中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2015-2019全国各地英语语法填空（原卷版）
（2019全国卷I）The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___62___ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modem methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut ___65___ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___66___ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ___67___ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___ (high) than they actually are. Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ___70___ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
(2019全国卷II)
A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for ___61___ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ___63___(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene ___64___(declare) she had no plans ___65___ (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said，“I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___67___ because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，“We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call ___68___ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was ___69___ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's ___70___ (wonder).”
（2019全国卷 III）
On our way to the house，it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ___62___ (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ___63___ dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and ___65___(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting ___66___(compete)to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many ___67___(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were ___68___ (huge)popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we ___69___(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
（2019浙江卷）
There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ___56___ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚). Everybody wears___57___ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or ___59___ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ___60___ (easy) see them.
But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ___61___ this question is not clear. One study in America found that students' grades ___62___ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want ___63___ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no ___64___(connect) between uniforms and school performance.
School uniforms are ___65___ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.
（2019北京卷A）
On the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I ___1___(voice)my biggest concern to my mother. “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously ___2___ (face) challenges. I know I will whisper to ___3___(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
（2019北京卷B）Earth Day，___4___(mark)on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated ___5___ 1970，the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区). No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various ___6___(activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree，make a meal with locally grown vegetables，or save power—the possibilities are endless.
（2019北京卷C）Does the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question ___7___(suggest)that，for most students，it doesn't. What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go. The students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life,taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(资源).Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and ___10___(meaning)college experience.
（2018全国I卷）
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 69 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.
（2018全国II卷）
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61 (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission (排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China’s approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.
（2018全国III卷）
I’m not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel 65 (challenge).
My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a 66 (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 (they) alive. True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean) me no real harm. He was just saying: “I’m king of this forest, and here is your reminder!” Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) and watch.
（2018浙江卷）
Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 56 (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 58 can be to eat out. I still remember 59 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I 60 (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
While regularly eating out seems to 61 (become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 62 (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 63 (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 64 (weigh) problems.
If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home __65__ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.
(2017全国卷Ⅰ)
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) 61????a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62????(effect)such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63????(process)the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64????(remove)from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 65????result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66????(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67????(be)full of fat and salt;by 68????(eat)more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 ????(care)not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70??? ?is not good for the health.
(2017全国卷Ⅱ)
In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61????(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62???? work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 63???? (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64??? ? top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines 65??? ?(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66??? ?(fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 67???? every day.
Later, engineers 68?? ??(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the 69??? ?(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 70? ???(success)of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.
(2017全国卷Ⅲ)
She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61??? ?(rest). Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as 62???? model in New York.
Sarah 63? ???(tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 64??? ?has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65?? ??(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66???? (educate).She has turned down several 67? ???(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68???? engineering or architecture.
Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69??? ?(come)
first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70???? (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more.”
(2016全国卷I)
Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top____61_ (attract).
So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I_____62_（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be __63___(official) given to me at a ceremony in London.But my connection with pandas goes back ____64__ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____65_ I was the first Western TV reporter__66___ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include ____67_(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _____68_ (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few __69__( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, __70____ other is with mum-she never suspects.
(2016全国卷II)
If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of 61 (great)and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 62 (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 63 (be) often acceptable.
Most of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive 65 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.
Recent 66 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 67 (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68 while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.
If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 69 (bring) your work home. It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, 70 (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
(2016全国卷III)
In much of Asia,especially the so-called＂rice bowl＂ cultures of China,Japan,Korea, 61 Vietnam,food is usually eaten with chopsticks.
Chopsticks are usually two long,thin pieces of wood or bamboo.They can also be made of plastic,animal bone or metal.Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might 62 (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 63 (create)special designs.
The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years.People probably cooked their food in large pots, 64 (use)twigs(树枝)to remove it.Over time, 65 the population grew,people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 66 (gradual)turned into chopsticks.
Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 67 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.,influenced the 68 (develop)of chopsticks.Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 69 (be)too violent for use at the table.
Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India,for example,most people traditionally eat 70 their hands.
(2016上海卷B)
Stress: Good or Bad?
Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now that we are used to talking about it, I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed.
In recent years, stress(33)______(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things, it is only too much stress(34)______ does you harm. It is time you considered that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little. If you are stuck at home with no stress, then your level of performance will be low. Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the (35)_____(good) your performance will be. Beyond a certain point, though , further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself (36)_______ number of questions. Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expected of (37)______, and yet find it impossible to say no? Do you find yourself getting impatient or(38) _____(annoy) with people over unimportant things?... If the answer to all those questions is yes, you had better(39)______(control ) your stress, as you probably are under more stress than is good for you.
To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various events. Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12,etc. If the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely (40)_______ (get )ill.
(2016四川卷)
The giant panda 41 (love) by people throughout the world.Chinese scientists 42 (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.She was a very 43 (care)mother.For 25days,she never left her baby,not even to find something 44 (eat)!She would not let any other pandas come near.She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean.Any smell might attract natural 45 (enemy)that would try to eat the little comforting pats.The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does. 46 it cried,she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats,The mother continued to care for the young panda 47 more than two years.By that time,the panda no longer needed 48 (it)mother for food.However,it stayed with her and leaned about the ways of the forest.Then,after two and a half years,the mother 49 (drive)the young panda away.It was time for her to have a new baby, 50 it was also time for the young panda to be independent.
（2015全国卷I）
Yangshuo, China
It was raining lightly when I 61 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours 62 , I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with 63 (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.
I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 64 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 65 (painting). Instead, I ‘d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away 66 car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.
Yangshuo 67 (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers 68 (conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 69 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 70 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
（2015全国卷II）
The adobe dwellings (土坯房) 61 （build）by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62 most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63 (able) to “air condition” a house without 64 ( use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 65 ( slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66 (cool) the house during the hot day; 67 the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle 68 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. As 69 (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 70 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
（2015湖南卷）
Research has become both simpler and more complex. It's simpler because, 48 you have computer, you can find information you need by searching the Internet. For all you information, you don't have to go to 49 library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it. Instead, you can find some sources from the Internet 50 print the copies needed. Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you 51 always rely just on the Internet for you research.
While finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become 52 complex. There is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed 53 the amount of information. You need to learn 54 to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project. Also, 55 need to check the accuracy of it.
（2015福建卷）
Sometimes we have disagreements with people. When this (76) h , the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument. Here (77 ) my tips for you.
The (78) f thing I would say is that the way you begin the conversation is very important.
Imagine you are a student and you share a flat (79) another student who you think isn't doing her share of the housework. If you say, "Look, you never do your share of the housework. (80) are you going to do about it?", the discussion will very soon turn into an argument. It's much more (81)______ (有帮助)to say something like, "I think we had (82) b have another look about how we divide up the housework. Maybe there is a better way of dealing with it. "
My second piece of (83) a is simple. If you're the person who is in the wrong, just admit it! This is the easiest and best way to avoid an argument. Just make an (84) (道歉)， and move on. The other person will have more respect for you (85) the future if you do that.
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2015-2019全国各地英语语法填空（解析版）
（2019全国卷I）The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___62___ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modem methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut ___65___ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___66___ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ___67___ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___ (high) than they actually are. Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ___70___ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
【答案】61. that 62. poorly 63. of/for 64. to perform 65. have report
66. belief 67. noting 68. higher 69. the 70. are
【语篇解读】本文为科普文类说明文，介绍了北极熊的生存现状。
61.考查名词性从句连接词。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence的内容，故填that。
62.考查词性转换。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。
63.考查固定短语。此处tracking polar bear populations作Modern methods的定语，用of 连接，“methods of doing sth.”,意为“…的方法”，构成固定结构。或者意为“对于跟踪北极熊的方法”用for。故填of/for。
64.考查动词不定式。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处用to perform。
65.考查时态。根据上下文语境，尤其是时间状语in recent years可知，主句用现在完成时态，故填have reported。
66.考查词性转换。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知，空格处为名词形式，故填belief。
67.考查介词+doing的形式。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填noting。
68.考查形容词比较级。根据其后than they actually are可知，此处为形容词的比较级，故填higher。
69.考查定冠词。此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。
70.考查考查主谓一致和时态。根据three are declining和one is increasing可知，此处数词six作主语，代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”，故用复数谓语，而且时态为一般现在时，故填are。
(2019全国卷II)
A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year” for ___61___ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ___63___(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene ___64___(declare) she had no plans ___65___ (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said，“I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___67___ because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，“We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call ___68___ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was ___69___ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's ___70___ (wonder).”
【答案】61. being 62. which 63. finally 64. declared 65. to retire
66. have made 67. but 68. saying 69. a 70. wonderful
【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。讲述了九十高龄的Irene作为英国最年长的全职员工，依然在宠物店做着朝九晚五的工作，没有退休的打算，她被颁发 “年度女士”称号。
61.考查介词+doing的形式。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。
62.考查非限制性定语从句关系代词。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。
63.考查词形变换。修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，用副词形式作状语，意为“最终得以认可”，故填finally。
64.考查时态。根据后文had 以及said 可知用一般过去时态，故填declared。
65.考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：艾琳宣称她没有计划从她36岁的生意中退休。不定式做定语常表示将来，用来修饰前面的名词plan，故填to retire。
66.考查时态。句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。根据从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，故填have made。
67.考查并列连词。句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。根据句意逻辑，此处为转折关系， “不是…而是 …”之意，故填but。
68.考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。
69.考查冠词用法。根据句意“我们还以为这是一个玩笑” 可知，此处joke为泛指，故填a。
70.考查词性转换。分析句子结构，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。
（2019全国卷III）
On our way to the house，it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ___62___ (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack ___63___ dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and ___65___(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting ___66___(compete)to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many ___67___(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were ___68___ (huge)popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we ___69___(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
【答案】61. so 62. to get 63. of 64. who 65. recommended 66. competition
67. traditional 68. hugely 69. were 70. listening
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了他们去夏威夷度假途中的经历以及到了主人家后收到的礼遇，主人热情招待他们，还在工作之余带他们参加了很多当地的活动。
61.考查so…that…结构。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“so…that…”意为“如此…以至于…”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。
62.考查固定句型。It take/took sb. some time to do sth .句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，此处应填非谓语动词，故填to get。
63.考查固定短语。“a pack of”意为“一群”。故填of。
64.考查定语从句关系代词。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故填关系代词who。
65.考查时态。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。故填recommended。
66.考查词性转换。由空格前的interesting形容词，修饰名词。故填competition。
67.考查词性转换。修饰名词stories，应用形容词，tradition的形容词为traditional，故填traditional。
68.考查词性转换。修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式，huge的副词为hugely，故填hugely。
69.考查时态和语态。句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。we 与动词invite之间是被动关系，用被动语态。故填were invited。
70.考查分词非谓语动词。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，现在分词做伴随状语，再由and前后连接两个并列的结构，故空格处填listening。
（2019浙江卷）
There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ___56___ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚). Everybody wears___57___ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or ___59___ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ___60___ (easy) see them.
But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ___61___ this question is not clear. One study in America found that students' grades ___62___ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want ___63___ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no ___64___(connect) between uniforms and school performance.
School uniforms are ___65___ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.
