Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．核心单词
①expert n． 专家
②midnight n. 半夜
③journey n. 旅程
④train vt. 训练
⑤scenery n. 风景；景色
2．拓展单词
①abandoned adj.被遗弃的→abandon vt.遗弃；抛弃
②product n．产品→produce vt.生产；n.农产品→production n．生产；产量
③shoot vt.射杀→shot n．射击；枪声
3．阅读单词
①helicopter n. 直升飞机
②motorbike n. 摩托车
③cassette n. 录音带
④diamond n. 钻石
⑤soil n. 土壤
“旅行”名词大观园
①journey 旅行；旅程
②travel 旅行；游记
③trip (短途)旅行；远足
④tour 周游；参观访问
⑤voyage 海上旅行；太空旅行
别样“风景”
①scenery n. 风景；景色
②scene n. 场景；风景
③view n. 景色；风景
④sights n. 风景；名胜
⑤landscape n. 风景；景色
⑥outlook n. 景色；风光
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．get on 上(车、船等)
2．get off 下(车、船等)
3．get into 上(车)
4．get out of 下(车)
5．take off (飞机)起飞
6．more than 不仅仅
7．look out_of 向……外看
8．be short for 是……的缩写/简称
9．not... any more 不再
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．And what_a_ride!
一次多么美妙的火车之旅啊！
2．Where do_you_think most of the people live in the central part of the country or on the coast?
你认为大部分人住在什么地方，是在国家的中心地带还是海滨？
3．We ate great meals cooked_by_experts.
我们吃的美味饭菜是由烹饪大师们做的！
“v.＋off”短语集汇
①take off (飞机)起飞 ②cut off 切断
③give off 放出 ④put off 推迟；拖延
⑤pay off 还清；回报 ⑥show off 炫耀
篇章理解
速读文章并选出最佳答案
1．The sentence “And what a ride！” in the first paragraph means that ________.
A．the writer enjoyed the long journey
B．the writer was made too tired from the long ride
C．that was a long and dangerous journey
D．she had nothing to see but desert
答案：A
2．Which is the right order of the following things?
a．A new railway line was built and the camels were no longer used.
b．Australians needed a way to travel to the middle of the country.
c．Australians trained camels to carry food and other supplies.
d．They tried riding horses to travel.
A．bdca B．dbac
C．acbd D．cabd
答案：A
3．Australians used to travel on camels for ________.
A．business B．shopping
C．farming D．pleasure
答案：A
4．They shot camels because ________.
A．they used horses
B．they passed a new law
C．camels brought many problems
D．they built a new railway line and they didn't need the camels any more
答案：C
5．The whole passage mainly tells us ________.
A．the importance of the desert in Australia
B．horses are of no use in travelling in a desert
C．it's cruel to kill thousands of camels
D．the transport to the middle of Australia
答案：D
难句分析
1．We got on in Sydney and we got off in Alice Springs right in the middle of Australia more than four thousand kilometres away.
[句式分析]该句为并列句。and连接两个并列分句；right in the middle of Australia more than four thousand kilometers away作Alice Springs的后置定语。
[尝试翻译]我们在悉尼上车，在澳大利亚中部的艾丽斯斯普林斯下车，行程四千多千米。
2．We saw abandoned farms which were built more than a hundred years ago.
[句式分析]该句为主从复合句。farms是先行词，which为关系代词，在定语从句which were built more than a hundred years ago中作定语。
[尝试翻译]我们看到建造于一百多年前的废弃的农庄。
3．In 1925 they passed a law which allowed people to shoot the animals if they were a problem.
[句式分析]该句为主从复合句。if they were a problem为条件状语从句；主句为they passed a law which allowed people to shoot the animals，其中which allowed people to shoot the animals为定语从句，修饰law。
[尝试翻译]在1925年，他们通过了一条法律，允许人们在动物引发问题的情况下射杀它们。
知识点详解——重点词汇、短语
1．distance n. 距离；间隔；远处
【语境领悟】
Which of them can you use to travel a long distance?
它们中哪一种或哪一些交通工具你可以用来进行长途旅行？
【短语拓展】
in the distance 在远处；在远方
at a distance 从远处；遥远地；久远地
keep one's distance from 疏远；与……保持距离
a distance of ……的距离
within walking distance of 离……只有几步之遥
【经典例句】
①Mount Everest could be seen in the distance.
远远地可以看到珠穆朗玛峰。
②Mark was told to keep his distance from the girl across the street.
马克被告知要和街对面的那个女孩子保持距离。
即学即练 ?
1.单句语法填空
①—Can you see the man in the distance?
—Yes I can. He is my neighbor Mr. Smith who is difficult to get along with because he always keeps everyone at a distance.
②We could see nothing in the thick fog at/from a distance of five metres so we got lost.
2．完成句子
What's_the_distance (有多远) from Rio to Beijing？
2.means n. 方式，方法；手段；途径
【语境领悟】
Match the verbs with the means of transport in activity 1.
把活动1中的交通工具与下列动词搭配。
【短语拓展】
by this means 用这种方法
by means of (doing)．.. 借助……手段；依靠……方法
by all means 可以；当然行；没问题
by no means 绝不；一点也不
温馨提示
means单复数同形。当means由every each或no修饰作主语时，后面句子中的谓语动词用单数；当means由all these或those修饰作主语时，谓语动词用复数。类似的名词还有：works sheep以及deer等。
【经典例句】
①We can make great progress in our English study by this means.
我们可以通过这种方式在英语学习中取得很大的进步。
②She is by no means an inexperienced teacher.
她绝不是个毫无经验的老师。
即学即练 ?
1.单句语法填空
①All possible means have been tried.
②Every possible means has been tried.
2．用means的相关短语完成句子
①It is said that by_no_means can the students be allowed to get into this laboratory without Mr. Jackson's permission(允许)．
②By_means_of We Chat we can keep in touch with our friends for everyday communication.
3.get on 上(车、船等)；进展
【语境领悟】
*I'm sure he'll get on at the next station.我确信他将在下一站上车。
*How's your broken leg getting on？你受伤的腿怎么样了？
*Lily is getting on very well in Russian. She learns very quickly.
莉莉的俄语很有起色，她学得非常快。
【归纳拓展】
get off下车；动身 get through通过；接通；完成
get across越过；使……被理解 get in收获；插话
get over克服；战胜 get down to开始认真做……
【经典例句】
①I spoke very slowly but I couldn't get my meaning across.
尽管我说得很慢，但我的意思仍不被人理解。
②I rang you several times but wasn't able to get through.
我几次打电话给你，但都没有打通。
即学即练 ?
用get构成的适当短语完成句子
①When the old lady got_on the bus a young man gave up his seat to her.
②After two days' rest we get_down_to work again.
③I couldn't get_across to her how much I loved her.
④She talks so much that you can't get a word in.
⑤We had to get_over many difficulties.
4.take off(飞机)起飞；脱下(衣服)；开始成功；(事业)腾飞；请假
【语境领悟】
*The plane took off as usual despite the fog.尽管有雾，飞机仍照常起飞。
*I took off my overcoat since it was warm.天气暖和了，我就把大衣脱了。
*His career began to take off in his late thirties.他年近四十事业才开始腾飞。
【归纳拓展】
take... for... 把……当作……；误认……为……
take on 雇用；承担；呈现
take over 接管
take up 拿起；占据；开始从事
take in 吸收；欺骗
take out 取出来
【经典例句】
①His only reason for putting money in the company was to take it over.
他投资这家公司的唯一原因就是想接管它。
②I won't take up much of your time.
我不会占用你很多时间。
即学即练 ?
用take的相关短语完成句子
①Their flight has been delayed (推迟) due to the bad weather. They would like to know when the flight will take_off.
②It is certain that his son will take_over the company after he retires (退休)．
③I'm sorry to have taken_up so much of your time.
漫画助记
5.scenery n．风景；景色
【语境领悟】
*For the first few hundred kilometres of the journey the scenery was very colourful.
在旅程开始的几百千米，景色非常优美。
*They went to the countryside to enjoy the scenery.
他们去乡村欣赏风景。
【易混辨析】 scenery scene view sight
(1)scenery是不可数名词，是自然景色的总称，常用来描述静态的、美丽的乡村景色。
(2)scene指展现在眼前的情景，大多包括景物中的人和活动在内。
(3)view是可数名词，意为“风景，景色”；表示从某处可看到的scenery的一部分，侧重指能够看到的部分，即所见之景。常构成“get/offer a view of...”或“there is a view of...”。此外， view还可表示“观点，看法；视野”等。
(4)sight表示某一地区值得观看的建筑物、胜地、特色等，常用作复数。
即学即练 ?
用scenery scene view sight的适当形式填空
①Shangri-la attracts tens of thousands of visitors by its beautiful natural scenery.
②There is a fine view of the mountain from our hotel window.
③The Imperial Palace is one of the sights of China.
④The boats in the harbour make a beautiful scene.
⑤We passed through some beautiful sights on our journey through this district.
漫画助记
6.abandoned adj. 被遗弃的
【语境领悟】
We saw abandoned farms which were built more than a hundred years ago.
我们看到了建于一百多年前的被遗弃的农场。
【归纳拓展】
abandon v. 离弃；遗弃；抛弃
abandon oneself to 沉湎于；陷入
with abandon 恣意地；放纵地
be abandoned to 沉溺于；沉湎于
【经典例句】
①The driver abandoned his car in the snow.
司机把汽车抛在雪地里。
②The sailors abandoned themselves to drinking.
水手们纵情饮酒。
③People jumped and shouted with abandon.
人们尽情地跳着喊着。
即学即练 ?
单句语法填空
①His car was found abandoned (abandon) on the street.
②The boy felt abandoned (abandon) by the world. So he abandoned himself to computer games and thought that life was meaningless.
7.look out of 从……朝外看
【语境领悟】
During the day I sat and looked out of the window and sometimes talked to other passengers.
在白天，我坐着看窗外，有时和别的旅客说说话。
【短语拓展】
look up 抬头向上看；查阅
look up to 敬佩；仰慕；尊敬
look out for 留心防备；当心；提防
look into 调查；审查
look down on 轻视；瞧不起
look back (on sth.) 回顾；回忆
look through 快速查看；浏览
【经典例句】
①Look up the word in the dictionary.在字典里查这个单词。
②I spent half an hour looking through the evening paper.我用半小时浏览晚报。
③I wish you wouldn't look down on this kind of work.我希望你不要看不起这种工作。
即学即练 ?
单句填空
①—The T-shirt I received is not the same as is shown online.
—How come? But I promise you we'll look into it right away.
