（人教版）高中英语选修八：Unit 4 Pygmalion语言点及其练习

Unit 4 Pygmalion语言点
学习目标
重点词汇
mistaken, hesitate, classify, betray, acquaintance, superior
disgusting, remark, condemn, compromise, overlook
　
重点短语
in terms of, pass off... as..., fade out, show... in, in amazement,
once more, in need of
重点句型
What if...?
generally speaking一族
知识讲解
重点词汇
mistaken
【原句回放】There you are and you were born in Lisson Grove if I’m not mistaken. 好了吧，你呀，如果我没有弄错的话，你出生在里森格罗佛。
【点拨】mistaken adj. 错的，误解的
If you thought she intended to be rude, you were mistaken.
　　如果你认为她是有意粗鲁的，就错了。
　　The minister doesn’t use simple plain language, and what he says is often mistaken.
　　那位大臣不用简单平实的语言，他所说的经常是错的。
【拓展】mistake n. 错误，过失，误会
vt. & vi. 误会，误解（mistook，mistaken）
常见搭配：make a mistake 犯错误
by mistake错误地
　　 mistake...for 误认为
　　There must be some mistakes in this bill. Please add up the figures again.
　　账单一定有错，请再加一遍数字。
　　I mistook Anna for his sister. 我把安娜当作他妹妹了。
　
【补充】There you are
There you are这里是口语用法，可以表示“就是这些；这就是你要的东西；拿去吧。你瞧；我说对了吧”等等。
hesitate
【原句回放】A gentleman passes and hesitates for a moment. 这时有位先生从这儿路过，他迟疑了片刻。
【点拨】hesitate vi. 犹豫，迟疑
　　常见搭配：hesitate to do 犹豫做某事
hesitate about / over doing sth. 对……犹豫不决
　　In case you need something, please don’t hesitate to ask me.
　　需要什么一定找我。
　　Though she hesitated for a moment, she finally went in and asked to see a dress in the window. 她犹豫了一下，最后还是进去要求看看橱窗里的一件女装。
　　She hesitated over the choice between the two blouses for her daughter.
　　给女儿买两件衬衫中的哪一件，她犹豫不决。
【拓展】hesitation n. 踌躇，迟疑
　　常见搭配：without (the slightest) hesitation 毫不迟疑地，毫不犹豫地
　　I have no hesitation in saying that I don’t like it.
　　我一点也没有犹豫就说我不喜欢它。　　
classify
【原句回放】Simply phonetics studied and classified from people’s own speech. 语音学对人的发音进行研究、分类，如此而已。
【点拨】classify vt. 分类；归类；把……分等级
　　常见搭配：classify sth. by/ according to 根据……为某物分类
　　 classify sth. in / into 把某物分成
　　 classify sth. as 把……归类为
　　In the library, books are usually classified by subjects.
　　图书馆的书通常按科目分类。
Is this article classified as a novel or a report?
这篇文章是归到小说类还是报道类？
【拓展】classified adj. 分类的；分等级的
　　　　classification n.分类法;分类
　　classified advertisements 分类广告
　　In this paper, we present a novel text classification method.
　　本文提出了一种新的文本分类方法。
betray
【原句回放】But they betray themselves every time they open their mouths. 但是他们一张嘴就会露出马脚（暴露自己的身份）。
【点拨】betray vt. 出卖，背叛；泄露
　　常见搭配：betray oneself 露出本来面目
　　 betray sth. to sb. 向某人泄露某事
　　Her face betrayed her nervousness. 她的脸上流露出紧张。
　　The officer betrayed the secret to his friends. 这位官员把秘密透露给他的朋友们。
【拓展】 betrayal n. 泄露，出卖
　 a betrayal of my principles 出卖我的原则
acquaintance
【原句回放】And I came to England to make your acquaintance! 我也正是到英国来找你的！
【点拨】acquaintance n. 熟悉, 认识；知识（不可数名词）
熟人（可数名词）
　　常见搭配：make one’s acquaintance /make the acquaintance of sb. 结识某人
have an acquaintance with 与.....相识，了解
have no acquaintance with 不熟悉，不了解
　　We made acquaintance the other day. 前几天我们结识了对方。
　　I have some acquaintance with English, but I do not know it well.