【答案】56. has/will have 57. the 58. that/which 59. cycling 60. easily 61. to
62. improved 63. to wear 64. connection/connections 65. traditional
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学生穿校服的几个好处。
56.考查时态。句意：当每个学生在校穿校服时，没有人会担心时尚问题。when引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，因此，主句可以使用将来时will do；根据语境可知，叙述的是客观事实，可用一般现在时，主语是nobody，谓语用has。故填will have/has。
57.考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与the连用修饰名词。故填the。
58.考查定语从句关系代词。这是限制性定语从句，先行词是cloth，指物，从句中缺少主语，因此，可以用that或which引导。故填that/which。
59.考查非谓语动词。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分，根据or前的walking可知，此处要用cycling。故填cycling。
60.考查词性转换。分析句式可知，修饰动词see，修饰动词要用副词，因此，用easy的副词形式。故填easily。
61.考查固定搭配。句意：这个问题的答案不清楚。the key/answer to ...是固定搭配，意为：“……的答案是……”。故填to。
62.考查时态。句意：美国的一项研究发现，在学校引入校服后，学生的成绩有所提高。本句是after引导的时间状语从句，前后时态保持一致，从句使用了一般过去式，主句用一般过去式。故填improved。
63.考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth想要做某事，故填to wear。
64.考查词性转换。句意：其他的美国研究表明校服和学校表现之间没有联系。no是形容词，形容词修饰名词，位于名词前，名词可用复数也可用单数形式。connect是动词，“联系”的意思，因此，要用其名词形式。故填connection/connections。
65.考查词性转换。句意：穿校服在英国是一个传统，但是一些学校开始允许学生上学不用穿校服。are是系动词，其后常用形容词作表语，tradition是名词，“传统”的意思，因此，用其形容词形式。故填traditional。
（2019北京卷A）
On the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I ___1___(voice)my biggest concern to my mother. “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously ___2___ (face) challenges. I know I will whisper to ___3___(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
【答案】1. voiced 2. facing 3. myself
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者一年级对交友感到困惑，妈妈的建议Be yourself让他受益终身。
1.考查时态。句意：我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧，“我将如何交朋友？”此处的voice是动词，“表达”的意思，作谓语。叙述的是一年级的事情，用一般过去式。故填voiced。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字““Be yourself”。分析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。
3.考查代词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字““Be yourself”。本句的主语是I，当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语要用反身代词。故填myself。
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
（2019北京卷B）
Earth Day，___4___(mark)on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated ___5___ 1970，the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区). No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various ___6___(activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree，make a meal with locally grown vegetables，or save power—the possibilities are endless.
【答案】4. marked 5. in 6. activities
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地球日这一节日的历史和意义。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：地球日于4月22日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析句式可知，设空处是要做名词Earth Day的后置定语，且两者之间是被动关系，要用过去分词。故填marked。
5.考查介词。句意：第一次庆祝是在1970年。如今，这一天的活动遍及190多个国家和地区。在年份前要用介词in。故填in。
6.考查词性转换。句意：无论你喜欢做什么，有一个方法可以让你参与地球日的各种活动。根据设空前的修饰词various可知，此处要用名词的复数形式。故填activities。
（2019北京卷C）
Does the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question ___7___(suggest)that，for most students，it doesn't. What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go. The students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life,taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(资源).Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and ___10___(meaning)college experience.
【答案】7. suggests/suggested/has suggested 8. where 9. who/that 10. meaningful
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。研究表明，大学的名气对学生来说并不重要，从大学生活中受益最多的是完全投入学术生活，充分利用大学机会和资源的学生。所以要以正确的态度来选择大学。
7.考查时态。句意：对于这个问题的研究表明，对于大多数学生来说，它不重要。这里表示研究的客观结果，所以用一般现在时，一般过去时或现在完成时均可，故填suggests/suggested/has suggested。
8.考查宾语从句引导词。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。
9.考查定语从句关系代词。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。___3___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词those，空格处在句中做主语，代指人，故填who或that。
10.考查词性转换。这里与前面的healthy并列，修饰后面的名词college experience，故此处也要用形容词。故填meaningful。
（2018全国卷I）
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 69 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.
【答案】61. longer 62. to see 63. dying 64. is 65. than 66. that / which 67. causes 68. strengthen 69. energetic 70. it / running
【语篇解读】本文为说明文。文章介绍了跑步对人们保持身体健康的好处。
61.longer 考查形容词比较级。句意:根据一份医学杂志中的证据报告,跑步者比非跑步者的寿命要长3年。根据题干中的than可知设空处需用副词比较级形式,故填longer。
62.to see 考查非谓语动词。句意:你不必为了弄清跑步带来的好处而跑得很快、很久。由句意可知,此处在句中作目的状语,主语you与动词see为主动关系,故填不定式的主动式to see。
63.dying 考查非谓语动词。句意:你可能饮酒、吸烟、超重,但你仍然可以通过跑步降低过早死亡的危险。介词(of)后需用动名词形式作宾语,根据提示词die可知设空处填dying。
64.is 考查主谓一致和时态。句意:虽然经常跑步不可能使你长生不老,但报告上说与走路、骑自行车或游泳相比,跑步对延长寿命更有效。设空处所在从句被用来介绍一种理论,需用一般现在时;再根据主语it及提示词be可知设空处填is。
65.than 考查介词。根据题干中的“more effective”可知设空处需填介词than,意为“比”。
66.that/which 考查定语从句关系代词。句意:该报告的其中两名作者在2014年还发表了一项研究,这项研究表明每天只跑步5至10分钟便可以降低患心脏病或由于各种原因导致过早死亡的危险。先行词为study,指“物”;将先行词代入定语从句后为:The study showed a mere 5 to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and...由此可见关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填that或which。
67.causes 考查名词的“数”。cause作“原因”讲,为可数名词;根据设空处前的all可知设空处填名词复数形式,故填causes。
68.strengthen 考查动词不定式。句意:为了避免膝盖疼痛,你可以在柔软的地面上跑步、锻炼以增强你的腿部肌肉……。设空处作目的状语,需用不定式形式,故在不定式符号to后填动词原形strengthen。
69.energetic 考查词性转换。设空处作表语,表示主语的特征,故填形容词energetic。
70.it/running 句意:如果你时间不充裕,你只需要花费其他运动一半的时间去跑步便可获得同样的收益,因此或许我们都应该试一试跑步。设空处作give的宾语,需填名词或代词,因此用it代替上文中的running或直接填running作宾语。
（2018全国卷II）
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61 (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission (排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China’s approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.