②I look_back_on my time in UK with satisfaction and I really hope to study in Manchester again.
③—How often do you refer to a dictionary when you are reading an English novel?
—Well it depends. Only if it actually affects my understanding will I look the word up.
8.be short for 是……的缩写
【语境领悟】
Ghan is short for Afghanistan. Ghan 是阿富汗的缩写。
【短语拓展】
be short of 缺少……
in short 总之；简言之
for short 简称
【经典例句】
①My name is Thomas and you can call me Tom for short.
我的名字是Thomas，你可以简称我Tom。
②WTO is short for the World Trade Organization.
WTO是世界贸易组织的简称。
③According to some scientists we'll be short of energy in the future.
依据一些科学家的说法，我们在将来会缺乏能源。
即学即练 ?
单句语法填空
①That young man is honest cooperative (合作的) always there when you need his help. In short he's reliable.
②—Excuse me can you tell me what “DIY” stands for?
—It is short for “do-it-yourself”．
③Obviously the young man is short of teaching experience.
9.allow v．允许；准许
【语境领悟】
*I'll never allow such behavior.我绝不会允许这样的行为。
*My parents won't allow me to stay out late.我的父母不允许我深夜还不回家。
【归纳拓展】
allow v. 允许，准许
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
allow doing sth. 允许做某事
sb. be allowed to do sth. 某人被允许做某事
即学即练 ?
单句语法填空
①The kids are not allowed to_leave (leave) unless their parents come to pick them up.
②My father doesn't allow playing (play) computer games; he doesn't even allow me to_watch (watch) TV before I finish my homework.
知识点详解——重点句型
1．Where_do_you_think_most_of_the_people_live _in the central part of the country or on the coast?
你认为大多数人生活在哪里，是在国家的中部还是在沿海？
【语境领悟】
*Who do you suppose telephoned yesterday?
你认为昨天是谁打的电话？
*What do you think his explanation is?
你认为他的解释是什么？
【归纳拓展】
特殊疑问词＋do you think＋陈述句结构。do you think是插入语。特殊疑问句用陈述语序。用于以上句型的动词除think外，常见的还有believe consider suppose imagine guess和suggest等。
即学即练 ?
1.单句改错
Do you think who is up to the job？Do_you_think_who_→
Who_do_you_think
2．完成句子
Where_did_they_suggest we should go during the summer holidays?
他们建议我们暑假到哪儿去？
2.And what a ride！多么愉快的一次旅行啊！
【句式分析】
此句是一个省略形式的感叹句。这个句子的完整形式是And what a ride it was!
【归纳拓展】
(1)what引导感叹句时，后面接名词，其结构为What＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！或者What＋adj.＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！
(2)how引导感叹句时，后面接形容词或副词，其结构为How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！或者How＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！或者How＋主语＋谓语！
【经典例句】
①What a good motorbike my father bought me!
我爸爸给我买了一辆多么好的摩托车啊！
②What attractive scenery it is!
这是多么吸引人的景色啊！
③How strict the discipline is!
这纪律真严格啊！
④How tight a timetable we have！＝What a tight timetable we have!
我们的时间表真紧啊！
即学即练 ?
1.单句语法填空
①Do not let any failures discourage you for you can never tell how close you may be to victory.
②What a different life it is today!
2．句型转换
①What a surprise it is for us to see that he does his work so well!
How_surprising it is for us to see that he does his work so well!
②Everything is covered by dust because of the sandstorm. How terrible the weather is!
Everything is covered by dust because of the sandstorm. What_terrible_weather！
My first ride① on a train
My name is Alice Thompson I come from Sydney Australia and I'm 18 years old. Recently I had my first ride on a long-distance② train. And what a ride! 【1】 A friend and I travelled on the famous Ghan train. We got on③ in Sydney and we got off④ in Alice Spring right in the middle of Australia more than⑤ four thousand kilometres away. We spent⑥ two days and nights on the train.
【1】此外“what a ride！”是感叹句，句子的主语和谓语被省略，完整形式为“what a (wonderful) ride it was！”。
The train was wonderful and the food was great. We ate great meals cooked by experts⑦ 【2】！ For the first few hundred kilometres of the journey⑧， the scenery⑨ was very colourful. There were fields and the soil was dark red. After that it was desert⑩. The sun shone?， there was no wind and there were no clouds in the sky. Suddenly it looked like? a place from another time. We saw abandoned? farms which were built more than a hundred years ago 【3】．
【2】过去分词短语cooked by experts作后置定语，相当于which/that were cooked by experts，修饰great meals。
【3】which引导定语从句，修饰先行词farm。which在从句中作主语，不能省略。
The train was comfortable and the people were nice. During the day I sat and looked out of? the window and sometimes talked to other passengers. I read? books and listened to my Chinese cassettes? (I'm studying Chinese at school【4】). One night at about midnight?， I watched the night sky for about an hour. The stars shone like diamonds?.
【4】I'm studying...用现在进行时表示目前或现阶段的情况。
Why is the train called the Ghan? A long time ago Australians needed a way to travel to the middle of the country. They tried? riding horses but the horses didn't like the hot weather and sand. A hundred and fifty years ago they brought some camels? from Afghanistan. Ghan is short for Afghanistan.
Camels were much better than horses for travelling a long distance. For many years trained camels carried food and other supplies， and returned with wool and other products. The Afghans and their camels did this until the 1920s. Then the government built a new railway line so they didn't need the camels any more. In 1925 they passed a law which allowed people to shoot the animals if they were a problem 【5】. In 1935 the police in a town shot 153 camels in one day.
【5】在本句中which引导定语从句，修饰先行词a law。在该定语从句中包含if引导的条件状语从句。
[词语积累]
①ride/ra?d/n.短途旅程；乘坐
②distance/'dist?ns/n.距离
long-distance adj.长途的(复合形容词)
distant/'d?st?nt/adj.遥远的
③get on上(车、船等)
④get off下(车、船等)
⑤more than超过；不仅仅
no more than仅仅
⑥spend vt.花时间，度过
⑦expert/'eksp??t/n.专家
⑧journey/'d???ni/n.旅程
⑨scenery/'si?n?ri/n.风景；景色
⑩desert/'dez?t/n.沙漠
desert/d?'z??t/v.遗弃；舍弃
?shine/?a?n/v.(shone，shone)照耀；发光
?look like看起来好像
?abandoned/?'b?nd?nd/adj.被遗弃的
?look out of朝……外看
?read/ri?d/v.识字，阅读。注意“看书、看报”等用read。此处read是过去式，读作/red/。
?cassette/k?'set/n.录音带
?midnight/'m?d?na?t/n.半夜
?diamond/'da??m?nd/n.钻石
?try doing sth.试着做某事
try to do sth.努力做某事
?camel/'k?ml/n.骆驼
be short for是……的缩写/简称
be short of缺少
much可以修饰形容词和副词的比较级，表示“……得多”。
for(表示对象、用途等)给，对，供
train/tre?n/vt.训练
trained在此处作定语。
supply/s?'pla?/n.储备；补给品 v．供应；供给
product/'pr?d?kt/n.产品
在“……世纪……年代”之前要加the，时间后加s或's。
not... any more不再
pass a law通过一项法律
allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事
shoot/?u?t/vt.(shot，shot)射杀
shoot at向……射击
[核心素养链接·文化采风]
The Ghan火车线是澳洲一条贯穿南北，长达2 979 km的火车观光线路。途中停靠澳洲三大城市——阿德莱德，艾丽斯斯普林斯和达尔文。不同于澳洲经典的几大旅游路线，这一条路线既没有穿越悉尼和墨尔本这两座最发达的城市，也不去往著名的凯恩斯和黄金海岸。这一条路线可以让人们了解的是澳洲最本真的内陆风貌。沙漠、巨石和旷野，三天两夜，这是一场只属于澳大利亚的狂野内陆之旅。这条于1929年开始就运行的火车线路被称为世界上最伟大的火车线路之一。
我的首次火车之旅
我叫艾丽斯·汤姆逊，来自澳大利亚的悉尼，今年18岁。不久前，我第一次乘坐了长途火车。一次多么美妙的火车之旅啊！我和一位朋友乘坐的是著名的Ghan火车。我们在悉尼上车，在澳大利亚中部的艾丽斯斯普林斯下车，它离悉尼4 000多千米远。我们在火车上度过了两天两夜。
火车棒极了，食物很好吃。我们吃的美味饭菜是由烹饪大师们做的！在最初的几百公里的旅行中，景色多姿多彩。一片片的田野，土壤是深红的，接下来是沙漠。阳光照耀着，没有风，天空中也没有云彩。突然间，时空好像发生了转变。我们看到了一些废弃的农场，这些农场建于100多年前。
火车很舒适，旅伴们也很友好。在白天，我坐着看窗外，有时和别的旅客说说话。我看看书，听听汉语磁带(我在学校学习汉语)。有一天晚上，大约是在半夜，差不多有整整一小时我都在注视夜晚的天空。星星像钻石般闪烁着。
这列火车为什么叫Ghan呢？很久以前，澳大利亚人需要一条通往国家中部的路。他们试着骑马，但那些马不喜欢炎热的天气和沙漠。150年前，他们从阿富汗带回一些骆驼。Ghan是阿富汗的缩写。
对于长途旅行，骆驼比马好得多。多年来，受过训练的骆驼驮着食物和其他物品出去，带回了羊毛与其他产品。
阿富汗人和他们的骆驼一直做着这样的事情到20世纪20年代。后来政府修建了一条新铁路，因此他们就不再需要骆驼了。1925年，他们通过了一项法律，这项法律允许人们在这种动物成为麻烦时射杀它们。1935年，警方曾在一个镇上一天内杀死了153头骆驼。
Ⅰ.根据汉语提示用本部分所学的单词填空
1．While reading we should keep a certain distance (距离) from the book to protect our eyes.
2．There was an abandoned (废弃的) house by the riverside.
3．The Great Wall runs across the desert (沙漠) over the mountains through the valleys，just like a huge dragon.
4．The thief did not know where the diamond (钻石) was hidden.
5．A gardening expert (专家) tells us how to grow plants well.
6．At midnight (午夜) you'll hear the clock strike twelve.
7．The scenery (风景) in my hometown is beautiful beyond expression.
8．I wish you a safe and pleasant journey (旅途)．
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示用本部分的短语填空
1．在完成练习之前，你不应该参考答案。
You ought not to refer_to the answer before you finish the exercise.
2．两个都在上个世纪中期再次开始腾飞。
Both began to take_off again in the middle of the last century.
