主题语境——人与自我之生活与学习
【语境概说】 本单元话题对接新课程标准“生活与学习”之“语言学习的规律、方法等”。单元话题可以使学生了解汉字是中华民族统一的最厚重的文化基石，中华民族的文化自信主要是汉字文化的自信。弘扬中华优秀传统文化，积极地参与世界文化的对话交流。
The way to learn a language is to practice speaking it as often as possible.
学习一门语言的方法就是要尽可能经常地练习说。
Knowledge can change your fate and English can accomplish your future.
知识改变命运，英语成就未来。
Words have a magical power.They can bring either the greatest happiness or deepest despair.
言辞具有不可思议的力量。他们能带来最大的幸福，也能带来最深的失望。
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
1.Translate the following words and phrases.
①billion n. 十亿
②native adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的 n.本地人
③attitude n. 态度；看法
④refer vi. 提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于
⑤refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
2.Brainstorming：Which countries in the world do you know are English-speaking countries?
3.Fancy yourself a language expert.Answer the following questions.
(1)How many languages are there in the world?
There are around 7，000 living languages in the world today.
(2)Which language has the most native speakers?
That would be Mandarin Chinese，which has more than 1.3 billion native speakers.
(3)Which language is most frequently learned as a second language?
Around the world，the most commonly learned second language is English.
4.Finish Ex.1 on Page 60.
Finish Ex.2～Ex.4 on Page 60.
1.Speaking—Finish Ex.5 on Page 61 by following the example.
A：What language do you want to study?
B：I really want to study French.I think that...
A：Do you want to go to France someday?
B：Yes，...
2.Pronunciation—英式英语和美式英语在读音上的区别
英式英语和美式英语在读音上的差异主要反映在元音字母a，o和辅音字母r的不同读音上。
(1)在ask，can’t，dance，fast，half，path 这一类的单词中，英国人将字母a读作/a?/，而美国人则读作/?/，所以这些词在美国人口中就成了/?sk/，/k?nt/，/d?ns/，/f?st/，/h?f/和/p?θ/。
(2)在box，crop，hot，spot这一类单词中，英国人将字母o读作/?/，而美国人则将o读作近似/a?/音的/a/。所以这些词美国人读起来就成了/baks/，/krap/，/hat/和/spat/。
(3)辅音字母r在单词中是否读音是英式英语与美式英语的又一明显差异。在英式英语的r音节中不含卷舌音/r/，而美式英语的r音节中含卷舌音/r/，如下列词在英式英语和美式英语中读音是不同的：
英式英语读音 美式英语读音
car /ka?/ /kar/
door /d??/ /d?r/
party /'pa?tI/ /'partI/
board /b??d/ /b?rd/
语言知识积累
Ⅰ.单词
1.phrase n. 短语
2.idiom n. 习语，成语
3.pronunciation n. 发音
4.grammar n. 语法
5.practice n. 练习
6.standard n.& adj. 标准(的)
7.knowledge n. 知识，学问
Ⅱ.短语
1.refer to/consult a dictionary查字典
2.have a command of掌握
3.enlarge one’s vocabulary扩大词汇量
4.take notes记笔记
5.set/take/write/note down写下；记下
6.learn...by heart背诵；记住
7.keep/bear...in mind记住……
文化知识习得
英语(English)通过英国的殖民活动传播到世界各地。两个世纪前，英国和美国在文化、经济、军事、政治和科学上的领先地位使得英语成为一种国际语言。英语是世界上使用国家最多的官方语言，全世界将英语作为母语的人口排第三位，仅次于汉语和西班牙语。另外，英语也是世界上使用最广泛的第二语言，也是欧盟等国际组织及英联邦国家的官方语言之一。如今，许多国际场合都将英语作为其普遍使用的语言。
学习策略形成
如何拓展文化知识
增加课外阅读，了解文化背景知识。缺乏对英语国家的文化背景、历史知识、风土人情、 宗教信仰、礼仪等方面的了解，会对听力理解产生一定的障碍。举个例子：假如学生不了解感恩节，那么在听关于感恩节的文章时，对感恩节是否固定在每年某一天以及为什么人们要在那一天吃南瓜、火鸡等细节的理解就会产生偏差。
1.native adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的 n.本地人
How many billion people speak the UN’s official languages as their native or second language？(教材P60)
有几十亿人将联合国的官方语言作为他们的母语或第二语言？
[合作探究] 体会native的用法和意义
As a matter of fact，French is not my native language.
事实上，法语不是我的母语。
Is her uncle a native of Shanghai，or just a visitor?
她叔叔是上海本地人，还是只是一名游客？
The researcher says the tiger is native to India.
研究人员说这种虎原产于印度。
[自主发现]
①be native to 原产于……
②be a native of... 出生于……的人；生长于……的动物或植物
[词块积累]
native country 祖国
native land 故乡
native language 母语
[巩固内化] 补全句子
①During their visit to that country，they communicated with natives there happily.
在访问那个国家期间，他们与当地人进行了愉快的交流。
②You can tell from his blue eyes that he isn’t a native of China.
你可以从他的蓝眼睛看出他不是中国本土人。
2.attitude n.[C]态度；看法
What is the attitude of the speaker towards foreign language learning？(教材P60)说话人对外语学习的态度是什么？
[合作探究] 体会attitude的用法和意义
As soon as they found out I was a doctor，their whole attitude changed.
他们一听说我是医生，态度就完全改变了。
So as for students like us，we should have a good attitude towards/to failure.
所以，对于像我们一样的学生，我们应该对失败有良好的态度。
Youth is simply an attitude of mind.青春仅仅是心态问题。
[自主发现]
①have/take a good/bad attitude towards/to... 对……持好的/坏的态度
②an attitude of mind 心态问题
[词块积累]
a positive attitude积极的态度
public attitudes/people’s attitudes公众的/民众的态度
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①In contrast，people who have/take a negative attitude to/towards life have buried the ability to see opportunities.
②It is necessary to hold an objective attitude towards ratings.
3.refer to 指的是；描述；提到，涉及；查阅
Pronouns(it，their，she，etc.) refer to something or somebody mentioned earlier.(教材P60)代词(it，their，she等)指的是前面提到的某物或某人。
[合作探究1] 写出下列句中refer to的含义
①I knew the lady was referring to Bill when she spoke of a bright young man.指的是
②She referred to the last page of the book for answers.查阅
③These books refer to Asian problems.涉及
④Jim insisted that the book Mr Black referred to was worth reading.提到
[合作探究2] 体会refer to的用法和意义
The scientist referred to the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.
这位科学家将这一发现称作是该领域中最令人兴奋的新进展。
If he gives you any more trouble，refer him to me.
如果他再找你麻烦，叫他来找我。
[自主发现]
⑤refer to...as... 把……当作……；称……为……
⑥refer...to... 把……提交给……(以求获得帮助)
[巩固内化] 补全句子
①The person referred to at the conference just now was an expert in this field.
刚才在会上提到的那个人是这个领域的专家。
②You may refer to your notes if necessary.
如果需要，你可以查阅笔记。
③The American society is often referred to as a big melting pot.
美国社会常被称作大熔炉。
[思考] look up和refer to都有“查阅”之意，它们有什么区别？
look up表示“参考，查阅”时，其宾语多为word，information等；而refer to表示“参考，查阅”时，其宾语多为book，dictionary等。
Ⅰ.Listening
(Ⅰ)Listen to the first dialogue just once and choose the best answer.
What does the girl think of spoken English?
A.Interesting. B.Useful.
C.Useless.
答案 B
听力原文：
W：Do you mean to tell me you are not interested in spoken English?
M：That’s right.I think it’s of no use.
W：I can’t agree with you.
(Ⅱ)Listen to the second dialogue twice and choose the best answer.
1.When did Miss King graduate?
A.This year. B.Last Year.
C.Two years ago.
2.Why didn’t Miss King find a job after her graduation?
A.She wanted to have a good rest.
B.She was in poor health at that time.
C.She had to look after her mother.
3.What seems to be the result of the interview?
A.Miss King will get a satisfying job.
B.Miss King will start to work at once.
C.Miss King should come for a second interview.
答案 1.B 2.C 3.A
听力原文：
M：When did you graduate，Miss King?
W：I graduated last year.
M：I see.And what have you been doing ever since then?
W：Staying at home and taking care of my mother，as she was seriously ill.Now she’s much better.I think it’s time for me to get a job.
M：Uh...Are you good at foreign languages?
W：Yes.I can speak English and French，and a little Russian.
M：What kind of job are you looking for?
W：Well，I’d like to have a job where I can use my writing skills.I love working on computers and collecting information.So I’d like to work in an office.
M：OK.I think I have the perfect job for you.
Ⅱ.Listening and speaking
(Ⅰ)Listening—Listen to the third dialogue twice and fill in the blanks.
A：Are you OK，Chuck? You look pale.
B：I’m fine，Katherine.I just stayed up late last night ①working on my Chinese.
A：Oh，poor you.You know what? I found a new way to learn Chinese and it works very well.
B：You did? Do tell me.I’ve spent all these months trying to learn ②something new about it，but I’ve made little progress!
A：Sure.I’m learning Chinese through songs.
B：So you’re learning ③Chinese songs?
A：You can say that.I can actually sing some of them now.
B：That’s a real achievement.How did you do that?
A：I start by listening to the song ④a few times and after several times I am able to follow the singer.
B：It makes sense.
A：It does.I’ve learned some Chinese folk songs this way.They are clearly presented and easy ⑤to follow.
B：Can I join you，Katherine? I do want to have a try.
A：Why not? I downloaded a beautiful song ⑥the other day.We can learn it together now.
B：Great.
(Ⅱ)Speaking—What is the most difficult language to learn in your opinion?
The answer is open.
课件24张PPT。主题语境——人与自我之生活与学习【语境概说】 本单元话题对接新课程标准“生活与学习”之“语言学习的规律、方法等”。单元话题可以使学生了解汉字是中华民族统一的最厚重的文化基石，中华民族的文化自信主要是汉字文化的自信。弘扬中华优秀传统文化，积极地参与世界文化的对话交流。The way to learn a language is to practice speaking it as often as possible.
学习一门语言的方法就是要尽可能经常地练习说。
Knowledge can change your fate and English can accomplish your future.知识改变命运，英语成就未来。
Words have a magical power.They can bring either the greatest happiness or deepest despair.
言辞具有不可思议的力量。他们能带来最大的幸福，也能带来最深的失望。 Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking 1.Translate the following words and phrases.①billion n. ________________
②native adj. ________________________ n. ________________
③attitude n. ________________
④refer vi. ________________ vt. __________________
⑤refer to _________________________ 十亿出生地的；本地的；土著的 本地人态度；看法提到；参考；查阅查询；叫……求助于指的是；描述；提到；查阅2.Brainstorming：Which countries in the world do you know are English-speaking countries? United KingdomUnited StatesCanadaAustraliaNew ZealandIreland3.Fancy yourself a language expert.Answer the following questions.(1)How many languages are there in the world?
________________________________________________________________________
(2)Which language has the most native speakers?
________________________________________________________________________
(3)Which language is most frequently learned as a second language?
________________________________________________________________________ 4.Finish Ex.1 on Page 60.There are around 7，000 living languages in the world today.That would be Mandarin Chinese，which has more than 1.3 billion native speakers.Around the world，the most commonly learned second language is English.Finish Ex.2～Ex.4 on Page 60.1.Speaking—Finish Ex.5 on Page 61 by following the example.A：What language do you want to study?
B：I really want to study French.I think that...
A：Do you want to go to France someday?
B：Yes，...2.Pronunciation—英式英语和美式英语在读音上的区别英式英语和美式英语在读音上的差异主要反映在元音字母a，o和辅音字母r的不同读音上。
(1)在ask，can’t，dance，fast，half，path 这一类的单词中，英国人将字母a读作/a?/，而美国人则读作/?/，所以这些词在美国人口中就成了/?sk/，/k?nt/，/d?ns/，/f?st/，/h?f/和/p?θ/。
(2)在box，crop，hot，spot这一类单词中，英国人将字母o读作/?/，而美国人则将o读作近似/a?/音的/a/。所以这些词美国人读起来就成了/baks/，/krap/，/hat/和/spat/。(3)辅音字母r在单词中是否读音是英式英语与美式英语的又一明显差异。在英式英语的r音节中不含卷舌音/r/，而美式英语的r音节中含卷舌音/r/，如下列词在英式英语和美式英语中读音是不同的： 英式英语读音 美式英语读音
car /ka?/ /kar/
door /d??/ /d?r/
party /'pa?tI/ /'partI/
board /b??d/ /b?rd/ 语言知识积累
Ⅰ.单词1.phrase n. 短语
2.idiom n. 习语，成语
3.pronunciation n. 发音
4.grammar n. 语法
5.practice n. 练习
6.standard n.& adj. 标准(的)
7.knowledge n. 知识，学问Ⅱ.短语1.refer to/consult a dictionary查字典
2.have a command of掌握
3.enlarge one’s vocabulary扩大词汇量
4.take notes记笔记
5.set/take/write/note down写下；记下
6.learn...by heart背诵；记住
7.keep/bear...in mind记住……文化知识习得英语(English)通过英国的殖民活动传播到世界各地。两个世纪前，英国和美国在文化、经济、军事、政治和科学上的领先地位使得英语成为一种国际语言。英语是世界上使用国家最多的官方语言，全世界将英语作为母语的人口排第三位，仅次于汉语和西班牙语。另外，英语也是世界上使用最广泛的第二语言，也是欧盟等国际组织及英联邦国家的官方语言之一。如今，许多国际场合都将英语作为其普遍使用的语言。学习策略形成如何拓展文化知识增加课外阅读，了解文化背景知识。缺乏对英语国家的文化背景、历史知识、风土人情、 宗教信仰、礼仪等方面的了解，会对听力理解产生一定的障碍。举个例子：假如学生不了解感恩节，那么在听关于感恩节的文章时，对感恩节是否固定在每年某一天以及为什么人们要在那一天吃南瓜、火鸡等细节的理解就会产生偏差。 1.native adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的 n.本地人 How many billion people speak the UN’s official languages as their native or second language？(教材P60)
有几十亿人将联合国的官方语言作为他们的母语或第二语言？
[合作探究] 体会native的用法和意义
As a matter of fact，French is not my native language.事实上，法语不是我的母语。
Is her uncle a native of Shanghai，or just a visitor?
她叔叔是上海本地人，还是只是一名游客？
The researcher says the tiger is native to India.研究人员说这种虎原产于印度。 [自主发现]
①________________ 原产于……
②be a native of... 出生于……的人；生长于……的动物或植物
[词块积累]
native country 祖国
native land 故乡
native language 母语be native to[巩固内化] 补全句子
①During their visit to that country，they ____________________________ there happily.
在访问那个国家期间，他们与当地人进行了愉快的交流。
②You can tell from his blue eyes that he ____________________________ China.
你可以从他的蓝眼睛看出他不是中国本土人。communicated with natives isn’t a native of2.attitude n.[C]态度；看法What is the attitude of the speaker towards foreign language learning？(教材P60)
说话人对外语学习的态度是什么？
[合作探究] 体会attitude的用法和意义
As soon as they found out I was a doctor，their whole attitude changed.
他们一听说我是医生，态度就完全改变了。
So as for students like us，we should have a good attitude towards/to failure.
所以，对于像我们一样的学生，我们应该对失败有良好的态度。
Youth is simply an attitude of mind.青春仅仅是心态问题。[自主发现]
①have/take a good/bad attitude ____________... 对……持好的/坏的态度
②an attitude of mind 心态问题
[词块积累]
a positive attitude积极的态度
public attitudes/people’s attitudes公众的/民众的态度 towards/to[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①In contrast，people who have/take a negative attitude ____________ life have buried the ability to see opportunities.
②It is necessary to hold ____________ objective attitude towards ratings.to/towardsan3.refer to 指的是；描述；提到，涉及；查阅Pronouns(it，their，she，etc.) refer to something or somebody mentioned earlier.(教材P60)代词(it，their，she等)指的是前面提到的某物或某人。
[合作探究1] 写出下列句中refer to的含义
①I knew the lady was referring to Bill when she spoke of a bright young man.____________
②She referred to the last page of the book for answers.____________
③These books refer to Asian problems.____________
④Jim insisted that the book Mr Black referred to was worth reading.____________指的是查阅涉及提到[合作探究2] 体会refer to的用法和意义
The scientist referred to the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.
