高中英语人教版必修2 Unit 3　Computers（课件+教案共13份打包）

Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
He has a bright idea.
Avery Hairston is lighting up people's lives. The 15-year-old from New York City created an organization called RelightNY. It helps people who have difficulty in paying their electricity bills by giving them special light bulbs (灯泡), which cut long-term electricity costs. They are also better for the environment than common bulbs. “People who can afford the bulbs, which are a bit expensive, should buy them，” Avery insists.
He is very interested in recycling (回收再利用)．
Eli Kahn, 15, started Cartridges for a Cure to raise money for children's cancer (癌症) research by recycling empty ink cartridges (墨盒). Eli has raised $82,000 for Johns Hopkins Children's Center. “With a little time and work, anything can get bigger，” Eli says.
She makes water safe to drink.
Kelydra Welcker, 17, has been trying her best to make drinking water safer. She invented an easy way to get the chemical C8 out of her West Virginia town's water supply (供应). C8 went into the water from a nearby industrial factory. “Clean water should be a given，” Kelydra explains. “We all should have it.”
She tries to stop deforestation.
Wangari Maathai, from Kenya, Africa, has been working for many years to save the forests. In 1977, she started a movement in Kenya to help stop deforestation (the cutting or burning down of all the trees). The program has planted more than 30 million trees in Africa. Her work brought her the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004. In 2006, she helped start the Billion Tree Campaign. The United Nations program encouraged people to plant trees in their neighborhood, with the goal of planting one billion trees worldwide that year. So many people who wanted to go green joined the program, and more than nine million trees have been planted. Maathai says, “This is something anybody can do.”
主题：人与社会——社会服务
【语篇解读】　本文是应用文。文章介绍了四个致力于做慈善事业的人。
1．What can we learn about RelightNY?
A．It helps the poor save money.
B．It is a United Nations program.
C．It raises money for sick children.
D．It provides people with free bulbs.
答案与解析：A'细节理解题。由He has a bright idea部分的．.. an organization called RelightNY. It helps people who have difficulty in paying their electricity bills... cut long-term electricity costs可知，该机构通过提供特殊灯泡帮助那些支付电费困难的人们节省电费。
2．Who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004?
A．Eli Kahn.　　　　　　　　B．Avery Hairston.
C．Kelydra Welcker. D．Wangari Maathai.
答案与解析：D'细节理解题。由She tries to stop deforestation部分的Wangari Maathai... Her work brought her the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004可知答案。
3．What the four people have done is all good for ________.
A．the poor B．the sick
C．the education D．the environment
答案与解析：D'推理判断题。从对这四个人的介绍内容better for the environment, recycling empty ink cartridges，make drinking water safer和working for many years to save the forests可知，他们所做的事情都对环境有益。
B
I've always been interested in computers and technology, and I made a few apps (应用程序) for the iPhone, iPod touch, and iPad. I'd like to share a couple with you today. My first app is “Earth Fortune”. My favorite and most successful app is “Bustin Jieber” — which is a Justin Bieber whack-a-mole (打地鼠游戏). I created it because a lot of people at school disliked the pop star a little bit, so I decided to make the app. I released (发布) it on December 21, 2010.
A lot of people asked me, how did I make these? A lot of times it's because the person who asked the question wants to make an app also. Where do you go to find out how to make an app? Well, this is how I got close to it, and this is what I did.
First of all, I'd already been programming in many programming languages to get the basics down, such as Python, C, Java, etc. And then Apple released the iPhone with the software development kit (软件开发工具包) — a set of tools for creating and programming an iPhone app. This opened up a whole new world of possibilities for me, and after playing with the kit a little bit, I made a couple of test apps. I persuaded my parents to pay 99 dollars to be able to put my apps on the App Store. They agreed, and now I have apps on the App Store.
I've gotten a lot of creative ideas from Steve Jobs, and I've started an app club at school with the help of my teacher. Any student at my school can come and learn how to design an app.
I'd like to finish up by saying what I'd like to do in the future. I'm working with a third party company to make an app. My next goal is to get into Android programming and development, continue my app club, and find other ways for students to share knowledge with others.
That's all. Thank you!
