课时达标(二十四) Unit 4 Making the news
建议时间/35分钟
(见学用课时P55)
Ⅰ 阅读理解
A
课标话题 人与社会·文化娱乐与传媒 体裁 说明文
词 数 286 难度
The American newspaper has been around for about three hundred years. In 1721, the printer James Franklin, Benjamin's older brother, started The New England Courant, and that was what we might recognize today as a real newspaper. He filled his paper with stories of adventure, articles on art, on famous people, and on all sorts of political subjects.
Three centuries after the appearance of Franklin's Courant, few believe that newspapers in their present printed form will remain alive for long. Newspaper companies are losing advertisers, readers, market value, and in some cases, their sense of purpose at a speed that would not have been imaginable just several years ago. The chief editor of The Times said recently, “At places where they gather, editors ask one another, ‘How are you？’， as if they have just come out of the hospital or a lost law case.” An article about the newspaper appeared on the website of the Guardian, under the headline “NOT DEAD YET.”
Perhaps not, but the rise of the Internet, which has made the daily newspaper look slow and out of step with the world, has brought about a real sense of death. Some American newspapers have lost 42% of their market value in the past three years. The New York Times Company has seen its stock(股票) drop by 54% since the end of 2004, with much of the loss coming in the past year. A manager at Deutsche Bank suggested that stock?holders sell off their Times stock. The Washington Post Company has prevented the trouble only by changing part of its business to education; its testing and test?preparation service now brings in at least half the company's income.
语篇导读 本文简单介绍了报业的发展历程，且通过数据表达了对这个行业未来的担忧。
1．What can we learn about The New England Courant?
A．It is mainly about the stock market.
B．It carries articles by political leaders.
C．It marks the beginning of newspapers.
D．It remains a successful newspaper in America.
解析 C 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，《The New England Courant》是第一份真正的报纸，即它标志着报业的开端，故选C项。
2．What can we infer about the newspaper editors?
A．They often accept readers' suggestions.
B．They care a lot about each other's health.
C．They stop doing business with advertisers.
D．They face great difficulties in their business.
解析 D 推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，报业在衰落，编辑们的工作面临极大困难，故选D项。
3．Which of the following found a new way for its development?
A．The Washington Post.
B．The Guardian.
C．The New York Times.
D．The New England Courant.
解析 A 细节理解题。根据本文最后一句可知，华盛顿邮报公司通过调整业务方向避免了进一步衰落，故选A项。
4．How does the author seem to feel about the future of newspapers?
A．Satisfied. B．Hopeful.
C．Surprised. D．Worried.
解析 D 观点态度题。根据第二段以及最后一段中提到的多个报业公司的股票数据可推断，报业发展艰难，因此作者对报业的未来感到担忧，故选D项。
B
课标话题 人与社会·文化娱乐与传媒 体裁 说明文
词 数 256 难度
On Aug 29, 1988, the University of Wisconsin?Madison juniors Tim Keck and Christopher Johnson published the first?ever issue of The Onion. The two founders claimed it was the “finest news source” in the US. 25 years later, it has become one of the most established media presences in the US. But don't expect accuracy and timeliness from it, for The Onion only publishes fake news or news satire(讽刺). Its aim is to make readers laugh and perhaps make them see things from a different angle.
Will Tracy, The Onion's editor?in?chief, says that their stories are presented in a sort of news voice which improves them to a certain level of importance that isn't actually understandable. It has an ability to elegantly locate a problem with an economy of words.
Traditional media outlets are cautious when reporting on sensitive topics such as religion and race. Tracy says nothing is off limits for The Onion. In her words, that is “no matter how uncomfortable they may make some readers”. But the editors at The Onion do take a firm line, as Tracy explains, “What you have to be really careful about is what the target of the joke is. If the target of the joke is wrong, then it doesn't feel right and it also doesn't feel funny.” The Onion generated public outrage when earlier this year, it tried to make fun of a 9?year?old Oscar?nominated(奥斯卡提名的) actress by using highly impolite language. It later apologized.
语篇导读 本文介绍了The Onion这一新闻机构的创建背景与特点。
5．What can we know about The Onion according to Paragraph 1?
A．Its news materials are all real and timely.
B．It often makes fun of the public based on the wrong news.
C．Its aim is to make readers feel relaxed and see problems from different angles.
D．Its first article written by Tim Keck and Christopher Johnson was published on Aug 29, 1988.
解析 C 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，该报旨在使读者感到轻松并从不同角度看待问题，故选C项。
6．What is the meaning of the underlined word “outrage” in Paragraph 3?
A．Anger. B．Sadness.
