专题十四 非谓语动词 1
专题十四 非谓语动词
对应学生用书起始页码 P295
考点一 非谓语动词概述
一、非谓语动词形式
主动形式 被动形式
肯定式
不定式
to do, to be doing,
to have done, to
have been doing
to be done, to
have been done
?ing 形式 doing, having done
being done,
having been done
过去分词 done
否定式
以上肯定形式前加 not,如:not to do, not doing, not to
be done, not having done 等
复合
结构
动名词 名词所有格、形容词性物主代词+动名词
不定式 for sb. / sth. to do
二、非谓语动词句法功能
主语 宾语 补语 表语 定语 状语
不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √
动名词 √ √ √ √
分词 √ √ √ √
考点二 非谓语动词作宾语
一、下列动词一般用不定式作宾语
口诀 解释 例句
决心 学 会 想
希望
decide / determine,
learn, want,
expect / hope / wish
拒绝 设 法 愿
假装
refuse, manage,
care, pretend
主动 答 应 选
计划
offer, promise,
choose, plan
同意 请 求 帮
一帮
agree,
ask / beg, help
She pretended not to see
me when I passed by.当
我经过时,她假装没看
见我。
We agreed to meet here
but so far she hasn????t
turned up yet.我们约好了
在此地见面,但是她到现
在还没有露面。
此外,afford, strive, happen(碰巧), wait, threaten 等也
要用不定式作宾语。
二、下列动词或词组一般用动名词作宾语
口诀 对应动词(词组) 例句
考虑建议
盼原谅
consider, suggest / advise,
look forward to, excuse /
pardon
承认推迟
没得想
admit, delay / put off,
fancy(想象,设想)
避免错过
继续练
avoid, miss, keep /
keep on, practice
否认完成
就欣赏
deny,finish,enjoy /
appreciate
禁止想象
才冒险
forbid,imagine,risk
不禁介意
准逃亡
can????t help, mind,
allow / permit,
escape
The squirrels were lucky that
they just missed being
caught.松鼠们很幸运没有
被抓住。
I would appreciate your
calling back this afternoon.
我对你今天下午回电话表
示感谢。
I can hardly imagine Peter
sailing across the Atlantic
Ocean in five days.我几乎
不能想象彼得在五天之内
横渡大西洋。
He got well?prepared for the
job interview, for he couldn????t
risk losing the good
opportunity.他为这次工作面
试做了充分准备,因为他不
能冒失 去 这 次 好 机 会 的
风险。
注意:allow, permit, forbid, advise, consider 后需加动名
词作宾语,但如果后面有名词或代词作宾语,则用不定式作
宾补。
搭配 例句
allow
permit
forbid
advise
consider
ü
?
?
?
??
?
?
+
doing sth.
(动名词作宾语)
sb.to do sth.
(不定式作宾补)
ì
?
í
?
?
??
We don????t allow smoking in the
hall.我们不准在大厅内吸烟。
Smoking is forbidden here but
you are allowed to smoke over
there.这里禁止吸烟,但你可以
去那里吸。
三、作介词的宾语
无论是普通介词还是含介词的动词短语一般情况下要
用动名词形式作宾语。
If you insist on doing something, do it everyday.
如果你坚持做某件事,那就每天做。
After finishing his share of the work he went to help the
others.
他完成了自己的那部分工作以后, 又去帮助别人。
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2 5年高考 3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
注意:
1.to既可以作介词,又可以作不定式符号,因此要牢记含
介词 to的常用短语。
含介词 to 的短语 例句
be used to(习惯于)
be accustomed to(习惯于)
be opposed to(反对)
object to(反对)
lead to(导致)
be devoted to(献身于)
come close to(差不多)
stick to(坚持,坚守)
get down to(着手)
pay attention to(注意)
reduce sb. / sth. to(使沦为)
ü
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
doing
He is used to getting up
early.他习惯了很早起床。
Heart failure can sometimes
lead to being killed.心力衰
竭有时可能会导致死亡。
I was so angry that I came
close to hitting him.我如此
生气以 至 于 差 点 儿 打 他
一顿。
He was reduced to begging
in the street.他沦落到沿街
乞讨。
2.可将介词 in省略的短语、句型
可将介词 in省略的短语、句型 例句
spend...
have difficulty
have a...time
} ( in)doing
I had no difficulty ( in )
making myself understood.
我毫不费力地表达了自己
的意思。
用所给词的适当形式填空
① I don????t know whether you happen to have heard
(hear), but I????m going to study in the U. S. A. this September.
② The discovery of new evidence led to the thief
being caught (catch) .
③The man insisted on finding ( find) a taxi for me even
though I told him I lived nearby.
④According to a recent U. S. survey, children spend up to
25 hours a week watching (watch)TV.
⑤ Isn????t it time you got down to marking ( mark) the
papers?
四、下列动词或词组既可以跟动名词作宾语,也可以
跟不定式作宾语,但意义上有区别
用法 例句
remember
to do sth.记着要做某事
(do 后于 remember)
doing sth.记得已经做过某事
(do 先于 remember)
ì
?
í
?
?
??
forget
to do sth.忘记要做某事
(do 后于 forget)
doing sth.忘记做过某事
(do 先于 forget)
ì
?
í
?
?
??
regret
to say / tell / inform...
遗憾地说 / 告诉 / 通知……
(say / tell / inform 后于 regret)
doing sth.后悔做过某事
(do 先于 regret)
ì
?
í
?
??
?
?
Remember to lock the door.
记得锁门。
I remember locking the door.
我记得把门锁上了。
ì
?
í
??
??
I stopped digging and looked at
him.
我停下不再挖,看着他。
He stopped to look at him.
他停下来为的是看着他。
( to look at 作目的状语)
ì
?
í
?
?
?
?
??
Try doing more exercise,
and you will lose weight.
试着多运动,你就会减肥了。
I will try to improve my habit.
我将努力改进我的习惯。
ì
?
í
?
?
?
?
续表
用法 例句
stop
to do sth.(作状语)停下来做
另外一件事
doing sth.停下正在做的事
{
try
to do sth.努力做某事
doing sth.试着做某事{
mean
to do sth.打算做某事
doing sth.意味着做某事{
can????t help
to do sth.不能帮助做某事
doing sth.情不自禁做某事{
Raising salary means increasing
purchasing power.
涨工资意味着提高购买力。
He didn????t mean to hurt you.
他并没打算伤害你。
ì
?
í
?
?
?
?
She couldn????t help bursting
into tears.
她禁不住热泪盈眶。
That can????t help to improve
your English.
那对你提高英语水平没有帮助。
ì
?
í
?
?
?
?
??
五、need,want,require 既可以用动名词也可用不定
式作宾语,但用法不同
用法 例句
Sb.
need(s)(需要)
want(s)(想要){ } to do sth.
Sth.
need(s)
want(s)
require(s)
{ } + doing(主动形式表被动)
to be done
{
He needs to leave at
once.他需要立即离开。
The window needs cleaning/
to be cleaned.这扇窗户
需要擦一下。
六、deserve,be worth,be worthy(of)既可以用动名
词也可用不定式作宾语,但用法不同
用法 例句
deserve+
doing
to be done{
be worthy
to be done
of being done{
be worth doing(主动形式表被动)
ì
?
í
?
??
?
?
The place is worth visiting.
=The place is worthy to be
visited. = The place is
worthy of being visited.这
个地方值得参观。
七、动词不定式在介词 but, other than 后面时,如果
介词之前有行为动词 do的某种形式,那么介词后的不定
式不带 to,否则就要带 to。
(1)We could do nothing but / other than wait.
(2)We had nothing to do but / other than wait.
(3)We had no choice but to wait.
考点三 非谓语动词作定语
一、不定式作定语
1.当名词被序数词或 the only, the next, the last, the
right修饰,且该名词是作定语的非谓语动词的执行者时,用
不定式主动形式作定语。
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the
Olympic Games.
她是第一个在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。
He was the only one to survive the plane crash.他是这次
空难中唯一的幸存者。
2.有些名词的同源动词常跟不定式作宾语,而这些名词
也常跟不定式作定语,常见的有: wish, decision, refusal,
arrangement, intention, agreement, hope, need, plan,
promise, failure,attempt,offer,warning等。
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专题十四 非谓语动词 3
例句 比较
I don????t trust his promise to come
for a visit. 我不相信他来访的
诺言。
He promised to come for a
visit.
He said he had no plans to go
there.他说他没有要去那里的
计划。
He didn????t plan to go there.
He made an attempt to stand up.
他试图站起来。
He attempted to stand up.
3.有些名词的同源形容词常跟不定式作状语,而这些名
词也 常 跟 不 定 式 作 定 语, 常 见 的 有: ability, anxiety,
eagerness, willingness, readiness, patience, obligation,
determination等。
例句 比较
His eagerness to get back home
was quite obvious.很明显他急于
回家。
He was eager to get back
home.他急于回家。
A good teacher must have the
ability to make himself
understood.一个好教师必须有把
自己的知识讲明白的能力。
He is able to make himself
understood.他有能力把自己的
知识讲明白。
4.有些名词常用不定式作定语说明其内容,它们是:
chance, opportunity, reason, way, effort, measure,
movement, power, right, skill, strength, struggle, idea等,
不定式可以换成 of + doing。
He has a strange way to make his classes lively and
interesting.
He has a strange way of making his classes lively and
interesting.
他有一个奇怪的方法使他的课既生动又有趣。
5.中心词是作定语的不定式的动作的执行者,动词不定
式所表示的动作一般后于谓语动词或在将来发生。
He had no photographs to remind him of the past. 他没有
照片来使他回顾过去的事情。 ( remind 后于 had)
Is there anybody to carry on the work? 有人要继续这项
工作吗? ( to carry on 表示将来)
6.have sth. to do与 have sth. to be done的区别
相同处 区别 例句
都 有 “ 有
……要做”
的意思,不
定 式 必 须
是 及 物 动
词 或 相 当
于 及 物 动
词的短语
have sth. to
do 句型中, to
do 的执行者
是 句 子 的
主语
I have a letter to post, so I can????t
go swimming with you.我有一封信
(需要我)要寄出,因此我不能和
你一起去游泳。
She has a lot of things to attend to.
