2020版英语高分突破大二轮课标Ⅰ地区专用(课件+PDF教师用书):专题十五 并列连词、复合句及特殊句式

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名称 2020版英语高分突破大二轮课标Ⅰ地区专用(课件+PDF教师用书):专题十五 并列连词、复合句及特殊句式
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专题十五  并列连词、复合句及特殊句式 1 
专题十五 并列连词、复合句及特殊句式
对应学生用书起始页码 P306
考点一 并列连词
并列连词 用法 例句
and
both...and...
not only...but
(also) ...
neither... nor...
表 示
顺 承
或 递

关系
He had plenty of money and he spent
it freely.他有很多钱,他可以随便花。
Not only did he speak more correctly,
but (also)he spoke more easily. 他不
仅说得更正确而且说得更轻松。
but
yet
whereas
while
表 示
对 比
或 转

关系
Jane said she was ill, but (yet) I saw
her in the street just now. 简说她病
了,但刚才我还在大街上看到了她。
Some men are rich, while (whereas)
others are poor. 一些人很富有但其他
人却很贫穷。
or
either... or...
not... but...
表 示
选 择
关系
Either you are right, or I am. 要么你
对,要么我对。
She is not a teacher but a student.她
不是一位老师,而是一名学生。
for
so
表 示
因 果
关系
It must have rained last night, for it is
wet all over.昨晚一定下雨了,因为到
处都是湿的。
The shops were closed, so I didn????t get
any milk. 商店都关门了, 所以我没
买到牛奶。
    注意:(1) and, or 还可用于“祈使句+and / or+陈述句”
中,相当于“ if... / if...not...+主句”。
Work hard and you will succeed.( = If you work hard, you
will succeed.)努力工作,你就会成功。
Dress warmly, or you????ll catch a cold. ( = If you don????t dress
warmly, you????ll catch a cold.)穿暖和点,否则你会感冒的。
(2)but 还可用于“ I????m sorry but...”和“Excuse me but...”
句型中。
I am sorry but I won????t be able to come tonight.对不起我
今晚不能来。
Excuse me but could you keep this seat for me for a while?
对不起,你能帮我看一会这个位置吗?
(3)when 还可用作并列连词,其意义为“这时,那时”,相
当于 and at this / that time。 常用于下列句式:①sb. was doing
sth. when... ②sb. was about to do / on the point of doing sth.
when... ③sb. had just done sth. when...。
We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们
正在开会这时有人闯了进来。
We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.
我们刚要出发,这时天突然开始下雨。
I had just finished my homework when Tom came to me.
我刚写完作业,Tom 就来找我了。
用并列连词填空
①Shall we go out to the cinema  or  stay at home?
② There are many kinds of sports,  but  my favorite is
swimming.
③Henry is very smart,  so  many of his classmates like him.
④Work hard  and  you will be admitted to a key university.
⑤Hurry up  or  you will miss the bus.
考点二 定语从句
    一、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
分类 用法 例句
限 制 性
定 语
从句
对先行词起修饰限
制作用
He has two sons who work in
the same company.(Perhaps he
has more than two sons.)
他有两个在同一家公司上班
的儿子。
非 限 制
性 定 语
从句
对先行词起补充说
明作用。 先行词与
定语从句往往由逗
号隔开。 相当于并
列句、状语从句等
He has two sons,who work in
the same company. ( He has
only two sons.) 他有两个儿
子,他们在同一家公司上班。
    同义句转换
①That is his father,and he works in Shanghai.
That is his father, who  works in Shanghai.
②I like the boy,who is very lovely.
I like the boy, because / for  he is very lovely.
③He told me a story yesterday,and I thought it was very
interesting.
He told me a story yesterday, which  I thought was very
interesting.
二、关系代词基本用法
关系代词 用法 例句
who
用于限制性或非限
制性定语从句。 先
行词指人,在定语从
句中作主语、宾语。
在限制性定语从句
中 who 可 用 that
代替
She is the girl who( that) lives
next door.她就是住在隔壁的
女孩。
Do you know the boy who
( that) is standing there? 你认
识正站在那里的那个男孩吗?
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2  5年高考 3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
续表
关系代词 用法 例句
whom
用于限制性或非限
制性定语从句。 先
行词指人,在定语从
句中作宾语。 在限
制性定语从句中可
用 who 或 that 代替,
但介词提到关系代
词前,只能用 whom
That????s the girl ( whom / who /
that) I teach.那就是我教的
女孩。
This is the scientist, the
achievements of whom are
well known. ( = This is the
scientist, of whom the
achievements are well
known.)这就是那位成就卓著
的科学家。
which
用于限制性或非限
制性定语从句。 先
行词指物或一句话,
在定语从句中作主
语、宾语。 在限制性
定语 从 句 中 which
可用 that 代替
That is the book ( that / which)
I want to read.那就是我想要
读的那本书。
He was late again, which
made the teacher very
unhappy.他又迟到了,这使得
老师很不高兴。
that
只用于限制性定语
从句。 先行词指人
或物,在定语从句中
作主 语、 宾 语 或 表
语。 指人时通常可
以用 who,whom 互
换,指 物 时 可 以 和
which 互换,但关系
代词作宾语且介词
提 到 其 前 面, 不
用 that
She is the girl that(who) likes
sports.她就是喜欢运动的那个
女孩。
That is the place that(which)
all of us are eager to visit.那就
是我们大家都急于参观的
地方。
whose
用于限制性或非限
制性定语从句。 先
行词指人或物且在
定语从句中作定语,
相当于 of whom 或
of which
This is the scientist whose
achievements are well known.
这就是那位成就卓著的科
学家。
This is the house whose
window broke last night.
这就是昨晚窗户坏了的那所
房子。
as
用于限制性定语从
句中,先行词指人或
物且在限制性定语
从句 中 作 主 语、 宾
语、表语。 常用句型
为:①such(+名词) +
as... ( 像 …… 一 样
的,像……之类的)
② the same + 名词 +
as... ( 和 …… 同 样
的)
We have found such materials
as are used in their factory.
我们已经找到了像他们工厂
里用的那种材料。 ( as 作主
语)
This book is not such as I
expect.这不是我想要的书。
(as 作宾语)
I have the same book as
he has.
我和他有同样的书。 ( as 作
宾语)
用于非限制性定语
从句中,先行词为整
个主句或主句中的
一部分,意为:正如
……,像……
As is known to us all,China is
in the east of Asia.众所周知,
中国在亚洲的东部。
    用 who,whom,that,which,whose,as 填空
④The house  whose  windows face north belongs to him.
⑤The man  who / whom/ that /不填  you met just now is
my old friend.
⑥The man  who / that  is walking in the playground is my
old friend.
⑦Take the book  which / that  is lying on the table.
⑧She is such a girl   as  is always finding fault with other
people.
三、关系代词 that 和 which的特殊用法
1.限制性定语从句中,用关系代词 that 而不能用 which
的情况:
①当先行词是不定代词 all,
little,few,much,everything,
anything, nothing, none,
some 等时
Do you have anything that you
want to say for yourself?
你有什么要为自己说的吗?
② 当 先 行 词 前 面 有 the
only,the very(恰恰,正好),
any, every, no, all, few,
little,much,the right,the last
等词修饰时
This is the very bus that I????m
waiting for.
这就是我正在等的公交车。
③当先行词是形容词最高
级或先行词的前面有形容
词最高级修饰时
This is the best way that has been
used against pollution.这是曾经用
过的最好的抗污染的办法。
④当先行词是序数词或它
前面有序数词修饰时
This train is the last that will go to
Suzhou.这是去苏州的最后一趟
火车。
⑤ 当 先 行 词 既 有 人 又 有
物时
Do you know the things and
persons that they are talking about?
你知道他们正在谈论的事和人吗?
⑥当主句的主语是疑问词
who 或 which 时
Which is the bike that you lost?
哪辆是你丢的自行车?
⑦有两个定语从句时,其中
一个关系代词宜用 which,
另外一个宜用 that
They secretly built up a small
factory,which produced things that
could cause pollution.
他们偷偷地建了一家小工厂,这家
工厂生产可能造成污染的东西。
    2.当先行词指事 /物时,定语从句中关系代词用 which 不
用 that的情况:
①在非限制性定语从句中
The sports meeting was put off,
which astonished me.运动会被推
迟了,这使我很吃惊。
②当动词短语中的介词提
前时
注意:在一些固定搭配的动
词短语中,由于动词和介词
不可分割,因此不能把介词
置于关系代词之前
This is a house in which Lu Xun
once lived.
这是鲁迅曾住过的房子(之一)。
(√)This is the pen(which / that)
I????m looking for.
这是我正寻找的那支钢笔。
(×)This is the pen for which I????m
looking.
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专题十五  并列连词、复合句及特殊句式 3 
续表
③先行词后面有插入语时
Here is the English grammar book
which,as I????ve told you, will help
you improve your English.
这就是我告诉过你的那本英语语
法书,它能帮你提高英语。
④先行词本身就是 that 时
What????s that which flashed through
the sky just now?
刚才在天空中一闪而过的是什么?
    用关系代词 that 或 which 填空
⑨I refuse to accept the blame for something   that  was
someone else????s fault.
⑩ Whenever I met her,  which  was fairly often, she
greeted me with a sweet smile.
????????????All the presents   that  your friends gave you on your
birthday should be put away.
????????????This is the very book   that  I have been looking for.
????????????He was late for the opening ceremony, which  was very
surprising to me.
四、关系代词 as,which的区别
as 和 which 都可以引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为整
个主句或主句中的一部分内容,关系词在定语从句中作主
语、宾语或表语,as 与 which 均不可省略,有时两者可以互换。
1.下列情况通常只用 as而不用 which:
条件 例句
当 定 语 从 句 置 于 主 句 前
面时
As you see, the Chinese people are
hard?working.正如你所看到的,中
国人民是勤劳的。
关系词作主语且定语从句
为被动语态形式时,从句谓
语 通 常 为: be known, be
said, be reported, be
announced,be mentioned 等
She has been absent again, as is
expected.
她又缺席了,这在预料之中。
在下列习惯用语中:as ( it)
seems likely, as ( it ) often
happens, as ( it ) was pointed
out,as(it)was said earlier,as I
remember(it),as I understand
(it),as(it)appears,as is often
the case,as anybody can see,as
we have expected
Jack has won the first prize, as it
often happens.像往常一样,杰克得
了一等奖。
She has read widely in Romantic
Literature, as it appears from her
essay.
她广泛涉猎了浪漫主义文学,这从
她的文章中可以看出来。
    2.下列情况通常用 which而不用 as:
条件 例句
①关系代词代表前面主句
中的宾语从句或定语从句
的谓语带有一个复合宾语
结构时
I don????t think that he will come to
see me,which makes me sad.我认
为他不会来看我了,这使我伤心。
②当主句和从句存在逻辑
上的因果关系时
Tom was late for school again and
again,which made his teacher very
angry.汤姆一次又一次上学迟到,
这使得他的老师很生气。
续表
条件 例句
③当非限制性定语从句是
否定句或表示否定时
He came here very late,which was
unexpected(not expected) .他来这
里很晚,这是意料之外的。
He pretended not to know me,
which I didn????t understand.他假装
不认识我,我真不明白。
④非限制性定语从句中的
be 动 词 不 能 省 略 时, 用
which;反之用 as
Jane told me she won the match,
which was a lie.
简告诉我她赢了比赛,这是谎话。
(was 不可省略)
As (was) planned,we met at the
airport.按照计划,我们在机场相见
了。 (was 可省略)
    单句填空
????????????A lot of language learning,   as  has been discovered,is
happening in the first year of life,so parents should talk much to
their children during that period.
????????????There is no simple answer,   as  is often the case in
science.
五、“介词+which / whom”引导定语从句的用法
1.当介词放在关系代词的前面时,关系代词常用 which
或 whom,并且不能省略。
He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows,most of
which hadn????t been cleaned for at least a year.
他付给男孩 10 美元擦洗 10 个窗户,这 10 个窗户中大部
分至少一年没擦了。
In the dark street, there wasn????t a single person, to whom
she could turn for help.
在黑暗的街道上,她没有一个可以求助的人。
2.在非限制性定语从句中,“介词+which / whom 从句”
结构中的介词不能移到从句的后面。
He has visited Gu????an No. One High School for several
times, in which he has many friends.( in 不能放在定语从句句
末)
他已经参观过固安一中几次了,在那里他有很多朋友。
3.“复合介词短语+which”引导的定语从句常与先行词
用逗号分开,定语从句常用倒装语序。
He lived in a big house,in front of which stood a big tall tree.
他住在一所大房子里,房子前面有一棵又大又高的树。
4.“介词+which / whom+不定式”结构。
The poor man has no house in which to live.
=The poor man has no house ( that / which)he can live in.
=The poor man has no house in which he can live.
=The poor man has no house to live in.
那个穷人没房子住。
单句填空
????????????He may win the competition,in  which  case he is likely
to get into the national team.
????????????Frank????s dream is to have his own garden in  which  to
produce many beautiful flowers.
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4  5年高考 3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
六、关系副词的用法
关系副词 用法 例句
when
指时间,在定语从句
中作时间状语,相当
于 “表时间的介词
(如:in,at,on,during
等)+which”
I still remember the day when I
first came to Beijing. (when =
on which)我还记得第一次来
北京的那一天。
where
指地点,在定语从句
中作地点状语,相当
于 “表地点的介词
(如: in,at,on,under
等)+which”
Can you tell me the office
where he works? (where = in
which)你能告诉我他工作的
办公室吗?
why
指原因,在定语从句
中作原因状语,相当
于 “表原因的介词
(如:for)+which”
Do you know the reason why
he is absent? ( why = for
which) 你 知 道 他 缺 席 的 原
因吗?