【答案】61. has grown 62. the 63. actually 64. to improve 65. than 66. pollution 67. global 68. started 69. that / which 70. feeding
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。自2011年以来,随着中国人的饮食结构的变化,在中国种植
玉米的数量显著增加,而种植水稻的数量下降了。
61.has grown 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:自2011年以来,中国种植玉米的数量超过了水稻。根据句中时间状语Since 2011可知,此处使用现在完成时,且主语为单数,故填has grown。
62.the 考查冠词。句意:在过去的25年里,玉米的产量已经激增了将近125%,而水稻的产量只增长了7%。over the past 25 years在过去的25年里。
63.actually 考查副词。句意:对于肉类的喜爱实际上是这一变化背后的原因:中国的玉米有很重要的一个作用就是,用来饲养鸡、猪和牛。此处需用副词作状语,故用actual的副词形式actually。
64.to improve 考查非谓语动词作状语。句意:玉米产量增长的另一个原因是:政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是水稻来提高水质。此处“提高水质”为鼓励农民种玉米的目的,故使用动词不定式作目的状语。
65.than 考查介词。句意:玉米用水量比水稻少,造成更少的化肥流失。根据句中的less可知,此处表示比较,故使用介词than。
66.pollution 考查名词。句意:这种变化已经减少了中国主要湖泊和水库的污染,使人们的饮用水变得更安全了。空格处作decreased的宾语,故使用pollute的名词形式pollution。
67.global 考查形容词。句意:根据世界银行的统计,中国占了全球化肥总消耗量的大约30%。空格处作fertilizer consumption的定语,故使用globe的形容词形式global。
68.started 考查时态。句意:中国农业部发现在2005年和2011年之间,化肥的使用减少了770万吨。2005年政府启动了土壤检测项目,它向农民推荐特定的化肥。关系副词when=in 2005,由此可知此处使用一般过去时。
69.that/which 考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词为program,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,故使用关系代词that或which。
70.feeding 考查非谓语动词作状语。名词China和动词feed构成逻辑上的主动关系,故使用现在分词作时间状语。
（2018全国卷III）
I’m not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel 65 (challenge).
My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a 66 (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 (they) alive. True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean) me no real harm. He was just saying: “I’m king of this forest, and here is your reminder!” Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) and watch.
【答案】61.who 62.the 63.loudest 64.looking 65.challenged 66.scientist
67.for 68.them 69.meant 70.to stay
【语篇解读】 本文为记叙文。作者讲述了自己和大猩猩的近距离接触。尽管大猩猩表现得很凶猛,但它们并非好斗的动物。
61.who 考查宾语从句引导词。此处表示“我不确定谁更感到害怕”。“is more frightened”为宾语从句,该从句缺少主语,故填who。
62.the 考查固定短语。句意:出乎意料的是,我正与那只大猩猩面对面,它开始声嘶力竭地尖叫。at the top of one’s lungs意为“声嘶力竭地”。
63.loudest 考查词性转换。句意:它尖叫的声音最大。根据句意及本句中的“of all”可知设空处填副词最高级,故填loudest。
64.looking 考查非谓语动词作宾语。句意:我迅速弯下身,低下头以避免直视它的眼睛以便它不会感到受到了挑战。动词avoid后须用动名词形式作宾语且look与主语I为逻辑上的主动关系,故填动名词looking。
65.challenged 考查非谓语动词作表语。主语he与challenge(挑战)为逻辑上的被动关系,故填过去分词形式challenged。
66.scientist 考查词性转换。句意:我是研究猿和猴子等动物的科学家。设空处作表语,说明主
语的身份;根据提示词science可知填scientist。
67.for 考查动词短语。句意:我正在搜寻这三只我一直在观察的西部低地大猩猩。search for为动词短语,意为“搜寻”。
68.them 考查代词。设空处指代从句中的the gorillas,以避免重复,故填them。
69.meant 考查时态。句意:大猩猩确实有不好斗的本性,那只巨大的动物并不是真的要伤害我。根据上下文可知,本空用一般过去时,故填meant。
70.to stay考查非谓语动词作宾补。 句意:一旦它的信息传递了,它就允许我待在那里观察(它们)。allow后须加不定式作宾补;又因为宾语me与stay为逻辑上的主动关系,故填to stay。
（2018浙江卷）
Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 56 (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 58 can be to eat out. I still remember 59 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I 60 (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
While regularly eating out seems to 61 (become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 62 (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 63 (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 64 (weigh) problems.
If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home __65__ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.
【答案】56.dishes 57． who/ that 58． It 59． visiting 60． was shocked
61．have become62.affordable 63．higher64． weight 65． for
【语篇解读】
56． dishes 考查词性转换。根据修饰词Chinese可知用可数名词的复数dishes，表示"中国菜"。
57． who/ that 考查定语从句的关系词。根据先行词Many westerners ，可知用关系代词who/ that做定语从句come to China的主语。
58． it 考查代词。代指做形式主语，代指动词不定式to eat out用代词it。
59． visiting 考查动名词的用法。做 remember 的宾语，用动名词visiting，表示"记得做过某事"。
60． was shocked 考查谓语动词的形式。本句表示"我很震惊"，所以做I 的谓语，用系表结构was shocked，表示主语"震惊的"状态．shocked是过去分词演化来的形容词。
61． have become考查动词不定式。本句表示"尽管有规律的外出就餐似乎已经成为许多年轻人的习惯"，所以做 seems的宾语，用动词不定式的完成式 to have become，表示"似乎已经成为"。
62． affordable 考查词性转换。做 eating out once or twice a week may be的表语，用形容词affordable表示"负担得起的"。
63． higher考查比较级。本句表示"你的身体会付出更大的代价"，所以本句表示和钱方面的一个比较，所以用比较级higher。
64． weight 考查词性转换。修饰名词problems，表示"健康方面的问题"，用名词weight。
65． for 考查介词。和动词 go to your mums' home呼应，用for ，表示目的。
(2017全国卷Ⅰ)
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) 61????a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62????(effect)such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63????(process)the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64????(remove)from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 65????result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66????(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67????(be)full of fat and salt;by 68????(eat)more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 ????(care)not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70??? ?is not good for the health.
