Module 3 The Violence of Nature Grammar 课件（30张PPT）
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| 名称 | Module 3 The Violence of Nature Grammar 课件（30张PPT） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-08-21 16:40:48 | ||
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课件30张PPT。The past perfect passive
过去完成时被动语态过去完成时 1) 概念：表示过去的过去 ----|-------|-----|---->
那时以前 那时 现在 其构成是had+过去分词构成。
2) 用法标志 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris. b. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示 “原本……，未能……”
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn’t. 3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as。 e.g.: 1. He said that he had learned some
English before. 2. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 3. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. What can you see from the following sentences?1. By the time the tornado ended, more
than 700 people had been killed.
2. Coghlan traveled back to Canada after
he had been buried in Texas.The past perfect passive 过去完成时被动语态：
动作在过去某一时刻之前已经完成, 且谓语动词与发出这一动作的主语存在______关系(主动/被动)。
句中常用by, before, until, when等词引导时间状语。被动The classroom had been cleaned before the teacher came.
老师进来前教室就已经被打扫干净了。
过去完成时被动语态的肯定结构:
_____________________。had been + 过去分词过去完成时被动语态的否定结构：
e.g. The classroom __________________
before the teacher came.
老师进来前教室还没被打扫干净
呢。hadn’t been cleanedhad not been +过去分词。过去完成时被动语态的疑问句结构:
e.g. _____ a new school ____________
by the end of last year?
去年年底是建了一所新学校吗？Hadbeen set uphad+主语+been+过去分词。
单项选择：
1. (2013·福州高一检测)On hearing the news that her lost daughter ______，the excited mother burst into tears.
A. were found B. has been found
C. would be found D. had been found
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：一听到丢失的女儿被找到了这个消息，这位兴奋的妈妈大哭起来。过去完成时表示到过去某个时间为止已经发生或完成的动作或行为。选D。2. —George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to the wedding?
—No, I ______. Did they have a big wedding?
A. was not invited
B. have not been invited
C. hadn’t been invited
D. didn’t invite【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——乔治和露西上周结婚了。你去参加婚礼了吗？——没有，他们没有邀请我。他们的婚礼隆重吗？I是invite的承受者，即invite与I之间是动宾关系，要用被动语态；又因为 “邀请” 发生在 “结婚” 之前，got married是过去，invite就该是过去的过去，所以要用过去完成时的被动语态。选C。3. The new suspension bridge ______ by the end of last month.
has been designed
B.had been designed
C.was designed
D.would be designed
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：这座新吊桥上个月底设计完了。四个选项都是不同时态的被动语态，关键是判断用哪种时态；由 “by the end of +过去时间” ，可知要用过去完成时的被动语态。选B。4. The police found that the house ______ and a lot of things ______.
A. has broken into; has been stolen
B. had broken into; had been stolen
C. has been broken into; stolen
D. had been broken into; stolen【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：警察发现有人闯入了这栋房子，许多东西被偷了。因为break into与the house之间是动宾关系，要用被动语态，排除A和B两项；又因为break into和steal应发生在found之前，即 “过去的过去” ，应用过去完成时的被动语态；a lot of things与steal之间是被动关系，故用stolen作宾语补足语，为find sth. done结构。选D。5. (2013·天津高一检测)The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which ______ placed under the Minister’s car.
A. has been B. was being
C. had been D. would be
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：警察的注意力突然被一个安装到部长汽车下面的小盒子吸引住了。分析语境可知，小盒子被放在部长车子下面的动作是在主句动作之前发生的，是过去的过去，故应用过去完成时的被动语态，故选C项。6. The town government had to find a new place to rebuild it, for it ______ by a strong earthquake.
A. was ruined B. had ruined
C. had been ruined D. has been ruined
【解析】考查时态。句意：镇政府不得不找一个新地方重建它，因为它被一场强烈的地震毁了。首先要看出ruin与主语it之间是被动关系，要用被动语态；另外，ruin发生在had to find a new place之前，故用过去完成时的被动语态。选C。7. It was the third time that Tom ______ cheating in the math exams.