    注意:(1)当先行词为 situation,case,stage,point 等,且关
系词在定语从句中作状语时,也要用关系副词 where 引导。
They have reached the point where they have to separate
with each other.他们已经到了必须分手的地步。
单句填空
???????????? He wrote a letter  where  he explained what had
happened in the accident.
???????????? Sales director is a position  where  communication
ability is just as important as sales skills.
(2)有时为表达清楚,还可以在关系副词 where / when 前
加介词 from / to 等。
China is the birthplace of kites, from where kite flying
spreads to Japan,Korea,Thailand and India.
中国是风筝的发源地,从这里放风筝传到了日本、朝鲜、
泰国和印度。
(3)关系副词 when,where 可用于非限制性定语从句中,
而关系副词 why 不可以。
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考点三 名词性从句
    一、名词性从句的结构和功能总述
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 名词性从句是一种具有名词功能的非独立分句。 名词性
从句主要有四种从句结构:以 that 引导的从句;以 whether / if 引导的从句;以连接代词 /副词 who,where,why 等引导的从句;以
what 或 wh?ever 等引导的名词性关系从句。 此外,as if / as though 也可引导表语从句。 具体用法见下表:
主语从句
宾语从句
作及物动词宾语 作介词宾语
表语从句 同位语从句
that 一般不省略 可以省略 一般不省略 一般不省略 一般不省略
whether / if(是否)
放于句首时常
用 whether
用 whether / if 均可,
但有区别
常用 whether 常用 whether 常用 whether
连接代词 / 副词 注意语序要用陈述句语序
名词性关系从句 注意语序要用陈述句语序
    完成下列句子
①Can you tell me  how I can  (我如何能) get to the
railway station?
②These photographs will show you   what our village
looks / is like (我们村看上去是什么样子的) .
二、以 that 引导的从句
(一)that从句作主语
1.that 从句作主语时,常用 it 作形式主语,常见的句
型有:
句型 例句
It+ be +形容词( obvious, true,
natural, surprising, good,
wonderful, funny, possible,
likely,certain,probable,etc.) +
that 从句
It is certain that she will do well
in her exam.
可以肯定她会考得很好。
It + be + 名 词 ( 词 组 ) ( no
wonder, an honor, a good
thing,a pity,no surprise,etc.)+
that 从句
It????s no surprise that our team
has won the game.
我们队已经赢了那场比赛并不
令人惊奇。
续表
句型 例句
It + be + 过 去 分 词 ( said,
reported, thought, expected,
decided, announced, arranged,
etc.)+that 从句
It is said that Mr???? Green has
arrived in Beijing.
据说格林先生已经到北京了。
It+ 动词或动词短语 ( seem,
appear, happen, matter, turn
out, prove, occur, etc.) + that
从句
It happened that he was out.他
碰巧出去了。
It proves that he is silly.事实证
明他很愚蠢。
    2.在口语中,that 常可省略,尤其是在非常短的句子中,
但 that从句位于句首时,that是不能省略的。
It????s a pity( that)you????re leaving.你要离开,真遗憾。
That we are invited to the concert this evening is good
news to us.
我们被邀请去参加今晚的音乐会,这对我们来说是个好
消息。
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专题十五  并列连词、复合句及特殊句式 5 
    (二)that从句作宾语
1.that从句可作及物动词的宾语,常用的结构有:
结构 例句
及 物 动 词、 be
sure 等 + that
从句
Do you know( that)he has joined the army? 你
知道他参军了吗?
及物动词+it+宾
补+that 从句
He has made it clear that he will not give in.他
不会屈服的,这一点他已明确表示了。
    2.that从句作介词宾语,常用结构有:
结构 例句
in / except+
that 从句
He is a good student except that he is a little bit
careless.他是个好学生,就是有点儿粗心。
He differed from his classmates in that he devoted
his spare time to reading.他和他的同学不同的地
方在于他把业余时间用在了读书上。
其他介词+it+
that 从句
You may depend on it that I shall always help
you.你要相信我会一直帮助你的。
    (三)that引导的表语从句、同位语从句
从句 用法 例句
表语从句
that 从句作
表 语, that
一 般 不
省略
My decision is that all of us are to start
at 6 o????clock tomorrow morning.
我的决定是我们所有人明天早上 6 点
出发。
同位语
从句
that 从句作
同 位 语,
that 不 可
省略
There????s a feeling in me that we????ll never
know what a UFO is.
我有一种感觉,我们将永远不会知道不
明飞行物是什么。
    (四)that引导同位语从句与 that引导定语从句的区别
从句 例句 区别
同位语
从句
The news that our football
team won the match was
encouraging.
我们足球队赢了比赛的
消息令人鼓舞。
①对前面的名词起补充
说明的作用
② 同 位 语 从 句 ( our
football team won the
match)不缺任何成分
定语从句
The news( that)we heard
on the radio was not true.
我们在收音机里听到的
那则消息不是真的。
①对先行词起修饰限制
的作用
②定语从句(we heard on
the radio)是残缺的句子
    单句填空
③It is obvious to the students   that  they should get well
prepared for their future.
④The news   that  we are having a holiday tomorrow is not
true.
三、以 whether / if(是否)引导的从句
1.whether / if(是否)引导的表语从句、同位语从句
从句 用法 例句
表语从句 只用 whether
The problem is whether the meeting
will be held.问题是这个会议是否将
要举行。
续表
从句 用法 例句
同位语
从句
只用 whether
I have no idea whether the meeting will
be held.我不知道会议是否会举行。
    2.whether / if(是否)引导的主语从句
条件 引导词 例句
句首 whether
Whether the meeting will
be held is still a problem.
是否 要 开 会 仍 然 是 个
问题。
it 作 形 式
主语,主语
从 句 置 于
句末
与 or not
直接连用
whether
It makes no difference
whether or not he comes.
他是否来无关紧要。
与 表 示 选
择 的 or...
连用
whether
It makes no difference
whether he comes or
leaves.他是来还是去无
关紧要。
与 or not
不 直 接
连用
whether
或 if
It makes no difference
whether / if he comes or
not. 他是否来无关紧要。
    3.whether / if(是否)引导的宾语从句
引导词 条件 例句
只用
whether
不用 if
与 or not 直 接
连用
I don????t care whether or not he
comes.我不在乎他是否来。
与表示选择的
or...连用
I don????t care whether he will leave
or stay.我不在乎他是去还是留。
为了强调宾语
从句,将宾语从
句提前时
Whether he will come I am not
sure.他是不是来我拿不准。
Whether he is married I don????t
know.他是否已婚我不清楚。
用 if 表 示 “ 是
否”容易产生歧
义时
Please let me know whether you need
help.请告诉我你是否需要帮助。
对比:
Please let me know if you need
help.如果你需要帮忙请告诉我。 /
请告诉我你是否需要帮助。
后加不定式
I don????t know whether to go there.
我不知道(我)是否去那里。
作介词宾语
It depends on whether you can do
the work well.那取决于你是否能
做好这项工作。
作 discuss 的
宾语
We are discussing whether we will
accept his offer.我们正讨论是否接
受他的帮助。
用 if 或
whether
均可
宾语从句中不
含 or(not)
He didn????t tell me if / whether he
would come. 他 没 告 诉 我 他 是
否来。
与 or not 不 直
接连用
I don????t care whether / if he comes or
not. 我不在乎他是否来。
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6  5年高考 3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
    用 whether / if 填空
⑤It is still under discussion  whether / if the old bus station
should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.
⑥I am not sure  whether / if he will come here or not.
⑦This decision will have an effect on  whether or not he
will succeed.
四、以连接代词 /副词 where,who,how,why 等引导
的从句
名词性从句 例句
主语从句
Why he is often absent from class is a mystery.他为
什么总是缺课是个谜。
It makes no difference where we shall have the
meeting.我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。 ( It 为形式主
语,where we shall have the meeting 为真正主语)
宾语从句
I can????t imagine how he did it.我不能想象他是如何
??
做的这件事。 (从句作及物动词的宾语)
It all depends on how we solve the problem.
这完全要看我们如何
??
解决这个问题。 (从句作介词
on 的宾语)
表语从句
The problem is where we should stay.
问题是我们应该待在哪里
???

同位语从句
My question how I shall get in touch with him has not
been answered.
我如何
??
能和他取得联系的问题还没有得到答复。
    单句填空
⑧I????m afraid he????s more of a talker than a doer,which is
 why he never finished anything.
五、以 what 或 wh?ever 等引导的名词性从句
引导词 用法 例句
what
= the thing ( s )
that...,意为:……
的东西
What they need ( = The thing
that they need ) is a good
textbook.他们需要的是一本好
课本。
whatever
= anything that...,
意为:……的任何
东西
Whatever he likes( = Anything
that he likes) will be given to
him.他喜欢的任何东西都会
给他。
You can write about whatever
topic you prefer ( = any topic
that you prefer) .你可以写你喜
欢的任何题目。
whichever
= any member of
a group of people
or things that...,意
为:(在某范围之
内) …… 的 任 何
人、物
Whichever book he bought
would be paid for.(这些书中)
无论他买哪一本书都要付款。
It doesn????t matter to me
whichever you choose.你选择
哪一个对我来说都无所谓。
whoever
= anyone who...,
意 为: …… 的 任
何人
Whoever did this job must be
rewarded.干这项工作的任何人
一定会得到酬谢。
    单句填空
⑨Many young people in the West are expected to leave
 what  could be life????s most important decision—marriage—
almost entirely up to luck.
⑩ Whichever one of you breaks the window will have to
pay for it.
???????????? The book can be of help to  whoever  wants to do
the job.
????????????She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do
 whatever it takes to save her life.
????????????—How about camping this weekend,just for a change?
—OK, whatever you want.
????????????To improve the quality of our products,we asked for
suggestions  whoever  had used the products.
六、名词性从句的几个易混点
(一)that通常不可省略的情况:
1.that引导的主语从句置于句首时。
That prices will go up is certain.
物价要上涨是肯定的。
2.当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时,引导第
二个和以后几个从句的 that不可省略。
He told me he had to leave and that he would be back
soon.
他告诉我他得离开且很快就回来。
3.由 it 作形式宾语时,引导宾语从句的 that 大多不可
省略。
You can put it that it was arranged before.
您可以说这是之前安排好的。
(二)as if / as though,because,why也可引导表语从句。
It looked as if it was going to rain.
看起来天好像要下雨。
That????s because he didn????t work hard enough.
那是因为他工作不够努力。
That was why I asked for three days???? leave.
那就是为什么我请了三天假。
注意:because 引导表语从句时,主句主语不能是 reason
或 cause,而且 since 和 as 不能引导表语从句。 The reason is
that...才是正确的。
考点四 状语从句
    一、时间状语从句
1.when,while,as
连词 词义 用法
when
当 ……
时候
状语从句谓语动词
可是延续性动词,也
可是瞬间动词
从句动作可先
于主句动作,也
可和主句动作
同时发生
while
当 ……
时候
状语从句谓语动词
是延续性动词
侧重主句动作
和从句动作相
对比
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专题十五  并列连词、复合句及特殊句式 7 
续表
连词 词义 用法
as
一 边 ……
一边……,
随着
状语从句谓语动词
是延续性动词
表示从句和主
句的两个动作
交替进行或同
时完成
    如:
When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on
Sundays.
我住在那里时,星期天常到海滨去。
When the film ended,the people went back.
电影一结束,人们便回去了。
Please don????t talk so loud while others are working.
别人在工作时请别那么大声谈话。
As time goes on,it????s getting warmer and warmer.
随着时间的推移,天气变得越来越暖和了。
注意:如果主句表示的是短暂性动作,而从句用延续性
动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作,此时
when,while 与 as 可互换使用。
When / While / As I was walking down the street, I came
across an old friend of mine.
当我沿大街行走时,碰巧遇到了我的一个老朋友。
用 when,while,as 填空
①  When / While / As  I was waiting at the bus stop, I
noticed a police car in front of the store.
② When  John arrived,I was cooking lunch.
③ As  he grew older,he lost interest in everything except
gardening.
2.表示“一……就……”的连词
分类 例词 例句
连词 as soon as,once
I will call you as soon as I
arrive.我一到就给你打电话。
像 名 词
的连词
the moment, the
minute,the instant
The moment I heard the
voice, I knew my father was
coming.一听到那个声音,我
就知道父亲来了。
像 副 词
的连词
immediately,directly
The boy burst into tears
immediately he saw his
mother.那个男孩一见到他妈
妈便放声大哭。
固 定
句式
hardly / scarcely...
when...;no sooner ...
than...
Hardly had I got home when it
began to rain.我一到家天就下
起雨来。
    注意:no sooner... than...,hardly / scarcely...when...结构的
时态搭配为:no sooner 与 hardly / scarcely 所在的主句的谓语
动词应用过去完成时,而 than 与 when 引导的从句的谓语动
词应用一般过去时。 此外,当把 no sooner 和 hardly / scarcely
提到句首时,其所在的主句应用倒装语序。
We had no sooner arrived at the station than the train left.
=No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train
left.
我们一到车站,火车就离站了。
单句填空
④He had no sooner finished his speech   than  the students
started cheering.
⑤You will be successful in the interview  once  you have
confidence.
⑥Just use this room for the time being,and we????ll offer you
a larger one as   soon  as it becomes available.
