2019_2020学年牛津译林版选修8 Unit1 The written word1.2知识点课件(37张ppt)

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名称 2019_2020学年牛津译林版选修8 Unit1 The written word1.2知识点课件(37张ppt)
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版本资源 牛津译林版
科目 英语
更新时间 2019-08-25 19:06:56

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(共37张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Word power & Grammar and usage


一、写作词汇
预习该部分词汇,完成下列小对话。
1.—What do you think of the law?
—It should be        (改革).?
2.—The youth shouldn’t spend much time on the Internet.
—I can’t agree more.Many young people could not       (抵制) the spiritual pollution.?
3.—Have you heard the news that a teacher was hurt by his students?
—Yes.The incident brought the problem of        (暴力) in schools.?
4.—How long has it been since you         (重逢)??
—10 years.
reformed 
resist 
violence 
reunited


二、阅读词汇
预习该部分词汇,说出黑体词的含义。
1.Cigarettes are my only vice.
含义      ?
2.He is not poor,on the contrary,he is a millionaire.
含义        ?
3.Oliver’s mother died when he was born and he was brought up in a workhouse.
含义          ?
恶行 
百万富翁 
劳动救济所
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Grammar
English literature,especially English fiction,is of great significance in the literary world.(P7)
英国文学,特别是英国小说,在文学界具有重大意义。
句式剖析 该句使用了“of+n.”结构。该结构中的名词是抽象名词,相当于其名词相对应的形容词,说明被修饰成分具有某种特征或属性。常见的名词有use,importance,value,help,benefit,interest等,抽象名词之前可用great,no,some,little,any等修饰,以表示不同的程度。
★考点 “of+n.”结构
①I hope this information will be of use to you.
我希望这条信息对你有用。
②The research is of great interest to many people.
这项研究令许多人都极感兴趣。
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Grammar
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,指出黑体词组的构成及其含义。
③The two newly-built skyscrapers are of the same shape.
新建的两座摩天大楼形状一样。
构成 of+the same+抽象名词 含义 说明主语的特征?
④They are two of a kind.
他俩是一路货色。
构成 of+a+抽象名词 含义 说明主语的特征


“of+抽象名词”可转化为相应的形容词。常见名词:value,use,importance,help,interest等。它们可用no,some,any,little,much,great等词修饰。
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Grammar
答案:(1)of no help/not helpful (2)of great value/very valuable (3)of the same height

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Grammar
(4)这个问题很重要。
This question is                   .?
同义句改写
(5)Tom is as old as Jack.
Tom and Jack                        .?
答案: (4)of great importance/very important (5)are of the same age

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Grammar
Science fiction,romance and detective stories,like those about Sherlock Holmes,have great appeal to many young people.(P7)
科幻小说,爱情小说和像那些关于夏洛克·福尔摩斯的侦探小说都对许多年轻人有很大的吸引力。
★考点 appeal n.恳求;呼吁;上诉;吸引力
①This kind of music has great appeal to the children.
这种音乐对这些儿童有很大的吸引力。
②He made one last appeal to his father to forgive him.
他最后一次恳求父亲宽恕他。
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Grammar
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,写出黑体部分的词组及其含义。
③The company is appealing to everyone to save power and water.
公司正呼吁大家节约水电。
词组 appeal to sb.to do sth. 含义 呼吁某人做某事?
④Films of that sort have lost their appeal to me.
那种电影对我已经没有吸引力了。
词组 appeal to 含义 对……有吸引力?
⑤He made an appeal for help from anyone that was nearby.
他向附近的人求助。
词组 make an appeal for 含义 呼吁某事?
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Grammar
(1)appeal to (向某人)呼吁
appeal to sb.to do sth.呼吁某人做某事
(2)appeal n.吸引力;魅力;呼吁
appeal for呼吁,恳求;对……有吸引力
make an appeal for呼吁某事
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Grammar
完成句子
(3)爵士乐对我没有什么吸引力。
Jazz hasn’t much          me.?
(4)他们求助的呼吁未受到注意。
Their          help was ignored.?
(5)为建造这座桥,我们呼吁村民捐款。
We       the villagers for money to build the bridge.?
答案:(1)to (2)to;for (3)appeal to (4)appeal for
(5)made an appeal to/appealed to