C．Disappointment. D．Grief.
解析 A 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文中的highly impolite language和apologized可推知，他们的报道让公众很气愤，故选A项。
7．Compared with the traditional media, the feature of The Onion is that ________.
A．its targets of the joke are often children
B．it often makes readers feel uncomfortable
C．it also has the same limits on sensitive topics
D．it also reports news about religion and race
解析 D 细节理解题。根据第三段前两句可知，该报不像传统媒体那样对诸如宗教和种族等敏感话题小心谨慎，即该报也会报道这类敏感话题，故选D项。
8．Which section of the newspaper could the text be taken from?
A．Education. B．Medicine.
C．Science. D．Culture.
解析 D 文章出处题。本文主要介绍了一家新闻机构，根据常识可知，本文最可能来自报纸的文化版块，故选D项。
Ⅱ 七选五
课标话题 人与社会·人际关系与社会交往 体裁 说明文
词 数 261 难度
(2019·湖南十四校统测)
How to Do Man?on?the?Street Interviews
The man?on?the?street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot. __1__ But with these tips, your first man?on?the?street interview experience can be easy.
?When your boss or professor sends you out to do man?on?the?street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, “Why do you think environmental protection is important in America？”__2__
?Hit the streets with confidence. __3__ Say, “Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.” This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.
?Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested. Don't get discouraged.
?__4__ Each interview that you get on the street shouldn't be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer, you won't be able to use it. The safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten.__5__
?If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, don't leave work without them.
A．Limit your time.
B．As you approach people, be polite.
C．If you don't own a camera, you can buy one.
D．For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.
E．To get good and useful results, ask them the same question.
F．That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.
G．With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply.
语篇导读 本文主要介绍了如何进行街头采访。
1．解析 D 转折关系。根据空后的But可知，空处应与后一句的意思形成对比，D项(对于新记者，这看上去是一项具有挑战性的任务)符合语境，故选D项。
2．解析 G 顺承关系。空前一句是个非Yes或No能回答的问题，而G项中的With a question like this正好与其对应，故选G项。
3．解析 B 递进关系。空后一句中的Excuse me是提问时用于礼貌地引起他人注意的表达，而B项中的polite正好与此呼应，故选B项。
4．解析 A 总分关系。空后一句讲采访的时间，A项(限制采访的时间)符合语境，故选A项。
5．解析 F 顺承关系。根据空前一句可知，此处讲的是采访人数，F项(那个数量的采访可以为你提供全部想要的答案)符合语境，故选F项。
Ⅲ 短文改错
(2019·临川一中月考)Ted, a British boy, along with his parents ① invited to visit a Chinese calligraphy exhibition in London on② last Saturday.They were ③to have such a good chance to have a close look at the traditional Chinese culture.On the show they enjoyed various fine ④ with great admiration.To their joy, they saw some Chinese artists giving live performances with brush pens.Ted couldn't help ⑤ an elderly Chinese artist, ⑥ was writing attentively with a big brush pen.Ted watched with great interest ⑦ asked the artist to show ⑧ how to use the brush pen.The artist agreed and gave him some suggestions patiently.Then Ted couldn't wait to have ⑨try.He ⑩ he was deeply attracted by the Chinese calligraphy.
① 解析 本句主语为Ted, 后面的along with his parents是对主语的补充说明，故谓语动词用单数。
② 解析 Saturday被last修饰时，可直接作时间状语，其前不加介词。
③ 解析 主语为They，指Ted和他的父母；此处表示“感到兴奋的”，故将exciting改为excited。
④ 解析 work表示“作品”时，为可数名词，根据修饰词various(各种各样的)可知，此处应用复数形式。
⑤ 解析 can't help doing sth情不自禁做某事，为固定搭配。
⑥ 解析 分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是an elderly Chinese artist，指人，引导词在从句中作主语，故将which改为who。
⑦ 解析 根据语境可知，此处上下文为表顺承的并列关系，故将but改为and。
⑧ 解析 此处指代的是Ted，根据首句可知Ted是男孩，故将her改为him。
⑨ 解析 have a try试试看，尝试一下，为固定搭配。
⑩ 解析 根据上文可知，文章的主体时态为一般过去时，故将admit改为admitted。
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必修 5
Unit 4 Making the news
1．_____________ n．记者；新闻工作者
2．________ n．情况；病例；案例
3．________ vt.递交；呈递(文件等)