主题：人与自我——做人与做事
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章选自一位少年应用程序研发者的演讲稿，介绍了他是如何走上应用程序研发之路以及他的未来计划。
4．What can we learn about Bustin Jieber?
A．It is the author's first app for the iPhone.
B．It was released at the beginning of 2010.
C．It is popular with Justin Bieber fans.
D．It is a whack-a-mole game.
答案与解析：D　细节理解题，由第一段中的“Bustin Jieber” — which is a Justin Bieber whack-a-mole可知，Bustin Jieber是一款打地鼠游戏的应用程序。
5．What allowed the author possibilities to program?
A．His teacher's guidance.
B．Test apps on the App Store.
C．Apple's software development kit.
D．The Java programming language.
答案与解析：C　细节理解题。由第三段中的Apple released the iPhone with the software development kit... This opened up a whole new world of possibilities for me可知，本段作者介绍了他开始研发应用程序的过程。他先学会了多种编辑语言，后来苹果公司推出的iPhone软件开发工具包给他打开了程序设计之门。
6．What did the author do after he finished his test apps?
A．He bought an iPhone.
B．He met with Steve Jobs.
C．He sold them to the App Store.
D．He asked his parents for support.
答案与解析：D　推理判断题。由第三段中的I persuaded my parents to pay 99 dollars to be able to put my apps on the App Store. They agreed可知，作者劝说父母支持他的应用程序设计。
7．What's the author's future plan?
A．To set up an app club.
B．To design an Android app.
C．To put his apps on the App Store.
D．To share his apps with others for free.
答案与解析：B　细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的I'm working with a third party company to make an app. My next goal is to get into Android programming and development可知，作者未来的计划是研发安卓系统的应用程序。
C
The Center at Palos Park is planning to offer a nice Barn Dance (谷仓舞会) for those who enjoy modern Western dancing but don't want to lose the old-fashioned feel of the popular fall activity.
Line dancing has taken the place of square dancing this year, said Mark Walker, The Center's director of development, and nobody needs to worry about keeping up.
“It's easy and fun and there'll be clear directions from the workers and some other dancers，” Walker said.
The 13th Barn Dance takes place from 5 to 8：30 p．m. Sept. 9 at The Center's Childred's Farm, Palos Park.
A wooden floor made for dancing will take the place of part of the dirt floor in the large riding area of the barn, where hay bales (干草捆) are used for sitting and Italian lights are hung overhead — just the right touches to recreate an old-fashioned harvest (收获) dance of past years.
Dancing is only one of the activities. There's more to see and do.
“You don't even have to dance at all，” Walker said. “If you're not into dancing, it's fun just to come anyway.”
Tours of the farm and its many lovely animals continue until 7 p．m. Traditional harvest-time hayrack (有装草架的大车) rides will take guests on a half-mile journey around the working farm.
“The sun will be setting during most of that time. The light will be golden, and it's really just great to enjoy ...” he said.
If all goes well with the weather, rides continue throughout the evening, Walker said. He said the outdoor activities won't be hampered by a few raindrops. It will take a heavy rain to drive everyone inside, where the fun will continue.
“Dress for the weather，” Walker suggested, “but it is on, rain or shine... because there's a lot to do in the riding area.”
All activities are included in the $10 ticket price for children and adults. Food and drink will be provided but visitors will have to pay a little more.
主题：人与社会——艺术
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章介绍了一场地方谷仓舞会。
8．What's special about this year's Barn Dance?
A．It wants to attract more children.
B．It will be held in a different season.
C．It will give up old-fashioned line dancing.
D．It offers modern dancing in a traditional environment.
答案与解析：D　推理判断题。由第一段中的a nice Barn Dance for those who enjoy modern Western dancing but don't want to lose the old-fashioned feel of the popular fall activity.可知，今年的舞会是在传统氛围中跳现代舞。
9．What will the dancing place be like?
A．It will have hay seats.
B．It will have a dirt floor.
C．It will have a wooden door.
D．It will have Italian floor lights.
答案与解析：A　细节理解题。由第五段中的where hay bales are used for sitting可知，观众座位是干草铺成的。
10．What can those who are uninterested in dancing do?
A．Feed the animals. B．Help on the farm.