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Grammar
Oliver gets arrested by the police and is taken to court.(P9)
奥利弗被警察逮捕并被送上了法庭。
句式剖析 句中的gets arrested是“get+过去分词”结构。该结构中get被用来代替be动词,和过去分词连用,构成被动结构,表示某一事件或事故的发生,着重强调动作的结果。
★考点 get+过去分词
①He got lost in the forest.
他在森林里迷了路。
②They planned to get married next year.
他们打算明年结婚。
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Grammar
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,写出黑体词组的含义。
③I’m afraid I haven’t got a very good sense of direction,so I easily get lost.
恐怕我的方向感很差,因此我容易迷路。
含义 迷路
④The girl got hurt on her way to school.
那个小女孩在上学的路上受了伤。
含义 受伤
⑤He got drunk,so I have to support him home.
他喝醉了,因此我不得不扶他回家。
含义 喝醉
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Grammar
get+过去分词,常有两种含义:
(1)表示被动
get hurt受伤;get burnt 烧伤;get beaten 被打;get caught/stuck in 被困;get separated 被分开;get punished 受惩罚
(2)表示处于某种状态或情况
get lost迷路;get paid 得到报酬;get drunk 喝醉;get washed 洗脸;get dressed 穿衣服;get changed 换衣服;get married结婚
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Grammar
get done相当于be done。但get done更着重指动作不可延续,因此不与表示一段时间的状语连用。
He has been married for 10 years.( √ )
He has got married for 10 years.( × )
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Grammar

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Grammar
Fagin and his group of criminals find him and drag him back into the life of crime,pressuring him with the threat of violence if he resists.(P9)
费金和他的犯罪同伙找到了他并拉他重新犯罪。如果他拒绝,就用暴力威胁逼迫他。
★考点 resist v.反抗,抵制,抵挡;使不受……的伤害
①They are determined to resist pressure to change the law.
他们决心顶住要求改革法律的压力。
②She could hardly resist laughing.
她忍不住笑起来。
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Grammar
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,写出黑体部分所包含的词组及其含义。
③Out of curiosity,I couldn’t resist taking a look at her diary.
出于好奇,我忍不住偷看了一眼她的日记。
词组 cannot resist (doing) sth. 含义 忍不住做某事?
④Club is resistant to any form of change.
该俱乐部反对任何形式的变革。
词组 be resistant to 含义 对……有抵抗力?
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Grammar
(1)resist表示“忍耐;忍住”,常用于否定句。
cannot resist (doing) sth.忍不住做某事
(2)resistance n.反抗;抵抗;抵抗力
make some/no resistance进行/不抵抗
(3)resistant adj.抵抗的;有抵抗力的
be resistant to对……有抵抗力
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Grammar
resist表示“忍住”,常与表否定意义的can’t/can hardly/be not able to连用,resist之后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式,而不接不定式。
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Grammar

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Grammar
Unless Oliver can escape,he will never be reunited with Mr Barnlow...(P9)
除非奥利弗能够逃脱,否则他将永远不能和巴恩洛先生再在一起……
★考点 reunite vi.& vt.(使)重逢,再相聚;(使)再结合;再联合
①It’s also a day for families to reunite.
这也是一个家人团聚的日子。
②She is trying her best to reunite with her father.
她想方设法与父亲团聚。
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Grammar
考点延伸?
阅读下列句子,写出黑体词组的含义。
③The lost girl finally reunited with her parents.
走失的女孩终于同父母重新团聚了。
词组 reunite with sb. 含义 和某人团聚


reunite with sb.和某人团聚
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Grammar

