单元主题写作六
本单元的主要话题是谈论交通方式以及交通工具的发明。
常用表达
词汇：hometown; seldom; rapid; wheel; railway; station; standard; speed; pull; space; invention; on foot; steam engine; be born; get on/off; be able to; stay up late; put on; turn on; all the time; think of; jump down
句型： 1.What's your favourite type of transportation?
2．I seldom take…
3．How fast it is!
4．You'd better not…
5．It takes…hours to fly from…to…
典型例题
交通工具的多样化给人们的出行带来了很大便利。不同的人选择不同的交通方式出行。你和你们学校的学生是怎样去上学的？请以“How do students go to school？”为题写一篇不少于60词的小短文。
思路点拨
本文是一篇描写学生选择何种交通方式上学的习作，紧扣本单元的话题。此类作文我们可以从以下几个方面进行描述：
1．同学们经常采用的交通方式。(In our school, students go to school in different ways…)
2．每种交通方式的优缺点。(Walking to school is good for our health…)
3.建议同学们多采用对健康有益又环保的交通方式。(To protect our environment, we should walk or ride to school as much as possible.)
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连句成篇
How do students go to school?
In our school, students go to school in different ways. Most students get to school by bike. Many students walk to school, because it's good for their health. Some students take a bus. Other students go to school by subway. And a few students get to school by taxi. My home is not far from school, so my father bought a bicycle for me. I ride my bike to school every day. It makes me strong and healthy. To protect our environment, we should walk or ride to school as much as possible.
假如昨天你校的发明节隆重开幕了，在今天的英语口语课上，老师要求同学们围绕“你所知道的发明创造”这一话题进行简短发言。请你根据下表内容提示为此次发言做准备。
要求：1.发言稿需包括表格内容，可适当发挥；
2．80词左右，发言稿的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
What
Who
When
The telephone
Alexander Bell
In 1876
The car
Carl Benz
In 1885
The TV
John Baird
In around 1927
Hello, everyone! There are many inventions that have changed the world. Here's a short introduction of some useful inventions.________________________________________________________________________
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That's all. Thanks!
详解详析
One possible version：
Hello, everyone! There are many inventions that have changed the world. Here's a short introduction of some useful inventions. Alexander Bell invented the telephone in 1876. With a telephone, people can talk to each other no matter how far they're from each other. The car appeared in 1885. Carl Benz invented it. The car takes people from one place to another quickly. So it helps people save time. John Baird invented the TV in around 1927. It helps people to know what is happening all over the world. People can not only learn a lot but also relax through watching it. Nowadays, we still benefit from these inventions.
That's all. Thanks!
动词不定式
动词不定式是中考常考内容之一， 学生需掌握一些含有动词不定式的固定搭配。
用法点睛
1．概念：动词不定式虽然不能单独作谓语， 但它有动词的特点， 可以有自己的宾语和状语， 但没有人称和数的变化。
2．构成： 肯定形式为“to＋动词原形”，有时to可以省略；否定形式为“not (to)＋动词原形”。
后接省略to的不定式作宾语补足语的常见动词搭配： let/make sb./sth. do, had better do, see/hear/find/watch sb. do等。
3．动词不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
经典例题
1．I'd like you________ for a picnic with us.
A．go B．to go
C．going D．went
[解析] B 此题考查不定式作宾语补足语的用法。would like sb. to do sth. 意为“想要某人做某事”， 故选B。
2．James, I'm too tired. Let's stop________ a rest.
A．having B．have
C．to having D．to have
[解析] D 此题考查不定式作目的状语的用法。stop to do sth. 意为“停下来去做某事”。句意： 詹姆斯， 我太累了。 让我们停下来休息一下吧。
3．Whenever you have a chance________ English, you should take it.
A．speak B．to speak
C．spoke D．speaks
[解析] B 此题考查不定式作定语的用法。 句中“to speak English”意为“说英语”， 修饰前面的名词chance。
( )1.2017·南充—Mario, your mobile phone is ringing.
—Wait a minute. It's dangerous for us ________ it while crossing the street.
A．answering B．to answer
C．answer D．answered
( )2.2017·天水Sleeping is a popular way ________ among students.
A．relax B．relaxed
C．relaxing D．to relax
( )3.2017·扬州Mum does all the housework so that Sarah can take the time ________ her words on paper.