【答案】61.as 62.effects 63.to process 64.are removed 65.a 66.worse
67.is 68.eating 69.careful 70.which
【语篇解读】为了应对肥胖和心脏病,医学界鼓励大家食用低脂肪、少盐的食物。但是如果过于极端的话,也会适得其反。
61.as 考查介词。医学界将其作为一种对抗心脏病的方法。as在此处作介词,意为“作为”。
62.effects 考查名词复数。这种趋势有些非计划的副作用,如超重和心脏病。side effect表示“副作用”,为可数名词,根据such as overweight and heart disease可知,副作用有多种,故填复数形式。
63.to process 考查非谓语动词。根据require sth. to do sth.(需要某物做某事)以及其被动形式可知此处填不定式结构。
64.are removed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:脂肪和盐分从食物中去除后,食物尝起来就好像缺失了什么东西。结合语境可知,状语从句中用一般现在时态,fat and salt作主语,与remove之间为被动关系,故用被动语态,谓语动词用复数。
65.a 考查冠词。句意:结果,人们会吃更多的东西来努力弥补所缺的东西。as a result结果。
66.worse 考查比较级。句意:更糟糕的是,人们所吃的快餐的量会上升。even worse更糟的是,此处与上句中提到的“eat more food”相比较,故用比较级。
67.is 考查时态和主谓一致。根据上下文可知,此处用一般现在时,主语为fast food,故系动词用is。
68.eating 考查非谓语动词。by在此处为介词,表示方式,故后面接动名词形式。
69.careful 考查词性转换。句意:然而,小心不要走极端。设空处在系动词be后,作表语,故用形容词。
70.which 考查定语从句。句意:和其他东西一样,两者都有可能食用过多,这对健康是没有好处的。设空处指代前面的一句话,引导非限制性定语从句,故填which。
(2017全国卷Ⅱ)
In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61????(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62???? work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 63???? (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64??? ? top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines 65??? ?(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66??? ?(fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 67???? every day.
Later, engineers 68?? ??(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the 69??? ?(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 70? ???(success)of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.
【答案】61.crowds 62.from 63.laying 64.the 65.were used 66.fairly 67.it 68.managed 69.introduction 70.successful
【语篇解读】 本文为记叙文,讲述了世界上第一条地铁——伦敦地铁的起源和铁路最初的发展历程。
61.crowds 考查名词。avoid“避免”后可跟名词或动名词作宾语。因为此空前有形容词terrible修饰,故排除动名词形式;crowd作“人群”解时,为可数名词,故需用复数形式。
62.from 考查固定短语。由语境可知此处指“上下班(to and from work)”。
63.laying 考查动名词作宾语。由上文中的included digging 和下文的and then building可知,此处为并列的动名词作included的宾语。
64.the 考查冠词。此处表特指,故需用定冠词修饰名词。
65.were used 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语Steam engines和use之间为被动关系,且由上文语境和下文的must have been可知叙述的是过去发生的事,故需用一般过去时的被动语态;又因主语是名词的复数形式,故be动词需用were。
66.fairly 考查词性转换。修饰形容词unpleasant需用副词形式，故填fairly。
67.it 考查代词。此处指代上文中提到的the railway,需用代词it。
68.managed 考查动词的时态。此处叙述的是过去的事情,需用一般过去时,故答案为动词的过去式。
69.introduction 考查词性转换。由空前的定冠词可知,此处需用名词形式,动词introduce去“e”加后缀-tion构成名词形式。
70.successful 考查词性转换。由“伦敦中心地铁是这些新铁路线中最成功的线路之一”可知句子的主干为主系表结构,此处为形容词作表语,the most暗示了答案。
(2017全国卷Ⅲ)
She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61??? ?(rest). Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as 62???? model in New York.
Sarah 63? ???(tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 64??? ?has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65?? ??(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66???? (educate).She has turned down several 67? ???(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68???? engineering or architecture.
Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69??? ?(come)
first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70???? (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more.”
【答案】61.resting 62.a 63.has been told/was told 64.who 65.to prove 66.education 67.invitations 68.in 69.comes 70.certainly
【语篇解读】 本文为记叙文。Sarah现在是一名在校生,她还是一名兼职模特。她的父亲建议她放弃学业做一名专职模特,但她却做出了不同的选择。
61.resting 考查非谓语动词。固定结构spend some time(in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。
62.a 考查冠词。句意:相反,她现在在纽约作为一名模特每天挣6,500英镑。model为可数名词，此处表示泛指,故填冠词a。
63.has been told/was told 考查时态和语态。句意:Sarah被告知她可以成为英国的一名新超模,第二年就可以有一百万美元的收入。根据语境可知Sarah与tell之间为被动关系,故用被动语态。此处既可以用一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作,也可以用现在完成时态,表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响。
64.who 考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Sarah,故填关系代词who。
65.to prove 考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.想要做某事。
66.education 考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词后面跟名词,故填education。
67.invitations 考查名词复数。根据several可知,此处应该填复数形式。
68.in 考查介词。a degree in...指“某专业的学位”,专业前用介词in。
69.comes 考查动词时态。由上下文语境以及时间状语at the moment可知,此处应该为一般现在时态,主语为第三人称单数,故填comes。
70.certainly 考查词性转换。设空处在句中作状语修饰形容词fun,故填副词。
(2016·全国卷I)
Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top____61_(attract).
So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I_____62_（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be __63___(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back ____64__ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____65_ I was the first Western TV reporter__66___ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include ____67_(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _____68_ (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few __69__( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, __70____ other is with mum-she never suspects.