4．________ n．同事
journalist
case
submit
colleague
5．________ adj.渴望的；热切的
6．________ adv.其间；同时
7．________ vt.指责；谴责；控告
8．____________ adv.故意地
9．________ adj.有天赋的
10．________ n．(进退两难的)困境；窘境
11．________ vt.擦亮；磨光；润色
eager
meanwhile
accuse
deliberately
gifted
dilemma
polish
12．________ vt.加工；处理 n．过程；程序；步骤
13．________ n．底片；否定 adj.否定的；消极的
process
negative
1．________ n．编辑→________ vt.编辑；校订→________n.版(本)；版次
2．______________ n．照片 vt.给……照相→_______________ n．摄影师
3．________ adj.快乐的；欣喜的→________ n．欣喜；愉快
editor
edit
edition
photograph
photographer
delighted
delight
4．____________ adj.值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的→________ vt.钦佩；欣赏
5．________ vt.帮助；协助；援助→_______________ n．帮助；协助→____________ n．助手；助理；售货员
6．________ n．职业；专业→______________ adj.专业的；职业的 n．专业人员→________ n．教授；(大学)教师
admirable
admire
assist
assistance
assistant
profession
professional
professor
7．________________ vt.& vi.集中；聚集→____________ n．专心；专注
8．________ vt.获得；取得；学到→____________ n．获得
9．________ vt.评估；评定→____________ n．评估；估算
10．________ vt.告知；通知→________adj.有学问的；有见识的→_____________ n．消息；信息
concentrate
concentration
acquire
acquisition
assess
assessment
inform
informed
information
11．________ adj.犯罪的；有罪的；内疚的→________ n．有罪；犯罪；内疚
12．________ n．需求要求 vt.强烈要求→________ adj.要求很高的；费力的
13．________ vt.出版；发行；发表；公布→________ n．出版；出版物；公开
14．________ adj.技术(上)的；技巧方面的→________ adv.技术上；工艺上
guilty
guilt
demand
demanding
publish
publication
technical
technically
15．________ adj.彻底的；详尽的→________ adv.彻底地；完全地
16．________ adj.精确的；正确的→________ adv.精确地；准确地→________ n．精确度；准确性
17．________ vt.赞成；认可；批准→________ n．赞成；批准；同意→_________________ (反义词)n.不赞成；不同意
18．________ vt.任命；委派→______________ n．任命；委派；约会
thorough
thoroughly
accurate
accurately
accuracy
approve
approval
disapproval
appoint
appointment
1．Professor Smith, who is famous in the medical ________,_is paying a ______________ visit to our college.(profession)
2．We can predict changes with a surprising degree of ________ (accurate)．
profession
[用所给词的适当形式填空]
professional
accuracy
3．We went to the gallery last weekend and all the artists were very ____________. In other words, we ________ the artists for their ________ skills.(admire)
4．To his ________,_he took the first place in the exam. His parents were ________ to know about it.(delight)
admirable
admired
admirable
delight
delighted
1．__________________ 集中；全神贯注于
2．________ 依靠；依赖
3．__________ 因……指责或控告……
4．__________________ 为了(做)……
5．________ 在……前面
6．__________________ 对……敏感；善于发现……
concentrate on
depend on
accuse…of
so as to (do sth)
ahead of
have a nose for
7．________________ 通知某人某事
8．_____________ 记在心里
9．________________________ 完全误解；弄错
10．__________________ 理应(做)
11．________ 着手工作
12．______________ 把……传递给……
inform sb of sth
keep in mind
get the wrong end of the stick
be supposed to
set to work
pass…on to
1．________________ that the more careful you are, the better results you'll get.
2．Having failed my French exam, I decided to _________________ science subjects.
3．They were praised because they finished their task ________ time, and they were awarded as well.
4．China is paying more and more attention to education ________ catch up with advanced countries in science and technology.
Keep in mind
[选用上面的短语填空]
concentrate on
ahead of
so as to
is to influence their decision
Never will they give up
where they have to
make a choice
联想拓维
?“犯罪”有关的单词集锦
①guilt有罪；罪行 ②crime罪行；犯罪
③accuse控告；指控 ④charge控告
⑤commit犯(罪) ⑥punish惩罚；处罚
⑦sentence判决；宣判 ⑧penalty刑罚；惩罚
?含有表示身体器官名词的短语
①have an eye for对……有识别力
②turn a deaf ear to对……充耳不闻
③turn a blind eye to对……视而不见
④have a nose for对……敏感
assist vt.帮助；协助；援助
assistance n．帮助；协助；援助
assistant n．助手；助理；售货员
1
【考点训练】——单句语法填空
(1)We asked him to assist us in ________(design) a new bridge, and he agreed without hesitation.
