【备考小升初】专项复习陈述句课件
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专题九 句子
考点一 陈述句
了解陈述句，疑问句，祈使句，感叹句四种句式；知道四种句式的基本结构；掌握四种句式之间的相互转化。近年来小考中主要考查肯定句变否定句，陈述句变一般疑问句和陈述句变特殊疑问句的运用。
新知导入
句子是由单词和短语按照一定的语法规律组合在一起， 表达完整、独立的意思的语言单位。在谈话时句与句之间有停顿,在书写时句末有句号，问号或感叹号，句首第一个字母要大写。
Language points.
英语句子按使用目的可以分为四类:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。这四个句子的“脾气”也互不相同。陈述句爱叙述，疑问句爱提问，祈使句爱建议，感叹句爱赞美。
Language points.
一、陈述句的功能及结构特征
陈述句是用来说明一个事实的句子，其主要表意功能是传递信息、说明情况，用来肯定或否定某个事物、某件事或某种情况。陈述句的结构特征通常是主语在前，谓语在后,用降调，句尾用句号。例如:
I often watch TV in the evening.我经常在晚上看电视。
Jack is a student.杰克是一名学生。
We shouldn't litter in the cinema.我们不应该在电影院里乱扔垃圾。
Language points.
二、陈述句句式的转换
1.肯定句变否定句
（1）句中有be动词时，在be动词后加not。例如：
She is a policewoman.她是一名警察。
→She is not a policewoman.她不是一名警察。
Language points.
（2）句中有情态动词can, may, must, need, will, shall, should等时，在情态动词后加not(can和not合并)。例如：
Liu Tao can jump high. 刘涛跳得高。
→Liu Tao cannot jump high.刘涛跳不高。
Language points.
（3）句中无be动词和情态动词时，在句中的动词前加助动词don't，doesn't 或didn't，原来的动词要用原形。例如:
Mike gets up earlier than David.迈克起得比戴维早。
→Mike doesn't get up earlier than David.迈克起得不比戴维早。
Language points.
2.陈述句变一般疑问句
（1）句中有be动词和情态动词时，把它们提到句首，句末改为问号。例如:
Yang Ling is a good student.杨玲是个优秀的学生。
→Is Yang Ling a good student 杨玲是个优秀的学生吗
I will go to Xi'an tomorrow.我明天将要去西安。
→Will you go to Xi'an tomorrow？你明天将要去西安吗
Language points.
（2）句中无be动词和情态动词时，用助动词Do， Does或Did开头，原来的动词要用原形，句末改为问号。例如:
Helen's mother likes going shopping.海伦的妈妈喜欢购物。
→Does Helen's mother like going shopping 海伦的妈妈喜欢购物吗
The old man went for a walk on the street last night.
这个老人昨晚在街上散步。
→Did the old man go for a walk on the street last night
这个老人昨晚在街上散步了吗
Language points.
典例精析
[例1]翻译句子
1.苏海喜欢拍照。 ________________________________________________
2.高山不擅长数学。 ________________________________________________
3.迈克跑步不比南希快。________________________________________________
Practice.
典例精析
[例1]翻译句子
1.苏海喜欢拍照。 ________________________________________________
解析： 1.此句是陈述句的肯定句，用短语like doing sth.，答案为“Su Hai likes taking photos."。
Practice.
典例精析
[例1]翻译句子
2.高山不擅长数学。 ________________________________________________
解析：2.此句是带be动词的陈述句的否定句，用短语be good at,答案为“Gao Shan isn't good at maths."
Practice.
典例精析
[例1]翻译句子
3.迈克跑步不比南希快。________________________________________________
解析：3.此句是带实义动词的否定句用法，用比较级，答案为"Mike doesn't run faster than Nancy.”。
Practice.
典例精析
[例2]把下列句子改为一般疑问句。
1. I have a healthy diet.
________________________________________________
2. Simon picked apples on the farm last Sunday.
________________________________________________
3. They will watch a dragon dance this afternoon. ________________________________________________
Practice.
典例精析
[例2]把下列句子改为一般疑问句。
1. I have a healthy diet.
________________________________________________
解析：1.此句为一般现在时的陈述句，改为一般疑问句时，首先在句首加上助动词Do，第一人称改为第二人称，句末改为问号，答案为“Do you have a healthy diet "。
Practice.
典例精析
[例2]把下列句子改为一般疑问句。
2. Simon picked apples on the farm last Sunday.
________________________________________________
解析：2.此句为一般过去时的陈述句，改为一般疑问句时，首先在句首加上助动词Did，谓语动词改为原形，句末改为问号，答案为“Did Simon pick apples on the farm last Sunday "。
Practice.