3.till,until和 not...until
连词 位置 句式 例句
till 句中
until
句首、
句中
主句的谓语动
词必须是延续
性 动 词, 意 为
“某动作一直延
续到某时间点
才停止”
He remained there
until / till she arrived.他
在那儿一直待到她来。
Until you told me I had
no idea of it.直到你告
诉我,我才知道此事。
not..
until
一般
句式
倒装
句式
强调
句式
主句的谓语动
词必须是非延
续性动词,意为
“某动作直到某
时间才开始”
He won????t go to bed
till / until she returns.
直到她回来他才去睡。
Not until you told me did
I have any idea of it.
It was not until you
told me that I had any
idea of it.
    同义句转换
I didn????t leave until she came back.
⑦ Not until  she came back  did  I leave.
⑧  It was  not until she came back   that  I left.
4.after,before
after 意为“在……之后”;before 意为“在……之前,还未
……就……,不到……就……,……才……,还没来得及……
就……”等。
He changed his idea after he thought it over.
他仔细思考之后改变了主意。
We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw
land.
我们航行了 4 天 4 夜才
?
看到陆地。
It was half a year before I came back.
半年后我才
?
回来。
It won????t be long before we meet again.
过不了多长时间我们就
?
会再见面了。
5.since引导的时间状语从句
(1)since 的基本用法
since 意为“自从……”,引导的时间状语从句的谓语动
词一般是非延续性动词,用一般过去时; 主句的谓语动词是
延续性的或者是反复发生过的动作,其时态常用现在完成时
或现在完成进行时。
I have written home four times since I came here.
自从我来到这儿,我已经给家里写过四次信了。
She has been working in this factory since she left school.
她离开学校以后就一直在这个工厂工作。
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8  5年高考 3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
(2)“ It is+一段时间+since 从句”句型
在“ It is+一段时间+since 从句”句型中,since 引导的从
句的谓语动词若是延续性动词,时间的计算从 since 从句的
动作或状态结束时算起;若 since 引导的从句的谓语动词是
终止性动词,计时起点从动作开始时算起。
It is three years since the war broke out.(终止性动词)
自战争爆发以来已有三年了。
It is three years since I smoked a cigar( = since I stopped
smoking a cigar) .(延续性动词)
我不吸烟已有三年了。
如果译成“我吸烟已有三年了”,应为: It is three years
since I began to smoke.(终止性动词)
英译汉
⑨It is three years since she was in our class.
 她离开我们班已有三年了。  
⑩It is three years since he lived here.
 他不在这儿住已有三年了。  
单句填空
????????????As is reported,it is more than 100 years   since  Tsinghua
University was founded.
????????????Because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for
lunch  when  she got to her office.
????????????I have heard a lot of good things about you   since  I
came back from abroad.
6.every time,each time,next time, the last time,any
time等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句,表示“每当……;每
次……;下次……”等。
Every / Each time I was in trouble,he would come to help
me out.
每当我处于困境,他就会来帮助我。
Next time you come,do remember to bring your son here.
下次你来这里的时候,一定记着把你儿子带来。
The last time she saw James,he was lying in bed.
上次她看见詹姆斯的时候,他正躺在床上。
二、地点状语从句
连词 词义 从句位置 例句
where
wherever
…… 的
地方
指具体地点时,
从句可用于 主
句之前或之后;
表示抽象条件
的含义时,从句
需 放 在 主 句
之前
You are free to go
wherever you like.
你愿意去哪里就去哪
里。 (具体地点)
Where there is a will,
there is a way.
有志者,事竟成。 (抽
象条件)
    单句填空
????????????After the war,a new school building was put up  where 
there had once been a theatre.
????????????I have kept the portrait  where  I can see it every day,as
it always reminds me of my university days in London.
三、原因状语从句
引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有:
because 因为    as 由于    since / now that 既然
in that 因为  seeing that 鉴于  considering that 考虑到
I was absent from the meeting because I was ill.
因为我病了,所以我开会缺席了。
As it is raining,we shall not go to the park.
由于在下雨,我们不去公园了。
Now that / Since everybody is here,let????s begin our meeting.
既然大家都在这里,我们开始开会吧。
单句填空
????????????I did it  because  he had told me to.
???????????? Now  that my head had cleared,my brain was also
beginning to work much better.
四、目的状语从句
连词 词义 例句
in order that
(置于句首或
句中)
so that (置于
句中)
以便……;
为了……
I????ll speak slowly so that / in order
that you can understand me.我会
慢慢说,以便你能懂我的意思。
In order that we might see the
sunrise,we started for the peak
early.为了能看到日出,我们很
早就出发去了山顶。
for fear that
唯恐,以免某
事会发生
Mary didn????t want to get out of
bed for fear that she might wake
her baby(up) .玛丽不想起床,以
免吵醒她的宝宝。
in case 以防
Take your raincoat in case it
rains.带上雨衣吧,以防下雨。
    单句填空
????????????I took my driving license with me on holiday, in   case  I
wanted to hire a car.
????????????She finally ran away for   fear  that her parents would
scold her.
五、结果状语从句
1.引导结果状语从句的从属连词有:so... that...,such...
that...。 注意其结构:
so+形容词 /副词+that 从句
so+形容词+a / an+可数名词单数形式+that 从句
so+many / much / few / little(少)+名词+that 从句
such+a / an+形容词+可数名词单数形式+that 从句
such+形容词+可数名词复数形式 /不可数名词+that 从句
such+a lot of / lots of+名词+that 从句
ì
?
í
?
?
??
?
?
?
如:
Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe in him.
=Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe in him.
迈克是一个如此诚实的工人,以至于我们都相信他。
It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.
天气如此晴朗,以至于我们都想去公园。
He earned so little money that he couldn????t support his family.
他挣这么少的钱,以至于养不起家。
注意:(1)为了强调形容词和副词,当 so 或 such 置于句
首时,主句要用倒装语序。
So clever a student was he that he was able to work out
all the difficult problems.
他是如此聪明的一个学生,以至于成功地解出了所有难题。
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专题十五  并列连词、复合句及特殊句式 9 
(2)当 so 或 such 所在的主句主语与结果状语从句中的
主语一致时,还可简化为:so / such...as to...。
He was so clever a student that he was able to work out all
the difficult problems.→
He was so clever a student as to be able to work out all the
difficult problems.
用 so 或 such 填空
????????????It is not surprising that   such  little worms eat so little
grain.
????????????Can you believe that in   such  a rich country there
should be so many poor people?
????????????He is   so  smart a boy that I like him very much.
2.除结果状语从句外,too... to...(太……而不能……),
enough to...(达到某种程度可以……)等结构同样可以表示
结果。
他起床太晚了,没有赶上那班公共汽车。
He didn????t get up early enough to catch the bus.
=He got up too late to catch the bus.
同义句转换
He is so young that he can????t join the army.
????????????He is not old   enough  to join the army.
????????????He is   too  young to join the army.
????????????He is   so  young as not to join the army.
3.such...that...引导的状语从句与 such...as...引导的定
语从句的区别。
首先观察两个句子:
①He is such a clever boy as everyone likes.
他是一个人人都喜爱的聪明孩子。
②He is such a clever boy that everyone likes him.
他是一个如此聪明的孩子,以至于人人都喜欢他。
①句中 everyone likes 为残缺的句子,缺少宾语,故可判
断此处为定语从句;②句中 everyone likes him 结构完整,不
缺任何成分,故可判断此处为状语从句。
用 as,that 填空
????????????Such advice   as  he was given proved almost worthless.
????????????It was such a boring speech   that  I fell asleep.
六、条件状语从句
连词 词义 例句
if 如果
unless 除非
so / as long as 只要
in case 万一
on condition that 条件是
suppose /
supposing( that)
假设,如果
provided that 如果
You????ll fail the exam unless you study
hard(=if you don????t study hard).
除非你努力学习,否则你考试会不
及格。
As long as you don????t lose heart,you
will succeed. 你只要不灰心就会
成功。
Suppose / Supposing ( that ) they
refuse us,who else can we turn to
for help? 假如他们拒绝了我们,我
们还能求助于谁?
In case there is a fire,what will we
do first? 万一发生火灾,我们首先
做什么?
    单句填空
???????????? Unless  our manager objects to Tom????s joining the club,
we shall accept him as a member.
????????????You may use the room as you like   as / so  long as you
clean it up afterwards.
七、方式状语从句
引导方式状语从句的从属连词有:
as 正如;就像      as if / as though 好像,仿佛
as if 或 as though 引导的从句可以用虚拟语气,但如果从
句中所陈述的情况很可能实现,也可用陈述语气。
Do as you are told,or you????ll be fired.
告诉你怎么做你就怎么做,否则你会被解雇。
The lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.(虚拟语
气)这位女士对待这个男孩就像他是她自己的儿子似的。
He closed his eyes as if he was tired.(陈述语气)
他闭上了眼睛,好像累了。
单句填空
????????????Leave the table   as  it is.
????????????Jack wasn????t saying anything but the teacher smiled at him
as   if  he had done something very clever.
八、让步状语从句
连词 词义 例句
although /
though
尽管,虽然
He is unhappy, though / although
he has a lot of money.虽然他很
有钱,但他并不幸福。
as 尽管,虽然
Child as he is, the boy knows a
lot.尽管还是个孩子,但这个男
孩懂得很多。 (从句用倒装结
构)
even though /
even if
即使
Even though / Even if it is
raining,we????ll go there.即使下着
雨,我们也要去那里。
whether...or...
不管…… 还
是……
Whether you believe it or not,it
is true.不管你相信与否,那都是
真的。
疑问词+?ever
与 no matter+
疑问词
不管……;无
论……
Whatever( = No matter what)
you say,he won????t believe you.无
论你说什么,他都不会相信你说
的话。
    注意:(1) although 与 though 两者意思相同,一般可互
换,都可以与 yet, still 或 nevertheless 连用,但 不能和 but
连用。
Although / Though it was raining hard, yet they went on
playing football.
虽然雨下得很大,但他们还是继续踢足球。
(2) though 还可用作副词,意为“可是,然而”,置于句末。
He said he would come;he didn????t,though.
他说他会来,可是没有来。
(3)when,while 也可作从属连词,表让步,while 常用在
句首,when 常用在句中,相当于 although。
Suddenly,she stopped when she ought to have continued.
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10  5年高考 3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
尽管她应该继续下去,她却突然停住了。
While I admit that there are problems, I don????t agree that
they cannot be solved.
尽管我承认有问题存在,但我不同意说这些问题不能
解决。
(4) though 引导让步状语从句时,还可使用倒装句型,和
as 的用法一致。
Old as / though he is, he works very hard.( =Although he
is old, he works very hard.)虽然他年纪大了,但工作还是非
常努力。
单句填空
????????????It was a nice meal,   though  a little expensive.
????????????  While / Although / Though  all of them are strong
candidates,only one will be chosen for the post.
考点五 祈使句
    一、祈使句的定义
表示命令、建议、请求、禁止、警告、劝告的句子。
二、祈使句的形式
形式 例句



动词原形( +其他成
分)
Stand there! 站在那里!
Let+宾语+动词原形 Let me have a break.让我歇会儿。
Be+过去分词 Be seated, please.请坐。



在上面肯定式前加
“Don????t”或“Do not”
Don????t be so sure.别那么有把握。
Please don????t forget to take your
medicine.请不要忘了吃药。
Don????t let him go! 别让他走!
Let+宾语+not+动词
原形
Let him not stand in the rain.让他
别站在雨里了。



Do+动词原形 Do tell me the truth.务必和我说实话。
Never+动词原形 Never come late.千万别迟到。
No+(动)名词 No parking! 禁止停车!
    三、带主语的祈使句
(1)为了加强语气或要特别指明向谁提出命令或要求
时,需加主语“you”,有时还可同时加称呼。
Tom,you water the flowers! 汤姆,你去浇花!
(2)命令 /吩咐几个人分头做几件事情时,祈使句需带主
语“you”,还可同时带称呼语。
You,girls,clean the desks;you,boys,sweep the floor.
你们女生,擦桌子。 你们男生,打扫地板。
(3)在表达“不高兴,厌烦”等情绪时,可带主语“you”。
You mind your own business! 你少管闲事!
(4)祈使句的主语除了用“you”外,还可用“ everybody,
everyone”等,它们的位置可以放在句末。
Be quiet,everyone! 大家静下来!
考点六 there be句型
    一、there be句型概述
there be 句型在英语中表示“什么地方或什么时间存在
什么事物”。 在这种结构中,there 是引导词,be 后面的名词
是主语,句子的结尾是地点(时间)状语。
There is a big tree in front of the classroom. 教室前有棵
大树。
There will be a meeting at the conference room at 8
o????clock tomorrow morning.明天上午 8 点在会议室有一个
会议。
二、there be句型的主谓一致
如果有两个或两个以上的主语,谓语动词 be 要采用就近
一致原则。
There is a pen,two books,and many pencils on the desk.
桌子上有一支钢笔,两本书,还有许多铅笔。
三、there be句型的时态
there be 结构有不同时态的形式,而且可以和各种助动
词、情态动词连用。
There was a meeting in our school yesterday.昨天在我们
学校召开了一个会议。
There will be a new film shown on Sunday.星期日将上映
一部新电影。
There have been many great changes in our country since
then.自从那时起,我们国家发生了很多巨大的变化。
There can????t be any mistakes in his passage.他的文章里不
可能有什么错误。
四、there be句型的谓语
there be 结构中的谓语动词 be 有时可用 seem to be,
happen to be, is likely to be 或 remain, stand, lie, go, come,
exist, follow, live, occur 等替换。
There is likely to be something wrong with his computer.
他的电脑可能有毛病。
Once upon a time there lived an old monk in the temple.
从前那座庙里住着一个老和尚。
五、there be句型的非谓语形式
There being no enough time left, we have to hurry.
