主题语境——人与自然之灾害防范
【语境概说】 本单元的主题是人与自然，涉及的话题是自然灾害与防范、安全常识与自我保护。单元话题可以使学生了解自然灾害，培养学生的灾害防范意识，对学生进行防灾减灾教育。同时，鼓励学生开展小组活动，增强合作意识。
Misfortunes tell us what fortune is.不经灾难不知福。
The last drop of humans will be tears of regret after environmental damage.
人类的最后一滴水将是环境破坏后悔恨的眼泪。
Nature is kind of a loving mother，but also a butcher in cold blood.
自然不仅是慈爱的母亲，也是冷血的屠夫。
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
1.Translate the following words and phrases.
①disaster n. 灾难；灾害
②drought n. 旱灾；久旱
③slide vi.& vt. (使)滑行；滑动
④flood n. 洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没
⑤volcanic eruption 火山喷发
⑥rescue n.& vt. 营救；救援
⑦damage n.& vt. 损失；损害
⑧survive vi. 生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过
⑨destroy vt. 摧毁；毁灭
⑩death n. 死；死亡
?affect vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
?shelter n. 避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
2.Brainstorming：Have you ever experienced any natural disasters？How many kinds of natural disasters do you know?
fire，earthquake，hurricane，flood，landslide，tsunami，tornado，drought
3.Describe what happened during the earthquake.
4.Finish Ex.1 on Page 48.
Finish Ex.2 & Ex.3 on Page 48.
1.Speaking—Finish Ex.4 on Page 49 by following the example.
Good morning.Today is 13 May.A huge earthquake hit Wenchuan，China，yesterday afternoon.At least 8，500 people were killed by 13 May in the 7.8 magnitude earthquake.Rescue workers and soldiers are working day and night to dig out those trapped in the ruins and help the survivors.
2.Pronunciation
(1)听录音，对比发音
清辅音
/p/
/t/
/k/
/f/
/s/
/θ/
/?/
/t?/
/tr/
/ts/
浊辅音
/b/
/d/
/ɡ/
/v/
/z/
/e/
/?/
/d?/
/dr/
/dz/
(2)听词汇辨-ed结尾的发音
第一组： reached，kissed，talked，washed，finished，helped
规律：-ed在清辅音后读：/t/
第二组： enjoyed，welcomed，answered，carried，worried
规律：-ed在浊辅音及元音后读：/d/
第三组：wanted，started，needed，counted，painted，visited，added
规律：-ed在/t/或 /d/后读：/id/
语言知识积累
Ⅰ.单词
1.strike v.袭击；灾难突然发生
2.severe adj. 严重的；严厉的
3.rubbish n. 垃圾；废物
4.recover v. 痊愈
5.uncertain adj.不确定的
6.concern n. 担心；关心
7.exist vi. 存在；生存
8.attack v. 攻击；袭击
9.unite v. 团结；联合
10.hopeless adj.没有希望的；绝望的
Ⅱ.短语
1.rescue team 救援队
2.donate...to... 向……捐赠……
3.rebuild one’s home 重建某人的家园
4.take on a new look 呈现新面貌
5.put up 搭建；张贴；提高
文化知识习得
震级
震级是指地震的大小；是以地震仪测定的每次地震活动释放的能量多少来确定的。中国目前使用的震级标准，是国际上通用的里氏分级表，共分9个等级，在实际测量中，震级则是根据地震仪对地震波所作的记录计算出来的。地震愈大，震级的数字也愈大，震级每差一级，通过地震释放的能量约差32倍。
学习策略形成
1.听力技巧点拨
听力训练有非常多的形式：将听到的词或句子选出来、配对题、真假题、填充题、选择题、补全句子题、图表完成题。在听前，根据标题、图片、问题或选项可以预测听力材料的大体内容。
根据问题和选项进行预测是最常用的方法，一般的听力材料，大多数要求学生回答问题或选择正确答案，这些题目本身便为学生提供了可预测的内容。迅速浏览一下所提出的问题或问题中的选项，便能在听之前了解相当一部分信息。
2.清辅音与浊辅音的区别
英语辅音音素分清辅音与浊辅音，发音时声带不振动的是清辅音，如：/p/，/t/，/k/，/f/，/s/。发音时声带振动的是浊辅音，如：/b/，/d/，/ɡ/，/v/，/z/。
英语辅音大部分是成对的，分清浊两种。如：/p，b/，/t，d/，/k，ɡ/，/f，v/。英语中有一部分辅音是不成对的，如：/m/，/n/，/l/，/r/，/j/，/w/ 没有对应的清辅音，/h/ 没有对应的浊辅音。
1.rescue n.&vt.营救，救援
What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood-hit area? (教材P48)
救援人员和士兵在受灾地区做什么？
[合作探究] 体会rescue的用法和意义
The rescue car broke down on our way to the flooded area.
这辆救援车在我们去洪灾地区的路上出故障了。
Helicopters rescued nearly 20 people from the roof of the burning building.
直升机从着火大楼的楼顶救出了将近20人。
He held on to a branch until we came to his rescue.
他抓住一根树枝，直到我们把他救下来。
[自主发现]
①come to/go to sb’s rescue＝rescue sb 援救某人
②rescue sb/sth from... 从……营救某人/某物
[词块积累]
rescue team 营救队
wait to be rescued 等待救援
[巩固内化]
(1)单句语法填空
①Tom rescued a boy from the river on his way home.
(2)补全句子
②When we were trapped in the ruins，the soldiers came to our rescue.
当我们被困在废墟中时，士兵们赶来救援。
2.damage n.&vt.损失；损害
Which buildings were damaged in Seoul? (教材P48)首尔哪些建筑物受损？
[合作探究] 体会damage的用法和意义
Damage caused by the earthquake disaster can’t be ignored.
地震灾害导致的损失不容忽视。
Eating too much meat one time will cause/do damage to your stomach.
一次吃太多的肉会对你的胃造成损害。
As we all know，smoking can damage our health.
众所周知，抽烟会损害我们的健康。
[自主发现]
①cause/do damage to 对……造成损害；损害……
②damage one’s health 损害某人的健康
[巩固内化] 补全句子
①Your father is angry because you have caused/done damage to the flower beds.(damage n.)
你把花坛损坏了，你父亲对此非常生气。
②He had an accident and damaged the bike.(damage vt.)
他遇到意外事故，把自行车弄坏了。
3.affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动 effect n.效应；影响；结果 vt.引起；实现；使发生
82 killed，500，000 affected(教材P49)82人死亡，50万人受影响
[合作探究] 体会affect与effect的用法和意义
①The noise from the coming and going cars of the road affected our study.
马路上来往车辆的噪音影响了我们的学习。
②Most people present at the meeting were deeply affected by his speech.
出席会议的大多数人被他的演讲深深打动了。
③My parents’ divorce had a great effect on me.
父母的离婚给我带来了很大的影响。
[自主发现]
④affect sb/sth 影响某人/某事
⑤be deeply affected by... 被……深深打动
⑥have an effect on... 对……有影响
[辨析比较]
(1)affect主要用作动词，意为“影响”，相当于have an effect on。
(2)effect作动词时指“引起；实现；使发生”，着重“造成”一种特殊的效果。作名词时指affect(影响)的结果，常用于短语have an effect on...中，表示“对……有影响”。
[巩固内化]
(1)选词填空(affect/effect)
①Don’t play around here！Your noise affects my job badly.
②Playing computer games too much will have a bad effect on your study.
(2)补全句子
③The firefighter’s lung was affected because of breathing in the poisonous gas.
由于吸入了有毒气体，那位消防队员的肺部受到了侵袭。
④What you say or do will have an effect on others.
你所说或所做的每一件事都会对别人产生影响。
4.shelter n.[C]避难处；居所 [U]庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
Shelters set up by the government(教材P49)政府设立的庇护所
[合作探究] 体会shelter的用法和意义
It’s so hot，and we’d better find a tree to take shelter from the sun.
太热了，我们最好找棵大树来遮阳。
We sat in the shade，sheltering from the sun.我们坐在背阴处，避免被晒到。
Trees shelter the house from the wind.树给房子挡住了风。
[自主发现]
①take shelter from... 躲避……
②shelter...from... 保护/遮蔽……不/免受……
③shelter from... 躲避……
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①They found shelter from the storm in a garage.
②We must find a place to shelter (shelter)from the downpour.
[思考] 请说出shelter作及物动词时的同义词并造句。
protect
The wall can protect/shelter our houses from being flooded.
Ⅰ.Listening
(Ⅰ)Listen to the first dialogue just once and choose the best answer.
Why is the woman looking for her raincoat?
A.It’s raining now.
B.The radio says it is going to rain.
C.She watched the weather forecast on TV.
答案 B
听力原文：
W：Jack，have you seen my raincoat?
M：No，but I don’t think it’s going to rain.
W：But the radio says it is going to rain.
(Ⅱ)Listen to the second dialogue twice and choose the best answer.
1.Who is probably the woman?
A.A soldier. B.A volunteer.
C.A reporter.
2.What was the man’s wife doing when the earthquake happened?
A.Sleeping.
B.Preparing for breakfast.
C.Cleaning the house.
3.When did the earthquake take place?
A.At 6：15. B.At 6：30.
C.At 6：45.
答案 1.C 2.B 3.C
听力原文：
W：Good morning! Here is Juliet specially for the Morning News at 7：00 o’clock.This morning Northbridge，California was struck by an earthquake.The man beside me is Ben Parmer.Hello，Ben，can you tell me something about what happened?
M：Well，I was outside to feed my pigs when I felt the ground moving left and right.I thought it was earthquake，but not serious.
W：What about your wife? What was she doing then?
M：I shouted at her.She was in the kitchen preparing for breakfast.I watched my watch; it showed 6：45.
W：Did she feel the earthquake?
M：Yes，she was very terrified.She rushed out of the house.
W：Thank you，Ben.The earthquake was level 6，and no buildings have been reported fallen yet.
Ⅱ.Listening and speaking
(Ⅰ)Listening—Listen to the third dialogue twice and fill in the blanks.
Dora：Steven，why are you so depressed?
Steven：I’m ①feeling very sad.I just read the newspaper.
Dora：What’s the news?
Steven：According to the newspaper，the town was razed by an earthquake and more than 10，000 people died ②in the earthquake.
Dora：It’s horrible.
Steven：Yeah，we have to do something to ③help the people in the stricken area.
Dora：Yes.How about donating some money?
Steven：It’s ④a good idea.But where can we donate money?
Dora：Just find the answer ⑤through the Internet.
Steven：Yes，let’s do it now.
(Ⅱ)Speaking—If there were an earthquake coming，what should you do to protect yourselves?
The answer is open.
课件26张PPT。主题语境——人与自然之灾害防范【语境概说】 本单元的主题是人与自然，涉及的话题是自然灾害与防范、安全常识与自我保护。单元话题可以使学生了解自然灾害，培养学生的灾害防范意识，对学生进行防灾减灾教育。同时，鼓励学生开展小组活动，增强合作意识。Misfortunes tell us what fortune is.不经灾难不知福。
The last drop of humans will be tears of regret after environmental damage.
人类的最后一滴水将是环境破坏后悔恨的眼泪。
Nature is kind of a loving mother，but also a butcher in cold blood.
自然不仅是慈爱的母亲，也是冷血的屠夫。Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking1.Translate the following words and phrases.①disaster n. ________________ ②drought n. ________________
③slide vi.& vt. ________________ ④flood n. ________________
vi. ________________
vt. ________________
⑤volcanic eruption ________________ ⑥rescue n.& vt. ________________ 灾难；灾害旱灾；久旱(使)滑行；滑动 洪水；大量淹没；大量涌入 使灌满水；淹没火山喷发营救；救援⑦damage n.& vt. ________________ ⑧survive vi. ________________
vt. ________________
⑨destroy vt. ________________ ⑩death n. ________________
?affect vt. __________________________
?shelter n. __________________
vt. __________________
vi. __________________ 损失；损害生存；存活幸存；艰难度过 摧毁；毁灭死；死亡影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动 避难处；居所；庇护保护；掩蔽躲避(风雨或危险)2.Brainstorming：Have you ever experienced any natural disasters？How many kinds of natural disasters do you know?________________________________________________________________________fire，earthquake，hurricane，flood，landslide，tsunami，tornado，drought3.Describe what happened during the earthquake.4.Finish Ex.1 on Page 48.destroyedruinscrackedinjuredFinish Ex.2 & Ex.3 on Page 48.1.Speaking—Finish Ex.4 on Page 49 by following the example.Good morning.Today is 13 May.A huge earthquake hit Wenchuan，China，yesterday afternoon.At least 8，500 people were killed by 13 May in the 7.8 magnitude earthquake.Rescue workers and soldiers are working day and night to dig out those trapped in the ruins and help the survivors.2.Pronunciation(1)听录音，对比发音(2)听词汇辨-ed结尾的发音
第一组： reached，kissed，talked，washed，finished，helped
规律：-ed在清辅音后读：____________
第二组： enjoyed，welcomed，answered，carried，worried
规律：-ed在浊辅音及元音后读：____________
第三组：wanted，started，needed，counted，painted，visited，added
规律：-ed在/t/或 /d/后读：____________ /t//d//id/语言知识积累Ⅰ.单词1.strike v.袭击；灾难突然发生
2.severe adj. 严重的；严厉的
3.rubbish n. 垃圾；废物
4.recover v. 痊愈
5.uncertain adj.不确定的
6.concern n. 担心；关心
7.exist vi. 存在；生存
8.attack v. 攻击；袭击
9.unite v. 团结；联合
10.hopeless adj.没有希望的，绝望的 Ⅱ.短语1.rescue team 救援队
2.donate...to... 向……捐赠……
3.rebuild one’s home 重建某人的家园
4.take on a new look 呈现新面貌
5.put up 搭建；张贴；提高文化知识习得震级
震级是指地震的大小；是以地震仪测定的每次地震活动释放的能量多少来确定的。中国目前使用的震级标准，是国际上通用的里氏分级表，共分9个等级，在实际测量中，震级则是根据地震仪对地震波所作的记录计算出来的。地震愈大，震级的数字也愈大，震级每差一级，通过地震释放的能量约差32倍。 学习策略形成1.听力技巧点拨听力训练有非常多的形式：将听到的词或句子选出来、配对题、真假题、填充题、选择题、补全句子题、图表完成题。在听前，根据标题、图片、问题或选项可以预测听力材料的大体内容。
根据问题和选项进行预测是最常用的方法，一般的听力材料，大多数要求学生回答问题或选择正确答案，这些题目本身便为学生提供了可预测的内容。迅速浏览一下所提出的问题或问题中的选项，便能在听之前了解相当一部分信息。 2.清辅音与浊辅音的区别英语辅音音素分清辅音与浊辅音，发音时声带不振动的是清辅音，如：/p/，/t/，/k/，/f/，/s/。发音时声带振动的是浊辅音，如：/b/，/d/，/ɡ/，/v/，/z/。
英语辅音大部分是成对的，分清浊两种。如：/p，b/，/t，d/，/k，ɡ/，/f，v/。英语中有一部分辅音是不成对的，如：/m/，/n/，/l/，/r/，/j/，/w/ 没有对应的清辅音，/h/ 没有对应的浊辅音。 1.rescue n.&vt.营救，救援What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood-hit area? (教材P48)
救援人员和士兵在受灾地区做什么？
[合作探究] 体会rescue的用法和意义
The rescue car broke down on our way to the flooded area.
这辆救援车在我们去洪灾地区的路上出故障了。
Helicopters rescued nearly 20 people from the roof of the burning building.
直升机从着火大楼的楼顶救出了将近20人。He held on to a branch until we came to his rescue.
他抓住一根树枝，直到我们把他救下来。
[自主发现]
①come to/go to sb’s rescue＝________________ 援救某人
②__________________ 从……营救某人/某物 rescue sbrescue sb/sth from... [词块积累]
rescue team 营救队
wait to be rescued 等待救援
[巩固内化]
(1)单句语法填空
①Tom rescued a boy ____________ the river on his way home.
(2)补全句子
②When we were trapped in the ruins，the soldiers ____________________.