3．尽一切办法说服他来。
Try by all_means to persuade him to come.
4．你认为这样的好天气能持续多久？
How long do you think this fine weather will_last?
5．《屈原》是郭沫若写的一部历史剧。
Qu Yuan is a historical play written_by Guo Moruo.
6．博客是牛蛙的简称。我听说我们现在在因特网上可受欢迎了。
Blog is short_for Bullfrog. I hear we're popular on the Internet now.
7．她再也不想出去了。
She did not feel like going out any_more.
8．直到昨天晚上我才意识到我错了。
It is not_until last night that I realized that I was wrong.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
阅读下面课文缩写材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Alice Thompson is a girl from Sydney Australia. She had her first long 1. distance (distant) train ride at the age of 18. Together with a friend she got 2.on the famous Ghan train in Sydney and got off in Alice Springs. During the two days and nights they ate meals 3.cooked (cook) by experts and saw fields desert and 4.abandoned (abandon) farms. In the daytime Alice talked to other passengers and read some books. At night she watched the stars in the sky 5.which/that shone like diamonds.
The train is called the Ghan which is short 6.for Afghanistan. A long time ago Australians wanted to travel to the middle of their country so they brought some trained camels from Afghanistan 7.to_carry (carry) food and other supplies and returned with wool and other 8.products (produce). They did that 9.until the 1920s when the government built a new railway line and took 10.the place of the camels.
课件77张PPT。Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading Section Ⅱ Grammar——过去分词作定语和一般过去时的时间状语
一、过去分词作定语
过去分词有两个显著的特点，即：从时间上讲，表示动作已经完成；从语态上讲，表示被动的概念，但是，如果是不及物动词的过去分词形式，则只表示时间上的过去，而没有被动意义。
1．过去分词作定语的位置
(1)单个过去分词及由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时，通常置于被修饰词之前，但修饰代词时，需要置于被修饰词之后。如：
a retired worker一位退休的工人
the given question给定的问题
qualified teachers合格的教师
everybody invited所有被邀请的人
注意：leave的过去分词left表示“剩余的，剩下”的意思时，置于被修饰词之后。如：
I have only one coin left.
我只剩下一个硬币了。
(2)过去分词短语作定语要后置，放在被修饰词之后。如：
the languages spoken in Germany在德国使用的语言
the book written in simple English用浅显的英语写成的书
2．过去分词作定语，相当于一个定语从句，但它比定语从句更简短。
过去分词短语作后置定语时，如果和中心词之间有逗号，则其可以转换成非限制性定语从句；若无逗号，则其可以转换成限制性定语从句。
I want to take away the book shown to me yesterday.
＝I want to take away the book which was shown to me yesterday.
我想带走(你)昨天给我看的那本书。
The Olympic Games first held in 776 BC did not include women competitors until 1912.
＝The Olympic Games which were first held in 776 BC did not include women competitors until 1912.
于公元前776年首次举办的奥运会直到1912年才允许女运动员参赛。
3．表示情感的动词的过去分词
有些表示情感或心理状态的过去分词已经完全形容词化，常见的这类过去分词有：disappointed(失望的)，moved(感动的)，interested(感兴趣的)，surprised(感到惊讶的)，shocked(震惊的，震撼的)，puzzled(迷惑不解的)，frightened(受惊吓的)等。如：a frightened girl一个受惊吓的女孩。
4．不及物动词的过去分词
—些不及物动词也有过去分词形式，由于不及物动词不可以直接跟宾语，所以不及物动词的过去分词作定语时只表示动作的完成，而没有被动语态的意义。如：
newly-arrived passengers刚到的旅客
fallen leaves落叶
5．过去分词常和形容词、副词或名词构成复合形容词作定语
The newly-built hotel was burnt in the fire.
新建的宾馆在火灾中被烧掉。
[考情分析]
1．过去分词作定语在高考题中频频出现，主要从过去分词与现在分词、不定式作定语的区别的角度来设题。
2．一般过去时是英语中最基本的时态之一，常用于描述过去发生过的事。试题常见于语法填空、短文改错、完成句子及书面表达中。
[即时训练]
Ⅰ.单句填空
1．Most people invited (invite) to the ball were famous stars.
2．This famous novel written (write) by Mr. Smith is worth reading.
3．The question discussed (discuss) yesterday was about pollution.
4．He didn't_go (not go) to bed until 12 o'clock.
5．He caught (catch) a bad cold last week.
6．It was raining lightly when I arrived (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn't care.
7．While making great efforts to run away she fell (fall) over the hill and died.
8．When I was a child I hoped to live in the city. I thought (think) I would be happy there.
9．As I told (tell) you last time I made three new friends here.
10．It has been ten years since I graduated (graduate) from the university.
11．This was (be) the first time that I had been here.
12．Yang Zhenning lived (live) in America for many years and now he lives in China.
13．Hardly had the match started when we arrived (arrive)．
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．The book written_by_a_farmer (一个农民写的) is very popular.
2．The problem discussed_at_the_meeting_yesterday (在昨天的会议上讨论的) was very difficult to solve.
3．The window broken_by_that_naughty_boy (被那个顽皮的男孩儿打破的) is being repaired.
4．The children examined_in_the_hospital_yesterday (昨天在医院检查的) were seriously ill.
5．The people exposed_to_the_sunlight (暴露在阳光下的) got sunburnt.
6.The boy punished_seriously_by_the_teacher (受到老师严重惩罚的) is now a college student.
7．The water sent_to_his_home (送到他家的) carried disease.
8．The English today is quite different from the English spoken_300_years_ago (300年前所说的)．
9．Most of the artists invited_to_the_party (被邀请去参加聚会的) were from South Africa.
10．The students inspired_by_the_teacher (受到老师鼓舞的) worked harder than ever before.
二、用于一般过去时态的时间状语
1．一般过去时表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。这时常与always usually often sometimes never等时间状语连用。
When I was a child I often played football in the street.
当我是个孩子时，我经常在街上踢足球。
I always got up late and never had enough time for breakfast.
我总是起床很晚，从来没有足够的时间吃早饭。 2.一般过去时表示在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有yesterday last week an hour ago the other day in 1982等。
Where did you go just now?
你刚才去哪里了？
3．一般过去时也可与today this week in the old days during... when引导的时间状语从句，recently until... since＋时间点等时间状语连用。
They recently moved to a new house.
不久前他们搬进了新居。
During his middle school years he often went for the competition.
他在中学时代经常参加竞赛。
I saw him today.
我今天见过他。
Ⅰ.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空
1．Prices of daily goods bought (buy) online are lower than store prices.
2．The glass of water is too hot. I prefer some cold boiled (boil) water.
3．From your disappointed (disappoint) voice I have to say that is a piece of disappointing (disappoint) news.
4．A letter posted (post) yesterday will probably reach her tomorrow.
5．The lost (lose) boy was last seen playing near the East Lake.
6．Suddenly there appeared a young girl dressed (dress) in white.
7．He caught (catch) a bad cold last week.
8．We held (hold) a basketball match the day before yesterday.
9．I woke (wake) up and found (find) it was eight o'clock.
10．She got (get) up early when she was young.
Ⅱ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
I thought that I had great skills in 1.________ (deal) with kids so I applied for a job to teach kids. The day of my interview was also my first day of work.My first mistake led to my first lesson.Don't try to make 2.________ (friend) with managers but be respectful. After going through some work with 3.________ couple of kids I learned I was not as good as I thought I was and it was 4.________ (good) to ask for help than do what you thought was right.
A few days after work feeling pressured to do a good job I found repetition 5.________ (make) it more comfortable. It wasn't long 6.________ I learned how to develop respectful relationships with my bosses and what tone of voice to use with kids. I started sounding more confident 7.________ (realize) that the more confident you sound the more 8.________ seems that you know what you are doing.
What surprised me most after a few months was how little money I had spent. Money from working long hours seemed to be more valuable to me than money 9.________ (give) by my parents. I kept it firmly in my hands and suddenly shopping was a 10.________ (total) different experience. The cost of items translated into how many hours I needed to work to pay for it.
【语篇解读】 利用你的假期闲暇时间，找一份临时工作，不仅能增加你的收入，而且能锻炼你的性格，使你成为一个独立性更强的人。
1．答案与解析：dealing 考查动词形式。此句中的in是介词，其后接动词时需用动名词形式，故用dealing。
2．答案与解析：friends 考查名词。表达“与某人交朋友”需用make friends with。
3．答案与解析：a 考查冠词。此处表达“几个孩子”之意，需用a couple of。
4．答案与解析：better 考查比较级。后面的than暗示了此处用比较级，good的比较级形式是better。
5．答案与解析：made 考查时态。本文是叙述过去的事情，需用一般过去时，故用made。
6．答案与解析：before 考查固定句型。此处表达不久就学会了如何处理跟老板的关系，故用before it was not long before...表示“不久就……”。误解分析：如果不结合语境，很容易错误写出until答案，误认为是not... until...搭配。
7．答案与解析：realizing 现在分词短语作伴随状语。
8．答案与解析：it 考查代词。It seems that...为固定句型。
9．答案与解析：given 考查非谓语动词。money与give之间在逻辑上是被动关系，需用过去分词表达被动含义，此处given by my parents作后置定语，修饰money。
10．答案与解析：totally 考查副词。其后的different是形容词，需用副词修饰。
课件26张PPT。Section Ⅱ Grammar——
过去分词作定语和一般过去时的时间状语 Section Ⅲ Integrating Skills & Cultural Corner
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．核心单词
①seaside n． 海滨
②apartment n. (美)公寓；单元住宅
③event n. 事件
④ceremony n. 仪式
⑤downtown adj. 商业区的；市中心的
2．拓展单词
①frighten vt.使吃惊；惊吓→frightening adj.令人害怕的→frightened adj.害怕的→fright n．惊吓；害怕
②interview n．&v.面试；面谈→interviewer n．(面试时的)主考官；面谈者→interviewee n．参加面试者；接受采访者
③exhausted adj.疲惫不堪的→exhausting adj.令人疲惫不堪的→exhaust vt.使疲惫不堪→exhaustion n．疲惫
3．阅读单词
①stadium n. 运动场；体育场
②kindergarten n. 幼儿园
③cartoon n. 卡通；漫画
④vacuum n. 真空；空白
⑤track n. 轨道
⑥souvenir n. 纪念品
⑦eagle n. 鹰
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．out of date 过时
2．make a film 拍电影
3．at a speed of 以……的速度
4．attend the opening ceremony 出席开幕式
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．I'm_very_sorry_but this is an old ticket.
非常抱歉，这是一张用过的票。
2．Would_you_mind_showing me your ticket?