她有许多事情(需要她)处理。
have sth. to
be done 句型
中,to be done
的执 行 者 不
是主 语 而 是
另有其人
I have a letter to be posted. Can
you help me? 我有一封信想让别
人替我寄出去,你能帮我一下吗?
“Do you have any clothes to be
washed?” asked the maid.女仆问:
“您有衣服要洗吗?”
注意:作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词,或者不定式
所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等,不定式
后面需有相应的介词。
The Browns have a comfortable house to live in.
布朗一家有一幢舒适的房子可以居住。
Do you have a cup to drink water with? 你有用来喝水
的杯子吗?
但是,不定式所修饰的名词如果是 time,place 或 way 时,
不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。
He had no place to live.
他没有地方住。
单句填空
①They made a decision to put off (put off) the meeting
until next week.
②There is no need to build (build) a dam on the small
river.
③Her eagerness to work (work) will please the boss.
④I want to buy a brush to paint with .
二、分词作定语
1.及物动词分词形式作定语
形式 用法 例句
v.?ing
被修饰的名词与非
谓语动词为逻辑上
的主动 关系, v.?ing
形式表示特征
I have never seen a more
moving movie.我从未看过
更动人的电影了。
being done
被修饰的名词与非
谓语动词为被动关
系且表正在进行
The houses being built are
for the teachers.正在建的那
些房子是为老师建的。
done
被修饰的名词与非
谓语动词为被动关
系,表已经完成或表
状态
“ Things lost never come
again!” I couldn????t help
talking to myself. 我不禁自
言自语道:“覆水难收啊!”
2.不及物动词分词形式作定语
形式 用法 示例
v.?ing 正在进行
过去分词 已经完成
boiling water 正沸腾的水
boiled water 白开水{
falling leaves 正在下落的叶子
fallen leaves 落叶{
developing countries 发展中国家
developed countries 发达国家{
3.英语中有些表示感觉的动词,其现在分词形式表示
“令人……的”,过去分词形式表示“感到……的”。
an exciting voice 令人兴奋的声音
an excited voice 兴奋的声音{
a puzzling expression 令人困惑的表情
a puzzled expression 困惑的表情{
用所给动词的适当形式填空
⑤He was reading a book written ( write ) by Mark
Twain.
⑥The man talking ( talk) to Tim is his uncle.
三、动名词作定语
动名词作定语,用来说明被修饰词的用途。
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4 5年高考 3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
a fishing net 渔网( = a net for fishing)
a swimming pool 游泳池( = a pool for swimming)
四、to be done,being done和 done作定语的区别
形式 用法 例句
to be done
表 被 动、
将来
The question to be discussed at
tomorrow????s meeting is very important.
明天在会上将要讨论的问题非常
重要。
being done
表被动、正
在进行
Listen! The song being sung is very
popular with the students.听! 正唱着
的这首歌非常受学生们的欢迎。
done
表 被 动、
完成
Have you read the novel written by
Dickens? 你读过狄更斯写的这部小
说吗?
用所给动词的适当形式填空
⑦There are still many problems to be solved ( solve)
before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
⑧ Prices of daily goods bought ( buy ) through a
computer can be lower than store prices.
考点四 非谓语动词作主语、表语
一、不定式、动名词作主语、表语的区别
非谓语动词 用法 例句
不定式
表示具体的动
作,尤其是某一
次的动作
Your task today is to wash the
curtains. 你 今 天 的 任 务 是 洗
窗帘。
To play with fire will be
dangerous.玩火会很危险。
动名词
多指抽象的、概
念性的动作,可
以是多次的、经
常性的行为
His favorite sport is swimming.
他最喜欢的运动是游泳。
Playing with fire is dangerous.玩
火危险。
二、下列句型中常用动名词作主语
It is / was+
no use / good
not any use / good
of little use / good
worth
ì
?
í
?
?
?
?
ü
?
?
?
?
?
?
+doing sth.
It is worth making an appointment before you go.
去之前预约一下是值得的。
三、下列句型中常用不定式作主语
It+be+某些名词
It takes sb.+some time
It+be+
difficult / easy / important /
impossible / necessary...
for sb.
It+be+
careless / clever / foolish /
silly / stupid / honest /
kind / lazy / wise...
of sb.
ü
?
?
?
?
?
??
?
?
?
??
to do sth.
How long did it take you to finish the work? 你花了多长
时间完成这项工作的?
It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in an
hour.我们难以在一小时内完成这篇作文。
It is stupid of you to write down everything ( that) the
teacher says.你把老师说的所有东西都记下来是很愚蠢的。
四、现在分词、过去分词作表语的区别
非谓语动词 作表语的用法 例句
现在分词
表特 征, 意 为:
令人……的
The film is exciting.这部电影激
动人心。
过去分词
表状 态, 意 为:
感到……的
He was excited at the news.听到
这个消息他激动不已。
五、非谓语动词作 remain的表语
主语+remain
+
doing
done{ } 意为:仍然是( remain=be still...)
+to be done 意为:仍需被做
{
She remained standing ( = was still standing) though we
repeatedly asked her to sit down.
虽然我们三番五次地请她坐下,但她还是站着。
The true author of the book remains unknown( = is still
unknown) .
这本书真正的作者依然不详。
Much remains to be done.许多事仍需去做。
用所给动词的适当形式填空
① It????s standard practice for a company like this one
to employ (employ)a security officer.
②As we joined the big crowd I got separated (separate)
from my friends.
③The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain
seated (seat)as the plane was making a landing.
考点五 非谓语动词作状语
一、不定式、分词作状语的基本原则
不定式、分词作状语时,不定式、分词的逻辑主语必须与
句子的主语保持一致,即不定式、分词作状语必须和句子主
语含有逻辑上的主动或被动关系,否则一般不能使用不定
式、分词作状语。
二、不定式作状语
1.不定式作目的状语
形式 位置 例句
to + 动 词
原形
句首,句中
in order to+
动词原形
句首,句中
so as to+动
词原形
句中
In order to / To make a study of
kangaroos, he went to Australia.为了
研究袋鼠,他去了澳大利亚。
Her mother plans to fly to Beijing at
least four times a year so as to / in
order to / to visit her.她母亲计划每年
至少四次飞到北京来看她。
2.不定式作结果状语
形式 意义 例句
to + 动 词
原形
结果……
What have I done to offend you? 我
做什么了结果把你冒犯了?
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专题十四 非谓语动词 5
续表
形式 意义 例句
only to+动
词原形
结 果 却
……(表示
意 外 的 或
事 与 愿 违
的结果)
Jane hurried back only to find that her
mother had left.简匆忙赶回来却发现
她的母亲已经离开了。
so+形容词
或副词+ as
to + 动 词
原形
如 此 ……
以至于
I????m not so stupid(a fool) as to write
it down.我不至于愚蠢到会把它写
下来。
such+名词
+ as to +动
词原形
如 此 ……
以至于
It was such a loud noise as to wake
everybody in the house.声音很大,屋
里的所有人都被吵醒了。
... enough
to + 动 词
原形
足 够 ……
能……
He is old enough to join the army.他
的年龄足够大,可以参军了。
too... to+动
词原形
太 …… 以
至 于 不
能……
I????m too tired to stay up any longer.我
太累了,不能再熬夜了。
注意:在 only too...to 结构中,too...to...不是“太……而不
能……” 之意,而是“非常……”,相当于“ very... to...”。 与
only too...to...搭配的形容词常见的有 pleased,ready,willing,
glad,happy 等。
I????m only too glad to have passed the exam.( I????m very glad
to have passed the exam.)
考试及格了,我非常高兴。
3.不定式作原因状语
用法 常用词 例句
形容词作表语时,
后面可接不定式
作原因状语,用以
说明产生这种情
绪的原因
happy,glad,sorry,
anxious,proud,
disappointed,
angry,surprised,
ready,delighted,
pleased
You will never know
how happy I was to see
her yesterday.
你永远不会知道昨天
看到她时,我是多么
高兴。
4.不定式主动形式表被动意义
用法 常用词 例句
在“主语 +系动词 +表语
(形容词) + to do” 结构
中,句子的主语与动词不
定式有逻辑上的被动关
系,且形容词表示主语的
特征或性质,这时,需用
不定式的主动形式表示
被动意义
easy, hard,
difficult,
important,
impossible,
interesting,
pleasant, nice,
comfortable,
safe,dangerous
This question is
easy to answer.