这位科学家将这一发现称作是该领域中最令人兴奋的新进展。
If he gives you any more trouble，refer him to me.
如果他再找你麻烦，叫他来找我。
[自主发现]
⑤________________ 把……当作……；称……为……
⑥refer...to... 把……提交给……(以求获得帮助)refer to...as... [巩固内化] 补全句子
①The person ________________________ just now was an expert in this field.
刚才在会上提到的那个人是这个领域的专家。
②You may ________________________ if necessary.
如果需要，你可以查阅笔记。
③The American society is often ____________________ a big melting pot.
美国社会常被称作大熔炉。
[思考] look up和refer to都有“查阅”之意，它们有什么区别？
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________referred to at the conference refer to your notesreferred to aslook up表示“参考，查阅”时，其宾语多为word，information等；而refer to表示“参考，查阅”时，其宾语多为book，dictionary等。 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking(1)
1.Discussing—It is a fact that more and more foreigners have interest in Chinese language and culture.Why do you think the world is so crazy about Chinese?
·Confucius Institute Program was set up in Korea in 2004；now Confucius Institutes are all around the world.
·The Confucius Institute Program works to convey Chinese language and culture.
答案 Over the past three decades，Chinese economy is booming.The world is watching China and many foreigners have realized the importance of seeking cooperation with Chinese people. Besides，Chinese culture is full of magic and legends. Confucius Institutes provides the place to learn Mandarin.
2.Predicting—Look at the title and the picture and predict what the text is probably about.
The history of the written Chinese.
1.First reading—Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 A.At the beginning，written Chinese was a picture-based language.
Para.2 B.The Chinese writing system has a great effect on the ancient civilization of China.
Para.3 C.The rise of many varieties of Chinese dialects and characters.
Para.4 D.Chinese calligraphy has become an important part of Chinese culture.
Para.5 E.The Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
Para.6 F.More and more people are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language.
答案 Para.1 B Para.2 A Para.3 C Para.4 E Para.5 D Para.6 F
2.Second reading—Choose the best answer according to the text.
(1)What is China widely known for?
A.The many ups and downs in its history.
B.The Chinese writing system.
C.Its modern civilization.
D.Its ancient civilization.
(2)Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.At the beginning，written Chinese was a hanzi-based language.
B.By the Qin Dynasty，these symbols carved by ancient Chinese people had become a well-developed writing system.
C.No matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.
D.By the Shang Dynasty the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
(3)How are an increasing number of international students beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history?
A.Through the amazing Chinese language.
B.By enjoying Chinese paintings.
C.By enjoying Chinese calligraphy.
D.By paying a visit to China.
答案 (1)D (2)C (3)A
3.Third reading—Fill in the blanks according to the text.
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM：
CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
The effect on the ancient (1)civilization of China
Despite the many ups and downs in its (2)history，China is widely known for its ancient civilization.
The period of longgu
Written Chinese was a (3)picture-based language.
The Shang Dynasty
Over the years，the system developed into different (4)forms，as it was a time (5)when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and (6)characters.
The Qin Dynasty
That writing system was of great (7)importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
Today
The high (8)regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form，known as Chinese (9)calligraphy，which has become an important part of Chinese culture.Today，the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese (10)culture.
1.Why do so many countries speak English?
Because Britain was the most powerful empire in the world two or three hundred years ago，with many colonies all over the world.
2.Which language do you like better，Chinese or English？And why?
I like Chinese better. It is the charm of Chinese itself that makes me love it.
3.Group work：The Chinese writing system is one factor that has helped the Chinese language and culture survive.Do you know other factors?
The answer is open.
阅读技巧点拨
如何把握文章大意？
文章是由段落组成的。段落的主题就是段落的中心思想。在理解具体段落的基础上，找出每段的主题句，对其整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。有的文章无明显主题句，主题句隐含在段意之中，这就需要进一步加工概括。观察全文结构，理解文章的“重心”和支撑性细节。
本篇文章结构：总分总结构；文章是以时间顺序组织的。
语言现象感知
Ⅰ.单词理解
体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义
1.There is a door at the base of the tower.n.底部
2.There is a major problem with parking in London.adj.重要的
3.All students must have access to quality education without regard to wealth or class. n.关注
Ⅱ.词块积累
写出下列词块的含义
1.all the way一直；一路上
2.an important means一种重要的方式
3.the classic works经典作品
4.specific information特定信息
5.a form of art一种艺术形式
6.global affairs全球事务
7.ups and downs浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
8.written Chinese书面汉语
Ⅲ.句式欣赏
1.why引导定语从句
There are many reasons why this has been possible，but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
2.where引导定语从句
Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
3. “of＋名词”结构，相当于同根形容词。
That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
4.no matter where引导让步状语从句
Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.
A
Some people don’t know whether to learn American English or British English.Here is my answer to it.
It’s really，really hard to pick up a native-sounding accent if you learn English as an adult.Children pick up accents very quickly，but adults don’t.Even after speaking English every day for twenty or thirty years，you’ll probably keep a bit of a foreign accent.I’ve met many English learners who’ve lived abroad for several years in an English-speaking country.For the most part，I can’t tell what country they’ve lived in unless they tell me.
Since it’s so hard to learn an accent，you probably shouldn’t spend a lot of time trying to guide yours to one accent or the other.There are better ways to use your time，like learning new vocabulary or phrases.
Even if you are able to get an American or British accent，it won’t make much difference.That’s because English speakers are used to hearing different accents.Americans hear British accents on TV and movies.And we all hear accents from other countries：Russian accents，Korean accents，French accents，and so on.Usually，British people like the way that Americans sound，and Americans like the way that British people sound.So you’re OK either way.
So just pick whatever language is most convenient for you.If you have friends or teachers from America，you should probably learn American English.If you have British friends or coworkers，maybe it’s better to learn British English.
It’s probably easiest to stick with(保持) just one kind.However，there’s nothing wrong with mixing a bit of British and American English together.It won’t hurt you!
【语篇解读】 本文是议论文，主要告诉我们是该学习英式英语还是美式英语。
1.The author mentions English learners in Paragraph 2 to show .
A.it’s hard to speak like native speakers
B.the author isn’t good at telling accents
C.people don’t like speaking with an accent
D.people like to live abroad to learn a language
答案 A [目的意图题。根据第二段的“It’s really，really hard to pick up a native-sounding accent if you learn English as an adult.”可知，作者提到这些学英语的人是想表明：掌握地道的口音很难。]
2.What does the author think English learners should do?
A.Choose a special country to live in.
B.Make use of time to learn new words.
C.Tell the differences between accents.
D.Learn British accents through movies.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据第三段的“There are better ways to use your time，like learning new vocabulary or phrases.”可知，作者认为学英语的人应该好好利用时间多学一些新词汇。]
3.Paragraph 4 mainly shows that .
A.there are many accents in the world
B.which accent to learn isn’t that important
C.American and British accents aren’t very different
D.Americans and British people understand each other
答案 B [段落大意题。第四段的“Even if you are able to get an American or British accent，it won’t make much difference.”为这一段的主旨句，后面都是围绕这个展开的。因此，该段主要说明学习哪种口音并没有那么重要。]
4.The author thinks mixing some British and American English together is .
A.okay B.necessary
C.wrong D.dangerous
答案 A [细节理解题。根据最后一段的“However，there’s nothing wrong with mixing a bit of British and American English together.”可知，在作者看来，混合一点英音和美音是可以接受的。]
B
That woman carried a new blanket(毛毯) over her arm.Wordlessly，she gave it to me.
“Is it finished？” I asked.
She shook her head.“No.It is ready，” she replied.I handed her the money and took the blanket.
“It is beautiful，so skillfully woven(编织)，” I said to my mother.“But what did she mean when she said it was not finished? How can it be ready if it is not finished？”
“I will tell you later，” my mother said，“but first I will take you to the Navajo village.”
We went down to the village.A group of young men were making sand pictures.We walked through the whole village，watching the different things the people were doing.
It was not until that evening that my mother finally explained the Navajo woman’s words.
“Did you notice anything about the things the people were making？” my mother asked.
“What should I have noticed？” I looked at her and asked.
“Each thing the Navajo make has one small part that is not complete.The designs(设计) in their sand pictures are often not perfectly done，for example—the line of a circle may not quite close.If you look carefully at your blanket，you will probably find a stitch(一针) missing.”
I took the blanket off，but it looked as perfect as any design could be.Then suddenly，I noticed that sure enough a stitch was missing!
“But why do the Navajo intentionally leave some tiny part unfinished？” I asked.
“They believe that when anything is completed or finished，it means the end has come—it will not be perfect until then.Then too，with a circle，they believe that they must leave a pathway for the bad spirits to run away and the good spirits to come in.So，often，they do not make the line close.”
【语篇解读】 本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己购买的一条毛毯向我们介绍了纳瓦霍人奇特的文化。
5.The blanket the author received .
A.was poorly woven
B.made her think a lot
C.cost her a lot of money
D.was finished，but not ready
答案 B [细节理解题。由第四段中作者所说的“How can it be ready if it is not finished？”可知，既然还没有完工，怎么能说好了呢？这让作者思绪万千，故选B项。]
6.Why was the author shown around the village?
A.To buy more things made by the Navajo.
B.To make friends with some of the Navajo.
C.To have a deeper understanding of the Navajo.
D.To look for the woman who sold her the blanket.
答案 C [细节理解题。由第六段中的“We walked...watching the different things the people were doing.”和第八段中的“Did you notice...the people were making？”可知，作者的母亲带她到村子里转一转是为了让她对纳瓦霍人有更深的了解，故选C项。]
7.Which of the following may the Navajo believe?
A.A stitch in time is very important.
B.Life only becomes perfect when you die.
C.He who makes no mistake is a perfect man.
D.You must always try to make your life complete.
答案 B [推理判断题。由最后一段中的“They believe that when anything is completed or finished，it means the end has come—it will not be perfect until then.”可知，纳瓦霍人会认为人只有死亡之后其人生才会变得完美，故选B项。]
8.What’s the main idea of the text?
A.The Navajo are good at making things.
B.The Navajo are brave and hard-working.
C.A blanket tells a lot about the Navajo culture.
D.Skills are needed to do business with the Navajo.
答案 C [主旨大意题。作者通过讲述自己购买的一条毛毯向我们介绍了纳瓦霍人奇特的文化，故选C项。]
课件14张PPT。Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking(1)1.Discussing—It is a fact that more and more foreigners have interest in Chinese language and culture.Why do you think the world is so crazy about Chinese?·Confucius Institute Program was set up in Korea in 2004；now Confucius Institutes are all around the world.
·The Confucius Institute Program works to convey Chinese language and culture.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________2.Predicting—Look at the title and the picture and predict what the text is probably about.
________________________________________________________________________ Over the past three decades，Chinese economy is booming.The world is watching China and many foreigners have realized the importance of seeking cooperation with Chinese people. Besides，Chinese culture is full of magic and legends. Confucius Institutes provides the place to learn Mandarin. The history of the written Chinese.1.First reading—Match the main idea with each paragraph.Para.1 A.At the beginning，written Chinese was a picture-based language.
Para.2 B.The Chinese writing system has a great effect on the ancient civilization of China.
Para.3 C.The rise of many varieties of Chinese dialects and characters.
Para.4 D.Chinese calligraphy has become an important part of Chinese culture.
Para.5 E.The Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.
Para.6 F.More and more people are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language. 答案 Para.1 B Para.2 A Para.3 C Para.4 E Para.5 D Para.6 F2.Second reading—Choose the best answer according to the text.(1)What is China widely known for?
A.The many ups and downs in its history. B.The Chinese writing system.
C.Its modern civilization. D.Its ancient civilization.
(2)Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.At the beginning，written Chinese was a hanzi-based language.
B.By the Qin Dynasty，these symbols carved by ancient Chinese people had become a well-developed writing system.
C.No matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.
D.By the Shang Dynasty the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.(3)How are an increasing number of international students beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history?
A.Through the amazing Chinese language.
B.By enjoying Chinese paintings.
C.By enjoying Chinese calligraphy.
D.By paying a visit to China.答案 (1)D (2)C (3)A3.Third reading—Fill in the blanks according to the text.
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM：
CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENTcivilizationhistory picture-based formswhencharacters importanceregardcalligraphyculture1.Why do so many countries speak English?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2.Which language do you like better，Chinese or English？And why?
________________________________________________________________________
3.Group work：The Chinese writing system is one factor that has helped the Chinese language and culture survive.Do you know other factors?
________________________________________________________________________ Because Britain was the most powerful empire in the world two or three hundred years ago，with many colonies all over the world. I like Chinese better. It is the charm of Chinese itself that makes me love it.The answer is open.阅读技巧点拨如何把握文章大意？文章是由段落组成的。段落的主题就是段落的中心思想。在理解具体段落的基础上，找出每段的主题句，对其整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。有的文章无明显主题句，主题句隐含在段意之中，这就需要进一步加工概括。观察全文结构，理解文章的“重心”和支撑性细节。
本篇文章结构：总分总结构；文章是以时间顺序组织的。 语言现象感知
Ⅰ.单词理解体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义
1.There is a door at the base of the tower.____________
2.There is a major problem with parking in London.____________
3.All students must have access to quality education without regard to wealth or class. ____________n.底部adj.重要的 n.关注Ⅱ.词块积累写出下列词块的含义
1.all the way____________
2.an important means____________
3.the classic works____________
4.specific information____________
5.a form of art____________
6.global affairs____________
7.ups and downs____________
8.written Chinese____________一直；一路上 一种重要的方式经典作品特定信息一种艺术形式全球事务浮沉；兴衰；荣辱 书面汉语 Ⅲ.句式欣赏1.why引导定语从句
There are many reasons why this has been possible，but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
2.where引导定语从句
Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. 3. “of＋名词”结构，相当于同根形容词。
That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
4.no matter where引导让步状语从句
Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing. Section Ⅲ Reading and Thinking(2)
Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式
1.There were calls for major(主要的) changes to the system.
2.Let love be around me；let civilization(文明) follow you.
3.As time goes by，I have changed my attitude(态度) and I even think she is lovely.
4.After three years of study，she has a good command of the dialect(方言) here.
5.What is the specific(确切的) aim since you are working so hard?
6.There are two mainly different political parties to play an important part in the state affairs(affair) in this country.
7.This is an old building dating(date) back to the 14th century.
8.They joined us in the discussion on how to stop global(globe) warming.
9.Beijing is filled with people from varieties(variety) of parts of China.
10.It helps children to develop an appreciation(appreciate) of poetry and literature.
Ⅱ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
1.Our life has its ups and downs(兴衰) and we need someone to ride with us.
2.She could not speak，but she made her wishes known by means of(依靠) signs.
3.As everyone knows，she plays an important role in(在……中起重要作用) our organization.
4.He decided that he would drive all the way(一路上) home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night.
5.We visited a temple which dates back to(追溯到) 2，000 years ago.
记单词
Ⅰ.语境串记多义词
1.He described the character of the character he played with two Chinese characters.
他用了两个汉字来描述他所扮演的角色的性格。
2.In that regard，the purposes of the two might be regarded differently and more so after this news.
在这点上，两者的目的可能要区别对待，在这则新闻公布后更是如此。
Ⅱ.构词法助记派生词
1.形容词后缀：-al，-able
globe(n.)→global
accept(vt.)→acceptable
comfort(n.)→comfortable
2.名词后缀：-ion，-ity
appreciate(vt.)→appreciation
major(adj.)→majority
Ⅲ.句式语境仿写
1.By the Shang Dynasty(around 1600-1046 BCE)，these symbols had become a well-developed writing system.到了商朝(大约公元前1600-前1046年)，这些符号已经成为一个成熟的书写体系。
[仿写] 到上周末我们已收到1 000多条短信。
By the end of last week，we had received over 1，000 text messages.