C．Watch the sunset. D．Drive hayracks.
答案与解析：C　细节理解题。由倒数第四段中的The sun will be setting during most of that time. The light will be golden, and it's really just great to enjoy可知，不喜欢跳舞的人可以欣赏日落。
11．What does the underlined word “hampered” probably mean?
A．Stopped. B．Developed.
C．Protected. D．Decided.
答案与解析：A　词义猜测题。由画线词后的It will take a heavy rain to drive everyone inside可知，前面是说一点点雨不会使活动“停止”。
Ⅱ.七选五
Keeping the memory (记忆力) in shape is important at any age, but it requires a bit more work as we grow. There are some simple activities that can improve your memory. __1__
Awaken your senses.
Use your senses to help your memory store needed information. __2__ You can ask yourself like this: Is the sky a light blue or deep purple? The more involved (参与的) you can be in the information, the easier it is for your brain to store it.
Use imagination and relation.
Trying to remember names? Let's say you meet a man named Frank Parker. __3__ Tie the two together by picturing Frank dressed up in a hot dog costume (服装) parking his car in the parking lot. Now each time you see Frank, you should easily recall his name.
Breathe (呼吸) deeply and relax.
__4__ Relax, breathe deeply and slowly and let your mind ease up for a minute. Being relaxed makes it easier for information to be both stored and remembered.
__5__
When you come upon something you need to remember, say to yourself, “Hey, pay attention and remember this！” You are giving yourself a wake-up call as well as giving your mind a marker that it can use to help in storing the new information.
A．Give yourself an order.
B．Get a good night's sleep.
C．Here are four of them to get you started.
D．Picture a hot dog for Frank and a car for Parker.
E．For example, note the colors of a picture you want to remember.
F．When we try hard to remember something we often become nervous.
G．The way you live influences not only your physical health but also your memory.
主题：人与自我——生活与学习
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。拥有良好的记忆力对于日常生活非常重要，有哪些简单的方法可以帮助人们保持并改善记忆力呢？
1．答案与解析：C　本空引起下文，C项符合此功能，其中them指代上文中的some simple activities, four of them则指下文所介绍的四种改善记忆力的方法。
2．答案与解析：E　E项中的colors与下文light blue 和deep purple在词汇层面相互衔接，构成上下文关系。
3．答案与解析：D　D项中的Frank和Parker复现上文Frank Parker，介绍如何通过想象和联想记忆人名。
4．答案与解析：F　本空后的一句话是针对F项所说问题的解决方案，且F项中的nervous与下文中的Relax和ease up形成反义关系。
5．答案与解析：A　本空应填一个小标题，选项中符合小标题特征的有A项和B项。下文say to yourself, “Hey, pay attention and remember this！”是给自己下命令，以使自己集中精力记忆信息，与A项语意一致。
Unit 3　Computers
导语　我爱你我的电脑，你让我感到舒适；正因为你，我一直很快乐。
注：听音填词
I love My Computer
You make me feel alright
Every waking hour
And every lonely night
For all you ①give_to me
Predictable errors and no identity
And it's never been quite ②so_easy
I've never been quite so happy
All I need to do is ③click_on you
And we'll be joined
In the most soulless way
And we'll never
Ever ruin each other's day
because when I'm through I just click
And you just go away
You're always in the mood
I get turned on
When I turn on you
You never ask for more
You can be a princess
Or you can be my lover
And it's never been quite so easy
I've never been quite so happy
The world outside is so big
But it's safe in my domain
Because to you
I'm ④just_a_number
And a clever screen name
All I need to do is click on you
And we'll be together for eternity
And no one is ever gonna take my love
From me
Because I've got security
Her password ⑤and_a_key
我爱我的电脑
你让我感觉好了
每一个辗转反侧的时光
和每一个寂寞的夜晚
所有你给我
可预见的错误和没有身份
从未如此简单
我从来没有如此快乐
所有我需要做的就是点击你
我们会加入
以最无情的方式
我们永远不会
曾经毁了彼此的一天
因为当我通过点击
你只是消失
你总是心情好
我打开
当我打开你时
你永远不会要求更多
你可以成为一个公主
或者你可以做我的爱人
从未如此简单
我从来没有如此快乐
外面的世界是如此的大
但在我的领域它是安全的
因为对于你
我只是一个数字
和一个聪明的屏幕名称
所有我需要做的就是点击你
我们会永远在一起
也没有人会带走我的爱
从我这里
因为我有安全
她的密码和钥匙
词海拾贝　
1．predictable/pr?'d?kt?bl/adj.可预见的
2．identity/a?'dent?ti/n.身份
3．security/s?'kj??r?ti/n.安全
Section Ⅰ　Warming Up & Reading — Comprehending
第一步：热身——发散思维，了解电脑主题结构表达用法
Look at the following pictures and match them with their names.