这 个 问 题 容 易
回答。
This book is
difficult to
understand. 这 本
书很难理解。
三、分词作状语
1.分词作状语时其形式的选择
形式 意义
v.?ing
(doing)
与句子主语为逻辑上的主动关系,与句子谓
语动词动作同时发生,或基本上同时发生
续表
形式 意义
having+v.?ed
(having done)
与句子主语为逻辑上的主动关系,先于谓语
动词动作发生
v.?ed
(done)
与句子主语为逻辑上的被动关系,表完成
being+v.?ed
(being done)
与句子主语为逻辑上的被动关系,且与谓语
动词动作同时发生
having been+v.?ed
(having been done)
与句子主语为逻辑上的被动关系,且先于谓
语动词动作发生
2.分词作状语的句法功能
句法功能 例句
时间
状语
When offered help,one often says“Thank you”or “ It????s
kind of you” .当被提供帮助的时候,人们常说“谢谢
你”或“你真好”。
原因
状语
Having been separated from other continents for
millions of years,Australia has many animals and plants
not found in any other country in the world.和其他大陆
分离了数百万年,澳大利亚有许多在世界上任何别的
国家都找不到的动植物。
条件
状语
Generally speaking,if taken according to the directions,
the drug has no side effects.一般来说,如果按照说明
服用,这种药没有副作用。
结果
状语
He glanced at her,noticing that though she was tiny,she
seemed very well.他不经意地看了一下她,注意到她
虽然很纤弱,但看起来非常健康。
让步
状语
Having been told many times,he still repeated the same
mistake.虽然被告诉过好多次了,但他仍然重复犯同
样的错误。
伴随
状语
The teacher came into the lab, followed by some
students.老师进了实验室,后面跟着一些学生。
四、独立成分作状语
定义 常见独立成分 例句
有些 分 词 或
不定 式 短 语
作状语,其形
式的 选 择 不
受上 下 文 的
影响,被称为
独立成分
generally speaking 一般来说
frankly speaking 坦白地说
judging from / by...根据……
来判断
considering... / taking...into
consideration 考虑到……
to tell you the truth 说实话
compared to / with 与 ……
相比
Judging from his
accent, he is from
Hong Kong. 从 口
音判 断, 他 是 香
港人。
To tell you the
truth,I am a little
tired.说实话,我有
点累。
五、 独 立 主 格 结 构 ( Nominative Absolute
Construction)
非谓语动词作状语时,它的逻辑主语应和句子主语保持
一致。 但有时非谓语动词带有自己的逻辑主语,在句子中作
状语,我们称之为独立主格结构。
独立主格结构的特点:①独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句
子的主语不同,它独立存在;②独立主格结构中作逻辑主语
的名词或代词与后面的分词或不定式是逻辑上的主动或被
动关系;③独立主格结构一般有逗号与句子分开。
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6 5年高考 3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
独立主格结构的构成:①名词 /代词+分词;②名词 /代词
+不定式;③with / without+名词 /代词+分词 /不定式。
The test finished( =When the test was finished),we began
our holiday.
考试结束后,我们就开始放假了。
The president assassinated( = Because the president was
assassinated),the whole country was in deep sorrow.
总统被暗杀了,全国上下沉浸在深深的悲痛之中。
Weather permitting( = If weather permits),we are going
to visit you tomorrow.
如果天气允许,我们明天去看你。
I stood before her with my heart beating fast.
我站在她面前,心脏跳得很快。
用所给动词的适当形式填空
①Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and
tried it on,only to find ( find) it didn????t fit.
②Clearly and thoughtfully written ( write ), the book
inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own
answers.
③Group activities will be organized after class to help
(help)children develop team spirit.
④ Having spent ( spend) the past year as an exchange
student in Hong Kong,Linda appears more mature than those of
her age.
⑤ The lecture having been given ( give ), a lively
question?and?answer session followed.
考点六 非谓语动词作补语
一、用不定式作补语的动词及动词词组
用不定式作补语的动词及动词词组有 advise,allow,ask,
beg,cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force,get, intend, invite,
like, love, order, persuade, prefer, remind, require, teach, tell,
want,warn,wish,wait for,call on,depend on 等。
You are not allowed to smoke here.这里不允许吸烟。
The doctor warned him not to eat too much meat.
医生告诫他不要吃太多的肉。
注意:
(1) think, consider, believe, suppose, feel, find, imagine,
prove,appoint,judge 等后常用“ to be...”作宾补 /主补。
People considered him to be a great leader.
人们认为他是一位伟大的领袖。
They found the answer to be quite satisfactory.
他们觉得那个回答非常令人满意。
Chinese food is considered to be the healthiest in the
world.
中餐被认为是世界上最健康的。
He imagines himself to be an able man.
他自认为是个能人。
(2) fear, excuse / forgive, refuse,punish, suggest / propose,
agree / approve, inform, welcome, insist / persist, hope, arrange,
demand,thank,congratulate,prevent 后不能用不定式作补语。
二、非谓语动词作感官动词、使役动词的宾补
1.感官动词 see,watch,observe,notice,hear,feel 的宾
语补足语有四种形式,以 see 为例:
see+
宾语+
doing sth.看见……正在做
???
……
do sth.看见……做了
??
…… }
(宾语与宾补
为逻辑上的
主动关系)
being done 看见……正在被做
????done 看见……被做
??
}
(宾语与宾补
为逻辑上的
被动关系)
ì
?
í
?
?
?
?
?
?
I heard her sing an English song just now.
刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。 (主动,完成)
I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her
room yesterday.昨天经过她房间时,我听见她正在唱一首英文
歌。 (主动,正在进行)
I heard an English song being sung by the little girl when
I passed by her room yesterday.
昨天经过那个小女孩的房间时,我听见她正在唱一首英
文歌。 (被动,正在进行)
I????d like to see the plan carried out.
我想看到这个计划被执行。 (被动,没有一定的时间性)
2.使役动词 make,let,have,get后接复合宾语的情况
(1)make+宾语+
do 让……做……
(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主动关系)
done 让……被做
(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的被动关系)
ì
?
í
?
?
??
He made his workers work 12 hours a day.
他让他的工人们每天工作 12 个小时。
He tried to make himself understood.
他尽量把自己的意思表达清楚了。
(2) let+宾语+
do 让……做……
(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主动关系)
be done 让……被做
(宾语与宾补为逻辑上的被动关系)
ì
?
í
?
?
??
Don????t let your child play with matches.别让你的孩子玩
火柴。
Let the work be done immediately.工作要马上去做。
(3)have+宾语+
do sth.让……做某事
doing sth.使……持
续做某事
} (宾语与宾补为逻辑上
的主动关系)
done 使……被做(宾语与宾补为
逻辑上的被动关系)
ì
?
í
?
??
?
?
注意:①have sth???? done 还表示“使……遭受……”之意。
Tom had his leg broken while playing football.
汤姆踢足球时弄伤了腿。
Mr???? Smith had his house broken into while he was away
on holiday.在史密斯先生外出度假期间,他家被盗了。
②have sb???? doing 若用于否定句中,其中 have 有“允许、容
忍”之意。
I won????t have you speaking to your dad like that.
我不允许
???
你和你父亲那样讲话。
③have 还可用于 have something to do 结构,该结构中
have 作“有”讲,不定式作定语。
I have something urgent to inform you.
我有
?
紧急的事要通知
???
你们。
(4)get+宾语+
to do sth.使……做某事
doing sth.使……做某事}
(宾语与宾补
为逻辑上的
主动关系)
done 使……被做(宾语与宾补
为逻辑上的被动关系)
ì
?
í
?
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?
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专题十四 非谓语动词 7
He got me to post the letter for him.
他让我替他寄信。
The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after
a short rest.
休息了片刻之后,上尉让士兵们朝前线行进。
I????ll get my bike repaired tomorrow.
我明天要(请人)修一下我的自行车。
3.下列动词(词组)在主动语态中用不带 to 的不定式作
宾语补足语,但在被动语态中要加上 to:它们是“吾看三室两
厅一感觉”———5 看( look at,see,watch,notice,observe);3
使(make,let,have);2 听(listen to,hear);1 感觉(feel)。
Someone was heard to come up the stairs.
听见有人上楼了。
三、动词 leave,keep,find,catch 及介词 with 后加非
谓语动词作复合宾语的情况
1.leave
sb. / sth???? doing sth.让某人 /物处于某种状态(宾
语与宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的主动关系,表
示动作正在进行)
sth???? undone留下某事未做(宾语与宾语补足语之
间是逻辑上的被动关系,表示被动和完成,一般以
undone,unfinished,unsettled,untouched为多)
sb???? to do sth.留下某人去做某事
sth???? to be done留下某事要做 } (不定式表示将来的动作)
ì
?
í
?
?
?
??
?
?
?
?
It????s wrong to leave the machine running.
让机器一直运转着是不对的。 (主动,正在进行)
The guests left most of the dishes untouched,because they
didn????t taste delicious.
大部分的菜客人们动都没动,因为它们不可口。 (被动,
完成)
He left,leaving me to do all the rest work.
他走了,留下我一个人去做剩余的所有工作。 (主动,
将来)
We hurriedly ended our meeting,leaving many problems
to be settled.我们匆匆忙忙地结束了会议,留下了很多问题等
待解决。 (被动,将来)
2.keep
sb. / sth???? doing使某人 /物一直做某事
sb. / sth???? done使某人 /物被……(表示被动且完
成,或表示状态)
{
Keep the engine running.别让发动机熄火。
You should keep me informed of his whereabouts.你应该
让我了解他的行踪。
3.find
sb???? doing 发现某人正在做某事
sb. / sth???? done 发现某人 /物已经……
(表完成或状态)
sb. / sth. to be...发现某人 /物……
ì
?
í
?
?
??
We found him to be dishonest.我们发现他不诚实。
Often I found her quietly weeping alone.
我经常发现她独自默默流泪。
I found him buried in a novel.
我发现他在埋头读一本小说。
4.catch sb???? doing sth.撞见某人正在做某事
I caught John reading my private letters.
我撞见约翰在偷看我的私人信件。
5.with
sb. / sth???? doing(表主动且进行,或表特征)
sth???? being done(表被动且进行)
sth???? done (表被动且完成,或表状态)
sth???? to do(表示将来)
ì
?
í
?
?
??
John received an invitation to dinner,and with his work
finished,he gladly accepted it.约翰收到了一份宴请函并且他
的工作也完成了,于是他欣然接受了邀请。
With a lot of difficult problems to settle, the newly
elected president is having a hard time.因为有很多难题要解
决,这位新选的总统的日子不好过。
四、常用不定式作主语补足语的句型
Sb. / Sth. be said / believed / known / supposed / reported /
considered / found / thought + to do / to have done / to be done / to
have been done+其他。
He is said to have gone abroad.
( = It is said that he has gone abroad.)
据说他出国了。
Heat is considered to be a form of energy.
热能被认为是一种能量形式。
You????re supposed to pay the bill by Friday.
你应该在星期五前结清这笔账。
用所给动词的适当形式填空
①The managers discussed the plan that they would like to
see carried (carry)out the next year.
②The missing boy was last seen playing (play) near the
lake.
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(共55张PPT)
三年模拟
A组 2017—2019年高考模拟·考点基础题组
考点一 非谓语动词作宾语
1.(2019山西太原期中考试,66)Now, it not only devotes itself to ????(sell) books, but combines
the functions of the bookstore, café and sale of the creative cultural products.