(Because there is no enough time left,...)时间不多了,我们得
抓紧。 (独立主格结构作状语)
There having been no water for 2 days,the travelers were
all very thirsty.(Because there had been no water for 2 days...)
已经断水两天了,这些游客们口渴得很厉害。 (独立主格结
构作状语)
What is the chance of there being an election this year? 今
年举行选举有多大的可能性? ( there be 的动名词形式作 of
的宾语)
I expect there to be many chances for him to get a job.我
希望他有很多机会找到工作。 ( there be 的不定式结构作
expect 的复合宾语)
六、there be的常用句型
There is no point / sense ( in)doing sth.做某事没有意义
There is no doubt about... / that...毫无疑问……
There is no need ( for sb.) to do sth.(某人)没必要做某事
There is no difficulty / trouble in doing sth.做某事没困难
There is no chance(possibility) of (doing) sth. / that 从句
做某事没有可能
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专题十五  并列连词、复合句及特殊句式 11 
用所给词的适当形式填空
①There   is (be) a chair and two tables in the room.
②There  being (be) no money in his pocket, he had to
go hungry.
③I wish there   to be (be) some chances for my readers.
④ It is necessary for there   to be  ( be ) a dictionary
with you.
⑤What is the chance of there  being  ( be) some good
dictionaries in that bookstore?
考点七 感叹句
形式 例句
what
What(+a / an) +形容
词+名词( +主语+谓
语)!
how
How+形容词+a / an+
单数可数名词+主语
+谓语!
How +形容词 / 副词
(+主语+谓语!)
How+主语+谓语!
What a clever boy he is!
=How clever the boy is!
=How clever a boy he is! 多
聪明的男孩子啊!
What beautiful flowers they
are! = How beautiful the
flowers are! 多美的花啊!
How wonderful( it is)! 真棒!
How time flies! 时间过得真
快啊!
    用 what 或 how 填空
① What  an interesting book it is!
② How  interesting a book it is!
③ What  interesting books they are!
④ What  delicious food I had!
⑤ How  kind of you to help!
⑥ How  I wish I were a bird!
考点八 反意疑问句
    反意疑问句由两部分构成:陈述部分+疑问部分。 陈述
部分是肯定形式时疑问部分用否定形式,且否定形式必须为
省略式。 陈述部分是否定形式时,疑问部分用肯定形式,即
“前肯定,后否定;前否定,后肯定”, 疑问部分的主语要用代
词。 陈述部分和疑问部分的主语以及谓语动词的人称、数、
时态通常要保持一致。
一、陈述部分含有 must / (may)might 的反意疑问句
当 must 作“必须”讲时,其反意疑问部分用 needn????t;当含
有 mustn????t(不允许、禁止)时,其反意疑问部分用 must / may。
You must go now,needn????t you? 你现在必须走,是吗?
You mustn????t smoke here,must / may you? 你不要在此处
吸烟,行吗?
当 must / may(might)表示推测,即 must 作“一定,准是”
讲,may / might 作 “可能” 讲时, 可首先将句子改为 “ I am
(not)sure+ that 从句”,反意疑问部分的动词形式根据 be
(not)sure 后的宾语从句的谓语动词形式确定。
You must / may(might) be hungry now,      ?
→I am(not) sure that you are hungry now, aren????t you?
→You must / may(might) be hungry now,aren????t you?
你现在一定 /可能饿了,是吗?
You must have heard about it,      ?
→I am sure that you have heard about it, haven????t you?
→You must have heard about it,haven????t you?
你一定听说过这件事了,是吗?
You must have watched that football match last night, 
    ?
→ I am sure that you watched that football match last
night, didn????t you?
→You must have watched that football match last night,
didn????t you?
你昨晚一定看足球赛了,是吗? (陈述部分有表示过去
的时间状语 last night)
二、陈述部分含有 used to的反意疑问句
陈述部分含有 used to 时,其反意疑问部分用 usedn????t 或
didn????t 均可。
You used to sleep with the windows open, usedn????t / didn????t
you? 你过去总是开着窗户睡觉,是吗?
三、陈述部分含有 ought to的反意疑问句
陈述部分含有 ought to 时,其反意疑问部分用 oughtn????t
或 shouldn????t 均可。
He ought to attend the lecture,oughtn????t / shouldn????t he? 他
应该参加这场讲座,是不是?
四、否定词或半否定词的反意疑问句
当陈述部分带有 seldom, hardly, scarcely, never, few,
little,nothing,nobody 等否定词或半否定词时,反意疑问部分
用肯定形式。
He could hardly walk without a stick,could he? 没有拐杖
他几乎不能走路,是吗?
五、陈述部分含有否定前缀的反意疑问句
如果陈述部分含有由表示“否定”意义的前缀构成的词,
其反意疑问部分一般用否定式。
Tom dislikes playing tennis,doesn????t he? 汤姆不喜欢打网
球,是吗?
It????s unfair, isn????t it? 那不公平,是不是?
六、含有宾语从句的反意疑问句
(1)当陈述部分带有宾语从句时,疑问部分的主语和谓
语应和主句的主语和谓语保持一致。
He said that he would come to my birthday party,didn????t
he? 他说他要来参加我的生日聚会,是吗?
(2)主句谓语动词 think,believe,suppose,guess,expect,
imagine 的主语为第一人称时,疑问部分的主语和谓语动词与
宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致;若主语为第二、三人称时,
疑问部分的主语和谓语动词与主句的主语和谓语保持一致。
I don????t believe he will succeed,will he?
我认为他不会成功,是吗?
They don????t believe Jack will succeed, do they?
他们不相信杰克能成功,对吗?
七、祈使句的反意疑问句
祈使句后加附加问句,不表示反意,而表示一种语气。
其结构为:
否定祈使句,+will you?
肯定祈使句,+will / won????t you?
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12  5年高考 3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
Let????s...,+shall we?
Let us...,+will you?
Open the door,will / won????t you? 打开门,好吗?
Let????s go out for a walk, shall we? 我们出去散散步,
好吗?
Let us go home now,will you? 现在,(您)让我们回家
吧,好吗?
八、回答反意疑问句时应遵循以下原则
(1)要么肯定到底,要么否定到底,不会出现 Yes, I don????t
或 No, I do 的形式。
(2)不管陈述部分为否定,还是附加问句为否定,回答时
只看所提到的事情是否发生。 如果发生了,用肯定回答,否
则,用否定回答。 如:当对方问你 You aren????t a teacher, are
you? 或 You are a teacher, aren????t you? 时,你只要听懂 you 和
teacher 两个单词即可,如果你是老师,回答“Yes, I am.”,否
则,回答“No, I am not.”。
九、反意疑问部分的主语和陈述部分的主语在人称、
数上保持一致的几种情况
陈述部分主语
反意疑问
部分主语
例句
one(指人)
one 或 you ( 非
正式场合)
One can????t be careful enough,
can you / one? 再小心也不为
过,是吧?
this, that,
these, those
it 或 they
This isn????t a fast train, is it?
这不是一列快车,对吗?
everything,
anything,
something,
nothing
it
Nothing happened to him, did
it? 他没发生什么事,是吗?
everyone,
everybody,
someone,
somebody, no
one, nobody,
anyone,
anybody
he 或 they(更常
见)(共69张PPT)
考点一 并列连词
1.(2019吉林省吉林市一次调研,63)Well, we certainly know from evidence in the sleep center and
that of many other scientists that naps can give you benefits for both your brain   ???? your body.
答案 and 句意:当然,我们从睡眠中心和其他许多科学家提供的证据中得知,午睡能给你的
大脑和你的身体带来好处。考查连词。根据设空处前的both可知设空处填and,构成“both...
and...”结构。
2.(2019湖北孝感一中、应城一中等五校期中联考,65)In other words, it hasn????t been clear
whether kids who weigh too much have trouble sleeping,   ???? whether sleeping less leads to
weight gain.
答案 or 句意:换言之,人们还不清楚是肥胖的孩子很难入睡还是睡眠较少会导致发胖。考
查并列连词。前后两部分为选择关系,故填or。
三年模拟
A组 2017—2019年高考模拟·考点基础题组
3.(2019安徽A10联盟阶段考试,64)Mike Williams, who works as a continuing education teacher
  ????part-time support technician, finds it easy to learn enough to build your own PC.
答案 and 句意:Mike Williams是一位继续教育老师,也是业余的技术支持员,他发现学习足
够的知识来组装你自己的个人电脑是很容易的。考查连词。设空处前后continuing education
teacher和part-time support technician并列,故填并列连词and。
4.(2019浙江金丽衢十二校二次联考,65)Both started the same  ????ended differently. Why?
Because of how you reacted.
答案 but 句意:这两件事情开始时是一样的但结果却不同。为什么呢?因为你的反应方式
(不同)。设空处前后为转折关系,故填并列连词but。
5.(2019闽粤赣“三省十校”联考,70)The competition will see both open water racing  ????pool
racing take place.
答案 and 句意:本次比赛不仅包括公开水域比赛,还包括泳池比赛。both...and...意为“不仅
……而且……”。
6.(2018河北衡水中学五次调考,70)She didn????t know anything about current TV shows  ????
fashion trends.
答案 or 句意:她对于当前的电视节目和流行趋势一无所知。or用在否定句中,表示“也不,
也不是,也没有”的意思。根据本句中表示否定意义的“didn????t”可知设空处填or。
7.(2018福建泉州1月质检,67)In China, the question is not “What shall I have?”  ????“What
shall we have?”. Food is ordered to share with others, not just for oneself.
答案 but 句意:在中国,问题不是“我吃什么?”,而是“我们吃什么?”。点餐是为了和别
人分享,而不是只为了自己。not...but...为固定搭配,意为“不是……而是……”。
8.(2018河南中原名校五次联考,61)Around 7:30 a.m., she was lying on her surfboard with her left
arm in the water  ????a 14-foot-long tiger shark attacked her, severing her left arm just below the
shoulder.
答案 when 句意:大约在上午七点半,她正躺在她的冲浪板上,左臂放在水里,就在那时一条1
4英尺长的虎鲨袭击了她,咬断了她肩部以下的左臂。be doing sth. when...为固定句型,其中
when为并列连词,意为“正在做某事,这/那时突然……”。
9.(2018江西宜春中学一次诊断,67)As to acute stomachache, there is no need to have an opera-
tion;all you need to do is drinking a cup of Chinese herbs,  ????the western way takes more time
and money.
答案 while 句意:对于急性胃痛,没有必要做手术;所有你需要做的就是喝杯中国草药,而西
式的方法既费时又费钱。设空处表示对比,故填while。
10.(2017山西省重点中学协作体一模,68)He overcame many difficulties,  ???? he was not for-
tunate enough.
答案 but/yet 句意:虽然他克服了许多困难,但是他还是不够幸运。两个分句间为转折关系,
故填but或yet。
考点二 复合句
题组一 定语从句
1.(2019山西太原期中考试,61)In the past few years, more than half of the bookstores in China
have closed down,   ????is the result of the competition with online bookstores.
答案 which 句意:在过去的几年中,中国半数以上的实体书店都倒闭了,这是与网上书店竞
争的结果。 根据设空处前的逗号可知本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为前面的整个句
子,将先行词代入定语从句后可知先行词在定语从句中作主语且先行词指“事”,故填
which。
2.(2019河北保定摸底考试,66)For instance, in Lima, the capital of Peru, there are more than 50
Chinese medicine clinics, about 70 percent of   ???? were set up by local doctors.
答案 which 句意:比如,在秘鲁首都利马,有超过50家中医诊所,其中大约有70%是由当地医
生创办的。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为more than 50 Chinese medicine clinics,关系
词在定语从句中作介词of的宾语,先行词指“物”,故填关系代词which。
3.(2019海南儋州一次统测,63)He was also the one   ???? founded the Hong Kong daily news-
paper Ming Pao in 1959.
答案 who 句意:1959年,他还在香港创办了一份日报——《明报》。本题考查限制性定语
从句。先行词为the one,关系词在定语从句中作主语,先行词指“人”,故填who。
4.(2019河北衡水中学一调,68) Meanwhile, as the construction goes on, more roads will be built
and the Metro system will be expanded,   ???? can reduce traffic jams.
答案 which 句意:同时,随着建设的继续,更多的公路将被建成,地铁网络将被延伸,这将会减
少交通堵塞。根据设空处前的逗号可知本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为前面整个句
子,将先行词代入定语从句后可知先行词在定语从句中作主语,先行词指“事”,故填which。
5.(2019湖北鄂东南教育教学改革联盟期中考试,69)The majority of the ads were also promoting
extra-curricular education institutions,   ????have been condemned for putting extra academic
pressure on students.
答案 which 句意:大部分广告也都是宣传课外辅导机构。这些课外辅导机构因给学生们施
加了额外的学习压力一直受到指责。根据设空处前的逗号可知本题考查非限制性定语从
句。先行词为extra-curricular education institutions,将先行词代入定语从句后为:The extra-cur-
ricular education institutions have been condemned for putting extra academic pressure on stu-
dents. 由此可知先行词在定语从句中作主语,先行词指“物”,故填关系代词which。
6.(2018河北衡水中学五次调考,69)After living in Australia for many years,Louise finally re-
turned to the country  ????she was born.
答案 where 句意:在澳大利亚生活了许多年之后,路易丝最后回到了她出生的那个国家。
先行词为the country,将先行词代入定语从句后为:She was born in the country.由此可见先行词
在定语从句中与介词in一起作地点状语,故填关系副词where。
10.(2017河南豫南九校质量考评Ⅴ,70)No one had tried to understand what the real problem was
except the headmaster,   ???? helped me out simply by listening and hugging.
