（人教版）高中英语必修一：Unit 1 Friendship话题语言应用--“友谊”写作练习
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| 名称 | （人教版）高中英语必修一：Unit 1 Friendship话题语言应用--“友谊”写作练习 |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-08-18 22:07:40 | ||
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话题语言应用——友谊
语言积累
交际用语
表示同意的表达方式(agreement)：
I agree. 我同意！
Yes, I think so. 是的，我也这样认为。
So do I. 我也是这样。
Me too. 我也是。
Exactly. 确实如此！
No problem. 没问题。
Sure. 当然！
Certainly. 当然！
Of course. 理所当然。
All right. 行；可以
You are right / correct. 你是对的。
Good idea. / I think that is a good idea. （我认为）那是一个好主意。
表示不同意的表达方式(disagreement)：
I don’t think so. 我不这么认为。
Neither do I. 我也不……
That’s not right. 那样不对。
Yes, but... （道理）是这样，但是……
I’m afraid not. 恐怕不是这样。
No way. 没门！绝不！
I’m sorry, but I don’t agree. 抱歉，但是我不同意（你的说法）。
Of course not. 当然不是这样。
I disagree. 我不同意！
范例：
1. — I think the shop is closed at this time of day. 我想商店这个时候关门了。
— No, I think it’s open. 不，我认为还开着门。
2. — I think foreign languages are more interesting than science. 我认为外语比科学更有意思。
— I really can’t agree with you. I prefer science. 我真的不同意你的说法，我更喜欢科学。
3. — I think I shall read a book instead. 我想我会看看书。
— Good idea. That’s much better than watching a bad TV program.
好主意！那比看一个糟糕的电视节目好多了。
4．— I don’t think that it’s true. He’s always telling strange stories.
我认为那不是真的。他总是讲一些稀奇古怪的故事。
— I know. But this time I can’t decide if he is right or not.
我知道，但是这次我真不能确定他是不是正确的。
5. — I think Chinese is more popular than any other subject. 我认为汉语比其他科目更受欢迎。
— Maybe. But I prefer art. 也许是吧，但我更喜欢美术课。
6. — Don’t think in Chinese when you’re speaking English. 说英语的时候别用中文思维。
— You are quite right. 你说得很对。
话题词句
What are your friends like?
我们可以用如下词来描述：honest, brave, wise, loyal（忠诚的）, smart, handsome, modest (谦虚的), kind, happy, strong, beautiful, rich, funny, kind-hearted, helpful, lovely, talkative, silent, careful, outspoken (直言不讳的), generous (大方), unselfish, hardworking, diligent, trustworthy, etc.
What are the 2 most important qualities your best friends should have?
我们可以有如下表述：
1. My best friend should be diligent and helpful. Because I’d like someone to study with and we can encourage each other when we are in difficulty.
2. I like to make friends who are similar to me. I mean similarity (相似性) in character. I want a friend I can laugh with, so he or she should be happy and outgoing.
But the most important is he or she must be honest. Actually, I don’t have many friends, but my friends are nice guys.
3. I think a friend is someone who you can trust with all of your wildest dreams and secrets, without having to worry about what they will think. Also, he should be outspoken, who never tries to conceal (隐瞒) his own secrets. (trustworthy)
Top 7 Qualities of a Good Friend
研究友谊的有关专家总结的关于好朋友的七条最重要的要求:
1. Take a genuine (真正的) interest in others. 对别人有真正的兴趣；
2. Be a giver, not a taker. 做一个付出者而不是索取者；
3. Be loyal. 要忠诚；
4. Be a positive person. 要积极乐观；
5. Appreciate the differences in others. 欣赏彼此的差异；
6. Build on common interests. 友谊建立在共同的兴趣上；
7. Be open, honest, and real. 开放，诚实，真实；
Unforgettable moments with friends
你能想起跟朋友们一起度过的难忘的时刻吗？
Enjoy the friendship：a school trip to the zoo；a birthday party；a football match
Have problems with friends
然而，跟朋友之间也会有一些问题，怎么处理呢？
1. I’ve experienced feelings of loneliness, jealousy, anger, and pressure with my friends. I’ve lost friends in the past, and I understand the troubles of maintaining (保持) a friendship. However, I know how to be confident and how to distinguish (区别) who my real friends are. I love giving advice to my friends about all of their problems!
2. 有关友谊的通信
Dear Brie,
I’m having some trouble with my classmates at the moment. I’m getting along well with a boy in my class. We often do homework together and we enjoy helping each other. We have become really good friends. But other students have started gossiping.
They say that this boy and I have fallen in love. This has made me angry. I don’t want to end the friendship, but I hate others gossiping. What should I do?
Yours,
Lisa
针对上文Lisa的问题，我们可以给她如下的建议：
Dear Lisa，
There is nothing wrong with you and this boy being friends and studying together. Of course a boy and a girl can be good friends. Ending your friendship with this boy would be a stupid thing to do. You would lose a good friend and someone to study with.
Teenagers like to gossip, and they often see something that isn’t real. Perhaps your classmates cannot understand your friendship with this boy. That’s no reason to stop it. My advice is to ignore your classmates. That way you will show them that you are more grown-up than they are.
Yours,
Brie
■
Small Talk Can Build New Friendships (2018 安徽高考)
Put a group of strangers in a room together, and they’ll probably start a conversation. “Hot today, isn’t it?” one might say. “You said it (真是这样).” another replies.
Why do we talk so much about the weather? When we meet new people, we don’t begin by telling them our life story. We start with small talk, a polite conversation about something like traffic or weather.
Research suggests that small talk can build new friendships. When we begin conversations with new people, we want to feel comfortable, and so do they. We use small talk to find common interests. Once (一旦) we have a common interest, a friendship can begin.
Have you ever felt that you want more friends?（2018 广东华南师范大学附中期中） Start with small actions. If you’re uncomfortable with long conversations with people, start by just saying “hi” and asking what the person is doing. Even if you do more listening than talking in the beginning, people will usually still like you. When it comes to conversations, remember “F.O.R.”. It stands for family, occupation (职业) and recreation (休闲). You are most likely to be asked about these three topics when you meet someone new. Most people feel comfortable talking about the three topics. The great thing is that you also can communicate with someone new in these three areas. Honesty is the best policy. In friendship, “honesty” is the fundamental quality that one must have. One should always be honest with his or her friends. Don’t laugh at people’s fault. Praise them honestly and openly. Say you are sorry if you hurt your friend. Give more than you take. Be there when they need you, encourage them; we all need encouragement now and then. Encourage their dreams. Life seems meaningless without them. Wish your friends good luck. Examine your purpose before you “help out”. Love and never forget them. 写作运用
建议信（Letters of advice）的写作
建议信是写信人向收信人就某事提出自己的建议或忠告，如果写给个人，多是对对方遇到的问题提出自己的看法或观点；如果是写给某个组织机构，多是对改进服务提出建议或忠告。
建议信多以第一人称为主，时态多用一般现在时或一般将来时。内容一般采用“三段式结构”：
首先表明自己的身份并说明写信的目的，表明建议的前提和事情的原委；
其次，围绕问题，科学合理、委婉地提出建议。注意站在对方的立场考虑问题，语言应得体；所提出的建议应该有说服性，注意措辞，慎用must等命令性词汇。
最后，礼貌地表达希望自己的建议能对对方有所帮助，并表示个人的建议仅供参考。
常用表达句型
信件开头常用句式：
1. I am writing to express my idea concerning…
2. I am writing to ask you to consider…
3. I think it would be good for you to consider the following (下列的) suggestions.
4. I would like to take the opportunity (机会) to express my…
5. You have asked me for my advice on…and I will try to make some suggestions.
表达建议常用句式：
1. I feel that it would be beneficial (有益的) to express my views (看法) concerning…
2. In the first place (首先)… I would also recommend (推荐)…Last but not least (最后但同等重要的)…
3. It would seem... to me that you could … 对我来说似乎你能够……
4. If I were you, I would… 如果我是你，我会……
信件结尾常用句式：
1. I would be more than happy if my proposals (提议) could be considered and positive changes take place in these regards (方面).
2. I hope you will take my advice into account. (take ... into account 考虑)
3. I hope you will consider my suggestions.
4. Thank you for reading my letter.
5. I am looking forward to receiving your attention.
写作范文
Example 1
Dear Xiaodong,
I’m sorry you have trouble in making friends. However, the situation is not difficult to change if you take some measures. Here are my tips to help you.