答案 selling 句意:现在,它不仅专注于销售图书,而且还把书店的功能与咖啡屋、创意性文
化产品的售卖相结合。动词短语devote...to(致力于)中的to为介词,后加名词或动名词作宾语;
根据提示词sell可知设空处填动名词selling。
2.(2019吉林省吉林市一次调研,68)But if you do find it difficult ????(fall) asleep or stay asleep
at night, then you should avoid naps and try to build up that healthy sleepiness in the evening.
答案 to fall 句意:但是如果你确实发现在晚上很难入睡或者晚上睡眠质量不佳,那么你应
该避免小睡,尽量在晚上增强健康的睡意。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语。本句中it作形式宾
语,设空处作真正宾语,根据or后的stay可推知设空处需填不定式形式,故填to fall。
3.(2019湖北孝感一中、应城一中等五校期中联考,63)Past studies have shown a link between
sleeping less and weighing more, but scientists have had difficulty ???? (determine) “which
came first, the chicken or the egg?”says Julie Lumeng of the University of Michigan in Ann Ar-
bor.
答案 determining 句意:过去的研究表明睡眠少和发胖有联系,但是科学家们很难认定“到
底是先有鸡还是先有蛋?”安娜堡的密歇根大学的Julie Lumeng说。本题考查非谓语动词作
宾语。have difficulty (in) doing sth.为固定句型,意为:做某事有困难。
4.(2019广东佛山教学质检Ⅰ,64)It is part of ???? (become) independent.
答案 becoming 句意:那是变得独立的一部分。介词(of)后要加动名词作宾语,故填becom-
ing。
5.(2018河北百校联盟1月联考,67)Thanks to the high-tech rackets, they can now enjoy the magi-
cal feeling of ????(hit)the ball at over 150 kilometers per hour!
答案 hitting 句意:由于有了那种高科技球拍,他们现在可以享受以每小时超过150千米的速
度击打网球所带来的奇妙的感觉!设空处作介词of的宾语,故填动名词形式hitting。
6.(2018河南郑州一次质检,67)In my mind, they????re helping us to become calm and consider ????
????(win)and solving real problems as well.
答案 winning 句意:在我心里,它们正帮助我们静下心来考虑获胜以及解决真正的问题。
consider(考虑)后需加动名词作宾语,故填winning。
7.(2018湖北黄冈元月调研,70)Sometimes, by caring only about the cups, we fail ????(enjoy)the
coffee.
答案 to enjoy 句意:有时,我们只关注杯子却没有享受品咖啡的乐趣。fail后需加不定式作
宾语,故填to enjoy。
8.(2018湖北武汉2月调研,69)Aiming ????(carry)forward the spirit of peace, cooperation, open-
ness and inclusiveness(包容)for shared benefits through concrete projects, the New Silk Road has
already received a warm response from more than 60 countries and a number of international orga-
nizations.
答案 to carry 句意:力求通过一些具体的项目,推进和平、合作、开放和包容的精神以达到
共赢,新丝绸之路已经得到了60多个国家和许多国际组织的热烈响应。aim后加不定式作宾
语,表示“力求做”。
9.(2017湖北荆门调研,66)We didn????t speak to each other after that, and I didn????t get close to any-
one for fear of ????(hurt) again.
答案 being hurt 句意:那次之后我们彼此没有说过话,因为害怕再次被伤害,我不再和任何
人靠近。设空处作介词of的宾语,故用动名词形式;设空处表达被动意思,故填being hurt。
考点二 非谓语动词作定语
1.(2019海南儋州一次统测,62)Cha,better ????(know) by his pen name Jin Yong, died on Tues-
day at the Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital at age 94.
答案 known 句意:查良镛,他的笔名金庸更为人们所熟知,于周二在香港养和医院去世,享年
94岁。考查非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词Cha与know为逻辑上的被动关系,且设空处表示
“完成”,故填过去分词known。
2.(2019河南洛阳期中考试,61)Designated a “City of Design” by UNESCO in 2008, Shenzhen
was the first city in China ????(present) an official strategy around creative development.
答案 to present 句意:在 2008年被联合国教科文组织命名为“设计之都”的深圳是中国第
一个提出创新驱动发展官方战略的城市。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。本句中名词city被序
数词修饰且city与动词present为逻辑上的主动关系,需用不定式的主动形式作定语,故答案为to
present。
3.(2019河北衡水中学一调,62)Hangzhou will be the third Chinese city ???? (host)the games.
答案 to host 句意:杭州将是中国第三个举办亚运会的城市。考查非谓语动词作定语。当
名词被序数词修饰且该名词与非谓语动词有逻辑上的主动关系时,要使用动词不定式作后置
定语,故答案为to host。
4.(2019安徽江淮十校二次联考,61)Actually, it is quite normal for the average person ????
(live) in a city to see thousands of ads every single day.
答案 living 句意:事实上在城市生活的普通人每天看到几千条广告是很正常的。本题考
查非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词person与live为逻辑上的主动关系,用现在分词作定语,故填
living。
5.(2019湖北鄂东南教育教学改革联盟期中考试, 67)Online, many of them argued that the show????
s ???? (delay) transmission broke their children????s concept of punctuality, and also criticized the
non-commercial TV show for surrendering to commercial advertisements.
答案 delayed 句意:他们中的很多人上网发帖,表示该节目被推迟播放破坏了孩子们守时的
观念。此外,公益电视节目向商业广告屈服,也受到了批评。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。被
修饰词transmission与delay为逻辑上的被动关系,且设空处表示“完成”,故填过去分词de-
layed。
6.(2018山西晋中祁县中学月考,68)2,280 delegates(代表) ????(choose)from a group of nearly 8
9 million Party members across the nation will attend the 19th National Congress of the Commu-
nist Party of China.
答案 chosen 句意:从全国将近8900万党员中选出的2,280名代表将参加中国共产党第十九
次全国代表大会。delegates与choose为逻辑上的被动关系,故用过去分词chosen作定语。
7.(2018河北五个一联盟二次联考,64)This site reports science news ????(cover)a wide range of
subjects.
答案 covering 句意:该网站报道涉及多种主题的科技新闻。news与cover为逻辑上的主动
关系,故用现在分词covering作定语。
8.(2018广东五校协作体一次联考,62)The museum, ????(locate)next to the Wuzhen scenic
spot, covers an area of5,000 square meters.
答案 located 句意:该博物馆紧挨着乌镇景区,占地五千平方米。设空处与The museum为逻
辑上的被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。
9.(2018河南郑州一次质检,66)However, our discussions are more than just a way ????(prac-
tice)our debating skills.
答案 to practice 句意:然而,我们的讨论不仅仅是一种练习辩论技巧的方法。名词way后常
用不定式作定语,故填to practice。
10.(2017山东临沂一模,61)“Don????t travel during the holidays”is one golden rule ????(follow)
by some friends for years,especially during the Spring Festival as the traffic is heavy.
答案 followed 句意:“不要在假期旅游”是一些朋友多年来一直遵循的黄金法则,尤其是
在春节期间,因为交通很拥堵。被修饰词rule与follow之间为逻辑上的被动关系,故用过去分词
作定语。
考点三 非谓语动词作主语、表语
1.(2019湖北重点高中联考协作体期中考试,66)First of all, ????(become)aware of what causes
your worry will help to reduce the stress.
答案 becoming 句意:首先,知道造成你的忧虑的原因将有助于减轻压力。本题考查非谓语
动词作主语。动名词短语可作句子主语,故填becoming。
2.(2019湖北孝感二次联考,69)We take care of patients of all ages. There is no type of injury,
medical, or surgical condition that we are not ????(equip) to care for.
答案 equipped 句意:我们照顾各个年龄段的病人。对任何类型的损伤,内科或外科疾病我
们都有预案。设空处作表语,主语we与equip为逻辑上的被动关系且设空处表示状态,故填过
去分词equipped。
3.(2019广东佛山教学质检Ⅰ,61)They often seem ???? (dislike) being questioned.
答案 to dislike 句意:他们常常似乎不喜欢被提问。连系动词seem后需用不定式形式作表
语,主语they与dislike为逻辑上的主动关系,故填to dislike。
4.(2019四川邻水实验学校月考,66)As well as the weather, the relaxed atmosphere and nightlife
are very ???? (appeal).
答案 appealing 句意:除了天气以外,轻松的气氛和夜生活也非常诱人。设空处表示主语的
特征,故填appealing(=attractive or interesting)。
5.(2019湖北当阳一中月考,65)It was ???? (amaze) that our class won second place. Our efforts
paid off!
答案 amazing 句意:令人惊喜的是我们班获得了第二名。我们的努力得到了回报!设空处
表示特征,故填amazing。
6.(2019四川蓉城名校联盟2月联考,65)But mobile phones are also a threat to our health. ????
(use) them for too long tends to make us passive and ignore physical exercise,which will cause
obesity and poor eyesight.
答案 Using 句意:但是手机对我们的健康也是一种威胁。长时间使用它们往往会使我们很
被动并忽略了体育锻炼,这将会导致肥胖,视力差。设空处作主语,且不表示某次具体的行为,
需用动名词作主语,故填Using。
7.(2018湖北宜昌葛洲坝中学月考,46)The cart got ????(stick)in the mud, but the farmer made
no effort to get it out.
答案 stuck 句意:那辆马车陷在了泥里,但是那位农民没费吹灰之力就把它弄了出来。考查
非谓语动词作表语。get/be stuck in被卡在,被困在。此处指马车被困在泥里,故答案为stuck。
8.(2018山西长治二中等五校联考,69)His new idea was ????(make)the shell shapes on the roof
into the shape of a ball.
答案 to make/making 句意:他的新主意是将屋顶上的贝壳形状变成球的形状。本题考查非
谓语动词作表语。设空处说明主语idea的具体内容,故用不定式to make或动名词making作表
语。
9.(2018河南郑州外国语学校二次调研,62)They may feel ????(leave)out.