答案 who 句意:除了校长外,没人努力弄清真正的问题是什么。她只是通过倾听和拥抱就
帮我从困境中解脱出来。设空处前为逗号,由此可知设空处应为引导非限制性定语从句的关
系词。将先行词代入定语从句可知,先行词在定语从句中作主语,且先行词指“人”,故填
who。
题组二 名词性从句
1.(2019湖南浏阳六校联考,64)A typical Chinese wedding nowadays goes like this:when a new
couple is engaged,   ???? follows is a choice of the date of their marriage.
答案 what 句意:当今典型的中国式婚礼是这样的:当一对新人订婚后,接下来要做的事是选
择结婚日期。考查主语从句。“  ????follows”为主语从句,设空处在从句中作主语且指
“事物”,故答案为what。
7.(2018河北五个一联盟二次联考,43)There are many good websites  ????you can check out the
latest in the science world.
答案 where 句意:有许多好的网站,在上面你可以查阅科学界的最新内容。先行词为web-
sites,将先行词代入定语从句后为:You can check out the latest in the science world on the web-
sites.由此可见先行词在定语从句中与介词on一起作地点状语,故填关系副词where。
8.(2018湖北宜昌葛洲坝中学月考,50)Another saying which has come from the fable is “God
helps those  ????help themselves”.
答案 who 句意:来自那则寓言的另外一个格言是“天助自助者”。先行词是those,关系词
在定语从句中作主语,先行词指“人”,故填who。
9.(2018福建厦门期末,66)Then Needham began his lifelong research,  ????ended up creating the
greatest work—Science and Civilization in China.
答案 which 句意:后来Needham开始了他毕生的研究,该研究最终成就了那本巨著——《中
国科学技术史》。根据设空处前的逗号可知设空处引导非限制性定语从句;先行词为his life-
long research,将先行词代入定语从句后为:His lifelong research ended up creating the greatest
work—Science and Civilization in China.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作主语,先行词指“事
物”,故填which。
2.(2019河南洛阳期中考试,69)After being designated as the first special economic zone in China,
  ???? was once a fishing village has rapidly become an emerging modern city.
答案 what 句意:在被命名为中国第一个经济特区之后,曾经的渔村迅速成了一个正在兴起
的现代化城市。考查主语从句。   ???? was once a fishing village为主语从句,该从句缺少主
语,且设空处表示“物”,故填what。
3.(2019吉林省吉林市一次调研,69) The ideal nap depends on   ???? you want from that nap.
答案 what 句意:理想中的小睡取决于你想从小睡中得到什么。考查宾语从句。“  ????
you want from that nap”为宾语从句,该从句中缺少宾语且设空处指“物”,故答案为what。
4.(2019河北衡水中学一调,65)There is no doubt  ???? the event will attract more visitors to en-
joy visiting this wonderful city.
答案 that????句意:毫无疑问这一赛事将会吸引更多的游客来游览这个令人惊奇的城市。
“There is no doubt that...”为固定句式,意为:毫无疑问……。综上所述答案为that。
5.(2019湖北重点高中联考协作体期中考试,62)Experts hold the opinion  ???? a small amount
of stress can be good in exams.
答案 that 句意:专家认为在考试中有些许的压力是好事。本题考查同位语从句。“  ????
a small amount of stress can be good in exams”为同位语从句,作opinion的同位语,该从句中不
缺任何成分,故用that引导。
6.(2019安徽江淮十校二次联考,70)It is believed that advertising can often be an indicator for ????
 ???? society considers to be socially acceptable and desirable at the time.
答案 what 句意:人们认为,广告往往可以作为社会当时认为可以接受的并且值得拥有的事
物的指示信号。本题考查宾语从句。“  ???? society considers to be socially acceptable and
desirable at the time”为宾语从句,该从句中缺少宾语,且设空处表示“事物”,故用what引导。
7.(2018河南郑州一中六次测试,45)They wanted to understand who painted the pictures and ????
????they might mean.
答案 what 句意:他们想知道是谁画了这些画以及它们可能表示什么。“  ????they might
mean”为宾语从句,该从句中缺少宾语,且设空处表示“事物”,故填what。
8.(2018河南天一大联考Ⅲ,66)I first have to remove all the rotten parts, and sometimes,  ????is
left isn????t enough for my designs.
答案 what 句意:我首先必须要去掉所有腐烂的部分,有时剩下的部分不够我设计使用。
“  ????is left”为主语从句,设空处在从句中作主语且表示“物”,故填what。
9.(2018江西名校学术联盟质检Ⅱ,64)  ????was most difficult was that in order to realize this
dream, I needed to find an existent café that wasn????t doing well.
答案 What 句意:很困难的是为了实现这个梦想,我需要找到一家经营不好的实体咖啡店。
“  ????was most difficult”为主语从句,该从句缺少主语且设空处表示“事物”,故填
What。
10.(2017河北唐山一次调研,69)I asked him  ????his father had done so that he became such a
good person.
答案 what 句意:我问他他的父亲做了什么以至于他成了如此优秀的人。宾语从句中缺少
宾语,且设空处指“事物”,故填what。
题组三 状语从句
1.(2019河北保定摸底考试,67)  ???? TCM has been widely accepted, it still faces challenges.
答案 Although/Though/While 句意:虽然传统中医被广泛认可,但它仍然面临挑战。根据句
意可知设空处引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然”,故填从属连词Although/Though/While。
2.(2019湖北孝感一中、应城一中等五校期中联考,69)They had no sooner finished the survey by
asking the parents the same questions three years later  ???? they found that 18 percent of kids
involved in the study were obese.
答案 than 句意:三年后他们刚一通过问那些家长同样的问题完成民意调查,就发现参与研
究的18%的孩子发胖了。no sooner...than...为固定结构,意为:一……就……。根据本句中的no
sooner可推知设空处填than。
3.(2019河北衡水中学一调,63)  ???? the event will cost the government a lot, the benefits are
easy for us to see.
答案 Though/Although/While 句意:尽管该赛事会花费政府很多钱,但是好处我们会很容易
看到。考查状语从句。根据上下文逻辑可知设空处引导让步状语从句,故答案为Though/Al-
though/While。
4.(2019江西红色七校二次联考,61)Yesterday was a crazy day. I felt very tired   ????I had tons
of work stuff going on.
答案 because 句意:昨天是个疯狂的日子。我感到非常累因为我有许多工作要做。设空处
引导原因状语从句说明felt very tired的原因,故填because。
5.(2019河南天一大联考二次考试,62)  ????the exact boundary between primary and secondary
education varies from country to country,it is generally around the seventh to the tenth year of
schooling.
答案 Although/Though/While 句意:虽然不同的国家中初等教育与中等教育确切的界限不
相同,但是这个界限通常是在上学的第七年和第十年之间。设空处引导让步状语从句,意为:虽
然,尽管,故填Although、Though或While。
6.(2019河北武邑中学期末,69)When we reached the mall, I gave him the money and the smile????
 ????requested and added a gentle pat on his back.
答案 as 句意:当我们到达购物中心的时候,我按照要求给了他钱和微笑,并轻轻地拍了拍他
的后背。考查连词。设空处后省去了we were,设空处与“(we were) requested”构成方式状语
从句;设空处表示“按照”,故填连词as。
7.(2018陕西榆林二中三模,64)  ????there are many positive developments associated with the
Internet, there are also certain fears and concerns.
答案 While/Though/Although 句意:虽然因特网出现了许多积极的发展势头,但也存在着某
些令人害怕、担忧之处。设空处表示“虽然”,故填While/Though/Although。
8.(2018安徽六安一中五次月考,62)Talking about fires can be scary  ????no one likes to think
about people getting hurt or their things getting burned.
答案 because 句意:谈论火灾可能会令人害怕,因为没人愿意考虑人们受伤或者他们的东西
被烧。设空处引导原因状语从句,该原因状语从句说明主句发生的直接原因,故填because。
9.(2018福建永春一中等四校联考Ⅰ,62)The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across
deserts, over mountains, through valleys  ????at last it reaches the sea.
答案 till/until 句意:长城自西向东蜿蜒前进,横穿沙漠,跨过高山,穿过山谷,最终到达大海。
设空处引导时间状语从句,意为“直到”,故填till或until。
10.(2017江西九江十校二次联考,63) Hunting elephants was so profitable  ???? from 1979 to 19
89 the number of elephants in Africa fell from 1.3 million to 600,000.
答案 that 句意:猎杀大象如此有利可图以至于从1979年到1989年,非洲大象的数量从一百
三十万下降到六十万。so...that..意为:如此……以至于……,引导结果状语从句。
B组????2017—2019年高考模拟·专题综合题组
单句改错
1.(2019福建泉港一中、南安国光中学期中联考)Though he is 50, but he appears very young.?
     ????
答案 删除but 句意:虽然他50岁了,但他看上去非常年轻。考查连词。 从属连词though不
能和并列连词but在一句中同时使用;本句中though在句首且首字母已经大写,不能删除,故只
能删除并列连词but。
2.(2019湖北孝感一中、应城一中等五校期中联考)Nowadays, the word friendship has been used
very often that it has lost its meaning.?     ????
答案 very→so 句意:现在,“友谊”这个词被用的频率如此之高以至于它已经失去了它原
本的意思。考查固定搭配。错误处表示“如此……”,与后面的that构成“so...that...”句型,
意为:如此……以至于……。
3.(2019湖北宜昌示范性高中协作体期中)I was just about to give it up while I suddenly noticed a
little boy walking towards the sea calmly.?     ????
答案 while→when 句意:我正要放弃,这时我突然发现一个小男孩儿正镇定地向海里走
去。考查连词。be about to do sth. when...是固定句型,意为:正要做某事,这时……,其中的when
为并列连词,相当于and at this/that time。
4.(2019湖南浏阳六校期中联考)It turned out that my right ankle got injured but I had to be sent to
hospital.?     ????
答案 but→and/so 句意:结果是我的右脚踝受伤了,(所以)我必须被送去医院。考查连词。
根据逻辑可知,前后两个分句不是转折关系,是顺承或因果关系,故将but改为and或so。
5.(2019湖南三湘名校教育联盟一次联考)I was wondering why was the matter when my little
brother began to cough loudly.?     ????
答案 why→what 句意:我正在纳闷出了什么事,这时我弟弟开始大声咳嗽。考查名词性从
句。what was the matter作was wondering的宾语。
6.(2019安徽皖南八校一次联考)If someone who gives me a hand when I am in need, I will re-
member him and if I have a chance, I will pay him back.?     ????
答案 删除who 句意:如果有人在我需要的时候帮助我,我会记住他;如果我有机会,我会报答
他。“If someone gives me a hand”为条件状语从句,gives在从句中作谓语,由此可判断who多
余,故被删除。
7.(2019福建安溪一中、养正中学、惠安一中、泉州实验中学期中)She used to be easy to get
angry, especially that she was with family members only.?     ????
答案 that→when 句意:她过去常常容易发脾气,尤其是只和家人在一起时。考查状语从
句。根据逻辑关系可知错误处引导时间状语从句,意为“当……的时候”,故将that改为
when。
8.(2019吉林省重点中学二次联考)One day, I picked up a book, that was about seven habits of
highly successful teenagers.?     ????
答案 that→which????句意:一天,我拿起了一本书,这本书是关于十分成功的青少年的七个习
惯。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为book,将先行词代入定语从句后为:The book was
about seven habits of highly successful teenagers.由此可知先行词在定语从句中作主语;先行词
指“物”且本句为非限制性定语从句,故将that改为which。
9.(2019安徽江淮十校二次联考)Which impresses me most is Miss Zhang????s way of teaching.?????
    ????
答案 Which→What 句意:给我印象最深的是张老师的教学方法。考查主语从句。what引
导名词性从句,意为“……的东西(事情)”;which引导名词性从句时,意为“哪一个”。本句
中错误处表示“……的事情”,故将Which改为What。
10.(2019山东师大附中五次模拟)It was then when I realized what a great sport it was.?  ????
  ????
答案 when→that 句意:就在那时我意识到了那是多么伟大的运动项目。本句为强调句型
(It is/was+被强调部分+that+其他成分)。本句中被强调部分为then,故将when改为that。
11.(2018河南郑州一中阶段检测Ⅵ)Local people live in old houses, they are very friendly.? ????
   ????
答案 they前加and 句意:当地的人们住在旧房子里,他们非常友好。前后两个分句为顺承关
系,故在they前加and。
12.(2018福建龙岩2月质检)The final reward was not the number of people who attended it, nor
the amount of money we raised, so the theme of the concert.?     ????
答案 so→but 句意:最后的回报不是参加这场音乐会的人数,也不是我们筹集了多少钱,而
是这场音乐会的主题。“not...but...”为固定搭配,意为“不是……而是……”。
13.(2018福建莆田3月质检)How fun it was!?     ????
答案 How→What 句意:那多有趣啊!本题考查感叹句。fun为不可数名词,故将How改为
What。
14.(2018山东日照一模)It????s a black square suitcase, what is just as big as a schoolbag.?   ????
 ????
答案 what→which 句意:那是一个黑色方形手提箱,恰好和书包一样大。本题考查非限制
性定语从句。先行词为suitcase,指“物”,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故需将what改为
which。
15.(2018河南天一大联考Ⅲ)When I was 12, I met Mary. She came to China with her parents,
whom taught English in a university.?     ????
答案 whom→who 句意:当我12岁时,我遇到了玛丽。她和她父母一起来到了中国,她父母
在一所大学教英语。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为her parents;关系词在定语从句中
作主语,且先行词指“人”,故将whom改为who。
16.(2018安徽江南十校3月联考)It is no doubt that we produce lots of garbage every day.? ????