当我们被困在废墟中时，士兵们赶来救援。fromcame to our rescue 2.damage n.&vt.损失；损害Which buildings were damaged in Seoul? (教材P48)首尔哪些建筑物受损？
[合作探究] 体会damage的用法和意义
Damage caused by the earthquake disaster can’t be ignored.
地震灾害导致的损失不容忽视。
Eating too much meat one time will cause/do damage to your stomach.
一次吃太多的肉会对你的胃造成损害。
As we all know，smoking can damage our health.
众所周知，抽烟会损害我们的健康。[自主发现]
①cause/do damage ____________ 对……造成损害；损害……
②________________ 损害某人的健康
[巩固内化] 补全句子
①Your father is angry because you have _____________________________ the flower beds.(damage n.)
你把花坛损坏了，你父亲对此非常生气。
②He had an accident and ___________________________________.(damage vt.)
他遇到意外事故，把自行车弄坏了。 todamage one’s health caused/done damage todamaged the bike3.affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动 effect n.效应；影响；结果 vt.引起；实现；使发生82 killed，500，000 affected(教材P49)82人死亡，50万人受影响
[合作探究] 体会affect与effect的用法和意义
①The noise from the coming and going cars of the road affected our study.
马路上来往车辆的噪音____________了我们的学习。
②Most people present at the meeting were deeply affected by his speech.
出席会议的大多数人被他的演讲____________了。
③My parents’ divorce had a great effect on me.
父母的离婚给我带来了很大的____________。影响深深打动影响[自主发现]
④affect sb/sth 影响某人/某事
⑤be deeply ____________... 被……深深打动
⑥have an effect ____________... 对……有影响
[辨析比较]
(1)affect主要用作动词，意为“影响”，相当于have an effect on。
(2)effect作动词时指“引起；实现；使发生”，着重“造成”一种特殊的效果。作名词时指affect(影响)的结果，常用于短语have an effect on...中，表示“对……有影响”。 affected byon[巩固内化]
(1)选词填空(affect/effect)
①Don’t play around here！Your noise ____________ my job badly.
②Playing computer games too much will have a bad ____________ on your study.
(2)补全句子
③The firefighter’s lung ________________ because of breathing in the poisonous gas.
由于吸入了有毒气体，那位消防队员的肺部受到了侵袭。
④What you say or do will ____________________ others.
你所说或所做的每一件事都会对别人产生影响。affectseffectwas affected have an effect on 4.shelter n.[C]避难处；居所 [U]庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)Shelters set up by the government(教材P49)政府设立的庇护所
[合作探究] 体会shelter的用法和意义
It’s so hot，and we’d better find a tree to take shelter from the sun.
太热了，我们最好找棵大树来遮阳。
We sat in the shade，sheltering from the sun.我们坐在背阴处，避免被晒到。
Trees shelter the house from the wind.树给房子挡住了风。[自主发现]
①take shelter _______________... 躲避……
②________________ 保护/遮蔽……不/免受……
③________________ 躲避……
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①They found shelter ____________ the storm in a garage.
②We must find a place ____________ (shelter)from the downpour.
[思考] 请说出shelter作及物动词时的同义词并造句。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________fromshelter...from...shelter from...fromto shelterprotect
The wall can protect/shelter our houses from being flooded. Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking(1)
1.Discussing—What do you think may happen before an earthquake?
Bright lights in the sky may appear.
Animals may be too nervous to eat.
Mice may run out of holes looking for places to hide.
Fish may jump out of their pools and ponds.
Well walls may have deep cracks.
2.Predicting—Look at the title and the picture and predict what the text is probably about.
A terrible earthquake is likely to happen.
1.First reading—Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 A.The earthquake caused unbelievable destruction to Tangshan.
Para.2 B.The earthquake happened and caused deaths and injuries in Tangshan.
Para.3 C.Help came soon after the quakes.
Para.4 D.Strange things happened，but no one paid attention to them.
Para.5 E.Tangshan came back to life again.
答案 Para.1 D Para.2 B Para.3 A Para.4 C Para.5 E
2.Second reading—Choose the best answer according to the text.
(1)When did the earthquake happen?
A.At night on July 28，1976.
B.On the morning of July 28，1976.
C.On the afternoon of July 28，1976.
D.The writer didn’t tell us.
(2)How many people who lived there were dead or injured?
A.A half. B.Two thirds.
C.One third. D.The text didn’t tell us.
(3)What does the sentence “Slowly，the city began to breathe again.” mean?
A.The city will not die; it has hope and it can recover from the pain.
B.The army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to help people.
C.Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.
D.Most of the 10，000 miners were rescued.
答案 (1)B (2)B (3)A
3.Third reading—Fill in the blanks according to the text.
Tangshan Earthquake
Before the earthquake
·The water in the village wells ①rose and fell again and again.
·Animals in the farmyards became too ②nervous to eat.
During the earthquake
At 3：42 am everything began to ③shake.
And hard hills of rock became rivers of ④dirt.
Damages of the earthquake
Over 400，000 people were killed or ⑤injured in the earthquake. And nearly everything was ⑥destroyed.
The help from the whole nation
Soldiers dug out those who were ⑦trapped and buried the dead. Medical workers came to provide medical ⑧care. Workers built ⑨shelters for survivors.
The great success people have achieved
The new city has taken on a new look, with great ⑩improvements in transportation, industry, and environment.
阅读技巧点拨
怎样理清文章的篇章结构？
阅读一篇文章，首先要知道这篇文章是围绕什么而展开的、是怎样展开的，这就是文章的篇章结构问题。理清文章和段落的组织结构有助于我们更加清晰地把握文章的脉络，理解作者的观点在文章中是如何提出、展开的。理清了文章结构不但可以帮助我们理解和记忆文章的主要信息，还可以帮助我们极大地提高阅读效率。学会有选择地阅读，哪些语句可以跳读、粗读，哪些语句需要精读、细读。
本篇文章结构：分总结构；文章是以时间顺序组织的。
语言现象感知
Ⅰ.单词理解
体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义
1.He was bleeding from the head and suffering from shock.n.休克
2.His glasses were buried under a pile of papers. vt.掩埋
Ⅱ.词块积累
写出下列词块的含义
1.tens of thousands of成千上万的
2.bury the dead埋葬死者
3.the rest of the world 世界其他地方
4.in the well walls在井壁上
5.as usual和往常一样
6.look for places to hide 寻找藏身之处
7.get up on one’s feet站起来
8.become a home to成为……的家园
Ⅲ.句式欣赏
1.同词重复表强调
For several days the water in the village wells rose and fell，rose and fell.
2.everywhere用作连词，引导状语从句。
Everywhere survivors looked，there was nothing but ruins.
3.把无生命的事物当作有生命的事物来描写，这种方法叫做拟人。
Slowly，the city began to breathe again.
[思考] 请你在文中找出类似的拟人句：The city began to revive itself and get up on its feet again.
1.Compared with Wenchuan Earthquake，why did Tangshan Earthquake cause such great losses?
People took no notice of the signs before the earthquake./People thought little of the earthquake./People didn’t make good preparations for the earthquake./They lack knowledge about how to survive the earthquake./The buildings were not strong enough to resist...
2.Imagine the room begins to shake and you must leave it right away.You have time to take only one thing.What will you take? Why?
The answer is open.
3.Group work：Make a poster about earthquakes in groups.
The answer is open.
A
Having lived in California until 1970，my family has felt a number of earthquakes.We have been fortunate，however，to have suffered no bodily harm or property damage.
There is a website that lists all California earthquakes recorded from 1769 to the present.The site lists the dates and times as well as the magnitude(震级) and the exact location of any quake that measured more than 6.0.There are only a few quakes that stand out in my memory and，luckily，none is shown in the website.So，my personal experience with earthquakes might be considered insignificant.
There are three earthquakes that are difficult to forget.The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California.As the shaking became stronger I held her to me with one arm as I held on to one of our fruit trees with the other.All three of us (my daughter，I and the tree) shook for two or three minutes that to us felt like hours.
The second one was in 1963.Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Southern California.The earth started to shake just as we were beginning to walk from our hotel toward the famous landmark.
My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California.It was in my sixties and I was alone in an old church.As the building started to shake，I quickly headed for the door to go outside.I remember I said a little prayer—something like，“Help me get out of here in time，Dear Heavenly Father”.Minutes later，I was safe outside.
【语篇解读】 本文为记叙文，作者回忆了自己经历的三次地震。
1.The author writes the passage mainly to tell us about .
A.a new film about an earthquake
B.how to survive an earthquake
C.his three earthquake experiences
D.how to save children in an earthquake
答案 C [写作意图题。作者主要是向读者介绍了自己经历的三次地震。]
2.The earthquakes the author has experienced .
A.all caused bodily harm
B.are all recorded in a website
C.all measured more than 6.0
D.all happened in California
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第三段的“The first one was in 1955...in California.”和第四段第二句以及第五段的“My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California.”可知答案。]
3.When the first earthquake happened，the author .
A.was staying with his daughter
B.was planting fruit trees
C.held on to a tree for hours
D.was in a hotel
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第三段的“All three of us (my daughter，I and the tree)shook for two or three minutes”可知作者和他的女儿共同经历了这场地震。]
4.What does the underlined part “the famous landmark” refer to?
A.A church.
B.Disneyland.
C.A building destroyed by an earthquake.
D.The place where the author was born.
答案 B [推理判断题。根据“Our entire family was visiting Disneyland”可知答案。]
B
The United States has more tornadoes(龙卷风) than any other country in the world.In a normal year there are 800 to 1，000 tornadoes.Most happen in the middle part of the country.Tornadoes form when warm and cool air meet.In the Midwest，the warm air from the Gulf of Mexico often meets the cold air from Canada.
The usual tornado season is March through May.Tornadoes form most often in the afternoon and early evening.There is often no warning of a tornado.People who live in the Midwest know the signs(征兆) of tornado activity.The sky becomes dark，often a greenish color.Dark clouds appear in the sky and there is often large hail(冰雹).Suddenly，there is a loud sound，like a train or a jet plane.Sometimes，two，three，five，ten or more tornadoes can form over a large area.
This type of tornado activity hit Oklahoma and Kansas in May 1999.The day was stormy，with heavy thunderstorms in the afternoon.As the storms continued，tornadoes began to form.Dozens of tornadoes hit towns and neighborhoods in Oklahoma，then in Kansas.Some stayed on the ground for several hours，destroying everything they touched.The tornadoes killed 43 people and injured 600 others.They destroyed thousands of homes and businesses.In some areas，not one home stood.In other areas，the tornadoes destroyed every home on the left side of the street，but didn’t touch any homes on the right side.The tornadoes lifted people and cars into the air and then threw them back down to earth.So it is important to know where to hide and how to protect yourself in the face of a tornado.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要就发生在美国的龙卷风进行了简单的介绍。
5.What can we learn about tornadoes in America?
A.They may appear in groups.
B.They usually happen in the summer.
C.There are more tornadoes in the Eastern states.
D.There are more than 1，000 tornadoes every year.
答案 A [细节理解题。由第二段中的“Sometimes，two，three，five，ten or more tornadoes can form over a large area.”可知，这些龙卷风有可能会成群出现，故选A项。]
6.The tornadoes that hit Oklahoma and Kansas in May 1999 .
A.took place at the same time
B.were the biggest in history
C.came and went quickly
D.brought death and destruction
答案 D [细节理解题。由末段中的“destroying everything...600 others”等可知，D项正确。]
7.What will the author most probably talk about next?
A.Tornado’s dangers and warning signs.
B.How to stay safe during a tornado.
C.Different kinds of tornadoes.
D.How a tornado forms.
答案 B [推理判断题。由末段中最后的“it is important to know where to hide and how to protect yourself in the face of a tornado”可知，作者接下来很可能谈论在龙卷风来临时如何保护自己，故选B项。]
课件13张PPT。Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking(1)1.Discussing—What do you think may happen before an earthquake?________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________2.Predicting—Look at the title and the picture and predict what the text is probably about. ________________________________________________________________________ Bright lights in the sky may appear.
Animals may be too nervous to eat.
Mice may run out of holes looking for places to hide.
Fish may jump out of their pools and ponds.
Well walls may have deep cracks. A terrible earthquake is likely to happen.1.First reading—Match the main idea with each paragraph.Para.1 A.The earthquake caused unbelievable destruction to Tangshan.
Para.2 B.The earthquake happened and caused deaths and injuries in Tangshan.
Para.3 C.Help came soon after the quakes.
Para.4 D.Strange things happened，but no one paid attention to them.
Para.5 E.Tangshan came back to life again.答案 Para.1 D Para.2 B Para.3 A Para.4 C Para.5 E 2.Second reading—Choose the best answer according to the text.(1)When did the earthquake happen?
A.At night on July 28，1976. B.On the morning of July 28，1976.
C.On the afternoon of July 28，1976. D.The writer didn’t tell us.
(2)How many people who lived there were dead or injured?
A.A half. B.Two thirds.
C.One third. D.The text didn’t tell us.(3)What does the sentence “Slowly，the city began to breathe again.” mean?
A.The city will not die; it has hope and it can recover from the pain.
B.The army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to help people.
C.Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.
D.Most of the 10，000 miners were rescued.答案 (1)B (2)B (3)A3.Third reading—Fill in the blanks according to the text.rosenervous shakedirtinjureddestroyed trappedcareshelters improvements 1.Compared with Wenchuan Earthquake，why did Tangshan Earthquake cause such great losses?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
2.Imagine the room begins to shake and you must leave it right away.You have time to take only one thing.What will you take? Why?
________________________________________________________________________
3.Group work：Make a poster about earthquakes in groups.
________________________________________________________________________ People took no notice of the signs before the earthquake./People thought little of the earthquake./People didn’t make good preparations for the earthquake./They lack knowledge about how to survive the earthquake./The buildings were not strong enough to resist... The answer is open.The answer is open.阅读技巧点拨怎样理清文章的篇章结构？阅读一篇文章，首先要知道这篇文章是围绕什么而展开的、是怎样展开的，这就是文章的篇章结构问题。理清文章和段落的组织结构有助于我们更加清晰地把握文章的脉络，理解作者的观点在文章中是如何提出、展开的。理清了文章结构不但可以帮助我们理解和记忆文章的主要信息，还可以帮助我们极大地提高阅读效率。学会有选择地阅读，哪些语句可以跳读、粗读，哪些语句需要精读、细读。
本篇文章结构：____________结构；文章是以____________组织的。 分总时间顺序语言现象感知
Ⅰ.单词理解体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义
1.He was bleeding from the head and suffering from shock.____________
2.His glasses were buried under a pile of papers. ____________n.休克vt.掩埋Ⅱ.词块积累 写出下列词块的含义
1.tens of thousands of____________
2.bury the dead____________
3.the rest of the world ____________
4.in the well walls____________
5.as usual____________
6.look for places to hide ____________
7.get up on one’s feet____________
8.become a home to_______________ 成千上万的埋葬死者世界其他地方在井壁上和往常一样寻找藏身之处站起来成为……的家园 Ⅲ.句式欣赏1.同词重复表强调
For several days the water in the village wells rose and fell，rose and fell.
2.everywhere用作连词，引导状语从句。
Everywhere survivors looked，there was nothing but ruins.
3.把无生命的事物当作有生命的事物来描写，这种方法叫做拟人。
Slowly，the city began to breathe again.
[思考] 请你在文中找出类似的拟人句：
_________________________________________________________________________The city began to revive itself and get up on its feet again. Section Ⅲ Reading and Thinking(2)
Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式
1.In order to catch the bear，some villagers set a trap(陷阱) and covered it with some leaves.
2.In spite of great efforts(努力)，we failed to carry out our plans through.
3.Wisdom(智慧) is knowing what to do next.
4.Don’t leave the lights on.It wastes electricity(电).
5.Jill’s last school report shocked(shock) his parents into changing their opinion.
6.Death finally brought an end to her suffering(suffer).
7.Ever since he moved there，he has buried(bury) himself in his research work.
8.I like getting up early in the morning.The morning air is good to breathe(breath).
Ⅱ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
1.The city lay in ruins(破败不堪) after the earthquake.Now，rows of houses are being built.
2.It was reported that an American couple had dug out(掘出) a lot of gold coins from their own yard.
3.Although I got up with a headache，I went to work as usual(像往常一样).
4.If we cut across(穿过) the field we’ll get there before Frank.
5.Remember that success is getting up just one more time than you fall down(跌倒).