(2)Since 2016 the old man has been operating the shop with the ________(assist) of some volunteers.
designing
assistance
(3)The Prime Minister came to visit our country in the company of his ________________(assist)．
(4)The guide managed to assist the tourists _________(find) somewhere to live before dark.
assistant(s)
to find
accuse sb of (doing) sth因(做)某事指责/控告某人
charge sb with (doing) sth控告某人做某事
blame sb for (doing) sth责备某人(做)某事
accuse vt.指责；谴责；控告
2
【考点训练】——单句语法填空
(1)She was accused ________ theft and fraud by the police.
(2)The ________(accuse) man proved his innocence by producing evidence that he was abroad when the murder was committed.
of
accused
(1)inform sb of/about sth通知某人某事
inform oneself of/about sth了解/熟悉某事
inform sb that/wh?clause 告知某人……
(2)keep sb informed of sth随时告知某人某事
inform vt.告知；通知
informed adj.有学问的；有见识的
information n．[U] 消息；信息；通知；情报
3
【考点训练】——单句语法填空
(1)Had I informed him ________ the exact time for the meeting earlier, he wouldn't have been late yesterday.
(2)The managers are very concerned to keep the staff ________(inform) of what they are doing.
(3)The police gained a great deal of useful ____________(inform) about the organization.
of/about
informed
information
(1)be in (great) demand 有(迫切)需求
satisfy/meet one's demands满足某人的需求
(2)demand to do sth要求做某事
demand that…(should) do… 要求……
sth demand(s) to be done＝sth demand(s) doing
某事需要被做
demand n．需求；要求 vt.强烈要求
demanding adj.要求很高的；费力的
4
【考点训练】——单句语法填空
(1)Science graduates are ________ greater demand than art ones in China. However, science and art are of the same importance.
(2)The manager demanded that the workers ______________(work) extra hours to complete the task ahead of time.
(3)Mr Zhang decided to quit his highly?paid but _______________(demand) job.
in
(should) work
demanding
(1)approve of sth赞成/同意某事
approve of sb/one's doing sth赞成/同意某人做某事
(2)in approval (作状语)同意
approval for sth对……的批准
approve vt.& vi.赞成；认可；批准
approval n．赞成；批准；同意
5
【提示】 approve表示“赞成；同意”时，为不及物动词，跟宾语时，后面需加of；表示“批准；通过”时，为及物动词，直接跟宾语。
【考点训练】——单句语法填空
(1)Her father will never approve of her ________(go) to the border regions.
(2)The new proposals have won the ________(approve) of the board.
(3)She said that several countries needed to get parliamentary approval ________ the plan, which would take some weeks.
going
approval
for
(1)concentrate on (doing) sth专心于(做)某事
concentrate one's mind/attention on (＝fix one's attention on＝focus one's attention on/upon＝be absorbed in) 集中注意力于；专心于
(2)concentration n．专心；专注；关注
concentrate on 集中；全神贯注于
1
【考点训练】——单句语法填空
(1)As far as I am concerned, _____________(concentrate) is the first requirement for learning.
(2)Kelly worked late into the night, __________________(concentrate) on her speech for the conference on education.
concentration
concentrating
【写作微技能】——句式升级
(3)他专注于小说，没有注意到我向他走去。
①普通表达：He ____________________________ the novel ___________________ my walking up to him.(并列句)
②高级表达：_____________________________ ____________,he didn't notice my walking up to him.(with复合结构)
concentrated his mind on
and didn't notice
With his mind concentrated on
the novel
③高级表达：________________________________,he didn't notice my walking up to him.(独立主格结构)
His mind concentrated on the novel
(1)depend on/upon sb to do sth依靠某人做某事
depend on/upon sb for sth 依靠某人供给某物
depend on/upon it that… 指望……；对……深信不疑
(2)That depends./It all depends.视情况而定。
(3)rely on/count on依靠
depend on/upon 依靠；依赖
2
to make
【写作微技能】——补全句子
(2)你可以相信在你处于困境时我会帮助你的。
Yon can ____________________ I will help you when you are in trouble.
depend on it that
be to＋动词原形
1
【句式点拨】
“be to＋动词原形”的常见用法：
(1)表示按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事。
(2)指该做或不该做某事(语气上接近于should, must, ought to, have to)，表示命令或禁止。
(3)指可能或不可能发生某事(接近于can, may)，表示可能性。
(4)表示不可避免将要发生或后来注定要发生某事。
【写作微技能】——补全句子
(1)不得将这个图书馆的书籍带出去，这是所有读者需要遵守的。
The books in the library ______________________ outside, which all the readers should obey.