   ????
答案 It→There 句意:毫无疑问我们每天生产很多垃圾。“There is no doubt+that从句”为
固定句式,意为“毫无疑问……”。故将It改为There。
17.(2018河南郑州一次质检)Why not trying the cave dwellings(住宅)here??     ????
答案 trying→try 句意:为什么不试试这里的窑洞呢?“Why not do sth.?”为固定句式,意为
“为什么不做某事?”,故将trying改为try。
18.(2017东北三省四市联考Ⅰ)An art gallery made me an offer of $5,000 for this painting and I
nearly sold it, so then I decided not to.?     ????
答案 so→but 句意:一家美术馆给我5,000美元来买这幅画,我差点儿把它卖掉,但后来我决
定不卖。根据上下文逻辑可知I decided not to与前面的内容为转折关系,故将so改为but。
19.(2017河南豫南九校质量考评Ⅴ) A blog will be opened on the website of our school, that aims
to help students to communicate better.?     ????
答案 that→which 句意:在我们学校网站上将开辟一个博客,旨在帮助学生更好地沟通。逗
号后是非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面一句话,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故将that改为
which。
20.(2017江西赣中南五校一模) I am going to tell you the long but rich history of Xi????an.?  ????
  ????
答案 but→and 句意:我将告诉你西安漫长且丰富的历史。long与rich不是转折关系,而是并
列关系,故将but改为and。
C组????2017—2019年高考模拟·应用创新题组
题组一 特殊句式
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.Jane won????t join us for dinner tonight and neither   ???? Tom.
答案 will 句意:简今晚不和我们一起吃晚饭了,汤姆也不来吃了。neither will Tom相当于
Tom won????t, either。否定词neither置于句首,后面的主谓需部分倒装,根据题干中的won????t可知设空处填will。
2.Try   ???? she might, Sue couldn????t get the door open.
答案 as/though 句意:Sue虽然努力了,但是她打不开门。 “形容词、副词、名词或动词+as
/though+主语+谓语”为倒装语序,相当于though或although引导的让步状语从句。
3.If you have a job,   ???? devote yourself to it and finally you????ll succeed.
答案 do 句意:如果你有工作,务必要全身心地投入,那么最终你会成功的。本题考查祈使句
的强调式。
4.John opened the door. There   ????(stand)a girl he had never seen before.
答案 stood/was standing 句意: 约翰打开门,那里站着一个他从未见过的姑娘。当there,
here, away, down等副词置于句首,且主语为名词时,要用完全倒装形式。根据上下文逻辑及题
干中的opened(一般过去时)可知设空处需用一般过去时或过去进行时。
5.—Is everyone here?
—Not yet...Look, there   ????(come) the rest of our guests!
答案 come 句意:——都到了吗?——还没有……看,其余的客人过来了!本句中there放在句
首且主语为名词,故谓语部分需用完全倒装形式;根据上下文逻辑可知设空处用一般现在时,故
填come。
6.  ???? a strange plant! I????ve never seen it before.
答案 What 句意:这种植物真奇怪!我以前从未见过它。本题考查感叹句。感叹句的句型
是:“What(+a/an)+形容词+名词(+主语+谓语)!”或“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!”。本
句省略了主谓部分,补全后为What a strange plant it is!
7.Was it on a lonely island   ???? he was saved one month after the boat went down?
答案 that 句意:他是不是在船沉了一个月之后在一个孤岛上被人救出来的?考查强调句的
一般疑问句形式。强调句的一般疑问句形式为“Is/Was+it+被强调部分+that...”,本句中的被
强调部分为on a lonely island。
8.I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did,   ???? I?
答案????didn????t 句意:我告诉他们并非每个人都能像你跑得那么快,是不是?本题考查反意疑问
句。本句主句谓语动词为told(一般过去时的肯定式),故反意疑问部分应该用didn????t。
9.He must be helping the old man to water the flowers,   ???? he?
答案 isn????t 句意:他一定在帮助那位老人浇花,是不是啊?本题考查反意疑问句。做题思路
为:He must be helping the old man to water the flowers.=I????m sure he is helping the old man to wa-
ter the flowers.从而得出反意疑问部分为isn????t he。
10.Please do me a favor—  ????(invite)my friend Mr. Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight.
答案 invite 句意:请帮我个忙——邀请我的朋友史密斯先生于今晚7点半到青年剧院。破
折号后是一个祈使句,用来表达请求对方做某事,故填invite。
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.His writing is so confusing that it????s difficult to make out how it is he is trying to express.? ????
   ????
答案 how→what 句意:他的书写是如此令人困惑,以至于很难辨认他在试图表达什么。本
题使用了特殊疑问句的强调句式作宾语。错误处在宾语从句中作express的宾语,故用what引
导。注意:本句中由what引导的强调句的语序需用陈述句语序,且本句中的that已被省略。
2.It is not who is right but what is right which is of importance.?     ????
答案 which→that 句意:谁对不重要,重要的是什么是对的。本题考查强调句型。本题中的
被强调部分用了not...but...结构。
3.The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. How a dangerous scene
it was!?     ????
答案 How→What 句意:这个小男孩骑着自行车全速地在高速公路上飞驰。多危险的一幕
啊!感叹句是常用句式,结构为:What+a/an+adj.+n. +主语+谓语!或How+adj.+a/an+n.+主语+谓
语! 此句还可说成:How dangerous a scene it was!
4.When you????ve finished that book, don????t forget to put it back on the shelf, do you??    ????????
答案 do→will 句意:当你读完了那本书,别忘了把它放回书架上,好吗? 本题考查反意疑问
句的构成。当祈使句的逻辑主语是you时,其反意疑问部分应该用will you或won????t you。但当
祈使句是否定式时,其反意疑问部分用will you。
5.He hasn????t slept at all for three days. There is no wonder that he is tired out.?     ????
答案????There→It 句意:他三天没有睡觉了,难怪他那么累。“It is no wonder+that从句”为固
定句式,意为:难怪……。
6.There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concert ended, wasn????t it??
????    ????
答案 it→there 主句是There be句型,故将it改为there。
7.Knocking at the door before entering please.?     ????
答案 Knocking→Knock 祈使句以动词原形开头。
8.There was a lot of homework to do, he didn????t attend the party.?????     ????
答案 was→being或在he前加so 本句没有连词,只有一个逗号,因此需加并列连词so。如果
不加so,还可使用there be的分词形式作状语,故还可将was改为being。
Ⅲ.句型转换
1.I have never had such a special drink before!(改为倒装句)
????
答案 Never before have I had such a special drink! 句意:我以前从来没喝过这么独特的饮料!
将否定副词never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely及表示否定意义的介词短语置
于句首时,后面的主语、谓语部分需部分倒装。
2.They reached a decision only after they had discussed the matter for several hours. (改为倒装句)
? ???
答案 Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours did they reach a decision. 句意:
那个问题他们只有在讨论了几个小时之后才作出决定。 “Only+状语(从句)”置于句首,后
面的句子/主句的主谓部分要部分倒装,即“助动词、情态动词/be动词+主语+谓语”。
3.He didn????t begin to know how important the family was for him until he left his home. (改为倒装
句)
? ???
答案 Not until he left his home did he begin to know how important the family was for him. 句
意:直到他离开家他才开始了解家庭对他来说多么重要。not until置于句首,主句要采用部分
倒装形式。
4.Chongqing, one of the largest cities in China, lies at the meeting place of the Yangtze River and
Jialing River. (改为倒装句)
? ???
答案 At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and Jialing River lies Chongqing,one of the
largest cities in China.句意:中国最大城市之一的重庆位于长江和嘉陵江交汇的地方。将地点
状语提前且主语为名词,可采用完全倒装形式。
5.Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school. Our alumni(校友) from home and
abroad are attending the ceremony of the 50th anniversary this morning. (改为倒装句)
? ???
答案 Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school. Attending the ceremony of the 50
th anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友)from home and abroad. 句意:尊敬的来宾、朋
友们,欢迎莅临我们学校。今天上午要参加50周年庆典的是来自国内外的校友。
6.The power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous is such. (改为倒装句)
? ???
答案 Such is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous. 句意:这就是电视的
力量,它能使人突然成名。原句主语太长,为了保持句子平衡可采用“such+be+主语”这种倒
装句型。
7.Although he was unsatisfied with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience.
(改为倒装句)
? ???
答案 Unsatisfied though/as he was with the payment, he took the job just to get some work expe-
rience. 句意:尽管对工资不满意,但只是为了获得一些工作经验,他接受了这份工作。“形容
词、副词、名词或动词+as/though+主语+谓语”为倒装语序,相当于though或although引导的
让步状语从句。
8.Not until the motorbike looked almost new did he stop repairing and cleaning it.(就画线部分进
行强调,改为强调句)
? ???
答案 It was not until the motorbike looked almost new that he stopped repairing and cleaning it.
 句意:他把摩托车修理并擦洗得看起来像新的一样才停下来。“not...until...”结构的强调
句型是:It is/was not until...that..。
9.If you help others whenever you can, you will make the world a nicer place to live in.(改为“祈
使句+and+陈述句”句式)
? ???
答案 Help others whenever you can and you will make the world a nicer place to live in. 句意:
无论什么时候你都能帮助别人,那么你就会使世界变成一个更加美好的居住的地方。
10.Her business was so successful that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere.(改为倒
装句)
? ???
答案 So successful was her business that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere. 句
意:玛丽的生意如此成功,以至于她在别的地方建立了新的分店。“so+形容词或副词+that从
句”中的“so+形容词或副词”置于句首,主句需用倒装形式。
题组二 语篇型填空
Passage 1
 1???? is the most popular communication tool today?  2???? your answer is QQ or MSN, I must
say you????re too old-fashioned.Today, a new form of communication “WeChat”,  3???? owns a
Chinese name Weixin, is becoming the most influential text and voicing tool all over the world.
What advantages does WeChat have? First, WeChat is a relatively cheap way of communication;
that is to say, it uses network traffic instead of telephone fare.Next, we can know  4???? is going on
at any time.And we can have easier access to information available than other messaging tools.
What roles does it play in our daily life? According to the latest report, the registered users on the
WeChat platform have topped 200 million  5???? WeChat has expanded its business to overseas
market.Can you imagine that a mobile phone ‘app’ is so appealing  6???? it reaches 200 million
users within 8 months? WeChat itself has become the most popular mobile chat application in the
world.A large number of people have become “WeChataholic”,  7???? means they keep staring
at the mobile phone all the time  8???? can????t live without it.
 9???? enjoying its great convenience, people should not ignore the danger of being cheated,  10
???? information on WeChat is publicly known.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文对目前非常流行的微信进行了介绍。
1.What 当今最流行的通信工具是什么?根据本句的标点符号(问号),可知本句为特殊疑问
句。设空处意为“什么”,故填疑问代词What。
2.If 如果你的答案是QQ或者MSN,我要说你太过时了。根据上下文逻辑可知设空处引导条
件状语从句,意为“如果”,故填If。
3.which 今天一种新的通讯形式“WeChat”,中文名为微信,在世界各地成为最有影响力的
文本及语音通信工具。本题考查定语从句。根据设空处前的逗号可知设空处引导非限制性
定语从句,将先行词“WeChat”代入定语从句后可知先行词在定语从句中作主语,且先行词指
“物”,故填which。
4.what 我们随时可以知道发生了什么。本题考查宾语从句。“  ???? is going on”为宾语
从句,该从句缺少主语,且表示“事物”,故由what引导。
5.and 根据最新的报告,在微信平台注册的用户已经超过2亿人,并且微信业务已经扩展到了
海外市场。前后两部分为并列关系,故填and。
6.that 你能想象一个手机应用程序会如此有吸引力以至于在8个月内就达到2亿用户吗?根据
本句中的so可推知设空处引导结果状语从句。so...that...意为:如此……以至于……。
7.which 相当多的人已经成了“微信迷”,这意味着他们无时无刻不在盯着手机,没有手机他
们就活不了。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为前面一句话,将先行词代入定语从句后
可知先行词在定语从句中作主语,故填which。
8.and 本题考查并列连词。设空处前后的keep staring at the mobile phone all the time和can????t
live without it为并列关系,故填and。
9.While/Although/Though 尽管享受其很大的便利,人们也不该忽视被骗的风险,因为微信上
的信息是公开的。设空处与后面的现在分词一起作让步状语,故填While/Although/Though。
10.for/because 设空处后的部分解释了前一部分发生的原因,故填for或because。
Passage 2
My Italian grandmother was a wonderful woman. I always felt blessed growing up in her home as
a boy. She worked hard, laughed loud,  1???? was never afraid of  2???? life threw at her.
When she fell and broke her hip in her eighties, my dad was forced to admit  3???? he could no
longer take care of her at home. It was with a heavy heart  4???? Dad moved Grandmother into a
nursing home.
Our whole family gathered together for her 90th birthday in the nursing home dining room. It was
a wonderful celebration of her life and the love  5???? we all had for her.
Shortly  6???? that birthday, however, life gave her the toughest challenge of all as age and illness
started to take her mind from her too. The dementia(痴呆) grew worse  7???? worse. At times  8
???? I visited her she didn????t know  9???? I was. During one of these visits I was holding her hand
while she slept. When she awoke, her eyes stared at me and I could tell she didn????t recognize me.
She looked down at my hand holding hers and instead of pulling hers away, she smiled at me.
Then she closed her eyes and went peacefully back to sleep. I could see then that  10???? her mind
didn????t remember me, her spirit still remembered love.