Firstly, if you are interested in basketball, for example, you could talk with your classmates who like it too. It’s an easy way to start talking to others.
Secondly, when a group of your classmates are discussing, you can join them if you know something about the subject they are discussing. Even if you know nothing about the subject, you can also say something like “That sounds interesting. What’s it about?” I’m sure they will tell you something about it.
Thirdly, why not go and talk to people around you? Maybe they also feel like talking to you. Most people welcome new friends.
I hope you find the ideas helpful to you.
Yours,
Miss Wang
Example 2
（2018 甘肃兰州一中期末） 为了帮助中学生健康成长，你校英文报纸开辟了“HEART-TO-HEART”专栏。假设你是编辑李华，收到一封署名为Worried的求助信。信中说他最近学习压力大、容易发脾气、与家人及同学关系紧张。请用英文给该同学写一封回信。
内容要点如下：
1．表示理解并给予安慰；
2．提出建议并说明理由。
参考词汇：发脾气 lose one’s temper
参考范文：
Hi Worried,
I’m sorry to know that you’re having such a bad time at the moment. The truth is that everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong, so you don’t have to worry much. The important thing is to learn to release your pressure and control your temper so that you can get along well with your family and friends. Here are three useful tips:
First, talk to someone you trust about your feelings. This is a good way to let your stress and anger out without hurting others or yourself. Second, go outdoors and relax yourself with your favorite sports with your friends. Besides, you should have a positive attitude towards your study and life, which can be helpful in lifting your spirits.
I hope my suggestions will be useful for you.
Yours,
Li Hua
Example 3
（2018 宁夏银川一中期中）假如你叫李华，你的好朋友张敏来信说每次遇到重要的考试，她都会出现一些焦虑的症状，想让你给她提出一些建议并说明建议的理由。请你用英语给她写一封回信，信的内容包括以下要点：
1.考前制定好复习计划；
2.考试期间正常休息；
3.介绍有助于睡眠的两种方法；
4.希望对方考试顺利。
字数：100左右。信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇 anxiety n. 焦虑
Dear Zhang Min,
I’m sorry to know that you are always anxious before important exams. _________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Zhang Min,
I’m sorry to hear that you are always anxious before important exams. But I don’t think it difficult to get out of such exam anxiety if you can take the following tips.
First of all/To begin with, it’s a good habit to study hard every day and a proper revision schedule may help a lot for the coming exam. In this way, you can avoid suffering from the pressure of exams. Besides/In addition, plenty sleep can make you energetic and enable you to perform well/better in the exam. Therefore, during the period of exams, it is not wise/a good idea to stay up too late. If you can not fall asleep before an exam, why not try a warm bath or a cup of warm milk before going to bed, which may help you to have a sound sleep.
I hope you can find your best state and good luck to your coming exams.
Yours.
Li Hua
巩固练习
一、单项选择
1. Some students have trouble _______ grammar while others have difficulty _______ new words.
A. in; remember B. for; to remember C. on; remembering D. with; remembering
2. He is different _________ his brother, but he is similar _________ his father.
A. from, from B. to, to C. from, to D. to, from
3. —I think students should have mobile phones to call their parents.
—_____. They often use them to play games instead.
A. I hope so B. I disagree C. No problem D. Good idea
4. prevent her from attending the meeting, he took away the key to their car .
A. So as to; by mistake B. In order to; on purpose
C. In order to; to her surprise D. So as to; in surprise
5. His absence ____ our great difficulty.
A. added B. added to C. added up D. added up to
6. —Daddy，can you come home for supper with us this weekend?
—_____，but I might be a little late．
A．No way B Hard to say C．Of course D．Never mind
7. is your work ?
A. What; getting B. How, getting on
C. What; getting along D. How; getting along with
8. Though we have serious natural calamities（灾难）, we’re sure to smooth away all difficulties.
A. suffered B. suffered from C. struck with D. met with
9. We sometimes need to _____old memories, bad habits and other past traditions.
A. appreciate B. get rid of C. keep alive D. move from
10. Mr. Smith, who was eight-four years old,______ the Second World War and had a couple of adventures.
A. went on B. went for C. went against D. went through
11. —It isn’t very nice if someone is yelling in public. (2018福建高三质检)
—________. It’s annoying.
A. Sorry, I’m not with you B. I couldn’t agree more
C. I’m afraid not D. I have no idea
12. With the help of __________ people，I can be more successful in volunteer work.
A．serious B．generous C．nervous D．dangerous
二、完形填空
Are you carrying too much on your back at school? Lots of kids(孩子) at the same age as you are.
Not only are students in China __1__ from this problem, but kids in the United States are __2__ fed up with（饱受……之苦） heavy school bags.
Experts are starting to __3__ that more and more young students are having back and neck problems as a result of school bags __4__ too heavy for them.
“It’s hard for me to get up the __5__ with my bag because it’s so heavy,” said Rich Hammond, __6__11-year-old student in the US.
Rick is among the students who have __7__ backpacks（背包）with two straps(带子) to carry them, __8__ a number of other students choose rolling backpacks.
But even with rolling backpacks, __9__ up stairs and buses with them is __10__ a problem for kids. Many of them have hurt their knees, backs or necks because of heavy school bags.
But how much is too __11__? Experts say students should carry __12__ more than 10 to 15 per cent of their own body weight.
Scott Bautch, a Wisconsin __13__doctor, said kids under 4th grade should __14__with 10 per cent. But it’s also important that older kids don’t go __15__ 15 percent, because their bones are still growing.
Bautch explained that there are other injuries caused by backpacks. “Kids are __16__ their balance and falling down with these backpacks,” he said.
Parents and teachers are starting to tell the kids to only take __17__ library books they will be reading that night. Some teachers are using worksheets(作业纸) or __18__ workbooks for students to take home.
One of the best answers is, as some __19__ themselves suggested, to have no homework __20__!
1. A. meeting B. facing C. experiencing D. suffering
2. A. already B. always C. yet D. also
3. A. explain B. say C. worry D. announce
4. A. being B. be C. are D. is
5. A. schools B. stairs C. houses D. homes
6. A. this B. that C. a D. an
7. A. special B. unusual C. ordinary D. regular
8. A. when B. then C. but D. and
9. A. getting B. climbing C. going D. turning
10. A. only B. still C. even D. just
11. A. more B. very C. much D. many
12. A. no B. not C. any D. much
13. A. children B. student C. bag D. baby
14. A. carry B. stay C. take D. bring
15. A. about B. under C. beyond D. before
16. A. keeping B. missing C. losing D. making
17. A. home B. class C. school D. city
18. A. valuable B. thin C. important D. interesting
19. A. reports B. teachers C. parents D. kids
20. A. at all B. after all C. in all D. for all
三、阅读理解
第一节
（一）
Bamboo is one of the nature’s most surprising plants. Many people call this plant a tree, but it is a kind of grass.
Like other kinds of grass, a bamboo plant may be cut very low to the ground, but it will grow back very quickly. A Japanese scientist recorded one bamboo plant that grew almost 1.5 meters in 24 hours! Bamboo grows almost everywhere in the world except Europe. There are more than 1,000 kinds of bamboo that grow around the world on both mountains and plains(平原).
Not all bamboo looks the same. Some bamboo plants are very thin. They may only grow to be a few centimeters wide while others may grow to more than 30 centimeters across. This plant also comes in different colors, from yellow to black to green.
Many Asian countries have been using bamboo for hundreds of years. They often use bamboo for building new buildings. As a matter of fact, the cables(绳索) that hold up the hanging bridge across the Min River in Sichuan are made of bamboo. The bridge has been in use for more than 1,000 years, and is still holding strong.
In Africa, engineers are teaching poor farmers how to find water using bamboo. These African countries need cheap ways to find water because they have no money, and their fields often die from no rain and no water. It seems that bamboo is one of the best things they can use. Bamboo pipes and drills(钻) can help to make the poor thirsty fields to be watered.
1. How is bamboo like grass?
A. It is thin and easy to cut. B. It grows everywhere.
C. It grows quickly after its cut short. D. It is short and green.
2. The sentence “while others may grow to more than 30 centimeters across” means “Some other bamboo plants may grow to be very _______.”