2.Over the years，the system developed into different forms，as it was a time when people were divided geographically，leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.多年来，由于中国人在地理上的分裂，它(书写体系)发展成不同的形式，方言和文字的多样性也随之产生。
[仿写] 那场大火持续了近一周，没有剩下什么值钱的东西。
The fire lasted nearly a week，leaving nothing valuable.
3.That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.这一书写体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义。
[仿写] 做早操对你的健康有利。
Doing morning exercises will be of benefit to your health.
4.Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.即使在今天，无论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
[仿写] 无论他说什么，不要相信他。
Don’t trust him，no matter what/whatever he says.
句型公式
1.“by＋时间”短语组成的介词短语表示“到……时为止”，在句中作时间状语，句子的谓语动词常用完成时态。
2.现在分词短语作结果状语。
3.“of＋名词”结构，相当于同根形容词。
4.no matter＋where/when/how/what/who/which引导让步状语从句。
Understanding in context
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM：
CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times，despite the many ups and downs in its history.There are many reasons why this has been possible，but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
At the beginning，written Chinese was a picture-based language.It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today’s hanzi.
[文化视窗]
甲骨文，是汉字的早期形式，是现存中国王朝时期最古老的一种成熟文字。甲骨文发现于中国河南省安阳市殷墟，是商朝(约公元前17世纪-公元前11世纪)的文化产物，距今有3 600多年的历史。
1.base vt.以……为据点；以……为基础 n.底部；根据 basic adj.基本的；基础的
[合作探究] 体会base的用法和意义
One should always base his opinion on facts.
一个人应该始终以事实为依据发表自己的观点。
In my diary，I set down a series of things that are all based on/upon facts.
在我的日记里，我记下了一系列有事实根据的事情。
The base of his argument is that people love each other.
他的论点的基础是人类的互爱。
[自主发现]
①base...on... 以……为……的基础
②be based on/upon 以……为基础/依据
[词块积累]
production base 生产基地
air base 空军基地
a research base 科研基地
[巩固内化] 翻译句子
①I never noticed the letters at the base of the pyramid.
我从来没有注意到在金字塔基底的字母。
②医患关系是以信任为基础的。
The doctor-patient relationship is based on trust.
2.date back (to)＝date from 追溯到；始于
[合作探究] 体会date短语的用法和意义
①My interest in stamp collecting dates back to my schooldays.
我从学生时代就开始爱好集邮。
②According to the expert，the temple has a history dating from the early Tang Dynasty.
据专家说这座寺庙的历史可追溯到初唐时期。
[自主发现] date back to和date from一般不用于进行时态，在句中作定语时，常用现在分词形式。
[短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
out of date 过时，陈旧
up to date 最新的，最近的
to date 到目前为止
③Your ID card is out of date；change it for a new one，please.
你的身份证过期了，请换新的。
[巩固内化]
(1)单句语法填空
①It is said that the history of the town dates(date) back to 1，400 years ago.
②In this remote village stands an ancient temple dating from hundreds of years ago.
(2)补全句子
③All the photographs in this book date back to/from the 1950s.
本书中所有照片均始于20世纪50年代。
④The material is so up to date that it hasn’t been widely used to date.
这一材料是最新的，到现在为止还没有得到广泛应用。
Understanding in context
By the Shang Dynasty (around 1600-1046 BCE)，these symbols had become a well-developed writing system.Over the years，the system developed into different forms，as it was a time when people were divided geographically，leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.This，however，changed under Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty (221-207 BCE).
Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.
[文化视窗]
秦始皇(前259年—前210年)出生于赵国都城邯郸，十三岁继承王位，三十九岁称皇帝，在位三十七年；中国历史上著名的政治家、战略家、改革家。公元前221年，他建立了首个多民族的中央集权国家，是首位完成华夏大一统的铁腕政治人物，也是古今中外第一个称皇帝的封建王朝君主。
3.variety n.(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化；多变(性) various adj.不同的；各种各样的vary vt.& vi.改变；变化
[合作探究] 体会variety及其相关词的用法和意义
There are a variety of theme parks in the world，where you can have fun.
世界上有各种各样的主题公园，在那里你可以玩得愉快。
For various reasons，she refused to accept the job.
由于种种原因，她拒绝接受这份工作。
Our country varies widely in tradition from one area to another.
我们国家各地风俗习惯迥然不同。
[自主发现]
①a variety of＝varieties of 各种各样的；不同种类的
②vary from...to... 在……到……之间变化
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①The author gave various(vary) reasons for having written the book.
②We have varieties(variety) of flowers in our garden.
③Teaching methods vary greatly from school to school.
[思考] 表示“多种多样的”短语还有哪些？
kinds of，sorts of等。
4.major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n.主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究 majority n.多数；大半minority n.少数；少数民族
[合作探究] 体会major及其相关词的用法和意义
①Do you know what the major cause of the strike is?
你知道这次罢工的主要原因是什么吗？
②She is a history major.That is to say，her major is history.
她是历史专业的学生。换言之，她的主修科目是历史。
③Mary is majoring in French at Stanford.
玛丽正在斯坦福主修法语。
④Women are in the majority in the company; men are in the minority.
在这家公司，女性占大多数，男性占少数。
[自主发现]
⑤major in 主修
⑥in the majority 占大多数
[巩固内化]
(1)单句语法填空
①She majored in English in Beijing University many years ago.
②The majority(major) were graduates from this school.
(2)补全句子
③The majority of people attending the lecture are students and girls are in the majority.
出席讲座的大多数人是学生，而且女生占多数。
5.That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
这一书写体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义。
【句式解读】 of great importance属于“of＋名词”结构，相当于very important。
【用法总结】 “of＋名词”结构中，名词是use/importance/help/value/interest/quality/benefit/necessity等时，相当于其名词所对应的形容词，这类名词前可用no，some，any，little，much，great等词修饰。
①What you are saying is of no interest(＝not interesting) to me.
你说的话让我提不起兴趣。
②His opinion is considered to be of great value(＝very valuable).
大家一致认为他的观点很有价值。
[巩固内化]
(1)补全句子
①The way that he had thought of to deal with the problem was of great value.
他想出来的处理这个问题的方法很有价值。
(2)同义句转换
②This medicine is of no use.
→This medicine is useless.
③What he said at the meeting was of great value.
→What he said at the meeting was very valuable.
6.Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.即使在今天，无论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
【句式解读】 no matter where “无论何地”，在句中引导让步状语从句。
【用法总结】
(1)no matter where，who，what，etc.不论……；不管……，引导让步状语从句。
①No matter where I am，I will always remember I am a Chinese.
不管我身在何方，我都会记住自己是个中国人。
(2)“no matter＋疑问词”结构与“疑问词＋-ever” 在用法上的异同：
·“no matter＋疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，这时可以和“疑问词＋-ever”互换。
·“疑问词＋-ever”可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。
·whenever，wherever，however等只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。
②You have to go on no matter what(＝whatever) difficulties you meet.
无论遇到什么困难，你都必须继续做下去。
③Whoever(＝No matter who) you are，you must obey the law.
不论是谁，都要遵纪守法。
④Whatever is worth doing should be done well.
值得做的事就应该做好。
[巩固内化] 同义句转换
①No matter what problem you have，turn to me.
→Whatever problem you have，turn to me.
②However long it takes，we’ll have to find the job.
→No matter how long it takes，we’ll have to find the job.
③Anyone who wants the book may have it.
→Whoever wants the book may have it.
④You should not give children whatever they want.
→You should not give children anything that they want.
Understanding in context
Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past.People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times.The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form，known as Chinese calligraphy，which has become an important part of Chinese culture.
Today，the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture.As China plays a greater role in global affairs，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language.
[文化视窗]
中国书法
中国书法是以汉字为基础的文化艺术，是记录汉语的书写符号，在历史发展进程中经历了字形、结体、笔画的演变，逐渐具有了特殊的审美意义，并且造就了中国书法造型多变、种类繁多、颇具特色、美不胜收的艺术发展史。2009年，联合国教科文组织将中国的汉字书法列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。
7.means n.方式；方法； 途径
[合作探究] 体会means的用法和意义
In addition，we have more choices by means of “wild release”.
此外，通过自由分享我们有更多的选择。
By no means is he satisfied with the job at present.
他目前对这项工作一点也不满意。
Every possible means has been tried，but none has worked.
→All possible means have been tried，but none has worked.
各种可能的办法都尝试了，但没有一种奏效。
We can save much time by this means.
通过这种方法，我们可以节省大量时间。
[自主发现]
①by means of 通过；用；借助于
②by this means 用这种方法
③by no means 绝不；无论如何也不(放在句首时，句子用部分倒装)
[名师提醒]
(1)means作主语且有every，each等表示单数意义的词对其进行修饰时，谓语动词用单数。
(2)means作主语且有all，several，many，few等表示复数意义的词对其进行修饰时，谓语动词用复数。
[巩固内化] 选词填空
(by means of/by this means/by no means)
①By this means he turned our attention to what was good in the life.
②It is by no means certain that we’ll finish the project by June.
③She tried to explain by means of sign language.
[思考] means是单复数同形的名词。常见的单复数同形的名词还有哪些？
series(系列)，works(作品；工厂)等。
8.regard n.尊重；关注 vt.把……视为；看待 regarding prep.关于，至于
[合作探究] 体会regard的用法和意义
We have high regard for the advanced workers.
我们非常尊敬先进工作者。
With/In regard to the disease，we can do nothing.
关于这种疾病，我们无能为力。
He is regarded as a good example to us all.他被看作是我们所有人的好榜样。
[自主发现]
①regard...as 把……认为是
②have high/low regard for... 尊重/不尊重……
③in/with regard to 关于……，至于……
[巩固内化] 补全句子
①Potter is very selfish；he has no regard for anyone else.
波特太自私了，他不尊重任何人。
②The novel is regarded as one of the greatest classic works.
这部小说被认为是最伟大的古典作品之一。
9.character n.文字，符号；角色；品质；特点
[合作探究] 体会character的用法和意义
If I take care of my character，my reputation will take care of itself.
注意好品行，自有美名声。
His words are entirely in character with his actions.他言行完全一致。
Hard working conditions build (up)character.
艰苦的工作条件能磨炼人的性格。
[自主发现]
①in character 适合；相称
②out of character 不符合某人的性格；不适合，不相称
③build (up)character 磨炼个性
[巩固内化]
写出下列句中character的汉语意思
①As to his character，he is usually easy-going，but sometimes very serious.品质
②It is very difficult for foreigners to write Chinese characters.文字
③I find all the characters in the film very interesting.角色
10.appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值 appreciation n.欣赏；感激
[合作探究] 体会appreciate的用法和意义
Many people can’t fully appreciate the importance of regular exercise.
许多人没有充分认识到定期锻炼的重要性。
I would appreciate it if you could give me some advice on how to solve these problems.如果您能给我一些关于如何解决这些问题的建议，我将不胜感激。
I appreciate being given the chance to work in your company two years ago.
我感谢两年前你给我机会在你公司工作。
[自主发现]
①appreciate (one’s) doing sth 感激(某人)做某事
②I would appreciate it if... 要是……我将不胜感激。
[名师提醒] appreciate后接动名词而不可用不定式作宾语，且不能以“人”作宾语。
[巩固内化]
(1)单句语法填空
①I would appreciate it if you could help me with it.
②Here I sincerely express my appreciation(appreciate) if you could help find the lost suitcase.
(2)翻译句子
③如果你能让我们了解真相，我们将十分感激。
We would appreciate it if you let us know the truth.
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
China is 1.widely(wide) known for its ancient civilisation.There are many reasons 2.why this has been possible，but one of the main factors has been the Chinese 3.writing(write) system.
4.At the beginning，written Chinese was a picture-based language.By the Shang Dynasty，these symbols 5.had become(become) a well-developed writing system.By the Qin Dynasty，the Chinese writing system began to develop 6.in one direction.The writing system was of great 7.importance(important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
By written Chinese China’s present is 8.connected(connect) with its past.Today，the Chinese writing system 9.is(be) still an important part of Chinese culture.And more and more people are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this 10.amazing(amaze) language.
Ⅱ.根据提示完成课堂小作文
尽管(despite)我付出了许多，但我的英语仍然不好，这使我很伤心。一天，我去找我们英语老师问我的主要(major)问题是什么。他告诉我目前尽可能经常地使用英语很重要(of importance)。此外，他告诉我要充分利用(make good use of)每一个机会用英语同他人交流，不论(no matter)他们是谁。最后他说，任何方法(means)都建立在努力的基础上(be based on)。因为我的努力，我的英语成绩有了很大的提高，在此我向我的英语老师表示感谢(appreciation)。
Despite all my efforts，I was still poor in English，which made me upset.One day，I came to our English teacher and asked him what my major problem was.He told me that it was of great importance to try to use it as frequently as possible at present.Besides，he told me that I should make good use of every chance to communicate in English with others，no matter who they were.In the end，he said that any means is based on hard work.Because of my hard work，my English has improved a lot.Here I sincerely express my appreciation to my English teacher.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.We’ve got a good system(制度) for dealing with complaints from customers.
2.No one will carve(雕刻) your future other than you.
3.Despite(尽管) her good salary，she measured out every dollar needed for household expenses.
4.Practising Chinese kung fu can not only build up one’s strength，but also develop one’s character(性格).
5.The main factor(因素) in deciding whether or not to do so is the size of your project.
6.Mandela has become a symbol(象征) of the blacks fighting against the whites in South Africa.
7.The novel was written in northern dialect(方言).
8.Could you be more specific(具体的) about what you’re looking for?
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.
2.I’d appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
3.This is why I want to major in Chinese culture.
4.As we know，koala is native to Australia.
5.I have a high regard for him as a coach; he is very strict in his job.
6.Why is she so concerned about his attitude to/towards her work?
Ⅲ.补全句子
1.I would appreciate it if you paid in cash.
假如你支付现金的话， 我会不胜感激。
2.The issue is not a new one.It dates back to the 1930s at least.
这杂志不是新的，至少可以追溯到20世纪30年代。
3.Besides，watching Chinese movies and TV series will also be of great help.
除此之外，看中文电影和电视剧也将很有帮助。
4.No matter how ordinary a job is，it plays a part in society.
一份工作无论多么普通，它都在我们的社会中起着一份作用。
5.By the time this letter reaches you，I will have left the country.
你收到这封信时，我已离开这个国家了。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
These people are studying English.However，they are now facing some problems.
I am Pablo.I work 50 hours a week as a taxi driver，so I talk to people all day.They understand me，but I know I make a lot of mistakes.No one corrects me.My vocabulary is strong.Grammar is my problem.I’m trying to change little by little.For example，I don’t use the past tense (时态).I always say，“I drive him to the office this morning” instead of “I drove him to the office this morning”.
My name is Maria Luisa.I’m teaching myself English，and I’m good at grammar.However，it’s really difficult to find ways to practice English.I live in an area where everyone speaks my language.My neighbors and friends speak Spanish.I speak Spanish in the supermarket and at the post office.
I am Li Ping.I understand the grammar and the readings in my class and I think my writing is good，but I’m very nervous when I speak English.I don’t want to make any mistakes because I’m afraid people will think that I’m stupid.Also，my pronunciation isn’t good.When I speak，people often say，“What? Say that again”.
I am Yoshi.I have been in the United States for one year.I’m studying hard and I know grammar well，but the vocabulary is very difficult.When I listen，I don’t understand many of the words.When I try to read，there are three or four new words in every sentence.I feel discouraged.
【语篇解读】 本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了几位英语学习者遇到的一些问题。
1.Who may say，“I go to bed late last night”？
A.Pablo. B.Maria Luisa.
C.Li Ping. D.Yoshi.
答案 A [推理判断题。由文中的“I don’t use the past tense.”及其后的例子可知，有可能是Pablo所说，故选A项。]
2.What would be the best advice for Maria Luisa?
A.Try to have a wide vocabulary.
B.Develop a good knowledge of grammar.
C.Read as many English books as possible.
D.Make friends with English-speaking people.
答案 D [推理判断题。由第二段内容可知Maria Luisa没有讲英语的环境，所以最好的建议应该是和讲英语的人交朋友，故选D项。]
3.Why do people find it hard to understand Li Ping’s English?