A．monitor B．computer host
C．mouse D．keyboard
答案：(1)C　(2)D　(3)A　(4)B
第二步：速读——了解教材课文(P18)主题和段落大意
Skim the text and complete the following questions.
1．What's the main idea of this passage?
A．The development of computers.
B．The development and use of computers.
C．A machine which is simple-minded.
D．Computers may replace human beings.
答案：B
2．Match the main ideas with the paragraphs.
Para.1 C 　　A．These changes only became possible as my memory improved.
Para.2 A B．Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.
Para.3 B C．Over time I have been changed quite a lot.
第三步：细读——把握教材课文(P18)关键信息
1．When did the computer come into being?
A．1640.　　　　　　　　B．1642.
C．1822. D．1936.
答案：B
2．Who really invented the computer?
A．Charles Babbage. B．Bill Gates.
C．Alan Turing. D．Thomas Edison.
答案：C
3．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Charles Babbage built an analytical machine in 1642.
B．Alan Turing wrote a book about how the computer could be made to work as a “universal machine” to solve any difficult mathematical problem in 1936.
C．The computers were first connected by a network in the late 1960s.
D．Since the 1960s the computer has been used to help with medical operations.
答案：B
4．What can we infer from the text?
A．The computer can take the place of humans.
B．The smaller a computer is, the faster it calculates.
C．Computers can solve all the problems of human beings.
D．People can benefit more from computers in the future.
答案：D
【难句透析·素养提能】
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.
[句式分析]　and连接两个 并列句；before I was built as an analytical machine by...为before引导的 时间状语从句。
[尝试翻译]　我发展缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯·巴贝奇才把我制成了一台分析机。
2．After I was programmed by an operator who used cards with holes, I could “think” logically and produce an answer quicker than any person.
[句式分析]　本句的主干句是：I could “think” logically and produce an answer..., and连接两个并列句， who used cards with holes是定语从句，After I was programmed by an operator是时间状语从句。
[尝试翻译]　当我被程序员输入了不同指令的打孔卡片后，我可以逻辑地“思考”，并比任何人更快地给出答案。
3．But I was always so lonely standing there by myself, until in the early 1960s they gave me a family connected by a network.
[句式分析]　本句的主干句是：But I was always so lonely, standing there by myself是现在分词短语作 状语， until in the early 1960s they gave me a family是时间状语从句， connected by a network是过去分词短语作定语。
[尝试翻译]　但是我总是孤孤单单地站在那里，直到20世纪60年代初，人们才给了我一个用网络联成的家庭。
[词语积累]
①calculate/'k?lkj?le?t/vt.计算
※calculator/'k?lkj?le?t?/n.[C]计算器
calculation n．[U]计算
②simplify/'s?mpl?fa?/vt.简化
③sum/s?m/n.总数；算术题；金额
※a sum of money一笔钱
④program v．编写程序　n．(计算机)程序
※programmer/'pr??ɡr?m?/n.程序员；程序师
⑤operator/'?p?re?t?/n.(电脑)操作员；接线员
⑥logically/'l?d??kl?/adv.逻辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地
※logical/'l?d??kl/adj.合逻辑的；合情理的
⑦technological/?tekn?'l?d??kl/adj.科技的
※technological progress 科学进步
technology/tek'n?l?d??/n.工艺；科技；技术
⑧revolution/?rev?'lu??n/n.革命
※technological revolution 技术革命
⑨artificial/?ɑ?t?'f??l/adj.人造的；假的
⑩intelligence/?n'tel?d??ns/n.智力；聪明；智能
※artificial intelligence 人工智能