A. short B. strong C. thick D. tall
3. From the text we know ____________.
A. most people call bamboo plant trees
B. a bamboo plant may grow 4.5 meters in three days
C. the bamboo plant changes its colors when it grows
D. a bridge held by bamboo cable was built thousands of years ago
4. Why did the engineers teach the poor farmers in Africa to make use of bamboo?
A. Because it is cheap. B. Because it is colorful.
C. Because it drills fast. D. Because it is used by Asians.
5. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. There are many different kinds of bamboo with different colors.
B. Cables made of bamboo can last for over a thousand years.
C. Bamboo can be used for buildings, bridges and watering projects(工程).
D. Bamboo plants are able to grow well in any part of the world.
（二）
Japanese students work very hard but many are unhappy. They feel heavy pressures(压力) from their parents. Most students are always told by their parents to study harder and better so that they can have a wonderful life in the future. Though this may be a good idea for those very bright students, it can have terrible results for many students who are not gifted (有天赋的) enough. Many of them have tried very hard at school but have failed in the exams and have their parents lose hope. Such students felt that they are hated by everyone else they meet and they don’t want to go to school any longer. They become dropouts.
It is surprising that though most Japanese parents are worried about their children, they do not help them in any way. Many parents feel that they are not able to help their children and that it is the teachers’ work to help their children. To make matters worse, a lot of parents send their children to those schools opening in the evenings and on weekends — they only help the students to pass the exams and never teach them any real sense of the world.
Many Japanese schools usually have rules about everything from the students’ hair to their clothes and things in their school bags. Child psychologists(心理学家) now think that such strict rules are harmful to the feelings of the students. Almost 40% of the students said that no one had taught them how to get on with others, how to tell right from wrong and how to show love and care for others, even for their parents.
1. “Dropouts” are those who _______.
A. make troubles in and out of schools
B. go about or stay home instead of being at school
C. try hard but always fails in the exams
D. lose hope and give up some of their subjects
2. According to the passage, it’s necessary to teach students _______.
A. how to study well
B. how to get on with others
C. to show love and care for others
D. All above
3. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A. The Trouble in Japanese Schools
B. The Problems of Japanese Students
C. Education in Japan
D. The Pressures on the Students in Japan
第二节：七选五（2018 广东华南师范大学附中期中）
Years ago, if a teenager had some problems in his or her life, he or she might write in his or her diary. Now a teenager with the same problems might go onto the Internet and write about them in a blog. In many ways, a diary and a blog are almost the same. So, what makes a blog different from a diary?
______1______ Usually, a teenager treats his or her diary like a book full of secrets. Both diaries and blogs tell what happened to the writer that day.
I have a little sister, and sometimes I go online to read her blog. She writes about things like waking up early for swimming practice and not studying enough for her chemistry exam. ______2______ Then, after I finished writing, I would hide my diary in a secret place because I was worried that my sister might read it!
Because a blog is such a public way of writing, it has both good and bad points. ______3______ If I am angry with a friend during school and write something bad about her in my diary, she will never know. However, if my sister writes something bad about a friend, that friend may read her blog and get angry. ______4______
A blog has good points, of course. ______5______ People choose to write in blogs because they know that their friends will read what they write. If I am feeling sad one day and write in my diary, “Nobody cares about me,” no one will know about it. However, if my sister writes the same words in her blog, her best friends will quickly reply and tell her how much they like her.
If People are careful about what they write, blogs are a very good way to write about everyday life. However, I still prefer my old diary!
A. So we have to be very careful of what we write.
B. When I was her age, I wrote about the same things, but only in my diary.
C. The biggest problem with a blog is that anyone can read what you write.
D. The biggest difference is that a blog is much more public than a diary.
E. Everyone intends to keep his own secret.
F. Blogs help people stay in contact with their friends and hear what the people around them are doing.
G. When we write a diary we usually write down what we have done or how we think of others.
四、语法填空
This is a real story I experienced. A few years 1 leaving my secondary school in Manchester, I was invited to help out with the school’s Christmas Fair. I decided to have a go at being Father Christmas. I had 2 (recent) grown my first full beard and thought that I would enter into the role 3 rubbing flour into my beard. 4 I say it myself, I looked rather splendid and I certainly attracted lots of customers.
I was enjoying 5 greatly, bringing a sense of magic to so many young children, but I was confused by one young boy 6 paid for a second visit and then astonishingly for __7__ third. The presents on sale were really pretty pitiful, so I asked him why he was coming to see me so often. He 8 (answer) simply, “I just love talking to you.”
It was then 9 I realized that, in many households, parents do not encourage their children to talk and really listen to them. This was a lesson that I have taken with me throughout my life. So, at home, at work, I always encourage family, friends, colleagues 10 (talk) about themselves and their feelings — and really listen.
五、短文改错（2018 四川高考）
下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词；
删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：每句不超过两个错误。
Hi, Janice,
It’s been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.
As I tell you last time, I made three new friend here. We hang out together during lunch and after school. We’ve been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars. It’s been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many. And I started to see this as a time-wasting activity! In fact, I don’t like to go anymore, so I’m afraid I’ll lose their friendship. How do you think I should do? If you are me, would you talk to him?
Please help with me and give me some advice.
Grace
六、翻译句子。
1. 感谢你们对我们照顾得如此周到。
_____________________________________________
2. 我盼望着你的来访。
_____________________________________________
3. 我写信是想咨询一下如何能提升我的英语听力技巧（listening skills）。
_____________________________________________
4. 医生认为你休个假会有好处的。
___________________________________________
5. 很抱歉你在交友方面有些麻烦。
___________________________________________
6. 为什么不去和周围的人谈谈呢？
___________________________________________
7. 我今天不太想散步。(feel like)
___________________________________________
8. 我看见Tom和Harry在打篮球，我就去和他们一起玩了。（join）
___________________________________________
9. 最后，但是同等重要的是，随身带着足够的钱。
___________________________________________
10. 你只要遵从他的劝告，就决不会出错。
___________________________________________
七、书面表达
（一）
你的朋友Lucy最近要参加一次工作面试，希望你（Wang Bin）能给一些建议。请给Lucy写一封英文信，并提出合适的建议。
（二）
（2018 江苏启东中学期中）亲爱的同学们，从八月底到现在，高中生活已经两个月了！初中的学习生活（ junior school life）也许还历历在目，但崭新的高中（senior school）生活更值得你有所憧憬、有所作为。请你写一篇短信给你的初中英语老师，信中需表达以下要点：
1、感谢帮助。
2、在高中认识了更多的同学和老师，和大家相处愉快。
3、新环境中出现了一些问题，比如……（至少写两点）
4、希望老师回信给出建议。
5、盼望再次见到老师，祝福老师。
要求：词数100左右；可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear teacher,
How time flies! It’s almost two months since my senior school life began. ______________