A．put B．putting
C．to put D．puts
( )4.2017·天津We only planned ________ the play for an hour, but in the end, we stayed for three hours.
A．watch B．watches
C．to watch D．watched
( )5.2017·青岛As a volunteer, the girl wants to visit sick kids in the hospital ________ them up.
A．to cheer B．cheer
C．cheering D．cheered
( )6.2016·成都改编—I'll have a ten-day holiday. But I don't know________．
—How about Paris?
A．what to do B．where to go
C．when to go D．how to go
( )7.2016·重庆Taiji is my favourite and I often play it________ healthy.
A．to keep B．keeps
C．keeping D．kept
( )8.2016·南充My parents don't allow me________ late.
A．stay up B．to stay up
C．stays up D．staying up
( )9.2016·绥化改编It's our duty________our hometown clean and beautiful. We must do something for it.
A．keeping B．keeps
C．to keep D．keep
( )10.2016· 宁夏He is not old enough ________ to school.
A．gone B．going
C．went D．to go
详解详析
1．B 句意：“马里奥，你的手机响了。”“稍等，过街接电话对我们来说是危险的。”“It is＋形容词＋for sb. to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说……”。故选B。
2．D 句意：在学生中，睡觉是一个流行的放松方式。此处是动词不定式作后置定语。故选D。
3．C 考查非谓语动词的用法。take the time to do sth.意为“花时间做某事”，为固定搭配。故选C。
4．C 句意：我们仅计划观看—个小时的戏剧，但最后，我们待了三个小时。表示“计划做某事”应用plan to do sth.。故选C。
5．A 句意：作为一名志愿者，(这个)女孩儿想去看望医院里生病的孩子来让他们开心。此处为不定式作目的状语。故选A。
6．B
7．A 考查动词不定式作目的状语。
8．B allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”。
9．C
10．D “adj.＋enough to do sth.”意为“足够……做某事”。
阶段能力训练(Lessons 31－33)
Ⅰ.完形填空
More and more people like bicycling and it is no surprise. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Maybe that's why there are 1.4 __1__ bicycles and only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today. Bikes can take you almost__2__ and there is no oil cost!
Get on a bicycle and ride around your neighbourhood. You may discover__3__ all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and__4__ your car. You can bike to work and benefit(受益) from the enjoyable exercise without polluting(污染) the environment. You don't__5__have to ride all the way.
Folding(折叠) bikes work well for people who ride the train. Just fold the bike and take it__6__ you. You can do the same on an airplane. A folding bike can be packed in a suitcase. You can also take a common bike with you when you fly. But be sure to__7__ information on airline websites.Not all airlines are bicycle-friendly to travellers.
Health Benefits of Bicycling：
?It helps to__8__ heart disease.
?Bicycling helps to control your weight.
?A__9__bike ride to and from work three times a week burns off five kilos of fat in a year.
?Bicycling can improve your mood. Exercise like bicycling has been shown to make people__10__ better, more relaxed and self-confident.
?Bicycling is healthier than driving.
( )1.A.billions B．billion
C．billions of D．billion of
( )2.A.anywhere B．nowhere
C．somewhere D．wherever
( )3.A.new anything B．anything new
C．something new D．new something
( )4.A.getting out of B．getting on
C．getting into D．getting off
( )5.A.sometimes B．even
C．almost D．nearly
( )6.A.with B．without
C．at D．from
( )7.A.looking at B．look at
C．looking up D．look up
( )8.A.read B．prevent
C．make D．get
( )9.A.15-minute B．15 minutes
C．15-minutes' D．15 minute's
( )10.A.felt B．feel
C．feeling D．to feel
Ⅱ.任务型阅读
How do you get to school every day? By bike, by bus or by car? In Chongqing there will be 3，000 new school buses on the street by the end of this year. These school buses look just like American school buses: yellow with a big nose.
In February, 2010, the Chinese government announced(宣布) the first standards(标准) for school bus safety. Since then, more yellow school buses can be seen on the street.
In China, besides the bus driver, there should be an adult on the school bus to watch the students. If there are more than 40 students, two adults are needed. The students usually rest or read books on the school bus.