答案 left 句意:他们可能感到被冷落了。主语They与leave out为逻辑上的被动关系,且设空
处表示状态,故用过去分词作表语。
10.(2018河北名校联盟质检Ⅰ,61)For many young people, ????(go)to university is one of the
most important stages of their lives.
答案 going 句意:对很多年轻人来说,上大学是他们生命中最重要的阶段之一。设空处作主
语但不表示具体某次的行为,故用动名词形式going。
考点四 非谓语动词作状语
1.(2019湖南浏阳六校联考,61)Traditional Chinese wedding customs may vary from place to place
and time to time, but have been holding an important position in the lives of Chinese people, ????
????(cause) a far-reaching impact on the way the Chinese lead their lives.
答案 causing 句意:中国传统婚礼习俗可能会因地域和时间的不同而不同,但它们在中国人
的生活中一直占有重要地位,从而对中国人的生活方式产生了深远的影响。考查非谓语动词
作结果状语。cause与其逻辑主语为主动关系,故答案为causing。
2.(2019湖北重点高中联考协作体期中考试,67)Here are some tips to help you in managing stress
around exam time... It????s a good idea to talk to your classmates and teachers ???? (share) fears.
答案 to share 设空处所在句表示:和你的同学和老师聊一聊来分享自己的担忧是一个很好
的主意。考查非谓语动词作状语。根据上下文逻辑可知设空处作目的状语,故填不定式to
share。
3.(2019闽粤赣“三省十校”联考,64) ???? (host) by the Jinan municipal government, the Jinan
winter swimming race has been held for six successive years.
答案 Hosted 句意:被济南市政府主办,济南冬季游泳比赛已连续举办了6年。主语“the Ji-
nan winter swimming race”与host为逻辑上的被动关系,故填过去分词Hosted。
4.(2019江西红色七校二次联考,65)And it made me think that maybe I need to set time aside ????
???? (tell)the people in my life how much I appreciate what they did.
答案 to tell 句意:那使我想到:也许我需要腾出时间告诉我生活中的那些人对于他们所做
的我是多么感激。设空处作目的状语以说明set time aside的目的,故填不定式to tell。
5.(2019安徽皖江名校联盟二联,64) ????(realize) the seriousness of this issue, the UK????s Queen
Elizabeth Ⅱ has ordered plastic straws(塑料吸管) and bottles should be banned at all the country????
s royal properties,including Buckingham Palace and Windsor Castle.
答案 Realizing 句意:意识到了这个问题的严重性,英国女王伊丽莎白二世命令在包括白金
汉宫和温莎城堡在内的所有英国皇家场所都禁止使用塑料吸管、瓶子。本题考查非谓语动
词作状语。主语the UK????s Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ与realize为逻辑上的主动关系,故填现在分词Re-
alizing作状语。
6.(2018河南郑州一中六次测试,47)But by 1955, the paintings were beginning to become difficult
????(see).
答案 to see 句意:但是到1955年,那些画作就开始变得很难看清了。系动词+表示“难、
易、好、坏”的形容词后需用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思,故填to see。
7.(2018河北衡水中学五次调考,43)She first came across this phenomenon while ????(research)
North American children living in India.
答案 researching 句意:在对生活在印度的北美孩子进行研究时,她第一次偶然遇到了这种
现象。主语She与 research之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词researching作状语。
8.(2018山东烟台期末,68)They put the food out in their backyards and spent time in the nice
weather, ????(watch)birds.
答案 watching 句意:他们把食物放在后院,然后一边观鸟一边享受明媚的天气。主语They
与watch为逻辑上的主动关系,且watch与spent表示的动作同时发生,故填现在分词watching作
伴随状语。
9.(2018江西宜春中学一次诊断,68) ????(compare)with the western medicine????s high fees, TCM
has a reasonable price that ordinary people can afford.
答案 Compared 句意:与西药的高额费用相比,传统中药的价格合理,普通人能够承担得
起。Compared with...为固定结构,在句中作状语,意为“与……相比”。
10.(2017河南豫南九校质量考评Ⅴ,64)Finally I refused to attend classes, ???? (shut) myself in
my room for hours.
答案 shutting 句意:最后,我拒绝上课,把自己关在房间几个小时。refused和shut间没有并列
连词,故可判断设空处应为非谓语动词作状语。主语“I”与shut间为逻辑上的主动关系,且
shut与refused同时发生,故设空处表示伴随,故填shutting。注意:shut的现在分词形式需要双写
“t”。
考点五 非谓语动词作补语
1.(2019湖北重点高中联考协作体期中考试,61)Some students will feel a growing sense of fear
with the exam season ???? (approach)while others may appear fairly calm.
答案 approaching 句意:随着考试季的到来,一些学生会感到越来越焦虑,然而另一些学生
可能会相当冷静。考查with的复合结构。with的宾语the exam season与approach为逻辑上的主
动关系,且设空处表示正在进行,需用现在分词作宾补。故答案为approaching。
2.(2019安徽江淮十校二次联考,64)Modern adverts began to appear in the 18th and 19th cen-
turies, since advances in printing techniques allowed more detailed images ???? (produce) in
newspapers and magazines.
答案 to be produced 句意:现代广告之所以在18、19世纪开始出现是因为印刷技术的发展
使得更多精细的图片出现在报纸上和杂志上。本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。动词allow之后
要用动词不定式作补语;本句中allowed的宾语more detailed images与produce为逻辑上的被动
关系,需用不定式的被动形式,故填to be produced。
3.(2019辽宁沈阳铁路实验中学月考,43 )He watched a spider ???? (make) a web.
答案 making 句意:他看着一只蜘蛛织网。宾语a spider与make为逻辑上的主动关系,且设
空处表示正在进行,故用现在分词making作宾补。
4.(2019吉林长春实验中学阶段考试,68)In Shanxi, people get their hair ???? (cut) in a symbol-
ic move to remove the old and embrace the new.
答案 cut 句意:在山西,人们会象征性地理发以辞旧迎新。宾语hair与cut为逻辑上的被动关
系,且设空处表示完成,故用过去分词cut作宾补。get/have one????s hair cut 理发。
5.(2019海南儋州一中统测,62)That means tobacco manufacturers will be forced ???? (pack)
their cigarettes in plain packets.
答案 to pack 句意:那意味着烟草生产厂家会被迫将他们的香烟装进简版的烟盒中。be
forced to do sth.被迫做某事。
6.(2018湖南株洲质量检测Ⅰ,65)Apart from the massive size, it also has unmatched accuracy and
sensitivity, allowing scientists ????(find)previously hidden stars.
答案 to find 句意:除了体型庞大,它还有无与伦比的准确度和敏感度,这使得科学家们能发
现从前看不到的星星。“allow+宾语”后要用不定式作宾补;宾语scientists与find为逻辑上的
主动关系,故填to find作宾补。
7.(2018福建永春一中等四校联考Ⅰ,65)During the Qin dynasty,to keep the enemy out of his em-
pire, Emperor Qin Shihuang had all the walls ????(join)up.
答案 joined 句意:在秦朝时期,为了抵御外敌,秦始皇把所有的墙都连了起来。使役动词had
后的宾语the walls与join up为被动关系,故填过去分词joined。
8.(2018湖南长郡中学五次月考,66)The robot is powered by a battery on its back, which can keep
it ????(operate)for an hour.
答案 operating 句意:该机器人靠其背部的电池驱动,这块电池可使其持续工作一小时。op-
erate作“机器运转”讲为不及物动词;keep sth. doing sth.表示“使某物持续做某事”,故用op-
erating作宾补。
9.(2017山西重点中学协作体一模,69)With all the porridge ???? (eat) up, he picked out a shoe
and boiled it to eat.
答案 eaten 句意:粥全部喝光了,他挑出了一只鞋将其煮了吃。With后的宾语all the porridge
与eat为逻辑上的被动关系,且设空处表示完成,故在设空处填eaten。
10.(2017福建龙岩3月质检,61)It is in the coldest part of winter, with the wind ????(howl) out-
side.
答案 howling 句意:那是在冬季最冷的那段时间,风在外面呼啸着。with后的宾语the wind
与宾补howl为逻辑上的主动关系,且设空处表示正在进行,故填howling。
B组????2017—2019年高考模拟·专题综合题组
单句改错
1.(2019福建泉港一中、南安国光中学期中联考)Comparing with other teachers, Mr. Moore pays
more attention to his way of teaching.? ????
答案 Comparing→Compared 句意:与其他老师相比,摩尔老师更加注意他的教学方法。考
查非谓语动词作状语。compared with...为独立成分,是固定用法,故将Comparing改为Com-
pared。
2.(2019湖北孝感一中、应城一中等五校期中联考)True friendship is the communication of the
hearts and understand of the souls.? ????
答案 understand→understanding 句意:真正的友谊是心与心的交流和灵魂的彼此理解。考
查非谓语动词作表语。错误处与名词communication并列作表语,也应是名词或动名词,故将
understand改为动名词understanding。
3.(2019湖北宜昌示范性高中协作体期中)At first, seen the waves coming one after another, I was
afraid.? ????
答案 seen→seeing 句意:开始时,看到一浪翻过一浪,我感到很害怕。考查非谓语动词作状
语。错误处是状语部分,see与主语I为逻辑上的主动关系,且与was afraid同时发生,需用现在分
词,故将seen改为seeing。
4.(2019湖南浏阳六校期中联考)It was a great pleasure to have such a devoting friend.? ????
????
答案 devoting→devoted 句意:有这样一个忠实的朋友是件很快乐的事。考查非谓语动词
作定语。devoted(忠诚的,深爱的)符合语境。
5.(2019福建长汀一中等六校联考)Some students break this rule and some even play with their
smart phones in class and that makes the teachers discouraging.? ????
答案 discouraging→discouraged 句意:一些学生违背此项规定,有些学生甚至在课上玩智能
手机,这使得老师们很是灰心。考查非谓语动词作宾补。错误处表示“感到灰心的”。dis-
couraging令人感到灰心的; discouraged感到灰心的。
6.(2019湖南三湘名校教育联盟一次联考)We wanted to breathe the fresh air and having fun
there.? ????