典例精析
[例2]把下列句子改为一般疑问句。
3. They will watch a dragon dance this afternoon. ________________________________________________
解析：3.此句为一般将来时的陈述句，改为一般疑问句时，将will提到句首，句末改为问号,答案为“Will they watch a dragon dance this afternoon "。
Practice.
考点精炼
一、把下列句子改成否定句
1. I'm a Chinese boy.______________________________________________
2. I like fishing.____________________________________________________
3. Tom can play the piano.________________________________________
4. Helen studies Chinese every day.______________________________
5. Keep the room clean, please.__________________________________
6. Tom went to the farm yesterday.______________________________
Homework.
7.They are making a model ship in the room now.
___________________________________________________________________
8.I did my homework after dinner yesterday. ___________________________________________________________________
9.Nancy needs some stamps.
___________________________________________________________________
10.I have a brother and a sister.
___________________________________________________________________
Homework.
二、翻译句子，每空一词。
1.很久以前，这个房子里住着一个老人和一个小男孩。
Long long ago,_________ _________ _________ and a little boy _________ _________ the house.
2.我们再国庆节游览了颐和园。
We _________ the _________ __________ on __________ ___________.
3.人们不应该开车太多。
People_________ _________ _________ too much.
Homework.
4.杨玲喜欢看故事。
Yang Ling _________ _________ _________.
5.他们上周在公园举行野餐了吗？
_________ they __________ a __________ in the park last week
6.我在春节通常看舞狮表演。
I usually _________ _________ _________ at the Spring Festival.
7.人们喜欢在秋天爬山。
People like to _________ _________ in autumn.
Homework.
8.刘涛昨天没有踢足球。
Liu Tao _________ _________ football yesterday.
Homework.
答案：
一、1. I'm not a Chinese boy.
2. I don't like fishing.
3. Tom can't play the piano.
4. Helen doesn't study Chinese every day.
5. Don't keep the room clean, please.
6. Tom didn't go to the farm yesterday.
7.They aren't making a model ship in the room now.
8.I didn't do my homework after dinner yesterday.
Homework.
9.Nancy doesn't need any stamps.
10.I don't have a brother and a sister.
二、1.an old woman；lived in 2.visited；Summer Palace；National Day 3.should not Drive 4.likes reading stories 5.Did；have；picnic
6.watch lion dances 7.go climbing 8.didn't play
Homework.
谢谢
21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com) 中小学教育资源网站
有大把高质量资料？一线教师？一线教研员？
欢迎加入21世纪教育网教师合作团队！！月薪过万不是梦！！
详情请看：
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php
专题九 句子
考点一 陈述句
了解陈述句，疑问句，祈使句，感叹句四种句式；知道四种句式的基本结构；掌握四种句式之间的相互转化。近年来小考中主要考查肯定句变否定句，陈述句变一般疑问句和陈述句变特殊疑问句的运用。
新知导入
句子是由单词和短语按照一定的语法规律组合在一起， 表达完整、独立的意思的语言单位。在谈话时句与句之间有停顿,在书写时句末有句号，问号或感叹号，句首第一个字母要大写。
Language points.
英语句子按使用目的可以分为四类:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。这四个句子的“脾气”也互不相同。陈述句爱叙述，疑问句爱提问，祈使句爱建议，感叹句爱赞美。
Language points.
一、陈述句的功能及结构特征
陈述句是用来说明一个事实的句子，其主要表意功能是传递信息、说明情况，用来肯定或否定某个事物、某件事或某种情况。陈述句的结构特征通常是主语在前，谓语在后,用降调，句尾用句号。例如:
I often watch TV in the evening.我经常在晚上看电视。
Jack is a student.杰克是一名学生。
We shouldn't litter in the cinema.我们不应该在电影院里乱扔垃圾。
Language points.
二、陈述句句式的转换
1.肯定句变否定句
（1）句中有be动词时，在be动词后加not。例如：
She is a policewoman.她是一名警察。
→She is not a policewoman.她不是一名警察。
Language points.
（2）句中有情态动词can, may, must, need, will, shall, should等时，在情态动词后加not(can和not合并)。例如：
Liu Tao can jump high. 刘涛跳得高。
→Liu Tao cannot jump high.刘涛跳不高。
Language points.
（3）句中无be动词和情态动词时，在句中的动词前加助动词don't，doesn't 或didn't，原来的动词要用原形。例如:
Mike gets up earlier than David.迈克起得比戴维早。
→Mike doesn't get up earlier than David.迈克起得不比戴维早。
Language points.
2.陈述句变一般疑问句
（1）句中有be动词和情态动词时，把它们提到句首，句末改为问号。例如:
Yang Ling is a good student.杨玲是个优秀的学生。
→Is Yang Ling a good student 杨玲是个优秀的学生吗
I will go to Xi'an tomorrow.我明天将要去西安。
→Will you go to Xi'an tomorrow？你明天将要去西安吗
Language points.