【答案】61. attraction 62. was allowed 63. officially 64. to 65. when
66. permitted 67. introducing 68. its 69. days 70. the
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者作为特邀人员在四川成都的大熊猫基地的所见所闻。
61.attraction考查词性转换。句意：但是，像我这样的游客，熊猫是头等的有吸引力的事物。该空作are的表语，用名词，所以填attraction。
62.was allowed考查时态和语态。题干中表示“我被允许靠近这些可爱的动物”，“我”与“允许”之间是被动关系，用被动语态；作者在回忆往事，用一般过去时，所以填was allowed。
63.officially考查词性转换。该空修饰动词given，表示“官方地授予”，应该用副词，所以填officially。
64.to考查固定短语。句意：但是我与熊猫的联系追溯到二十世纪八十年代，我在电视节目中的日子。go back to追溯到，该短语是固定短语，所以填to。
65.When考查定语从句。后面是非限制性定语从句，从句缺少状语，因为先行词是时间，故填when。
66.permitted考查过去分词。permit的逻辑主语是the first Western TV reporter，它们之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，所以填permitted。
67.introducing考查常用结构。include后接动词，通常接动名词，所以填introducing
68.their考查物主代词。句意：在我最近的一次拜访中，我帮助了一个被它们的母亲拒绝的可爱的双胞胎之一。题干中表示“它们的母亲”，所以填their。
69.days考查固定短语。题干中表示“护理团队每隔几天就要把它和它的姐姐交换一下”，every few days每隔几天，该短语是固定短语，所以填days。
70.the考查固定用法。题干中表示“这样一个由人工喂养，另一个由熊猫妈妈喂养”，one …the other一个……另一个，该用法是固定用法，所以填the。
(2016全国卷II)
If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of 61 (great)and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 62 (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 63 (be) often acceptable.
Most of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive 65 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.
Recent 66 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 67 (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68 while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.
If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 69 (bring) your work home. It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, 70 (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
【答案】41. greater 42. achievement 43. is 44. on 45. as
46. studies 47. regularly 48. a 49. to bring 50. make
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。告诉我们党工作压力太大时候，应该怎么做合理释放压力。
61．greater??? 考查比较级。由于and之后的less使用的是little的比较级，并且根据并列连词and连接的前后两部分在形式上应保持一致，所以great也要使用比较级形式greater，意为“比较重要的以及不是那么重要的工作”；故填greater。
62．achievement?? ?考查名词。此处的“a?real?sense?of”意为：一种真正的…；通常用作定语来修饰名词；而此处achieve的名词形式。故填achievement。
63．is????考查句子结构和主谓一致。 通读全文可知，整篇文章使用的都是一般现在时，所以此处也应该使用一般现在时态；由于此处的主语是一个句子“Leaving?the?less?important?things?until tomorrow把不那么重要的事情留到明天做”，因此谓语动词用第三人称的单数形式，故填is。
65． on考查固定短语。“be focus on”是固定的短语，意为“专注于”；故填on。
65．as“考查固定搭配。短语as…as possible”为固定的表达，意为：尽可能..的干某事；故填as。
66．studies???考查名词单复数。 分析句意可知，此处的study是可数名词“研究”的意思；根据它后面的谓语动词show使用了原形可知，主语应该是复数形式，故填studies??。
67. regularly??考查词性转换。?regular是形容词：有规律的；该空缺处用来修饰动词短语take?short?breaks“短暂的休息”，所以应使用它的副词形式，意为：进行定期地短暂的休息；故填regularly。
68. a 考查固定短语。介词短语for a while一会；本句是指通过锻炼或做一些你喜欢的事情，让你的身体和思维休息一会。
69.to bring 考查形容词短语。形容词短语be likely to do sth可能做某事；你就不太可能把工作带回家去做，因为你找到了你喜欢做的事情。
70.make 考查祈使句。本句中动词短语make sure放在句首，构成祈使句。句意：要保证它是让你释放压力，而不是让你担忧的事。
(2016全国卷III)
In much of Asia, especially the so-called＂rice bowl＂ cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 41 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.
Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 42 (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43 (create)special designs.
The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 44 (use)twigs(树枝)to remove it. Over time, 45 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 46 (gradual)turned into chopsticks.
Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 47 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 48 (develop)of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 49 (be)too violent for use at the table.
Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 50 their hands.
【答案】41.and 42.be made 43.to create 44.using 45.as/when 46.gradually 47.who
48. development 49.were 50.with
【语篇解读】本文讲解筷子的起源。
41．and 考查并列连词。这里列举了一些亚洲国家的名字，是并列关系，故在最后两个名词之间用and来连接。
42．be made 考查固定词语搭配。be made of“由…制成”，句意：精美的筷子可能非由金银制成的筷子莫属，故填be made。
43.to create 考查不定式作目的状语。技术娴熟的工人会把各种各样的硬质木材和金属结合起来，以创造出特殊风格的筷子。用不定式表示目的，故填to create。
44.using 考查现在分词作伴随状语。人们可能使用大锅煮食物，用树枝把锅移开，use的逻辑主语是people，两者是主动关系，用现在分词表示伴随状语，故填using。
45.as/when 考查时间状语从句。句意：随着人口的增长，人们开始把食物切成小块，这样可以煮的快一点，这里是时间状语从句，when意为“当……时候”，故填as/when。
46.gradually考查词性转换。副词修饰动词或形容词，这里修饰动词短语turned into，应该用副词，故填gradually。
47.who考查非限制性定语从句。剧中有逗号，说明是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Confucius孔子，定语从句缺少主语，且指人，故填who。
48.development考查词性转换。the＋名词＋of，意为“……的……”，这里指“筷子的发展”，故填development。
49.were考查时态。根据句意可知，这里指的是刀子因太暴力而不适合在餐桌上使用，believed后跟一个宾语从句，and连接了两个并列的谓语，主语knives是复数，根据时态一致的原则，这里用一般过去时，故填were。
50.with考查介词。句意：在印度，大部分人还是用传统的吃饭方法－－用手拿，with＋表示具体工具的名词，故填with。
(2016·上海卷(B)
Stress: Good or Bad?
Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now that we are used to talking about it, I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed.
In recent years, stress(33)______(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things, it is only too much stress(34)______ does you harm. It is time you considered that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little. If you are stuck at home with no stress, then your level of performance will be low. Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the (35)_____(good) your performance will be. Beyond a certain point, though , further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself (36)_______ number of questions. Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expected of (37)______, and yet find it impossible to say no? Do you find yourself getting impatient or(38) _____(annoy) with people over unimportant things?... If the answer to all those questions is yes, you had better(39)______(control ) your stress, as you probably are under more stress than is good for you.
To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various events. Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12,etc. If the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely (40)_______ (get )ill.
