Module 4 Great Scientists Grammar被动语态复习课件（29张PPT）
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| 名称 | Module 4 Great Scientists Grammar被动语态复习课件（29张PPT） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2019-08-19 22:19:30 | ||
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课件29张PPT。Module 4 Great Scientists
Grammar
被动语态(复习)【语法精点】
Ⅰ. 被动语态
一、基础点拨
1.被动语态的概念。
语态是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
2.被动语态的构成。
被动语态由“be+动词的过去分词”构成，动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样。 各种时态的被动语态的谓语动词形式如下： 1 *A lot of books are kept in our school library.
我们学校图书馆有许多藏书。
2*They were asked to speak at the meeting.
他们被邀请在会议上讲话。
3*The class meeting will be held next Saturday afternoon.
班会将会在下周六下午召开。
4*They said the work would be finished the next day.
他们说这项工作第二天就能完成。
5*A new library is being put up in their school now.
他们学校正在建新图书馆。 6 *The equipment was being examined at this time yesterday.
昨天这个时间正在检查设备。
7*Many stamps have been collected by me since last year.
从去年开始我收集了许多邮票。
8 *She said this airport had never been used.
她说这个机场没有使用过。
9 *The project will have been completed before July.
七月份之前就会完成这项工程。
10 *He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon.
他告诉我他的新衣服将很快做好。【探究寻规】
用所给动词或短语的适当时态和语态完成句子。
1. Rice ________(grow) in many Asian and some European
countries.
2. Yuan Longping ______________(bring up) in China.
3. The new hybrid rice _________________(develop) by the
Yuan Longping High-tech Agricultural Company of China. is grownwas brought uphas been developed 3. 被动语态的特殊结构形式。
(1) 带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。
*The question needn’t be discussed.
这个问题不必讨论。
*The classroom must be cleaned at once.
这个教室必须立即打扫。 (2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，主动结构中的间接宾语变为主语时，直接宾语仍然保留在谓语后面；直接宾语变为主语时，间接宾语前通常加上介词for/to。
*He was asked a number of questions at the press conference.
在记者招待会上人们问了他很多问题。
*A new MP4 was given to him as a birthday present/gift.
他收到了一个新MP4作为生日礼物。 二、难点突破
在下列情况中，谓语形式是主动的，但具有被动的含义。
(1)“系动词look, sound, feel, taste, smell, prove, appear+形容词”构成的系表结构，主动形式表示被动意义。
*The food tastes delicious.
这种食物尝起来很可口。
*The idea sounds good.
这个主意听起来不错。 (3)动词want, need, require, deserve后接动名词的主动形式表示被动意思，这时动名词和句中的主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
*The room needs cleaning.
= The room needs to be cleaned.
这间房屋需要打扫。
(4)be worth doing sth. 动名词和句中的主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
*The film is well worth seeing.
这部电影很值得一看。【高考体验】
掌握被动语态的答题技巧:
1. 判断主语与谓语之间的逻辑关系。
2. 注意动词是及物的，还是不及物的。
3. 要熟记没有被动语态形式的常见的动词。1. (2013·福建高考)The famous musician, as well as his students, ______to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.
A. were invited B. was invited
C. have been invited D. has been invited
解题关键： 确定真正的主语为The famous musician，且与invite之间是被动关系。思路分析：选B。考查主谓一致。句意：这位著名的音乐家及其学生受邀在2012年台北花博会开幕式上表演。as well as连接两个并列的名词作主语，谓语动词应和前面的名词一致，故排除A、C两项。本题只是陈述在过去的时间发生的事，故用一般过去时，由于the famous musician和invite之间是被动关系，故选B。
易错误区：学生易误选选项A。as well as, with, along with, together with等连接的两个名词短语作主语，谓语动词应和前面的名词一致，故排除A项。2. (2013·辽宁高考)We are confident that the environment ______ by our further efforts to reduce pollution.
A. had been improved
B. will be improved
C. is improved
D. was improved
解题关键： 根据句意确定应该选用一般将来时，而且environment与improve之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。
思路分析：选B。考查时态和语态。句意：通过在减少污染方面的进一步努力，我们相信环境将会有所改善。根据句意此处应用一般将来时且为被动语态，故选B。3. (2012·四川高考)They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house______.
