高中英语限制性定语从句 课件（38张PPT）
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| 名称 | 高中英语限制性定语从句 课件（38张PPT） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-08-22 22:05:33 | ||
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课件38张PPT。定语从句（一） Attributive Clauses限制性定语从句Defining Attributive Clauses 关系代词(relative pronouns)
（一）关系代词的一般用法 (common usages of relative pronouns)1.将以下各组两个句子合并为一个含有定语从句的主从复合句，划线部分为先行词。①Mozi was another teacher.
The teacher was very influential.
Mozi was another teacher who/that was very influential.②He came from a family.
The family was very poor.
He came from a family which/that was very poor.
③Confucius is the philosopher.
The philosopher’s influence has been the greatest.
Confucius is the philosopher whose influence has been the greatest.
④The girl is my best friend.
I talked with her in the library .
The girl (whom/that) I talked with in the library is my best friend.
⑤Don’t get close to the house.
The roof of the house is under repair.
Don’t get close to the house whose roof is under repair.
⑥Our hometown isn’t the place.
It used to be the place.
Our hometown isn’t the place that it used to be.
⑦This is the book.
He bought the book for me as my birthday present.
This is the book (which/that) he bought for me as my birthday present.
2. 找出以下句子中的定语从句以及关系词、先行词，并说出关系词在从句中的成分。 ①He is such a good boy as all of us like.
(区分He is such a good boy that all of us like him.)
②He is wearing the same hat as I wore yesterday.
(区分He is wearing the same hat that I wore yesterday.)
③No period in history has had as many important changes as have taken place in the past century.
④It is so easy a book as every schoolboy can read.
as作为关系代词的搭配总结：
①such----as-----
②the same -----as-----
③as----as-----
④so-----as-----
3. 关系代词的总结
（二）关系代词的特殊用法
(Special usages of relative pronouns)
1.只能用that不能用which的情况（从例句来总结）
①Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said??
Is there anything that I can do for you?
I have done all the work that I should do.
当先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, little, some等不定代词或先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等不定代词修饰时。 ?
②This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.
New York was the first place (that) he visited in the USA.
先行词被形容词最高级、序数词修饰时。
③They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school.
先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时。
④That's the only thing that we can do now.
This is the very book that I want.
先行词被the only, the very等词修饰时。
⑤Which is the dictionary that you bought yesterday？
当主句是有which /who引导的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复，用that 引导定语从句。
⑥China is not the country that it used to be.
先行词在主句中作表语，关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。
①Jim passed the driving test, which surprised everybody in the office.
非限制定语从句不能用that引导。
②I was put in a position in which I had to accept I was less important.
介词后只能用which, 不能用that引导。
2.只能用which不能用that的情况：（从例句中总结） 3.whose的用法
whose在定语从句中做主语或宾语的______语，先行词可____可____，whose相当于先行词的所有格，即先行词加’s。而且whose+n.=the +n. + of whom/which = of whom/which +the +n.
如：①Don’t get close to the house whose roof is likely to fall at any time.
(whose roof=_________________=________________ )
②Do you know the girl whose father is an engineer?
(whose father=_______________=________________)
定人物the roof of whichof which the roofthe father of whomof whom the father4. “介词+关系代词”的用法（含有非限制性从句的内容）
如：①The man (whom/who/that) I talked to is Mr. Li.
= The man _______________I talked is Mr. Li.
②The pen (which/that) I wrote with has broken.
= The pen _____________ I wrote has broken.
总结：
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，当先行词为人时，关系代词用__________，当先行词为物时，关系代词用__________。
to whomwith whichwhomwhich③This is the house _______ which the inventor lived.
④He is a person _______ whom everyone has heard.
⑤He was educated at the local high school, ______ which he went on to Beijing University.
⑥There are sixty students in our class, twenty of whom are girls.
The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% of which are sold abroad.
There are two rooms, the smaller of which is my study.