答案 having→have 句意:我们想在那里呼吸新鲜空气,好好玩玩。考查非谓语动词作宾
语。错误处与to breathe并列作wanted的宾语;根据to breathe可知将having改为have。省略了不
定式符号to。
7.(2019安徽皖南八校一次联考)In short, it is a grateful heart that makes us becoming kind people
and create a harmonious environment.? ????
答案 becoming→become 句意:总之,是一颗感恩的心使我们成为有爱心的人并创造了一个
和谐的环境。考查非谓语动词作宾补。make作“使,让”讲,后面需加不带to的不定式作宾补,
故将becoming改为become。没有 “make +宾语+doing”结构。
8.(2019吉林省重点中学二次联考)The book stressed the importance of use our time wisely.?????
????
答案 use→using 句意:这本书强调了我们明智地利用时间的重要性。考查非谓语动词作宾
语。of是介词,后用动名词作宾语,故将use改为using。
9.(2019安徽江淮十校二次联考)She devotes herself to teach and prepares well for every class.?
????
答案 teach→teaching 句意:她全身心投入到教学上,准备好每节课。考查非谓语动词作宾
语。“devote...to...”中的to为介词,后需加动名词作宾语,故将teach改为teaching。
10.(2019山东潍坊五市区联考)My grandparents live in the countryside. They keep a dog calling
Ah Bao.? ????
答案 calling→called 句意:我祖父母住在乡下。他们养了一条狗,名叫阿宝。考查非谓语动
词作定语。call与a dog为逻辑上的被动关系,且错误处表示完成,故用过去分词(called)而非现
在分词(calling)作定语。
11.(2018河北五个一联盟二模)Soldiers came to rescue those burying under the ruins, and the
government provided food, clothes, and shelters for the homeless.? ????
答案 burying→buried 句意:士兵来营救那些被埋在废墟下的人们,政府为那些无家可归者
提供食物、衣服和庇护所。原句中的“burying under the ruins”为非谓语动词作定语,修饰代
词those,但those与bury为逻辑上的被动关系,且表示状态,故将burying改为buried。
12.(2018广东五校协作体一次联考)Furthermore, vote on the Internet makes instant feedback
possible.? ????
答案 vote→voting 句意:此外,网上投票使即时性反馈成为可能。句中的“vote on the In-
ternet”作主语,因此vote应改为动名词voting。
13.(2018河南天一大联考Ⅲ)She was fluent in Chinese while I had difficulty with my speaking
English.? ????
答案 speaking→spoken 句意:她汉语说得很流利而我在英语口语方面困难重重。被修饰词
English与speak为逻辑上的被动关系,故用过去分词而非现在分词作定语。
14.(2018全国百校联盟一次联考)Instead of seek a shelter, my parents suggested we help a couple
of stall owners pack their books.? ????
答案 seek→seeking 句意:没有去找庇护处,我父母建议我们帮助几个摊主收拾他们的书。
介词instead of后需用动名词形式作宾语,故将seek改为seeking。
15.(2018河南郑州一次质检)We????re never going to have enough time explore everything!? ????
????
答案 explore前加to 句意:我们永远不会有足够的时间去探索一切!time后要用不定式作定
语,故在explore前加to。
16.(2018河南中原名校五次联考)Mobile phone addicts can????t help check their mobile phones all
day, even when they are walking on the road.? ????
答案 check→checking 句意:手机成瘾者会情不自禁地整天看手机,甚至他们在路上行走时
也是如此。can????t help doing sth./can????t help but do sth.为固定结构,意为“情不自禁做某事,忍不住做某事”,所以也可在help后加but。
17.(2018福建福州3月质检)In the beginning, I wasn????t used to talk to strangers.? ????
答案 talk→talking 句意:开始时我不习惯和陌生人讲话。be used to doing sth.为固定用法,
意为“习惯做某事”。
18.(2017河南豫南九校质量考评Ⅴ) In addition, attracting by interesting topics, you are free to
get involved in the weekly discussion.? ????
答案 attracting→attracted 句意:此外,由于被有趣的话题所吸引,你可以自由地参与这个每
周一次的讨论。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。attract与主语you为被动关系,故将attracting改
为attracted。
19.(2017湖北荆门调研考试) When I was in Grade 5, I met a teacher who made me remembered
her forever.? ????
答案 remembered→remember 句意:在我上五年级时,我遇到了一位老师,她使我永生难
忘。宾语me与remember间为逻辑上的主动关系;使役动词make后的宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主
动关系时,要用不带to的不定式作宾补,故将remembered改为remember。
20.(2017江西九江十校二联) After school, I went back home on time to help my parents do some
housework while enjoy some light music.? ????
答案 enjoy→enjoying 句意:放学后,我按时回家,一边听着轻音乐一边帮我父母做家务。
while后没有主语,故可判断while后需用非谓语动词作状语。主语I与enjoy为逻辑上的主动关
系,故将enjoy改为enjoying。
C组????2017—2019年高考模拟·应用创新题组
Passage 1
Do you have 1???? (sleep) problems? Then these tips may help you 2???? (fall)asleep fast.
Set aside the thought that you have to fall asleep. The more you think of it, the 3???? (hard) you
will fall asleep.
The foods you eat also play an important part. Avoid 4???? (drink) things like coffee and energy
drinks. If you have to, then have them in the morning and never in the afternoon, especially before
going to bed. Don????t eat too much at night. A full stomach will make you more difficult 5????
(fall) asleep because your body is working more time 6???? (digest) the food you ate.
Make a 7???? (fix) time to go to bed. For example, by 9 o????clock in the evening you should already
be in bed. Do this even if you????re not sleepy yet. Once 8???? (follow) this routine, you will gradu-
ally see that you feel sleepy when it????s 9 o????clock.
Make your room comfortable for 9???? (sleep). You should also take note that the sleeping envi-
ronment also affects your sleep. It must be in the room where it????s not 10???? (noise). Otherwise,
you will find it difficult to fall asleep again after waking up.
答案
[语篇解读] 你的睡眠是否存在问题?文章介绍了几种有助于快速进入睡眠的方法。
1.sleeping 你有睡眠问题吗?本题考查非谓语动词作定语。此处为动名词作前置定语,修饰
problems,故填sleeping。
2.fall/to fall 这些诀窍可能会帮助你很快入睡。本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。help sb.后需
加不定式作宾补,且不定式符号可以省略,故填fall或to fall。
3.harder 你越想睡觉,你就越难睡着。本题考查“the+比较级+主语+谓语,the+比较级+主语+
谓语”,意为:越……,就越……。
4.drinking 不要喝像咖啡、能量饮料之类的东西。avoid后需用动名词作宾语,故填drink-
ing。
5.to fall 吃饱后的肚子会使你更难入眠,因为你的身体需要更多的时间来消化所吃的东西。
考查非谓语动词。 不定式结构在句中作宾语补足语。
6.to digest 设空处作目的状语,故填不定式to digest。
7.fixed 在固定的时间上床睡觉。考查非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词time与fix为逻辑上的被
动关系,故填fixed,意为“固定的,确定的”。
8.following 一旦你遵循这个规定时间,你就会逐渐发现自己在9点的时候就觉得困了。考查
现在分词作条件状语。主语you与follow为逻辑上的主动关系,故填现在分词following。
9.sleeping 为了睡眠把你的房间弄得舒服一些。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语。介词for后需
用动名词作宾语,故填sleeping。
10.noisy 睡眠必须在不吵闹的房间里。设空处作表语,说明主语it的特征,设空处需填形容词;
根据提示词noise可知设空处填noisy。
Passage 2
The truth that trees are vital to our life is not a secret. They provide us with food, wood and most
importantly, oxygen. Now there is one more thing we can add to this list— 1???? (block)out harm-
ful bacteria from water.
The discovery was made by a team 2???? (consist) of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology (MIT) and high school students who were seeking a natural water filter—one that
would help communities in 3???? (develop) countries that do not have access to modern water fil-
ter systems.
The researchers, 4???? (lead) by Professor Rohit Karnik, decided 5???? (turn) to trees for help be-
cause they could allow liquid 6???? (flow) through, while blocking out air bubbles.
They began by 7???? (cut) 1.5-inch-wide sections of tree bark from the branches of a white pine
tree. The people 8???? (relate) then tested the wood????s filtering ability by pouring water 9????
(contain) red dye particles of different sizes through. To their amazement, they found that it was
effective in trapping all the articles. 10???? (encourage), the team conducted another experiment,
this time with water that contained bacteria. Sure enough, the sapwood held back 99% of the bacte-
ria, allowing only 1% to flow through.
答案
[语篇解读] 树木对我们的日常生活非常重要,它们不仅给我们提供食物、木材,最重要的是,
它们还给我们提供生存必需的氧气。但树木对我们的生活还有一个非常重要的作用,即它们
可以阻止有害细菌进入我们的水源。
1.blocking 现在还有一项作用我们可以加进该表中——阻止有害细菌进入水源。破折号后
的部分是对one more thing的内容进一步解释,故设空处填动名词形式blocking。
2.consisting 该发现是由一个团队完成的,该团队由来自MIT的科学家和正在寻找一种天然
滤水器的高中生组成。考查非谓语动词作定语。consist of 由……组成。a team与consist of为
逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词形式作定语。
3.developing 该滤水器可以帮助那些没有现代化滤水系统的发展中国家的团体。本题考查
非谓语动词作定语。developing countries发展中国家,developed countries发达国家。
4.led 在教授Rohit Karnik的带领下,这些研究人员决定求助于树木,因为树木能使液体流过,
同时还能把气泡挡在外面。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。主语the researchers与lead为逻辑上
的被动关系,故设空处填过去分词led。
5.to turn 本题考查非谓语动词作宾语。decide后需加不定式作宾语,故填to turn。
6.to flow 本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。allow+宾语+to do sth.为固定结构,故答案为to flow。
7.cutting 开始时他们从一棵白松的树枝上割下了1.5英寸宽的树皮。本题考查非谓语动词作
宾语。介词by后需加动名词作宾语,故填cutting。
8.related 然后相关人员测试了这种木材的过滤能力。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。被修饰
词the people与relate间为逻辑上的被动关系,且设空处表示状态,故填related。
9.containing 本题考查非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词water与contain为逻辑上的主动关系,故
填现在分词containing作定语,相当于定语从句which contained...。
10.Encouraged 考查非谓语动词作状语。encourage与主语the team之间为逻辑上的被动关系,
且表示完成,所以用过去分词作状语。
Passage 3
In the summer of 1848, in Guatemala, a man 1???? (call) Ambrosio Tut went into the jungle, as he
did almost every day. Tut was a gum-collector(树胶采集者), 2???? (look) for gum in the jungle.