记单词
Ⅰ.语境串记多义词
1.The storm ruined the crops，and the whole village was almost in ruins after the hurricane.
暴风雨毁坏了庄稼，整个村子在飓风过后几乎变成了废墟。
2.As soon as the cat is trapped，completely cover the trap and remove the trap from the area.
一旦那只猫被困住，把圈套完全盖住并把圈套从该地区移开。
Ⅱ.构词法助记派生词
名词后缀：-ing，-ity，-dom
1.suffer(v.)→suffering
2.electric(adj.)→electricity
3.wise(adj.)→wisdom
Ⅲ.句式语境仿写
1.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide，and fish jumped out of the water.老鼠从田里跑出来寻找藏身之处，鱼从水里跳了出来。
[仿写] 他整夜躺在床上睡不着，思考着那个问题。
All night long he lay awake，thinking of the problem.
2.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！仿佛到了世界末日！
[仿写] 看起来这条河好像不干净，不能游泳。
It looks as if the river isn’t clean enough to swim here.(陈述语气)
3.Everywhere survivors looked，there was nothing but ruins.
幸存者们向四周看看，除了废墟什么也没有。
[仿写] 无论走到哪里，她都受到热烈欢迎。
Everywhere she goes，she receives a warm welcome.
4.Water，food，and electricity were hard to get.水、食物和电是很难得到的。
[仿写] 他说这个问题不难解决。
He said that the problem was not difficult to settle.
句型公式
1.现在分词短语作伴随状语。
2.It seems/looks as if...看起来好像……
3.everywhere作连词，意为“无论哪里”，引导状语从句。
4.“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构。
Understanding in context
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP
Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei.For several days，the water in the village wells rose and fell，rose and fell.There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide，and fish jumped out of the water.At about 3：00 am on 28 July 1976，bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard.But the city’s one million people were asleep as usual that night.
[文化视窗]
地震前常见征兆
1.动物表现异常，例如：大量的蛇爬出洞来长距离迁移；家禽家畜不吃不喝，狂叫不止，不进窝圈；大量的老鼠白天出洞，不畏追赶；动物园里的动物萎靡不振，卧地不起等。
2.地下水发生异常，例如：震区的枯井突然有了水，井水的水位突然大幅度上升或下降，井水由苦变甜、由甜变苦等。
1.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
鸡甚至猪都紧张得不吃东西，狗也拒绝进入建筑物。
【句式解读】 too...to...意为“太……而不能……”，too修饰形容词或副词，to后接动词原形。
【用法总结】
(1)在“too...to...”结构中有时出现可数名词单数，而该结构的形式通常为“too＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数”。
①The sentence is too difficult for me to translate.
＝The sentence is difficult enough for me to translate.
这个句子太难我翻译不了。
②Your brother is too young a boy to be fit for the work.
＝Your brother is so young a boy that he is not fit for the work.
你弟弟太小还不能胜任这项工作。
(2)too...to...结构表示肯定意义的情况
当too之后跟表示主语的态度、情感、心情或倾向的词，如glad，eager，anxious，happy，ready，nervous，pleased等时。
当“too...to...”结构中含有not或never等否定词时。
③He is just too eager to know the result of the exam.
他只是太想知道考试成绩。
④You will be never too careful to go across the street.
过马路时，你再小心也不为过。
[巩固内化] 同义句转换
①The house is not cheap enough for me to buy.
→The house is too expensive for me to buy.
→The house is expensive enough for me to buy.
②The problem is too difficult for me to work out.
→The problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out.
③Hearing the news，the teacher was so happy.
→The teacher was too happy to hear the news.
Understanding in context
At 3：42 am，everything began to shake.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Eleven kilometres directly below the city，one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun，a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it！A huge crack，eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide，cut across houses，roads，and waterways.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In less than one minute，a large city lay in ruins.Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.Thousands of children were left without parents.The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400，000.
Everywhere survivors looked，there was nothing but ruins.Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings，90 percent of its homes，and all of its hospitals were gone.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves，but no wind could blow them away.Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross.The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal.Tens of thousands of cows，hundreds of thousands of pigs，and millions of chickens were dead.Sand now filled the wells instead of water.People were in shock—and then，later that afternoon，another big quake shook Tangshan again.Even more buildings fell down.Water，food，and electricity were hard to get.People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
[文化视窗]
20世纪中国3次大地震
1.1976年7月28日，中国唐山发生里氏7.8级大地震，造成242 769人死亡。
2.1927年5月23日，中国甘肃古浪发生8.0级地震，死亡4万余人。
3.1920年12月16日，中国宁夏回族自治区南部海原县一带发生8.5级地震，死亡28.8万人。
唐山地震灾情
唐山被夷成废墟，682 267间民用建筑中有656 136间倒塌或受到严重破坏，242 769人死亡，164 851人重伤，4 204个孩子成了孤儿。直接经济损失达30亿元人民币以上。地震罹难场面惨烈到极点，为世界罕见。
2.ruin n.&vt.破坏；毁坏
[合作探究] 体会ruin的用法和意义
The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake，which made us awake all night.
地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。
Heavy smoking ruins your health，so you should give up smoking.
吸烟过量损害你的健康，因此你应该戒烟。
If you don’t give up the computer games，you’ll ruin yourself.
如果再不戒掉电脑游戏，你会毁了自己的。
Shortly after suffering from a big earthquake and being reduced to ruins，the city took on a new look.
在遭受大地震并沦为废墟之后不久，这座城市就呈现出新的面貌。
[自主发现]
①be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；毁灭
②reduce...to ruins 使……成为废墟
③ruin oneself 自我毁灭
[巩固内化] 补全句子
①He ruined his health through drinking when he was young.
他年轻时喝酒毁了他的健康。
②Three days later, the fire was put out and some 500 blocks lay/were in ruins.
三天后火被扑灭了，大约500个街区夷为平地。
[思考] 表示“破坏”的单词还有哪些？请说出它们的区别。
(1)ruin指毁坏某种好的或者有用的东西。用作名词，意为“毁灭；废墟”。
(2)damage损坏、毁坏，指部分损坏，降低某物的价值，通常接物。
(3)destroy指彻底地破坏，一般不可修复，常作“破坏；毁灭”讲。也可以指希望、计划等的破灭。
3.shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊 shocked adj.震惊的；惊讶的 shocking adj.令人震惊的
[合作探究] 体会shock的用法和意义
I looked at my husband in shock，waiting for him to tell me that I had misunderstood everything.But he only shook his head.我震惊地望着丈夫，期待他告诉我，这一切都是我的误解。但他只是摇了摇头。
His situation was a great shock to us all.
他的处境使我们大家都大为震惊。
I was shocked to hear that our factory would have to close.
听说我们工厂将被迫关闭，我非常震惊。
The news of his sudden death is so shocking that everyone is very shocked at it.他突然死亡的消息如此令人震惊，以至于每个人听到时都感到很震惊。
[自主发现]
①in shock 震惊；吃惊
②be a shock to... 使……吃惊
③be shocked to do sth 做某事很吃惊
④be shocked at 对……感到震惊
[巩固内化] 完成语段
People were shocked to see that the UFO was flying over the city.The shocking news shocked all the people around，which was also a great shock to people all over the country.
人们十分吃惊地发现不明飞行物在这座城市的上空飞行，这个让人震惊的消息震动了周围的人们，也使全国各地的人们感到震惊。
[思考] 请说出shocked和shocking的区别。
shocked adj.“感到震惊的”， 表示人的心理状态和心理感受； shocking adj.“令人震惊的”， 说明事物的性质、特征、特点等。
4.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！仿佛到了世界末日！
【句式解读】 as if＝as though“仿佛；好像”，可用来引导表语从句和方式状语从句。
【用法总结】
(1)如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的，从句要用陈述语气。
(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时，从句要用虚拟语气。
·如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。
·如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”。
·如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。
①Hurry up! It looks as if the train is going to move.
快点！看起来火车要开了。
②It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I had done it？打破窗户的是约翰。为什么你说得好像是我打破的似的？
③He opened his mouth as if he would say something.
＝He opened his mouth as if to say something.
他张开嘴好像要说什么。
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①Tom shook his head as if to say(say)，“Don’t trust her.”
②He treats me as if I were(be) his own daughter.
③They talked as if/though they had been(be) friends for years.
[名师提醒] as if/as though引导状语从句时的省略原则。
as if/as though引导状语从句时，如果主语和主句的主语一致，且从句含be动词时，可省略状语从句的主语和be动词。从句的结构是as if/as though＋名词/动词不定式/形容词(短语)/介词短语/分词等。
Understanding in context
But hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.More than 10，000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.Water and food were brought into the city by train，truck，and plane.Slowly，the city began to breathe again.
Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet again.With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people，a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.The new city has become a home to more than seven million people，with great improvements in transportation，industry，and environment.Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster，people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
[文化视窗]
震后救援
十余万解放军官兵紧急奔赴灾区救援；全国5万名医护人员和干部群众紧急集结，开赴救灾前线；危重伤员由专机、专列紧急疏散转移到11个省(市)治疗。
抗震精神
唐山人在灾难面前所凝结出来的“公而忘私，患难与共，百折不挠，勇往直前”的抗震精神，是震中及震后建设中支撑、激励、鼓舞和引导唐山人民最终战胜地震灾害、重建家园的精神力量。
5.trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱
[合作探究] 体会trap的用法和意义
When travelling they were trapped in the mountain，waiting to be rescued.
旅行时，他们被困在山上，等待救援。
The police trapped him into telling the truth.
警察设圈套使他讲出实情。
If you choose this way，you’re likely to fall into a trap.
如果你选择这条路，你很有可能会落入圈套。
[自主发现]
①be trapped in 困在……中；陷在……中
②trap sb into (doing)sth 诱使某人(做)某事
③fall into a trap 落入圈套/陷阱
[巩固内化]
(1)补全句子
①He was trapped into saying that he liked the girl.
他被套出说他喜欢那个女孩。
②The team were trapped in the burning building and they were eager to wait for rescue.
队员们困在燃烧的建筑物中，焦急地等待救援。
(2)句式升级
③用定语从句改写练习②
The team who were trapped in the burning building were eager to wait for rescue.
6.bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心
[合作探究] 体会bury的用法和意义
She buried her face in her hands and wept.她掩面而泣。
Since his wife left，he’s buried himself in his work.
自从妻子离开以后，他一直专心于工作。
Buried in his study，he didn’t know that all the others had left.
他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。
[自主发现]
①bury...in... 把……埋到……里
②bury one’s face in hands 双手掩面
埋头于；专心于；沉浸于
[巩固内化] 一句多译
由于他埋头读书，所以他不知道外面下雨了。
→Because he buried himself in/was buried in the book，he didn’t know it was raining outside.(使用连词because)
→Burying himself in the book，he didn’t know it was raining outside.(使用现在分词burying作状语)
→Buried in the book，he didn’t know it was raining outside.(使用过去分词buried作状语)
7.effort n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
[合作探究] 体会effort的用法和意义
Another reason why we should never give up is that we can learn from our mistakes only if we make an effort.
另一个让我们永不放弃的理由是，只有我们努力了，我们才能从错误中学习。
The company has laid off 150 workers in an effort to save money.
公司为节省资金遣散了150名工人。
If it is a matter of life and death，we should spare no effort to solve it.
如果这是一个生死攸关的问题，我们就应该不遗余力地去解决它。
[自主发现]
①make an effort to do sth 努力做某事
②in an effort to do sth 为了做某事
③spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力地做某事
[巩固内化] 一句多译
我们将竭尽全力帮助你，但你必须做好迎接各种困难的准备。
→We’ll try/do our best to help you，but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.
→We’ll make an effort to help you，but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.
→We’ll spare no effort to help you，but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.
8.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.受苦 sufferer n.患病者；受苦者；受难者 suffering n.苦难；痛苦
What kind of help do you think people who have suffered an earthquake need？(教材P51)你认为地震灾民需要什么样的帮助？
[合作探究] 体会suffer的用法和意义
As far as I know，he has ever suffered from a serious illness.
据我所知，他曾患有严重的疾病。
The gas price dropped sharply，and many countries suffered great losses.
油价急剧下跌，许多国家遭受巨大损失。
The old man is said to have gone through varieties of sufferings during the war.据说这位老人在战争期间经历了各种痛苦。
[自主发现]
①suffer pain/defeat/loss/poverty/hardship遭受痛苦/失败/损失/贫困/艰难
②suffer from... 受……之苦；患……病
[巩固内化]
(1)选词填空(suffer/suffer from)
①Fortunately he suffered no pain.
②They suffered from all kinds of diseases in those years.
(2)单句语法填空
③A lot of money has been collected to help those suffering(suffer) from the floods.
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
At about 3：00 am on July 28，1976，people in the city of Tangshan were asleep as usual without thinking 1.much of the strange signs of the earthquake.
At 3：42 am everything began 2.to shake(shake).One of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century began eleven kilometers 3.directly(direct) below the city.It even caused damage more than 150 kilometers away in Beijing.In less than one minute a large city lay 4.in ruins.Two-thirds of the people died or were 5.injured (injure)during the earthquake.
Nearly everything 6.was destroyed (destroy)in the city.Most of the buildings were gone，and many farm animals died.Then later that afternoon，7.another big quake shook Tangshan.Even more 8.buildings(build)fell down.People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
But hope was not lost.The army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan.Hundreds of thousands of people 9.were helped(help).Slowly，Tangshan began to breathe again.In times of disaster，people must unify and 10.show(show) the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
Ⅱ.根据提示完成课堂小作文
地震之后，无论(everywhere)朝哪里看，我们所能看见的一切都变成了废墟(in ruins)。好像(as if)世界到了末日(come to an end)。并不是所有的希望都被毁(destroy)了。令我们欣慰的是，许多人并没有丧失信心。他们立刻前来救援(rescue)，救出了一些困在(trap)废墟中的人，并掩埋(bury)死者。在灾难(disaster)面前，他们是如此善良和乐于助人以至于他们非常愿意(too willing)帮助那些处于困境的人，因此我们再怎么表扬他们也不为过。
After the earthquake，everywhere we looked，we found everything in ruins. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end. However，not all hope was destroyed and to our relief，a great number of people didn’t lose heart. They came to the rescue right away，saved some people who were trapped under the ruins，and buried the dead. They were so kind and helpful that they were too willing to help those in trouble in the face of disasters，so we can’t think too highly of them.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The machine we often use is driven by electricity(电).
2.His bad habit ruined(毁灭) his chance of having a bright future.
3.After the woman heard that her husband was killed in the car accident，she went into shock(休克).
4.The police set a trap(陷阱) to catch the escaped prisoner.
5.She took a deep breath and sat up slowly with great effort(努力).
6.Perhaps the day will come when people will be able to breathe(呼吸)clean air.
7.Latest reports say that mud slides buried(埋) entire villages.
8.The number of families seeking shelter rose by 17 percent(百分比).
9.After learning that the boys had been lost for almost 20 hours，the police sent out a rescue(营救) team to look for them.
10.The government appealed to the International Red Cross to help the people suffering from the floods (洪灾).
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Burying(bury) himself in the newspaper，he didn’t notice what was happening.
2.Years of fighting have left the city in ruins(ruin)；it would take a lot of money to rebuild it.
3.The virus caused terrible suffering(suffer) to local animals.
4.The boy walked in as if he had bought(buy) the whole school.
5.He was trapped(trap) in the traffic jam and felt helpless.
6.If you’re addicted to computer games，you’ll ruin yourself(you).
7.Though the soldiers have been working for fifteen hours，they carry on looking for survivors(survive) in the ruins.
8.The accident caused 3 deaths(die) and 20 injuries，which happened previous to his arrival there.
Ⅲ.补全句子
1.He was burying himself in studying when I came in.
我进来的时候他正在专心致志地学习。
2.I was shocked to hear that your house had been broken into.
听说有人非法闯入你的房子，我非常震惊。
3.A young couple in a boat were eating，talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in the world.
一对年轻的夫妇在船里一边吃东西一边大声地谈笑，好像他们是世上唯一的人。
4.She ran away and left her boyfriend waiting in the rain alone.
她跑开了，留下她的男友一个人在雨中等着。
5.It’s not safe at all.Everywhere you go，you should lock your bike.