【答案】33.?has?been?regarded??34.?that??35.?better?? 36.?a?? 37.?you?? 38.?annoyed?? 39.?control??40.?to?get
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，压力成为了我们生活中常见的一个词汇。文章告诉我们一定范围之内的压力能促进我们的工作，但一旦压力过大，就会给我们的生活带来很多负面的影响。
33.has been regarded? 考查时态语态。本句的时间状语是in recent years最近几年以来，该时间状语通常和现在完成时连用，且句子主语stress与动词regard构成被动关系，所以使用现在完成时的被动语态形式has been regarded。
34.that考查强调句型。强调句型的基本结构为It is/was被强调成分that/who其它成分；其最大的特点就是去掉it is/was…that/who…句子仍然成立。要注意强调句型能强调除谓语动词以为的所有的句子成分。本句强调的是句子主语only too much stress。
35.better? 考查固定句式“The+比较级.....， the+比较级”意为“越....就越.....”。本句句意：你承受的压力越大，你的表现就会越好。所以本空使用good的比较级形式better。
36.a? 考查固定短语。短语a number of许多，大量；该形容词短语通常做定语修饰可数名词复数形式，本句中使用a number of修饰可数名词复数形式questions。
37. you? 考查上下文串联。句意：例如，你是否感觉到对你期待得太多了？本句的主语是you，所以仍然使用宾格you作为介词of的宾语。
38.annoyed? 考查形容词。形容词annoyed恼怒的，该词是由过去分词转换而来的形容词，通常修饰人。本句中该词和impatient构成并列关系一起和系动词get构成系表结构。
39. 考查固定搭配。动词短语had better do sth最好做某事；“had better”是情态动词，后面要接动词原形。
40.to get 考查形容词短语。短语be likely to do sth可能做某事；句意：如果你生活中的压力超过150，你就非常有可能生病了。
(2016·四川卷)
The giant panda 41 (love) by people throughout the world. Chinese scientists 42 (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. She was a very 43 (care)mother. For 25days,she never left her baby, not even to find something 44 (eat)!She would not let any other pandas come near. She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean. Any smell might attract natural 45 (enemy)that would try to eat the little comforting pats. The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does. 46 it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats, The mother continued to care for the young panda 47 more than two years. By that time, the panda no longer needed 48 (it)mother for food. However, it stayed with her and leaned about the ways of the forest. Then, after two and a half years, the mother 49 (drive)the young panda away. It was time for her to have a new baby, 50 it was also time for the young panda to be independent.
【答案】41.is loved 42.recently 43.caring/careful 44.to eat 45.enemies
46.When/If 47.for 48.its 49.drove 50.and
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是熊猫妈妈和她的孩子的故事。
41. is loved考查动词时态语态。句意：大熊猫被全世界的人们所喜爱，熊猫和喜爱是被动关系，这是事实，故要使用一般现在时 . 故填is loved?。
42. recently.考查副词。观察句子结构可知，科学家最近有机会研究生下宝宝的野生大熊猫，用副词修饰动词“有”，故填recently。
43. caring/careful?考查词性转换。句意：这只大熊猫妈妈对幼崽是很关爱的，用形容词修饰mother，care有两个形容词caring 关爱的、careful小心的。故填caring/careful。
44. to eat考查不定式。句意：甚至不去找吃的东西。此处是动词不定式放在不定代词后面作后置定语，故填to eat。
45. animals.考查名词单复数。句意：熊猫妈妈舔幼崽去除幼崽身上的气味，任何气味都会招惹危险动物们来伤害幼崽，危险动物有很多，故填animals。
46. When/If.考查从句连词。观察句子结构可知，当幼崽哭了或者如果幼崽哭了，句首第一个字母大写，故填When/If。
47. for.考查介词。熊猫妈妈继续照看孩子超过两年，介词for加时间，表示一段，故填for。
8. its.考查代词。观察句子结构可知，它的妈妈，用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填its。
49. drove.考查动词时态。本文主要呈现科学家对熊猫妈妈的观察研究，用过去时，驱赶孩子离开，故填drove。
50. and 考查连词。句意：现在是她该有一个小宝宝的时间了，同时也是小熊猫该独立的时间了。此处表示并列，是一个并列句，故填and。
（2015全国卷I）
Yangshuo, China
It was raining lightly when I 61 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours 62 , I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with 63 (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.
I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 64 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 65 (painting). Instead, I ‘d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away 66 car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.
Yangshuo 67 (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers 68 (conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 69 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 70 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
【答案】61. arrived 62. before/earlier63. its64. that/which65. Paintings 66. by 67. is 68. conducted 69. regularly70. living
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者到中国阳朔游玩的经历和感受。
61. arrived 考查时态。句意：就在天亮之前我到了阳朔，天下着小雨。根据前后句时态可知用一般过去时。
62. before/earlier 考查副词。句意：几个小时前，我在香港家里。注意不可以用ago。
63. its 考查名词所有格。句意：带着窒息的烟雾。后面为名词，故用it’s。
64. that/which考查定语从句。句意：漓江被许多艺术家所绘画。先行词为Li River，在从句中作主语 .