出示一下你的车票可以吗？
3．I remember the day my father tried to teach me how_to_ride_a_bicycle.
我记得我父亲教我学自行车的那一天。
“职场”高频动词集锦
①interview 面试
②hire 雇用；租用
③employ 雇用
④resign 辞职
⑤promote 晋升
⑥fire 开除
⑦dismiss 解雇
out of 词语小结
out of date 过时
out of reach 够不着
out of place 不恰当
out of danger 脱离危险
out of control 失控
知识点详解——重点词汇、短语
1．out of date过时；过期的
【语境领悟】
*It's out of date. It's a month old.它(票)过期了，这是一个月之前的(票)。
*He wore an out-of-date hat so I could hardly recognize him.
他戴了一顶过时的帽子，因此我差一点没有认出他。
【名师点津】
(1)out of date在句中常用作表语和状语；out-of-date在句中常用作定语。
(2)“out of”为常用复合介词，表示“离开(某处)；从里面出来；由于(原因，动机)；从(若干)中；用……(材料)；缺乏(某物)；无……”。
【经典例句】
①A group of boys dashed out of the classroom.一群男孩从教室里冲出来。
②She has been out of work for a year.她已失业一年了。
【短语拓展】
set/fix a date for 为……定个日子
date from＝date back to 追溯到(不用进行时，无被动语态)
up to date 现代的；最新的；流行的
即学即练 ?
单句语法填空/单句改错
①The car is beautiful and quite up to date.
②The notice is out of the date. Let's take it down.去掉the
漫画助记
2.frighten vt. 使吃惊；惊吓
*The eagle suddenly flew in the air and frightened me.
老鹰突然飞向天空，吓了我一跳。
*He drove at a speed which frightened me to death.
他开车的速度把我吓得要死。
*The presence of the police frightened many criminals out of attempting further crimes.
警察的出现使许多犯罪分子不敢继续为非作歹。
【词汇拓展】
fright n. 惊吓
frightening adj. 令人害怕的
frightened adj. 受惊的；害怕的
【短语拓展】
frighten sb. into/out of doing sth. 把某人吓得做/不做某事
be frightened to death 吓死了
frighten away 吓跑；吓走
be frightened at/by 被某人或某物吓坏了
【经典例句】
The frightening monster frightened the man making him feel very frightened.
那个可怕的怪物使那个人受到惊吓，使他觉得非常害怕。
即学即练 ?
1.用frighten的适当形式填空
①I'm not sure who is more frightened _me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
②At that moment came a frightening noise leaving people frightened.
2．单句改错
I still remember my first day at school in London and I was excited and frightening.frightening→frightened
3．结合frighten的用法完成句子
他刚才吓唬那位女士在文件上签名。
He frighened the lady into_signing the paper just now.
3.refer to指的是；涉及；谈到；查阅；参考
【语境领悟】
*Which of them can refer to past or present actions?
它们中的哪一个可以指过去或现在的动作？
*Don't refer to this matter again please.请不要再提这件事了。
*Refer to the dictionary when you don't know how to spell a word.
当你不知道怎么拼写一个单词时，查阅一下词典。
【名师点津】
(1)在refer to中，to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词形式。
(2)refer的过去式、过去分词和现在分词都先双写“r”，再加“-ed”或“-ing”。类似的词还有prefer occur等。
【易混辨析】
refer to
“查阅”，后接词典、参考书等
look up
“查阅”，后接要查阅的具体内容
【经典例句】
I didn't understand the word so I referred to my dictionary. Unluckily I couldn't look up the word in this dictionary.
我不认识这个单词，所以我就去查词典。但不幸的是，我没有在这本词典中查到这个单词。
即学即练 ?
单句语法填空
①Don't refer to that matter again!
②The person referred (refer) to in the news is my cousin.
漫画助记
refer to a dictionary“查阅词典”
4.interview n．面试；面谈；(记者等的)采访
【语境领悟】
*Listen to part of an interview with a 90-year-old silent movie actress called Mary Lennon.
听和一位叫做玛丽·列农的90岁的无声电影演员面谈的部分录音。
*In an interview with a reporter the previous president told many jokes about himself.
前总裁在接受记者采访时讲了很多有关他自己的笑话。
【词汇拓展】
interviewer n. 主考官；采访者
interviewee n. 参加面试者；接受采访者
【短语拓展】
an interview with sb. 对某人的采访
have an interview 参加面试
interview sb. for a job 为一份工作对某人进行面试
interview sb. about sth. 就某事采访某人5.exhausted adj.疲惫不堪的
【语境领悟】
*We were exhausted. We had to get up at 4 am and we didn't go to bed until midnight.
我们疲惫不堪。我们得早晨四点起床，到半夜才睡觉。
*He soon fell asleep exhausted by the journey.
由于旅途劳累他很快就睡着了。
【词汇拓展】
exhaust vt. 使筋疲力尽；耗尽
exhaustion n. 筋疲力尽
exhausting adj. 使人疲惫不堪的；令人筋疲力尽的
【短语拓展】
exhaust sb./oneself 使某人精疲力竭
be exhausted from/by 因……而疲惫不堪
【易混辨析】 (1)exhausting现在分词形容词，作表语时，主语一般是物；作定语时，中心词具有使人疲惫的特性。
(2)exhausted过去分词形容词，作表语时，主语一般是人；作定语时，中心词自身疲惫不堪。
【经典例句】
We were exhausted by the exhausting climb up the hill.
我们因令人疲惫的爬山而精疲力竭。
即学即练 ?
结合interview的用法完成句子
①我下周要会见这家公司的经理。
I will have_an_interview with the manager of the company next week.
②上个月，我们老板因他对这座城市的巨大贡献而接受了采访。
Our boss gave_an_interview for his great contribution to the city last month.
漫画助记
He is having an interview for a job.
他正在参加一场工作面试。
即学即练 ?
用exhaust的适当形式填空
①One day mentally exhausted _I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved.
②He exhausted himself by staying up last night.
③Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has.
④They were in a state of exhaustion after climbing the mountain.
漫画助记
Although all of them were exhausted not a single man fell out.
虽然他们都很疲劳，但是没有一个人掉队。
6.event n. 事件，大事；体育赛事
【语境领悟】
She can't remember events from a long time ago.
她记不起很久以前的事情了。
【考点释义】
【易混辨析】
accident
强调偶然或意外发生的不幸事情
incident
既可指小事件或附带事件，又可指政治上具有影响的事件或事变
event
可指任何大小事件，但尤指历史上的重大事件，也可指体育赛事
affair
政治事务；公共事务；私事
即学即练 ?
选词填空：accident/incident/event/affair
①How many events are included in this game?
②He got injured in a traffic accident.
③The Xi'an Incident took place in 1936.
④Students should learn about some international affairs.
漫画助记
Her mind traveled over recent events.
她反复想着最近发生的事情。
7．reach a speed of 达到……的速度
【语境领悟】
On November 12 2003 the Maglev reached a speed of 501 kilometres per hour on the track between Longyang Station and Pudong a new world record speed for a train.2003年11月12日，这列磁悬浮列车在龙阳车站和浦东之间行驶时，速度达到了每小时501千米，创造了列车时速世界新纪录。
【短语拓展】
speed up 加速
pick up speed 加速
at full speed 全速
at a speed of... 以……的速度
【经典例句】
①The boy ran at full speed.
那个男孩全力奔跑。
②The car picked up speed and ran faster and faster.
那辆车加速，越跑越快。
即学即练 ?
单句语法填空
①The car is running at a speed of 100 kilometers an hour.
②Job losses are speeding up.
温馨提示：
speed 的过去式和过去分词一样，为sped或speeded。
漫画助记
The train began to pick up speed.
火车开始加速。
知识点详解——重点句型
1．What_do_you_think_of the ticket inspector's attitude?
你认为这位售票员的态度怎么样？
【句式分析】
这是一个简单句。What do you think of...是一个固定句式，表示“你认为……怎么样？”，用来询问对待某人或某事的观点。
*What do you think of the journey last week?
你认为上周的旅行怎么样？
*What do you think of the interviewee? Is he fit for the job?
你认为这位求职者怎么样？他适合做这项工作吗？
*What do you think of the name of China's first moon rover Yutu?
你认为中国第一台月球车——“玉兔号”的名字怎么样？
【名师点津】
在英语中询问对某人或某事的观点的句式还有：
How do you like/feel/find somebody/something？
即学即练 ?
一句多译
你认为这套公寓怎么样？
①What_do_you_think_of_the_apartment? (think)
②How_do_you_like_the_apartment? (like)
③How_do_you_feel_the_apartment? (feel)
④How_do_you_find_the_apartment? (find)
2.Would_you_mind_if I saw your ticket?
你介意我看看你的票吗？
【句式分析】
(1)该句为复合句，是一个向对方寻求意见的常用表达句式。
(2)Would/Do you mind...？可以译为“倘若……你不介意吧？”，“请你……好吗？”，“你能不能……？”。
(3)对此句式的回答往往不能直接用yes或no，而要委婉地表明原因，且yes表示介意，no表示不介意。
*Would you mind if I came with you?
我和你一起去你不介意吧？
*Would you mind waiting outside?
你在外面等好吗？
*Would you mind shutting up for a minute?
你能不能闭嘴安静一会儿？
即学即练 ?
单句语法填空
①Would you mind me sharing (share) the table with you?
②Would you mind if I put my books here？
The Maglev① — the Fastest Train in the World
The fastest train in the world the Transrapid Maglev 【1】，runs② between Shanghai's Pudong Airport and Longyang Station in downtown③ Shanghai. Travelling at a speed of④ over 400 kilometres per⑤ hour 【2】， the train can complete⑥ the 30-kilometre journey in eight minutes.
【1】the Transrapid Maglev作The fastest train的同位语。
【2】现在分词短语Travelling... hour作状语。
Maglev means⑦ “magnetically⑧ levitated⑨”. The Transrapid Maglev is the world's first hight-speed train using magnetic levitation technology 【3】. Magnetically levitated trains travel in a vacuum⑩ between two magnets?. There are no rails? and no noise. They travel very fast and they use less energy.
【3】现在分词短语using... technology作定语，相当于that uses... technology
On December 31 2002 Premier Zhu Rongji and the German chancellor? attended? the opening ceremony? of the train service. Both leaders took the train to? Pudong Airport.
On November 12 2003 the Maglev reached a speed of 501 kilometres per hour on the track? between Longyang Station and Pudong a new world record speed 【4】 for a train.