A.She can’t pronounce words in English correctly.
B.She speaks at a very fast speed.
C.Her grammar is terrible.
D.Her voice is very low.
答案 A [细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“my pronunciation isn’t good.When I speak，people often say，‘What? Say that again.’”可知，A项正确。]
4.What can we learn about Yoshi?
A.He was born in the United States.
B.He has a very small vocabulary.
C.He has learned English for years.
D.He is very good at listening.
答案 B [细节理解题。由最后一段中的“...the vocabulary is very difficult.When I listen，...new words in every sentence.”可知，Yoshi的英文词汇贫乏，故选B项。]
Ⅴ.完形填空
When I was a young boy，my favorite thing was a toy gun.Sometimes I would shoot bullets(发射子弹) for practice.One day，I walked into the 1 with my gun.I 2 a John Wayne movie where he preferred shooting the gun with one hand.As I was 3 what he did，I heard a pop.I hadn’t 4 the bullets when I practiced shooting the day before.I watched 5 as the bullet parted the hair of my dad who was 6 on the sofa.One and a half inches lower，it would have shot him in the 7 .My dad woke up and saw what happened.He 8 took my toy gun，walked out and broke it on the stone.I wouldn’t have another toy gun for a long time after that and when I did，I 9 to put bullets in it.
What 10 me most，though，was seeing the anger in my dad’s eyes.I hid in my room for the rest of the day not 11 to face him.I 12 that he didn’t love me any longer.At dinner time he walked into the room and put his hand on my head.“It’s 13 ，Joey，” he said.“I forgive(原谅) you.Now come and 14 .” I felt so 15 at that moment.I felt loved once again.
In the years that followed，I 16 my dad more than once.I was a 17 learner and suffered a lot.I cried and struggled(挣扎)， 18 I always felt loved.No matter how badly I did，my father loved me and never 19 .He was always 20 me to become better and kinder.
【语篇解读】 本文是夹叙夹议文。作者小时候有一次用玩具枪差点误伤了爸爸，爸爸原谅了他，还是一如既往地爱他。后来，作者经常会让爸爸失望，但爸爸从来也不怪他，这份父爱一直伴随着作者成长。
1.A.classroom B.house
C.store D.theatre
答案 B [根据下文on the sofa和woke up可知，作者拿着玩具枪走进屋里。]
2.A.expected B.chose
C.remembered D.showed
答案 C [由下文a John Wayne movie where he preferred shooting the gun with one hand可知，作者想起了一位电影人物，他喜欢一只手拿着枪射击。]
3.A.copying B.imagining
C.asking D.watching
答案 A [根据下文I heard a pop可知，作者模仿John Wayne的动作，用一只手射击。]
4.A.added B.cleaned
C.bought D.prepared
答案 B [根据下文作者差点儿误伤爸爸可知，作者前一天练习射击，没有把枪里面的子弹清空。]
5.A.sadly B.interestedly
C.excitedly D.nervously
答案 D [根据下文One and a half inches lower，it would have shot him可知，看着子弹射到爸爸的头发上，作者紧张不安。]
6.A.sleeping B.working
C.laughing D.reading
答案 A [由下文My dad woke up可知，爸爸在睡觉。]
7.A.back B.leg
C.head D.arm
答案 C [由上文parted the hair of my dad可知，再往下一点，就射到爸爸的头上了。]
8.A.secretly B.angrily
C.calmly D.simply
答案 B [根据下文broke it on the stone可知，爸爸生气地夺过作者的枪，走出去，然后砸碎了。]
9.A.hoped B.failed
C.forgot D.refused
答案 D [根据前后语境可知，因为差点闯祸，所以作者以后再也不往枪里装子弹了。]
10.A.troubled B.disappointed
C.moved D.surprised
答案 A [根据下文was seeing the anger in my dad’s eyes可知，让作者烦恼的是爸爸很生气。]
11.A.needing B.caring
C.daring D.agreeing
答案 C [根据上文hid in my room可知，作者藏在自己的屋子里不敢出去见爸爸。]
12.A.heard B.feared
C.accepted D.meant
答案 B [由下文he didn’t love me any longer可知，作者害怕爸爸不再爱他。]
13.A.easy B.bad
C.late D.OK
答案 D [根据下文I forgive you可知，爸爸安慰作者说没事。]
14.A.eat B.rest
C.practice D.see
答案 A [根据上文At dinner time可知，当时正是晚饭时间，所以爸爸叫作者一起吃饭。]
15.A.strong B.happy
C.hungry D.safe
答案 B [由下文I felt loved once again可知，作者听到爸爸的话很高兴。]
16.A.thanked B.avoided
C.ignored D.upset
答案 D [由下文suffered a lot.I cried and struggled可知，作者好多次都让爸爸不高兴。]
17.A.slow B.lucky
C.careful D.strict
答案 A [根据下文suffered a lot可知，作者学东西很慢。]
18.A.or B.and
C.but D.so
答案 C [该空前后内容存在转折关系，作者虽然痛哭过，挣扎过，但是一直感受到爸爸的关爱。]
19.A.hurried up B.caught up
C.warmed up D.gave up
答案 D [由上文my father loved me可知，不管作者表现多糟，爸爸都爱着作者，而且从不放弃。]
20.A.advising B.ordering
C.helping D.allowing
答案 C [根据上文No matter how badly I did，my father loved me and never 19 .可知，爸爸一直帮助作者，使作者变得更加优秀、更加友善。]
课件40张PPT。Section Ⅲ Reading and Thinking(2)Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式 1.There were calls for ____________(主要的) changes to the system.
2.Let love be around me；let ____________(文明) follow you.
3.As time goes by，I have changed my ____________(态度) and I even think she is lovely.
4.After three years of study，she has a good command of the ____________(方言) here. majorcivilization attitudedialect5.What is the ____________(确切的) aim since you are working so hard?
6.There are two mainly different political parties to play an important part in the state ____________(affair) in this country.
7.This is an old building ____________(date) back to the 14th century.
8.They joined us in the discussion on how to stop ____________(globe) warming.
9.Beijing is filled with people from ____________(variety) of parts of China.
10.It helps children to develop an ____________(appreciate) of poetry and literature.specificaffairsdatingglobalvarietiesappreciation Ⅱ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语1.Our life has its _____________________(兴衰) and we need someone to ride with us.
2.She could not speak，but she made her wishes known _______________________(依靠) signs.
3.As everyone knows，she ___________________________(在……中起重要作用) our organization.
4.He decided that he would drive ________________(一路上) home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night.
5.We visited a temple which ________________(追溯到) 2，000 years ago. ups and downs by means ofplays an important role in all the waydates back toⅠ.语境串记多义词1.He described the character of the character he played with two Chinese characters.
他用了两个汉字来描述他所扮演的角色的性格。
2.In that regard，the purposes of the two might be regarded differently and more so after this news.
在这点上，两者的目的可能要区别对待，在这则新闻公布后更是如此。 记单词Ⅱ.构词法助记派生词1.形容词后缀：-al，-able
globe(n.)→global
accept(vt.)→acceptable
comfort(n.)→comfortable
2.名词后缀：-ion，-ity
appreciate(vt.)→appreciation
major(adj.)→majority Ⅲ.句式语境仿写1.By the Shang Dynasty(around 1600-1046 BCE)，these symbols had become a well-developed writing system.到了商朝(大约公元前1600-前1046年)，这些符号已经成为一个成熟的书写体系。
[仿写] 到上周末我们已收到1 000多条短信。
By the end of last week，we ________________ over 1，000 text messages.
2.Over the years，the system developed into different forms，as it was a time when people were divided geographically，leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
多年来，由于中国人在地理上的分裂，它(书写体系)发展成不同的形式，方言和文字的多样性也随之产生。
[仿写] 那场大火持续了近一周，没有剩下什么值钱的东西。
The fire lasted nearly a week，______________________________________. had receivedleaving nothing valuable 3.That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.这一书写体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义。
[仿写] 做早操对你的健康有利。
Doing morning exercises will _________________________________________ to your health.
4.Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.即使在今天，无论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
[仿写] 无论他说什么，不要相信他。
Don’t trust him，____________________________________________________. be of benefitno matter what/whatever he says 句型公式1.“by＋时间”短语组成的介词短语表示“到……时为止”，在句中作时间状语，句子的谓语动词常用完成时态。
2.现在分词短语作结果状语。
3.“of＋名词”结构，相当于同根形容词。
4.no matter＋where/when/how/what/who/which引导让步状语从句。Understanding in context
THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM：CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times，despite the many ups and downs in its history.There are many reasons why this has been possible，but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
At the beginning，written Chinese was a picture-based language.It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today’s hanzi. [文化视窗]甲骨文，是汉字的早期形式，是现存中国王朝时期最古老的一种成熟文字。甲骨文发现于中国河南省安阳市殷墟，是商朝(约公元前17世纪—公元前11世纪)的文化产物，距今有3 600多年的历史。1.base vt.以……为据点；以……为基础 n.底部；根据 basic adj.基本的；基础的[合作探究] 体会base的用法和意义
One should always base his opinion on facts.
一个人应该始终以事实为依据发表自己的观点。
In my diary，I set down a series of things that are all based on/upon facts.
在我的日记里，我记下了一系列有事实根据的事情。
The base of his argument is that people love each other.
他的论点的基础是人类的互爱。[自主发现]
①base...on... 以……为……的基础
②________________ 以……为基础/依据
[词块积累]
production base 生产基地
air base 空军基地
a research base 科研基地be based on/upon[巩固内化] 翻译句子
①I never noticed the letters at the base of the pyramid.
________________________________________________________________________
②医患关系是以信任为基础的。
________________________________________________________________________我从来没有注意到在金字塔基底的字母。 The doctor-patient relationship is based on trust. 2.date back (to)＝date from 追溯到；始于[合作探究] 体会date短语的用法和意义
①My interest in stamp collecting dates back to my schooldays.
我从学生时代就开始爱好集邮。
②According to the expert，the temple has a history dating from the early Tang Dynasty.
据专家说这座寺庙的历史可追溯到初唐时期。
[自主发现] date back to和date from一般不用于进行时态，在句中作定语时，常用____________形式。现在分词 [短语记牢] 记牢下列短语
out of date 过时，陈旧
up to date 最新的，最近的
to date 到目前为止
③Your ID card is out of date；change it for a new one，please.
你的身份证过期了，请换新的。[巩固内化]
(1)单句语法填空
①It is said that the history of the town ____________(date) back to 1，400 years ago.
②In this remote village stands an ancient temple dating ____________ hundreds of years ago.
(2)补全句子
③All the photographs in this book ____________________ the 1950s.
本书中所有照片均始于20世纪50年代。
④The material is so ________________ that it hasn’t been widely used ________________.
这一材料是最新的，到现在为止还没有得到广泛应用。 datesfromdate back to/from up to dateto date Understanding in contextBy the Shang Dynasty (around 1600-1046 BCE)，these symbols had become a well-developed writing system.Over the years，the system developed into different forms，as it was a time when people were divided geographically，leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.This，however，changed under Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty (221-207 BCE).
Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.[文化视窗]秦始皇(前259年—前210年)出生于赵国都城邯郸，十三岁继承王位，三十九岁称皇帝，在位三十七年；中国历史上著名的政治家、战略家、改革家。公元前221年，他建立了首个多民族的中央集权国家，是首位完成华夏大一统的铁腕政治人物，也是古今中外第一个称皇帝的封建王朝君主。3.variety n.(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化；多变(性) various adj.不同的；各种各样的 vary vt.& vi.改变；变化[合作探究] 体会variety及其相关词的用法和意义
There are a variety of theme parks in the world，where you can have fun.
世界上有各种各样的主题公园，在那里你可以玩得愉快。
For various reasons，she refused to accept the job.
由于种种原因，她拒绝接受这份工作。
Our country varies widely in tradition from one area to another.
我们国家各地风俗习惯迥然不同。[自主发现]
①a variety of＝varieties of 各种各样的；不同种类的
②________________ 在……到……之间变化
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①The author gave ____________(vary) reasons for having written the book.
②We have ____________(variety) of flowers in our garden.
③Teaching methods vary greatly ____________ school to school.
[思考] 表示“多种多样的”短语还有哪些？
________________________________________________________________________vary from...to...variousvarietiesfromkinds of，sorts of等。 4.major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n.主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究 majority n.多数；大半 minority n.少数；少数民族[合作探究] 体会major及其相关词的用法和意义
①Do you know what the major cause of the strike is?
你知道这次罢工的____________原因是什么吗？
②She is a history major.That is to say，her major is history.
她是历史____________。换言之，她的____________是历史。
③Mary is majoring in French at Stanford.
玛丽正在斯坦福____________法语。
④Women are in the majority in the company; men are in the minority.
在这家公司，女性____________，男性占少数。主要专业的学生主修科目主修占大多数[自主发现]
⑤major ____________ 主修
⑥____________ the majority 占大多数
[巩固内化]
(1)单句语法填空
①She majored ____________ English in Beijing University many years ago.
②The ____________(major) were graduates from this school.
(2)补全句子
③____________________ attending the lecture are students and girls are ________________.
出席讲座的大多数人是学生，而且女生占多数。 inininmajorityThe majority of people in the majority 5.That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.这一书写体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义。
【句式解读】 of great importance属于“of＋名词”结构，相当于very important。
【用法总结】 “of＋名词”结构中，名词是use/importance/help/value/ interest/quality/benefit/necessity等时，相当于其名词所对应的形容词，这类名词前可用no，some，any，little，much，great等词修饰。
①What you are saying is of no interest(＝not interesting) to me.
你说的话让我提不起兴趣。
②His opinion is considered to be of great value(＝very valuable).
大家一致认为他的观点很有价值。[巩固内化]
(1)补全句子
①The way that he had thought of to deal with the problem ____________________.
他想出来的处理这个问题的方法很有价值。
(2)同义句转换
②This medicine is of no use.
→This medicine is ____________.
③What he said at the meeting was of great value.
→What he said at the meeting was ________________.was of great value uselessvery valuable6.Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.即使在今天，无论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。【句式解读】 no matter where “无论何地”，在句中引导让步状语从句。
【用法总结】
(1)no matter where，who，what，etc.不论……；不管……，引导让步状语从句。
①No matter where I am，I will always remember I am a Chinese.
不管我身在何方，我都会记住自己是个中国人。
(2)“no matter＋疑问词”结构与“疑问词＋-ever” 在用法上的异同：
·“no matter＋疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，这时可以和“疑问词＋-ever”互换。·“疑问词＋-ever”可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。
·whenever，wherever，however等只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。
②You have to go on no matter what(＝whatever) difficulties you meet.
无论遇到什么困难，你都必须继续做下去。
③Whoever(＝No matter who) you are，you must obey the law.
不论是谁，都要遵纪守法。
④Whatever is worth doing should be done well.值得做的事就应该做好。[巩固内化] 同义句转换
①No matter what problem you have，turn to me.
→______________________________________________________，turn to me.
②However long it takes，we’ll have to find the job.
→__________________________________________ it takes，we’ll have to find the job.
③Anyone who wants the book may have it.
→_______________________________________________ the book may have it.
④You should not give children whatever they want.
→You should not give children _________________________________ they want. Whatever problem you have No matter how longWhoever wantsanything thatUnderstanding in contextWritten Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past.People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times.The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form，known as Chinese calligraphy，which has become an important part of Chinese culture.
Today，the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture.As China plays a greater role in global affairs，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language. [文化视窗]
中国书法中国书法是以汉字为基础的文化艺术，是记录汉语的书写符号，在历史发展进程中经历了字形、结体、笔画的演变，逐渐具有了特殊的审美意义，并且造就了中国书法造型多变、种类繁多、颇具特色、美不胜收的艺术发展史。2009年，联合国教科文组织将中国的汉字书法列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。7.means n.方式；方法； 途径[合作探究] 体会means的用法和意义
In addition，we have more choices by means of “wild release”.
此外，通过自由分享我们有更多的选择。
By no means is he satisfied with the job at present.他目前对这项工作一点也不满意。
Every possible means has been tried，but none has worked.