I have two new pens, both of which are blue.
inof/aboutafter★总结：
根据以上例句，介词的选择可以总结为“一_____, 二______, 三______,四特殊”。“四特殊”即“表部分的词语+of+关系代词”。表部分的词语常见的有：
●不定代词all, both, none, neither, either, some, any等
●数词，包括基数词，序数词，分数，百分数等。
●数词+名词，如three cups, two pairs等。
●the +比较级/最高级
●表数量的词语，如many, most, few, several, half , a quarter等。
先动意义⑦This is the old lady whom she is looking after.
⑧This is the person whom/who/that you are looking for.
★总结：
像listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of等固定动词短语，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。
5. 当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词________________________________________.
如：①He is the only one of the boys who _________ (be) praised yesterday. (先行词是 _____________)
②He is one of the boys who __________ (be) praised yesterday.(先行词是 _______________）
③Mozi came from a family which _________ (be) very poor.
④I like the books which ________ (be) written by Luxun.
应和先行词保持一致wasthe only onewere the boyswasare （一）关系副词的一般用法
(common usages of relative adverbs)关系副词 (relative adverbs)1.将以下各组两个句子合并为一个含有定语从句的主从复合句，划线部分为先行词。
①Ancient China was a place.
States were often at war with each other in the place.
Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.②Ancient China is also a time.
There were many great philosophers in the time.
Ancient China is also a time when there were many great philosophers .
③I don’t know the reason.
He didn’t come here for the reason.
I don’t know the reason why he didn’t come here.
2. 关系副词的总结
1. 关系副词有时候相当于“介词+which”
①This is the house ________he was born.
=This is the house _______ ______ he was born.
②He stayed in Beijing for 20 days ________he visited many places of interest.
=He stayed in Beijing for 20 days________ _______ he visited many places of interest.
③This is the reason _______ he became ill.
=This is the reason _____ _____ he became ill.
（二）关系副词的特殊用法 (special usages of relative adverbs)wherein whichwhenduring whichwhyfor which2.先行词为时间名词、地点名词或reason时关系代词和关系副词的选择
? I’ll never forget the day _____ I joined the League.
I’ll never forget the days ___________ we spent together.
如果先行词是表时间的名词，如果定语从句中不缺主语或宾语，那么选择_______________,相当于______________;如果定语从句中缺主语或宾语，那么选择____________.
whenwhich/that关系副词when介词+which关系代词which/that? This is the house ________ I lived two years ago.
The library ___________ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.
如果先行词是地点的名词，如果定语从句中不缺主语或宾语，那么选择_________________,相当于______________;如果定语从句中缺主语或宾语，那么选择____________.
wherewhich/that关系副词where介词+which关系代词which/that ?Do you know the reason ____________ she was late?
The reason _______________ he explained to me sounded good.
如果先行词是reason，如果定语从句中不缺主语或宾语，那么选择_________________,相当于______________;如果定语从句中缺主语或宾语，那么选择____________.
why which/that关系副词whyfor which关系代词which/that●The reason why…is/was that…
“……的原因是……”
在此结构中，只能用that引导表语从句，不要受汉语的影响，误用because。
如：①The reason _______ he was late was ________ his mother was ill.
②The reason _______ he resigned was __________ he quarreled with his boss.
whythatwhythat3. 表时间或地点的特殊的先行词
①Occasions are quite rare _________ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. ②This is not an occasion for laughter, __________ you must take things seriously.
③There are cases ____________ this rule does not hold good.
④Can you think of a situation ____________ this word can be used?
⑤We’re just trying to reach a point/stage ___________ both sides will sit down together and talk.
whenwherewherewherewhere●where 引导的定语从句也可以修饰case, condition, situation, position, point，stage, occasion等先行词。当先行词为case, condition, situation, position, point, stage等，并且定语从句中不缺主语或宾语时，常选择关系副词__________来引导。当先行词为occasion这个单词，并且定语从句中不缺主语或宾语时，如果occasion表示“时机，机会”的话， 就用________引导，如果它翻译成“场合”， 表示地点,就用_________引导。
wherewhenwhere4.先行词是way的情况
①I don’t like the way____________________ he speaks to his mother.
②The way ___________ he came up with was very good.