【4】a new world record speed是前面501 kilometres per hour的同位语。
[词语积累]
①maglev/'m?glev/n.磁力悬浮火车
②run v．跑；使(交通工具)运行
③downtown/?da?n'ta?n/adj.商业区的；市中心的
④at a speed of以……的速度
⑤per/p?(r)/prep.每(相当于every)
⑥complete vt.完成，结束 adj.完全的
⑦mean v．意思是；意味着
⑧magnetically/m?g'netikli/adv.有磁性地
⑨levitate/'lev?te?t/v.使飘浮
⑩vacuum/'v?kj??m/n.真空；空白
?magnet/'m?gn?t/n.磁铁
?rail/re?l/n.铁轨
?chancellor/'t?ɑ?ns?l?(r)/n.(德国或奥地利的)总理
?attend /?'tend/v.出席，参加
?ceremony/'ser?m?ni/n.仪式
the opening ceremony开幕式
?take the train to...乘坐开往……的火车
?track/tr?k/n.轨道
【核心素养链接·文化采风】
中国仅有两个开通磁悬浮列车的城市，一个是上海，但很多人不知道的是，中国第二个开通磁悬浮列车的城市是长沙，2016年5月已经开通，全长18.55千米，从黄花机场开往高铁南站，时速为100千米，是中国首条拥有完全自主知识产权的中低速磁悬浮列车。
磁悬浮列车——世界上最快的列车
世界上最快的列车，超速磁悬浮列车，运行于上海浦东机场与上海市中心的龙阳火车站之间。列车以每小时400多千米的速度前进，在8分钟内就能完成30千米的路程。
磁悬浮的意思是“磁力悬浮”。超速磁悬浮列车是世界上第一列使用磁悬浮技术的高速列车。磁悬浮列车在两磁铁的空间穿行，没有铁轨，也没有噪音。它们运行得很快，使用的能源更少。
2002年12月31日，朱镕基总理与德国首相参加了通车的开幕式。两位领导人乘火车到了浦东机场。
2003年11月12日，这列磁悬浮列车在龙阳火车站与浦东机场间的轨道上的时速达到了501千米，创造了火车时速的新的世界纪录。
Ⅰ.根据汉语释义写出单词的正确形式
1．Don't frighten (吓唬) her. She is just a little girl.
2．The magazine has an interview (采访) with the couple.
3．We felt quite exhausted (疲惫的) with the hard job.
4．Many people including some grown-ups enjoy watching cartoon (卡通) plays.
5．It was a pity that his father couldn't attend his wedding ceremony (典礼)．
6．His grandparents don't like to live in the downtown (市中心的) area and have decided to live in the countryside.
7．We moved to a smaller apartment (公寓) near the school for our children.
8．This ancient city saw many important events (事件) in history.
9．My mother works in a kindergarten (幼儿园) and she likes working with children.
10．The stadium (体育场) was full of people because of the final baseball game.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．关于软件的信息很快就过时了。
The information about the software quickly becomes out_of_date.
2．那甜蜜的笑仿佛感染了我，令我第一次对他笑了。
That sweet smile just took me away. I smiled back at him for the first time.
3．就在一个月前，我访问过那所大学。
Just one month ago I paid a visit_to that university.
4．大胆地正视这一局面需要很大的勇气。
It takes a great deal of courage to_face the situation bravely.
5．这辆车以每小时100千米的速度行驶。
This car is running at_a_speed of 100 km/h.
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面课文缩写材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
One day a lonely girl was walking in the woods 1.________ she found two starving songbirds. She took the birds home and put them in a small cage. She cared for them with love and the birds grew 2.________ (strong). Every morning they greeted her with 3.________ wonderful song.The girl showed great love for the birds.
One day the girl left the door to the cage open. The 4.________ (large) of the two birds flew from the cage. The girl was 5.________ (frighten) that he would fly away. As he flew close she grasped him wildly. She was glad at her success in catching him. Suddenly she felt the bird go limp (柔软的). She opened her hand only to find him 6.________ (die). Her desperate love 7.________ (kill) him.
She noticed the other bird moving back and forth on the edge of the cage. She could feel his great need for freedom. She flew him into the air. Her heart was no longer 8.________ (concern) with her loss. After some time the bird flew towards her and landed softly on her shoulder. It sang the sweetest melody 9.________ she had ever heard.
The worst way 10.________ (lose) love is to hold on it too tightly while the best way to keep love is to give it wings!
1．答案与解析：when 考查固定句型。was doing... when...“正在做某事，这时发生了另一件事”。
2．答案与解析：stronger 句意：她尽心地照顾这两只鸟，它们变得越来越强壮了。此处用比较级stronger。
3．答案与解析：a 考查冠词。a wonderful song泛指“一首美妙的歌曲”。
4．答案与解析：larger 考查比较级。the larger of...是指两者当中比较大的一只鸟。
5．答案与解析：frightened 考查形容词。frightened感到害怕的，是指女孩的感受。
6．答案与解析：dead 考查形容词。dead是形容词作宾补。
7．答案与解析：killed 考查时态。句意：她的不顾一切的爱杀死了这只鸟。
8．答案与解析：concerned 句意：她不再因为它们的离去而忧心忡忡。be concerned with “对……关心或关注”。
9．答案与解析：that 考查定语从句。先行词是the sweetest melody，引导词在从句中作宾语。
10．答案与解析：to lose 考查非谓语动词。不定式to lose作定语。
技巧点拨
1．明确主题：按旅游时间的长短一般可以分为短期旅游和长期旅游；按地域可以分为国内游和国外游；
2．明确文章类型和时态：游记通常为记叙文，常用一般过去时；
3．掌握游记的要素：游览的地点、交通工具、在每个景点的活动、自己的感受；
4．文章结构要清晰：注意按时间或地点的顺序，将文章的要素有机地结合起来；
5．注意：游记中要表达出作者的情感和看法。
常用表达
1．I want to take a one-day sightseeing tour around the city.
我想参加城市一日游。
2．Could you recommend some places for sightseeing?
你能推荐一些观光的去处吗？
3．Can you tell me something about this city?
你能告诉我一些关于这座城市的信息吗？
4．What's the cost of the tour?
这个旅行得花多少钱？
写作指导 游记
[写作任务]
假设你是李华，上周你和父母参加了某旅行社组织的上海三日游活动。请根据表格内容用英语写一篇游记。
行程
活动内容
第一天
参观东方明珠塔及外滩；乘观光游轮夜游黄浦江。
第二天
浏览上海迪士尼主题乐园。
第三天
市内游玩；购物。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：
东方明珠塔the Oriental Pearl Tower 外滩the Bund 游轮cruise ship 迪士尼乐园Disneyland
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[写作步骤]
一、审题定调
本习作要求写一篇以记录行程为主的记叙型游记。
此类写作应注意以下几点：1.按浏览的顺序或时间来写；2.写出景物的特点；3.适当抒发自己的情感或发表自己的看法。
游记类作文中的时态以过去时为主，人称多用第一人称。
二、谋篇布局
本篇习作可分为以下三部分：
第一部分：简述旅行概况(上周和父母参加了上海三日游活动)；
第二部分：描述旅游过程及所见所闻(具体的三日行活动介绍)；
第三部分：表达旅行感受(对上海之旅的评价)。
三、组织语言
第一部分：简述旅行概况。
普通表达
高级表达
·Last week... visited/paid a visit to...
·... stayed there for three days.
Last week... made a three-day tour of.../went on a three-day holiday to...
第二部分：描述旅游过程及所见所闻。
普通表达
高级表达
·As soon as our plane reached... we went straight to visit...
·After lunch we went to... There we saw...
·After supper we enjoyed the beautiful night scenes of... on a cruise ship.
·The next day we visited... and spent a happy day taking part in lots of exciting activities.
·On the third day we were showed around... and did some shopping.
·On our flight's arrival we headed straight for...
·After lunch we went to... where we were impressed by...
·After supper we admired the fascinating night scenes of... from a cruise ship.
·The next day we visited... and had much fun there participating in many thrilling activities.
·On the third day we went on a sightseeing tour of... and purchased...
第三部分：表达旅行感受。
普通表达
高级表达
·We were tired but our trip to... was really unforgettable.
·I won't ever regret doing it.
·Exhausted as we were it was worth it.
·Not only did it entertain me but it also broadened my horizon.
[范文展示]
普通范文
Last week my parents and I visited Shanghai. We stayed there for three days.
As soon as our plane reached Shanghai we went straight to visit the Oriental Pearl Tower. After lunch we went to the Bund. There we saw many different style buildings. After supper，we enjoyed the beautiful night scenes of Huangpu River on a cruise ship. The next day we visited Shanghai Disneyland and spent a happy day taking part in lots of exciting activities. On the third day we were showed around the streets and did some shopping.
We were tired but our trip to Shanghai was really unforgettable. I won't ever regret doing it.
高级范文
Last week my parents and I made a three-day tour of Shanghai. On our flight's arrival，we headed straight for the Oriental Pearl Tower. After lunch we went to the Bund where we were impressed by a wide variety of buildings. After supper we admired the fascinating night scenes of Huangpu River from a cruise ship. The next day we visited Shanghai Disneyland and had much fun there participating in many thrilling activities. On the third day we went on a sightseeing tour of the streets and purchased some souvenir gifts.
Exhausted as we were it was worth it. Not only did it entertain me but it also broadened my horizons.
实战演练
假定你是李华，7月15日(星期日)你随团去山西省平遥参观。请根据以下提示写一篇100词左右的英文旅游日记。
1．欣赏由王潮歌导演的著名实景演出；
2．参观世界文化遗产——平遥古城；
3．品尝当地小吃。
注意：
1．词数100左右(开头已给出，但不计入总词数)；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：
实景演出live-action performance
世界文化遗产 World Cultural Heritage Site
平遥古城Pingyao Ancient City
July 15 SundaySunny
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
July 15 SundaySunny
Today we were very pleased to visit one of the most beautiful cities in Shanxi — Pingyao.
After arriving we appreciated a famous live-action performance directed by Wang Chaoge which left us with a deep impression of a touching story that happened during the late Qing Dynasty. The second scenic spot we visited was Pingyao Ancient City. As a World Cultural Heritage Site it is an ancient city with a history of over 2 700 years in which many traditions are still kept by the people living in it. We walked along the main street to discover more about this city. Exploring a variety of goods in shops and tasting delicious local foods made us completely relaxed.
What an unforgettable trip!
课件79张PPT。Section Ⅲ Integrating Skills
& Cultural Corner 课时作业7 Module 3 Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The train is full of passengers (乘客)．
2．They must have new markets for their products.
