. That summer was so hot that the pool in that village ________.
3. We must stop wasting water, because it was _______.
答案：1. dries out 2. dried up 3.drying up (枯竭)
in need
【原句回放】Choose from this catalogue a really useful gift for some of the world’s poorest and bring hope for a better future to a community in need. 从这份清单中选择一份确实有用的礼物，送给世界上一些最穷苦的人吧。给急需帮助的社区带去改善未来的希望吧。
【点拨】in need 在困难中, 在危急中
对比：in need of ... 需要.......
A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难朋友才是真正的朋友。
The charity aims to provide assistance to the people in need.
这个慈善机构的宗旨是向贫困者提供帮助。
They are in need of food, which is a necessity for all living things.
他们需要食物，那是所有生物所必需的。
【拓展1】含need的短语
the need for sth. 对……的需要
at one’s need在某人困难时
satisfy/meet one’s needs满足某人的需要
【拓展2】相关句型：There’s no need for sb. to do sth. 没必要做某事
There’s no need for you to come if you don’t want to. 你不想来就不必来。
重点句型
whether引导的从句
【原句回放】In groups, discuss whether someone who helps the groups on the survey form can be called a “volunteer”. 分组讨论，帮助调查表中的团队的人是否可以被叫做“志愿者”。
【点拨】 whether引导的从句
whether引导名词性从句或让步状语从句，意为“是否，会不会，不管，不论”。
We don’t know whether the earthquake will go on. （引导宾语从句）
我们不知道地震是否会继续。
The question is whether he can come on time. （引导表语从句）
问题是他能否准时来。
Whether you like it or not, you’ll have to do it. (引导状语从句)
无论你喜欢还是不喜欢，你必须做这件事。
【拓展】引导从句时与if的区别：
1. if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”。
2. if和whether都可以引导宾语从句，经常可以互换，但是下面情况下多用whether：
1）正式文体中，与or not直接连用时。
I wonder whether or not it is big enough. 我不知道它是否够大。
2）作介词宾语时。
I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.
我还没有决定是否要回家去。
3）作discuss等词的宾语时。
We discussed whether we should close the shop.
我们讨论了是否该关闭那家商店。
注意：下面情况下也不用if表示“是否”：
1. 引导主语、表语、同位语从句时。
Whether it is true remains a question. 它是不是真的还是个问题。
2. 与不定式连用时。
She hasn’t decided whether to go or not. 她还没有决定去还是不去。
过去完成进行时与过去完成时
【原句回放】When we arrived at the village, Tombe’s mother, Kiak, who had been pulling weeds in her garden, started crying “ieee ieee”. 当我们到达村庄时，汤贝的母亲齐亚克本来在园子里拔草，看到我们就“嗳矣，嗳矣”地叫了起来。
【点拨】过去完成进行时与过去完成时
1. 构成：
过去完成进行时：had been doing
过去完成时：had done
2. 与一段时间连用时，过去完成进行时和过去完成时都可以表示一个动作从过去某时或在过去某个动作前开始，并可能延续下去。两种结构可以互换，但过去完成进行时更强调动作的持续性和未完成性。比较：
我到这里前，我弟弟已经在这家工厂工作了三年。
Before I arrived here, my brother had worked in the factory for three years.
(表示已经完成)
Before I arrived here, my brother had been working in the factory for three years.
（强调“一直在这家工厂工作了三年，中间没有间隔”）
3. 没有与一段时间连用时，区别较大：
1）过去完成进行时表示动作在过去某时或过去某动作时仍在进行。
2）过去完成时则表示动作到过去某时或某动作时已经结束。
比较：
He said they had prepared for the meeting. 他说他们已经为会议做好了准备。
（prepare的动作到say动作发生时已经完成）
He said they had been preparing for the meeting. 他说他们一直在为会议做准备。
（prepare的动作一直在进行，且有可能持续下去）
巩固练习
一、单词填空
根据句意及所给汉语提示或首字母用单词的正确形式完成句子。
1. Topics for composition should be__________ (与……有关) to the experiences and interests of the students.
2. Our members have the __________(特权) of using the lending service of the library.
3. The foreign friends hope that they can join the celebrations for the university’s 80th __________ (周年纪念).
4. In that training school, we even found some dogs that are being trained to _______ (嗅) out drugs.
5. The teacher ___________ (分发) the books to the students.
6. Is there any __________ (安全保障) against nuclear weapons?
7. In my opinion, these are _____________(政治) rather than social matters.
8. (2018 湖北高考)Whatever she says will not make any difference to our ___________(安排).