当先行词是way时，如果定语从句中不缺主语或宾语，选择关系词______________________。如果缺少主语或宾语时，则用______________.
that/in which/不填that/which/不填that/in which/不填that/which/不填Thanks for listening!
Bye-bye!
（一）关系代词的一般用法 (common usages of relative pronouns)1.将以下各组两个句子合并为一个含有定语从句的主从复合句，划线部分为先行词。①Mozi was another teacher.
The teacher was very influential.
Mozi was another teacher who/that was very influential.②He came from a family.
The family was very poor.
He came from a family which/that was very poor.
③Confucius is the philosopher.
The philosopher’s influence has been the greatest.
Confucius is the philosopher whose influence has been the greatest.
④The girl is my best friend.
I talked with her in the library .
The girl (whom/that) I talked with in the library is my best friend.
⑤Don’t get close to the house.
The roof of the house is under repair.
Don’t get close to the house whose roof is under repair.
⑥Our hometown isn’t the place.
It used to be the place.
Our hometown isn’t the place that it used to be.
⑦This is the book.
He bought the book for me as my birthday present.
This is the book (which/that) he bought for me as my birthday present.
2. 找出以下句子中的定语从句以及关系词、先行词，并说出关系词在从句中的成分。 ①He is such a good boy as all of us like.
(区分He is such a good boy that all of us like him.)
②He is wearing the same hat as I wore yesterday.
(区分He is wearing the same hat that I wore yesterday.)
③No period in history has had as many important changes as have taken place in the past century.
④It is so easy a book as every schoolboy can read.
as作为关系代词的搭配总结：
①such----as-----
②the same -----as-----
③as----as-----
④so-----as-----
3. 关系代词的总结
（二）关系代词的特殊用法
(Special usages of relative pronouns)
1.只能用that不能用which的情况（从例句来总结）
①Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said??
Is there anything that I can do for you?
I have done all the work that I should do.
当先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, little, some等不定代词或先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等不定代词修饰时。 ?
②This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.
New York was the first place (that) he visited in the USA.
先行词被形容词最高级、序数词修饰时。
③They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school.
先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时。
④That's the only thing that we can do now.
This is the very book that I want.
先行词被the only, the very等词修饰时。
⑤Which is the dictionary that you bought yesterday？
当主句是有which /who引导的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复，用that 引导定语从句。
⑥China is not the country that it used to be.
先行词在主句中作表语，关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。
①Jim passed the driving test, which surprised everybody in the office.
非限制定语从句不能用that引导。
②I was put in a position in which I had to accept I was less important.
介词后只能用which, 不能用that引导。
2.只能用which不能用that的情况：（从例句中总结） 3.whose的用法
whose在定语从句中做主语或宾语的______语，先行词可____可____，whose相当于先行词的所有格，即先行词加’s。而且whose+n.=the +n. + of whom/which = of whom/which +the +n.
如：①Don’t get close to the house whose roof is likely to fall at any time.
(whose roof=_________________=________________ )
②Do you know the girl whose father is an engineer?
(whose father=_______________=________________)
定人物the roof of whichof which the roofthe father of whomof whom the father4. “介词+关系代词”的用法（含有非限制性从句的内容）
如：①The man (whom/who/that) I talked to is Mr. Li.
= The man _______________I talked is Mr. Li.
②The pen (which/that) I wrote with has broken.
= The pen _____________ I wrote has broken.
总结：
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，当先行词为人时，关系代词用__________，当先行词为物时，关系代词用__________。
to whomwith whichwhomwhich③This is the house _______ which the inventor lived.
④He is a person _______ whom everyone has heard.
⑤He was educated at the local high school, ______ which he went on to Beijing University.
⑥There are sixty students in our class, twenty of whom are girls.
The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% of which are sold abroad.
There are two rooms, the smaller of which is my study.
I have two new pens, both of which are blue.
inof/aboutafter★总结：
根据以上例句，介词的选择可以总结为“一_____, 二______, 三______,四特殊”。“四特殊”即“表部分的词语+of+关系代词”。表部分的词语常见的有：
●不定代词all, both, none, neither, either, some, any等
●数词，包括基数词，序数词，分数，百分数等。
●数词+名词，如three cups, two pairs等。
●the +比较级/最高级
●表数量的词语，如many, most, few, several, half , a quarter等。
先动意义⑦This is the old lady whom she is looking after.