我了解一点英语，但是不精通。
He is not a friend, only an acquaintance. 他不是朋友，只是一个熟人。　　
【拓展】acquaint vt. 使了解，使熟悉
acquainted adj. 熟悉的
superior
【原句回放】superior
【点拨】superior adj. 优秀的，较高的，上级的，品质优良的
n. 上级，长官
　　常用搭配：be superior to比……更优越，优于
　　This hotel serves a superior grade of coffee. 这家旅馆提供高级咖啡。
His superior manner made people hate him. 他高傲的态度使人们都不喜欢他。
This carpet is far superior to that one in quality. 这块地毯在质量上比那块好很多。
　　注意：
　　superior隐含着比较的意义，因此前面不能再加more。与另一事物比较时，加介词要用to，不能用than。
【拓展】类似结构：
　　inferior to 低于……
　　senior to 比……年长(资深)
　　junior to 比……年幼(资浅)
disgusting
【原句回放】I’d never have come if I’d known about this disgusting thing you want me to do...
【点拨】disgusting adj. 使人反感的，令人厌恶的
Rubbish was piled everywhere — it was disgusting. 垃圾堆得到处都是——真恶心。
Smoking is a really disgusting habit. 吸烟真是令人厌恶的习惯。
It’s disgusting to hear him boasting about his new car.
听他吹嘘他的新车真让人恶心。
【拓展】disgust n. 厌恶
vt. 使厌恶（反感）
Your habits disgust me. 你的习惯让我反感。
【nit 4 Pygmalion词语精讲】
remark
【原句回放】You can place a man by just a few remarks. 你可以根据几句话判定是哪个地方的人。
【点拨】remark v. 谈到，评论；注意,觉察
A local newspaper remarked that crime was on the decrease.
当地一家报纸评论说犯罪率在下降。
Prof. Smith remarked on the difference between the two dictionaries.
史密斯教授对两本词典的区别做了评论。
I remarked the tense atmosphere as soon as I entered the room.
我一进屋就觉察到了那种紧张的气氛。
【拓展】remark n. 言辞;谈论,评论[C]；注意;察觉[U]
常见搭配：remark on/upon/about/at... 有关......方面的评论
He had a habit of making humorous remarks. 他习惯做幽默的点评。
He saw nothing worthy of remark at the exhibition.
在展览上他没看到任何值得注意的东西。
condemn
【原句回放】...the English that will condemn her to the gutter to the end of her days. ......英语说得那样糟糕，命中注定要在贫民窟里待一辈子了。
【点拨】condemn vt.
1. 责难,责备,（强烈）谴责 (+as)
We condemn his foolish behavior. 我们强烈谴责他的愚蠢的行为。
She is often condemned as uncaring. 人们经常责备她对别人漠不关心。
2. 宣告……有罪,判.……刑 (+to)
The judge condemned the thief to one year of hard labor.
法官判这个小偷一年的重体力劳动。
3. 迫使……处于(不幸的状态)；使某人注定要(+to)
Paralysis of the lower limbs condemned him to a wheelchair.
下肢瘫痪使他注定要坐轮椅了。
4. 宣告……不适用(不完善等)
The old bridge has been condemned. 已经宣布这座旧桥不能用了。
compromise
【原句回放】Oh, she is so deliciously low. (compromises) OK, I’ll teach you. 噢，她真是粗俗得可爱。（提出折衷办法）好吧，我教你。
【点拨】compromise
1. n. 妥协
I hope we shall come to a compromise. 我希望我们会达成一个折衷的方案。
The interior decoration of the house is a compromise between Chinese and foreign styles.
房子的内部装潢是中外风格的和谐的融合。
2. n. 连累,危及(+of)
She did it without compromise of her reputation.
她在不危及她的声誉的情况下做了此事。
3. vt. 连累,危及
You will compromise your good name if you associate with these people.