intelligent/?n'tel?d??nt/adj.智能的；聪明的
?universal/?ju?n?'v??sl/adj.普遍的；通用的；宇宙的
?solve/s?lv/vt.解决；解答
※solution n．解答；解决，解决方法
a solution to the problem问题的解决方法
?mathematical/?m?θ?'m?t?kl/adj.数学的
?from... on 从……时起
※from then on从那时起
from now on从现在起
?any为程度副词，修饰比较级。
?reality/r?'?l?t?/n.真实；事实；现实
※in reality事实上，实际上
?designer/d?'za?n?/n.设计师
?personal/'p??s?nl/adj.私人的；个人的；亲自的
※personally/'p??s?n?l?/adv.就个人而言；亲自
?tube/tju?b/n.管；管子；电子管
?transistor/tr?n'z?st?/n.晶体管
chip/t??p/n.碎片；芯片
as a result结果
※as a result of作为……的结果；由于
totally/'t??tl?/adv.完全地；整个地
※total/'t??tl/adj.总的；整个的　n．总数；合计
in total＝in all总共，总计
so... that...如此……以至于……
network/'netw??k/n.网络；网状物
web/web/n.网
application/??pl?'ke??n/n.应用；用途；申请
finance/'fa?n?ns/n.金融；财经
※financial adj.金融地，财经的
mobile/'m??ba?l/adj..可移动的；机动的
rocket/'r?k?t/n.火箭
explore/?k'spl??/vt.& vi.探索；探测；探究
Mars/mɑ?z/n.火星
anyhow/'en?ha?/adv.(也作anyway)无论如何；即使如此
goal/g??l/n.目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分
provide sb. with sth.向某人提供某物
be filled with充满
happiness/'h?p?n?s/n.幸福；快乐
human race人类
WHO AM I?
Over time I have been changed quite a lot 【1】. I began as a calculating① machine in France in 1642. Although I was young I could simplify② difficult sums③. I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage 【2】. After I was programmed④ by an operator⑤ who used cards with holes, I could “think” logically⑥ and produce an answer quicker than any person. At that time it was considered a technological⑦ revolution⑧ and the start of my “artificial⑨ intelligence⑩”. In 1936 my real father, Alan Turing, wrote a book about how I could be made to work as a “universal? machine” to solve? any difficult mathematical? problem 【3】. From then on?， I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower. By the 1940s I had grown as large as a room, and I wondered if I would grow any? larger. However, this reality? also worried my designers?. As time went by 【4】， I was made smaller. First as a PC (personal? computer) and then as a laptop, I have been used 【5】 in offices and homes since the 1970s.
【1】over time(经过漫长的时间，随着时间的推移)在句中作状语，句子用现在完成时。have been changed是现在完成时的被动语态。
【2】it took nearly two hundred years before...使用了固定句式：It took＋时间段＋before...“过了多久才……”。
【3】how I could be made to work...是how引导的宾语从句，作介词about的宾语。在此宾语从句中，动词不定式短语to work as...作主语补足语；动词不定式短语to solve...作定语。
【4】as_time_went_by(随着时间的推移)是as引导的时间状语从句，相当于with_time_going_by。
【5】have been used是现在完成时的被动语态。
These changes only became possible as my memory improved. First it was stored in tubes?， then on transistors? and later on very small chips. As a result I totally changed my shape. As I have grown older I have also grown smaller. Over time my memory has developed so much that， like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told! 【6】And my memory became so large that even I couldn't believe it! But I was always so lonely standing there by myself, until in early 1960s they gave me a family connected by a network. 【7】 I was able to share my knowledge with others through the World Wide Web.
