新人教版必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars知识点课件（43张ppt）

(共43张PPT)
课文经典回顾
重点词汇讲练
写作句型仿写
词句基础过关
1. ______ in space存在于太空
2. ______ into a truck撞上一辆卡车
3. _____ on the surface of the water漂浮在水面上
4. _____ out my tooth拔掉我的牙齿
5. _______ of flowers/work一大堆的花/工作
6. the law of conservation of ______ 质量守恒定律
mass
exist
crash
float
pull
masses/lots
7. in the cold _______ 在寒冷的气候条件下
8. climb out of the __________ 爬出宇宙飞船
9. create a comfortable ____________创造一
种舒适的气氛
10. more than one _______ dollars 十亿多美元
11. the solar _______ 太阳系
12. Her words ________ me greatly. 她的话让
我很困惑。
puzzled
climate
spaceship
atmosphere
billion
system
1. multiply n. 氧
2. globe n. 碳
3. biology v. 乘；增加
4. oxygen n. 酸
5. dioxide n. 二氧化物
6. carbon n. 球体；地球仪；地球
7. acid n. 生物学
8. religion n. 原子
9. chain n. 万有引力；重力
10. atom n. 链子；连锁；锁链
11. gravity n. 卫星；人造卫星
12. satellite n. 宗教；宗教信仰
13. thus prep. 不同；不像
14. unlike adv. 因此；于是
1. They are _________ (violent) opposed to
the idea.
修饰谓语用副词。

2. _______________(fundamental), there
are two different approaches to the problem.
修饰整个句子用副词。
violently
Fundamentally
3. He claims television violence is _________ (harm) to children.
作定语用形容词。

4. He patted me _______ (gentle) on the back.
修饰动词用副词。

5. These findings have both ___________ (theory) and practical applications.
作定语用形容词，与practical并列。
harmful
gently
theoretical
6. He designs to become a __________(physic).
由句意“他计划成为物理学家”可知，用physicist。

7. He wished to be an ____________ (astronomy) when he was a child.
由句意“当他是个孩子时，想成为一名天文学家”可知，用astronomer。
physicist
astronomer
1. _________________ 既然
2. ______________轮到某人；接着
3. ______________ pickpockets提防扒手
4. _____________ a baby boy生了一个男孩
5. __________ the light 挡住光线
block out
now that (=since)
in one’s turn
watch out for
give birth to
6. I ___________ immediately. 我立刻振奋起来。
7. be _______ to catch the train及时赶上那趟火车


8. _______ air _____ being polluted 防止空气污染
9. The hen ______________. 母鸡下了三个蛋。
10. A fight __________ just now. 刚才爆发了一场
打斗。
(注：be in time to catch the train =be in time for the train)
broke out
laid three eggs
prevent
from
cheered up
in time
1. It was not ____________(immediate) obvious that water was to be fundamental ____ the development of life.水会对生命的发展起关键作用，这一点在当时并不太明显。

2. This produced a chain reaction，which made ___ possible for life to begin to develop. 这引起连锁反应，使得生命开始发展成为可能。
immediately
to
it
3. When we get closer ____ the moon, we shall feel its gravity _______ (pull) us, but it will not be as strong a pull ___ the earth’s. 当我们更接近月球时, 就会感到月球的引力在拉我们。但是,月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。
to
pulling
as
4. So whether life will continue on the earth ___ millions of years to come will depend on _______ this problem can be solved.所以，在未来的数百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。

5. As ____result of this, many scientists believe that the earth may become too hot to live _____. 因此，许多科学家认为地球可能会变得太热而不适合生物生存。
on
for
whether
a
No one knows 1 _______(exact) how the
earth began. However，according to a widely
2 ________ (accept) theory，it began 3 ______
a “Big Bang”. Then the earth exploded loudly and produced water vapor and many gases，
4 _________(make) the earth’s atmosphere. And then as the earth cooled down，water appeared and stayed on the surface.
exactly
accepted
with
making
It was the presence of water that allowed the earth to dissolve(溶解) 5 ________ (harm) gases and acids into the oceans and seas, 6 ______ made it possible for life to develop. And the appearance of small plants encouraged the development of early shellfish and all sorts of
fish. Next，green plants began to grow on land. They were followed by land animals. Later，reptiles appeared for the first time, after which dinosaurs developed.
harmful
which
However, they suddenly 7 ____________(appear). Therefore，mammals rose on 8 ____ earth. Finally，humans appeared and spread all over the earth. However，they are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere，making the earth too hot 9 ________(live) on. So whether life will continue on the earth will depend on whether this problem can 10 __________(solve).
be solved
disappeared
the
to live
According to a wide accepted theory, the

universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all direction. For several billions years