__________________________________________________________ ____
Yours,
Li Hua
答案与解析
一、单项选择
1. D. have trouble/ difficulty with sth./ (in) doing sth. 在某方面/做某事方面有困难。
2. C. be different from 与……不同；be similar to 与……类似
3. B. 句意：—我认为中学生应该拥有手机给家长打电话。—我不同意，他们却常常使用手机玩游戏。题干中的instead表示不同意对方观点，因此选B
4. B. 表达“为了”且位于句首时，该用in order to do而非so as to do；on purpose故意地；by mistake由于差错；in surprise吃惊地。
5. B. add to增加，添加。add up 加起来；add up to 总计为，加起来是；add 又说，加。
6. C. No way 没门，绝不；Hard to say 很难说；Of course 当然；Never mind 别介意。由后句“但是也许晚一点儿”可知，答语应为肯定回答，所以选C。
7. B. How is your work getting on? =How are you getting on/along with your work? 你的工作进展得怎么样?
8. B. suffer from受……之苦。suffer sth 经受，使遭受，后面多接loss 损失，pain疼痛，punishment惩罚， defeat失败等。strike with 为……而触动；meet with 偶然遇到。
9. B. 句意：我们有时需要去除陈旧的记忆、坏习惯和其它惯例。因为是陈旧的记忆、坏习惯等等，所以要去除，选B。appreciate 感谢，欣赏；keep alive 保持活泼/活着；move from 从……移动。
10. D. 句意为“八十四岁的史密斯先生经历了第二次世界大战，有两次冒险经历。”，只有D项go through 有“经历”的含义。go on 继续；go for 非常喜欢；go against 违背。
11. B。根据句意，“公共场合大吵大闹是不好的。”“我非常同意，那令人厌烦。”选B。I couldn’t agree more. 表示“我非常同意”。I have no idea. 我不知道。
12. B。句意：在慷慨的人们的帮助下，我的志愿者工作会更成功的。serious 严肃的；generous 慷慨的；nervous 紧张不安的；dangerous 危险的。
二、完形填空
内容概要：本文论述了沉重的书包对孩子身体所带来的危害，并发出了呼吁——取消家庭作业。
1. D. 由后面的also fed up with（也饱受……之苦）选定。
2. D. not only…but also系习惯搭配。
3. C. 学生负担重，是一个人人皆知的现象，无需专家指出，故排除A、B、D三个选项。
4. A. of后是一个介词短语，故选非谓语动词being。
5. B. 由副词up可排除另三个选项。
6. D. 此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，又由于eleven以元音开头，所以选择an。
7. D. 这里的regular等于usual，意为“正常的、通常的”，背着书包上学，确实应视为“正常”现象。
8. C. 使用带滚轮的书包是有悖于背书包上学这一正常现象的，前后意义在此形成转折。
9. A. 上文已呈现过这一说法，此外，另三个选项不能与bus搭配。
10. B. 根据even选定。
11. C. 由主语中的much推定。
12. A. no more than意为“仅仅”。not more than意为“不超过”，须后接一个固定值，10 to 15表示的是一个区间，数值并不固定，故舍去D。
13. D. 通过排除法选定。儿科医生用baby doctor，所以A是不能选用的。
14. B. stay表示“坚持，承受”。另三词后面不能用with。
15. C. beyond意为“超出”。前面已交待过学生背负的重量应在自身体重量的10%至15%之间，即不能“超出”15%。
16. C. 背着背包跌倒的原因就是身体“失去”平衡。
17. A. 第18空后再现了take home这一说法，此外，另三个词是名词，不能作状语，所以应舍去。
18. B. 这里讨论的是作业的量，而不是质，故选thin。
19. D. 全文谈的是学生学习负担沉重的事，因此，由themselves我们首先联想到的是kids。
20. A. 根据全文意义和与否定词经常连用的特点选定at all。
三、阅读理解
第一节
（一）这是一篇关于竹子的说明文。讲述了竹子的生长处、种类、颜色、用途等。
1. C. 由第2段的第1句我们可以推测出竹子与其他草类相似的地方是grow back very quickly。
2. C. 阅读第3段的第2句They may only grow to be a few centimeters wide while others may grow to more than 30 centimeters across可推知：while(表对比，意为“而”)前面讲有些竹子(bamboo)很细，只有(only)几厘米粗，而与相比，while 后面则讲有些竹子长得很壮，可以有30厘米粗。因此答案选C。
3. B. 由第2个题目我们可知竹子一天能长1.5米，那么三天就能长4.5米。
4. A. 根据第5段第2句Because?they?have?no?money可知要选用便宜的bamboo。
5. D. 第2段的倒数第2句中说except?Europe，由此可知答案为D。
（二）这是一篇关于日本学生所受到的沉重的压力的文章。家长的过高期望、日本学校严格的制度都使得一些学生丧失了上学的兴趣，甚至不懂得如何和他人相处。
1. B. 词义猜测题。根据 Such students felt that they are hated by everyone else they meet and they don’t want to go to school any longer(这样的学生觉得他们被所有认识的人讨厌，他们不想再去学校)可推知答案为 B。
2. D. 细节题。由第2段的最后一句我们知道：They only help the students to pass the exam，所以 … teach students how to study well 是必要的，而第3段最后一句也说 no one taught them how to get on with others，即A、B、C皆是正确的，故选 D。
3. D. 主旨题。这是文章主旨题。由全文看来，每一段都脱离不了“学生所受到的压力”这个中心，所以“日本学生的压力”是最适合的标题。
第二节
1．D根据上文“So, what makes a blog different from a diary?”可知下文介绍两者的不同。故选D。
2．B根据下文“Then, after I finished writing”可知此处表示作者也会写这些，故选 B。
3．C根据上文“Because a blog is such a public way of writing, it has both good and bad points.”及下句，可知此处介绍博客所存在的问题，故选C。
4．A根据上文“However, if my sister writes something bad about a friend, that friend may read her blog and get angry.”可知此处表示对写的东西要注意。故选A。
5．F根据上文中“has good points”可知此处介绍博客的好处，故选F。
四、语法填空
1. after。根据后文内容可知，作者是在中学毕业一些年后被邀请到母校帮忙的，故此处填介词after。
2. recently。根据句子结构可知，此处填副词recently修饰had grown。
3. by。根据空格后的rubbing可知，此处填by，by doing…意为“通过做……方式”。
4. Although/Though。根据句意可知，此处填连词Although/Though。句意：尽管这是我自己说的，我当时确实看起来相当棒，我确实吸引了很多顾客。
5. myself。enjoy oneself为固定搭配，意为“过得快乐”。因为主语是I，所以此处填myself。
6. who。根据句子结构可知，此处填who引导定语从句，who在从句中作主语。
7. a。根据前文a second visit的提示可知，此处应填a。a＋序数词表示“又一次，再一次”。
8. answered。本篇文章主要讲述过去的故事，故此处用一般过去时。
9. that。此处是强调句型。被强调部分是then，故填that。
10. to talk。此处是encourage sb. to do sth.的固定表达，故填to talk。
五、短文改错
Hi, Janice,
It’s been a month since I came to this new school and I really want ∧ share with you some
to (1)
of the problems I have been experiencing.
As I tell you last time, I made three new friend here. We hang out together during lunch and
told (2) friends (3)
after school. We’ve been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars. It’s been three Saturdays now singing (4)
and it really costs me many. And I started to see this as a time-wasting activity! In fact, I don’t like much (5)
to go anymore, so I’m afraid I’ll lose their friendship. How do you think I should do? If you but (6) What (7)
are me, would you talk to him? were (8) them (9)
Please help with (10) me and give me some advice.
解析：
1. want to do想要做某事。want后用动词不定式作宾语。
2. 根据last time 上一次，tell的时态应该是一般过去时。
3. make friends with sb.表示“和……交朋友”，短语中“friend”应该用复数形式。
4. 句型“spend … (in) doing sth. （花时间/金钱做某事）”中，常省略介词in，spend后所接动词常用动词-ing形式。
5. 根据句意“花费了我很多的钱”，而钱是不可数名词，要用much代替。
6. 根据前后句子的逻辑关系来看，两个分句是转折关系：我再也不想去了______我又怕失去这段友谊。所以把so改为but。
7. 句子中的do缺少宾语，所以应用特殊疑问词what，表示“你认为我应该做什么？”。
8. 根据句意：“假如你是我”，是与现在事实的相反的假设，要用虚拟语气，从句中are应该用were。
9. 因为前文交代了交了三个朋友，所以应该是与“他们”交谈而非“他”，注意用宾格。
10. help是及物动词，后面可以直接跟人作宾语，即help sb. (with sth.)，表示“（在某方面）帮助某人”。
六、翻译句子。
1. Thank you for looking after us so well.
2. I’m looking forward to your visit/ visiting us.
3. I’m writing to ask for some advice on how to improve my listening skills in English.
4. The doctor thought (that) it would be good for you to have a holiday.
5. I’m sorry you have trouble in making friends.
6. Why not go and talk to people around you?
7. I don’t feel like walking very much today.
8. I saw Tom and Harry playing basketball, and went to join them (in the game).
9. Last but not least, bring enough money with you.
10. You’ll never go wrong if you follow his advice．
七、书面表达
（一）
Dear Lucy,
You asked me for some advice on how to prepare for a successful interview and I will try to offer some useful suggestions.
First of all, find out the information as much as you can about the company before you go to the interview. Secondly, practice your answers to common questions and make a list of questions to ask, too. It will make you feel more confident and relaxed. Thirdly, try to make the best impression: dress appropriately, show your strengths, arrive early, be enthusiastic, shake hands firmly, be an active listener, sit up straight and maintain eye contact. Finally, do not forget to say “thank you” after the interview.
I hope you will find these suggestions helpful. Good Luck!
Sincerely yours,
Wang Bin
（二）
Dear teacher,
How time flies! It’s almost half a year since my senior school life began.
First, I want to say “Thank you very much” from the bottom of my heart, because you helped me greatly with my study so that I could make great progress.
Now I also feel lucky to know more excellent classmates and teachers. We make friends, and help each other greatly. However in the new environment, some problems come along with my study and daily life.( for example, I am no longer the most excellent student.……)So I hope you can answer my letter and give me some advice.