⑧This is the person whom/who/that you are looking for.
★总结：
像listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of等固定动词短语，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。
5. 当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词________________________________________.
如：①He is the only one of the boys who _________ (be) praised yesterday. (先行词是 _____________)
②He is one of the boys who __________ (be) praised yesterday.(先行词是 _______________）
③Mozi came from a family which _________ (be) very poor.
④I like the books which ________ (be) written by Luxun.
应和先行词保持一致wasthe only onewere the boyswasare （一）关系副词的一般用法
(common usages of relative adverbs)关系副词 (relative adverbs)1.将以下各组两个句子合并为一个含有定语从句的主从复合句，划线部分为先行词。
①Ancient China was a place.
States were often at war with each other in the place.
Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.②Ancient China is also a time.
There were many great philosophers in the time.
Ancient China is also a time when there were many great philosophers .
③I don’t know the reason.
He didn’t come here for the reason.
I don’t know the reason why he didn’t come here.
2. 关系副词的总结
1. 关系副词有时候相当于“介词+which”
①This is the house ________he was born.
=This is the house _______ ______ he was born.
②He stayed in Beijing for 20 days ________he visited many places of interest.
=He stayed in Beijing for 20 days________ _______ he visited many places of interest.
③This is the reason _______ he became ill.
=This is the reason _____ _____ he became ill.
（二）关系副词的特殊用法 (special usages of relative adverbs)wherein whichwhenduring whichwhyfor which2.先行词为时间名词、地点名词或reason时关系代词和关系副词的选择
? I’ll never forget the day _____ I joined the League.
I’ll never forget the days ___________ we spent together.
如果先行词是表时间的名词，如果定语从句中不缺主语或宾语，那么选择_______________,相当于______________;如果定语从句中缺主语或宾语，那么选择____________.
whenwhich/that关系副词when介词+which关系代词which/that? This is the house ________ I lived two years ago.
The library ___________ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.
如果先行词是地点的名词，如果定语从句中不缺主语或宾语，那么选择_________________,相当于______________;如果定语从句中缺主语或宾语，那么选择____________.
wherewhich/that关系副词where介词+which关系代词which/that ?Do you know the reason ____________ she was late?
The reason _______________ he explained to me sounded good.
如果先行词是reason，如果定语从句中不缺主语或宾语，那么选择_________________,相当于______________;如果定语从句中缺主语或宾语，那么选择____________.
why which/that关系副词whyfor which关系代词which/that●The reason why…is/was that…
“……的原因是……”
在此结构中，只能用that引导表语从句，不要受汉语的影响，误用because。
如：①The reason _______ he was late was ________ his mother was ill.
②The reason _______ he resigned was __________ he quarreled with his boss.
whythatwhythat3. 表时间或地点的特殊的先行词
①Occasions are quite rare _________ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. ②This is not an occasion for laughter, __________ you must take things seriously.
③There are cases ____________ this rule does not hold good.
④Can you think of a situation ____________ this word can be used?
⑤We’re just trying to reach a point/stage ___________ both sides will sit down together and talk.
whenwherewherewherewhere●where 引导的定语从句也可以修饰case, condition, situation, position, point，stage, occasion等先行词。当先行词为case, condition, situation, position, point, stage等，并且定语从句中不缺主语或宾语时，常选择关系副词__________来引导。当先行词为occasion这个单词，并且定语从句中不缺主语或宾语时，如果occasion表示“时机，机会”的话， 就用________引导，如果它翻译成“场合”， 表示地点,就用_________引导。
wherewhenwhere4.先行词是way的情况
①I don’t like the way____________________ he speaks to his mother.
②The way ___________ he came up with was very good.
当先行词是way时，如果定语从句中不缺主语或宾语，选择关系词______________________。如果缺少主语或宾语时，则用______________.
that/in which/不填that/which/不填that/in which/不填that/which/不填Thanks for listening!
Bye-bye!