(2)那里很远，如果想按时到那儿，我们最好现在就走。
If we ________ there on time, we'd better go now since it's a place far away.
are not to be taken
are to be
never置于句首的倒装句
2
英语中，以下情况使用部分倒装：
(1)以never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, not only, not once, not until等表示否定意义的词(组)开头的句子部分倒装。
(2)以so, nor, neither开头的句子部分倒装，表示重复前句内容，谓语应与前句谓语在时态、语态上一致。
(3)在as引导的让步状语从句中，用部分倒装。
(4)在so…that…(如此……以至于……)句型中，若so…提至句首，则用部分倒装。
(5)only加状语且位于句首时，其后的主句用部分倒装。
【写作微技能】——高考小作文
(山东卷书面表达)我们决不能放弃梦想，我们只有坚持自己的梦想，才能够克服各种挑战。
On no condition ________________________;_only if we can stick to our dreams _______________________________ ___________________.
can we give up our dreams
will we be able to get over all kinds
of challenges
抽象地点名词＋定语从句
3
【考点训练】——单句语法填空
(1)I have reached a point in my life ________ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
(2)This restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere __________ many others are short of.
(3)All the neighbours admire this family, ________ the parents are treating their child like a friend.
where
that/which
where
1．I have an ___________________(appoint) with the manager of that company in the evening.
2．They investigated the problem ________(thorough) before making the decision.
3．In desperation, Mrs Jones submitted ________ an operation on her right knee to relieve the pain.
appointment
thoroughly
to
4．Generally speaking, a political leader should have a good nose ________ current affairs.
5．I still feel ________(guilt) about what I said to my father when I was a teenager.
6．The man was clever, and ________(gift) with a sharp business brain.
7．He didn't notice his mother enter his room with his attention __________________(concentrate) on the computer games.
for
guilty
gifted
concentrated
8．Rational, unemotional self ____________(assess) should tell us whether or not we have the skills and ability to do something.
9．I can think of many cases ________ students knew quite a few English words and expressions but couldn't write a good essay.
10．You can never depend on your wife ________(do) all the housework for you. It's also what you should do.
assessment
where
to do
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．A thoroughly cleaning is required to be given to our classroom with the National Day drawing near._________________________________
2．The manager promised that they would try to meet their customers' demand.________________________
thoroughly→thorough
demand→demands
3.Not only did he assist me for the settlement of the conflict, but also showed me around the city.________
4．Only after his mother lost her temper did he approve seeing a doctor and having a good rest. _________________
5．So hard did Henry study his lessons that he got ahead all the other students in the same grade.____________
for→with
approve后加of
ahead后加of
6．All of you supposed to finish your homework before you go out to play football, or you'll be punished.____________________
7．The students often get informations from the Internet, though it isn't always useful._________________________
8．I can recognize Tony at first sight. As you know, never was he polished his leather shoes or washed his hat. ________
supposed前加are
informations→information
was→has
9．Never before I made an appointment with a doctor. I even don't know what the doctor's telephone number is._______________
10．I am looking for a position that my research and writing skills can be made good use of.______________
before后加have
that→where
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Zhou Yang, an assistant journalist, goes to the office of a popular English newspaper. His new boss, Hu Xin instructs him 1.________ to be a good journalist.
At first, Zhou Yang is put as an assistant to an 1.______________(experience) journalist. Later, he can cover a story and submit the article all by himself. There is no need for him to take photographs by himself, with a 3._______________(profession) photographer around.
how
experienced
professional
Because he took an amateur course at university to update his skills, he decides 4._________________(concentrate) on photography later. A good journalist must have a good nose5.________ a story and try to discover the truth.
Here is something a journalist should keep 6.________ mind: don't miss his deadline, or be rude, or talk too much, but do listen carefully. 7.___________,_he must prepare the next question 8._____________(depend) on what the interviewee says.
to concentrate
for
in
Meanwhile
depending
In order to get the evidence to support his story, he can make use of a recorder to get the fact straight.
was accused
deliberately
Ⅳ.微写作(黑体部分用本单元词汇或句式表达)
My uncle is a journalist, from whom I know something about being a journalist. Being a professional journalist is 1._________________________(要求高的但是令人钦佩的)．You have to 2.______________________________(对最新的消息敏感), edit the stories and 3._______________________________(在截止日期前上交它们).
demanding but admirable
have a nose for the latest news
submit them before the deadline
My parents say I'm gifted for that and 4.________________________________________(支持我成为记者的决定) in future. 5._________________________(我很高兴的是) they support me. I'm determined to be an excellent journalist, and 6. ___________________________(我绝不会让父母失望/never＋倒装句)．
approve of my decision to be a journalist
I'm very delighted that
never will I let my parents down