3???? (do) this, he had to climb the trees. On his particular day, he got to the top of one tree and
something caught his eye. He looked out across the trees and saw the tops of some old buildings.
Tut didn????t really know what he had seen but he knew it was something special. He ran 4???? (tell)
the local governor, and together they 5???? (walk)into the jungle. There they found Tikal(蒂卡
尔),a city that the Mayans (玛雅人) 6???? (build) many hundreds of years before. The two men
saw temples and pyramids, squares and houses, and places where kings had lived when the Mayan
people ruled the region.
For a long time before that day, local people had known that somewhere in the jungle there was an
old Mayan city, but no one had seen it for centuries. Between 200 and 900 AD, the city of Tikal
had been the center of Mayan civilization in the region, but then the Mayans left there and nobody
knows why! After 1000 AD, the jungle began 7???? (cover) it and people forgot that it was there.
Seven years before Tut looked out for the trees, two British explorers had gone to Guatemala and
had written a report about Mayan treasures in the jungle, but they didn????t mention Tikal. Even ear-
lier than this, local Indians had told European travelers about a great city 8???? (hide) in the trees,
but no one would listen to them. Now the 9???? (lose) city had been found again, and archaeolo-
gists went there immediately 10???? (see) it.
答案
[语篇解读] 1848年夏季,在危地马拉名叫Ambrosio Tut的采胶人在森林中偶然发现了古代玛
雅人遗址。
1.called 在1848年夏季,在危地马拉名叫Ambrosio Tut的人像以往一样,进入了那片丛林。本
题考查非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词a man与call为逻辑上的被动关系,故填过去分词形式called。
2.looking Tut是一名树胶采集者,在丛林里寻找树胶。考查非谓语动词作状语。主语Tut与
look为逻辑上的主动关系,且表示伴随,故填looking。如填looked需在设空处前加并列连词and。
3.To do 为了采胶,他得爬树。设空处作目的状语,故填To do。
4.to tell 他跑着去告诉当地的统治者,他们一起走进了那片丛林。设空处作目的状语,主语he
与tell为逻辑上的主动关系,故设空处填不定式主动形式to tell。
5.walked 本题考查动词时态。设空处介绍过去发生的事情,需用一般过去时,故填walked。
6.had built 在那里他们发现了蒂卡尔,一座玛雅人几百年前所建的城市。根据时间状语
“many hundreds of years before”可知设空处表示“过去的过去发生的动作”,需用过去完成
时,故填had built。
7.to cover/covering 公元1000年后,丛林开始将其覆盖,人们便忘记了它在那里。考查非谓语
动词作宾语。began后可加不定式或动名词作宾语,故填to cover或covering。
8.hidden 甚至比这还早的时候,当地的印第安人就曾告诉过欧洲旅行者在丛林中藏着一个伟
大的城市,但没有一个人信他们的话。 考查非谓语动词作定语。a great city与hide为逻辑上的
被动关系,且表示完成,故用过去分词作定语。
9.lost 现在这座被遗失的城市再次被发现,考古学家立即去了那里观看它。本题考查非谓语
动词作定语。被修饰词city与lose为逻辑上的被动关系,且设空处表示完成,故填过去分词
lost。
10.to see 本题考查非谓语动词作目的状语,故填不定式to see。
考点一 非谓语动词作宾语
1.(2018天津,12)I didn????t mean ????(eat)anything but the ice cream looked so good that I
couldn????t help trying it.
答案 to eat 句意:我当时什么都不想吃,但是那款冰激凌看上去太诱人了以至于我禁不住品
尝了它。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语。mean to do sth.打算做某事;mean doing sth.意味着做某
事。此处表示打算做某事,mean后须加不定式作宾语。
2.(2017江苏,30)A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help ????
(shape) your year ahead.
答案 shape 句意:在年底对成功和失败进行快速的回顾会有助于你下一年的发展。本题考
查非谓语动词。此处所填单词作help的宾语,由help sb.(to)do sth.结构可知用shape。
3.(2016浙江,19)I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do ????(work)with students.
答案 working 句意:我过去航海和现在与学生们打交道一样开心。句中do代替have fun,
have fun doing sth.做某事很开心。
历年高考试题汇编
4.(2014陕西,12)It????s quite hot today.Do you feel like ????(go)for a swim?
答案 going????句意:今天天气好热。你想去游泳吗?考查非谓语动词。feel like doing sth.想要
做某事。非谓语动词表示的动作并未在谓语动词的动作之前发生,所以不能填having gone。
考点二 非谓语动词作定语
1.(2019天津,10)Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially ????(design)to
help them succeed academically and personally.
答案 designed 句意:大多数大学现在为大一的学生提供一门专门为他们设计的课程,以帮
助他们在学术和个人方面取得成功。根据句子结构和逻辑关系可判断空格处为非谓语动词,
修饰名词course;名词course与design为逻辑上的被动关系且设空处表示“完成”,故填过去分
词。
2.(2017天津,10)I was watching the clock all through the meeting,as I had a train ???? (catch).
答案 to catch 句意:我在会议期间一直看表,因为我要赶火车。设空处作定语,修饰 train,语
境为“要赶火车”,要用不定式表将来。
3.(2017北京,32)Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time ???? (spend) with his
students.
答案 spent 句意:吉姆已经退休,但是他仍然记得和学生度过的那些快乐时光。题干中,被
修饰词the happy time与spend为被动关系,且设空处表示完成,故用动词的过去分词形式
spent。
4.(2016浙江,10)To return to the problem of water pollution, I????d like you to look at a study ????
(conduct)in Australia in 2012.
答案 conducted 句意:回到水污染问题,我想让你们看一下澳大利亚在2012年进行的研究。
study与conduct之间为被动关系,且设空处表示“完成”,故用过去分词作后置定语。
5.(2016江苏,28)In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message ????(hide)
within the work.
答案 hidden 句意:在艺术评论中,你必须假定艺术家在作品中有一定的隐含信息。设空处
在句中作定语,message与hide之间存在逻辑上的被动关系,且设空处表示动作已完成,故用过
去分词形式。
6.(2015北京,23)The park was full of people, ????(enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.
答案 enjoying 句意:公园里人山人海,人们在阳光下玩得很快乐。被修饰词people与enjoy
间为逻辑上的主动关系且表示正在进行,故用现在分词形式作定语。
7.(2014大纲全国,23)Today there are more airplanes ????(carry)more people than ever before in
the skies.
答案 carrying 句意:和过去相比,现在空中的飞机更多了,飞机的载客量也更大了。There be
sb./sth.doing sth.为固定句式,其中的现在分词短语作后置定语。
8.(2014北京,25)Last night,there were millions of people ????(watch) the opening ceremony live
on TV.
答案 watching 句意:昨天夜里有数百万人在电视上观看了开幕式的现场直播。本题考查
非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词people与watch之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故答案为watching。
9.(2014山东,6)There????s a note pinned to the door ????(say)when the shop will open again.
答案 saying 句意:门上钉着一张便条,上面写着这家店再次开张的时间。本题考查非谓语
动词作定语。note和say之间是逻辑上的主动关系,故用saying作后置定语。say(用文字、数
字、图画)表达,说明(信息)。
10.(2014重庆,5)The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras ????(return)to our shop for
quality problems.
答案 returned 句意:生产商定期来收回因质量问题退回到我们店的照相机。本题考查非谓
语动词作定语。cameras和return之间是被动关系,并且是已经完成的动作,所以要用过去分
词。
11.(2014浙江,14)Amie Salmon,disabled,is attended throughout her school days by a nurse ????
(appoint)to guard her.
答案 appointed 句意:Amie Salmon是一个残疾人,上学期间,她一直由一名指定的护士照
顾。考查非谓语动词作定语。名词nurse和appoint之间是逻辑上的被动关系,故答案为ap-
pointed。
考点三 非谓语动词作主语、表语
1.(2019天津,4) ????(learn) to think critically is an important skill today????s children will need for
the future.
答案 Learning/To learn 句意:学会批判性思考是当今的孩子们在未来将需要的一种重要技
能。分析句子结构可知,设空处在句中作主语,故填动名词形式或不定式。
2.(2018天津,8)It took him a long time ????(acquire) the skills he needed to become a good
dancer.
答案 to acquire 句意:获得他成为一名好舞者所需要的各项技能花了他很长时间。考查非
谓语动词作主语。在It takes/took sb....to do sth.句型中,It作形式主语,不定式短语作真正的主
语。
3.(2018北京,3) ????(travel)along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.
答案 Traveling 句意:沿古老的丝绸之路旅行是一次有趣和有益的经历。本题考查非谓语
动词作主语。根据题干可知, ????along the old Silk Road是主语部分,应该用动名词形式作
主语。
4.(2015安徽,27) ????(ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of
the worst mistakes you make.
答案 Ignoring/To ignore 句意:忽视那两个调查结果的不同将会是你犯的最严重的错误之
一。本题考查非谓语动词作主语。设空处在句中作主语,故用不定式或动名词形式。
5.(2014福建,30)For those with family members far away,the personal computer and the phone are
important in staying ????(connect).
答案 connected 句意:对于那些与家人相距遥远的人来说,个人电脑和电话在保持联系方面
很重要。本题考查非谓语动词作表语。根据stay可知后面为表语,表示状态,设空处与省略的
逻辑主语those with family members far away是逻辑上的被动关系,所以答案为connected。
6.(2014湖南,23) ????(understand)your own needs and styles of communication is as important
as learning to convey your affection and emotions.