after the “Big Bang”, earth was still just a cloud

of dust. What it was to become was certain until

between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years before when the dust settled into a solid globe.
The earth became so violently that it was not

clear whether the shape would be last or not. It exploded loudly with fire and rock. They were on time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water

vapor and other gases, that were to make the earth’s atmosphere.
1. wide→ widely 用副词修饰过去分词accepted (被接受的)。
2. direction→ directions 受all修饰，应用复数。
3. billions→ billion 因billion, million, thousand, hundred等前面有数词或few, several时，不用复数。
4. 在earth前加the 独一无二事物前要加the。
5. certain→ uncertain 它会变成什么“不能确定”。
6. before→ ago 指离现在多久以前，用ago。
7. violently→ violent 在became后作表语，要用形容词。
8. 去掉last前的be 因last(持续，维持)是不
及物动词，有了动词后，若不是进行时态或被动语态，不用be。
9. on time→ in time 表示“及时做某事”是in time to do sth，而on time是“按时”。
10. that→ which 引导非限制性定语从句用which。
总之，理论必须同实践相结合。
1. theory n. 学说；理论
in theory 在理论上
in practice 在实践上
In brief, theory must be combined with practice.
2. unlike prep. 不同；不像
unlike adj. 不同的；不相似的
她不像她妈妈；她很高，而她妈妈很矮。
________________________；she is tall while her mother is very short.
like prep. 像 adj. 相似的
She is unlike her mother
be harmful to 对……有害
do harm to sb= do sb harm 对某人有害
3. harmful adj. 有害的；伤害的
_________ adj. 有益的
_________ n. & v. 伤害；损害
_________ adj. 无害的；无恶意的
harmless
beneficial
harm
As we all know，smoking is _________ (harm) to our health. That’s to say，it
does harm ____ our health. Therefore，
we shouldn’t smoke but to do something _________ (harm) to our health.
harmless
harmful
to
exist in 存在于……中
exist on = live on 靠……生活
exist as 作为……而存在
4. exist vi. 存在；生存；生活；继续存在
⑴ The little boy cannot exist ____ the money he is earning.

⑵ Matter can exist ___ a solid，liquid or gas.

⑶ We can’t exist without water. That means our __________(exist) depends on water.
existence
on
as
be puzzled by 被……迷惑
be a puzzle to sb 对某人来说是个谜／困惑
be／feel puzzled about 对……感到困惑
5. puzzle n. 谜；难题 v. (使)迷惑；(使)为难
⑴ Your explanation is really a puzzle ___ me.


⑵ His recent behavior ___________ (使我困惑).
puzzles me
to
⑴ 上涨的河水使我们过不了河。
The rising water _________________________
_________.
6. prevent/ stop/ keep…from... 阻止……做……
protect…from… 保护……不受……
prevented us from crossing
the river
⑵ 人们采取行动来防止环境的恶化。

People took measures _____________
______________________________.
to prevent the
environment from getting worse
⑴ 既然你是学生，你就必须遵守校规。
_________________________，you must obey school rules.

⑵ 既然大家都来了，我们就开会吧。
________________________________ ，let’s begin our meeting.
7. now that 由于；既然
Now that/Since everybody is here
Now that you are a student
(1) 我认为你们能及时赶到那里。
I calculate that you’ll _________________.

(2) 你迟早会学好英语的。
You’ll learn English well in time.
8. in time 及时；终于；迟早
get there in time
当地震发生时，大家都在睡觉。
_____________________________，everyone was sleeping in bed.
9. break out (火灾/ 战争/ 地震等)爆发；发生
When the earthquake broke out
She _______________________________
(生了一个健康的男婴) last night.
10. give birth to 产生；分娩；引起；造成
gave birth to a healthy baby boy
It’s sb’s turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事
take turns to do sth 轮流做某事
11. in one’s turn 轮到某人；接着
⑴ 轮到我的时候，我给他们讲
了一个笑话。
In my turn, I told them a joke.

⑵ 轮到你看医生啦。
It’s your turn to see the doctor.
⑴ 因特网使我们有可能用很短的时间获知世界上发生的所有的事。
The Internet has _______________________ ____________ what happens around the world in much less time.
1. make it + adj. + for sb to do sth 使某人做起某事来……
made it possible for us to
get to know
⑵ 这本字典使我学习英语容易多了。

The dictionary _______________ ____________________ English.
makes it much
easier for me to learn
⑴ 我们明天是否野炊取决于明天是否天晴。
Whether we will have a picnic depends on whether it is fine tomorrow．

⑵ 我是否嫁给他取决于他是否爱我。
Whether I will marry him depends on whether he loves me.
2. whether…depend on whether…
某事是否发生取决于是否……