一点儿也不安全，所以不管去哪儿你都得把车锁好。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Climate(气候) change may make parts of the Middle East too hot for human beings，according to a new study.Researchers have studied weather conditions in the Middle East since 1970.The researchers say “very hot” days in the area have doubled over that period.
Right now，over 500 million people live there.In the future，the climate in large parts of the Middle East and North Africa could change because temperatures could get so high，and those living in the area could be at risk.Researchers say temperatures in summer in the Middle East and North Africa will continue rising.
The researchers believe that by 2050，temperatures will not fall below 30 ℃ at night in the hottest part of the summer.During this period，day-time temperatures could rise to 46 ℃.
Extreme heat could continue past the 21st century.Researchers think temperatures in the middle of the day could reach as high as 50 ℃.
If mankind continues to send out carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) as it does now，people living in the Middle East and North Africa will have to expect about 200 unusually hot days.
The researchers created two models.In one model，rising temperatures are limited(限制) because of reductions(减少) in greenhouse gases.The other model is said to be a “business as usual” model where nothing is done to stop climate change.
Under both models，the future of the Middle East is not good，the researchers say.They also say sooner or later，many people may have to leave this area.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。一项新的研究表明，部分中东地区的气温正变得越来越热，成为不适合人类居住的地方。
1.What has happened in the Middle East since 1970?
A.Over 500 million have left the area.
B.People have suffered more hot days.
C.Living conditions have turned better.
D.The weather conditions have improved.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据第一段的The researchers say “very hot” days in the area have doubled over that period可知，自1970年以来，该地区极度炎热的天数翻了一番。]
2.In the middle of the 21st century，day-time temperatures there might rise to .
A.30 ℃ B.39 ℃
C.46 ℃ D.50 ℃
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第三段的The researchers believe that by 2050，...，day-time temperatures could rise to 46℃可知，这里白天的最高气温可能达到46摄氏度。]
3.What would the second model do to deal with climate change?
A.Leave it alone.
B.Protect people from heat.
C.Reduce greenhouse gases.
D.Help people leave the area.
答案 A [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的The other model is said to be a “business as usual” model where nothing is done to stop climate change可知，第二种模式是对气候变化放任不管。]
4.What does the passage mainly tell us?
A.Temperatures will continue rising.
B.People living in the Middle East are at risk.
C.Scientists find ways to reduce carbon dioxide.
D.Climate change could make parts of the Middle East terrible.
答案 D [主旨大意题。根据第一段的Climate change may make parts of the Middle East too hot for human beings...可知，气候变化会使得中东部分地区热得难以忍受。]
Ⅴ.完形填空
I had suddenly run out of oil paints just when I needed them.So I made a long 1 to the only store around here that sells them.It was the 2 time to shop.The store was full of people and the checkout line was long.I could see the 3 on the faces of the people around me.It was no better in the 4 and I found myself in the middle of a long line of cars waiting to pull out of it.
As my car was moving forward I 5 a middle-aged，thin black woman in an old coat.She was holding up a piece of paper that said，“ 6 my job.Kids to feed！” I 7 as car after car drove past her while their drivers turned their eyes away. 8 I came closer，I took out my 9 and pulled out the little cash I had left.I 10 next to her，rolled down(摇下) my window，and 11 put it in her hand.She 12 and said “Thank you” before the car behind me 13 me to drive on.
I drove away and 14 that I had helped her even a little.Was my small act of kindness 15 to her？I don’t know.Did it change the 16 of the driver behind me？Probably not.But it has been a wonderful 17 for me.We all want to make great changes and 18 great things，but sometimes a small kindness is all we can do.Just let your heart 19 you then.Fill your days with 20 kindnesses and fill your life with love.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。作者在购物回家的路上遇到了一位需要帮助的人，而众多的过路者当中只有作者伸出了援助之手，因为他认为小小的善举也很有意义。
1.A.walk B.wait
C.time D.drive
答案 D [由下文a long line of cars可知，因为突然没有油漆了，作者便开车走了很长的路去附近唯一一家售卖油漆的商店。]
2.A.proper B.worst
C.happiest D.fixed
答案 B [由下文full of people可知，这是最糟糕的购物时间。]
3.A.sadness B.doubt
C.impatience D.surprise
答案 C [从上文The store was full of people and the checkout line was long可知，作者能看到周围人们脸上不耐烦的表情。]
4.A.market B.street
C.parking lot D.bus stop
答案 C [由下文pull out of it可知，停车场里也是一样的场景，作者被堵在一条长长的准备上路的车队中间。]
5.A.saw B.hit
C.blocked D.recognized
答案 A [由下文描述的内容可知，当作者的车正往前挪的时候他看到了一个女人。]
6.A.Changed B.Lost
C.Did D.Finished
答案 B [由下文Kids to feed可知，这个女人手里拿着一张纸，上面写着：“失去了工作，有孩子需要抚养”。]
7.A.rested B.organized
C.watched D.showed
答案 C [本空后是作者看到的内容，作者看着一辆辆车从她身边经过，而那些司机们都假装没看到她。]
8.A.As B.Until
C.Since D.Because
答案 A [as在这里引导时间状语从句，当作者快接近她的时候，拿出钱包掏出一些钱。]
9.A.book B.card
C.coat D.wallet
答案 D [根据下文pulled out the little cash I had left可知，作者拿出了钱包。]
10.A.stopped B.sat
C.ran D.stood
答案 A [由本空后给钱的语境可知，作者把车停在她身边。]
11.A.sadly B.carefully
C.simply D.quickly
答案 D [排队的车很多，所以作者快速把钱给了她。]
12.A.returned B.asked
C.smiled D.came
答案 C [很多司机都没给这个女人钱，所以当作者给了她钱后，她微笑着对作者表达了感谢。]
13.A.advised B.forced
C.encouraged D.caused
答案 B [根据上文的I found myself in the middle of a long line of cars waiting to pull out of it及下文的to drive on可知，后面的车迫使作者不得不往前开。]
14.A.hoped B.imagined
C.knew D.found
答案 A [由本空前后的语境可知，作者驱车离开，心里希望他能帮得上她，哪怕只是帮了一点点忙。]
15.A.true B.meaningful
C.familiar D.polite
答案 B [根据上文这个女人需要钱及作者把仅剩的钱给了她可知，作者在想他的善举对她是否有意义。]
16.A.attitude B.style
C.purpose D.habit
答案 A [前面的司机都没给这个女人钱，只有作者给了，所以作者在想他的举动会不会改变后面的司机的态度。]
17.A.message B.chance
C.example D.experience
答案 D [这里指作者刚刚经历的事情。这件事对于作者来说是一次美好的经历。]
18.A.learn B.use
C.say D.do
答案 D [和本空前make great changes构成并列，我们都希望能做出大的改变和做伟大的事，但其实有时候我们能做的仅仅是一点小小的善举。]
19.A.judge B.direct
C.improve D.save
答案 B [由上文的语境可知，此处的意思是“就让你的心灵指引着你前行”。]
20.A.natural B.possible
C.small D.interesting
答案 C [从上文的a small kindness可知，此处指小小的善举。]
课件40张PPT。Section Ⅲ Reading and Thinking(2)Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式1.In order to catch the bear，some villagers set a ____________(陷阱) and covered it with some leaves.
2.In spite of great ____________(努力)，we failed to carry out our plans through.
3.____________(智慧) is knowing what to do next.
4.Don’t leave the lights on.It wastes ____________(电).trapeffortsWisdomelectricity5.Jill’s last school report ____________(shock) his parents into changing their opinion.
6.Death finally brought an end to her ____________(suffer).
7.Ever since he moved there，he ____________(bury) himself in his research work.
8.I like getting up early in the morning.The morning air is good to ____________(breath). shockedsufferinghas buried breatheⅡ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语1.The city lay ________________(破败不堪) after the earthquake.Now，rows of houses are being built.
2.It was reported that an American couple had ________________(掘出) a lot of gold coins from their own yard.
3.Although I got up with a headache，I went to work ________________(像往常一样).
4.If we ________________(穿过) the field we’ll get there before Frank.
5.Remember that success is getting up just one more time than you ________________(跌倒). in ruinsdug outas usualcut acrossfall downⅠ.语境串记多义词1.The storm ruined the crops，and the whole village was almost in ruins after the hurricane.
暴风雨毁坏了庄稼，整个村子在飓风过后几乎变成了废墟。
2.As soon as the cat is trapped，completely cover the trap and remove the trap from the area.
一旦那只猫被困住，把圈套完全盖住并把圈套从该地区移开。 记单词Ⅱ.构词法助记派生词名词后缀：-ing，-ity，-dom
1.suffer(v.)→suffering
2.electric(adj.)→electricity
3.wise(adj.)→wisdomⅢ.句式语境仿写1.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide，and fish jumped out of the water.老鼠从田里跑出来寻找藏身之处，鱼从水里跳了出来。
[仿写] 他整夜躺在床上睡不着，思考着那个问题。
All night long he lay awake，____________________________________.
2.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！仿佛到了世界末日！
[仿写] 看起来这条河好像不干净，不能游泳。
_______________________________________ the river isn’t clean enough to swim here.(陈述语气) thinking of the problem It looks as if3.Everywhere survivors looked，there was nothing but ruins.
幸存者们向四周看看，除了废墟什么也没有。
[仿写] 无论走到哪里，她都受到热烈欢迎。
_______________________________，she receives a warm welcome.
4.Water，food，and electricity were hard to get.水、食物和电是很难得到的。
[仿写] 他说这个问题不难解决。
He said that the problem __________________________________________. Everywhere she goeswas not difficult to settle句型公式1.现在分词短语作伴随状语。
2.It seems/looks as if...看起来好像……
3.everywhere作连词，意为“无论哪里”，引导状语从句。
4.“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构。Understanding in context
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEPStrange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei.For several days，the water in the village wells rose and fell，rose and fell.There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide，and fish jumped out of the water.At about 3：00 am on 28 July 1976，bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard.But the city’s one million people were asleep as usual that night.[文化视窗]
地震前常见征兆1.动物表现异常，例如：大量的蛇爬出洞来长距离迁移；家禽家畜不吃不喝，狂叫不止，不进窝圈；大量的老鼠白天出洞，不畏追赶；动物园里的动物萎靡不振，卧地不起等。
2.地下水发生异常，例如：震区的枯井突然有了水，井水的水位突然大幅度上升或下降，井水由苦变甜、由甜变苦等。1.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings. 鸡甚至猪都紧张得不吃东西，狗也拒绝进入建筑物。
【句式解读】 too...to...意为“太……而不能……”，too修饰形容词或副词，to后接动词原形。
【用法总结】
(1)在“too...to...”结构中有时出现可数名词单数，而该结构的形式通常为“too＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数”。
①The sentence is too difficult for me to translate.
＝The sentence is difficult enough for me to translate.
这个句子太难我翻译不了。②Your brother is too young a boy to be fit for the work.
＝Your brother is so young a boy that he is not fit for the work.
你弟弟太小还不能胜任这项工作。
(2)too...to...结构表示肯定意义的情况
当too之后跟表示主语的态度、情感、心情或倾向的词，如glad，eager，anxious，happy，ready，nervous，pleased等时。
当“too...to...”结构中含有not或never等否定词时。
③He is just too eager to know the result of the exam.
他只是太想知道考试成绩。
④You will be never too careful to go across the street.
过马路时，你再小心也不为过。 [巩固内化] 同义句转换
①The house is not cheap enough for me to buy.
→The house is ________________________________________________________.
→The house is ________________________________________________________.
②The problem is too difficult for me to work out.
→The problem is ___________________________________ I can’t work it out.
③Hearing the news，the teacher was so happy.
→The teacher was _________________________________________________ the news. too expensive for me to buy expensive enough for me to buyso difficult thattoo happy to hearUnderstanding in contextAt 3：42 am，everything began to shake.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Eleven kilometres directly below the city，one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun，a quake that even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it！A huge crack，eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide，cut across houses，roads，and waterways.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In less than one minute，a large city lay in ruins.Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured.Thousands of children were left without parents.The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400，000. Everywhere survivors looked，there was nothing but ruins.Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings，90 percent of its homes，and all of its hospitals were gone.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves，but no wind could blow them away.Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross.The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal.Tens of thousands of cows，hundreds of thousands of pigs，and millions of chickens were dead.Sand now filled the wells instead of water.People were in shock—and then，later that afternoon，another big quake shook Tangshan again.Even more buildings fell down.Water，food，and electricity were hard to get.People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.[文化视窗]
20世纪中国3次大地震1.1976年7月28日，中国唐山发生里氏7.8级大地震，造成242 769人死亡。
2.1927年5月23日，中国甘肃古浪发生8.0级地震，死亡4万余人。
3.1920年12月16日，中国宁夏回族自治区南部海原县一带发生8.5级地震，死亡28.8万人。 唐山地震灾情唐山被夷成废墟，682 267间民用建筑中有656 136间倒塌或受到严重破坏，242 769人死亡，164 851人重伤，4 204个孩子成了孤儿。直接经济损失达30亿元人民币以上。地震罹难场面惨烈到极点，为世界罕见。 2.ruin n.&vt.破坏；毁坏[合作探究] 体会ruin的用法和意义
The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake，which made us awake all night.
地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。
Heavy smoking ruins your health，so you should give up smoking.
吸烟过量损害你的健康，因此你应该戒烟。
If you don’t give up the computer games，you’ll ruin yourself.
如果再不戒掉电脑游戏，你会毁了自己的。
Shortly after suffering from a big earthquake and being reduced to ruins，the city took on a new look.
在遭受大地震并沦为废墟之后不久，这座城市就呈现出新的面貌。[自主发现]
①________________ 成为废墟；毁灭
②reduce...to ruins 使……成为废墟
③________________ 自我毁灭be/lie in ruinsruin oneself[巩固内化] 补全句子
①He ____________________ through drinking when he was young.
他年轻时喝酒毁了他的健康。
②Three days later, the fire was put out and some 500 blocks ____________________.
三天后火被扑灭了，大约500个街区夷为平地。
[思考] 表示“破坏”的单词还有哪些？请说出它们的区别。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________ ruined his healthlay/were in ruins(1)ruin指毁坏某种好的或者有用的东西。用作名词，意为“毁灭；废墟”。
(2)damage损坏、毁坏，指部分损坏，降低某物的价值，通常接物。
(3)destroy指彻底地破坏，一般不可修复，常作“破坏；毁灭”讲。也可以指希望、计划等的破灭。 3.shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊 shocked adj.震惊的；惊讶的 shocking adj.令人震惊的[合作探究] 体会shock的用法和意义
I looked at my husband in shock，waiting for him to tell me that I had misunderstood everything.But he only shook his head.
我震惊地望着丈夫，期待他告诉我，这一切都是我的误解。但他只是摇了摇头。
His situation was a great shock to us all.
他的处境使我们大家都大为震惊。
I was shocked to hear that our factory would have to close.
听说我们工厂将被迫关闭，我非常震惊。The news of his sudden death is so shocking that everyone is very shocked at it.
他突然死亡的消息如此令人震惊，以至于每个人听到时都感到很震惊。
[自主发现]
①____________ shock 震惊；吃惊
②be a shock to... 使……吃惊
③________________ 做某事很吃惊
④be shocked ____________ 对……感到震惊inbe shocked to do sth at[巩固内化] 完成语段
People ________________ that the UFO was flying over the city.The ____________ news ____________ all the people around，which was also a great ____________ people all over the country.
人们十分吃惊地发现不明飞行物在这座城市的上空飞行，这个让人震惊的消息震动了周围的人们，也使全国各地的人们感到震惊。
[思考] 请说出shocked和shocking的区别。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________were shocked to seeshockingshockedshock toshocked adj.“感到震惊的”， 表示人的心理状态和心理感受； shocking adj.“令人震惊的”， 说明事物的性质、特征、特点等。 4.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！仿佛到了世界末日！【句式解读】 as if＝as though“仿佛；好像”，可用来引导表语从句和方式状语从句。
【用法总结】
(1)如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的，从句要用陈述语气。
(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时，从句要用虚拟语气。
·如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。
·如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”。
·如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。①Hurry up! It looks as if the train is going to move.