A. is being rebuilt B. has been rebuilt
C. is rebuilt D. has rebuilt
思路分析：选A。考查动词时态和语态。句意：他们现在和他们的父母住在一起，因为他们自己的房子正在重建。根据句意可知，此处强调现在正在发生的动作，故应用现在进行时，且房子与重建之间为动宾关系，所以应用现在进行时的被动式。4. (2012·安徽高考)After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only to be told that it______ .
A. was decorated
B. had decorated
C. had been decorating
D. was being decorated思路分析：选D。考查动词时态和语态。句意：放学后我们去阅览室读书，结果被告知阅览室正在装修。由句子的谓语动词went可知，动作发生在过去，而装修正在进行，故需要使用过去进行时；it指代the reading-room，与动词decorate是动宾关系，故需要使用被动语态，所以应该使用过去进行时的被动语态，故选D项。 Ⅰ. 句型转换
把下列句子改为被动结构。
1. Can they fulfill the plan in time?
→____ the plan __________in time?
2. They often made fun of her in school.
→She was often ___________in school.
3. We are going to develop the city into an industrial centre.
→The city _____________________into an industrial centre. Canbe fulfilledmade fun ofis going to be developed4. The boss made them work fourteen hours a day.
→They _________________fourteen hours a day.
5. We elected him our monitor.
→He __________our monitor by us. were made to workwas electedⅡ. 单项填空
1. I hope her health ______greatly by the time we come back next year.
A. improves B. improved
C. will be improved D. will have improved
【解析】选D。考查时态和语态。句意：我希望等我们明年回来的时候，她的健康状况已经好转。根据时间状语by the time we come back next year可知主句谓语应该用将来完成时。improve表示“好转”时，为不及物动词。2. A new cinema ______ here. They hope to finish it next month.
A. will be built B. is built
C. has been built D. is being built
【解析】选D。考查时态和语态。句意：这里正在修建一家新的电影院，他们希望下个月竣工。主语cinema与谓语build之间是被动关系；根据finish it next month“下个月竣工”可知电影院正在建造中，故应该选现在进行时的被动语态形式。3. The way the guests ______ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.
A. treated B. were treated
C. would treat D. would be treated
【解析】选B。考查时态和语态。由句意可知treat的动作与influenced的动作具有同时性，故用一般过去时。客人是“被对待”，故用被动语态。4. His sister left home in 1998,and ______ ever since.
A. had not been heard of B. has not been heard of
C. had not heard of D. has not heard of
【解析】选B。考查动词的时态和语态。句意：他妹妹于1998年离开了家，之后再也没有听到她的消息。根据时间状语ever since可知，应该使用现在完成时；句子的主语His sister与谓语hear of之间是动宾关系，故应该使用被动语态，故选择B项。5. The woman told the workers that her house ______ .
A. required to paint B. required painting
C. requires paint D. requires being painted
【解析】选B。考查动词require后动词的形式。句意：那位女士告诉工人们她的房子需要粉刷。require意为“需要，要求”，其后应该使用v. -ing形式表示被动含义或to be done结构，故选择B项。6. —What’s that noise?
—Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine ______.
A. was tested B. will be tested
C. is being tested D. has been tested
【解析】选C。考查时态和语态。根据一对一的问答可知，“机器正在被检测”，故选C。7. Every possible means______ to prevent the pollution, but the sky is still gray.
A. is used B. are used
C. has been used D. have been used
【解析】选C。考查被动语态和主谓一致。means是单复数同形的名词，此处被every修饰，应该按单数对待。根据后句天空依旧是灰白的，用的是一般现在时，所以前句应是“已经用了每一种可能的方法”，故选用现在完成时。8. Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future ______ to the well-educated.
A. belongs B. is belonged
C. is belonging D. will be belonged
【解析】选A。考查belong的用法及被动语态。句意：威廉姆斯教授一直告诫他的学生们说未来是属于受过良好教育的人。belong to属于，此词组在使用时要注意，不能用进行时态，也不能用被动语态。故排除B、C、D项。9. Miss Johnson is an able writer，whose first novel ______ when she was still at college.