9. Local people are lining up to d_________ blood for the badly burnt girl in yesterday’s big fire.
10. It is said that this company is in serious f_____________ trouble now.
二、选词填空
从下面方框中选出适当的短语或单词并用其正确形式填空。
in need； stick out； dry out； make no difference；
otherwise； the other day； adapt to； come across； dry up； dying to
1． (2018 北京东城区期末) We were delayed at the airport. __________ we would have been here by lunch time.
2．(2018 重庆高考)You are very likely to _________ large wild animals，too.
3．The new students are very slow to__________ the rules.
4．Helen borrowed my dictionary __________，saying that she would return it soon.
5．If foreign aid __________, the situation in that country will be desperate.
6．My house is the only brick one on the street. It ________ and you can’t miss it.
7．Whether you go or not____________ to me.
8．(2018 新课标Ⅰ)Stepping out not only helped a brother _________，it also gave my kids the sweet taste of helping others．
9．I have been working on the project these days, and I’m really __________ have a good rest.
10．Water the plant regularly，never letting the soil________.
三、单项选择
1. I _______ my daughter in New York yesterday，and she told me of her life there.
A. heard of B. heard about? C. heard from D. heard out
2. Many rivers in Africa have dried _______ in this season every year. ?
A. up B. out? C. off D. at
3. _______ no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has already been settled.
A. It has B. There has? C. It is D. There is
4. Ronny’s steps______, and there was a moment of absolute silence.
A. died down B. died away C. died off D. died out
5. The surgeon decided to operate _______ her _______ appendicitis as soon as possible.
A. with; for B. on; for? C. on; with D. with; for?
6. It is reported that 18 to 25 percent of old people are _____ mental health care for depression, anxiety, and other psychological disorders.
A. in need of B. in spite of C. in case of D. in place of
7. The work of the charity is funded by ________ donations.
A. theoretical B. superb C. voluntary D. specific
8. Your nationality is not __________when choosing a career，but your ability to speak the language is.
A．relative B．responsible C．relevant D．practical
9. Warm-blooded animals have the ability to __________ body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather.
A．respond B．attach C．adjust D．expose
10. —I’ll take the driving test tomorrow!
—______ you should fail?
A．Why not B．How so C．What for D．What if
11. The children helped to carry their mother’s ________ from the shops after getting off the bus.
A. purchases B. matters C. commodity D. goods
12. The cousins are alike in age, but ________ they are as different as day and night.
A．anyhow B．besides C．otherwise D．moreover
13. I happened to see our old headmaster in the street ________ when I was walking home.
A. another day B. the other day C. some day D. all day long
14. With China ________ in the world trade more frequently，the world economy is developing more rapidly and steadily.
A．participating B．to participate C．participated D．being participated
15. If you ________faults but you still want the bicycle，ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.
A．come across B．care about C．look for D．focus upon
16. They _______ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we ______ on it as no good results have come out so far.
A. had been working; are still working B. had worked; were still working
C. have been working; have worked D. have worked; are still working
17. The question has been raised at the meeting ________each member country should equally share the expense of the committee.
A．that B．whether C．if D．what
18. Some blood types are quite common, others are regionally ________ and still others are rare everywhere.
A. contributed B. distributed C. attributed D. conveyed
19. ______to know the exam result, we all gathered at the door of the teachers’ office.
A．Interested B．Curious C．Dying D．Attracted
20. Every four years, many athletes from different countries ______ the Olympic Games.
A．take part in B．participate in C．join to D．both A and B
四、语法填空
（2018 浙江绍兴一中期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Human cloning is expected to be ____1____ (benefit) to mankind in many ways, although some people object to ___2___ (carry) out human cloning research. Below is a list that is far from completion. Dr. Richard Seed, one of the leading ____3____ (support) of human cloning technology, indicates that it may someday be possible to reverse (颠倒) the aging process because of what we learn from cloning. Scientists, who are also in ____4____ of human cloning technology, believe that heart attack victims may get treated ____5____ (appropriate) if their healthy heart cells are cloned and then injected into the areas of the heart that have been damaged. ____6____, there has been a breakthrough ____7____ human stem cells. Embryonic (胚胎的) stem cells can be grown to produce organs to repair or replace damaged ____8____. By combining this technology with human cloning technology it may be possible to produce needed organs for suffering people ____9____ will be free of rejection by their immune systems. Conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, diabetes, heart failure, and other problems may ____10____ (cure) if human cloning and its technology are not banned.