3．He was wandering in the deserted street.
4．The sun shining (照耀) there was no wind and no clouds in the sky.
5．I watched the train until it disappeared in the distance (远处)．
6．Who will be responsible for the expedition's supplies?
7．They worked the whole night only with a break at midnight.
8．The natural scenery in that area attracts many visitors.
9．The abandoned (被遗弃的) house was torn down.
10．I was surprised to see so recent (最近的) a movie on television.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Children should be_trained (train) from an early age in table manners.
2．The bus broke down and all the passengers had to get off.
3．He was abandoned (abandon) by his father when he was three months old.
4．The distance (distant) from the farm to the town is five kilometers.
5．They came here in search of new markets for their products (produce)．
6．I didn't sleep until midnight last night for drinking too much black coffee.
7．He was_shot (shoot) in the back while trying to escape.
8．What fine weather it is today!
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Cycling on Ireland's West Coast
Don't worry if you're not a sporty kind. Our cycling trip is relaxing and easy. The leader drives a car which carries your bags and provides support if needed. But remember you should ride with group members. The group size is usually 9-12.
DAY 1 — The Cliffs of Moher (莫赫悬崖)
Cycling a relaxed 32 km on our first day we visit Ennistymon a fine example of an Irish country town with many coloured shop fronts and traditional stone buildings. Then we continue to the seaside towns of Lahinch and Liscannor before we climb to the top of the Cliffs of Moher. These are some of the highest sea cliffs in Europe. The day ends in Doolin where three pubs (酒吧) play the best Irish music!
DAY 2 — The Burren National Park
Covering 48 km on our second day the highlight (最精彩的部分) is a wonderful coastal ride with the Atlantic Ocean on one side and the hills of the Burren on the other. On our way we stop at the lovely beach at Fanore. The day ends at Ballyvaughan a pretty village on the coast from where we plan to visit the Ceile in Kilfenora — the home of Irish dancing.
【语篇解读】 本文是应用文。文章是一则关于环爱尔兰西海岸骑行的旅游指南。
1．What should you do if you take part in the activity?
A．Be strong enough.
B．Have a competitive spirit.
C．Cycle with group members.
D．Carry everything on your bike.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。由第一段中的“remember you should ride with group members”可知，这个活动要求骑行者以团队为单位。
2．Where can you find many shops with coloured fronts?
A．Doolin. B．Lahinch.
C．Liscannor. D．Ennistymon.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。由DAY 1的活动安排“we visit Ennistymon... country town with many coloured shop fronts”可知，游客在Ennistymon会看到很多外墙被涂成彩色的商铺。
3．What will you do on the second day?
A．Ride more.
B．Play Irish music.
C．Climb the sea cliffs.
D．Have a night at Fanore.
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。对比这两天的行程安排Cycling a relaxed 32 km on our first day和Covering 48 km on our second day可知，第二天的骑行距离更远一些。
B
Ya Ting had taken me under her wing after hearing me speaking Chinese in a hotel in Lijiang.She had been hitchhiking (搭便车旅行) around China for months. She invited me to travel with her which was how we ended up on the side of the road looking for a ride to the Tiger Leapin Gorge. Within 20 minutes we had our first ride. The driver couldn't take us all the way and ended up dropping us at a freeway crossroads. As a new hitchhiker I thought that would be the end of our luck but almost immediately we got another ride.
Our most unforgettable ride was when a twenty-something kid picked us up. He couldn't take us the whole way so his uncle bought us lunch and a bus ticket for the rest of the journey. He felt it was his duty to help us find a way to complete our trip. It brought tears of joy and thankfulness to my eyes This was the first time I understood how guests are respected (受尊重) in China.
A few weeks later we said goodbye. I thought we had been so lucky because we had been a local (本地人) and a foreigner traveling together. But now Ya Ting was no longer around to do the talking nor did I have someone to depend on if something went wrong. When I stood by a highway in Sichuan I knew all about the difficulties before me. Now I was just a strange foreigner on her own who suddenly had to manage with poor Chinese.
After about 30 minutes a couple picked me up and took me the whole eight hours to Chengdu. We ate lunch on the way and they refused to allow me to pay for any of it which I had come to learn was typical (特有的) of Chinese culture. This made me believe that people weren't being friendly because of Ya Ting.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章是一名外国女士描述她在中国搭便车旅行的经历。
4．What do the author and Ya Ting have in common?
A．They both are foreigners.
B．They both live in Lijiang.
C．They both are hitchhikers.
D．They both speak Chinese well.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。由第一段中作者对Ya Ting的描述“She had been hitchhiking around China for months”和对她自己的描述“As a new hitchhiker”可知，她俩都是搭便车旅行者。
5．What can we learn about the author's trip to the Tiger Leaping Gorge?
A．It was rather tiring. B．It was very smooth.
C．It was full of danger. D．It was heart-breaking.
答案与解析：B 推理判断题。由作者在前两段描述她们去虎跳峡搭便车的经历“Within 20 minutes we had our first ride... almost immediately we got another ride... Our most unforgettable ride”可知，作者和Ya Ting很幸运地搭上不同的便车到达虎跳峡。由此可推断，她们的这趟旅行很顺利。
6．What was the main cause of the author's difficulties mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A．She lost her way.
B．She had little money left.
C．She was unable to find her friend.
D．She was a lone foreign traveler in China.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。由第三段中的“Now I was just a strange foreigner on her own who suddenly had to manage with poor Chinese”可知，与Ya Ting分手后，作者面临的困难是：她是一名独自在中国搭便车旅行的外国人。
7．What did the couple do when taking the author to Chengdu?
A．They dropped her halfway.
B．They lent her some money.
C．They offered her a free lunch.
D．They taught her about Chinese culture.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。由最后一段中的“We ate lunch on the way and they refused to allow me to pay for any of it”可知，这对中国夫妇免费请作者吃了顿午饭。
Ⅳ.七选五
Simple ways to improve your written English
Many people think it is really difficult to improve (提高) their writing in English. Don't worry though. Here are some simple steps that you can take to improve your written English.
● Increase your vocabulary.
To express yourself clearly you need a good active vocabulary. That's not just being able to know lots of words — it means actually being able to use them correctly. __1__
Tip (建议): When you learn a new word try to learn all the forms of that word.
●__2__
People often say that we learn to write best by reading. Reading in English is useful in many ways. It is a great way to get an idea of the different styles of writing and see how to use words properly.
Tip: __3__ Learning shouldn't be boring. Read each text several times to make sure you understand how to use new words and expressions in the text.
● Improve your grammar.
Grammar is very important because it improves the quality (质量) of your writing.
Tip: __4__ The first time look for general mistakes and the second time look for mistakes with the grammar point you are studying at the moment.
● Just do it!
The best way to improve your writing is to get a pen and paper and write. Be prepared to write several versions (版本) of each text. __5__
A．Know your readers.
B．Read widely and often.
C．Always check your writing twice.
D．Remember practice makes perfect!
E．Choose books or articles that interest you.
F．Use simpler language and shorter sentences to show your ideas.
G．Do this by learning new words with example sentences not just word lists.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了几种提高英文写作的简单方法。
1．答案与解析：G G项中的“learning new words with example sentences”与该空前的“it means actually being able to use them correctly”相呼应。本段是说增加词汇量并不仅仅是知道单词的意思，而是要懂其用法。
2．答案与解析：B 由下文解释的“get an idea of the different styles of writing and see how to use words properly”可知，本段讲阅读对写作的帮助，故选B项。
3．答案与解析：E 由上文的“learn to write best by reading”和该空后的“Learning shouldn't be boring”可知，阅读有助于写作，但要选择那些让你感兴趣的书籍或文章，故选E项。
4．答案与解析：C C项中的“check your writing twice”与该空后的“The first time... general mistakes”和“the second time... mistakes with the grammar point”相呼应。
5．答案与解析：D 由本段小标题Just do it！和下文中的“get a pen and paper and write. Be prepared to write several versions of each text”可知，想要提高写作就要多动笔写，俗话说得好，熟能生巧。
课时作业8 Module 3 Section Ⅱ Grammar——过去分词
作定语和一般过去时的时间状语
Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．The building built (build) last year is for us teachers.
2．Mr. Black tired of the boring (bore) speech started to read a novel.
3．America is a developed (develop) country. On the contrary China is a developing (develop) one so we must develop our country as fast as possible.
4．If you want to improve your spoken (speak) English you must practise speaking English every day.
5．Who is cooking in the kitchen? I smell something burning (burn)．
6．Don't use words expressions or phrases known (know) only to people with specific knowledge.
7．Everything will be done as planned (plan) if nothing unexpected (expect) turns up.
8．Lessons learnt (learn) easily are soon forgotten.
9．The part played (play) by women in our society is very important.
10．The lost (lose) watch has not been found yet.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The two men standing (stand) over there heard every word we said.
2．Why do you stand and watch the milk boiling (boil) over?
3．Lost (lose) in thought he almost ran into the car in front of him.
4．What's the language spoken (speak) in Germany?
5．They keep on sending (send) us letters.
6．When did you get your bedroom painted (paint)?
7．The murderer was brought in with his hands tied (tie) behind his back.
8．Given (give) more attention the trees could have grown better.
9．A new factory is to_be_built (build) very soon.
10．— By the way Mary sends (send) her best wishes.
— Oh that's very nice of her.
11．The professor told us not_to_touch (not touch) the bottles in the cupboard.
12．Although the fire was finally put out the forest was_destroyed (destroy)．
13．Trees are_planted (plant) every year and the city is becoming cleaner and greener.
14．More money will_be_spent (spend) on this project in the next few years.
15．I often hear the song sung (sing) in English.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
It has been described as art by some people but to others it's an ugly part of modern life. What is it? Graffiti (涂鸦) of course. Look around cities in the UK today and you can see graffiti on buildings walls doors and even on buses or trains that have stayed in one place for too long. But where modern technology creates a problem it also finds a way to deal with it. Last week The Weekend West was shown around the factory of a small but successful company (公司) Hubdean.
Hubdean's achievement is some special paints which are graffiti-resistant. How do they work? It couldn't be simpler. Take any graffiti-covered surface. First a treatment called Agproclear is used. Then using a very hot pressure jet (压力喷嘴) this treatment is taken away and the graffiti disappears at the same time. Now you have a clean wall. But before this clean wall can be painted on by graffiti lovers a new product Agproshield is used. This paint has a special surface which gives it two important advantages. Firstly spray paint (喷雾颜料) won't stick to the surface very well and secondly the whole surface can be cleaned very easily just using water. Once the surface is painted no specialist equipment (设备) is needed to keep the area clean and graffiti-free.