I’m looking forward to seeing you again.. I wish you happy and healthy all the time.
Yours,
Li Hua
语言积累
交际用语
表示同意的表达方式(agreement)：
I agree. 我同意！
Yes, I think so. 是的，我也这样认为。
So do I. 我也是这样。
Me too. 我也是。
Exactly. 确实如此！
No problem. 没问题。
Sure. 当然！
Certainly. 当然！
Of course. 理所当然。
All right. 行；可以
You are right / correct. 你是对的。
Good idea. / I think that is a good idea. （我认为）那是一个好主意。
表示不同意的表达方式(disagreement)：
I don’t think so. 我不这么认为。
Neither do I. 我也不……
That’s not right. 那样不对。
Yes, but... （道理）是这样，但是……
I’m afraid not. 恐怕不是这样。
No way. 没门！绝不！
I’m sorry, but I don’t agree. 抱歉，但是我不同意（你的说法）。
Of course not. 当然不是这样。
I disagree. 我不同意！
范例：
1. — I think the shop is closed at this time of day. 我想商店这个时候关门了。
— No, I think it’s open. 不，我认为还开着门。
2. — I think foreign languages are more interesting than science. 我认为外语比科学更有意思。
— I really can’t agree with you. I prefer science. 我真的不同意你的说法，我更喜欢科学。
3. — I think I shall read a book instead. 我想我会看看书。
— Good idea. That’s much better than watching a bad TV program.
好主意！那比看一个糟糕的电视节目好多了。
4．— I don’t think that it’s true. He’s always telling strange stories.
我认为那不是真的。他总是讲一些稀奇古怪的故事。
— I know. But this time I can’t decide if he is right or not.
我知道，但是这次我真不能确定他是不是正确的。
5. — I think Chinese is more popular than any other subject. 我认为汉语比其他科目更受欢迎。
— Maybe. But I prefer art. 也许是吧，但我更喜欢美术课。
6. — Don’t think in Chinese when you’re speaking English. 说英语的时候别用中文思维。
— You are quite right. 你说得很对。
话题词句
What are your friends like?
我们可以用如下词来描述：honest, brave, wise, loyal（忠诚的）, smart, handsome, modest (谦虚的), kind, happy, strong, beautiful, rich, funny, kind-hearted, helpful, lovely, talkative, silent, careful, outspoken (直言不讳的), generous (大方), unselfish, hardworking, diligent, trustworthy, etc.
What are the 2 most important qualities your best friends should have?
我们可以有如下表述：
1. My best friend should be diligent and helpful. Because I’d like someone to study with and we can encourage each other when we are in difficulty.
2. I like to make friends who are similar to me. I mean similarity (相似性) in character. I want a friend I can laugh with, so he or she should be happy and outgoing.
But the most important is he or she must be honest. Actually, I don’t have many friends, but my friends are nice guys.
3. I think a friend is someone who you can trust with all of your wildest dreams and secrets, without having to worry about what they will think. Also, he should be outspoken, who never tries to conceal (隐瞒) his own secrets. (trustworthy)
Top 7 Qualities of a Good Friend
研究友谊的有关专家总结的关于好朋友的七条最重要的要求:
1. Take a genuine (真正的) interest in others. 对别人有真正的兴趣；
2. Be a giver, not a taker. 做一个付出者而不是索取者；
3. Be loyal. 要忠诚；
4. Be a positive person. 要积极乐观；
5. Appreciate the differences in others. 欣赏彼此的差异；
6. Build on common interests. 友谊建立在共同的兴趣上；
7. Be open, honest, and real. 开放，诚实，真实；
Unforgettable moments with friends
你能想起跟朋友们一起度过的难忘的时刻吗？
Enjoy the friendship：a school trip to the zoo；a birthday party；a football match
Have problems with friends
然而，跟朋友之间也会有一些问题，怎么处理呢？
1. I’ve experienced feelings of loneliness, jealousy, anger, and pressure with my friends. I’ve lost friends in the past, and I understand the troubles of maintaining (保持) a friendship. However, I know how to be confident and how to distinguish (区别) who my real friends are. I love giving advice to my friends about all of their problems!
2. 有关友谊的通信
Dear Brie,
I’m having some trouble with my classmates at the moment. I’m getting along well with a boy in my class. We often do homework together and we enjoy helping each other. We have become really good friends. But other students have started gossiping.
They say that this boy and I have fallen in love. This has made me angry. I don’t want to end the friendship, but I hate others gossiping. What should I do?
Yours,
Lisa
针对上文Lisa的问题，我们可以给她如下的建议：
Dear Lisa，
There is nothing wrong with you and this boy being friends and studying together. Of course a boy and a girl can be good friends. Ending your friendship with this boy would be a stupid thing to do. You would lose a good friend and someone to study with.
Teenagers like to gossip, and they often see something that isn’t real. Perhaps your classmates cannot understand your friendship with this boy. That’s no reason to stop it. My advice is to ignore your classmates. That way you will show them that you are more grown-up than they are.
Yours,
Brie
■
Small Talk Can Build New Friendships (2018 安徽高考)
Put a group of strangers in a room together, and they’ll probably start a conversation. “Hot today, isn’t it?” one might say. “You said it (真是这样).” another replies.
Why do we talk so much about the weather? When we meet new people, we don’t begin by telling them our life story. We start with small talk, a polite conversation about something like traffic or weather.
Research suggests that small talk can build new friendships. When we begin conversations with new people, we want to feel comfortable, and so do they. We use small talk to find common interests. Once (一旦) we have a common interest, a friendship can begin.
Have you ever felt that you want more friends?（2018 广东华南师范大学附中期中） Start with small actions. If you’re uncomfortable with long conversations with people, start by just saying “hi” and asking what the person is doing. Even if you do more listening than talking in the beginning, people will usually still like you. When it comes to conversations, remember “F.O.R.”. It stands for family, occupation (职业) and recreation (休闲). You are most likely to be asked about these three topics when you meet someone new. Most people feel comfortable talking about the three topics. The great thing is that you also can communicate with someone new in these three areas. Honesty is the best policy. In friendship, “honesty” is the fundamental quality that one must have. One should always be honest with his or her friends. Don’t laugh at people’s fault. Praise them honestly and openly. Say you are sorry if you hurt your friend. Give more than you take. Be there when they need you, encourage them; we all need encouragement now and then. Encourage their dreams. Life seems meaningless without them. Wish your friends good luck. Examine your purpose before you “help out”. Love and never forget them. 写作运用
建议信（Letters of advice）的写作
建议信是写信人向收信人就某事提出自己的建议或忠告，如果写给个人，多是对对方遇到的问题提出自己的看法或观点；如果是写给某个组织机构，多是对改进服务提出建议或忠告。
建议信多以第一人称为主，时态多用一般现在时或一般将来时。内容一般采用“三段式结构”：
首先表明自己的身份并说明写信的目的，表明建议的前提和事情的原委；
其次，围绕问题，科学合理、委婉地提出建议。注意站在对方的立场考虑问题，语言应得体；所提出的建议应该有说服性，注意措辞，慎用must等命令性词汇。
最后，礼貌地表达希望自己的建议能对对方有所帮助，并表示个人的建议仅供参考。
常用表达句型
信件开头常用句式：
1. I am writing to express my idea concerning…
2. I am writing to ask you to consider…
3. I think it would be good for you to consider the following (下列的) suggestions.
4. I would like to take the opportunity (机会) to express my…
5. You have asked me for my advice on…and I will try to make some suggestions.
表达建议常用句式：
1. I feel that it would be beneficial (有益的) to express my views (看法) concerning…
2. In the first place (首先)… I would also recommend (推荐)…Last but not least (最后但同等重要的)…
3. It would seem... to me that you could … 对我来说似乎你能够……
4. If I were you, I would… 如果我是你，我会……
信件结尾常用句式：
1. I would be more than happy if my proposals (提议) could be considered and positive changes take place in these regards (方面).
2. I hope you will take my advice into account. (take ... into account 考虑)
3. I hope you will consider my suggestions.
4. Thank you for reading my letter.
5. I am looking forward to receiving your attention.
写作范文
Example 1
Dear Xiaodong,
I’m sorry you have trouble in making friends. However, the situation is not difficult to change if you take some measures. Here are my tips to help you.
Firstly, if you are interested in basketball, for example, you could talk with your classmates who like it too. It’s an easy way to start talking to others.