→All possible means have been tried，but none has worked.
各种可能的办法都尝试了，但没有一种奏效。
We can save much time by this means.通过这种方法，我们可以节省大量时间。[自主发现]
①________________ 通过；用；借助于
②by this means 用这种方法
③________________ 绝不；无论如何也不(放在句首时，句子用部分倒装)
[名师提醒]
(1)means作主语且有every，each等表示单数意义的词对其进行修饰时，谓语动词用单数。
(2)means作主语且有all，several，many，few等表示复数意义的词对其进行修饰时，谓语动词用复数。by means ofby no means[巩固内化] 选词填空
(by means of/by this means/by no means)
①________________ he turned our attention to what was good in the life.
②It is ________________ certain that we’ll finish the project by June.
③She tried to explain ________________ sign language.
[思考] means是单复数同形的名词。常见的单复数同形的名词还有哪些？
________________________________________________________________________By this means by no meansby means ofseries(系列)，works(作品；工厂)等。 8.regard n.尊重；关注 vt.把……视为；看待 regarding prep.关于，至于 [合作探究] 体会regard的用法和意义
We have high regard for the advanced workers.我们非常尊敬先进工作者。
With/In regard to the disease，we can do nothing.关于这种疾病，我们无能为力。
He is regarded as a good example to us all.他被看作是我们所有人的好榜样。
[自主发现]
①________________ 把……认为是
②_______________________ 尊重/不尊重……
③________________ 关于……，至于…… regard...ashave high/low regard for...in/with regard to[巩固内化] 补全句子
①Potter is very selfish；he ____________________ anyone else.
波特太自私了，他不尊重任何人。
②The novel _________________________________________ one of the greatest classic works.
这部小说被认为是最伟大的古典作品之一。has no regard foris regarded as9.character n.文字，符号；角色；品质；特点[合作探究] 体会character的用法和意义
If I take care of my character，my reputation will take care of itself.
注意好品行，自有美名声。
His words are entirely in character with his actions.他言行完全一致。
Hard working conditions build (up)character.艰苦的工作条件能磨炼人的性格。
[自主发现]
①________________ 适合；相称
②out of character 不符合某人的性格；不适合，不相称
③________________ 磨炼个性in characterbuild (up)character[巩固内化]
写出下列句中character的汉语意思
①As to his character，he is usually easy-going，but sometimes very serious. ____________
②It is very difficult for foreigners to write Chinese characters.____________
③I find all the characters in the film very interesting.____________ 品质文字角色10.appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值 appreciation n.欣赏；感激 [合作探究] 体会appreciate的用法和意义
Many people can’t fully appreciate the importance of regular exercise.
许多人没有充分认识到定期锻炼的重要性。
I would appreciate it if you could give me some advice on how to solve these problems.如果您能给我一些关于如何解决这些问题的建议，我将不胜感激。
I appreciate being given the chance to work in your company two years ago.
我感谢两年前你给我机会在你公司工作。[自主发现]
①appreciate (one’s) doing sth 感激(某人)做某事
②_____________________ 要是……我将不胜感激。
[名师提醒] appreciate后接动名词而不可用不定式作宾语，且不能以“人”作宾语。 I would appreciate it if... [巩固内化]
(1)单句语法填空
①I would appreciate ____________ if you could help me with it.
②Here I sincerely express my ____________(appreciate) if you could help find the lost suitcase.
(2)翻译句子
③如果你能让我们了解真相，我们将十分感激。
________________________________________________________________________itappreciationWe would appreciate it if you let us know the truth. Section Ⅳ Discovering Useful Structures——限制性定语从句(2)
一、关系副词引导的定语从句
1.when引导定语从句
[合作探究]
I will never forget the day when I first saw you.
→I will never forget the day on which I first saw you.
我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。
[自主发现1] when引导定语从句时，从句的先行词为表示时间的名词，when在从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词in/at/on/during...＋which”结构。
2.where引导定语从句
[合作探究]
After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child.
→After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town in which he grew up as a child.在巴黎生活了50年后，他回到了儿时成长的那个小镇。
The accident has reached to the point where both their parents are to be called in.事情发展到如此地步，不得不请双方家长来一趟了。
[自主发现2]
(1)where引导定语从句时，从句的先行词为表示地点的名词，where在从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词in/at...＋which”结构。
(2)关系副词where表示“地点的模糊化”。当先行词表示某人/物的situation，或某事发展的stage，或表达某事的某个方面时都可用关系副词where。常见的先行词还有point，case，position，condition等。
3.why引导定语从句
[合作探究]
Unsuccessful people can always find reasons why they’re not doing well.
→Unsuccessful people can always find reasons for which they’re not doing well.不成功的人总能找到自己表现不好的理由。
[自主发现3] why引导定语从句时，从句的先行词通常是reason，why在从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词for＋which”结构。
[名师提醒] 表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语时，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，则应用关系代词。
I don’t believe the reason(that/which) he gave me for his being late.
我不相信他给出的迟到的理由。
[巩固内化1]
(1)用适当的关系词填空
①This is the place where we held a party last week.
②Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?
③I don’t know the reason why he didn’t turn to his good friend for help yesterday.
④I won’t listen to the reason that/which you have given us.
⑤This is the place that/which we visited last year.
⑥Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?
(2)同义句转换
⑦I’ll never forget the day when I joined the party.
→I’ll never forget the day on which I joined the party.
⑧The reason for which he refused the invitation is not clear.
→The reason why he refused the invitation is not clear.
⑨The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
→The house in which I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
二、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词＋whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词＋which”；关系代词有时也用whose(作定语)。
[合作探究]
Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.
昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因其而出名。(be famous for“因……而出名”)
This is the camera with which he often takes photos.
这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。(with the camera“用照相机”)
The boss in whose company Mr King worked heard about the accident.
金先生所工作的公司的老板听到了这起事故。(in the boss’ company “在老板的公司”)
The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.(without the colorless gas “没有这种无色气体”)
这种无色的、离了它我们就无法生存的气体是氧气。
[自主发现4] 选用介词的依据
(1)根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。
(2)根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)。
(3)根据句子的意思来选择。
[巩固内化2]
用“介词＋关系代词”填空
①This is the man with whom I just shook hands.
②None of us know the reason for which Tom was absent.
③Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?
④There is a big window through which I can see the railway station.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.I will never forget the days that/which we spent together.
2.I will never forget the days when we stayed together.
3.The reason that/which he explained at the meeting was not sound.
4.The reason why he was late was that he missed his train.
5.Keep the book in a place where you can find it easily.
6.This is the house which/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago.
7.The days when they travelled together meant a lot to him.
8.Nobody knows the reason why she didn’t go to the party.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1.I think the reason why you are always angry may be the high pressure of study.
我认为你总是发脾气的原因可能是学习上的巨大压力。
2.The day when/on which his father returned from abroad is the happiest day in the boy’s life.
父亲从国外回来的那一天是这个男孩一生中最幸福的一天。
3.I don’t know the reason why he refused the well-paid job.
我不知道他为什么拒绝了这份高薪的工作。
4.They have come to an important stage where they must decide.
已经到了他们必须做出决定的重要阶段。
5.The house which was destroyed in the terrible fire has been repaired.
那间在大火中被毁坏的屋子已经被修好了。
Ⅲ.用适当的关系词补全短文
Children are always happy on the day 1.when summer vacation begins.They think about the plans 2.that/which they have for the summer.Some children go to a-day camp 3.which/that is near their home.At the end of the day，they can go home.Other kids choose to go to a camp in the country 4.where they are instructed by camp counselors.These counselors are often college students 5.who/that are trying to earn a little extra money during their summer vacation.Some kids go to specialized(专业的) camps.There they can improve a particular skill or learn a new hobby 6.which/that they are interested in.This is the reason 7.why specialized camps are popular with both parents and kids.There are some kids 8.whose parents take them on a trip in a car.They often visit state and national parks.
课件11张PPT。Section Ⅳ Discovering Useful Structures——限制性定语从句(2)一、关系副词引导的定语从句
1.when引导定语从句[合作探究]
I will never forget the day when I first saw you.
→I will never forget the day on which I first saw you.
我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。
[自主发现1] when引导定语从句时，从句的先行词为表示____________的名词，when在从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词in/at/on/during...＋which”结构。时间2.where引导定语从句[合作探究]
After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town where he grew up as a child.
→After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town in which he grew up as a child.在巴黎生活了50年后，他回到了儿时成长的那个小镇。
The accident has reached to the point where both their parents are to be called in.
事情发展到如此地步，不得不请双方家长来一趟了。[自主发现2]
(1)where引导定语从句时，从句的先行词为表示地点的名词，where在从句中作____________状语，相当于“________________”结构。
(2)关系副词where表示“地点的模糊化”。当先行词表示某人/物的situation，或某事发展的stage，或表达某事的某个方面时都可用关系副词where。常见的先行词还有point，case，position，condition等。 地点介词in/at...＋which 3.why引导定语从句[合作探究]
Unsuccessful people can always find reasons why they’re not doing well.
→Unsuccessful people can always find reasons for which they’re not doing well.
不成功的人总能找到自己表现不好的理由。
[自主发现3] why引导定语从句时，从句的先行词通常是reason，why在从句中作____________状语，相当于“________________”结构。
[名师提醒] 表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语时，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，则应用关系代词。
I don’t believe the reason(that/which) he gave me for his being late.
我不相信他给出的迟到的理由。原因介词for＋which[巩固内化1]
(1)用适当的关系词填空
①This is the place ____________ we held a party last week.
②Do you remember the days ____________ we spent together on the farm?
③I don’t know the reason ____________ he didn’t turn to his good friend for help yesterday.
④I won’t listen to the reason ____________ you have given us.
⑤This is the place ____________ we visited last year.
⑥Do you remember the days ____________ we chatted with each other all night?wherethat/whichwhythat/whichthat/whichwhen(2)同义句转换
⑦I’ll never forget the day when I joined the party.
→I’ll never forget the day ________________ I joined the party.
⑧The reason for which he refused the invitation is not clear.
→The reason ____________ he refused the invitation is not clear.
⑨The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
→The house ____________ I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.on whichwhyin which二、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词＋whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词＋which”；关系代词有时也用whose(作定语)。
[合作探究]
Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.
昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因其而出名。(be famous for“因……而出名”)
This is the camera with which he often takes photos.
这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。(with the camera“用照相机”)The boss in whose company Mr King worked heard about the accident.
金先生所工作的公司的老板听到了这起事故。(in the boss’ company “在老板的公司”)
The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.(without the colorless gas “没有这种无色气体”)
这种无色的、离了它我们就无法生存的气体是氧气。
[自主发现4] 选用介词的依据
(1)根据定语从句中____________的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。
(2)根据____________的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)。
(3)根据句子的意思来选择。谓语动词先行词[巩固内化2]
用“介词＋关系代词”填空
①This is the man ________________ I just shook hands.
②None of us know the reason ________________ Tom was absent.
③Do you remember the day ________________ you joined our club?
④There is a big window ________________ I can see the railway station.with whomfor whichon whichthrough whichSection Ⅴ Listening and Talking
1.Translate the following words and phrases.
①semester n. 学期
②gas n. 汽油；气体；燃气
③petrol n. 汽油
④subway(underground) n. 地铁
⑤apartment n. 公寓套房
⑥be familiar with 熟悉；通晓
2.Brainstorming：Do you know the differences between British English and American English?
Challenge your memory
Chinese
Br.E
Am.E
公寓
flat
apartment
汽油
petrol
gas
地铁
underground
subway
糖果
sweet
candy
电梯
lift
elevator
比赛
match
game
厕所
toilet
restroom
学期
term
semester
Finish Ex.1 & Ex.2 on Page 65.
Talking—Finish Ex.4 & Ex.5 on Page 65.
语言知识积累
American English VS British English
There are two major Englishes in the world，that is，British English spoken in Britain and American English spoken in America.Generally speaking，they are more or less the same，so they can communicate with each other without too much difficulty.However，the differences between each other do exist.They are different in vocabulary，pronunciation and spelling，etc.
相关句式习得
1.Don’t you like to have somebody tell you how to do it?
你不喜欢有人告诉你怎样做吗？
2.That’s American English，isn’t it?
这就是美式英语，对吗？
1.convenient adj.方便的，便利的 convenience n.方便，便利
It’s very convenient to get there by subway.(教材P133)
坐地铁到那里很方便。
[合作探究] 体会convenient的用法和意义
I can start to work whenever it is convenient for you.
只要你们方便，我随时都可以开始工作。
Many people choose distant learning for its convenience and speed.
很多人选择远程学习是因为其方便和快捷。
He was asked to make an appointment at his earliest convenience.
他被要求方便时尽早安排一次约会。
[自主发现]
①if/when it is convenient to/for sb 如果某人方便的话/当某人方便时
②It is convenient for sb to do sth 某人方便做某事
③for convenience 为方便起见
④at one’s convenience 在某人方便的时候
[名师提醒] convenient常用作定语和表语，用作表语时，不能用表示人的词作主语，但可以用it作形式主语，常用“It is convenient for sb to do sth”句式。
[巩固内化]
完成语段
It’s a great convenience to live here.At my convenience，I can visit some of my favorite museums.It is convenient for my son to go to school，for his school is only two blocks away.If Sunday is convenient to/for you, be sure to come to get together.
住在这里真方便。我可以抽空去参观我所钟爱的几家博物馆。我儿子上学也很方便，因为距学校只有两个街区的距离。要是你周日有空，一定要来聚一聚。
2.struggle n.&vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗
When I started studying German, it was a struggle. (教材P64)
当我开始学习德语时，这可是一件难事。
[合作探究] 体会struggle的用法和意义
His life was a hard struggle with sickness.他一生都在跟疾病作斗争。
She is struggling to bring up a family on a very low income.
她靠着非常微薄的收入艰难地供养一家人。
The firefighters struggled against/with the fire for several hours and finally brought the fire under control.
一连几个小时消防队员奋力灭火，最后终于控制住了火势。
Millions of people are struggling for peace.千千万万的人在为和平作斗争。
Though he was badly injured，he struggled to his feet.
虽然他伤得很重，但他挣扎着站了起来。
[自主发现]
①struggle to do sth 努力做某事；挣扎着做某事
②struggle for... 为……而斗争
③struggle against/with... 与……作斗争
④struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
[巩固内化] 完成语段
Farmers always have to struggle for a living.They often struggle against/with the bad weather for a better harvest.Some of them even have to leave their hometown and go to work in cities，struggling to increase their income.
农民一直都得为了生存而努力，他们经常与恶劣的天气作斗争来争取有个好点的收成，他们中的一些人甚至不得不离开家乡到大城市打工，努力增加他们的收入。
3.mean vt.意指；意味着；意思是；打算；意欲
Hey，wait，do you mean trousers—what you and I are wearing on our legs right now？(教材P65)喂，等等，你是说裤子吗？你和我现在腿上穿的这个吗？
[合作探究] 体会mean的用法和意义
①The red light means ‘Stop’. 红灯表示“停”。
②I’m terribly sorry, but I didn’t mean to upset your plan.
真对不起，但我并非有意打乱你的计划。
③Bob is determined to get a ticket for the concert even though it means standing in line all night for the ticket.
鲍勃决心要买到音乐会的票，即使那意味着整夜站着排队。
[自主发现]
④mean to do sth 打算做某事
⑤mean doing sth 意味着做某事
[词块积累]
mean no harm并不想伤害
I mean我的意思是(用于解释或举例)
[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①I’ve been meaning to ask(ask) you if you want to come for a meal next week.
②Missing the first bus means waiting(wait) for another hour.
4.beg(begged，begged，begging) vt.恳求；祈求；哀求；乞讨；行乞
I beg your pardon.(教材P65)请再说一遍。
[合作探究] 体会beg的用法和意义
She was living alone，begging food from neighbours.
她一个人生活，从邻居那儿讨些吃的。
The children begged to come with us.孩子们央求着要和我们一起来。
I begged Helen to stay，but she wouldn’t listen.
我恳求海伦留下来，可她就是不听。
She ran to the nearest house and begged for help.