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Grammar
Grammar
否定词和否定陈述
一、否定词
1.英语中否定含义的表达形式多种多样,可以用not,no,never,neither,none,nobody,nothing,nowhere等否定词来表达否定之意。
We have not signed any agreement.
我们没有签署任何协议。
I have two pens,neither of which writes smoothly.
我有两支钢笔。一支也不好写。
Remember never to judge a book by its cover.
记住不要以貌取人。
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2.可以用hardly,scarcely,seldom,little,few等半否定词来表达否定之意。
He can hardly wait to go abroad.
他迫不及待地要出国。
Mary seldom gets chance to read.
玛丽很少有机会看书。
There are very few opportunities for promotion.
晋升的机会很少。
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3.可以用含否定意义的前缀de-,dis-,il-,im-,in-,ir-,non-,un-,under-等构成的词表达否定之意;也可以用后缀-less,-free等构成的词表达否定之意。
Today it is impossible to cure cancer completely.
目前要完全治愈癌症是不可能的。
Second,it is also useless to worry about the future.
其次,为未来而担忧也是没有用的。
4.其他表达否定意义的词组及固定搭配:far from,rather than,other than,free from,would rather...than...等。
The fortune set him free from financial worries.
这笔财富使他摆脱了财政上的担忧。
What he did is far from satisfactory.
他所做的事不能够令人满意。
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Grammar
答案:(1)neither (2)nobody (3)none 

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Grammar
—          (没什么大不了的).Mike can do it later.?
答案: (4)You won’t find (5)If you don’t (6)Nothing serious 

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单句填空
(7)It is not        (possible) for him to overcome all his bad habits.He is determined.?
(8)Don’t fuss up for the party,it’s very       (formal).?
答案: (7)impossible (8)informal

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二、否定句
1.全部否定
no,not,never,none,nobody,nothing,nowhere,neither...nor结构均表示完全否定,在汉语中体现为“绝对不”“没有”“远不(非)……”“一点也不”“根本不……”“无论如何也没有……”等。
None of my friends smokes.
我的朋友都不吸烟。
The book is nowhere to be found.
那本书哪儿也找不到。
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Grammar
2.部分否定
英语中一些含有总括含义的代词、形容词或副词,当用于否定句中时,只否定一部分,而不是完全否定。如all,everybody (everyone),everything,anyone (anybody),anything,anywhere,everywhere,always,quite,both,entirely,altogether等词与not连用时,在汉语中意为“……不全是……”,“不都是……”,“并非全都是……”,“不总是……”等。
He is not absolutely wrong.
他并不完全错。
Not everyone was for my plan.
并不是每个人都赞同我的计划。
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3.双重否定
双重否定表肯定,通常比肯定句的语气要重。译成汉语时可以译成肯定形式,也可以保持双重否定形式。用于表示双重否定的词或结构有:no...not;no/not...without;cannot but do(不得不);cannot help doing;cannot help but do;without doubt等。
We couldn’t (help) but do so.
我们只好这么做。
He can’t do without cigarettes for one day.
他一天烟也戒不掉。
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4.某些结构表达否定意义
(1)too...to(太……而不能)
He’s too weak to walk.
他身体太弱,走不了路。
(2)more A than B(与其B不如A),more than+含有can 的从句(不能)。
He is more brave than wise.
他有勇无谋。
Her rudeness is more than I can digest.
她的粗暴无礼我实在无法忍受。
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5.连词before,unless等引导的状语从句可以表达否定意义
He slipped out before the meeting started.
会议还没开始,他就悄悄地溜出去了。
Unless you work hard,you can’t learn English well.
除非努力,你学不好英语的。
6.虚拟语气可以表达否定意义
But for your advice,I should have failed.
要不是你的忠告,我会失败的。
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Grammar
答案:(1)both (2)unless (3)wouldn’t (4)hadn’t

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翻译句子
(5)这两本书都不是英国出版的。
(6)未经允许,任何人不得入内。
(7)不是所有的鸟都会飞。
(8)在我们班并非每个人都喜欢足球。
(9)与其说他有趣,还不如说他聪明。
(10)除非我被邀请,否则我不会去参加晚会的。
答案: (5)Neither of the books is published in England.
(6)Nobody can come in without permission.
(7)Not all birds can fly.
(8)Not everyone in our class likes football.
(9)He is more clever than funny.
(10)I won’t go to the party unless I’m invited.