快点！看起来火车要开了。
②It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I had done it？
打破窗户的是约翰。为什么你说得好像是我打破的似的？
③He opened his mouth as if he would say something.
＝He opened his mouth as if to say something.
他张开嘴好像要说什么。[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①Tom shook his head as if ________________(say)，“Don’t trust her.”
②He treats me as if I ____________(be) his own daughter.
③They talked as if/though they ________________(be) friends for years.
[名师提醒] as if/as though引导状语从句时的省略原则。
as if/as though引导状语从句时，如果主语和主句的主语一致，且从句含be动词时，可省略状语从句的主语和be动词。从句的结构是as if/as though＋名词/动词不定式/形容词(短语)/介词短语/分词等。to saywerehad beenUnderstanding in context But hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.More than 10，000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.Water and food were brought into the city by train，truck，and plane.Slowly，the city began to breathe again.Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet again.With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people，a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.The new city has become a home to more than seven million people，with great improvements in transportation，industry，and environment.Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster，people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. [文化视窗]
震后救援十余万解放军官兵紧急奔赴灾区救援；全国5万名医护人员和干部群众紧急集结，开赴救灾前线；危重伤员由专机、专列紧急疏散转移到11个省(市)治疗。抗震精神唐山人在灾难面前所凝结出来的“公而忘私，患难与共，百折不挠，勇往直前”的抗震精神，是震中及震后建设中支撑、激励、鼓舞和引导唐山人民最终战胜地震灾害、重建家园的精神力量。5.trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱 [合作探究] 体会trap的用法和意义
When travelling they were trapped in the mountain，waiting to be rescued.
旅行时，他们被困在山上，等待救援。
The police trapped him into telling the truth.警察设圈套使他讲出实情。
If you choose this way，you’re likely to fall into a trap.
如果你选择这条路，你很有可能会落入圈套。
[自主发现]
①___________________ 困在……中；陷在……中
②___________________ 诱使某人(做)某事
③___________________ 落入圈套/陷阱 be trapped in trap sb into (doing)sth fall into a trap[巩固内化]
(1)补全句子
①He ____________________ saying that he liked the girl.
他被套出说他喜欢那个女孩。
②The team ______________________________ and they were eager to wait for rescue.
队员们困在燃烧的建筑物中，焦急地等待救援。
(2)句式升级
③用定语从句改写练习②
________________________________________________________________________was trapped intowere trapped in the burning building The team who were trapped in the burning building were eager to wait for rescue. 6.bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心[合作探究] 体会bury的用法和意义
She buried her face in her hands and wept.她掩面而泣。
Since his wife left，he’s buried himself in his work.
自从妻子离开以后，他一直专心于工作。
Buried in his study，he didn’t know that all the others had left.
他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。bury...in...be buried inbury oneself in[巩固内化] 一句多译
由于他埋头读书，所以他不知道外面下雨了。
→______________________________________________________，he didn’t know it was raining outside.(使用连词because)
→____________________________________，he didn’t know it was raining outside.(使用现在分词burying作状语)
→_____________________________，he didn’t know it was raining outside.(使用过去分词buried作状语) Because he buried himself in/was buried in the book Burying himself in the bookBuried in the book7.effort n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力[合作探究] 体会effort的用法和意义
Another reason why we should never give up is that we can learn from our mistakes only if we make an effort.
另一个让我们永不放弃的理由是，只有我们努力了，我们才能从错误中学习。
The company has laid off 150 workers in an effort to save money.
公司为节省资金遣散了150名工人。
If it is a matter of life and death，we should spare no effort to solve it.
如果这是一个生死攸关的问题，我们就应该不遗余力地去解决它。[自主发现]
①make ____________ effort to do sth 努力做某事
②____________________ 为了做某事
③____________________ 不遗余力地做某事
anin an effort to do sthspare no effort to do sth[巩固内化] 一句多译
我们将竭尽全力帮助你，但你必须做好迎接各种困难的准备。
→We’ll _________________________________________ you，but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.
→We’ll ________________________________________ you，but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.
→We’ll _______________________________________ you，but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties. try/do our best to helpmake an effort to helpspare no effort to help8.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.受苦 sufferer n.患病者；受苦者；受难者 suffering n.苦难；痛苦 What kind of help do you think people who have suffered an earthquake need？(教材P51)你认为地震灾民需要什么样的帮助？
[合作探究] 体会suffer的用法和意义
As far as I know，he has ever suffered from a serious illness.
据我所知，他曾患有严重的疾病。
The gas price dropped sharply，and many countries suffered great losses.
油价急剧下跌，许多国家遭受巨大损失。The old man is said to have gone through varieties of sufferings during the war.
据说这位老人在战争期间经历了各种痛苦。
[自主发现]
①suffer pain/defeat/loss/poverty/hardship遭受痛苦/失败/损失/贫困/艰难
②________________ 受……之苦；患……病
suffer from...[巩固内化]
(1)选词填空(suffer/suffer from)
①Fortunately he ____________ no pain.
②They ________________ all kinds of diseases in those years.
(2)单句语法填空
③A lot of money has been collected to help those ____________(suffer) from the floods. sufferedsuffered fromsufferingSection Ⅳ Discovering Useful Structures——限制性定语从句(1)
一、定义
1.在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
2.关系词分为关系代词(that，which，who，whom，whose，as等)和关系副词(when，where，why等)两类。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who引导的定语从句
[合作探究]
The children who were injured in the car accident are being treated in the hospital now.目前，在车祸中受伤的孩子们正在医院接受治疗。
Danny was the man who we rescued from the ruins.
丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的那个人。
[自主发现1] who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语。
2.whom引导的定语从句
[合作探究]
Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about.
罗丝是你应该关心的人。
The boy(whom) the teacher often praises is their monitor.
老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。
[自主发现2] whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。
3.whose引导的定语从句
[合作探究]
I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake.
我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。
He lives in a room whose window faces north.他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。
[自主发现3] whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所属”关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。
4.which引导的定语从句
[合作探究]
The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring(which) he had lost on the train.那个年轻人领回了在火车上丢失的金戒指，非常高兴。
The little girl is having an apple which is big and red.
小女孩正在吃一个又大又红的苹果。
[自主发现4] which指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可省略。
5.that引导的定语从句
[合作探究]
The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。(that指人，作主语)
The suitcase that/which lies on the ground is hers.
地上放的那个手提箱是她的。(that指物，作主语)
[自主发现5] that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可以省略。习惯上指人多用who/whom替代，指物多用which替代。
[名师提醒]
(1)关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。
(2)关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以省略。
[名师提醒]
关系词有两个作用：
一、引导定语从句
二、代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。
理解概念，弄清楚关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分，是掌握定语从句的关键。
[巩固内化1]
(1)用适当的关系代词填空
①Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?
②This is the person who/whom you should thank for helping your son.
③The girl who graduated from Cambridge University is called Amanda.
④I like those books whose topics are about history.
⑤Any student whose family is too poor to go to school can get help from the government.
⑥Look，here are some people who/whom/that I want you to meet.
⑦Do you still remember the chicken farm that/which we visited three months ago?
⑧The picture which/that was about the accident was terrible.
(2)判断正误
昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常吓人。
⑨The film (that/which)we saw it last night is very frightening.(F)
⑩The film (that/which)we saw last night is very frightening.(T)
三、关系词只能用that而不用which的情况
1.当先行词为all，little，few，some，none，something，everything，nothing，anything，much等不定代词时。
Have you taken down everything that Mr.Li said?
李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？
All that can be done has been done.所有能做的都做了。
2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.
在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。
This is the most delicious food that I have ever had.
这是我吃过的最美味的食品。
3.先行词被all，every，the only，the very，the last等修饰时。
I’ve read all the books that are not mine.我已经读了所有那些不是我的书。
The only thing that she could do was to go to the police for help.
她唯一能做的事就是去求助警察。
I have found the very pen that I lost yesterday.我已找到昨天丢的钢笔。
4.当先行词既指人，又指物时。
We often talk about the persons and things that we remember.
我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。
[巩固内化2] 补全句子
①This is the most beautiful park that I have visited.
这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。
②She took photographs of the things and people that she was interested in.
她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄了下来。
③Chatting was the only thing that interested her most.
聊天是她唯一最感兴趣的事。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The earthquake that/which hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.
2.We don’t know the number of people who/that lost their homes in the disaster.
3.Have you read the book which/that was written by Anne Frank?
4.My father bought a new bike for me whose price added up to more than 1，000 yuan.
5.She said she would do anything that could help her mother recover from the disease.
6.Hany is the boy whose mother is our maths teacher.
7.The writer and his work that you told me are really famous.
8.All that we need is enough rest after long hours’ work.
9.Anyone who has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
10.The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1.The earthquake that/which happened in Tangshan in 1976 shocked the people all over the world.
发生在1976年的唐山地震使全世界人民感到震惊。
2.She is one of the girls who have passed the exam.
她是通过考试的女孩之一。
3.Do you mean the one that you bought yesterday?
你指的是昨天买的那个吗？
4.We are going to learn some Chinese poems that/which were written in the Tang Dynasty.
我们将学习唐朝创作的一些中国诗歌。
5.The teacher is saying something to the student whose mother died in the accident.
老师正在与那位在事故中失去妈妈的学生说着什么。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Sarah Jayne is a twenty-year-old girl from the U.K.After she read the book Pay It Forward，she realized that our world would become a much 1. (good) place if everyone could do three favors(善意的行为) for others.She lost her father 2. the age of eight，so she felt pity for her friends’s children whose dad died 3. (recent).Sarah talked and played with the children to make their mother’s life easier.
This “success” led to the second favor，which was to set up a counseling(咨询) service at her school 4. (help) improve the students’ mental(心理的) health.Her third favor was for a neighbor，an old woman named Anna who lost 5. (she) eyesight.It was Anna that 6. (introduce) the book Pay it Forward to Sarah two months ago.As she loved reading，it was 7. real act of kindness to spend time 8. (read) out loud for the neighbor and keeping her company every night.
Sarah said，“I couldn’t believe at first how three small favors could make a big 9. (different).All the people 10. were helped by me have promised to pay favors forward.”
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。本文主要介绍了一个英国女孩因为读了一本书后做了三个善举，并使得受助者也愿意去帮助别人。
1.better [根据该空前的much可知，该空应用形容词的比较级，故填better。]
2.at [at the age of 表示“在……岁时”。 ]
3.recently [该空应用副词修饰动词，故填recently。]
4.to help [该空用动词不定式表目的，故填to help。]
5.her [该空应用形容词性物主代词修饰eyesight。]
6.introduced [根据two months ago可知，说的是发生在过去的一件事，所以用动词的一般过去时，故填introduced。]
7.a [act表示“行为，举动”时为可数名词，此处表示“一个”，故填a。]
8.reading [spend time doing sth表示“花时间做某事”。]
9.difference [make a big difference表示“有很大影响”。]
10.who [先行词为All the people，关系词引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，故填who。]
课件14张PPT。Section Ⅳ Discovering Useful Structures——限制性定语从句(1)一、定义1.在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
2.关系词分为关系代词(that，which，who，whom，whose，as等)和关系副词(when，where，why等)两类。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who引导的定语从句[合作探究]
The children who were injured in the car accident are being treated in the hospital now.
目前，在车祸中受伤的孩子们正在医院接受治疗。
Danny was the man who we rescued from the ruins.
丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的那个人。
[自主发现1] who指人，在定语从句中可以充当____________________。主语、宾语2.whom引导的定语从句[合作探究]
Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about.
罗丝是你应该关心的人。
The boy(whom) the teacher often praises is their monitor.
老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。
[自主发现2] whom指人，在定语从句中作____________，可省略，也可用____________代替。宾语who3.whose引导的定语从句[合作探究]
I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake.
我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。
He lives in a room whose window faces north.他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。
[自主发现3] whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所属”关系，whose在定语从句中作____________。定语4.which引导的定语从句[合作探究]
The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring(which) he had lost on the train.那个年轻人领回了在火车上丢失的金戒指，非常高兴。
The little girl is having an apple which is big and red.
小女孩正在吃一个又大又红的苹果。
[自主发现4] which指____________，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可省略。物5.that引导的定语从句[合作探究]
The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.
每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。(that指人，作主语)
The suitcase that/which lies on the ground is hers.
地上放的那个手提箱是她的。(that指物，作主语)
[自主发现5] that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作_________________，作宾语时可以省略。习惯上指人多用____________替代，指物多用____________替代。 主语、宾语或表语 who/whomwhich[名师提醒]
(1)关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。
(2)关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以省略。
[名师提醒]
关系词有两个作用：
一、引导定语从句
二、代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。
理解概念，弄清楚关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分，是掌握定语从句的关键。[巩固内化1](1)用适当的关系代词填空
①Do you know the man ____________ is talking with your mother?
②This is the person ____________ you should thank for helping your son.
③The girl ____________ graduated from Cambridge University is called Amanda.
④I like those books ____________ topics are about history.
⑤Any student ____________ family is too poor to go to school can get help from the government.
⑥Look，here are some people ____________ I want you to meet.whowho/whom whowhosewhosewho/whom/that ⑦Do you still remember the chicken farm ____________ we visited three months ago?
⑧The picture ____________ was about the accident was terrible.
(2)判断正误
昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常吓人。
⑨The film (that/which)we saw it last night is very frightening.( )
⑩The film (that/which)we saw last night is very frightening.( )that/whichwhich/thatFT三、关系词只能用that而不用which的情况1.当先行词为all，little，few，some，none，something，everything，nothing，anything，much等不定代词时。
Have you taken down everything that Mr.Li said?李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？
All that can be done has been done.所有能做的都做了。
2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.
在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。
This is the most delicious food that I have ever had.
这是我吃过的最美味的食品。 3.先行词被all，every，the only，the very，the last等修饰时。
I’ve read all the books that are not mine.我已经读了所有那些不是我的书。
The only thing that she could do was to go to the police for help.
她唯一能做的事就是去求助警察。
I have found the very pen that I lost yesterday.我已找到昨天丢的钢笔。
4.当先行词既指人，又指物时。
We often talk about the persons and things that we remember.
我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。 [巩固内化2] 补全句子①This is the most beautiful park ____________________.
这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。
②She took photographs of the things and people ____________________.
她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄了下来。
③Chatting was ____________________ interested her most.
聊天是她唯一最感兴趣的事。that I have visited that she was interested in the only thing thatSection Ⅴ Listening and Talking
1.Translate the following words and phrases.
①power n. 电力供应；能量；力量；控制力
②tap vi.&vt. 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍
n. 水龙头；轻叩；轻敲
③pipe n. 管子；管道
④whistle vt.& vi. 吹口哨
n. 哨子(声)；呼啸声
⑤aid n. 援助；帮助；救援物资
vi.&vt. 帮助；援助
⑥kit n. 成套工具；成套设备
⑦on hand 现有(尤指帮助)
⑧stay calm 保持冷静
⑨emergency supplies 应急物资
2.Brainstorming：When it comes to a disaster，we may think of Wenchuan Earthquake.Do you know what damage an earthquake will bring about?
①It is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust.
②Earthquakes may result in diseases，lack of basic necessities，loss of life，general property damage，road and bridge damage and sometimes landslides，fires，floods and even tsunamis.
Finish Ex.1 on Page 53.
Talking—Finish Ex.4 on Page 53 by following the example.
语言知识积累
小议祈使句
祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。
1.肯定的祈使句
(1)动词原形＋其他
Stand up，please.＝Please stand up.请起立。
(2)Be＋adj.
Be careful！＝Look out！＝Take care！小心/当心！
(3)Let’s＋动词原形
Let’s go to school together.
咱们一起上学去吧。
2.否定的祈使句
(1)Don’t＋动词原形
Don’t let them play with fire.
别让他们玩火。
(2)Let’s (let us)＋not＋动词原形
Let’s not say anything about it.对于这件事，咱们什么也别说。
1.power n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力 powerful adj.强有力的
Go to an open space away from buildings，trees，or power lines.(教材P53)
去一个开阔的地方，远离建筑物、树木或电线。
[合作探究] 体会power的用法和意义
China is a country where the people are in power.中国是个人民掌权的国家。
It is reported that as soon as the new president comes to power，he will meet with a lot of problems.据报道，新总统一上台就会有很多问题(需要解决)。
With years’ hard practice，he now has the power to finish the action perfectly.