答案与解析：
一、单词填空
1. relevant 2. privilege 3. anniversary 4. sniff 5. distributed
6. security 7. political 8. arrangements 9. donate 10. financial
二、选词填空
1.Otherwise 2.came across 3.adapt to 4.the other day 5. dries up
6.sticks out 7.makes no difference 8.in need 9.dying to 10.dry out
疑难解析：
5. 句意：如果外援枯竭，那个国家的形势会很严重。
6. stick out 伸出，显眼，坚持到底。brick 砖。
7. make no difference 没有影响，都一样。
三、单项选择
1. C。从下句可知用hear from，表示“收到......的来信，有了......的消息”。
2. A。dry up指河、湖等干涸。dry out（使很湿之物）变干，干透。
3. D。there is no need to do sth. 不需要做某事。
4. B。句意：Ronny的脚步声逐渐消失了，只剩下一时的万籁俱寂的安静。die away 逐渐模糊，逐渐减弱，以至于觉察不到，如描绘声音、风、光线等逐渐消失；die down指逐渐平息，尤其指火焰、风暴、疼痛、谣言等；die off 死去，先后死去；die out灭绝(指家族或物种)。
5. B。operate on sb. 给某人做手术；for 表示原因；appendicitis 阑尾炎。
6. A。in need of 需要。句意：据报道，18-25%的老年人都需要抑郁、焦虑和其它的心理紊乱方面的心理医疗保健。
7. C。voluntary 自愿的；theoretical 理论上的；superb 卓越的；specific 明确的，详尽的。句意：这家慈善机构工作所需要的资金是人们自愿捐赠的。fund 为......提供资金。
8. C。relevant有关的，切题的；relative 相对的；responsible 负有责任的；practical 实际的。句意：选择职业与你的民族没有关系，但是你说这门语言的能力是有关系的。
9. C。respond 回复；attach 附上；adjust 调整；expose 暴露。句意：温血动物有能力准确地调节身体热量以保持体温，尽管天气不断变化。
10. D。考查省略句的用法。why not为什么不呢；how so 怎么会这样；what for 为什么目的；what if 如果……怎么办呢。句意为：如果驾驶考试通不过怎么办呢？由句意可知，D项是正确的。
11. A。purchase 买的东西。从“from the shops”可知A是正确的。C、D指“商品、货物”，不合题意。
12. C。句意：这对表兄弟年龄相仿，但在其他方面，他们却有着天壤之别。otherwise表示“在其他方面； 除此以外”。as different as day and night表示“黑白分明(天壤之别)”。
13. B。the other day 前几天。another day 另一天；some day 总有一天；all day long 整天。
14. A。考查介词with的复合结构，因为“中国”与“参与”是主动关系，而且“参与”目前正在进行，用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。作宾补时，不定式一般表示将来。
15. A。come across 遇到、碰到、邂逅、发现；care about关心；focus (使)集中。句意：如果你发现瑕疵，但是还是想买下它，就要求店员降价。
16. A。第一空：由before I joined them可知，work发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时或过去完成进行时，排除C、D；而有“now”可知第二空用现在进行时，排除B。第一空用过去完成进行时表示“过去一直进行，且延续到过去某时的动作”。句意：我介入前他们一直忙于这个项目几乎一周了，现在我们还忙着，因为还没有得出好的结果。
17. B。whether引导的主语从句。if表示“是否”时只用于宾语从句。句意：是否每个成员国都要均摊委员会的费用的问题已经在会上提出了。
18. B。句意：有些血型分布广，其他的则是地域性的分布，还有些任何地方都很稀少。distribute 分布，分配；contribute 贡献，捐献；attribute to 归功于；convey 传送。
19. C。be dying to do sth. “渴望做某事”，dying 在句中做状语，去掉be。curious 好奇的；interested 搭配in; attracted 搭配 by。
20. D。“参加、参与比赛(或活动)”可用 participate in, 亦可用 take part in.
四、语法填空
1. beneficial 2. carrying 3. supporters 4. favor/favour 5. appropriately
6. Besides 7. in 8. ones/organs 9. who/that 10. be cured