你如果与这些人联系会危及自己的好名声。
4. vt. 放弃(原则等);泄露(秘密等)
He refused to compromise his principles. 他拒绝放弃他的原则。
5. vi. 妥协,让步(+on)
I wanted to go to Greece, and my wife wanted to go to Spain, so we compromised on Italy.
我想去希腊，我妻子想去西班牙，于是我们互相妥协去了意大利。
overlook
【原句回放】But you cannot overlook that! 但是可不能小看这个问题了！
【点拨】overlook vt.
1. 眺望;俯瞰
The house on the hill overlooks the valley. 山上的房子俯视着山谷。
2. 看漏;忽略(+v-ing)
My calculation was wrong because I overlooked one tiny point.
我的计算出了错，因为我忽略了一个微小之处/小数点。
I’m sorry because I overlooked feeling your feelings.
对不起，我忽略了感受你的感受。
3. 宽恕,宽容
He has been kind enough to overlook my fault. 他很好心，宽恕了我的过错。
4. 细看;检查
He overlooked the contract before he signed it. 签署前他仔细检查了一遍合同。
5. 照管;监视
She did not know that she was being overlooked by the woman next door.
她并不知道她一直被隔壁的女人监视着。
6. 高耸于……之上
The monument overlooks the square. 纪念碑高耸在广场之上。■

重点短语
in terms of
【原句回放】Correct all these sentences in terms of grammar, spelling, etc, so that she can use them properly. 从语法、拼写等方面改正这些句子，以便她能恰当地使用它们。
【点拨】in terms of 至于，就......来说，在......方面
　　The book has been well reviewed, but in terms of actual sales it hasn’t been very successful.
　　这本书得到了好评，至于实际销售还不是很成功。
We’re thinking in terms of moving to the south, as there are so few jobs in the north.
我们正考虑迁居南方，因为北方工作那么少。
【拓展】含in的介词短语
in need of 需要 in charge of 负责
in search of 搜寻 in hope of 希望
in honor of 纪念；尊重 in favor of 有利于
in spite of 尽管 in case of 以防；万一
in place of 代替
This project is in great/urgent need of funds. 这个工程迫切地需要资金。
　　
pass off… as…
【原句回放】 But, sir, (proudly) once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador’s garden party. 不过，先生，（高傲地）要是一旦有人教她把英语说好了，她就可以在3个月后冒充公爵夫人出席大使举办的花园晚会了。
【点拨】pass off… as… 冒充成
　　She passed herself off as an experienced actress. 她冒充成有经验的女演员。
　　He passed his secretary off as wife. 他让秘书冒充他的妻子。
【拓展】含pass短语：
　　pass off 冒充，停止，进行　　 pass on to ...把……传递给
　　pass out昏倒,失去知觉　 pass away 去世
　　pass by 走过;不理会 pass sth. down 使流传
fade out
【原句回放】That’s usually considered very effective ...(fades out as they go off stage together) 那通常被认为很有效......（两人一起朝台下走去，声音逐渐减弱）
【点拨】fade out (声音、画面) 逐渐模糊、渐淡
　　When you turn off a transistor radio, the sound fades out gradually.
关闭半导体收音机时, 声音慢慢消失。
In Japan this custom is slowly fading out.
在日本这个习俗正逐渐消失。
【拓展】fade away （记忆力等）渐渐消失
注意：fade away表示声音渐渐消失时, 与fade out, die away通用。
show... in
【原句回放】Show her in, Mrs Pearce. 皮尔斯夫人，带她进来。
【点拨】show in 带/领……进来
　　I was shown in as soon as I arrived. 我一到就被领进去了。
【拓展】相关短语：
　　show sb. out领某人出去 show sb. around 领某人参观某地
　　show off 炫耀 show up 出现；揭露
in amazement
【原句回放】(looking at the collected money in amazement) Well, I never. A whole pound! (惊奇地看着收集起来的钱) 啊，我还从来没有见过！整整一个英镑呢！
【点拨】in amazement 惊讶地，震惊地
　　They took out a million pound note in amazement from the envelope.