她跑到最近的一户人家那里恳求帮助。
[自主发现]
①beg to do sth 恳求/祈求做某事
②beg sb to do sth 恳求某人做某事
③beg (sb) for sth 恳求(某人)某物
④beg sth from sb 向某人恳求/乞讨某物
[词块积累]
I beg of you求求你了
[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/补全句子
①I was surrounded by people begging for food.
②She begged me to say(say) nothing to his father.
③We saw children begging (beg)on the streets.
④I managed to beg a lift from a passing motorist.
我设法求得一位开车路过的人让我搭车。
5.It was exercise for the brain；the more I learnt of a language，the more my brain would grow.(教材P64)
这是对大脑的锻炼；我对一门语言的了解越多，我的大脑就越发达。
【句式解读】 “the＋比较级(...)，the＋比较级(...)”结构，该结构意为“越……，就越……”，表示后者随着前者的变化而变化。
①The more you read，the more you’ll learn.你读得越多，学到的就越多。
②The more a person reads，the wiser he will become.
一个人书读得越多就会变得越明智。
③The sooner，the better.越快越好。
[名师提醒]
(1)“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”句式中，第一个“the＋比较级”是表示条件的状语从句，在表示将来意义的情况下，从句用一般现在时表示将来。
(2)当句意明确时，此句型结构常以省略形式出现。
[巩固内化]
(1)补全句子
①The more we know about the foreign dishes，the better we will understand the foreign culture.
我们对外国菜了解得越多，越能更好地了解外国文化。
②The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you’ll make.
你越细心，你犯的错误就越少。
(2)同义句转换
③If you devote more time to practicing your spoken English，it will become more fluent.
→The more time you devote to practicing your spoken English，the more fluent it will become.
课件21张PPT。Section Ⅴ Listening and Talking1.Translate the following words and phrases.①semester n. ________________
②gas n. ________________
③petrol n. ________________
④subway (underground) n. ________________
⑤apartment n. ________________
⑥be familiar with ________________ 学期汽油；气体；燃气汽油地铁公寓套房熟悉；通晓2.Brainstorming：Do you know the differences between British English and American English?Challenge your memoryflatapartmentpetrolgasundergroundsubwaysweetcandyliftelevatormatchgametoiletrestroomtermsemesterFinish Ex.1 & Ex.2 on Page 65.Talking—Finish Ex.4 & Ex.5 on Page 65.语言知识积累American English VS British English
There are two major Englishes in the world，that is，British English spoken in Britain and American English spoken in America.Generally speaking，they are more or less the same，so they can communicate with each other without too much difficulty.However，the differences between each other do exist.They are different in vocabulary，pronunciation and spelling，etc.相关句式习得1.Don’t you like to have somebody tell you how to do it?
你不喜欢有人告诉你怎样做吗？
2.That’s American English，isn’t it?
这就是美式英语，对吗？ 1.convenient adj.方便的，便利的 convenience n.方便，便利It’s very convenient to get there by subway.(教材P133)
坐地铁到那里很方便。
[合作探究] 体会convenient的用法和意义
I can start to work whenever it is convenient for you.
只要你们方便，我随时都可以开始工作。
Many people choose distant learning for its convenience and speed.
很多人选择远程学习是因为其方便和快捷。He was asked to make an appointment at his earliest convenience.
他被要求方便时尽早安排一次约会。
[自主发现]
①if/when it is convenient to/for sb 如果某人方便的话/当某人方便时
②____________________ to do sth 某人方便做某事
③________________ 为方便起见
④at one’s convenience 在某人方便的时候
[名师提醒] convenient常用作定语和表语，用作表语时，不能用表示人的词作主语，但可以用it作形式主语，常用“It is convenient for sb to do sth”句式。 It is convenient for sb for convenience[巩固内化] 完成语段
It’s a great ____________ to live here.________________，I can visit some of my favorite museums._______________________ to go to school，for his school is only two blocks away.If Sunday ________________ you, be sure to come to get together.
住在这里真方便。我可以抽空去参观我所钟爱的几家博物馆。我儿子上学也很方便，因为距学校只有两个街区的距离。要是你周日有空，一定要来聚一聚。 convenienceAt my convenienceIt is convenient for my son is convenient to/for2.struggle n.&vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗 When I started studying German, it was a struggle. (教材P64)
当我开始学习德语时，这可是一件难事。
[合作探究] 体会struggle的用法和意义
His life was a hard struggle with sickness.他一生都在跟疾病作斗争。
She is struggling to bring up a family on a very low income.
她靠着非常微薄的收入艰难地供养一家人。
The firefighters struggled against/with the fire for several hours and finally brought the fire under control.
一连几个小时消防队员奋力灭火，最后终于控制住了火势。Millions of people are struggling for peace.
千千万万的人在为和平作斗争。
Though he was badly injured，he struggled to his feet.
虽然他伤得很重，但他挣扎着站了起来。
[自主发现]
①struggle ____________ sth 努力做某事；挣扎着做某事
②struggle for... 为……而斗争
③struggle ____________... 与……作斗争
④_________________ 挣扎着站起来 to doagainst/withstruggle to one’s feet[巩固内化] 完成语段
Farmers always have to ________________ a living.They often ________________ the bad weather ____________ a better harvest.Some of them even have to leave their hometown and go to work in cities，________________ increase their income.
农民一直都得为了生存而努力，他们经常与恶劣的天气作斗争来争取有个好点的收成，他们中的一些人甚至不得不离开家乡到大城市打工，努力增加他们的收入。struggle for struggle against/with forstruggling to3.mean vt.意指；意味着；意思是；打算；意欲Hey，wait，do you mean trousers—what you and I are wearing on our legs right now？(教材P65)喂，等等，你是说裤子吗？你和我现在腿上穿的这个吗？
[合作探究] 体会mean的用法和意义
①The red light means ‘Stop’. 红灯____________“停”。
②I’m terribly sorry, but I didn’t mean to upset your plan.
真对不起，但我并非____________打乱你的计划。
③Bob is determined to get a ticket for the concert even though it means standing in line all night for the ticket.
鲍勃决心要买到音乐会的票，即使那____________整夜站着排队。表示有意意味着[自主发现]
④mean ____________ sth 打算做某事
⑤mean ____________ sth 意味着做某事
[词块积累]
mean no harm并不想伤害
I mean我的意思是(用于解释或举例)[巩固内化] 单句语法填空
①I’ve been meaning ____________(ask) you if you want to come for a meal next week.
②Missing the first bus means ____________(wait) for another hour.to dodoingto askwaiting4.beg(begged，begged，begging) vt.恳求；祈求；哀求；乞讨；行乞I beg your pardon.(教材P65)请再说一遍。
[合作探究] 体会beg的用法和意义
She was living alone，begging food from neighbours.
她一个人生活，从邻居那儿讨些吃的。
The children begged to come with us.孩子们央求着要和我们一起来。
I begged Helen to stay，but she wouldn’t listen.
我恳求海伦留下来，可她就是不听。
She ran to the nearest house and begged for help.
她跑到最近的一户人家那里恳求帮助。[自主发现]
①beg to do sth 恳求/祈求做某事
②beg sb ____________ sth 恳求某人做某事
③beg (sb) ____________ sth 恳求(某人)某物
④beg sth ____________ sb 向某人恳求/乞讨某物
[词块积累]
I beg of you求求你了to doforfrom[巩固内化]
单句语法填空/补全句子
①I was surrounded by people begging ____________ food.
②She begged me ____________(say) nothing to his father.
③We saw children ____________ (beg)on the streets.
④I managed ________________________ a passing motorist.
我设法求得一位开车路过的人让我搭车。 forto saybeggingto beg a lift from 5.It was exercise for the brain；the more I learnt of a language，the more my brain would grow.(教材P64)这是对大脑的锻炼；我对一门语言的了解越多，我的大脑就越发达。
【句式解读】 “the＋比较级(...)，the＋比较级(...)”结构，该结构意为“越……，就越……”，表示后者随着前者的变化而变化。
①The more you read，the more you’ll learn.你读得越多，学到的就越多。
②The more a person reads，the wiser he will become.
一个人书读得越多就会变得越明智。
③The sooner，the better.越快越好。[名师提醒]
(1)“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”句式中，第一个“the＋比较级”是表示条件的状语从句，在表示将来意义的情况下，从句用一般现在时表示将来。
(2)当句意明确时，此句型结构常以省略形式出现。 [巩固内化]
(1)补全句子
①________________ we know about the foreign dishes，________________ we will understand the foreign culture.
我们对外国菜了解得越多，越能更好地了解外国文化。
②The more careful you are，______________________________________________.
你越细心，你犯的错误就越少。
(2)同义句转换
③If you devote more time to practicing your spoken English，it will become more fluent.
→________________ you devote to practicing your spoken English，_______________ it will become. The morethe betterthe fewer mistakes you’ll make The more timethe more fluentSection Ⅵ The Rest Parts of the Unit (P66～70)
Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式
1.They are busy now in preparation for the new semester(学期).
2.Where is the nearest subway(地铁) entrance?
3.Our new apartment(公寓) is comfortable to live in.
4.We are running out of petrol/gas(汽油).We must find a gas station before it runs out.
5.The scenery was so beautiful that it was almost beyond description(describe).
6.She demanded to see(see) the headmaster immediately to settle the problem.
7.Anyone，whether he is an official or a bus driver，should be equally(equal) respected.
8.I would like to give my opinion in relation(relate) to this problem.
9.Do you mind telling(tell) me how to use this fun_ction?
10.Going(go) abroad for further education is an exciting experience for me.
Ⅱ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
1.To write a good news report，you have to make sure your information relates to(与……有关) something that has recently happened.
2.The girl used to(过去常常) be shy，but she is gradually getting active in group work.
3.It is difficult to get used to(习惯于) another country’s customs.
4.You may depend on(相信) what he says，for he is a person who always keeps his word.
5.Susan sat on a chair close to(靠近) the window.
记单词
Ⅰ.语境串记相近词
1.We’d better first fill the car up with petrol at the gas station.
我们最好先到加油站去给汽车加满汽油。
2.For Americans，equality refers to equal worth and equal opportunity.
对美国人来说，平等是指价值的均等和机会的均等。
3.A good job description should describe exactly what the person should do and set standards so that performance can be measured.
一份好的职位描述应该准确地描述该职位的人应该做什么，并且制订标准以便衡量(职工的)表现。
Ⅱ.构词法助记派生词
名词后缀：-ity，-tion
equal(adj.)→equality
describe(v.)→description
Ⅲ.句式语境仿写
1.It was exercise for the brain；the more I learnt of a language，the more my brain would grow.这是对大脑的锻炼；我对一门语言的了解越多，我的大脑就越发达。
[仿写] 你越努力工作，你取得的进步就会越大。
The harder you work，the greater progress you will make.
2.I used to get high marks in English，but now I’m having a lot of trouble with my listening.我以前英语成绩很好，但是现在我的听力有很多麻烦。
[仿写] 无论何时你学英语有困难，都可以向老师寻求帮助。
You could turn to the teachers whenever you have trouble in learning English.
3.My biggest headache is how to be polite in English.
我最头疼的是如何用英语表示礼貌。
[仿写] 他告诉我下一步做什么还没有讨论。
He told me what to do next hadn’t been discussed.
句型公式
1.“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”表示“越……，就越……”。
2.sb have trouble(in) doing/with sth“某人做某事有困难”。
3.“疑问词＋不定式”结构作表语、主语或宾语。
1.equal n.同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的；胜任的 vt.比得上；敌得过 equally adv.相等地，相同地
...our relationship is close and we’re equals，so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us.(教材P66)……我们的关系很亲密，我们是平等的，因此我只需说几个字，就能消除我们之间的距离。
[合作探究] 体会equal的用法和意义
As far as I know，he is quite equal to the job.
据我所知，他完全有能力胜任这项工作。
Health is not equal to everything，but lose health，lose all.
健康不等于一切，但失去健康却等于失去了一切。
None of us can equal her，either in beauty or as a dancer.
不管是美貌还是在舞艺上我们都比不上她。
His paintings are without equal in the Western world.
他的画在西方世界首屈一指。
[自主发现]
①be equal to 等于；相当于
②be equal to sth/doing sth 胜任做某事；能应付某事
③A equals B in sth A在某方面比得上B
④without equal 无与伦比
[巩固内化]
(1)单句语法填空
①She is very weak and not equal to making (make)a long journey.
②Actually，the three columns are equally (equal)attractive to us students.
③Nobody can equal him in intelligence.
(2)补全句子
④No one equals him in maths，about which everyone knows.
在数学方面没有人比得上他，这一点大家都清楚。
⑤Anyone will be equal to the job，as long as he is careful.
只要细心，任何人都能胜任这项工作。
2.demand n.要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问
But if I’m talking to someone who isn’t very close to me，I must make my request longer—and I must make it a question，not a demand.(教材P66)
但是，如果我和一个不是很亲近的人交谈，我必须把我的请求说的长一些——我必须确保这是请求，而不是一个要求。
[合作探究] 体会demand的用法和意义
Soft drinks are much in demand in this hot weather.
这么热的天气，软饮料的需求量很大。
The manager promised that they would try to meet their customers’ demands.
经理许诺他们会尽力满足顾客的需求。
He demanded that I (should) tell him everything I knew.
＝He demanded of me to tell him everything I knew.
他要求我告诉他我所知道的。
[自主发现]
①in demand 非常需要；急需
②meet/satisfy one’s demands 满足……需要
③demand (of sb) to do sth 要求(某人)做某事
④demand that...(should)do sth 要求……做某事(从句用虚拟语气)
[名师提醒]
(1)demand后跟宾语从句时，要用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”；
(2)demand不能用于demand sb to do sth结构；“向某人要某物”不能用demand sb sth结构，要用demand sth of/from sb结构。
[巩固内化]
(1)同义句转换
①He demanded to be told everything at any time.
→He demanded that he (should) be told everything at any time.
(2)一句多译
②这位老师要求学生们准时到校。
→The teacher demanded that the students (should)go to school on time. (demand that...)
→The teacher demanded of the students to go to school on time. (demand of sb to do sth)
[思考] 请写出除demand之外，后接宾语从句时常用虚拟语气的动词。
advise，suggest，desire，command，urge，order，require，prefer等。
3.relate vt.联系；讲述 related adj.相关的；有(亲属)关系的 relation n.关系
Does each sentence relate to the main idea? (教材P67)
每句话都与主旨有关吗？
[合作探究] 体会relate及其相关词的用法和意义
Your works must relate to/be related to our school life.
你的作品一定要与我们的学校生活有关。
Don’t relate me to Kate；she is a bright girl.
不要把我和凯特联系起来，她是一个聪明的女孩。
The position calls for related experience in the field and being skilled at using computers.这个岗位要求有该领域相关的经验并能熟练使用电脑。
He related the facts of the case to journalists.
他给记者讲述了这件事的实际情况。
[自主发现]
①relate to... 和……相关；涉及；谈到
②relate...to... 把……和……联系在一起
③relate sth to sb 向某人叙述/讲述某事
④be related to 和……有关；和……有联系
[巩固内化]
(1)单句语法填空
①I have a lot to say in relation(relate) to that affair.
②Education levels are strongly related to income.
(2)补全句子
③Can you relate what happened in your childhood to your present state of mind?
你能否把你童年时的经历同目前的心境联系起来？
④The cost relates directly to the amount of time spent on the project.这个项目的成本与所费时间有直接关系。
4.I used to get high marks in English，but now I’m having a lot of trouble with my listening.(教材P66)
我以前英语成绩很好，但是现在我的听力有很多麻烦。
【句式解读】 have trouble with sth意为“在某方面有麻烦/困难”。
【用法总结】
(1)have trouble/difficulty with sth 在……方面有麻烦；做某事有困难
(2)have trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth 做某事有麻烦/困难
①I am having some trouble with my classmates at the moment.
目前，我和同学们(相处)有些麻烦。
②With a local guide leading the way，they had no difficulty walking out of the forest.有当地向导带路，他们毫无困难地走出了森林。
③You can’t imagine what trouble I had solving the problem.
你想象不到我解决这个问题有多难。
[巩固内化] 补全句子
①Please don’t hesitate to turn to us for help whenever you have trouble with your study.