A. is published B. was published
C. has been published D. had published
【解析】选B。考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：约翰逊小姐是一位很有才能的作家，她在上大学时就出版了第一部小说。根据句中的时间状语when she was still at college可知用一般过去时，novel应是被出版，故用被动语态。
Grammar
被动语态(复习)【语法精点】
Ⅰ. 被动语态
一、基础点拨
1.被动语态的概念。
语态是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
2.被动语态的构成。
被动语态由“be+动词的过去分词”构成，动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样。 各种时态的被动语态的谓语动词形式如下： 1 *A lot of books are kept in our school library.
我们学校图书馆有许多藏书。
2*They were asked to speak at the meeting.
他们被邀请在会议上讲话。
3*The class meeting will be held next Saturday afternoon.
班会将会在下周六下午召开。
4*They said the work would be finished the next day.
他们说这项工作第二天就能完成。
5*A new library is being put up in their school now.
他们学校正在建新图书馆。 6 *The equipment was being examined at this time yesterday.
昨天这个时间正在检查设备。
7*Many stamps have been collected by me since last year.
从去年开始我收集了许多邮票。
8 *She said this airport had never been used.
她说这个机场没有使用过。
9 *The project will have been completed before July.
七月份之前就会完成这项工程。
10 *He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon.
他告诉我他的新衣服将很快做好。【探究寻规】
用所给动词或短语的适当时态和语态完成句子。
1. Rice ________(grow) in many Asian and some European
countries.
2. Yuan Longping ______________(bring up) in China.
3. The new hybrid rice _________________(develop) by the
Yuan Longping High-tech Agricultural Company of China. is grownwas brought uphas been developed 3. 被动语态的特殊结构形式。
(1) 带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。
*The question needn’t be discussed.
这个问题不必讨论。
*The classroom must be cleaned at once.
这个教室必须立即打扫。 (2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，主动结构中的间接宾语变为主语时，直接宾语仍然保留在谓语后面；直接宾语变为主语时，间接宾语前通常加上介词for/to。
*He was asked a number of questions at the press conference.
在记者招待会上人们问了他很多问题。
*A new MP4 was given to him as a birthday present/gift.
他收到了一个新MP4作为生日礼物。 二、难点突破
在下列情况中，谓语形式是主动的，但具有被动的含义。
(1)“系动词look, sound, feel, taste, smell, prove, appear+形容词”构成的系表结构，主动形式表示被动意义。
*The food tastes delicious.
这种食物尝起来很可口。
*The idea sounds good.
这个主意听起来不错。 (3)动词want, need, require, deserve后接动名词的主动形式表示被动意思，这时动名词和句中的主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
*The room needs cleaning.
= The room needs to be cleaned.
这间房屋需要打扫。
(4)be worth doing sth. 动名词和句中的主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
*The film is well worth seeing.
这部电影很值得一看。【高考体验】
掌握被动语态的答题技巧:
1. 判断主语与谓语之间的逻辑关系。
2. 注意动词是及物的，还是不及物的。
3. 要熟记没有被动语态形式的常见的动词。1. (2013·福建高考)The famous musician, as well as his students, ______to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.
A. were invited B. was invited
C. have been invited D. has been invited
解题关键： 确定真正的主语为The famous musician，且与invite之间是被动关系。思路分析：选B。考查主谓一致。句意：这位著名的音乐家及其学生受邀在2012年台北花博会开幕式上表演。as well as连接两个并列的名词作主语，谓语动词应和前面的名词一致，故排除A、C两项。本题只是陈述在过去的时间发生的事，故用一般过去时，由于the famous musician和invite之间是被动关系，故选B。
易错误区：学生易误选选项A。as well as, with, along with, together with等连接的两个名词短语作主语，谓语动词应和前面的名词一致，故排除A项。2. (2013·辽宁高考)We are confident that the environment ______ by our further efforts to reduce pollution.
A. had been improved
B. will be improved
C. is improved
D. was improved
解题关键： 根据句意确定应该选用一般将来时，而且environment与improve之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。
思路分析：选B。考查时态和语态。句意：通过在减少污染方面的进一步努力，我们相信环境将会有所改善。根据句意此处应用一般将来时且为被动语态，故选B。3. (2012·四川高考)They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house______.