Secondly, when a group of your classmates are discussing, you can join them if you know something about the subject they are discussing. Even if you know nothing about the subject, you can also say something like “That sounds interesting. What’s it about?” I’m sure they will tell you something about it.
Thirdly, why not go and talk to people around you? Maybe they also feel like talking to you. Most people welcome new friends.
I hope you find the ideas helpful to you.
Yours,
Miss Wang
Example 2
（2018 甘肃兰州一中期末） 为了帮助中学生健康成长，你校英文报纸开辟了“HEART-TO-HEART”专栏。假设你是编辑李华，收到一封署名为Worried的求助信。信中说他最近学习压力大、容易发脾气、与家人及同学关系紧张。请用英文给该同学写一封回信。
内容要点如下：
1．表示理解并给予安慰；
2．提出建议并说明理由。
参考词汇：发脾气 lose one’s temper
参考范文：
Hi Worried,
I’m sorry to know that you’re having such a bad time at the moment. The truth is that everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong, so you don’t have to worry much. The important thing is to learn to release your pressure and control your temper so that you can get along well with your family and friends. Here are three useful tips:
First, talk to someone you trust about your feelings. This is a good way to let your stress and anger out without hurting others or yourself. Second, go outdoors and relax yourself with your favorite sports with your friends. Besides, you should have a positive attitude towards your study and life, which can be helpful in lifting your spirits.
I hope my suggestions will be useful for you.
Yours,
Li Hua
Example 3
（2018 宁夏银川一中期中）假如你叫李华，你的好朋友张敏来信说每次遇到重要的考试，她都会出现一些焦虑的症状，想让你给她提出一些建议并说明建议的理由。请你用英语给她写一封回信，信的内容包括以下要点：
1.考前制定好复习计划；
2.考试期间正常休息；
3.介绍有助于睡眠的两种方法；
4.希望对方考试顺利。
字数：100左右。信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇 anxiety n. 焦虑
Dear Zhang Min,
I’m sorry to know that you are always anxious before important exams. _________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Zhang Min,
I’m sorry to hear that you are always anxious before important exams. But I don’t think it difficult to get out of such exam anxiety if you can take the following tips.
First of all/To begin with, it’s a good habit to study hard every day and a proper revision schedule may help a lot for the coming exam. In this way, you can avoid suffering from the pressure of exams. Besides/In addition, plenty sleep can make you energetic and enable you to perform well/better in the exam. Therefore, during the period of exams, it is not wise/a good idea to stay up too late. If you can not fall asleep before an exam, why not try a warm bath or a cup of warm milk before going to bed, which may help you to have a sound sleep.
I hope you can find your best state and good luck to your coming exams.
Yours.
Li Hua
巩固练习
一、单项选择
1. Some students have trouble _______ grammar while others have difficulty _______ new words.
A. in; remember B. for; to remember C. on; remembering D. with; remembering
2. He is different _________ his brother, but he is similar _________ his father.
A. from, from B. to, to C. from, to D. to, from
3. —I think students should have mobile phones to call their parents.
—_____. They often use them to play games instead.
A. I hope so B. I disagree C. No problem D. Good idea
4. prevent her from attending the meeting, he took away the key to their car .
A. So as to; by mistake B. In order to; on purpose
C. In order to; to her surprise D. So as to; in surprise
5. His absence ____ our great difficulty.
A. added B. added to C. added up D. added up to
6. —Daddy，can you come home for supper with us this weekend?
—_____，but I might be a little late．
A．No way B Hard to say C．Of course D．Never mind
7. is your work ?
A. What; getting B. How, getting on
C. What; getting along D. How; getting along with
8. Though we have serious natural calamities（灾难）, we’re sure to smooth away all difficulties.
A. suffered B. suffered from C. struck with D. met with
9. We sometimes need to _____old memories, bad habits and other past traditions.
A. appreciate B. get rid of C. keep alive D. move from
10. Mr. Smith, who was eight-four years old,______ the Second World War and had a couple of adventures.
A. went on B. went for C. went against D. went through
11. —It isn’t very nice if someone is yelling in public. (2018福建高三质检)
—________. It’s annoying.
A. Sorry, I’m not with you B. I couldn’t agree more
C. I’m afraid not D. I have no idea
12. With the help of __________ people，I can be more successful in volunteer work.
A．serious B．generous C．nervous D．dangerous
二、完形填空
Are you carrying too much on your back at school? Lots of kids(孩子) at the same age as you are.
Not only are students in China __1__ from this problem, but kids in the United States are __2__ fed up with（饱受……之苦） heavy school bags.
Experts are starting to __3__ that more and more young students are having back and neck problems as a result of school bags __4__ too heavy for them.
“It’s hard for me to get up the __5__ with my bag because it’s so heavy,” said Rich Hammond, __6__11-year-old student in the US.
Rick is among the students who have __7__ backpacks（背包）with two straps(带子) to carry them, __8__ a number of other students choose rolling backpacks.
But even with rolling backpacks, __9__ up stairs and buses with them is __10__ a problem for kids. Many of them have hurt their knees, backs or necks because of heavy school bags.
But how much is too __11__? Experts say students should carry __12__ more than 10 to 15 per cent of their own body weight.
Scott Bautch, a Wisconsin __13__doctor, said kids under 4th grade should __14__with 10 per cent. But it’s also important that older kids don’t go __15__ 15 percent, because their bones are still growing.
Bautch explained that there are other injuries caused by backpacks. “Kids are __16__ their balance and falling down with these backpacks,” he said.
Parents and teachers are starting to tell the kids to only take __17__ library books they will be reading that night. Some teachers are using worksheets(作业纸) or __18__ workbooks for students to take home.
One of the best answers is, as some __19__ themselves suggested, to have no homework __20__!
1. A. meeting B. facing C. experiencing D. suffering
2. A. already B. always C. yet D. also
3. A. explain B. say C. worry D. announce
4. A. being B. be C. are D. is
5. A. schools B. stairs C. houses D. homes
6. A. this B. that C. a D. an
7. A. special B. unusual C. ordinary D. regular
8. A. when B. then C. but D. and
9. A. getting B. climbing C. going D. turning
10. A. only B. still C. even D. just
11. A. more B. very C. much D. many
12. A. no B. not C. any D. much
13. A. children B. student C. bag D. baby
14. A. carry B. stay C. take D. bring
15. A. about B. under C. beyond D. before
16. A. keeping B. missing C. losing D. making
17. A. home B. class C. school D. city
18. A. valuable B. thin C. important D. interesting
19. A. reports B. teachers C. parents D. kids
20. A. at all B. after all C. in all D. for all
三、阅读理解
第一节
（一）
Bamboo is one of the nature’s most surprising plants. Many people call this plant a tree, but it is a kind of grass.
Like other kinds of grass, a bamboo plant may be cut very low to the ground, but it will grow back very quickly. A Japanese scientist recorded one bamboo plant that grew almost 1.5 meters in 24 hours! Bamboo grows almost everywhere in the world except Europe. There are more than 1,000 kinds of bamboo that grow around the world on both mountains and plains(平原).
Not all bamboo looks the same. Some bamboo plants are very thin. They may only grow to be a few centimeters wide while others may grow to more than 30 centimeters across. This plant also comes in different colors, from yellow to black to green.
Many Asian countries have been using bamboo for hundreds of years. They often use bamboo for building new buildings. As a matter of fact, the cables(绳索) that hold up the hanging bridge across the Min River in Sichuan are made of bamboo. The bridge has been in use for more than 1,000 years, and is still holding strong.
In Africa, engineers are teaching poor farmers how to find water using bamboo. These African countries need cheap ways to find water because they have no money, and their fields often die from no rain and no water. It seems that bamboo is one of the best things they can use. Bamboo pipes and drills(钻) can help to make the poor thirsty fields to be watered.
1. How is bamboo like grass?
A. It is thin and easy to cut. B. It grows everywhere.
C. It grows quickly after its cut short. D. It is short and green.
2. The sentence “while others may grow to more than 30 centimeters across” means “Some other bamboo plants may grow to be very _______.”
A. short B. strong C. thick D. tall
3. From the text we know ____________.
A. most people call bamboo plant trees
B. a bamboo plant may grow 4.5 meters in three days
C. the bamboo plant changes its colors when it grows
D. a bridge held by bamboo cable was built thousands of years ago
4. Why did the engineers teach the poor farmers in Africa to make use of bamboo?
A. Because it is cheap. B. Because it is colorful.
C. Because it drills fast. D. Because it is used by Asians.
5. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. There are many different kinds of bamboo with different colors.