答案
[语篇解读] 作者的奶奶勤劳、开朗、不惧困难,然而80多岁时在一次事故中她髋部骨折,更
糟的是她还患上了老年痴呆症。虽然奶奶有时候不记得家人,但她的精神中一直有爱存在。
1.and worked hard, laughed loud和was never afraid of为并列关系,故填并列连词and。
2.what/whatever 考查宾语从句。连接代词what/whatever引导宾语从句并在从句中作threw的
宾语。
3.that  在她80多岁时她摔了一跤,摔伤了髋骨,父亲不得不承认他不能再待在家照顾奶奶
了。“   ???? he could no longer take care of her at home”为宾语从句,作动词admit的宾语;该
从句不缺任何成分,要用that引导。
4.that????父亲怀着沉重的心情将奶奶送进了疗养院。考查强调句式,即“It is/was+被强调部分
+that/who+其他成分”。本句被强调部分为with a heavy heart,故设空处填that。
5.that/which 那是她一生中最美好的庆祝活动,也是我们大家对她的爱。“  ???? we all had
for her”为定语从句,先行词为the love,关系词在定语从句中作had的宾语,先行词指“物”,故
填that或which。have love for sb.爱某人。
6.after 然而在那个生日后不久,生活给了她一生中最大的挑战。上段介绍了奶奶的生日情
况,本段介绍了奶奶生日后的情况,由此可推出设空处表示“在……之后”,故填after。
7.and 她的痴呆症变得越来越厉害了。“比较级+and+比较级”为固定结构,意为:越来越…
…。
8.when 有时当我去看她时,她都不知道我是谁。设空处引导时间状语从句,意为“当……的
时候”,故填when。
9.who 本题考查宾语从句。“  ???? I was”为宾语从句,设空处意为“谁”,故填who。
10.though/although 那时我可以看出即使她心里记不起我是谁,她的灵魂仍会记得爱。设空
处引导让步状语从句,意为:即使、虽然,故填though或although。
考点一 并列连词
1.(2016北京,35)I am not afraid of tomorrow,   ????I have seen yesterday and I love today.
历年高考试题汇编
答案 for 句意:我不惧怕明天,因为我已经看到了昨天并热爱今天。本题考查并列连词。根
据语境可知,前后分句为因果关系,故答案为for。
2.(2015北京,25)He is a shy man,  ????he is not afraid of anything or anyone.
答案 but/yet 句意:他是一个腼腆的人,但是他不害怕任何事,也不害怕任何人。根据句意可
知前后两个分句为转折关系,故用but/yet。
3.(2014北京,21)Some animals carry seeds from one place to another,  ????plants can spread to
new places.
答案 so 句意:一些动物将种子从一个地方带到另外一个地方,因此植物可以传播到新的地
方。设空处前后两个分句之间为因果关系,故填并列连词so。
4.(2014天津,1)Give me a chance,  ????I????ll give you a wonderful surprise.
答案 and 句意:给我一次机会,我会给你一个惊喜。本题考查特殊句式中的“祈使句+and+
陈述句”句式。故填and。
考点二 复合句
题组一 定语从句
1.(2019江苏,21)We have entered into an age  ????dreams have the best chance of coming true.
答案 when 句意:我们已经进入了一个最可能实现梦想的年代。先行词为an age,代入定语
从句为:In the age,dreams have the best chance of coming true.由此可知先行词在定语从句中作
时间状语,故填关系副词when。
2.(2019天津,11)Their child is at the stage   ???? she can say individual words but not full sen-
tences.
答案 where 句意:他们的孩子处于能说一些个别的单词但不能说完整句子的阶段。定语从
句的先行词为stage, 将先行词代入定语从句为:She can say individual words but not full sen-
tences at the stage. 由此可见,先行词在句中与介词at一起作地点状语,故填关系副词where。
3.(2018北京,5)She and her family bicycle to work,  ????helps them keep fit.
答案 which 句意:她和家人都骑自行车上班,这有助于他们保持健康。本题考查定语从
句。根据题干可知,从句修饰的是前面的整句话,“她和家人骑自行车上班”这件事充当了定
语从句中的主语成分,且此定语从句前出现逗号,是非限制性定语从句,所以用which引导。
6.(2017北京,31)The little problems   ???? we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for
great inventions.
答案 that/which 句意:我们在日常生活中遇到的小麻烦有可能成为伟大发明的灵感。本题
考查定语从句。题干中,The little problems是先行词,  ???? we meet in our daily lives是定语从
句,从句中缺少宾语,因此用that/which引导定语从句。
7.(2017天津,9)My eldest son,   ???? work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the
moment.
答案 whose 句意:我的大儿子现在在纽约,他的工作让他走遍世界各地。设空处引导的定
语从句修饰先行词son,空格处在从句中作定语修饰work,所以要用关系代词whose。
8.(2017江苏,28)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of   ???? purposes is to
relieve worldwide starvation.
答案 whose 句意:1963年,联合国成立了世界粮食计划署,它的目标之一是减缓全球范围的
饥荒。本题考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词是the World Food Programme,与定语从句中的
purposes是所属关系,即the World Food Programme????s purposes,故填whose。
4.(2018天津,2)Kate,  ????sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work
in Australia.
答案 whose 句意:凯特去澳大利亚工作了。上大学期间我和她妹妹住同一房间。本题考
查定语从句。先行词为Kate,将先行词代入定语从句后为:I shared a room with Kate????s sister
when we were at college.由此可见,关系词在定语从句中作定语,先行词指“人”,故填关系代
词whose。
5.(2018江苏,23)Self-driving is an area  ????China and the rest of the world are on the same start-
ing line.
答案 where 句意:无人驾驶是一个中国和世界上其他国家处于同一条起跑线上的领域。考
查定语从句。设空处引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词an area。将先行词代入定语从句后为
China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line in the area. 由此可知先行词与表地点
的介词in一起在定语从句中作地点状语,所以要用关系副词where。
9.(2016北京,22)I live next door to a couple   ????children often make a lot of noise.
答案 whose 句意:我隔壁住着一对夫妻,他们的孩子经常制造很多噪音。先行词为a couple,
将先行词代入定语从句后为:The couple????s children often make a lot of noise.由此可见,先行词
在定语从句中作定语,故答案为whose。
10.(2016天津,9)We will put off the picnic in the park until next week,   ????the weather may be
better.
答案 when 句意:我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周,届时天气可能会更好。先行词为next
week,将先行词代入定语从句后为:The weather may be better next week.由此可见,先行词在定
语从句中作时间状语,故答案为when。
11.(2016浙江,11)Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none
of   ????has been proved.
答案 which 句意:就人类为什么哭出眼泪科学家提出了许多理论,但没有一项理论得到过
证明。先行词为theories,将先行词代入定语从句后为:None of the theories has been proved.由
此可见先行词(指 “物”)在定语从句中作介词of的宾语,故答案为which。
12.(2016江苏,23)Many young people, most of   ????were well-educated, headed for remote re-
gions to chase their dreams.
答案 whom 句意:很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想,他们中大部分都受过良好
的教育。先行词为young people,指人,将先行词代入定语从句后为:Most of the young people
were well-educated.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作介词of的宾语,且介词已被提前,故答案为
whom。
13.(2015北京,24)Opposite is St.Paul????s Church,  ????you can hear some lovely music.
答案 where 句意:你们在对面的圣保罗教堂能听到一些动听的音乐。先行词为St.Paul????s
Church,将先行词代入定语从句后为:You can hear some lovely music in St.Paul????s Church.由此
可知关系词在从句中作地点状语,故用where。
14.(2015江苏,21)The number of smokers,  ????is reported,has dropped by 17 percent in just one
year.
答案 as 句意:正如报道的那样,吸烟的人数仅在一年内就已经减少了百分之十七。本题考
查非限制性定语从句。先行词为整个主句的内容,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填as。as is
reported正如报道的那样。
15.(2015天津,15)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere   ????his em-
ployees enjoy their work.
答案 where 句意:该公司的老板在努力营造一种轻松的氛围,在这种氛围中,他的员工们可
以享受工作的乐趣。先行词为atmosphere,将先行词代入定语从句后为:His employees enjoy
their work in the easy atmosphere.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,故答案为where。
16.(2015安徽,28)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon  ???? school educa-
tion depends.
答案 which 句意:一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。先行词为skill,将先行
词代入定语从句后为:School education depends upon the fundamental skill.由此可见关系词在
定语从句中作介词upon的宾语;本句中介词upon已被提前,故答案为which。
17.(2015福建,34)China Today attracts a worldwide readership,  ????shows that more and more
people all over the world want to learn about China.
答案 which 句意:《今日中国》吸引了世界各地的读者,这表明世界上越来越多的人想了
解中国。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为设空处前的一句话,关系词在定语从句中作
主语,故答案为which。
18.(2015湖南,29)It is a truly delightful place,  ????looks the same as it must have done 100 years
ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.
答案 which 句意:这真是一个令人愉快的地方,它看上去和100年前的样子一样,有蜿蜒的街
道和漂亮的村舍。本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为place,将先行词代入定语从句后为:
The place looks the same as...。由此可见关系词在定语从句中作主语且指“事物”,故用
which。
19.(2015陕西,15)As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the time  ???? he
should be able to be independent.
答案 when 句意:作为家里最小的孩子,Alex总是期盼着他能够独立的时候。先行词为time,
将先行词代入定语从句后为:He should be able to be independent at the time.由此可见关系词在
定语从句中作时间状语,故答案为when。
20.(2015四川,3)The books on the desk,  ????covers are shiny,are prizes for us.
答案 whose 句意:桌上那些封面闪闪发亮的书是我们的奖品。本题考查定语从句。先行
词为The books,与从句中的covers为所属关系,故答案为whose。
21.(2015浙江,19)Creating an atmosphere   ????employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
答案 where 句意:创造出让员工感觉到自己就是团队一员的一种氛围是极大的挑战。本题
考查定语从句。先行词为atmosphere,将先行词代入定语从句后为:In the atmosphere employ-
ees feel part of a team.关系词在定语从句中充当地点状语,故用where。
22.(2014天津,12)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures,each of  ???? uses it
differently.
答案 which 句意:英语是一种被好几种不同的文化都使用的语言,而且每一种文化使用它
的方式也不同。前后两部分之间既没有并列连词也没有从属连词,故后面部分应为定语从句,
又因为先行词是cultures,且关系词在定语从句中作介词of的宾语,所以填which。
23.(2014山东,10)A company  ????profits from home markets are declining may seek opportuni-
ties abroad.
答案 whose 句意:从国内市场得到的利润正在下降的公司可能去国外寻找机会。本题考
查定语从句。先行词为company,将先行词代入定语从句后为:The company????s profits from
home markets are declining.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作定语,故填whose。
24.(2014重庆,9)We????ll reach the sales targets in a month  ????we set at the beginning of the year.
答案 which/that 句意:一个月以后我们将会达到年初所定的销售目标。在本句中,先行词是
the sales targets,关系代词在定语从句中作set的宾语,所以填关系代词which/that。
25.(2014江苏,22)The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication,especially at work????
 ????a good impression is a must.
答案 where 句意:这本书对我的日常交流很有帮助,尤其是在工作单位。在那里必须给人
留下良好的印象。at work(在工作单位)表地点,故用where引导定语从句并在从句中作地点状
语。
26.(2014浙江,5)I didn????t become a serious climber until the fifth grade,  ????I went up to rescue a
kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.
答案 when 句意:我直到五年级才成为一个对登山极感兴趣的人,那时,我爬到树上去拿一
个被挂在树枝上的风筝。在本句中,先行词为the fifth grade,设空处在定语从句中作时间状语,
故填when。
27.(2014福建,31)Students should involve themselves in community activities  ????they can gain
experience for growth.
答案 where 句意:学生应该参加社区活动,他们从中能获得成长经验。将先行词community
activities代入定语从句后为:They can gain experience for growth from community activities.由此
可知关系词在从句中作地点状语,故填where。
28.(2014安徽,22)The exact year  ????Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.
答案 which/that 句意:安杰拉和她的家人一起在中国度过的确切年份是2008年。在本句中,
先行词是The exact year,关系词在定语从句中作spent 的宾语,故填which/that。
29.(2014湖南,31)I am looking forward to the day  ????my daughter can read this book and know
my feelings for her.
答案 when 句意:我正期待着那一天的到来,那时我的女儿可以读这本书并且了解我对她的
感情。在本句中,先行词为the day,关系词在从句中充当时间状语,故填when。
30.(2014陕西,13)Please send us all the information  ???? you have about the candidate for the
position.
答案 that 句意:请把你拥有的关于竞聘这个职位的那个候选人的所有信息发给我们。在本
句中,先行词the information被all修饰,所以只能填关系代词that,而不填which。
题组二 名词性从句
1.(2019江苏,25)Scientists have obtained more evidence  ????plastic is finding its way into the
human body.
答案 that 句意:科学家们已经获得更多塑料正在偶然进入人体的更多证据。根据语境可
知,空格后的句子对evidence进行解释说明,且从句结构完整,故由that引导同位语从句。
2.(2018北京,11)Without his support, we wouldn????t be  ????we are now.
答案 where 句意:要是没有他的帮助,我们就不会是现在的情形了。本题考查表语从句。
根据句意可知,设空处意为“情形,情况,形势”,应用where引导。
3.(2018北京,15)This is  ????my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for
the best.
答案 what 句意:这就是父亲教给我的——永远面对困难并寄予最大的希望。本题考查表
语从句。根据句意可知,表语从句中taught me后缺少直接宾语——“教会了我什么”,因此用
what引导。
4.(2018天津,9)The gold medal will be awarded to  ????wins the first place in the bicycle race.