经过数年的艰苦训练，现在他能完美地完成这个动作。
The difficult job is beyond my power.这工作太难，我干不了。
[自主发现]
①be in power 执政；掌权(状态)
②come to power 上台；执政(动作)
③have the power to do sth 具有做某事的能力
④beyond/out of one’s power 某人力所不能及的
[词块积累]
seize power夺取政权
turn off the power关掉电源
[巩固内化] 补全句子
①Since he came to power，he has been in power for almost five years.
自从他上台，已执政将近五年了。
②I’m afraid it’s beyond my power to help you.
我恐怕无力帮助你。
2.calm adj.镇静的；沉着的；平静的 vt.&vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定
Stay calm.(教材P53)保持冷静。
[合作探究] 体会calm的用法和意义
Calm down！There is nothing to worry about.
冷静下来！没有什么可担心的。
She tried to calm them down but only to make matters worse.
她尽力使他们平静下来，不料却适得其反。
Tina tried to ignore the danger，and did her best to keep calm.
蒂娜试图不理睬危险，尽量保持镇静。
[自主发现]
①calm down 平静下来
②keep calm 保持镇静
③calm sb down 使某人平静/镇定下来
[辨析比较]
(1)calm意为“平静的，沉着的”。指无风浪或人的心情不激动。
(2)quiet意为“宁静的，安静的”。指没有声音、不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、忧虑。
(3)still意为“静止的，不动的”。指没有运动或动作的状态。
(4)silent意为“寂静的，沉默的，不出声的”。指没有声音或不讲话。
[巩固内化]
(1)选词填空(calm/quiet/still/silent)
①She is a quiet girl.She stood still and kept silent when the teacher asked her some questions.But after a while she answered all the questions in a calm voice.
(2)补全句子
②He remained/kept calm before danger.How brave he is!
在危险面前他保持镇静。太勇敢了！
③After she calmed down，she sang better.
她平静下来后，歌唱得更好了。
课件13张PPT。Section Ⅴ Listening and Talking1.Translate the following words and phrases. ①power n. ____________________________
②tap vi.&vt. ________________
n. __________________
③pipe n. ________________ 电力供应；能量；力量；控制力 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍水龙头；轻叩；轻敲管子；管道④whistle vt.& vi. ________________
n. ________________
⑤aid n. ____________________
vi.&vt. ________________
⑥kit n. ___________________
⑦on hand ________________
⑧stay calm ________________
⑨emergency supplies ________________ 吹口哨哨子(声)；呼啸声援助；帮助；救援物资帮助；援助成套工具；成套设备现有(尤指帮助)保持冷静应急物资2.Brainstorming：When it comes to a disaster，we may think of Wenchuan Earthquake.Do you know what damage an earthquake will bring about? ①_____________________________________________________________________
②_____________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________ It is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust. Earthquakes may result in diseases，lack of basic necessities，loss of life，general property damage，road and bridge damage and sometimes landslides，fires，floods and even tsunamis. Finish Ex.1 on Page 53.Talking—Finish Ex.4 on Page 53 by following the example.语言知识积累小议祈使句
祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。
1.肯定的祈使句
(1)动词原形＋其他
Stand up，please.＝Please stand up.请起立。
(2)Be＋adj.
Be careful！＝Look out！＝Take care！小心/当心！
(3)Let’s＋动词原形
Let’s go to school together.咱们一起上学去吧。 2.否定的祈使句(1)Don’t＋动词原形
Don’t let them play with fire.
别让他们玩火。
(2)Let’s (let us)＋not＋动词原形
Let’s not say anything about it.对于这件事，咱们什么也别说。1.power n.电力供应；能量；力量；权力 powerful adj.强有力的Go to an open space away from buildings，trees，or power lines.(教材P53)
去一个开阔的地方，远离建筑物、树木或电线。
[合作探究] 体会power的用法和意义
China is a country where the people are in power.中国是个人民掌权的国家。
It is reported that as soon as the new president comes to power，he will meet with a lot of problems.据报道，新总统一上台就会有很多问题(需要解决)。
With years’ hard practice，he now has the power to finish the action perfectly.
经过数年的艰苦训练，现在他能完美地完成这个动作。
The difficult job is beyond my power.这工作太难了，我干不了。[自主发现]
①be in power 执政；掌权(状态)
②________________ 上台；执政(动作)
③________________ to do sth 具有做某事的能力
④beyond/out of one’s power 某人力所不能及的
[词块积累]
seize power夺取政权
turn off the power关掉电源come to powerhave the power[巩固内化] 补全句子
①Since he ________________，he has been ____________ for almost five years.
自从他上台，已执政将近五年了。
②I’m afraid it’s ____________________ to help you.
我恐怕无力帮助你。came to powerin powerbeyond my power2.calm adj.镇静的；沉着的；平静的 vt.&vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定Stay calm.(教材P53)保持冷静。
[合作探究] 体会calm的用法和意义
Calm down！There is nothing to worry about.
冷静下来！没有什么可担心的。
She tried to calm them down but only to make matters worse.
她尽力使他们平静下来，不料却适得其反。
Tina tried to ignore the danger，and did her best to keep calm.
蒂娜试图不理睬危险，尽量保持镇静。[自主发现]
①________________ 平静下来
②________________ 保持镇静
③________________ 使某人平静/镇定下来
[辨析比较]
(1)calm意为“平静的，沉着的”。指无风浪或人的心情不激动。
(2)quiet意为“宁静的，安静的”。指没有声音、不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、忧虑。
(3)still意为“静止的，不动的”。指没有运动或动作的状态。
(4)silent意为“寂静的，沉默的，不出声的”。指没有声音或不讲话。calm downkeep calmcalm sb down[巩固内化]
(1)选词填空(calm/quiet/still/silent)
①She is a ____________ girl.She stood ____________ and kept ____________ when the teacher asked her some questions.But after a while she answered all the questions in a ____________ voice.
(2)补全句子
②He ______________________ before danger.How brave he is!
在危险面前他保持镇静。太勇敢了！
③After she ____________________，she sang better.
她平静下来后，歌唱得更好了。quietstillsilentcalmremained/kept calmcalmed downSection Ⅵ The Rest Parts of the Unit (P54～58)
Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式
1.Her beauty struck(打动) him deeply and he decided to marry her.
2.There is a summary(小结) at the end of each chapter.
3.Emergency(紧急情况) line operators must always stay calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help.
4.He still kept calm(冷静的) in face of danger.
5.In the car crash yesterday only one of the five people survived(存活).
6.He turned as someone tapped (tap) him on the shoulder.
7.A man in the river was shouting and waving(wave) his arms around desperately.
8.What happens when food and petrol supplies(supply) run out?
9.The fish can grow to a length(long) of four feet.
10.Good teamwork is a powerful(power) tool for effective management.
Ⅱ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
1.We haven’t cleaned the house for a few days，because we don’t want to sweep away(消除) good luck.
2.At least(至少) one policeman is said to have been injured in the accident.
3.Judging from the number of(……的数量) cars，he thought there were not many people at the club yet.
4.My mother was crying as I waved goodbye to(向……挥手告别) her.
5.Always have your dictionary on hand(在手边) when you study.
6.They had to sleep in the open air(露天) after the earthquake.
记单词
Ⅰ.语境串记同根/多义词
1.Therefore，only when our culture revives，soft power becomes powerful，can our country become more powerful.
因此，只有当文化复兴、软实力强大了，我们的祖国才能变得更加强大。
2.He witnessed a serious train crash today.Two trains crashed into each other and let out a loud crash.
今天他目睹了一起严重的火车相撞事故。两列火车彼此相撞，发出了巨大的响声。
Ⅱ.构词法助记派生词
1.形容词后缀：-ful，-ive
power(n.)→powerful
effect(n.)→effective
2.名词后缀：-ion，-th
erupt(v.)→eruption
long(adj.)→length
Ⅲ.句式语境仿写
1.The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday，killing more than 6，500 people in Indonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，and at least four other countries.
昨天，40年来最强烈的地震引发的海啸袭击了亚洲各地的海岸线，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及至少其他四个国家6 500多人死亡。
[仿写] 他没来参加她的生日晚会，这使她非常伤心。
He didn’t come to attend her birthday party，making her very sad.
2.I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早餐，这时我的家里开始灌水。
[仿写] 我正在看电视，这时有朋友打电话找我。
I was watching TV when a friend rang me up.
3.However，dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
然而，危险的条件和受损的道路将使运送食品和物资变得困难。
[仿写] 在西方，人们常在圣诞节购买礼物给亲朋好友。
People in the west make it a rule to buy Christmas presents for their relatives and friends.
句型公式
1.现在分词短语作结果状语。
2.be doing...when...正在做……这时……
3.make＋it＋adj./n.(宾补)＋to do/that从句。
1.supply n.[C]供应量，补给量；(多用复数形式)补给品；[U]供应，补给 vt.供应；供给
The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.(教材P52)向灾区提供的物资来自全国各地。
[合作探究] 体会supply的用法和意义
I’d like to know the reason why the milk is in short supply in this area now.
我想知道目前该地区牛奶供应不足的原因。
I don’t know whether they have a good supply of food in the area.
我不知道这个地区是否有良好的食物供应。
The government has supplied plenty of food and clothes to the local people since the earthquake occurred.
→The government has supplied the local people with plenty of food and clothes since the earthquake occurred.
政府在地震后已经向当地人民提供了大量的食物和衣服。
[自主发现]
①in short supply 短缺
②have a good supply of... 备有许多……
③supply sth to sb 向某人提供某物
④supply sb with sth 给某人供应某物
[巩固内化] 补全句子
①The water supply has been cut off because of the terrible earthquake.
因为可怕的地震，水供应被切断了。
②We can supply you with whatever you need.
我们可以提供任何你需要的东西。
③Potatoes are in short supply because of the bad harvest.
马铃薯因为收成不好，供应短缺。
[思考] 表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有：provide sb with sth; provide sth for sb; offer sb sth；offer sth to sb等。
2.survive vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过 survivor n.幸存者；生还者 survival n.[U]幸存；[C]残存物
She’s feeding the baby who survived the earthquake.(教材P52)
她在喂养地震中生还的婴儿。
[合作探究] 体会survive的用法和意义
I don’t know how you all manage to survive on Jeremy’s salary.
我真不知道你们只靠杰里米的薪水是怎样生存的。
As far as I know，the old woman survived her husband by ten years.
据我所知，这位老太太比她丈夫多活了十年。
If he couldn’t find his way out of the forest，there would be little chance of survival.如果他找不到走出森林的路，他生存的可能性很小。
[自主发现]
①survive sth 幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来
②survive on 依靠……生存下来
③A survive B (by...) A比B活得长(……)
[名师提醒]
(1)survive本身已表示“幸存；幸免于”，因而不要加多余的in或from。
(2)当survive意为“比……多活多长时间”时，用“A survives/survived B by＋时间”结构表示。
[巩固内化]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①After he survived the earthquake，the old man became one of the few survivors of the family and his survival made his old friends very happy.(survive)
(2)补全句子
②After the traffic accident，no one survived except a girl who was badly injured.
交通事故之后，除了一个受伤严重的女孩没有一人幸存。
③They did not know how the boy could survive the cold night.
他们不知道那个男孩是怎么挨过这个寒冷之夜的。
3.crash vi.& vt.碰撞；撞击 n.(汽车的)撞车事故；(飞机的)失事；撞击声
The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing more than 6，500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries. (教材P54)昨天，过去40年来最强烈的地震引发的海啸袭击了亚洲各地的海岸线，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及至少其他四个国家6 500多人死亡。
[合作探究] 体会crash的用法和意义
①A lot of passengers were killed in the train crash.
许多旅客在火车相撞中丧生了。
②The car crashed into a big stone and burst into flames.
汽车突然撞在一块大石头上并燃烧起来。
③The tree fell with a great crash all of a sudden.
突然，那棵树哗啦一声倒了下来。
[自主发现]
④crash into/onto... 撞到……上/里
⑤with a crash 哗啦一声
[词块积累]
a loud crash 一声巨响
an air crash 飞机失事
a crash of thunder 一声炸雷
[巩固内化] 补全句子
①He was the only one to survive the crash.
他是飞机坠毁中的唯一生还者。
②I accept that the plane has no choice but to crash into sea.
我认为那架飞机只有坠入海里，别无选择。
4.strike vt.& vi.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打；罢工；打动；迷住；突然想起；报时n.罢工；罢课
The undersea quake struck around 7：00 am Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia’s Sumatra Island. (教材P54)这场海底地震发生在星期天早上7点左右，地点在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西海岸。
[合作探究] 写出下列句中strike的含义
①The visitors were struck by the beauty of the West Lake.迷住
②It struck me that I had left my bag and books at home.突然想起
③When the clock strikes six，the children go home for dinner.报时
④They went on strike for higher pays.罢工
⑤The area was struck by an outbreak of flooding.侵袭
[自主发现]
⑥be struck by... 被……打动
某人突然想起……
⑨go on strike 举行罢工
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①It strikes me that the phone number I told them is wrong.
②It was reported that many workers were on strike in that country.
③The guests are struck by the cleanliness of this city.
[思考] It strikes sb that...意为“(某人)突然想到……”，类似的结构还有：
It occurs to sb that...(某人)突然想到……
It happens that...碰巧……
5.deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表(演说等)；接生
However，dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.(教材P54)
然而，危险的条件和受损的道路将使运送食品和物资变得困难。
[合作探究] 体会deliver的用法和意义
①The nurse delivered the twins safely last night.
昨天晚上那位护士平安地接生了一对双胞胎。
②Did you deliver my message to my mother?
你把我的信息传给我母亲了吗？
③He delivered the opening speech at the opening ceremony of the 2018 World Cup.他在2018年世界杯的开幕式上致了开幕词。
[自主发现]
④deliver...to... 把……传给……
⑤deliver a speech 发表演讲/致辞
[巩固内化] 补全句子
①The headmaster delivered an important speech at the meeting yesterday which left a deep impression on his students.
在昨天的会议上校长发表了一个重要演讲，这给他的学生们留下了深刻印象。
②Please deliver the goods at your earliest convenience to every household.
请尽快将货物送到各家各户。
6.I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.(教材P54)
我和我的三个孩子正在吃早餐，这时家里开始灌水。
【句式解读】 be doing...when...意为“正在做……这时……”，when相当于and at this/that time。
【用法总结】 含when的常用句型还有：
?be about to do...when... 正要做……这时……
?had just done...when... 刚做完……这时……
①We were having a meeting when someone broke in.
我们正在开会，这时有人闯了进来。
②We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.
我们正打算动身，这时下起了雨。
③I had just gone to bed when the telephone rang.
我刚刚上床睡觉，这时电话铃响了。
[巩固内化] 补全句子
①Tom was playing computer games when his father came in.
汤姆正在玩电脑游戏，这时他爸爸进来了。
②He had just finished reading the book when supper was served.
他刚刚读完这本书，这时晚饭就端上来了。
7.However，dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.(教材P54)
然而，危险的条件和受损的道路将使运送食品和物资变得困难。
【句式解读】 句中make it difficult to deliver属于“v.(动词)＋it＋adj./n.(宾补)＋to do/that从句”结构。该结构中，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式或that从句。
【用法总结】
(1)在“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语可由名词或形容词、不带to的不定式、过去分词或介词短语充当。
①Praise makes good men better and bad men worse.
[谚语]表扬能使好人更好，坏人更坏。
[名师提醒] 当“make＋宾语＋do sth”变为被动语态时，不定式符号“to”要还原。
②The police made them stand against the wall.
→They were made by the police to stand(stand) against the wall.
警察强迫他们靠墙站着。
(2)当该结构的宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语，而把不定式短语或从句后置。即：make＋it＋宾语补足语(宾语补足语由名词或形容词充当)＋不定式短语或从句。常用于此结构中的动词还有：think，believe，find，consider，feel等。
③I find it hard to remember these words in a short time.
我发现在短时间内记住这些词很难。
④I must make it clear that I’ll always support you.
我必须说清楚我会一直支持你。
[巩固内化]
(1)单句语法填空
①He makes it a rule to get(get) up at six every day.
②The boss made us work(work) for him 16 hours a day.
③The teacher raised his voice so that he could make himself heard(hear).