A. have been caught B. had caught
C. was caught D. had been caught
【解析】句意：这是汤姆第三次在数学考试中被发现作弊。在 “It was the third time+that从句” 中，从句的谓语要用过去完成时。另外，根据句意可知此处主语与catch之间是被动关系，所以用过去完成时的被动语态。选D。8. “Have you seen the film？” he asked me.
→He asked me ______.
A. had I seen the film
B. have I seen the film
C. if I have seen the film
D. whether I had seen the film
【解析】如果直接引语为一般疑问句，变间接引语时，一般将其变成whether/if引导的宾语从句，故选D。链接高考:
1. (2011·北京高考)Experiments of this kind ______ in both the U. S. and Europe well before the Second World War.
have conducted
B.have been conducted
C.had conducted
had been conducted
解题关键：时间状语before the Second World War以及experiments与conduct之间的关系思路分析：句意：二战前在美国和欧洲都进行过该类实验。conduct发生在the Second World War之前，故是 “过去的过去” , 用过去完成时；又因experiments 与conduct之间为动宾关系，用被动结构，故句子谓语动词用过去完成时的被动语态，D项为正确选项。
2. (2013·北京高考)Shakespeare’s play Hamlet ______ into at least ten different films over the past years.
A. had been made B. was made
C. has been made D. would be made
解题关键：时间状语over the past years
思路分析：考查时态和语态。句意：莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》在过去几年里被制作成了至少十部不同的电影。时间状语over the past years与现在完成时连用，且主语与make之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动形式。选C。3. (2011·上海高考)After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team ______ four days later.
A. rescued B. was rescued
C. has rescued D. had been rescued
解题关键：句意以及a member of the navy team与rescue之间的关系nowpastfuture过去完成现在完成Correct the mistakes.
1.When she was at the middle school, she often reads in the library. 2.When she got home, the children went to bed. 3.He said he didn’t see his uncle for many years. 4.I didn’t go to see the film because I saw it before. readhad gonehadn’t seenhad seen5.The wind was still blowing, but the rain has stopped. 6.By the end of last term we learned about 1,500 English words. 7.Lu Xun had spoken to the youth about the study of the foreign language. 8.Yang Mei learned some English before she came to this school. hadhadspokehad1. Remember the rules in the lesson.
2. Finish the exercises in the workbook.
过去完成时被动语态过去完成时 1) 概念：表示过去的过去 ----|-------|-----|---->
那时以前 那时 现在 其构成是had+过去分词构成。
2) 用法标志 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris. b. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示 “原本……，未能……”
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn’t. 3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as。 e.g.: 1. He said that he had learned some
English before. 2. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 3. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. What can you see from the following sentences?1. By the time the tornado ended, more
than 700 people had been killed.
2. Coghlan traveled back to Canada after
he had been buried in Texas.The past perfect passive 过去完成时被动语态：
动作在过去某一时刻之前已经完成, 且谓语动词与发出这一动作的主语存在______关系(主动/被动)。
句中常用by, before, until, when等词引导时间状语。被动The classroom had been cleaned before the teacher came.
老师进来前教室就已经被打扫干净了。
过去完成时被动语态的肯定结构:
_____________________。had been + 过去分词过去完成时被动语态的否定结构：
e.g. The classroom __________________
before the teacher came.
老师进来前教室还没被打扫干净
呢。hadn’t been cleanedhad not been +过去分词。过去完成时被动语态的疑问句结构:
e.g. _____ a new school ____________
by the end of last year?
去年年底是建了一所新学校吗？Hadbeen set uphad+主语+been+过去分词。
单项选择：
1. (2013·福州高一检测)On hearing the news that her lost daughter ______，the excited mother burst into tears.
A. were found B. has been found
C. would be found D. had been found
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：一听到丢失的女儿被找到了这个消息，这位兴奋的妈妈大哭起来。过去完成时表示到过去某个时间为止已经发生或完成的动作或行为。选D。2. —George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to the wedding?
—No, I ______. Did they have a big wedding?