　　他们吃惊地从信封中拿出一张一百万英镑的钞票。
　　All the people nearby looked at the big fire in amazement.
附近的人们都吃惊地看着大火。
【拓展】类似短语：in surprise in astonishment in shock
　　
once more
【原句回放】Once more, take her away, Mrs Pearce, immediately. 我再说一遍，把她带走，皮尔斯夫人，立刻带走。
【点拨】once more/ again 再来一次，再来一遍
You have every reason to try it once more. 你有充分的理由再试一次。
Once again the station came in sight. 那车站又在眼前出现了。
【拓展】once构成的一些短语：
at once 立刻，马上 all at once 同时，突然
more than once 不止一次 once and again 屡次，再三地
once in a while 有时，偶尔地 once upon a time 从前
in need of
【原句回放】She’s in need of both. 这两个方面她都需要。
【点拨】in need of 需要
The house is in need of a thorough clean before we move in.
房子需要彻底打扫一下我们才能搬进去。
He said he was in great need of my help. 他说他非常需要我的帮助。
【拓展】in need在贫困中,在危难中，处于困境（经济上）；需要帮助
We are collecting money for children in need. 我们在为贫困儿童募捐。
When (you are) in need, don’t hesitate to ask me for help.
需要时，请不必客气地找我帮忙。
　
重点句型
What if...?
【原句回放】What if I was? 如果我是又怎样呢？
【点拨】What if...? 要是......会怎样呢？ 倘若......又如何？
注意：What if? 相当于“What would happen if ...?”，表示假设、邀请或建议，可以用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气（一般过去时或should+动词原形）。
What if she forgets to bring the tool? 要是她忘记带工具怎么办？
What if this problem had to be solved in the next half-hour?
在接下来的半小时里，如果这个问题必须解决，你会怎样做?
What if you join us for lunch? 同我们一起吃午饭怎么样？
What if we moved the sofa over here? Would that look better?
要是我们把沙发挪到这边来会怎么样？看上去会不会好一些？
【拓展】类似省略句型：
What for...? 为何目的？为何理由？
What though...? 尽管......有什么关系？
What of it? 那又怎么样呢？（承认某事属实，想知道为何重要）
So what? (口语)那又怎样？（认为某事无关紧要或反驳他人的指责）
generally speaking一族
【原句回放】Generally speaking, people are more polite to those who they think are of a higher social class and less polite to those they consider are members of a lower class. 一般来说，人们对于他们认为地位比他们高的人要更礼貌一些，而对于他们认为地位低一些的人，他们的礼貌就差一些。
【点拨】generally speaking 一般来说
Generally speaking, girls can learn English better than boys.
一般来说，女孩学英语比男孩学得好。
Generally speaking, those who pay attention to physical exercise are in good health.
一般来说，那些注意体育锻炼的人身体健康状况良好。
【拓展】类似结构：
strictly speaking 严格地说 personally speaking 就个人而言
broadly speaking 广义地说 in general 总的来说，大体上
as a general rule 一般而言，在通常情况下
巩固练习
一、单词填空
根据句意及所给首字母或汉语提示用本课单词的正确形式完成句子。
1．Neither side was willing to c_________, so they didn’t come to an agreement.
2．Eggs are c__________ by weight as Extra Large，Large，Medium，and Small.
3．She tried to pretend to be calm，but her voice b________ her nervousness.
4．If you can’t understand the foreign film, you can read the c________ on the screen.
5．The mayor was strongly c________ by the public for the city’s high crime rate.
6．Hundreds of country people left their villages to seek their f________ in the south of China.
7．The clothes a person wears may express his s________ or social position.
8．These details are easily o__________，so you should pay attention to them.
9．Did you see the a_________ of Gone with the Wind on TV last night?
10．This medicine turned out to be quite e________ against cancer.