B. Cables made of bamboo can last for over a thousand years.
C. Bamboo can be used for buildings, bridges and watering projects(工程).
D. Bamboo plants are able to grow well in any part of the world.
（二）
Japanese students work very hard but many are unhappy. They feel heavy pressures(压力) from their parents. Most students are always told by their parents to study harder and better so that they can have a wonderful life in the future. Though this may be a good idea for those very bright students, it can have terrible results for many students who are not gifted (有天赋的) enough. Many of them have tried very hard at school but have failed in the exams and have their parents lose hope. Such students felt that they are hated by everyone else they meet and they don’t want to go to school any longer. They become dropouts.
It is surprising that though most Japanese parents are worried about their children, they do not help them in any way. Many parents feel that they are not able to help their children and that it is the teachers’ work to help their children. To make matters worse, a lot of parents send their children to those schools opening in the evenings and on weekends — they only help the students to pass the exams and never teach them any real sense of the world.
Many Japanese schools usually have rules about everything from the students’ hair to their clothes and things in their school bags. Child psychologists(心理学家) now think that such strict rules are harmful to the feelings of the students. Almost 40% of the students said that no one had taught them how to get on with others, how to tell right from wrong and how to show love and care for others, even for their parents.
1. “Dropouts” are those who _______.
A. make troubles in and out of schools
B. go about or stay home instead of being at school
C. try hard but always fails in the exams
D. lose hope and give up some of their subjects
2. According to the passage, it’s necessary to teach students _______.
A. how to study well
B. how to get on with others
C. to show love and care for others
D. All above
3. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A. The Trouble in Japanese Schools
B. The Problems of Japanese Students
C. Education in Japan
D. The Pressures on the Students in Japan
第二节：七选五（2018 广东华南师范大学附中期中）
Years ago, if a teenager had some problems in his or her life, he or she might write in his or her diary. Now a teenager with the same problems might go onto the Internet and write about them in a blog. In many ways, a diary and a blog are almost the same. So, what makes a blog different from a diary?
______1______ Usually, a teenager treats his or her diary like a book full of secrets. Both diaries and blogs tell what happened to the writer that day.
I have a little sister, and sometimes I go online to read her blog. She writes about things like waking up early for swimming practice and not studying enough for her chemistry exam. ______2______ Then, after I finished writing, I would hide my diary in a secret place because I was worried that my sister might read it!
Because a blog is such a public way of writing, it has both good and bad points. ______3______ If I am angry with a friend during school and write something bad about her in my diary, she will never know. However, if my sister writes something bad about a friend, that friend may read her blog and get angry. ______4______
A blog has good points, of course. ______5______ People choose to write in blogs because they know that their friends will read what they write. If I am feeling sad one day and write in my diary, “Nobody cares about me,” no one will know about it. However, if my sister writes the same words in her blog, her best friends will quickly reply and tell her how much they like her.
If People are careful about what they write, blogs are a very good way to write about everyday life. However, I still prefer my old diary!
A. So we have to be very careful of what we write.
B. When I was her age, I wrote about the same things, but only in my diary.
C. The biggest problem with a blog is that anyone can read what you write.
D. The biggest difference is that a blog is much more public than a diary.
E. Everyone intends to keep his own secret.
F. Blogs help people stay in contact with their friends and hear what the people around them are doing.
G. When we write a diary we usually write down what we have done or how we think of others.
四、语法填空
This is a real story I experienced. A few years 1 leaving my secondary school in Manchester, I was invited to help out with the school’s Christmas Fair. I decided to have a go at being Father Christmas. I had 2 (recent) grown my first full beard and thought that I would enter into the role 3 rubbing flour into my beard. 4 I say it myself, I looked rather splendid and I certainly attracted lots of customers.
I was enjoying 5 greatly, bringing a sense of magic to so many young children, but I was confused by one young boy 6 paid for a second visit and then astonishingly for __7__ third. The presents on sale were really pretty pitiful, so I asked him why he was coming to see me so often. He 8 (answer) simply, “I just love talking to you.”
It was then 9 I realized that, in many households, parents do not encourage their children to talk and really listen to them. This was a lesson that I have taken with me throughout my life. So, at home, at work, I always encourage family, friends, colleagues 10 (talk) about themselves and their feelings — and really listen.
五、短文改错（2018 四川高考）
下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词；
删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：每句不超过两个错误。
Hi, Janice,
It’s been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.
As I tell you last time, I made three new friend here. We hang out together during lunch and after school. We’ve been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars. It’s been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many. And I started to see this as a time-wasting activity! In fact, I don’t like to go anymore, so I’m afraid I’ll lose their friendship. How do you think I should do? If you are me, would you talk to him?
Please help with me and give me some advice.
Grace
六、翻译句子。
1. 感谢你们对我们照顾得如此周到。
_____________________________________________
2. 我盼望着你的来访。
_____________________________________________
3. 我写信是想咨询一下如何能提升我的英语听力技巧（listening skills）。
_____________________________________________
4. 医生认为你休个假会有好处的。
___________________________________________
5. 很抱歉你在交友方面有些麻烦。
___________________________________________
6. 为什么不去和周围的人谈谈呢？
___________________________________________
7. 我今天不太想散步。(feel like)
___________________________________________
8. 我看见Tom和Harry在打篮球，我就去和他们一起玩了。（join）
___________________________________________
9. 最后，但是同等重要的是，随身带着足够的钱。
___________________________________________
10. 你只要遵从他的劝告，就决不会出错。
___________________________________________
七、书面表达
（一）
你的朋友Lucy最近要参加一次工作面试，希望你（Wang Bin）能给一些建议。请给Lucy写一封英文信，并提出合适的建议。
（二）
（2018 江苏启东中学期中）亲爱的同学们，从八月底到现在，高中生活已经两个月了！初中的学习生活（ junior school life）也许还历历在目，但崭新的高中（senior school）生活更值得你有所憧憬、有所作为。请你写一篇短信给你的初中英语老师，信中需表达以下要点：
1、感谢帮助。
2、在高中认识了更多的同学和老师，和大家相处愉快。
3、新环境中出现了一些问题，比如……（至少写两点）
4、希望老师回信给出建议。
5、盼望再次见到老师，祝福老师。
要求：词数100左右；可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear teacher,
How time flies! It’s almost two months since my senior school life began. ______________