A. was not invited
B. have not been invited
C. hadn’t been invited
D. didn’t invite【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——乔治和露西上周结婚了。你去参加婚礼了吗？——没有，他们没有邀请我。他们的婚礼隆重吗？I是invite的承受者，即invite与I之间是动宾关系，要用被动语态；又因为 “邀请” 发生在 “结婚” 之前，got married是过去，invite就该是过去的过去，所以要用过去完成时的被动语态。选C。3. The new suspension bridge ______ by the end of last month.
has been designed
B.had been designed
C.was designed
D.would be designed
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：这座新吊桥上个月底设计完了。四个选项都是不同时态的被动语态，关键是判断用哪种时态；由 “by the end of +过去时间” ，可知要用过去完成时的被动语态。选B。4. The police found that the house ______ and a lot of things ______.
A. has broken into; has been stolen
B. had broken into; had been stolen
C. has been broken into; stolen
D. had been broken into; stolen【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：警察发现有人闯入了这栋房子，许多东西被偷了。因为break into与the house之间是动宾关系，要用被动语态，排除A和B两项；又因为break into和steal应发生在found之前，即 “过去的过去” ，应用过去完成时的被动语态；a lot of things与steal之间是被动关系，故用stolen作宾语补足语，为find sth. done结构。选D。5. (2013·天津高一检测)The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which ______ placed under the Minister’s car.
A. has been B. was being
C. had been D. would be
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：警察的注意力突然被一个安装到部长汽车下面的小盒子吸引住了。分析语境可知，小盒子被放在部长车子下面的动作是在主句动作之前发生的，是过去的过去，故应用过去完成时的被动语态，故选C项。6. The town government had to find a new place to rebuild it, for it ______ by a strong earthquake.
A. was ruined B. had ruined
C. had been ruined D. has been ruined
【解析】考查时态。句意：镇政府不得不找一个新地方重建它，因为它被一场强烈的地震毁了。首先要看出ruin与主语it之间是被动关系，要用被动语态；另外，ruin发生在had to find a new place之前，故用过去完成时的被动语态。选C。7. It was the third time that Tom ______ cheating in the math exams.
A. have been caught B. had caught
C. was caught D. had been caught
【解析】句意：这是汤姆第三次在数学考试中被发现作弊。在 “It was the third time+that从句” 中，从句的谓语要用过去完成时。另外，根据句意可知此处主语与catch之间是被动关系，所以用过去完成时的被动语态。选D。8. “Have you seen the film？” he asked me.
→He asked me ______.
A. had I seen the film
B. have I seen the film
C. if I have seen the film
D. whether I had seen the film
【解析】如果直接引语为一般疑问句，变间接引语时，一般将其变成whether/if引导的宾语从句，故选D。链接高考:
1. (2011·北京高考)Experiments of this kind ______ in both the U. S. and Europe well before the Second World War.
have conducted
B.have been conducted
C.had conducted
had been conducted
解题关键：时间状语before the Second World War以及experiments与conduct之间的关系思路分析：句意：二战前在美国和欧洲都进行过该类实验。conduct发生在the Second World War之前，故是 “过去的过去” , 用过去完成时；又因experiments 与conduct之间为动宾关系，用被动结构，故句子谓语动词用过去完成时的被动语态，D项为正确选项。
2. (2013·北京高考)Shakespeare’s play Hamlet ______ into at least ten different films over the past years.
A. had been made B. was made
C. has been made D. would be made
解题关键：时间状语over the past years
思路分析：考查时态和语态。句意：莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》在过去几年里被制作成了至少十部不同的电影。时间状语over the past years与现在完成时连用，且主语与make之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动形式。选C。3. (2011·上海高考)After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team ______ four days later.
A. rescued B. was rescued
C. has rescued D. had been rescued
解题关键：句意以及a member of the navy team与rescue之间的关系nowpastfuture过去完成现在完成Correct the mistakes.
1.When she was at the middle school, she often reads in the library. 2.When she got home, the children went to bed. 3.He said he didn’t see his uncle for many years. 4.I didn’t go to see the film because I saw it before. readhad gonehadn’t seenhad seen5.The wind was still blowing, but the rain has stopped. 6.By the end of last term we learned about 1,500 English words. 7.Lu Xun had spoken to the youth about the study of the foreign language. 8.Yang Mei learned some English before she came to this school. hadhadspokehad1. Remember the rules in the lesson.
2. Finish the exercises in the workbook.