Not surprisingly Hubdean's products are used by both local governments and private companies all over the UK and now orders are being received from around the world. This brings the company a problem however. Can they increase production to satisfy the needs? Of course they can build a second factory or work with a large international company to make their products. The future is looking good for Hubdean!
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了一家名为Hubdean的公司生产出可以解决城市涂鸦问题的材料。
1．What does the underlined word “graffiti-resistant” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Painting graffiti. B．Keeping graffiti.
C．Preventing graffiti. D．Changing graffiti.
答案与解析：C 词义猜测题。由画线词后提到Agproclear和Agproshield的使用方法，尤其是其功效the graffiti disappears和the whole surface can be cleaned very easily... keep the area clean and graffiti-free可知，Hubdean研发的这两种特殊涂料可以去除涂鸦。
2．When should Agproshield be used?
A．Before Agproclear is used.
B．When the wall is still clean.
C．When Agproclear doesn's work.
D．After graffiti is painted on the wall.
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。第二段描述了Agproclear和Agproshield的使用方法。由其中的before this clean wall can be painted on by graffiti lovers... Agproshield is used可知，在墙面被涂鸦之前，先使用Agproshield这种特殊涂料，这样当墙面被涂鸦之后用水就可以把涂鸦去掉。
3．What can we learn about Hubdean?
A．There is a good market for its products.
B．A large company is going to buy its products.
C．It is developing more new and better products.
D．Most of its business comes from private companies.
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。由第三段中的“now orders are being received from around the world”可知，Hubdean公司的产品非常有市场。
4．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Is Hubdean Successful?
B．Is Graffiti Art? Of course not!
C．Hubdean a High-tech Company?
D．Graffiti a Problem? Just Wash It Off!
答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。本文旨在介绍一家名为Hubdean的公司生产出抗涂鸦涂料。D项标题与本文主旨句“where modern technology creates a problem it also finds a way to deal with it”相呼应。
Ⅳ.完形填空
I took my son to a popular restaurant for a lunchtime treat. And it seems everyone else had the same __1__. The place was full of __2__！
I drove around the small parking lot (停车场) for 10 minutes __3__ a spot (位置). Finally I __4__ one. A lady was returning to her car so I __5__ her and waited patiently. As I did this I looked in my rear vision mirror (后视镜) and __6__ young man quickly pull up behind me. As soon as he saw my indicator (转向灯) on for the spot he seemed very __7__ and began hitting his steering wheel (方向盘). I knew this wasn't directed at me but at the disappointment that he had __8__ a spot. I felt his __9__. I too had been __10__ the place for ages.
As the lady left I __11__ something that surprised even me. I turned off my indicator and drove straight past. I let the man __12__ the spot.
The man behind me was __13__， unsure what to do. __14__ I lowered my window and gave him a(n) __15__ to take it calling out at the same time “It's yours.”
I __16__ driving further down the road to another car park where although I had to walk quite a bit further I was __17__ I could. Perhaps the man couldn't walk easily as his __18__ wasn't as good as mine? I will __19__ know. But I knew the spot __20__ more to him than it did to me when I saw him react the way he did.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。作者在停车场等待了很久终于找到了一个车位，然而当看到紧随其后的一名司机因为没抢到车位的失望表现时，作者决定将车位让给他。
1．A.experience B．dream
C．idea D．chance
答案与解析：C 由“the same”可知，设空处指“to a popular restaurant for a lunchtime treat”这一想法，故填idea。
2．A.people B．noise
C．pleasure D．peace
答案：A
3. A．calling for B．looking for
C．asking for D．paying for
答案：B
4．A.borrowed B．found
C．bought D．accepted
答案与解析：B 由上文中的“it seems everyone else had the same”以及文中的“I drove around the small parking lot for 10 minutes”可知，这个地方“人(people)”很多，“我”在停车场绕了十分钟想“找(looking for)”个车位，最后终于“找到(found)”一个。
5．A.followed B．helped
C．guided D．met
答案与解析：A 由本句中的“A lady was returning to her car”以及“waited patiently”可知，“我”“跟着(followed)”她，耐心地等待着。
6．A.suggested B．noticed
C．made D．required
答案与解析：B 由本句中的“I looked in my rear vision mirror”可知，“我”“注意到(noticed)”一名年轻的男子快速地在“我”后面停下车。
7．A.serious B．interested
C．angry D．careful
答案与解析：C 由本句中的“As soon as he saw my indicator on for the spot”以及“began hitting his steering wheel”可知，这名男子似乎很“生气(angry)”。
8．A.refused B．chosen
C．reached D．missed
答案与解析：D 由上文中的“As soon as he saw my indicator on for the spot”以及“I knew this wasn't directed at me”可知，这名男子之所以有这种表现是因为他“错过(missed)”了一个车位，感到很失望。
9．A.fear B．pain
C．courage D．wish
答案：B
10．A.circling B．protecting
C．keeping D．changing
答案与解析：A 由上文中的“I drove around the small parking lot for 10 minutes... a spot”可知，“我”能感受到他的“痛苦(pain)”，因为“我”也在这个地方“绕了(circling)”许久才找到一个车位。
11．A.saw B．heard
C．did D．said
答案与解析：C 由下文中的“I turned off my indicator and drove straight past”可知，“我”“做了(did)”一件让自己都感到惊讶的事。
12．A.search B．pass
C．leave D．have
答案与解析：D 由上文中的“I turned off my indicator and drove straight past”以及下文的“I lowered my window... calling out at the same time ”“It's yours.”可知，“我”让这名男子“占用(have)”那个车位。
13．A.worried B．surprised
C．tired D．pleased
答案与解析：B 由本句中的“unsure what to do”可知，这名男子很“惊讶(surprised)”。
14．A.But B．So
C．Again D．Still
答案与解析：B “The man behind me was... unsure what to do”与“I lowered my window... calling out at the same time” “It's yours.”之间是因果关系，故填So。
15．A.sign B．order
C．reason D．promise
答案与解析：A 由上文中的“I let the man... the spot”以及本句中的“I lowered my window and... calling out at the same time” “It's yours.”可知，“我”摇下车窗，“示意他(gave him a sign)”使用那个车位。
16．A.stopped B．minded
C．gave up D．ended up
答案与解析：D 由下文中的“although I had to walk quite a bit further”可知，“我”“后来(ended up)”开车到一个较远些的停车场。end up意为“最终成为；最后处于”。
17．A.hopeful B．sorry
C．thankful D．afraid
答案与解析：C 由本句中的“I had to walk quite a bit further”以及下文中的“Perhaps the man couldn't walk easily”可知，此处指虽然“我”得走一段路，但“我”很“感激(thankful)”自己可以走路。
18．A.job B．car
C．luck D．health
答案与解析：D 由“Perhaps the man couldn't”可知，“我”在猜想也许他的“身体状况(health)”不如“我”。
19．A.seldom B．never
C．surely D．often
答案与解析：B 由下文中的“But I knew”可知，此处表示“我”将“不会(never)”知道。
20．A.proved B．brought
C．showed D．meant
答案与解析：D 结合全文可知，“我”将自己等了许久找到的车位让给那名男子，因为“我”知道那个车位对他来说“更重要(meant more)”。
Ⅴ.语法填空
Australia was always a country I wanted to visit so I saved up some money and 1.________ (take) the plane for Australia at 2.________ end of the school term.
It was strange when I arrived. It was the start of winter! Happily for me the weather was still hot and sunny though 3.________ also took me a while to get used to the time difference.
The country is 4.________ (true) beautiful full of wildlife you wouldn't find anywhere else in the world. I visited a koala sanctuary (考拉保护区) in Brisbane — there were koalas everywhere 5.________ (sleep) in the trees and I even got the chance 6.________ (hold) one. I learnt lots of 7.________ (fact) about koalas too. For example koalas can sleep for up to 22 hours a day. At the sanctuary there were also kangaroos (袋鼠) that we 8.________ (allow) to feed. They were really cute and friendly.
Another exciting part of my trip was snorkelling (潜泳) in the Great Barrier Reef as the water was very clear and blue. I was also lucky to see some 9.________ (interest) sea animals.
I loved visiting everywhere from the beautiful mountains and waterfalls in the National Parks 10.________ the long white sandy beaches. It's a beautiful country and worth visiting one day if you ever get the chance.
1．答案与解析：took 考查一般过去时。设空处与saved up并列作谓语，应用一般过去时，故填took。
2．答案与解析：the 考查定冠词。at the end of意为“在……结束时”。
3．答案与解析：it 考查it的用法。设空处作形式主语，真正的主语是to get used to the time difference，故填it。
4．答案与解析：truly 考查副词。设空处作状语修饰beautiful，表示“真正；确实”，故填truly。
5．答案与解析：sleeping 考查v-ing形式作定语的用法。设空处作后置定语修饰koalas，因为koalas与sleep之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且sleep表示的动作当时正在发生，故填sleeping。
6．答案与解析：to hold 考查动词不定式作定语的用法。have/get the chance to do sth. 意为“有机会做某事”。
7．答案与解析：facts 考查名词。设空处作定语，表示“事实”，因为fact是可数名词，且其前有lots of，故填facts。
8．答案与解析：were allowed 考查一般过去时的被动语态。设空处所在句意为“在保护区里，还有袋鼠。我们可以(were allowed)给袋鼠喂食”，故应用被动语态，因为此处描述作者去澳大利亚的旅游经历，应用一般过去时，故填were allowed。
9．答案与解析：interesting 考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰sea animals，表示“有趣的”，故填形容词interesting。
10．答案与解析：to 考查介词。设空处所在句意为“我喜欢游览这儿的每个地方，从国家公园的山和瀑布到白色的长沙滩”，故填介词to。from... to...意为“从……到……”。
课时作业9 Module 3 Section Ⅲ Integrating Skills & Cultural Corner
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The woman was frightened (frighten) at the sight of a snake crawling towards her.
2．From April 18 2009 the elevated trains could travel at a speed of 300 kilometres per hour.
3．She returned home late in the evening exhausted (exhaust) from her day in the company.
4．Alice returned from the manager's office telling (tell) me that the boss wanted to see me at once.