(2)一句多译
④精通这项技术可能会让我们更加有效地利用网络。
→Mastering the technology makes it possible for us to use the Internet more effectively.(不定式作宾语)
→Mastering the technology makes it possible that we can use the Internet more effectively.(从句作宾语)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Enough lava out of the volcano that had erupted(爆发) buried the entire village.
2.In order to save energy，they have decided to cut down the gas supplies(供应量) to the city.
3.At the end of the news，they often give you a summary(总结) of the main news stories.
4.What struck(打动) me most was their strong desire for knowledge.
5.The professor will deliver(发表) a speech on environment protection.
6.And we should give aid(援助) to strangers when they need help.
7.The length (长度)of a paragraph depends on the information it conveys.
8.To this day，we wave(招手) to each other every time we head off in different directions.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.There was simply no cash on hand to meet the cost of food.
2.Can you inform me when to begin(begin) our final examination?
3.Do not have a drink or take drugs to calm yourself(you) down.
4.The more powerful the car is，the more difficult it is to handle(handle).
5.He succeeded with the aid of a completely new method he discovered.
6.Every day the milkman delivers milk to our house.
7.The village was swept away when the dam burst.
8.I am sure that it will have an effect on our natural environment.
Ⅲ.补全句子
1.I was watching the football match when he came in.
当他走进来的时候我正在看足球赛。
2.It struck me that we ought to try it in another way.
我突然想到我们应该用另一种方法试一试。
3.Only when the competition was over did he calm down to relax himself.
只有比赛结束了，他才能静下心来放松一下。
4.They will carry out the experiment regardless of what happens.
不管发生什么，他们都将完成这个实验。
5.Tom did it simply out of gratitude for all she had done for him.
汤姆之所以那样做，只是出于感激她为自己所做的一切。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Earthquakes have killed many people and have caused serious damage to people’s life.Here are some of the worst earthquakes that happened around the world.
Haiti Earthquake
A great earthquake hit Haiti on January 12，2010.Its center was located just southwest of the capital city of Haiti.It is the strongest earthquake to hit the country since 1770.It led to 100，000 to 316，000 deaths and left 2 million people homeless and 3 million people in need of immediate help.At least $195 million have been given by different countries，along with a large number of rescue workers to make rescue efforts.
Kashmir Earthquake
The Kashmir earthquake happened on the morning of October 8，2005.It was centered near the city of Muzaffarabad.The official number of deaths was 75，000 and there were 106，000 people who were injured.As Saturday is a normal school day in the area，most students were at schools when the earthquake happened.Many young people were buried under destroyed school buildings.Many people were also trapped in their homes.Reports say that entire towns and villages were completely wiped out in northern Pakistan.The serious damage was mainly because of poor buildings.
Indian Ocean Earthquake
Known as the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake，Indian Ocean earthquake happened on December 26，2004.While the earthquake itself lasted for only 10 seconds，it caused a tsunami(海啸).The tsunami killed about 200，000 to 310，000 people along the shores(海滨) of Indonesia，Sri Lanka，South India and Thailand.There was one death even happening at Port Elizabeth in South Africa 8，000 miles away from the center.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章简要介绍了世界上三次较为严重的地震。
1.What can be learnt from Paragraph 2?
A.Haiti is a poor country.
B.Haiti suffered many disasters.
C.Over 400，000 people died in the earthquake.
D.Haiti received international help after the earthquake.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知，海地发生地震后，得到了来自不同国家的资金和人员的援助。]
2.Why were many young people buried in Kashmir earthquake?
A.It is the strongest in history.
B.Its center was near Muzaffarabad.
C.It happened during the school time.
D.There were too many school buildings.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第三段的As Saturday is a normal school day in the area...可知，由于克什米尔发生地震时正是学生们上课的时间，因此很多年轻人在地震中被埋。]
3.Why does the author mention a death in South Africa in the last paragraph?
A.To suggest South Africa is far away.
B.To show how strong the earthquake was.
C.To tell us the earthquake killed many people.
D.To prove the earthquake was felt by South Africa.
答案 B [推理判断题。根据最后一段的...8，000 miles away from the center可知，甚至在距离震中八千英里以外的南非都有一人遇难，作者借此说明此次地震之严重，波及面之广。]
Ⅴ.阅读七选五
Self-love is the key to a happy life.After we have learned how to love ourselves，we will be able to love others. 1 You have to learn some steps to develop self-love.
Accept yourself the way you are.Every person has his or her own advantages and disadvantages.Our advantages make us proud but our disadvantages make us unhappy.This isn’t the right attitude towards life. 2 In fact，no one on this earth is perfect.The key is to achieve a better balance(平衡) and try to be as happy as possible.
Stop worrying. 3 It won’t help you get the solution(解决办法).In fact，it will make you very unhappy.So，don’t let your worries influence you.This will help you face the difficulties of life more positively.
Enjoy life.Take part in activities that you love and develop a hobby. 4 Take some time to enjoy them at least once a week.This way you are doing something that you are good at，which will make you feel good about yourself，and make you start loving life and everyone and everything in it.
5 If your body is weak and suffering from some health problems，you aren’t going to like anything about it.So you must take good care of your health.It includes eating fresh healthy food，taking enough rest and doing exercise.
A.Live a healthy lifestyle.
B.Make efforts to improve yourself.
C.It will hold you back from loving yourself.
D.They can be anything that makes you happy.
E.Worrying about a problem won’t let you think clearly.
F.However，learning to love yourself isn’t going to be easy.
G.The correct thing to do is accept the fact that you aren’t perfect.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何爱自己。
1.F [该空上一句提到爱自己对拥有快乐的人生很重要，但学会爱自己也是一件不容易的事，你需要掌握一些方法，故选F项。]
2.G [该空前一句说这不是对待生活的正确态度，后一句说世界上没有一个人是完美的，所以G项“正确的做法是接受你不完美这一事实”符合语境。]
3.E [根据该段的主题句和该空后的It won’t help you get the solution可知，担忧一个问题会让你的思考变得不清晰。]
4.D [该空前一句提到了参加自己喜欢的活动或发展一个爱好，该空在解释应该参加什么样的活动和发展什么样的爱好，再结合本段的主题句可知， 只要是能让你开心的活动和爱好，什么都可以。]
5.A [该空为该段的主题句，根据该段中出现的take good care of your health 及eating fresh healthy food，taking enough rest and doing exercise可知，该段内容与拥有健康的生活方式有关，故选A项。]
Ⅵ.语法填空
We all have to eat.Eating can help us keep 1. (health) and energetic(有活力的).Meals could be a chance 2. (stop) what we’re doing and to spend time with the people we know in our lives.Of course，eating alone at home or at a restaurant can be 3. very satisfying experience.However，could eating too many meals alone be bad for our health or influence our future 4. (succeed)?
A recent study suggests that 5. (frequent) eating alone may make 6. (we) develop poor eating habits and have poor food choices.For children，eating with their families is not only about preventing bad habits but it 7. (be) also about developing good ones.Researchers say that teens 8. have frequent family dinners are more likely to say their parents know a lot about what’s going on in their lives.They also say when they feel closer 9. their parents，they are less likely to use drugs(毒品).
If you find that many of your mealtimes are lonely events，experts at the Mental Health Foundation in the U.K. suggest 10. (make) some small changes.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文，介绍了多与家人在一起吃饭的好处。
1.healthy [keep healthy表示“保持健康”。]
2.to stop [该空应用动词不定式作后置定语修饰a chance，故填to stop。]
3.a [该空用不定冠词表示“一次”，故填a。]
4.success [该空为宾语，所以用所给单词的名词形式，故填success。]
5.frequently [该空用副词修饰动词，故填frequently。]
6.us [make sb do sth因为sb为宾语，故填宾格。 ]
7.is [根据前半句的时态可知，此处用一般现在时。]
8.who/that [该空为定语从句的关系词，先行词是teens，关系词在定语从句中作主语，指人，故填who/that。]
9.to [feel close to...表示“感觉与……亲近”。]
10.making [suggest doing sth表示“建议做某事”。]
课件28张PPT。Section Ⅵ The Rest Parts of the Unit(P54～58)Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式1.Her beauty ____________(打动) him deeply and he decided to marry her.
2.There is a ____________(小结) at the end of each chapter.
3.____________(紧急情况) line operators must always stay calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help.
4.He still kept ____________(冷静的) in face of danger.
5.In the car crash yesterday only one of the five people ____________(存活). strucksummaryEmergencycalmsurvived6.He turned as someone ____________ (tap) him on the shoulder.
7.A man in the river was shouting and ____________(wave) his arms around desperately.
8.What happens when food and petrol ____________(supply) run out?
9.The fish can grow to a ____________(long) of four feet.
10.Good teamwork is a ____________(power) tool for effective management.tappedwavingsupplieslengthpowerfulⅡ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语1.We haven’t cleaned the house for a few days，because we don’t want to ________________(消除) good luck.
2.________________(至少) one policeman is said to have been injured in the accident.
3.Judging from ________________(……的数量) cars，he thought there were not many people at the club yet.
4.My mother was crying as I ________________(向……挥手告别) her.
5.Always have your dictionary ________________(在手边) when you study.
6.They had to sleep ________________(露天) after the earthquake.sweep awayAt leastthe number ofwaved goodbye to on handin the open airⅠ.语境串记同根/多义词1.Therefore，only when our culture revives，soft power becomes powerful，can our country become more powerful.
因此，只有当文化复兴、软实力强大了，我们的祖国才能变得更加强大。
2.He witnessed a serious train crash today.Two trains crashed into each other and let out a loud crash.
今天他目睹了一起严重的火车相撞事故。两列火车彼此相撞，发出了巨大的响声。 记单词Ⅱ.构词法助记派生词1.形容词后缀：-ful，-ive
power(n.)→powerful
effect(n.)→effective
2.名词后缀：-ion，-th
erupt(v.)→eruption
long(adj.)→length Ⅲ.句式语境仿写1.The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday，killing more than 6，500 people in Indonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，and at least four other countries.
昨天，40年来最强烈的地震引发的海啸袭击了亚洲各地的海岸线，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及至少其他四个国家6 500多人死亡。
[仿写] 他没来参加她的生日晚会，这使她非常伤心。
He didn’t come to attend her birthday party，____________________________. making her very sad 2.I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早餐，这时我的家里开始灌水。
[仿写] 我正在看电视，这时有朋友打电话找我。
___________________________________ a friend rang me up.
3.However，dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
然而，危险的条件和受损的道路将使运送食品和物资变得困难。
[仿写] 在西方，人们常在圣诞节购买礼物给亲朋好友。
People in the west ______________________________________ Christmas presents for their relatives and friends. I was watching TV when make it a rule to buy句型公式1.现在分词短语作结果状语。
2.be doing...when...正在做……这时……
3.make＋it＋adj./n.(宾补)＋to do/that从句。1.supply n.[C]供应量，补给量；(多用复数形式)补给品；[U]供应，补给 vt.供应；供给The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.(教材P52)向灾区提供的物资来自全国各地。
[合作探究] 体会supply的用法和意义
I’d like to know the reason why the milk is in short supply in this area now.
我想知道目前该地区牛奶供应不足的原因。
I don’t know whether they have a good supply of food in the area.
我不知道这个地区是否有良好的食物供应。The government has supplied plenty of food and clothes to the local people since the earthquake occurred.
→The government has supplied the local people with plenty of food and clothes since the earthquake occurred.
政府在地震后已经向当地人民提供了大量的食物和衣服。
[自主发现]
①________________ 短缺
②____________________ 备有许多……
③supply sth ____________ sb 向某人提供某物
④supply sb ____________ sth 给某人供应某物 in short supplyhave a good supply of...towith[巩固内化] 补全句子
①__________________ has been cut off because of the terrible earthquake.
因为可怕的地震，水供应被切断了。
②We can _______________________________________ whatever you need.
我们可以提供任何你需要的东西。
③Potatoes ______________________________________ because of the bad harvest.
马铃薯因为收成不好，供应短缺。
[思考] 表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有：
________________________________________________________________________ The water supplysupply you withare in short supplyprovide sb with sth; provide sth for sb; offer sb sth；offer sth to sb等。 2.survive vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过 survivor n.幸存者；生还者 survival n.[U]幸存；[C]残存物She’s feeding the baby who survived the earthquake.(教材P52)
她在喂养地震中生还的婴儿。
[合作探究] 体会survive的用法和意义
I don’t know how you all manage to survive on Jeremy’s salary.
我真不知道你们只靠杰里米的薪水是怎样生存的。
As far as I know，the old woman survived her husband by ten years.
据我所知，这位老太太比她丈夫多活了十年。If he couldn’t find his way out of the forest，there would be little chance of survival.
如果他找不到走出森林的路，他生存的可能性很小。
[自主发现]
①survive sth 幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来
②________________ 依靠……生存下来
③A survive B (by...) A比B活得长(……)
[名师提醒]
(1)survive本身已表示“幸存；幸免于”，因而不要加多余的in或from。
(2)当survive意为“比……多活多长时间”时，用“A survives/survived B by＋时间”结构表示。 survive on[巩固内化]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①After he ____________ the earthquake，the old man became one of the few ____________ of the family and his ____________ made his old friends very happy.(survive)
(2)补全句子
②After the traffic accident，____________________ except a girl who was badly injured.
交通事故之后，除了一个受伤严重的女孩没有一人幸存。
③They did not know how the boy could ____________________.
他们不知道那个男孩是怎么挨过这个寒冷之夜的。 survivedsurvivorssurvivalno one survivedsurvive the cold night 3.crash vi.& vt.碰撞；撞击 n.(汽车的)撞车事故；(飞机的)失事；撞击声 The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing more than 6，500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries. (教材P54)昨天，过去40年来最强烈的地震引发的海啸袭击了亚洲各地的海岸线，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及至少其他四个国家6 500多人死亡。
[合作探究] 体会crash的用法和意义
①A lot of passengers were killed in the train crash.
许多旅客在____________中丧生了。火车相撞②The car crashed into a big stone and burst into flames.
汽车突然____________一块大石头上并燃烧起来。
③The tree fell with a great crash all of a sudden.
突然，那棵树____________倒了下来。
[自主发现]
④________________ 撞到……上/里
⑤________________ 哗啦一声
[词块积累]
a loud crash 一声巨响
an air crash 飞机失事
a crash of thunder 一声炸雷 撞在哗啦一声crash into/onto...with a crash[巩固内化] 补全句子
①He was the only one to ____________________.
他是飞机坠毁中的唯一生还者。
②I accept that the plane has no choice but to ____________________________.
我认为那架飞机只有坠入海里，别无选择。survive the crashcrash into sea4.strike vt.& vi.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打；罢工；打动；迷住；突然想起；报时n.罢工；罢课The undersea quake struck around 7：00 am Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia’s Sumatra Island. (教材P54)这场海底地震发生在星期天早上7点左右，地点在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西海岸。
[合作探究] 写出下列句中strike的含义
①The visitors were struck by the beauty of the West Lake.____________
②It struck me that I had left my bag and books at home.____________
③When the clock strikes six，the children go home for dinner.____________
④They went on strike for higher pays.____________
⑤The area was struck by an outbreak of flooding.____________迷住突然想起报时罢工侵袭be struck by...go on strike[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①It strikes me ____________ the phone number I told them is wrong.
②It was reported that many workers were ____________ strike in that country.
③The guests are struck ____________ the cleanliness of this city.
[思考] It strikes sb that...意为“(某人)突然想到……”，类似的结构还有：
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________ thatonbyIt occurs to sb that...(某人)突然想到……
It happens that...碰巧…… 5.deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表(演说等)；接生 However，dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.(教材P54)
然而，危险的条件和受损的道路将使运送食品和物资变得困难。
[合作探究] 体会deliver的用法和意义
①The nurse delivered the twins safely last night.
昨天晚上那位护士平安地____________了一对双胞胎。
②Did you deliver my message to my mother?
你把我的信息____________我母亲了吗？
③He delivered the opening speech at the opening ceremony of the 2018 World Cup.
他在2018年世界杯的开幕式上____________。接生传给致了开幕词[自主发现]
④________________ 把……传给……
⑤________________ 发表演讲/致辞
[巩固内化] 补全句子
①The headmaster ________________________ at the meeting yesterday which left a deep impression on his students.