（2）句中无be动词和情态动词时，用助动词Do， Does或Did开头，原来的动词要用原形，句末改为问号。例如:
Helen's mother likes going shopping.海伦的妈妈喜欢购物。
→Does Helen's mother like going shopping 海伦的妈妈喜欢购物吗
The old man went for a walk on the street last night.
这个老人昨晚在街上散步。
→Did the old man go for a walk on the street last night
这个老人昨晚在街上散步了吗
Language points.
典例精析
[例1]翻译句子
1.苏海喜欢拍照。 ________________________________________________
2.高山不擅长数学。 ________________________________________________
3.迈克跑步不比南希快。________________________________________________
Practice.
典例精析
[例1]翻译句子
1.苏海喜欢拍照。 ________________________________________________
解析： 1.此句是陈述句的肯定句，用短语like doing sth.，答案为“Su Hai likes taking photos."。
Practice.
典例精析
[例1]翻译句子
2.高山不擅长数学。 ________________________________________________
解析：2.此句是带be动词的陈述句的否定句，用短语be good at,答案为“Gao Shan isn't good at maths."
Practice.
典例精析
[例1]翻译句子
3.迈克跑步不比南希快。________________________________________________
解析：3.此句是带实义动词的否定句用法，用比较级，答案为"Mike doesn't run faster than Nancy.”。
Practice.
典例精析
[例2]把下列句子改为一般疑问句。
1. I have a healthy diet.
________________________________________________
2. Simon picked apples on the farm last Sunday.
________________________________________________
3. They will watch a dragon dance this afternoon. ________________________________________________
Practice.
典例精析
[例2]把下列句子改为一般疑问句。
1. I have a healthy diet.
________________________________________________
解析：1.此句为一般现在时的陈述句，改为一般疑问句时，首先在句首加上助动词Do，第一人称改为第二人称，句末改为问号，答案为“Do you have a healthy diet "。
Practice.
典例精析
[例2]把下列句子改为一般疑问句。
2. Simon picked apples on the farm last Sunday.
________________________________________________
解析：2.此句为一般过去时的陈述句，改为一般疑问句时，首先在句首加上助动词Did，谓语动词改为原形，句末改为问号，答案为“Did Simon pick apples on the farm last Sunday "。
Practice.
典例精析
[例2]把下列句子改为一般疑问句。
3. They will watch a dragon dance this afternoon. ________________________________________________
解析：3.此句为一般将来时的陈述句，改为一般疑问句时，将will提到句首，句末改为问号,答案为“Will they watch a dragon dance this afternoon "。
Practice.
考点精炼
一、把下列句子改成否定句
1. I'm a Chinese boy.______________________________________________
2. I like fishing.____________________________________________________
3. Tom can play the piano.________________________________________
4. Helen studies Chinese every day.______________________________
5. Keep the room clean, please.__________________________________
6. Tom went to the farm yesterday.______________________________
Homework.
7.They are making a model ship in the room now.
___________________________________________________________________
8.I did my homework after dinner yesterday. ___________________________________________________________________
9.Nancy needs some stamps.
___________________________________________________________________
10.I have a brother and a sister.
___________________________________________________________________
Homework.
二、翻译句子，每空一词。
1.很久以前，这个房子里住着一个老人和一个小男孩。
Long long ago,_________ _________ _________ and a little boy _________ _________ the house.
2.我们再国庆节游览了颐和园。
We _________ the _________ __________ on __________ ___________.
3.人们不应该开车太多。
People_________ _________ _________ too much.
Homework.
4.杨玲喜欢看故事。
Yang Ling _________ _________ _________.
5.他们上周在公园举行野餐了吗？
_________ they __________ a __________ in the park last week
6.我在春节通常看舞狮表演。
I usually _________ _________ _________ at the Spring Festival.
7.人们喜欢在秋天爬山。
People like to _________ _________ in autumn.
Homework.
8.刘涛昨天没有踢足球。
Liu Tao _________ _________ football yesterday.
Homework.
答案：
一、1. I'm not a Chinese boy.
2. I don't like fishing.
3. Tom can't play the piano.
4. Helen doesn't study Chinese every day.
5. Don't keep the room clean, please.
6. Tom didn't go to the farm yesterday.
7.They aren't making a model ship in the room now.
8.I didn't do my homework after dinner yesterday.
Homework.
9.Nancy doesn't need any stamps.
10.I don't have a brother and a sister.
二、1.an old woman；lived in 2.visited；Summer Palace；National Day 3.should not Drive 4.likes reading stories 5.Did；have；picnic
6.watch lion dances 7.go climbing 8.didn't play
Homework.
谢谢
21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com) 中小学教育资源网站
有大把高质量资料？一线教师？一线教研员？
欢迎加入21世纪教育网教师合作团队！！月薪过万不是梦！！
详情请看：
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php