不论什么时候学习遇到困难，请马上找我们帮忙。
②Some students have trouble with grammar while others have difficulty remembering new words.
有些学生学语法有困难，而有的记单词有困难。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.I’m very glad to see that your vocabulary(词汇) is gradually building up.
2.Can you give a description(描述) of the contents of your lost wallet?
3.It is a struggle(难事) for me to rid myself of my fears.
4.China has always insisted that all countries，big or small，should be equal(平等的).
5.There are huge gaps(缺漏) in my knowledge of history.
6.I don’t understand how the two ideas relate(相联系).
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Do you want to go shopping? There’s a sale at the store.
2.You will need to buy(buy) tickets for the concert in advance，because the band is very popular.
3.I’m not feeling well today，so I’ll have him finish(finish) my work.
4.Its brain is small in relation to its body.
5.What do you mean by opening my letters without permission?
6.With so much work to do，he can’t help but ask(ask) his friends for help.
7.Tom and his father had some trouble with Chinese customs during the travel.
8.Anyone，whether men or women，should be equally(equal) treated.
Ⅲ.补全句子
1.How silly it was of you to give up such a good chance!
放弃这么好的一个机会，你真是太傻了！
2.The question is how to find him as soon as possible.
问题是如何尽快找到他。
3.I hope everything will go well.
希望一切顺利进行。
4.Do you know what makes a good teacher?
你知道怎样才能成为一名好老师吗？
5.Once you get to the old town，you will fall in love with it immediately.
你一旦到了这座古城，就会立刻爱上它。
6.The more choices you have，the better your decision will be.
你选择的余地越大，你的决定就会越好。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
In American English，when someone says he has to “face the music”，it does not mean he is going to a musical performance or a concert.
Imagine a friend asks you to take care of her beautiful sports car.She says，“Please do not drive it.It is an extremely fast car.” But you want to pretend the car is yours.So，you drive it around one night.As bad luck would have it，you lose control of the car and drive it into a stop sign.When your friend returns，you must “face the music”.The damage is severe.It can be losing her friendship or paying for repairs to her car or both.
In 1851，the writer James Fenimore explained “face the music”.In a theater，the orchestra(管弦乐队) sits in front of the stage.So，actors on stage face the musicians.Many actors are very nervous，a condition called stage fright.They may want to run away.“Facing the music” means accepting it and not surrendering(屈服) to it.
Word experts say “face the music” may come from the army.A soldier could be forced out of the horse cavalry(骑兵团) because of the serious mistakes in the war.The army drummers would play a sad beat.The soldier would be carried away seated backward on a horse and facing the music of the drums.
To “take your medicine” is to accept the bad result from something you have done.And if someone says，“You made your bed.Now lie in it，” he means you create a bad situation and you must deal with it.But it’s fun to “lie in the bed and enjoy music”.“Pay the piper” is also similar to “face the music”.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。英语中有很多听上去很愉快实际却并非如此的短语。“face the music”就是一个很好的例子。
1.According to Paragraph 2，when your friend comes back， .
A.you can go to a concert
B.you can refuse to repair the car
C.you can pretend the car is yours
D.you have to accept the bad result
答案 D [推理判断题。根据第二段的When your friend returns，you must “face the music”.It can be losing her friendship or paying for repairs to her car or both.可知，当你的朋友回来时，你必须要面对现实，接受你的行为造成的不良后果。]
2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A.A theater. B.Stage fright.
C.The stage. D.The orchestra.
答案 B [词义猜测题。根据第三段的Many actors are very nervous，a condition called stage fright.和下文的...not surrendering to it.可知，face the music意味着接受怯场心理而不是妥协。]
3.According to the passage，the soldier .
A.wanted to be a cavalry officer
B.would play the drum in the army
C.must have done something terrible
D.would be punished by the army drummers
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第四段的A soldier could be forced out of the horse cavalry because of the serious mistakes in the war.可知，在战争中犯了严重错误的士兵可能会被逐出骑兵团。]
4.Which of the following is different from other three expressions?
A.Pay the piper.
B.Take your medicine.
C.Lie in the bed and enjoy music.
D.You made your bed.Now lie in it.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据最后一段的But it’s fun to “lie in the bed and enjoy music”.可知，躺在床上听音乐是一种享受。Take your medicine：接受不好的事情导致的结果。You made your bed.Now lie in it：自作自受。Pay the piper：承担后果。]
Ⅴ.阅读七选五
The guy who tried to edit English
The English vocabulary is not only huge，but also full of words that mean practically the same thing.Get，obtain，acquire.Shine，gleam，glow，sparkle. 1
That was the thinking of a British writer named C.K.Ogden，who in the 1930s proposed (提议)a new form of English with a vocabulary of just 850 words.He called the project Basic English. 2
Ogden arrived at his 850-word list through experimentation，rephrasing texts over and over until he was satisfied.The words he finally included were not necessarily the shortest or most concrete. 3 Because any verbal idea could be expressed with a small number of “operators”—words like come，go，get，take，have，make，be，and do.Ogden argued that most verbs were unnecessary.In Basic English，eat is “have a meal.” and forget is “go from memory.”
Winston Churchill was a fan of the concept as a way to get foreigners to speak English，and he encouraged the BBC to use it. 4 Roosevelt，who expressed mild interest，joked that Churchill’s famous speech about offering his “blood，toil，tears，and sweat” to his country wouldn’t have been so exciting if he “had been able to offer the British people only blood，work，eye water，and face water，which I understand is the best that Basic English can do with five famous words.”
5 Churchill didn’t use it either.When seeking to express ourselves，we don’t necessarily need fewer words; we need the right words.So it’s to our benefit to have a large supply on hand.
A.Do we really need them all?
B.How many words are there in English?
C.Ogden himself didn’t actually use Basic English.
D.Plenty of seemingly basic words did not make the list at all.
E.He also tried to persuade President Franklin Roosevelt to promote it.
F.He believed it would make the language more efficient and easier to learn.
G.Despite attention from world leaders，Basic English never got very far off the drawing board.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了由奥格登创造出来的一种简化英语——基本英语。
1.A [第一段讲到英语的词汇量很大且有很多同义词，第二段提到“That was the thinking of a British writer”及奥格登将英语词汇量减到850个可知，此处应该是问“我们确实需要那么多词汇吗”。]
2.F [奥格登之所以创造基本英语是因为他觉得这样英语更容易学。]
3.D [根据上文的“were not necessarily the shortest or most concrete”及下文举的例子可知，很多基础的词汇并没有出现在基本英语中。]
4.E [由下文的“Roosevelt，who expressed mild interest”可知，此处是说丘吉尔也试图说服罗斯福总统推广基本英语。]
5.C [根据下文的“Churchill didn’t use it either.”可知，“奥格登并没有真正使用基本英语”符合语境。]
Ⅵ.语法填空
Many English language learners believe that the 1. (great) difficulty with listening comprehension(理解) is that the listener cannot control how quickly a speaker speaks.They feel that what the speaker says disappears 2. they can follow.This frequently means that students 3. are learning to listen cannot keep up.They are so busy 4. (work) out the meaning of one part of what they hear that they miss the next part.Or they 5. (simple) ignore a whole section because they fail to catch it quickly enough.Another difficulty is that the listener is not always in a position to get the speaker to repeat what has been said.And，of course，repeats cannot 6. (ask) for when listening to the radio or watching TV.
Besides，7. (choose) of vocabulary is in the hands of the speaker，not the listener.Very often，for people listening to a foreign language，an unknown word can be like stone 8. suddenly drops；making them stop and think about the meaning of the word，9. (cause) them to miss the next part of the speech.In listening，it really is a case of “He who 10. (stop) to work out the meaning is lost”.
【语篇解读】 本文主要分析了很多同学发现英语学习中听力最困难的具体原因。
1.greatest [听力最大的困难是无法控制说话者的语速。故答案为greatest。]
2.before [他们感觉还没有来得及理解，说话者说的内容就消失了。连词before在这里表示“还没有来得及……就……”。]
3.who/that [根据句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，关系代词who/that指代先行词students并在从句中作主语，不能省略。]
4.working [be busy (in) doing sth忙于做某事。]
5.simply [修饰谓语动词ignore作状语要用副词simply。]
6.be asked [本句主语repeat与动词ask之间为被动关系，所以要使用被动语态。]
7.choice [在句中作主语要使用名词choice。]
8.which/that [在句中引导定语从句，指物用which/that。]
9.causing [突然出现的不认识的单词让人错过了听的下一部分，结果带来了听力方面的问题。这属于正常的、意料之中的结果，故要用现在分词作状语。]
10.stops [关系代词who指代先行词he在定语从句中作主语，从句的谓语动词stop要与主语he保持一致，所以使用stops。]
课件20张PPT。 Section Ⅵ The Rest Parts of the Unit (P66～70)Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式1.They are busy now in preparation for the new ____________(学期).
2.Where is the nearest ____________(地铁) entrance?
3.Our new ____________(公寓) is comfortable to live in.
4.We are running out of ____________(汽油).We must find a gas station before it runs out. semestersubwayapartment petrol/gas5.The scenery was so beautiful that it was almost beyond ____________(describe).
6.She demanded ____________(see) the headmaster immediately to settle the problem.
7.Anyone，whether he is an official or a bus driver，should be ____________(equal) respected.
8.I would like to give my opinion in ____________(relate) to this problem.
9.Do you mind ____________(tell) me how to use this fun_ction?
10.____________(go) abroad for further education is an exciting experience for me.description to seeequallyrelationtellingGoingⅡ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语1.To write a good news report，you have to make sure your information ________________(与……有关) something that has recently happened.
2.The girl ________________(过去常常) be shy，but she is gradually getting active in group work.
3.It is difficult to ________________(习惯于) another country’s customs.
4.You may ________________(相信) what he says，for he is a person who always keeps his word.
5.Susan sat on a chair ________________(靠近) the window.relates toused toget used todepend onclose toⅠ.语境串记相近词1.We’d better first fill the car up with petrol at the gas station.
我们最好先到加油站去给汽车加满汽油。
2.For Americans，equality refers to equal worth and equal opportunity.
对美国人来说，平等是指价值的均等和机会的均等。
3.A good job description should describe exactly what the person should do and set standards so that performance can be measured.
一份好的职位描述应该准确地描述该职位的人应该做什么，并且制订标准以便衡量(职工的)表现。 记单词Ⅱ.构词法助记派生词名词后缀：-ity，-tion
equal(adj.)→equality
describe(v.)→descriptionⅢ.句式语境仿写1.It was exercise for the brain；the more I learnt of a language，the more my brain would grow.
这是对大脑的锻炼；我对一门语言的了解越多，我的大脑就越发达。
[仿写] 你越努力工作，你取得的进步就会越大。
________________ you work，________________ progress you will make.
2.I used to get high marks in English，but now I’m having a lot of trouble with my listening.我以前英语成绩很好，但是现在我的听力有很多麻烦。
[仿写] 无论何时你学英语有困难，都可以向老师寻求帮助。
You could turn to the teachers whenever you _______________________________. The harderthe greaterhave trouble in learning English 3.My biggest headache is how to be polite in English.
我最头疼的是如何用英语表示礼貌。
[仿写] 他告诉我下一步做什么还没有讨论。
He told me ______________________________________ hadn’t been discussed. what to do next句型公式1.“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”表示“越……，就越……”。
2.sb have trouble(in) doing/with sth“某人做某事有困难”。
3.“疑问词＋不定式”结构作表语、主语或宾语。1.equal n.同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的；胜任的 vt.比得上；敌得过 equally adv.相等地，相同地...our relationship is close and we’re equals，so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us.(教材P66)……我们的关系很亲密，我们是平等的，因此我只需说几个字，就能消除我们之间的距离。
[合作探究] 体会equal的用法和意义
As far as I know，he is quite equal to the job.据我所知，他完全有能力胜任这项工作。
Health is not equal to everything，but lose health，lose all.
健康不等于一切，但失去健康却等于失去了一切。 None of us can equal her，either in beauty or as a dancer.
不管是美貌还是在舞艺上我们都比不上她。
His paintings are without equal in the Western world.
他的画在西方世界首屈一指。
[自主发现]
①________________ 等于；相当于
②be equal to sth/doing sth 胜任做某事；能应付某事
③A equals B in sth A在某方面比得上B
④________________ 无与伦比be equal towithout equal[巩固内化]
(1)单句语法填空
①She is very weak and not equal to ____________ (make)a long journey.
②Actually，the three columns are ____________ (equal)attractive to us students.
③Nobody can equal him ____________ intelligence.
(2)补全句子
④No one ________________________________，about which everyone knows.
在数学方面没有人比得上他，这一点大家都清楚。
⑤Anyone will _______________________________ the job，as long as he is careful.
只要细心，任何人都能胜任这项工作。 makingequallyinequals him in maths be equal to2.demand n.要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问 But if I’m talking to someone who isn’t very close to me，I must make my request longer—and I must make it a question，not a demand.(教材P66)
但是，如果我和一个不是很亲近的人交谈，我必须把我的请求说的长一些——我必须确保这是请求，而不是一个要求。
[合作探究] 体会demand的用法和意义
Soft drinks are much in demand in this hot weather.
这么热的天气，软饮料的需求量很大。
The manager promised that they would try to meet their customers’ demands.
经理许诺他们会尽力满足顾客的需求。He demanded that I (should) tell him everything I knew.
＝He demanded of me to tell him everything I knew.
他要求我告诉他我所知道的。
[自主发现]
①________________ 非常需要；急需
②_______________________ 满足……需要
③demand (of sb) to do sth 要求(某人)做某事
④demand that...(should)do sth 要求……做某事(从句用虚拟语气)
[名师提醒]
(1)demand后跟宾语从句时，要用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”；
(2)demand不能用于demand sb to do sth结构；“向某人要某物”不能用demand sb sth结构，要用demand sth of/from sb结构。 in demandmeet/satisfy one’s demands [巩固内化]
(1)同义句转换
①He demanded to be told everything at any time.
→He demanded that he ________________ everything at any time.
(2)一句多译
②这位老师要求学生们准时到校。
→________________________________________________________ (demand that...)
→__________________________________________________ (demand of sb to do sth)
[思考] 请写出除demand之外，后接宾语从句时常用虚拟语气的动词。
________________________________________________________________________ (should) be toldThe teacher demanded that the students (should)go to school on time. The teacher demanded of the students to go to school on time.advise，suggest，desire，command，urge，order，require，prefer等。3.relate vt.& vi.联系；讲述 related adj.相关的；有(亲属)关系的 relation n.关系Does each sentence relate to the main idea? (教材P67)
每句话都与主旨有关吗？
[合作探究] 体会relate及其相关词的用法和意义
Your works must relate to/be related to our school life.
你的作品一定要与我们的学校生活有关。
Don’t relate me to Kate；she is a bright girl.
不要把我和凯特联系起来，她是一个聪明的女孩。
The position calls for related experience in the field and being skilled at using computers.这个岗位要求有该领域相关的经验并能熟练使用电脑。He related the facts of the case to journalists.
他给记者讲述了这件事的实际情况。
[自主发现]
①________________ 和……相关；涉及；谈到
②________________ 把……和……联系在一起
③relate sth to sb 向某人叙述/讲述某事
④be related to 和……有关；和……有联系relate to...relate...to...[巩固内化]
(1)单句语法填空
①I have a lot to say in ____________(relate) to that affair.
②Education levels are strongly related ____________ income.
(2)补全句子
③Can you ___________________________________ your present state of mind?
你能否把你童年时的经历同目前的心境联系起来？
④The cost ____________________________ the amount of time spent on the project.
这个项目的成本与所费时间有直接关系。 relationtorelate what happened in your childhood to relates directly to4.I used to get high marks in English，but now I’m having a lot of trouble with my listening.(教材P66) 我以前英语成绩很好，但是现在我的听力有很多麻烦。
【句式解读】 have trouble with sth意为“在某方面有麻烦/困难”。
【用法总结】
(1)have trouble/difficulty with sth 在……方面有麻烦；做某事有困难
(2)have trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth 做某事有麻烦/困难
①I am having some trouble with my classmates at the moment.