A. is being rebuilt B. has been rebuilt
C. is rebuilt D. has rebuilt
思路分析：选A。考查动词时态和语态。句意：他们现在和他们的父母住在一起，因为他们自己的房子正在重建。根据句意可知，此处强调现在正在发生的动作，故应用现在进行时，且房子与重建之间为动宾关系，所以应用现在进行时的被动式。4. (2012·安徽高考)After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only to be told that it______ .
A. was decorated
B. had decorated
C. had been decorating
D. was being decorated思路分析：选D。考查动词时态和语态。句意：放学后我们去阅览室读书，结果被告知阅览室正在装修。由句子的谓语动词went可知，动作发生在过去，而装修正在进行，故需要使用过去进行时；it指代the reading-room，与动词decorate是动宾关系，故需要使用被动语态，所以应该使用过去进行时的被动语态，故选D项。 Ⅰ. 句型转换
把下列句子改为被动结构。
1. Can they fulfill the plan in time?
→____ the plan __________in time?
2. They often made fun of her in school.
→She was often ___________in school.
3. We are going to develop the city into an industrial centre.
→The city _____________________into an industrial centre. Canbe fulfilledmade fun ofis going to be developed4. The boss made them work fourteen hours a day.
→They _________________fourteen hours a day.
5. We elected him our monitor.
→He __________our monitor by us. were made to workwas electedⅡ. 单项填空
1. I hope her health ______greatly by the time we come back next year.
A. improves B. improved
C. will be improved D. will have improved
【解析】选D。考查时态和语态。句意：我希望等我们明年回来的时候，她的健康状况已经好转。根据时间状语by the time we come back next year可知主句谓语应该用将来完成时。improve表示“好转”时，为不及物动词。2. A new cinema ______ here. They hope to finish it next month.
A. will be built B. is built
C. has been built D. is being built
【解析】选D。考查时态和语态。句意：这里正在修建一家新的电影院，他们希望下个月竣工。主语cinema与谓语build之间是被动关系；根据finish it next month“下个月竣工”可知电影院正在建造中，故应该选现在进行时的被动语态形式。3. The way the guests ______ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.
A. treated B. were treated
C. would treat D. would be treated
【解析】选B。考查时态和语态。由句意可知treat的动作与influenced的动作具有同时性，故用一般过去时。客人是“被对待”，故用被动语态。4. His sister left home in 1998,and ______ ever since.
A. had not been heard of B. has not been heard of
C. had not heard of D. has not heard of
【解析】选B。考查动词的时态和语态。句意：他妹妹于1998年离开了家，之后再也没有听到她的消息。根据时间状语ever since可知，应该使用现在完成时；句子的主语His sister与谓语hear of之间是动宾关系，故应该使用被动语态，故选择B项。5. The woman told the workers that her house ______ .
A. required to paint B. required painting
C. requires paint D. requires being painted
【解析】选B。考查动词require后动词的形式。句意：那位女士告诉工人们她的房子需要粉刷。require意为“需要，要求”，其后应该使用v. -ing形式表示被动含义或to be done结构，故选择B项。6. —What’s that noise?
—Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine ______.
A. was tested B. will be tested
C. is being tested D. has been tested
【解析】选C。考查时态和语态。根据一对一的问答可知，“机器正在被检测”，故选C。7. Every possible means______ to prevent the pollution, but the sky is still gray.
A. is used B. are used
C. has been used D. have been used
【解析】选C。考查被动语态和主谓一致。means是单复数同形的名词，此处被every修饰，应该按单数对待。根据后句天空依旧是灰白的，用的是一般现在时，所以前句应是“已经用了每一种可能的方法”，故选用现在完成时。8. Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future ______ to the well-educated.
A. belongs B. is belonged
C. is belonging D. will be belonged
【解析】选A。考查belong的用法及被动语态。句意：威廉姆斯教授一直告诫他的学生们说未来是属于受过良好教育的人。belong to属于，此词组在使用时要注意，不能用进行时态，也不能用被动语态。故排除B、C、D项。9. Miss Johnson is an able writer，whose first novel ______ when she was still at college.
A. is published B. was published
C. has been published D. had published
【解析】选B。考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：约翰逊小姐是一位很有才能的作家，她在上大学时就出版了第一部小说。根据句中的时间状语when she was still at college可知用一般过去时，novel应是被出版，故用被动语态。