在昨天的会议上校长发表了一个重要演讲，这给他的学生们留下了深刻印象。
②Please ____________ the goods at your earliest convenience ____________ every household.
请尽快将货物送到各家各户。 deliver...to...deliver a speech delivered an important speech deliverto6.I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.(教材P54)我和我的三个孩子正在吃早餐，这时家里开始灌水。
【句式解读】 be doing...when...意为“正在做……这时……”，when相当于and at this/that time。
【用法总结】 含when的常用句型还有：
?be about to do...when... 正要做……这时……
?had just done...when... 刚做完……这时……
①We were having a meeting when someone broke in.
我们正在开会，这时有人闯了进来。②We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.
我们正打算动身，这时下起了雨。
③I had just gone to bed when the telephone rang.
我刚刚上床睡觉，这时电话铃响了。 [巩固内化] 补全句子
①Tom _____________________________ his father came in.
汤姆正在玩电脑游戏，这时他爸爸进来了。
②He __________________________________ supper was served.
他刚刚读完这本书，这时晚饭就端上来了。 was playing computer games when had just finished reading the book when 7.However，dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.(教材P54)然而，危险的条件和受损的道路将使运送食品和物资变得困难。
【句式解读】 句中make it difficult to deliver属于“v.(动词)＋it＋adj./n.(宾补)＋to do/that从句”结构。该结构中，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式或that从句。
【用法总结】
(1)在“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语可由名词或形容词、不带to的不定式、过去分词或介词短语充当。
①Praise makes good men better and bad men worse.
[谚语]表扬能使好人更好，坏人更坏。 [名师提醒] 当“make＋宾语＋do sth”变为被动语态时，不定式符号“to”要还原。
②The police made them stand against the wall.
→They were made by the police ________________(stand) against the wall.
警察强迫他们靠墙站着。
(2)当该结构的宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语，而把不定式短语或从句后置。即：make＋it＋宾语补足语(宾语补足语由名词或形容词充当)＋不定式短语或从句。常用于此结构中的动词还有：think，believe，find，consider，feel等。
③I find it hard to remember these words in a short time.
我发现在短时间内记住这些词很难。
④I must make it clear that I’ll always support you.我必须说清楚我会一直支持你。 to stand[巩固内化]
(1)单句语法填空
①He makes it a rule ____________(get) up at six every day.
②The boss made us ____________(work) for him 16 hours a day.
③The teacher raised his voice so that he could make himself ____________(hear).
(2)一句多译
④精通这项技术可能会让我们更加有效地利用网络。
→Mastering the technology ____________________________________________ more effectively.(不定式作宾语)
→Mastering the technology ____________________________ we can use the Internet more effectively.(从句作宾语)to getworkheardmakes it possible for us to use the Internet makes it possible thatSection Ⅶ Reading for Writing——概要写作
[题型解读]
概要是一篇较长文章本质思想的简洁重述，它要求用尽量少的语言对原文的主旨进行复述。概要不是简单的换句话说，更不是评论，而是作者思想中最基本部分的准确再现。
[评分标准]
《考试说明》中规定概要写作阅卷时按5个档次给分，其中最高档次第五档(21-25 points)的评分标准是：1.理解准确，涵盖全部要点；2.能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇；3.完全使用自己的语言；4.有效使用了语句间的连接成分，使完成的概要结构紧凑。
[写作方法]
1.定位——查找核心信息
通过阅读定位语篇的核心信息，包括核心单词，核心短语和核心句子。(句子为主，以单词和短语为辅)
2.改写——用自己的语言改写信息
在核心信息的基础上进行语言表达形式的改写，对原文的语言表达形式尽可能实现大规模的改变。改写过程中，原则上字数不超过原句，不改变原文的逻辑结构，充分考虑语句压缩。
3.核查——添加关联词，检查句子的连贯性
核查句子的连贯性。核查标点、语法、连接词及字数，优先考虑使用较短的连接词，如：but，then，later等。
写作技巧
如何写概要写作？
一、题型特点
概要写作的阅读材料词数一般为300左右。写作要求考生在对原文阅读后根据其内容写出一篇约60词的内容概要。概要所用语句既要用词准确，结构合理，语义连贯，不得抄写原文，又要能完全概括出文章的中心大意。
二、注意事项
1.词数要限制在60词左右，上下不得超过10个单词。
2.要根据文章的体裁特点进行概要写作。
3.人称和时态要与所给文章中的人称和时态保持一致，但必要时也可变换成第三人称。
4.写作时尽可能地使用复合句，必要时可转换词性，不得完全照搬照抄原文。
[典例示范] 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
We’ve reached a strange—some would say unusual—point.While fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organization(WHO)，more people now die from being overweight than from being underweight.It’s the good life that’s more likely to kill us these days.
Worse，nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight.What’s going on?
We really don’t have many excuses for our weight problems.The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by public-health campaigns since 2001 and the message is getting through—up to a point.
In the 1970s，Finland，for example，had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight was its main cause.Not any more.A public-health campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 percent over the past three decades.
Maybe that explains why the percentage of people in Finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005，and doctors even offer surgery of removing fat inside and change the shape of the body.No wonder it ranks as the world’s most body-conscious country.
We know what we should be doing to lose weight—but actually doing it is another matter.By far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise.More than half of us admit we lack willpower.
Others blame good food.They say：it’s just too inviting and it makes them overeat.Some also blame their parents—their genes.But unfortunately，the parents are wronged because they’re normal in shape，or rather slim.
It’s a similar story around the world，although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight.Parents are eager to see their kids shape up.Do as I say—not as I do.
[解题思路]
第一步：定位
Part 1：
1.More people now die from being overweight than from being underweight.
2.It’s the good life that’s more likely to kill us these days.
Part 2：
3.The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by public-health campaigns since 2001.
4.In Finland，a public-health campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 percent over the past three decades.
Part 3：
5.Maybe that explains why the percentage of people in Finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005.
6.We know what we should be doing to lose weight—but actually doing it is another matter.
Part 4：
7.Others blame good food.
8.It’s a similar story around the world，although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight.
第二步：改写
1.要点1和2
合并：Good life is more likely to kill us and more people now die from being overweight.
改写： Good life becomes the killer of our health and more people now die from being overweight.
2.要点3和4
合并：People have gradually realized the dangers of being overweight through public-health campaigns since 2001 and the number of heart disease deaths has been greatly reduced in Finland.
改写：Since 2001 people have gradually become aware of the dangers of being overweight through public-health campaigns and people dying of heart disease has dropped in Finland.
3.要点5和6
合并：Many people took diet pills to lose weight though we know what we should be doing to lose weight.
改写：Many people took some negative measures to lose weight though they knew what they should be doing.
4.要点7和8
合并：People should stop making excuses and take positive action to lost weight.
改写：Although there are some excuses，people should act positively to lost weight.
第三步：核查
Nowadays，good life becomes the killer of our health and more people now die from being overweight.(要点1) Since 2001 people have gradually become aware of the dangers of being overweight through public-health campaigns and people dying of heart disease has dropped.(要点2)Regrettably，many people took some negative measures to lose weight though they knew what they should be doing.(要点3)Although there are some excuses，people should act positively to lost weight.(要点4)
课件13张PPT。Section Ⅶ Reading for Writing——概要写作[题型解读]概要是一篇较长文章本质思想的简洁重述，它要求用尽量少的语言对原文的主旨进行复述。概要不是简单的换句话说，更不是评论，而是作者思想中最基本部分的准确再现。[评分标准]《考试说明》中规定概要写作阅卷时按5个档次给分，其中最高档次第五档(21-25 points)的评分标准是：1.理解准确，涵盖全部要点；2.能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇；3.完全使用自己的语言；4.有效使用了语句间的连接成分，使完成的概要结构紧凑。 [写作方法]1.定位——查找核心信息
通过阅读定位语篇的核心信息，包括核心单词，核心短语和核心句子。(句子为主，以单词和短语为辅)
2.改写——用自己的语言改写信息
在核心信息的基础上进行语言表达形式的改写，对原文的语言表达形式尽可能实现大规模的改变。改写过程中，原则上字数不超过原句，不改变原文的逻辑结构，充分考虑语句压缩。
3.核查——添加关联词，检查句子的连贯性
核查句子的连贯性。核查标点、语法、连接词及字数，优先考虑使用较短的连接词，如：but，then，later等。 写作技巧
如何写概要写作？一、题型特点概要写作的阅读材料词数一般为300左右。写作要求考生在对原文阅读后根据其内容写出一篇约60词的内容概要。概要所用语句既要用词准确，结构合理，语义连贯，不得抄写原文，又要能完全概括出文章的中心大意。 二、注意事项1.词数要限制在60词左右，上下不得超过10个单词。
2.要根据文章的体裁特点进行概要写作。
3.人称和时态要与所给文章中的人称和时态保持一致，但必要时也可变换成第三人称。
4.写作时尽可能地使用复合句，必要时可转换词性，不得完全照搬照抄原文。 [典例示范] 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。We’ve reached a strange—some would say unusual—point.While fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organization(WHO)，more people now die from being overweight than from being underweight.It’s the good life that’s more likely to kill us these days.
Worse，nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight.What’s going on?
We really don’t have many excuses for our weight problems.The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by public-health campaigns since 2001 and the message is getting through—up to a point. In the 1970s，Finland，for example，had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight was its main cause.Not any more.A public-health campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 percent over the past three decades.
Maybe that explains why the percentage of people in Finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005，and doctors even offer surgery of removing fat inside and change the shape of the body.No wonder it ranks as the world’s most body-conscious country.
We know what we should be doing to lose weight—but actually doing it is another matter.By far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise.More than half of us admit we lack willpower. Others blame good food.They say：it’s just too inviting and it makes them overeat.Some also blame their parents—their genes.But unfortunately，the parents are wronged because they’re normal in shape，or rather slim.
It’s a similar story around the world，although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight.Parents are eager to see their kids shape up.Do as I say—not as I do.[解题思路]
第一步：定位Part 1：
1.More people now ________________________ than from being underweight.
2.It’s the ________________ that’s more likely to ________________ these days.
Part 2：
3.The ______ of the problem have been drilled into us by _____________________________.
4.In Finland，a public-health campaign has greatly ____________ the number of ________________ deaths by 80 percent over the past three decades. die from being overweight good lifekill usdangerspublic-health campaigns since 2001 reducedheart diseasePart 3：
5.Maybe that explains why the percentage of people in Finland ________________ doubled between 2001 and 2005.
6.We know ___________________________________—but actually doing it is another matter.
Part 4：
7.Others ____________ good food.
8.It’s a similar story around the world，although people are relatively _______________________________. taking diet pillswhat we should be doing to lose weight blameunlikely to have tried to lose weight第二步：改写1.要点1和2
合并：Good life is more likely to kill us and more people now die from being overweight.
改写： Good life becomes _______________________________________ and more people now die from being overweight.
2.要点3和4
合并：People have gradually realized the dangers of being overweight through public-health campaigns since 2001 and the number of heart disease deaths has been greatly reduced in Finland.
改写：Since 2001 people have gradually ____________________________ the dangers of being overweight through public-health campaigns and people ________________ heart disease has dropped in Finland. the killer of our health become aware ofdying of3.要点5和6
合并：Many people took diet pills to lose weight though we know what we should be doing to lose weight.
改写：Many people ____________________________ to lose weight though they knew what they should be doing.
4.要点7和8
合并：People should stop making excuses and take positive action to lost weight.
改写：Although there are some excuses，people should ____________________ to lost weight. took some negative measures act positively 第三步：核查Nowadays，good life becomes the killer of our health and more people now die from being overweight.(要点1) Since 2001 people have gradually become aware of the dangers of being overweight through public-health campaigns and people dying of heart disease has dropped.(要点2)Regrettably，many people took some negative measures to lose weight though they knew what they should be doing.(要点3)Although there are some excuses，people should act positively to lost weight.(要点4) Section Ⅷ Assessing Your Progress
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.This is one of the worst natural disasters(灾难) ever to hit the area.
2.The earthquake was so severe that most of the houses in the small village were completely destroyed(破坏).
3.The first thing he did was to find shelter(掩蔽处) from the freezing wind and snow.
4.With so many people buried(掩埋) under the mine，none of the rescue workers would stop to have a rest.
5.The river dried up soon due to the drought(旱灾).
6.Too much drinking will do damage(伤害) to your health; you should take the doctor’s advice.
7.He follows me everywhere and it makes me feel so trapped(困住的).
8.After rescuing(营救) the passengers in the bus，they left.
9.There’s some doubt whether they can survive(度过) the terrible accident.
10.—John is always working hard.
—So he is.I believe all his efforts(努力) will be rewarded at last.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Think of the movies，books，teachers，and friends that have an effect on you most deeply.
2.I must warn you that my patience is almost coming to an end.
3.The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if to see(see)whether he was going in the right direction.
4.The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities has been(be)rising steadily since 1990.
5.The building whose wall is white is our library.
6.She described in her composition the people and places that impressed her most.
7.It was with great sadness that we learned of his death(die).
8.I’d like to know what we can do to prevent natural disasters.
9.Studies show that people are more likely to suffer from back problems if they sit before computer screens for long hours.
10.The earthquake killed over 80，000 people and left many injured(injure).
Ⅲ.用定语从句合并下面的句子
1.Do you know the man? The man spoke to the headmaster just now.
→Do you know the man who/that spoke to the headmaster just now?
2.I have seen the film.They’re talking about the film.
→I have seen the film that/which they’re talking about.
3.The girl is from America.Her father is a Chinese.
→The girl whose father is a Chinese is from America.
4.My grandparents live in a house.It is more than 100 years old.
→My grandparents live in a house which/that is more than 100 years old.
5.The girl is from France.I called her just now.
→The girl whom/who/that I called just now is from France.
6.This is the house.Lu Xun once lived in the house.
→This is the house which Lu Xun once lived in.
课件7张PPT。Section Ⅷ Assessing Your ProgressⅠ.单词拼写1.This is one of the worst natural ____________(灾难) ever to hit the area.
2.The earthquake was so severe that most of the houses in the small village were completely ____________(破坏).
3.The first thing he did was to find ____________(掩蔽处) from the freezing wind and snow.
4.With so many people ____________(掩埋) under the mine，none of the rescue workers would stop to have a rest.disastersdestroyedshelterburied5.The river dried up soon due to the ____________(旱灾).
6.Too much drinking will do ____________(伤害) to your health; you should take the doctor’s advice.
7.He follows me everywhere and it makes me feel so ____________(困住的).
8.After ____________(营救) the passengers in the bus，they left.
9.There’s some doubt whether they can ____________(度过) the terrible accident.
10.—John is always working hard.
—So he is.I believe all his ____________(努力) will be rewarded at last. droughtdamagetrappedrescuingsurviveeffortsⅡ.单句语法填空1.Think of the movies，books，teachers，and friends that have an effect ____________ you most deeply.
2.I must warn you that my patience is almost coming to ____________ end.
3.The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ____________(see)whether he was going in the right direction.
4.The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ____________(be)rising steadily since 1990.
5.The building ____________ wall is white is our library.onanto seehas beenwhose6.She described in her composition the people and places ____________ impressed her most.
7.It was with great sadness that we learned of his ____________(die).
8.I’d like to know ____________ we can do to prevent natural disasters.
9.Studies show that people are more likely to suffer ____________ back problems if they sit before computer screens for long hours.
10.The earthquake killed over 80，000 people and left many ____________(injure).thatdeathwhatfrominjuredⅢ.用定语从句合并下面的句子1.Do you know the man? The man spoke to the headmaster just now.
→______________________________________________________________________
2.I have seen the film.They’re talking about the film.
→______________________________________________________________________
3.The girl is from America.Her father is a Chinese.
→______________________________________________________________________ Do you know the man who/that spoke to the headmaster just now? I have seen the film that/which they’re talking about.The girl whose father is a Chinese is from America.4.My grandparents live in a house.It is more than 100 years old.
→______________________________________________________________________
5.The girl is from France.I called her just now.
→______________________________________________________________________
6.This is the house.Lu Xun once lived in the house.
→______________________________________________________________________ My grandparents live in a house which/that is more than 100 years old.The girl whom/who/that I called just now is from France.This is the house which Lu Xun once lived in.