目前，我和同学们(相处)有些麻烦。
②With a local guide leading the way，they had no difficulty walking out of the forest.有当地向导带路，他们毫无困难地走出了森林。③You can’t imagine what trouble I had solving the problem.
你想象不到我解决这个问题有多难。
[巩固内化] 补全句子
①Please don’t hesitate to turn to us for help whenever you ________________________.
不论什么时候学习遇到困难，请马上找我们帮忙。
②Some students have trouble with grammar while others ___________________________________.
有些学生学语法有困难，而有的记单词有困难。 have trouble with your study have difficulty remembering new words Section Ⅶ Reading for Writing——有关英语学习的建议信
本单元的写作任务是读关于英语学习的博客内容后，写一篇有关英语学习的建议信。
Ⅰ.Pre-writing
(Ⅰ)Reading the blog
I am glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to study English.Here are a few suggestions.
First，I think it is important to recite English words，which is very good for you.Then，reading English newspapers and magazines is very useful.Besides，it should be a good idea to watch English movies.As to your situation，I suggest you take more and more English exercises.In addition，you can learn English grammar.If you can study hard，I am sure you can improve your English in a short time.
I am looking forward to your English level having a big change.
(Ⅱ)Preparation for writing—Words and phrases
①idiom n. 习语，成语
②pronunciation n. 发音
③grammar n. 语法
④practice n. 练习
⑤standard n.& adj. 标准(的)
⑥splendid adj. 灿烂的，辉煌的；(口语)极好的
⑦master vt. 精通，掌握
⑧refer to/consult a dictionary 查字典
⑨have a grasp of＝have a command of 掌握
⑩focus one’s attention on＝concentrate on 集中(注意力，精力)于
?enlarge/expand one’s vocabulary 扩大词汇量
?follow/take one’s advice 听从某人劝告
?communicate with sb 与某人交流
?form the habit of reading 养成阅读习惯
Ⅱ.While-writing
Write a letter about how to improve listening skills after you read the following blog.
Hi！I’ve been studying English since primary school.I used to get high marks in English，but now I’m having a lot of trouble with my listening.When I listen to native English speakers talking in a video，I can catch only a few words.I can never quite get the main idea.Any advice?
Step 1 List the outline of the passage.
Step 2 List the words，phrases and sentences.
1.Words and phrases
①memorize v. 记住
②passage n. 一段
③pronunciation n. 发音
④listening skills 听力技巧
⑤ask for advice 征求意见
⑥English videos 英语影像资料
⑦watch English movies 看英语电影
⑧get a better understanding of 更好地了解
2.Sentences
①我很高兴读了你向我征求关于如何提高英语听力技巧的建议的博客。(疑问词＋不定式)
I’m glad to read your blog asking for my advice on how to improve English listening skills.
②首先，我认为我们应该记住尽可能多的单词，尤其是它们的发音。(first of all)
First of all，I think we should memorize as many words as possible，especially their pronunciation.
③只有到那时，我们听录音时才能意识到这个词的确切含义。(only then)
Only then can we realize what exactly the word is when we listen to the audio.
④更重要的是，我们还可以做一些听力练习。(do exercises)
What’s more，we can also do some listening exercises.
⑤问自己一些关于我们听到的短文的问题，这样我们就能更好地理解短文，并从短文中获得更多的信息。(祈使句＋so句型)
Ask ourselves some questions about the passage we hear，so we can get a better understanding of the passage and get more information from the passage.
Step 3 Draft the article by using the following words.
first of all，then，for example，in this way，what’s more
Dear Peter，
I’m glad to read your blog asking for my advice on how to improve English listening skills.
Here are a few suggestions.First of all，I think we should memorize as many words as possible，especially their pronunciation.Only then can we realize what exactly the word is when we listen to the audio.Then we should do practice as much as we can.For example，we could listen to the English videos，songs as well as watching English movies.In this way，we can practice our listening skills and improve it.What’s more，we can also do some listening exercises.Ask ourselves some questions about the passage we hear，so we can get a better understanding of the passage and get more information from the passage.
I hope you will find these suggestions helpful.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
Ⅲ.Post-writing—polishing the passage
Exchange your passage with your partner，and pay attention to the following points.
□1.Does the writer give a clear description of the problem?
□2.Is the advice clearly explained?
□3.Does each sentence relate to the main idea?
□4.Does the writer use pronouns to refer to things or people correctly?
□5.Does the writer use correct spelling，punctuation，and capitalisation?
□6.Are there any grammar mistakes?
篇章结构
Beginning：The purpose of writing the letter.
Body：Your suggestions.
The suggestions are listed by the words “First，Then，Besides...”
The ending：Your hope
亮点表达
1.We are supposed to learn English well because having a good command of English means more opportunities in the future.
我们理应学好英语，因为精通英语意味着在将来有更多的机会。
2.Grammar must be learned through language，and not language through grammar.
必须从语言中学习语法，而不是从语法中学习语言。
3.Don’t worry if you have any trouble in studying Chinese，and just take your time.
学汉语有困难时不要着急，慢慢来。
4.I like English very much，so I often have fun learning English.
我很喜欢英语，因此我经常感觉学英语很有趣。
5.Keeping a diary is an effective way to improve writing.
记日记是提高写作水平的一个有效方法。
6.The way to learn a language is to practise speaking it as often as possible.
学习一门语言的方法就是要尽可能经常地练习说。
7.My hard work pays off，and I am quite proud of what I have achieved/the progress I have made in English.
我的努力没有白费，我为自己在英语方面所取得的进步感到骄傲。
8.It is important to take an English course，as you will be able to learn from the teachers and practice speaking English with your fellow students.
参加英语课程很重要，因为你能向老师学习并和你的同学一起练习说英语。
9.By learning English we can broaden our horizons and increase our knowledge in various fields.
通过学英语我们能够开阔视野，增加我们各领域的知识。
写作技巧
段落——合理分段，层次清晰
书面表达是主观题。阅卷时率先进入老师眼帘的是卷面、文章结构，因此我们既要重视卷面整洁，又要重视段落写作，即按时间、空间或其他逻辑顺序把相关联的内容安排在相应的段落内，从而做到主题突出、结构合理、层次清晰。这样定会给阅卷老师留下良好的第一印象。
课件18张PPT。Section Ⅶ Reading for Writing——有关英语学习的建议信本单元的写作任务是读关于英语学习的博客内容后，写一篇有关英语学习的建议信。Ⅰ.Pre-writing
(Ⅰ)Reading the blogI am glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to study English.Here are a few suggestions.First，I think it is important to recite English words，which is very good for you.Then，reading English newspapers and magazines is very useful.Besides，it should be a good idea to watch English movies.As to your situation，I suggest you take more and more English exercises.In addition，you can learn English grammar.If you can study hard，I am sure you can improve your English in a short time.
I am looking forward to your English level having a big change. (Ⅱ)Preparation for writing—Words and phrases①________________ n. 习语，成语
②________________ n. 发音
③________________ n. 语法
④________________ n. 练习
⑤________________ n.& adj. 标准(的)
⑥________________ adj. 灿烂的，辉煌的；(口语)极好的 idiompronunciationgrammarpracticestandardsplendid⑦________________ vt. 精通，掌握
⑧___________________________________ 查字典
⑨ ___________________________________ 掌握
⑩ ___________________________________ 集中(注意力，精力)于
? ___________________________________ 扩大词汇量
? ___________________________________ 听从某人劝告
? ___________________________________ 与某人交流
? ___________________________________ 养成阅读习惯 masterrefer to/consult a dictionaryhave a grasp of＝have a command of focus one’s attention on＝concentrate on enlarge/expand one’s vocabularyfollow take one’s advicecommunicate with sbform the habit of readingⅡ.While-writing
Write a letter about how to improve listening skills after you read the following blog.Hi！I’ve been studying English since primary school.I used to get high marks in English，but now I’m having a lot of trouble with my listening.When I listen to native English speakers talking in a video，I can catch only a few words.I can never quite get the main idea.Any advice?Step 1 List the outline of the passage.Step 2 List the words，phrases and sentences. 1.Words and phrases①________________ v. 记住
②________________ n. 一段
③________________ n. 发音
④________________ 听力技巧
⑤________________ 征求意见
⑥________________ 英语影像资料
⑦________________________ 看英语电影
⑧________________________ 更好地了解 memorizepassagepronunciationlistening skillsask for adviceEnglish videoswatch English moviesget a better understanding of2.Sentences①我很高兴读了你向我征求关于如何提高英语听力技巧的建议的博客。(疑问词＋不定式)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
②首先，我认为我们应该记住尽可能多的单词，尤其是它们的发音。(first of all)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
③只有到那时，我们听录音时才能意识到这个词的确切含义。(only then)
________________________________________________________________________I’m glad to read your blog asking for my advice on how to improve English listening skills. First of all，I think we should memorize as many words as possible，especially their pronunciation.Only then can we realize what exactly the word is when we listen to the audio.④更重要的是，我们还可以做一些听力练习。(do exercises)
________________________________________________________________________
⑤问自己一些关于我们听到的短文的问题，这样我们就能更好地理解短文，并从短文中获得更多的信息。(祈使句＋so句型)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________ What’s more，we can also do some listening exercises.Ask ourselves some questions about the passage we hear，so we can get a better understanding of the passage and get more information from the passage.Step 3 Draft the article by using the following words.first of all，then，for example，in this way，what’s moreDear Peter，
I’m glad to read your blog asking for my advice on how to improve English listening skills.
Here are a few suggestions.First of all，I think we should memorize as many words as possible，especially their pronunciation.Only then can we realize what exactly the word is when we listen to the audio.Then we should do practice as much as we can.For example，we could listen to the English videos，songs as well as watching English movies.In this way，we can practice our listening skills and improve it.What’s more，we can also do some listening exercises.Ask ourselves some questions about the passage we hear，so we can get a better understanding of the passage and get more information from the passage.
I hope you will find these suggestions helpful.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua Ⅲ.Post-writing—polishing the passage
Exchange your passage with your partner，and pay attention to the following points.□1.Does the writer give a clear description of the problem?
□2.Is the advice clearly explained?
□3.Does each sentence relate to the main idea?
□4.Does the writer use pronouns to refer to things or people correctly?
□5.Does the writer use correct spelling，punctuation，and capitalisation?
□6.Are there any grammar mistakes?篇章结构Beginning：The purpose of writing the letter.
Body：Your suggestions.
The suggestions are listed by the words “First，Then，Besides...”
The ending：Your hope亮点表达1.We are supposed to learn English well because having a good command of English means more opportunities in the future.
我们理应学好英语，因为精通英语意味着在将来有更多的机会。
2.Grammar must be learned through language，and not language through grammar.
必须从语言中学习语法，而不是从语法中学习语言。
3.Don’t worry if you have any trouble in studying Chinese，and just take your time.
学汉语有困难时不要着急，慢慢来。
4.I like English very much，so I often have fun learning English.
我很喜欢英语，因此我经常感觉学英语很有趣。 5.Keeping a diary is an effective way to improve writing.
记日记是提高写作水平的一个有效方法。
6.The way to learn a language is to practise speaking it as often as possible.
学习一门语言的方法就是要尽可能经常地练习说。
7.My hard work pays off，and I am quite proud of what I have achieved/the progress I have made in English.
我的努力没有白费，我为自己在英语方面所取得的进步感到骄傲。 8.It is important to take an English course，as you will be able to learn from the teachers and practice speaking English with your fellow students.
参加英语课程很重要，因为你能向老师学习并和你的同学一起练习说英语。
9.By learning English we can broaden our horizons and increase our knowledge in various fields.
通过学英语我们能够开阔视野，增加我们各领域的知识。 写作技巧段落——合理分段，层次清晰书面表达是主观题。阅卷时率先进入老师眼帘的是卷面、文章结构，因此我们既要重视卷面整洁，又要重视段落写作，即按时间、空间或其他逻辑顺序把相关联的内容安排在相应的段落内，从而做到主题突出、结构合理、层次清晰。这样定会给阅卷老师留下良好的第一印象。 Section Ⅷ Assessing Your Progress
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.This is an animal that is specific(特有的) to this part of Africa.
2.I’m writing to express my sincere appreciation(感激) for the MP5 you sent to me.
3.The twins differ from each other in character(性格).
4.She is now crazy about classical(古典的) music and will not miss any chance to attend a concert.
5.As you design your system(系统)，consider how it should be tested.
6.English is not the native(本国的) language for almost half of our overseas visitors.
7.Despite(尽管) his terrible injuries，he wouldn’t give up the struggle for life.
8.There are certain factors(因素) I must consider on my new invention.
9.There are various(各种各样的) reasons why they want part-time jobs.
10.What subject did you major(主修) in when you were in university?
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Birds usually only fly together with other birds of the same kind.
2.By no means am I satisfied with what you have done.
3.In Dali，there is a healthier，more relaxed attitude to/towards life.
4.When I said some people were stupid I wasn’t referring to you.
5.There are various(variety) things on sale，so you can choose whatever interests you.
6.I prefer him to major in French.
7.I don’t appreciate being treated(treat) like a second-class citizen.
8.He has been struggling for success in his business.
9.She gave the police a clear description(describe) of the accident.
10.There must be equality(equal) of rights for all citizens，regardless of nationality.
Ⅲ.用定语从句合并下面的句子
1.The boy was often late for school.The reason is still unknown.
→The reason why(for which) the boy was often late for school is still unknown.
2.I’ll never forget the days.We studied together then.
→I’ll never forget the days when we studied together.
3.We’ll go to hear the famous singer.We have often talked about the famous singer.
→We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.
4.The house has been pulled down.He lived in the house 10 years ago.
→The house where(in which)he lived 10 years ago has been pulled down.
5.The school lies in the east of the town.He once studied in the school.
→The school where(in which)he once studied lies in the east of the town.
6.The man is my friend.You talked with the man.
→The man with whom you talked is my friend.
课件6张PPT。Section Ⅷ Assessing Your ProgressⅠ.单词拼写1.This is an animal that is ____________(特有的) to this part of Africa.
2.I’m writing to express my sincere ____________(感激) for the MP5 you sent to me.
3.The twins differ from each other in ____________(性格).
4.She is now crazy about ____________(古典的) music and will not miss any chance to attend a concert.
5.As you design your ____________(系统)，consider how it should be tested.specificappreciation characterclassicalsystem6.English is not the ____________(本国的) language for almost half of our overseas visitors.
7.____________(尽管) his terrible injuries，he wouldn’t give up the struggle for life.
8.There are certain ____________(因素) I must consider on my new invention.
9.There are ____________(各种各样的) reasons why they want part-time jobs.
10.What subject did you ____________(主修) in when you were in university?nativeDespitefactorsvariousmajorⅡ.单句语法填空1.Birds usually only fly together with other birds ____________ the same kind.
2.____________ no means am I satisfied with what you have done.
3.In Dali，there is a healthier，more relaxed attitude ____________ life.
4.When I said some people were stupid I wasn’t referring ____________ you.
5.There are ____________(variety) things on sale，so you can choose whatever interests you.
6.I prefer him to major ____________ French.
7.I don’t appreciate ________________(treat) like a second-class citizen.
8.He has been struggling ____________ success in his business.
9.She gave the police a clear ____________(describe) of the accident.
10.There must be ____________(equal) of rights for all citizens，regardless of nationality. ofByto/towardstovariousinbeing treatedfordescriptionequalityⅢ.用定语从句合并下面的句子 1.The boy was often late for school.The reason is still unknown.
→______________________________________________________________________
2.I’ll never forget the days.We studied together then.
→______________________________________________________________________
3.We’ll go to hear the famous singer.We have often talked about the famous singer.
→______________________________________________________________________The reason why(for which) the boy was often late for school is still unknown.I’ll never forget the days when we studied together.We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.4.The house has been pulled down.He lived in the house 10 years ago.
→____________________________________________________________________
5.The school lies in the east of the town.He once studied in the school.
→____________________________________________________________________
6.The man is my friend.You talked with the man.
→____________________________________________________________________The house where(in which)he lived 10 years ago has been pulled down.The school where(in which)he once studied lies in the east of the town.The man with whom you talked is my friend.