二、选词填空
从下面方框中选出适当的短语或单词并用其正确形式填空。
in terms of； in need of； apart from； take...for...； pass...off； fade out
in amazement； be superior to； acquaintance with; deal with
1．There is rarely any attempt to __________ these copies __________ as originals.
2．The musician had little __________ modern science, so he went to a professor for help.
3．The father thinks Tom ________ far ________ his twin brother in mathematics.
4．Have you any concrete thoughts on how to________ this difficulty?
5．The idea seemed to________ and the club was never formed.
6．When she came to the door, Cinderella stood silent and stared __________.
7．__________their house in London，they also have a villa in Spain.
8．I won’t tell her the secret — what do you_________ me__________？
9．The house is __________a thorough clean before we move in.
10．The job is great_________ salary，but it has its disadvantages.
三、单项选择
1. That was not the first time he ______ us. I think it’s high time we _______ strong actions against him.
A. betrayed, take　　B. had betrayed, took C. has betrayed, took　　D. has betrayed, take
2. The attack by terrorists has been __________ by the entire world.
A．condemned B．scolded C．criticized D．blamed
3. If we all agree to make _______ with each other when we are in disputes, wars are forever gone and we are surely live in peace.
A. adjustment B. compromise C. promise D. acquaintance
4. The house is surrounded by trees，so it is ________ at all.
A．neglected B．ignored C．noticed D．overlooked
5. ________ natural resources，it is one of the poorest countries in Western Europe.
A．In terms of B．In case of C．As a result of D．In face of
6. It was in the United States that I made the ______ of Professor Jones.A．acquaintance B．association C．recognition D．acknowledgement
7. Beethoven is my favorite musician. I regard him ______ other musicians.A．more superior to B．more superior C．superior to D．superior than
8. When they got there, they found the people suffering the storm were ______ food and water supplies.
A．in need of B．in praise of C．in honour of D．in place of
9. They took ______ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping.A．fruitful B．beneficial C．efficient D．effective
10. Would you ______ her novels as serious literature or as merely entertainment?A．divide B．classify C．arrange D．separate
11. When it is immoral or unlawful, people should not ______ to say no. Otherwise they will put themselves into trouble.
A. beg　 B. hesitate C. desire D. seek
12. She stared at the priceless antique ring _________, with her mouth open.
A. in amazement　　　 B. in return 　　　C. in fun 　　　D. in amusement
13. It is unwise to _______ your greater knowledge in front of the manager.
A. show in B. show out C. show up D. show off
14. _________, the more expensive the camera, the better its quality.
A. General spoken 　　　　　B. Speaking general
C. Generally speaking 　　　　D. Spoken generally
15. I was ________ about it. I thought you were responsible and that’s why I scolded you. Please forgive me.
A. curious B. worried C. particular D. mistaken
16. When day dawned, stars_________ from the sky.
A. kept away 　　　B. faded out 　　　C. faded into 　　　D. died out
17. What a ______ smell! How long was it since you last cleaned the house?
A. smelly B. tasty C. sweet D. disgusting
18. —They say Philip’s brother is a billionaire.
—_________? He wouldn’t accept any help from his brother, even if it were offered.
A. What if B. What for C. So what D. Forget it
19. —Why was the man condemned to be shot?
—Because he ________ himself ________ as the chairman and caused a great loss.