答案 whoever 句意:这块金牌将颁发给在这场自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。本题考查宾
语从句。“  ????wins the first place in the bicycle race”为宾语从句,该从句缺少主语,且设空
处表示“任何人”,故填whoever,相当于anyone who。
5.(2018江苏,21)By boat is the only way to get here, which is  ????we arrived.
答案 how 句意:坐船是到达这里的唯一方式,我们就是坐船到达这里的。考查表语从句。
which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句,其中设空处引导的是表语从句,结合语境和By boat可
知,此处表达到达这儿的方式,所以要用how引导。
6.(2017北京,23)Every year,   ???? makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Fes-
tival.
答案 whoever 句意:每年,在风筝节上,制作出最漂亮的风筝的人会赢得一份奖品。设空处
引导主语从句,从句中缺少主语成分,且表示“无论谁”,故填whoever。
7.(2017天津,4)She asked me   ???? I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I
hadn????t.
答案 whether/if 句意:她问我是否已经把书还给图书馆,我承认我还没有归还。设空处引导
的是宾语从句,根据句意可知该宾语从句要用whether/if引导。
8.(2017江苏,26)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of ????
 ???? it used to charge.
答案 what 句意:我们选择这家宾馆是因为这里住一晚上的价格降到了20美元,这是其过去
要价的一半。本题考查宾语从句。逗号后面是$20的同位语,charge后面缺少宾语且表示“事
物”,故用what引导。
9.(2017北京,26)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing   ???? she was
heading.
答案 where 句意:Jane在绿树成荫的街道上漫无目的地走着,不知道她要去哪里。设空处引
导宾语从句,从句中缺少地点状语成分,故用where引导。
10.(2016北京,24)Your support is important to our work.   ????you can do helps.
答案 Whatever 句意:你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事情都有帮助。本题
考查主语从句。“  ????you can do”为主语从句,该从句缺少宾语,且表示“任何事情”,故
答案为Whatever(相当于Anything that)。
11.(2016北京,29)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is   ????one can be entirely free
from dust.
答案 that 句意:雨季最令人愉快的事情就是人们可以完全免受尘土的影响。本题考查表语
从句。“  ????one can be entirely free from dust”为表语从句,该从句中不缺少成分,意思完
整,故用that引导该表语从句。
12.(2016天津,11)The manager put forward a suggestion   ????we should have an assistant. There
is too much work to do.
答案 that 句意:经理提出一个建议,我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。本题考查同
位语从句。“  ????we should have an assistant”为同位语从句,说明suggestion的内容,应用
that引导该同位语从句。that只起连接作用,不作成分。
13.(2016江苏,21)It is often the case   ????anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
答案 that 句意:对于那些不放弃希望的人来说,发生任何事情都是有可能的,这是很常见
的。考查主语从句。本句中it为形式主语,“  ????anything is possible for those who hang on
to hope”为真正的主语;该从句结构完整,故由that引导。
14.(2015北京,33)I truly believe   ????beauty comes from within.
答案 that 句意:我确信美丽源自内在。“  ???? beauty comes from within”为宾语从句,该
从句结构完整,故用that。
18.(2015重庆,8)We must find out   ????Karl is coming,so we can book a room for him.
答案 when 句意:我们必须弄清楚卡尔什么时候来,以便我们可以为他预订房间。“  ????
Karl is coming”为宾语从句,作动词短语find out的宾语,该从句中缺少时间状语,故答案为
when。
19.(2015安徽,25)A ship in harbor is safe,but that????s not  ???? ships are built for.
答案 what “  ????ships are built for”为表语从句,该从句中缺少宾语且表示“事物”,故
答案为what。
20.(2015福建,29)—I wonder  ????Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
—By working out every day.
答案 how 句意:——我想知道这么些年来玛丽是如何保持体形的。——通过每天锻炼身
体。“  ????Mary has kept her figure after all these years”为宾语从句,该从句中缺少方式状
语,故答案为how。
15.(2015北京,35)  ????we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
答案 How 句意:我们理解事物的方式与我们的认知有很大关系。“  ????we understand
things”为主语从句,该从句中缺少方式状语(如何),故用How。
16.(2015江苏,25)  ????Li Bai,a great Chinese poet,was born is known to the public,but some
won????t accept it.
答案 Where 句意:李白,伟大的中国诗人,出生的地方人人皆知,但是有些人对此并不接受。
“  ????Li Bai,a great Chinese poet,was born”为主语从句。该从句中缺少地点状语,故答案
为Where。
17.(2015浙江,6)If you swim in a river or lake,be sure to investigate   ????is below the water sur-
face.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.
答案 what 句意:如果你在河里或湖里游泳,一定要查明水下的状况。经常会有岩石或树枝
隐藏在水中。“  ????is below the water surface”为宾语从句,作动词investigate的宾语,该从
句中缺少主语且表示“事物”,故答案为what。
21.(2015湖南,26)You have to know   ????you????re going if you are to plan the best way of getting
there.
答案 where 句意:如果你要计划到那里的最好路线,你就得知道你将要往哪儿走。“ ????
????you????re going”为宾语从句,该从句中缺少地点状语,故答案为where。
22.(2015陕西,19)Reading her biography,I was lost in admiration for   ???? Doris Lessing had
achieved in literature.
答案 what 句意:读着她的自传,我沉浸在对Doris Lessing在文学上获得的成就的崇拜之
中。“  ???? Doris Lessing had achieved in literature”为宾语从句,该从句中缺少宾语且表示
“事物”,故答案为what。
23.(2015四川,8)The exhibition tells us   ????we should do something to stop air pollution.
答案 why 句意:这个展览告诉我们为什么我们应该做一些事情来阻止空气污染。“ ????
????we should do something to stop air pollution”为宾语从句,该从句中缺少原因状语,故答案为
why。
24.(2014大纲全国,24)Exactly  ????the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain,but it was
probably around 1565.
答案 when 句意:土豆被引入欧洲的确切时间不能确定,但很可能是1565年左右。分析句子
结构可知,设空处为主语从句的引导词,从around 1565判断,这里指时间,故填when。
25.(2014天津,14)I think  ????impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.
答案 what????句意:我认为他的画给我留下深刻印象的是他对色彩的使用。在主语从句 ????
????impresses me about his painting中,所缺的词作主语且表示“物”,所以填what。
26.(2014山东,7)It is difficult for us to imagine  ????life was like for slaves in the ancient world.
答案 what 句意:我们很难想象古代奴隶们的生活是什么样子的。分析句子结构可知在该
空引导的宾语从句中介词like后面缺少宾语且设空处表示“事物”,所以填what。
27.(2014重庆,12)—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?
—Yeah,but I have no idea  ???? he did it;that????s one of his favorite universities.
答案 why 句意:——迈克昨天拒绝了耶鲁大学给他的机会,这是真的吗?——是的,但是我
不知道他为什么会这样做,那可是他最喜欢的大学之一。根据句意可知填why。why引导同位
语从句。
28.(2014福建,34)Pick yourself up.Courage is doing  ????you????re afraid to do.
答案 what 句意:振作起来,勇气就是去做你害怕做的事情。分析题干可知doing后为宾语从
句,从句中缺作宾语的连接词。在宾语从句中,what可以作主语或宾语,所以填what。
29.(2014浙江,8)“Every time you eat a sweet,drink green tea.”This is  ????my mother used to
tell me.
答案 what 句意:“每次你吃糖果的时候,喝点绿茶。”这就是我妈妈过去常常告诉我的。
根据句意可知,设空处引导表语从句,引导词在从句中作宾语且表示“事物”,因此填what。
30.(2014江苏,26)—What a mess! You are always so lazy!
—I????m not to blame, Mum. I am  ????you have made me.
答案 what 句意:——真是太乱了!你总是这么懒惰!——妈妈,这不是我的责任。是你使我
成了现在这个样子的。根据分析可知am后为表语从句,根据句意和表语从句中缺宾补的情况
可知填what。
题组三 状语从句
1.(2019天津,13)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents???? opinion   ???? he wants
their support.
答案 unless 句意:汤姆非常独立以至于他从来不征求他父母的意见,除非他想要他们的支
持。根据句意可知,设空处引导条件状语从句,意为“如果不;除非”,故填unless。
2.(2018北京,2)  ????we don????t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be
gone.
答案 If 句意:如果我们不制止气候变化,世界上的很多动物和植物将会死去。本题考查状
语从句。根据句意可知,设空处引导条件状语从句,表示“如果”,故填If。
3.(2018天津,4)Let????s not pick these peaches until this weekend so  ????they get sweet enough to
be eaten.
答案 that 句意:到周末我们再摘这些桃子吧,那样的话它们就变得足够甜能吃了。本题考
查状语从句。由设空处后的内容可判断设空处引导目的状语从句,故答案为that,即so that引导
目的状语从句。
4.(2018江苏,29)  ????you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay moti-
vated after one or two nights.
答案 Unless 句意:如果你睡不好觉的话,一两夜过后你就会无法集中注意力,无法做计划,也
无法保持干劲了。考查状语从句。根据语境此处考查条件状语从句,unless=if...not“除非…
…;如果不……”。
5.(2017北京,25)  ????birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other pur-
poses.
答案 Although/While/Though 句意:尽管鸟类用它们的羽毛来飞行,可是它们的羽毛中的一
些还有其他用处。设空处引导让步状语从句。
6.(2017北京,28)If you don????t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other
people   ???? you figure it out.
答案 until/till 句意:如果你不明白某件事情,你可以去调查、研究并与其他人商讨,直到你
弄明白为止。设空处引导时间状语从句,表示“直到……为止”,故用until/till。
7.(2017江苏,23)Located   ???? the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt
and Road construction.
答案 where 句意:位于“一带”和“一路”的交汇处,江苏将对“一带一路”的建设贡献
更多。本题考查地点状语从句。设空处引导地点状语从句,且在从句中作地点状语,因此用
where引导。
8.(2016北京,27)My grandfather still plays tennis now and then,   ????he????s in his nineties.
答案 although/though 句意:尽管我的爷爷九十多岁了,他仍时常打网球。本题考查让步状
语从句。根据句意可知空格处应填although/though。
9.(2016北京,33)I really enjoy listening to music   ????it helps me relax and takes my mind away
from other cares of the day.
答案 because/as 句意:我真的很喜欢听音乐,因为它可以帮我放松并使我不操心一天中的其
他事。本题考查原因状语从句。空格前后为因果关系,故答案为because或as。
10.(2016天津,7)   ????the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old
people to care for.
答案 As 句意:随着人口平均年龄的增长,有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。考查状语从句。
根据句意可知此处应用as引导状语从句。
11.(2016浙江,5)   ????online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been posi-
tive.
答案 While/Although/Though 句意:虽然网购改变了我们的生活,但并不是它的所有影响都
是正面的。考查状语从句。根据句意可知用While/Although/Though引导让步状语从句。
12.(2015北京,32)  ????the damage is done,it will take many years for the farmland to recover.
答案 Once/If 句意:一旦/如果农田遭到破坏,要花费很多年的时间才能使其恢复。根据句
意可知用 Once/If。
13.(2015江苏,26)It is so cold that you can????t go outside   ????fully covered in thick clothes.
答案 unless 句意:天太冷了,你不能出去,除非你被厚厚的衣服包裹得严严实实。根据句意
可知用 unless。此处unless fully covered=unless you are fully covered。
14.(2015天津,12)We need to get to the root of the problem   ????we can solve it.
答案 before 句意:在能够解决这个问题之前,我们需要找到它的根源所在。根据句意可知
用before。
15.(2015浙江,9)Just   ????a single word can change the meaning of a sentence,a single sentence
can change the meaning of a paragraph.
答案 as 句意:正如一个词可以改变一个句子的意思一样,一个句子可以改变一个段落的意
思。根据句意可知用as。
16.(2015安徽,23)  ????scientists have learned a lot about the universe,there is much we still
don????t know.
答案 Although/Though/While 句意:虽然科学家已经了解了很多有关宇宙的东西,但是还有
很多我们不知道的。根据句意可知填Although/Though/While。
17.(2015福建,31)  ????the students came from different countries,they got along quite well in the
summer camp.
答案 Although/Though/While 句意:虽然这些学生来自不同的国家,但他们在这个夏令营中
相处得很好。根据句意可知用Although/Though/While。
18.(2015湖南,33)  ???? the job takes a significant amount of time,most students agree that the
experience is worth it.
答案 Although/Though/While 句意:虽然这份工作要花大量的时间,但是大部分的学生认为
这次经历是值得的。根据句意可知用Although/Though/While。
19.(2015陕西,20)I believe you will have a wonderful time here   ????you get to know everyone
else.
答案 once/if 句意:我相信一旦/如果你认识了其他所有人,你会在这里玩得很开心。根据语
境可知用once/if。
20.(2015四川,6)There is only one more day to go   ????your favorite music group play live.
答案 before 句意:距你最喜欢的乐队现场表演只剩下一天了。根据句意可知用before。
21.(2015重庆,4)If you miss this chance,it may be years   ????you get another one.
答案 before 句意:如果你错过了这次机会的话,那可能要等到多年之后你才能再次获得机
会。此处为固定句式it may be+一段时间+before...。
22.(2014安徽,25)The meaning of the word “nice”changed a few times  ????it finally came to
include the sense “pleasant”.
答案 before 句意:“nice”这个单词的含义在它最终包含“pleasant”的含义之前经过了多
次变化。根据句意可知填before。
23.(2014湖南,26)You will never gain success  ????you are fully devoted to your work.
答案 unless 句意:除非你全身心地投入到工作中,否则你永远也不会获得成功。分析句子
结构可知设空处引导条件状语从句,又根据句意可知填unless。