__________________________________________________________ ____
Yours,
Li Hua
答案与解析
一、单项选择
1. D. have trouble/ difficulty with sth./ (in) doing sth. 在某方面/做某事方面有困难。
2. C. be different from 与……不同；be similar to 与……类似
3. B. 句意：—我认为中学生应该拥有手机给家长打电话。—我不同意，他们却常常使用手机玩游戏。题干中的instead表示不同意对方观点，因此选B
4. B. 表达“为了”且位于句首时，该用in order to do而非so as to do；on purpose故意地；by mistake由于差错；in surprise吃惊地。
5. B. add to增加，添加。add up 加起来；add up to 总计为，加起来是；add 又说，加。
6. C. No way 没门，绝不；Hard to say 很难说；Of course 当然；Never mind 别介意。由后句“但是也许晚一点儿”可知，答语应为肯定回答，所以选C。
7. B. How is your work getting on? =How are you getting on/along with your work? 你的工作进展得怎么样?
8. B. suffer from受……之苦。suffer sth 经受，使遭受，后面多接loss 损失，pain疼痛，punishment惩罚， defeat失败等。strike with 为……而触动；meet with 偶然遇到。
9. B. 句意：我们有时需要去除陈旧的记忆、坏习惯和其它惯例。因为是陈旧的记忆、坏习惯等等，所以要去除，选B。appreciate 感谢，欣赏；keep alive 保持活泼/活着；move from 从……移动。
10. D. 句意为“八十四岁的史密斯先生经历了第二次世界大战，有两次冒险经历。”，只有D项go through 有“经历”的含义。go on 继续；go for 非常喜欢；go against 违背。
11. B。根据句意，“公共场合大吵大闹是不好的。”“我非常同意，那令人厌烦。”选B。I couldn’t agree more. 表示“我非常同意”。I have no idea. 我不知道。
12. B。句意：在慷慨的人们的帮助下，我的志愿者工作会更成功的。serious 严肃的；generous 慷慨的；nervous 紧张不安的；dangerous 危险的。
二、完形填空
内容概要：本文论述了沉重的书包对孩子身体所带来的危害，并发出了呼吁——取消家庭作业。
1. D. 由后面的also fed up with（也饱受……之苦）选定。
2. D. not only…but also系习惯搭配。
3. C. 学生负担重，是一个人人皆知的现象，无需专家指出，故排除A、B、D三个选项。
4. A. of后是一个介词短语，故选非谓语动词being。
5. B. 由副词up可排除另三个选项。
6. D. 此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，又由于eleven以元音开头，所以选择an。
7. D. 这里的regular等于usual，意为“正常的、通常的”，背着书包上学，确实应视为“正常”现象。
8. C. 使用带滚轮的书包是有悖于背书包上学这一正常现象的，前后意义在此形成转折。
9. A. 上文已呈现过这一说法，此外，另三个选项不能与bus搭配。
10. B. 根据even选定。
11. C. 由主语中的much推定。
12. A. no more than意为“仅仅”。not more than意为“不超过”，须后接一个固定值，10 to 15表示的是一个区间，数值并不固定，故舍去D。
13. D. 通过排除法选定。儿科医生用baby doctor，所以A是不能选用的。
14. B. stay表示“坚持，承受”。另三词后面不能用with。
15. C. beyond意为“超出”。前面已交待过学生背负的重量应在自身体重量的10%至15%之间，即不能“超出”15%。
16. C. 背着背包跌倒的原因就是身体“失去”平衡。
17. A. 第18空后再现了take home这一说法，此外，另三个词是名词，不能作状语，所以应舍去。
18. B. 这里讨论的是作业的量，而不是质，故选thin。
19. D. 全文谈的是学生学习负担沉重的事，因此，由themselves我们首先联想到的是kids。
20. A. 根据全文意义和与否定词经常连用的特点选定at all。
三、阅读理解
第一节
（一）这是一篇关于竹子的说明文。讲述了竹子的生长处、种类、颜色、用途等。
1. C. 由第2段的第1句我们可以推测出竹子与其他草类相似的地方是grow back very quickly。
2. C. 阅读第3段的第2句They may only grow to be a few centimeters wide while others may grow to more than 30 centimeters across可推知：while(表对比，意为“而”)前面讲有些竹子(bamboo)很细，只有(only)几厘米粗，而与相比，while 后面则讲有些竹子长得很壮，可以有30厘米粗。因此答案选C。
3. B. 由第2个题目我们可知竹子一天能长1.5米，那么三天就能长4.5米。
4. A. 根据第5段第2句Because?they?have?no?money可知要选用便宜的bamboo。
5. D. 第2段的倒数第2句中说except?Europe，由此可知答案为D。
（二）这是一篇关于日本学生所受到的沉重的压力的文章。家长的过高期望、日本学校严格的制度都使得一些学生丧失了上学的兴趣，甚至不懂得如何和他人相处。
1. B. 词义猜测题。根据 Such students felt that they are hated by everyone else they meet and they don’t want to go to school any longer(这样的学生觉得他们被所有认识的人讨厌，他们不想再去学校)可推知答案为 B。
2. D. 细节题。由第2段的最后一句我们知道：They only help the students to pass the exam，所以 … teach students how to study well 是必要的，而第3段最后一句也说 no one taught them how to get on with others，即A、B、C皆是正确的，故选 D。
3. D. 主旨题。这是文章主旨题。由全文看来，每一段都脱离不了“学生所受到的压力”这个中心，所以“日本学生的压力”是最适合的标题。
第二节
1．D根据上文“So, what makes a blog different from a diary?”可知下文介绍两者的不同。故选D。
2．B根据下文“Then, after I finished writing”可知此处表示作者也会写这些，故选 B。
3．C根据上文“Because a blog is such a public way of writing, it has both good and bad points.”及下句，可知此处介绍博客所存在的问题，故选C。
4．A根据上文“However, if my sister writes something bad about a friend, that friend may read her blog and get angry.”可知此处表示对写的东西要注意。故选A。
5．F根据上文中“has good points”可知此处介绍博客的好处，故选F。
四、语法填空
1. after。根据后文内容可知，作者是在中学毕业一些年后被邀请到母校帮忙的，故此处填介词after。
2. recently。根据句子结构可知，此处填副词recently修饰had grown。
3. by。根据空格后的rubbing可知，此处填by，by doing…意为“通过做……方式”。
4. Although/Though。根据句意可知，此处填连词Although/Though。句意：尽管这是我自己说的，我当时确实看起来相当棒，我确实吸引了很多顾客。
5. myself。enjoy oneself为固定搭配，意为“过得快乐”。因为主语是I，所以此处填myself。
6. who。根据句子结构可知，此处填who引导定语从句，who在从句中作主语。
7. a。根据前文a second visit的提示可知，此处应填a。a＋序数词表示“又一次，再一次”。
8. answered。本篇文章主要讲述过去的故事，故此处用一般过去时。
9. that。此处是强调句型。被强调部分是then，故填that。
10. to talk。此处是encourage sb. to do sth.的固定表达，故填to talk。
五、短文改错
Hi, Janice,
It’s been a month since I came to this new school and I really want ∧ share with you some
to (1)
of the problems I have been experiencing.
As I tell you last time, I made three new friend here. We hang out together during lunch and
told (2) friends (3)
after school. We’ve been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars. It’s been three Saturdays now singing (4)
and it really costs me many. And I started to see this as a time-wasting activity! In fact, I don’t like much (5)
to go anymore, so I’m afraid I’ll lose their friendship. How do you think I should do? If you but (6) What (7)
are me, would you talk to him? were (8) them (9)
Please help with (10) me and give me some advice.
解析：
1. want to do想要做某事。want后用动词不定式作宾语。
2. 根据last time 上一次，tell的时态应该是一般过去时。
3. make friends with sb.表示“和……交朋友”，短语中“friend”应该用复数形式。
4. 句型“spend … (in) doing sth. （花时间/金钱做某事）”中，常省略介词in，spend后所接动词常用动词-ing形式。
5. 根据句意“花费了我很多的钱”，而钱是不可数名词，要用much代替。
6. 根据前后句子的逻辑关系来看，两个分句是转折关系：我再也不想去了______我又怕失去这段友谊。所以把so改为but。
7. 句子中的do缺少宾语，所以应用特殊疑问词what，表示“你认为我应该做什么？”。
8. 根据句意：“假如你是我”，是与现在事实的相反的假设，要用虚拟语气，从句中are应该用were。
9. 因为前文交代了交了三个朋友，所以应该是与“他们”交谈而非“他”，注意用宾格。
10. help是及物动词，后面可以直接跟人作宾语，即help sb. (with sth.)，表示“（在某方面）帮助某人”。
六、翻译句子。
1. Thank you for looking after us so well.
2. I’m looking forward to your visit/ visiting us.
3. I’m writing to ask for some advice on how to improve my listening skills in English.
4. The doctor thought (that) it would be good for you to have a holiday.
5. I’m sorry you have trouble in making friends.
6. Why not go and talk to people around you?
7. I don’t feel like walking very much today.
8. I saw Tom and Harry playing basketball, and went to join them (in the game).
9. Last but not least, bring enough money with you.
10. You’ll never go wrong if you follow his advice．
七、书面表达
（一）
Dear Lucy,
You asked me for some advice on how to prepare for a successful interview and I will try to offer some useful suggestions.
First of all, find out the information as much as you can about the company before you go to the interview. Secondly, practice your answers to common questions and make a list of questions to ask, too. It will make you feel more confident and relaxed. Thirdly, try to make the best impression: dress appropriately, show your strengths, arrive early, be enthusiastic, shake hands firmly, be an active listener, sit up straight and maintain eye contact. Finally, do not forget to say “thank you” after the interview.
I hope you will find these suggestions helpful. Good Luck!
Sincerely yours,
Wang Bin
（二）
Dear teacher,
How time flies! It’s almost half a year since my senior school life began.
First, I want to say “Thank you very much” from the bottom of my heart, because you helped me greatly with my study so that I could make great progress.
Now I also feel lucky to know more excellent classmates and teachers. We make friends, and help each other greatly. However in the new environment, some problems come along with my study and daily life.( for example, I am no longer the most excellent student.……)So I hope you can answer my letter and give me some advice.
I’m looking forward to seeing you again.. I wish you happy and healthy all the time.
Yours,
Li Hua