A. passed; away B. passed; down C. passed; off D. passed; on
20. It was his _________ he made at the conference that left me wondering about his real purpose.
A. marks B. remarks C. symbols D. signs
答案与解析：
一、单词填空
1.compromise　 2.classified　 3.betrayed　 4.caption 5. condemned　
6.fortune　 7.status　 8.overlooked　 9.adaptation 10. effective
疑难解析：
4.caption。看不懂外国电影，可以读“字幕”。caption 字幕，说明文字，标题。
6.fortune。seek one’s fortune 寻找机会。fortune 机会，运气，前途，财富。
7.status。衣服可以显示人的身份（status）和社会地位。
9.adaptation。Gone with the Wind 小说名，译成《飘》。所以填adaptation（改编本，适应）。
10. effective 有效的。
二、选词填空
1.pass；off　 2. acquaintance with　3. is; superior to　 4.deal with　 5.fade out　
6. in amazement　7.Apart from　 8.take；for　 9.in need of　 10.in terms of
疑难解析：
4.deal with 对付，处理。
7.Apart from 除了。从下文also可知。
8.take ... for （尤指错误地）以为，把......看作。
三、单项选择
1. B。句型This/ That is the first time (that)…中that从句经常用现在完成时，前面主句谓语动词是一般过去时，所以要填过去完成时；It’s (high) time 后接从句常接一般过去时，表示“到该做某事的时间了”。betray 出卖；take action 采取行动。
2. A。考查动词辨析，condemn尤指对不道义的事情“谴责”，scold指“训斥”，criticize指对某人的过失“批评，指责或评论”，blame指对犯错误和做不好的事情的人指责，让其负责。恐怖袭击应该受到“谴责”。
3. B。按照前句意思“如果我们在有争端时彼此之间做出妥协和让步”；make compromise with表示“与......妥协”，符合句意。
4. D。考查动词辨析，overlook指因匆忙而疏忽或视而不见，或没注意到，“房子被树环绕，因此根本看不到。” neglect 忽略，遗漏；ignore 不理，不顾。
5. A。句意：就自然资源而言，那是西欧最穷的国家之一。In terms of 就.....而言，从......方面而言；In case of 万一；As a result of 由于......的结果；In face of 面临。
6. A。make the acquaintance of sb. 与……相识。association 协会；recognition 认识，承认；acknowledgement 致谢。
7. C。superior to “在品质、级别等方面更好”，表示比较意义，前面不能加more。
8. A。句意：当他们到达那里时，他们发现遭受风暴的人们需要水和食物。in need of 需要；in praise of 赞扬；in honour of 为纪念；in place of 代替。
9. D。考查形容词词义。fruitful有成果的；beneficial有益的；effective有效的；efficient 有能力的，有效力的。句意：他们采取了有效措施来防止有毒气体泄漏。
10. B。classify...as... 把……归入……类。divide 表示“分开”，搭配into；arrange 表示“安排”；separate 意为“分开”，搭配 from。句意：你会把她的小说按严肃文学或娱乐文学分类吗？
11. B。句意：事情是不道德的或者是非法的，人们应该毫不迟疑地拒绝，否则就会陷入麻烦。hesitate 犹豫；beg 乞求；desire 希望；seek 寻求。
12. A。句意：她惊奇地盯着那个极其贵重的古董戒指。in amazement 惊奇地；in return 作为报答；in fun 开玩笑地，不是认真地；没有D这个固定搭配。
13. D。考查短语辨析。句意：你在经理面前炫耀你的知识是不明智的。show off炫耀；卖弄；符合句意。show in 把......领进；show out 领出；show up 到场，出席。
14. C。Generally speaking 表示“一般来说”，是固定短语。
15. D。从下文的解释：以为对方负责因而责备了对方，并因此道歉可知，应选D，即承认自己错了。curious 好奇的；worried 担忧的；particular 特别的。
16. B。fade out 渐弱，淡出；keep away （使）不接近；die out （物种等）绝迹。句意：天破晓了，星星渐渐消失了。
17. D。句意：好恶心的味儿呀！你多久没有清扫房子了？disgusting 令人作呕的，令人厌恶的；smelly 表示“有臭味的”，是smell的派生词，为了避免重复，不选smelly修饰smell；tasty 美味的；sweet 甜的。
18. C。What if? (如果那样)又如何？往往是假设一种情况；what for 为什么，相当于why；forget it 意为“休想”或“算了吧”，一般不用于问号前；so what意为“那又怎样”，符合句意。
19. C。pass sb./ oneself off as 冒充，假扮。答语句意：因为他冒充主席并且造成了巨大的损失。pass away 去世；pass down 传下去；pass on传递。
20. B。remarks 言论，评述。句意：是他在会上所述的话使我怀疑他的真实目的。mark 记号；symbol 象征；sign 迹象。