5．The teaching building destroyed (destroy) in the big earthquake was our chemistry lab.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．He gave me some informations on the computers.informations→information
2．I had not practised write during these five months.write→writing
3．How long did this take you to swim across the river？this→it
4．This used to be a very pretty village at a time.at_a_time→at_one_time
5．What wonderful time we live in！time→times
6．We heard it say that professor Li has gone to America.say→said
7．Zhang Tao although was born in the south lived and worked in the north.was前加he
8．Neither of them knows the difference among wheat and rice.among→between
9．Don't explain it me. I would rather not listen.me前加to
10．We were having supper suddenly someone knocked at the door.suddenly前加when
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Charles Darwin lived an unusually quiet life.In 1842 Darwin and his wife Emma moved from London to Kent in southern England to have as little disturbance (烦扰) as possible. They already had two children then and would go on to have eight more in the country.
Darwin had very regular (有规律的) habits. He rose early and went for a walk. After breakfast he worked in his study until 9：30 am，his most productive time of the day，and then read his letters lying on the sofa before returning to work.
At midday he would go for another walk with his dog stopping at his greenhouse to inspect (查看) his experiments. Then he would go for another walk around an area of woodland. While walking on his “thinking path”， Darwin would consider his unsolved scientific problems.
After lunch he read the newspaper and wrote letters. His network of friends provided information from all corners of the world.
The Darwins were not very strict parents and the children were always seen running wild. Their father worked patiently to a background of playful shouts and little footsteps walking past his study door.
After dinner Darwin played backgammon (a game for two people to play) with his wife. He once wrote “Now the result with my wife in backgammon stands like this: she... has won only 2 490 games while I have won hurrah (a cheer of joy or victory) hurrah 2 795 games！”
Although he had poor health Darwin continued to publish a lot of creative works until his final book in 1881. He died the following year aged 73.
Rather than a quiet space in the local churchyard which he called “the sweetest place on Earth”， Darwin was given a state funeral (国葬) in London's Westminster Abbey.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章描写了英国著名科学家达尔文宁静的个人生活。
1．Why did the Darwins move to Kent?
A．To do more experiments.
B．To cut their cost of living.
C．To enjoy more peacefulness.
D．To be together with their children.
答案与解析：C 推理判断题。由第一段中的“moved from London to Kent in southern England to have as little disturbance as possible”可知，达尔文夫妇搬家是为了免受外界的打扰，以享受更多的宁静。
2．What did Darwin do every day?
A．He studied in the woods.
B．He started to work at 9：30 am.
C．He wrote letters in the morning.
D．He examined his experiments.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。由第三段中的“At midday he would go for another walk with his dog stopping at his greenhouse to inspect his experiments”可知，达尔文每天会去查看实验的进展情况。
3．What did Darwin's children probably think of him?
A．Strict. B．Sweet.
C．Cold. D．Brave.
答案与解析：B 推理判断题。由第五段中的“Their father worked patiently to a background of playful shouts and little footsteps walking past his study door”可推知，在孩子们眼里，父亲达尔文应该很温和。
4．What is this text mainly about?
A．Darwin's scientific achievements.
B．Darwin's unusual state funeral.
C．Darwin's personal life.
D．Darwin's large family.
答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。首段第一句即文章主旨句“Charles Darwin lived an unusually quiet life”。本文描写了英国著名科学家达尔文宁静的个人生活。
Ⅳ.完形填空
Pass Your Love On
Waiting for the airplane to take off I was happy to get a seat by myself. Just then an air hostess approached me and asked “Would you mind __1__ your seat? A couple would like to sit together.” The only __2__ seat was next to a girl with her arms in casts(石膏) a black-and-blue face and a sad expression. “__3__ am I going to sit there，” I thought immediately. But a soft voice spoke “She needs help.” Finally I __4__ to move to that seat.
The girl was named Kathy. She __5__ hurt in a car accident and now was on her way for __6__.
When the snack and juice arrived it did not take me long to __7__ that Kathy would not be able to __8__ herself. I considered __9__ to feed her but hesitated as it seemed too __10__ to offer such a service to a __11__. But then I realized that Kathy's need was more __12__ than my discomfort. I offered to help her eat and __13__ she was uncomfortable to accept she __14__ as I expected. We became closer and closer in a short period of time. By the end of the five-hour trip my heart __15__， and the __16__ was really better spent than if I had just sat by myself.
I was very glad I had reached __17__ my comfort zone to sit next to Kathy and feed her. Love __18__ flows beyond boundaries between people and removes the fears that keep us __19__. When we __20__ to help another we will live in a larger and more rewarding world.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者在飞机上通过帮助座位旁边的一个受伤的女孩，从而认识到帮助他人会让世界变得更美好。
1．A.losing B．changing
C．taking D．giving
答案与解析：B 考查动词辨析。根据空后的“A couple would like to sit together”可知，一对夫妻想坐在一起，因此想跟“我”换座位，mind doing sth. “介意做某事”，故选B。
2．A.comfortable B．suitable
C．available D．favorable
答案与解析：C 考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，唯一空着的位置就是一个小姑娘旁边的座位，available“可得到的，可获得的”，故选C。
3．A.No problem B．No way
C．Nowhere D．No doubt
答案与解析：B 考查短语辨析。根据下文可知，“我”原本是不愿意坐在那儿的，No way“绝不，不可能”，此处是一个部分倒装结构，故选B。
4．A.decided B．wanted
C．regretted D．promised
答案与解析：A 考查动词辨析。根据“But a soft voice spoke ‘She needs help.’ Finally I __4__ to move to that seat”可知，原本我不愿意坐在那儿，后面“我”同意了，前后句是转折关系，decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，故选A。
5．A.has been B．would be
C．used to be D．had been
答案与解析：D 考查动词时态和语态。本文时态为过去时，Kathy在交通事故中受伤则发生在“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时，故选D。
6．A.treatment B．travel
C．pleasure D．business
答案与解析：A 考查名词辨析。根据“She had_been hurt in a car accident”可知，Kathy在交通事故中受伤，当时在去治疗的路上，故选A。
7．A.know B．say
C．realize D．recognize
答案与解析：C 考查动词辨析。根据“I considered __9__ to feed her”可知，“我”考虑喂给她吃，说明“我”已经意识到Kathy自己无法吃东西，故选C。
8．A.eat B．feed
C．choose D．support
答案与解析：B 考查动词辨析。根据“__9__ to feed her but hesitated”可知，Kathy无法自己吃东西，feed oneself“自己吃”，故选B。
9．A.offering B．taking
C．stopping D．trying
答案与解析：A 考查动词辨析。根据“as it seemed too __10__ to offer such a service”可知，“我”想主动喂给她吃，offer to do sth.“主动做某事”，故选A。
10．A.impolite B．far
C．close D．fast
答案与解析：A 考查形容词辨析。根据“offering to feed her but hesitated”可知，“我”想喂东西给Kathy吃，但又有点犹豫，是因为主动给陌生人喂东西吃有点不礼貌，故选A。
11．A.girl B．neighbor
C．passenger D．stranger
答案与解析：D 考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，“我”和Kathy是第一次邂逅，并不熟悉，故选D。
12．A.unusual B．direct
C．important D．shameful
答案与解析：C 考查形容词辨析。根据下文“I offered to help her eat”可知，后来“我”主动帮助Kathy吃东西，说明“我”这时意识到Kathy的需要比“我”的不舒服更重要，故选C。
13．A.when B．although
C．since D．as
答案与解析：B 考查连词辨析。根据“We became closer and closer in a short period of time”可知，因此“我”主动喂她吃，虽然她也感觉不舒服，但是还是欣然接受了，故选B。
14.A.refused B．wondered
C．cried D．did
答案与解析：D 考查动词辨析。根据“as I expected”可知，虽然她也感觉不舒服，但是还是欣然接受了，此处的“did”相当于“accepted”，该词在上文中已出现过，故选D。
15．A.had warmed B．had jumped
C．had broken D．had cheered
答案与解析：A 考查动词辨析。根据“We became closer and closer in a short period of time”及“really better spent than if I had just sat by myself”可知，五小时的旅程结束之时，我的心温暖了，故选A。
16．A.life B．money
C．time D．energy
答案与解析：C 考查名词辨析。根据“really better spent than if I had just sat by myself”可知，这些时间肯定比“我”独自度过要更好，故选C。
17．A.below B．through
C．across D．beyond
答案与解析：D 考查介词辨析。根据上文可知，“我”很高兴，“我”已经走出了“我”的舒适区。beyond“在……范围之外”，故选D。
18．A.seldom B．never
C．hardly D．sometimes
答案与解析：D 考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，爱有时是超出人与人之间的界限的，故选D。
19．A.separate B．independent
C．silent D．upset
答案与解析：A 考查形容词辨析。根据上题解析可知，爱会消除让人们分隔的恐惧，separate“单独的，分开的”，故选A。
20．A.happen B．volunteer
C．wait D．continue
答案与解析：B 考查动词辨析。当我们心甘情愿地帮助另一个人时，我们将生活在一个更大、更有意义的世界，故选B。
Ⅴ.七选五
Muzak
Next time you go into a bank a store or a supermarket stop and listen. What do you hear? __1__ It's similar to the music you listen to but it's not exactly the same. That's because this music was especially designed to relax you or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you don't even realize the music is playing but you react to the music anyway.
Quiet background music used to be called “elevator (电梯) music”because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places and it has a new name “Muzak”. About one-third of the people in America listen to Muzak every day. The music plays for 15 minutes at a time with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning and between three and four in the afternoon when people are more tired. __2__
If you listen to Muzak carefully you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters don't want their songs to be used as Muzak but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why? __3__
Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak does what it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. __4__ Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.
__5__ They say it's boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak!
A．Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world.
B．They get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used.
C．The music gives them extra energy.
D．Muzak tends to help people understand music better.
E．Factory workers produce 13 percent more.
F．Music is playing in the background.
G．Some people don't like Muzak.
【语篇解读】 人们去银行、商店、超市时，经常可以听到背景音乐，这种音乐被称为elevator music。近来又用一个新名词Muzak来称呼这种音乐。事实证明这种音乐有诸多好处，但并不是每一个人都喜欢它。
1．答案与解析：F 根据空格后的内容可知，人们可以听到背景音乐。故选F。
2．答案与解析：C 根据空格前的内容可知Muzak每天播放的规律，所以此空格处应该是接着讲述每天这些时间段播放音乐的作用，故选C。
3．答案与解析：B 根据空格前的内容可知，此空格处是回答Why的，因为如果他们的歌曲被使用，他们每年可以得到4 000 000美元，故选B。
4．答案与解析：E 根据空格前“疲倦的办公室人员突然会更有精神”和空格后“超市购物者会多买38%食品杂货”可知，“工厂工人会多生产13%(的产品)”符合上下文，故选E。
5．答案与解析：G 根据空格后的“it's boring to hear the same songs all the time”可知，有人不喜欢这类音乐，故选G。