答案 Understanding 句意:对你自己的交流需求及交流风格加以理解和学会表达你的爱和
情感一样重要。本题考查非谓语动词作主语。逻辑主语与understand之间为主动关系,设空处
需用非谓语动词的主动形式。
考点四 非谓语动词作状语
1.(2019江苏,30) ????(enjoy)the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to
use smart phones.
答案 To enjoy 句意:为了享受数字支付的便利,很多老年人开始使用智能手机。分析句子
结构可知,设空处在句中作目的状语,故填不定式结构。
2.(2019江苏,34)A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ????(reflect)man????s intelli-
gence and creativity.
答案 reflecting 句意:一座城市是人类的手与大脑的产物,这反映出了人类的智慧与创造
性。分析句子结构可知,设空处在句中作状语,前面的句子与reflect之间是逻辑上的主动关系,
故填现在分词形式。
3.(2018北京,6)During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together ????
(share) a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.
答案 to share 句意:过中秋节的时候,家人们通常会团聚在一起吃饭、赏月和品尝月饼。本
题考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知家人们团聚在一起的目的是吃饭、赏月和品尝月饼,因此
用不定式to share作目的状语。
4.(2018北京,10)Ordinary soap, ????(use)correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
答案 used 句意:普通的香皂,只要使用正确,就可以有效除菌。本题考查非谓语动词作状
语。use与其逻辑主语为被动关系,故填过去分词used。
5.(2018江苏,26)Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, ????(exceed) the ex-
pected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.
答案 exceeding 句意:这段时期约13,500个新工作被创造出来,超过了市场分析者预测的12,
000个。考查非谓语动词。设空处是非谓语动词作状语,与Around 13,500 new jobs是主动关
系,且没有动作发生前后的关系,要用现在分词。
6.(2017北京,27)Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ????
(save) their valuable time.
答案 to save 句意:现在很多航空公司允许乘客在网上打印登机证来节省他们宝贵的时
间。考查非谓语动词作状语。设空处表示目的,故用不定式形式。
7.(2017天津,14)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ???? (allow) more
patients to be treated.
答案 allowing 句意:这家医院近期获得了新的医疗设备,这让更多的病人可以接受治疗。
考查非谓语动词作状语。设空处动作与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系,所以要用v.-ing形式。
8.(2017江苏,21)Many Chinese brands, ???? (develop) their reputations over centuries, are fac-
ing new challenges from the modern market.
答案 having developed 句意:很多中国的品牌,已经积攒了几百年的声誉,正在面临来自现
代市场的新挑战。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。题干中两个逗号中间的部分为非谓语动词
短语,develop的逻辑主语是Many Chinese brands,两者之间为主动关系,同时develop所表示的动
作发生在facing所表示的动作之前,因此用having done的形式。
9.(2016北京,26) ????(make)it easier to get in touch with us, you????d better keep this card at hand.
答案 To make 句意:要想更容易地联系到我们,你最好把这张卡片放在手边。根据句意可
知这里应用动词不定式作目的状语,故答案为To make。
10.(2016北京,28) ????(order)over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.
答案 Ordered 句意:这些书一个多星期前就被下订单了,预计现在随时会到。order与逻辑
主语the books之间为被动关系,且动作已经完成,故答案为Ordered。
11.(2016北京,32)Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, ????(turn)the old town into a
dreamland.
答案 turning 句意:新建的木制小屋沿着大街排成一排,把旧城镇变成了梦境。设空处作结
果状语,其逻辑主语应是逗号前的整句话,两者之间是主动关系,故答案为turning。
12.(2016天津,4)The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, ????(make)air condi-
tioning unnecessary.
答案 making 句意:凉风通过我们卧室的窗户吹进来,使得空气调节系统没有必要了。根据
句意可知,此处应用现在分词短语作结果状语,表示必然的结果。不定式虽然也可作结果状语,
但往往表示出乎意料的结果,故不可填to make。
13.(2015北京,21) ????(catch)the early flight,we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.
答案 To catch 句意:为了赶上早班航班,我们提前预订了出租车,并且起得很早。根据句意
可知设空处为目的状语,故用不定式形式。
14.(2015江苏,24)Much time ????(spend)sitting at a desk,office workers are generally troubled
by health problems.
答案 spent 句意:因为在桌前久坐,办公室工作人员一般都被健康问题所困扰。考查独立主
格结构作状语。该结构中的逻辑主语Much time 与spend之间为逻辑上的被动关系且表示完
成,故用过去分词形式。
15.(2015天津,5) ????(absorb)in painting,John didn????t notice evening approaching.
答案 Absorbed 句意:由于在全神贯注地画画,约翰没有察觉到夜幕降临了。考查非谓语动
词作原因状语。设空处动作与句子主语John之间为被动关系,再结合固定搭配be absorbed in
可知答案为Absorbed。
16.(2015天津,8) ????(work)for two days,Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
答案 Having worked 句意:已经忙活了两天了,史蒂夫设法按时完成了他的报告。设空处动
作与句子主语Steve之间为逻辑上的主动关系且发生在句子谓语动词managed之前,所以要用
having done形式。
17.(2015福建,28) ????(learn) more about Chinese culture,Jack has decided to take Chinese folk
music as an elective course.
答案 To learn 句意:为了更多地了解中国文化,杰克已经决定把中国民间音乐作为选修课
程。主语Jack与learn为逻辑上的主动关系,且表示目的,故用不定式作目的状语。
18.(2015湖南,30)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile,she stood rooted
to the ground, ????(wonder) whether to stay or leave.
答案 wondering 句意:当那个职员看到一张善良而又因愧疚的微笑而出现皱纹的脸时,她纹
丝不动地站着,不知道是去还是留。主语she与wonder间为逻辑上的主动关系,所以用现在分
词作伴随状语,故答案为wondering。
19.(2015湖南,34)Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students ????(talk)over what is
bothering them.
答案 to talk 句意:有时候为了让同学们详细谈谈他们的烦恼我只会充当听众。本题考查不
定式的复合结构(for...to do)作目的状语。根据题干中的for fellow students可知设空处用不定
式形式作目的状语。
20.(2015重庆,11)Like ancient sailors,birds can find their way ????(use) the sun and the stars.
答案 using 句意:和古代的水手一样,鸟类能借助太阳和星星找到它们的路。考查非谓语动
词作方式状语。主语birds与use间为逻辑上的主动关系且没有一定的时间性,故用现在分词形
式。
21.(2015重庆,6) ????(raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow,he had a long,hard road to becoming
a football star.
答案 Raised 句意:他是在格拉斯哥最贫穷的地区长大的,经过一条漫长而艰难的道路才成
了一名足球明星。raise与句子主语之间为被动关系,且动作已经完成,故用过去分词形式。
22.(2014湖南,21)Children,when ????(accompany)by their parents,are allowed to enter the stadi-
um.
答案 accompanied 句意:当孩子们由父母陪同时,他们才被允许进入这个运动场。本题考查
非谓语动词作状语。句子主语children与accompany之间为逻辑上的被动关系。when accom-
panied by their parents相当于when children are accompanied by their parents,故答案为accompa-
nied。
23.(2014湖南,27)There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grass-
land, ????(stare)at the night sky.
答案 staring 句意:没有比仰面躺在草地中央凝视着夜空更惬意的事情了。本题考查非谓
语动词作状语。lying on my back in the middle of the grassland的逻辑主语与stare之间为逻辑
上的主动关系,故答案为staring。
24.(2014湖南,35) ????(free)ourselves from the physical and mental tensions,we each need deep
thought and inner quietness.
答案????To free 句意:为了让我们从身体和精神的紧张中放松下来,我们都需要深入的思考和
内心的平静。根据题干和句意可知空格处为目的状语,应使用不定式,故答案为To free。
25.(2014陕西,20) ????(work)out the difficult maths problem,I have consulted Professor Russell
several times.
答案 To work 句意:为了解决这道数学难题,我已经向Russell教授请教了好几次了。从题
意可知,设空处为动词不定式作目的状语,故答案为To work。
26.(2014四川,7)—I hope to take the computer course.
—Good idea. ????(find) out more about it,visit this website.
答案 To find 句意:——我希望选电脑课。——好主意,要想更多地了解这个课程,请访问这
个网站。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。根据句意可知该空作目的状语,所以要用动词不定式
作目的状语,故答案为To find。
考点五 非谓语动词作补语
1.(2019江苏,32)China????s image is improving steadily, with more countries ????(recognize) its
role in international affairs.
答案 recognizing 句意:随着更多的国家承认中国在国际事务中所起的作用,中国形象正在
稳定提高。在with的复合结构中,宾语more countries与recognize之间存在逻辑上的主动关系,
故由现在分词作宾语补足语。
2.(2018天津,7)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph ????(take).
答案 taken 句意:我需要一个新护照,因此我得照张相片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足
语。宾语my photograph与take为被动关系,且表示让他人去做这件事,因此用过去分词作宾补,
即have sth. done结构,意为“让某事被做”。
3.(2015陕西,18)Back from his two-year medical service in Africa,Dr.Lee was very happy to see
his mother ????(take) good care of at home.
答案????taken 句意:在非洲提供了两年的医疗服务,李医生回来后十分高兴地看到家里的母亲
得到了很好的照顾。本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。宾语his mother与动词短语take good care
of之间为逻辑上的被动关系且表示完成,故用过去分词形式。
4.(2015浙江,18)Listening to music at home is one thing,going to hear it ????(perform) live is
quite another.
答案 being performed 句意:在家听音乐是一回事,去听现场演奏完全是另外一回事。本题
考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。宾语it与perform间为逻辑上的被动关系且表示进行,故答案
为being performed。
5.(2014四川,5)The manager was satisfied to see many new products ????(develop)after great ef-
fort.
答案 developed 句意:经理看到经过巨大努力许多新产品被研发出来后非常满意。本题考
查非谓语动词作宾补。many new products与develop之间是被动关系,所以要用过去分词。