In America, yellow school buses are very popular. There are about 480，000 school buses in the country. The older kids sit in the back of the bus. The younger kids sit in the front. They usually listen to music, talk on their phones or just sleep. The only adult on the bus is the driver.
The school bus is important in students' everyday lives. It can keep children safe. Usually a child is much safer going to school by school bus than any other way. It can also help the environment. A school bus saves a lot of gas(汽油) because it can carry a lot of students.
根据短文内容，回答下列各题。
1．What colour are the new school buses in Chongqing?
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2．When did the Chinese government announce the first standards for school bus safety?
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3．How many adults are needed on a Chinese school bus if 45 kids are on it besides the driver?
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4．What do American kids usually do on their school buses?
________________________________________________________________________
5．Why is the school bus important in students' everyday lives?
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详解详析
Ⅰ.1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D
8. B 9. A 10. B
Ⅱ.1.Yellow./They are yellow.
2．In February, 2010.
3．Two./2 adults./Two adults are needed.
4．They usually listen to music, talk on their phones or just sleep.
5．Because it can keep children safe and also help the environment.
阶段能力训练(Lessons 34－36)
Ⅰ.完形填空
Cars are very popular in America. When the kids are fourteen years old, they dream of having their own__1__. Many students work after school to__2__ a car. In most places__3__ people learn to drive in high school. They have to take a__4__ test to get a license. Learning to drive and getting a driver's license may be one of the most__5__ things in their lives. For many people, that piece of paper is an important symbol(象征) that they are now grown-ups.
Americans seem to love their cars almost __6__ than anything else. They will take their cars to a “hospital” at the smallest sign of a problem. At weekends, people__7__ most of the time washing and waxing(给……打蜡) their cars. For some families it is not enough to have__8__ car. They often have two or even three. Husbands need a car to__9__. Housewives need a car to go shopping or to take the children to school or__10__ activities.
( )1.A.cars B．computers
C．bikes D．houses
( )2.A.borrow B．buy
C．lend D．sell
( )3.A.old B．tall
C．strong D．young
( )4.A.language B．listening
C．driving D．body
( )5.A.amazing B．amazed
C．exciting D．excited
( )6.A.more B．much
C．less D．few
( )7.A.cost B．take
C．spend D．pay
( )8.A.no B．one C．some D．else
( )9.A.go to school B．go to work
C．go to travel D．go to shop
( )10.A.other B．another
C．others D．the other
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Before roads needed traffic lights, railways had used signals(信号) to control train traffic.In early days，these signals included a ball and something that looked like a kite.When the kite was on top, it meant danger; when the ball was raised, it was safe.
In 1841, a developed railway signal was used at the London station.It included a signal arm in the horizontal(水平的) position which meant “stop”．The signal was painted red so that it was easy to see and could attract the drivers' attention.
At night, oil lights were added on the top.A red light meant “stop” and a white light meant the drivers could go on.
In January, 1876, a train knocked on another train running ahead on the same roads, because the signals were not clear enough.13 people were killed in the accident and the others were badly hurt.
Then people changed the signal.The signal for “stop” became a red light and a yellow light was added to tell the drivers to drive carefully. In 1893, a green light took the place of the white light, because the white light was often mistaken for a street or house light.
Since railway signals were introduced, city officials(官员) decided to try them out on the roads of London.
( )1.In early days, what did people use to control train traffic?
A．A ball.
B．Something that looked like a kite.
C．Lights.
D．A and B.
( )2.What did a white light mean in 1841?
A．The drivers must stop.
B．The drivers could go on.
C．It could attract the drivers' attention.
D．It was dangerous.
( )3.What happened in 1876?
A．31 people were killed in an accident.
B．Few people were hurt in an accident.
C．A train knocked on another train.
D．City officials decided to try three colours of lights out on the roads.
( )4.The passage mainly tells us________．
A．the development of railway signals
B．the signals used to control train traffic
C．how train accidents happened
D．the different colours of traffic lights
( )5.The best title for this passage is “________”．
A．Colourful Traffic Lights
B．The Problems of Traffic Signals
C．Road Signals
D．Railway Signals
详解详析
Ⅰ.1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C 5.C 6.A
7．C spend some time doing sth.为固定用法，意为“花费时间做某事”。故选C。
8．B 9.B 10.A
Ⅱ.1.D 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.D
