Module 2 Traffic Jam Grammar课件（21张PPT）

课件21张PPT。Grammar Imperatives祈使句 Stand up , please.
Sit down, please.
Put up your hands.
Put down.
Be quiet, please.1.祈使句的定义Stand up!
Work hard and make progress every day. 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止、叮嘱、祝愿或建议等的句子叫做祈使句。 Look at the following sentences:
Go and wash your hands. （去洗手。——命令）
Be quiet, please.（请安静。——请求）
Be kind to our sister. （对姊妹要和善。——劝告）
Look out！Danger！（小心！危险！—警告）
Keep off the grass. （勿践草坪。——禁止） Can you tell me what are imperatives?定义:No smoking!Don’t drink!Attention！Parking!A Guessing Game What do they mean? Don’t go faster than 90 kph.Turn right.Don’t walk. / No pedestrians.Don’t turn left. / No left turn.Don’t stop. / No parkingThey give instructions 1.Don’t smoke. ( No smoking.)
2.parking.
3.Don't drink!
4.Attention.
5.Turn right..
6.Don’t go faster than 90 kph.
7.Don’t turn left. / No left turn.
8.Don’t park your car.
9.Don’t walk. / No pedestrians.
2. Conclusion Do 型 （以行为动词开头）
Stand up!
Don’t stand up! / Never stand up!
Be 型 （以be动词开头）
Be careful.
Don’t be late./ Never be late.
Let型 （以let开头）
Let him in.
Let me help you. ◆ 肯定结构:◆ 否定结构:
① Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加Don’t构成。如:不要忘记我!
Don’t forget me! /Don’t be late!
② Let型的否定式有两种:“Don’t + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。如:别让他走。
Don’t let him go. / Let him not go.
③ 有些可用no开头, 用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:禁止吸烟！禁止钓鱼！
No smoking!
No fishing! 祈使句用法口诀：?祈使句，无主语，只要动词就可以；
?表示请求或命令，加上please表客气；
?如果变成否定句，Don’t开头是旋律；
?NO talking ！是警示，祈使用法要牢记！1. Observation What’re the features of imperative?Listen to me carefully.
Come in and sit down, please.
Don’t close the window – it’s hot.
Be quiet! Be a good boy!
Let’s try our best to improve our environment.ListenComesitDon’tBeLet’sBe用祈使句完成下列句子。 1. _____ on the pavement （人行道）.
2. _____ in the bicycle lanes.
3. ______ at red traffic lights.
4. ______ the rules of the road. Go Ride Stop Keep go, keep, look, ride, stop, stay, watch out 5. _________ for pedestrians （行人）.
6. ______ behind you before you turn right or left.
7. __________ in the middle of the road. Look Watch out Don’t stay go, keep, look, ride, stop, stay, watch out3.祈使句中应注意的几个问题 Do be patient!
Do sit down.
Do write back when you receive his letter.
Tom, you clean the room.
Don’t you be late again next time!What is different now?1.加强祈使句语气的方式:
Do / you+动词原形 此句型为“条件与结果”并存的句式，其中的祈使句可转化为if条件句。
e.g. Work hard and you will succeed.
= If you work hard, you will succeed.
Hurry up, or you will miss the last bus.
= If you don’t hurry up, you will miss
the last bus.2.祈使句(,) +and / or+ 简单句
是一种固定句式。这一句式也可以演变为“名词性短语+and+简单句”的形式。More time, and I could have done it better.
如果多给我一些时间，我可以做得更好。3.祈使句的附加疑问句Open the door, ___________________?
Don’t forget, _________________?
Let us go there, ______________?
Let’s go there at once, __________?will you?/（won’t you）will youshall wewill youOpenDon’tLet’sLet usWhat should motorists do?Read these dos for motorists stuck in a traffic jam. Tick the ones you agree with. State the reasons.
DOS
Switch off the motor.
Turn on the car radio
Speak to your passengers.
Follow the rules of the road.
Keep cool.What shouldn’t motorists do?Read these don’ts for motorists stuck in a traffic jam. Tick the ones you agree with. State the reasons.
DON’TS
Leave the motor on.
Blow your horn.
React when others drive badly.
Break the rules of the road.
Get angry. That’s all, and see you
next time!