65. paintings 考查名词。句意：在如此多的中国绘画中。painting为可数名词，注意用复数形式。
66. by 考查介词。句意：乘汽车只需要1个小时。by car乘汽车。
67. is 考查时态。句意：阳朔真的很漂亮。这里用一般现在时。
68. conducted考查非谓语动词。句意：一项网站所进行的调查。过去分词作后置定语，表示被动关系。
69. regularly 考查词性转换。句意：定期为人们安排这里适合旅行的地方。修饰动词，用副词修饰。
70. living 考查分词。句意：住在上海和香港的人们。现在分词作后置定语。
（2015全国卷II）
The adobe dwellings (土坯房) 61 （build）by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62 most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 63 (able) to “air condition” a house without 64 ( use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 65 ( slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66 (cool) the house during the hot day; 67 the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle 68 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. As 69 (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 70 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
【答案】61.built 62.the 63.ability 64.using 65.slowly 66.to cool 67.at 68.goes 69.natural 70.how
【语篇解读】讲述土坯房比现在的房子好在冬暖夏凉。现代的建筑师都很羡慕这样的房子不用空调就能很好地调节室内的温度，不过关键是这房子的墙的厚度。
61．built?????考查非谓语动词。“___by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest”是定语，修饰the adobe dwellings，the adobe dwellings和build之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。
62．the???????考查定冠词。Most modern是最高级，最高级前要加定冠词the。
63．ability???考查词性转换。their是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词．故该空要填名词ability。
64．using?????考查非谓语动词。without是介词，后面跟动名词作宾语。
65．slowly????考查词性转换。修饰动词heat，用副词。
66．to cool???考查非谓语动词。“sb．/sth．be+adj．+enough+to do sth．”是固定句式，意为“某人/某物足够做某事”。故该空要填to cool。
67．at??????? 考查介词。“at the same time”意为“与此同时”，是固定短语。
68．goes?????考查主谓一致和时态。结合上下文语境可知，该句是对这种自行车的介绍，故要用一般现在时．且主语为this bicycle（第三人称单数），根据主谓一致原则，该空要填goes。
69．natural??考查形容词。修饰名词architects，要用形容词。
70．how?????考查名词性从句。句意：美国西南部印第安人们清楚土坯墙需要多么厚，才能最好地保证房内冷热的循环。“____thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days”是figure out的宾语从句。由句意可知，该从句要用how引导。how修饰形容词thick，意为“多么”。
（2015湖南卷）
Research has become both simpler and more complex. It's simpler because, 48 you have computer, you can find information you need by searching the Internet. For all you information, you don't have to go to 49 library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it. Instead, you can find some sources from the Internet
50 print the copies needed. Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you 51 always rely just on the Internet for you research.
While finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become 52 complex. There is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed 53 the amount of information. You need to learn 54 to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project. Also,
55 need to check the accuracy of it.
【答案】48．If 49．the 50．And 51．shouldn’t 52．more 53．with 54．how 55．You
【语篇解读】这是一篇科普阅读短文。文章主要讲述如何对要做研究的数据、信息经过收集和筛选。
48.if考查连词。作者开头所说的研究变得简单且复杂，然后根据后文的you can find information you need by searching the Internet.可知作者想分别说简单之处和复杂之处分别在哪，作者首先说了简单之处在哪。句意：如果你有电脑，你就你能够通过上网找到你需要的信息。故填if。
49.the考查固定词组。Go to the library去图书馆。句意：你所要的信息，都不需要去图书馆找相关资料，做笔记。故填the。
50.and考查连词。find resource和print the copies是并列关系，用and连接。句意：相反，你可以从网上找到你想要的资料然后将它们打印下来。故填and。
51.shouldn’t考查情态动词。根据前文作者告诉我们：你应该从不同的方面找不同类型的资料。句意：那就是说，你不应该常常依赖于互联网。故填shouldn’t。
52.more考查形容词比较。根据文章的第一段开头：Research has become both simpler and more complex.可知第一段说完研究变得更简单后，此段开始陈述研究的复杂之处，故填more。
53.with考查固定词组。be overwhelmed with忙着做…；句意：有很多的材料都很适合你的研究，这就意味着你将忙于筛选各种信息。故填with。
54.how考查宾语从句连接词。句意：你需要知道怎样从中筛选出对你研究有用的相关信息。根据句意，故填how。
55.you考查代词。根据分析，此句缺少主语，故填you，而不是其他代词，因为上一句的主语是you，且有also作为连接。句意：当然，你也需要去求证它们的准确性。故填you。
（2015福建卷）
Sometimes we have disagreements with people. When this (76) h , the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument. Here (77 ) my tips for you.
The (78) f thing I would say is that the way you begin the conversation is very important.
Imagine you are a student and you share a flat (79) another student who you think isn't doing her share of the housework. If you say, "Look, you never do your share of the housework. (80) are you going to do about it?", the discussion will very soon turn into an argument. It's much more (81)______ (有帮助)to say something like, "I think we had (82) b ____have another look about how we divide up the housework. Maybe there is a better way of dealing with it. "
My second piece of (83) a is simple. If you're the person who is in the wrong, just admit it! This is the easiest and best way to avoid an argument. Just make an (84) (道歉)， and move on. The other person will have more respect for you (85) the future if you do that.
【答案】76.happens 77.are 78.first 79.with 80.what 81.helpful/beneficial
82.better 83.advice 84.apology 85.in
76.happens考查时态。happen意思是发生，前面的this代指前一句中的和别人发生分歧。因为该句是一般现在时，而且主语是this所以谓语动词应该用第三人称单数。该句意思为：当这种情况发生了，重要的事情就是不要让一场平静的讨论变成热力的争论。
77.are考查固定结构。固定结构Here are……表示这里有……，该句意思为：这里是一些给你的小建议。
78.first考查形容词。因为该空前有冠词the该空后有名词thing，所以中间只能是形容词或者副词。因为该句是第二段的第一句，并且后文中有表示层次的词second，所以可以推断这里应该是first。
79.with考查固定短语。固定短语Share with意思是和…分享。该句意思为：想象你是一个学生并且和其他一个你认为她不愿意做她那份家务的学生合租一间公寓。
80.what考查特殊疑问句引导词，what引导的是一个特殊疑问句，表示什么。该句意思为：看看，你从来不做家务，你究竟打算怎么做？
81.helpful/beneficial考查词性转换。根据所给提示有帮助的，helpfu或者beneficial都有有利于的意思。该句意思为：这样说就比较有帮助（不破坏关系）……
82．better 考查固定短语，had better do sth表示最好做什么。该句的意思为：我认为我们最好再看看，怎么划分家务比较好。
83．advice 考查不可数名词词义．由上下文可知，这里是作者提到的第二个建议，故为advice，advice表示“建议，忠告”时一般不可数，常用piece of…来限定，不添加s。
84．apology 考查动词短语．根据汉语提示，以及前面的make an_____，可知需填入一个名词“道歉”，因而答案为apology。
85.in考查固定短语。固定短语In the future表示在未来。该句意思为：如果你那样做，在未来，一些人会对你更加尊敬。
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