Since the 1970s many new applications have been found 【8】 for me. I have become very important in communication, finance and trade. I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as 【9】 help with medical operations. I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars. Anyhow， my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality 【10】. I am now truly filled with happiness that I am a devoted friend and helper of the human race！
【8】have been found是现在完成时的被动语态。
【9】as well as(也，又)连接并列结构make mobile phones和help with medical operations。
【10】动词不定式短语to provide humans with...在句中作表语。
[课文翻译]
我是谁？
随着时间的推移我已经被改变了很多。1642年我在法国诞生时是一台计算(calculate)机器。尽管当时我很年轻，但是能简化(simplify)复杂的算术题(sum)。我发育非常缓慢，差不多过了两百年之后，查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。在操作员(operator)用穿孔卡为我设计程序后，我能够进行逻辑(logically)“思考”，并且能够比任何人更快地算出答案。那时这被当做一次技术革命(technological revolution)，也是我“人工智能”(artificial intelligence)的开始。在1936年，我真正的父亲艾伦·图灵写了一本书，讲述了怎样使我成为一台“通用(universal)机器”来解决(solve)任何数学(mathematical)难题。从那时起(from... on)，我在体积和脑容量方面迅速成长。到20世纪40年代，我已经长得像一间屋子那么大，我不知道是否还会长得更大。但是，这个现实(reality)也使得我的设计者(designer)很担心。随着时间的推移，我被弄得更小了。自20世纪70年代以来，我一直被用在办公室和家庭里，先是用作个人(personal)电脑，后来又用作便携式电脑。
这些变化只有随着我的存储能力的不断提高才成为可能。最初是被存储到电子管(tube)上，以后是晶体管(transistor)上，后来是非常小的芯片(chip)上。因此(as a result)，我完全(totally)改变了我的形状。随着我的年龄越来越大，我也变得越来越小。随着时间的推移，我的记忆能力发展得如此之快，就像一头大象一样，以致(so... that...)我从来不会忘记告诉我的任何事情！我的存储容量变得如此巨大，连我自己都不能相信！但是我总是孤孤单单地站在那里，直到20世纪60年代初，人们才给了我一个用网络(network)联成的家庭。我能够通过万维网(web)和其他人分享我的知识。
从20世纪70年代起，我又被开发出了很多新的用途(application)。我在通信、金融(finance)和贸易领域变得非常重要。我还被放在机器人里面，被用来制作移动(mobile)电话，并且用来帮助做医疗手术。我甚至还被放置在航空火箭(rocket)里去探测(explore)月球和火星(Mars)。不管怎样(anyhow)，我的目标(goal)是给人类提供高质量的生活。现在我充满了幸福(happiness)，因为我是人类(human race)忠实的朋友和帮手！
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
He has a bright idea.
Avery Hairston is lighting up people's lives. The 15-year-old from New York City created an organization called RelightNY. It helps people who have difficulty in paying their electricity bills by giving them special light bulbs (灯泡), which cut long-term electricity costs. They are also better for the environment than common bulbs. “People who can afford the bulbs, which are a bit expensive, should buy them，” Avery insists.
He is very interested in recycling (回收再利用)．
Eli Kahn, 15, started Cartridges for a Cure to raise money for children's cancer (癌症) research by recycling empty ink cartridges (墨盒). Eli has raised $82,000 for Johns Hopkins Children's Center. “With a little time and work, anything can get bigger，” Eli says.
She makes water safe to drink.
Kelydra Welcker, 17, has been trying her best to make drinking water safer. She invented an easy way to get the chemical C8 out of her West Virginia town's water supply (供应). C8 went into the water from a nearby industrial factory. “Clean water should be a given，” Kelydra explains. “We all should have it.”
She tries to stop deforestation.
Wangari Maathai, from Kenya, Africa, has been working for many years to save the forests. In 1977, she started a movement in Kenya to help stop deforestation (the cutting or burning down of all the trees). The program has planted more than 30 million trees in Africa. Her work brought her the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004. In 2006, she helped start the Billion Tree Campaign. The United Nations program encouraged people to plant trees in their neighborhood, with the goal of planting one billion trees worldwide that year. So many people who wanted to go green joined the program, and more than nine million trees have been planted. Maathai says, “This is something anybody can do.”
主题：人与社会——社会服务
【语篇解读】　本文是应用文。文章介绍了四个致力于做慈善事业的人。
1．What can we learn about RelightNY?
A．It helps the poor save money.
B．It is a United Nations program.
C．It raises money for sick children.
D．It provides people with free bulbs.
答案与解析：A'细节理解题。由He has a bright idea部分的．.. an organization called RelightNY. It helps people who have difficulty in paying their electricity bills... cut long-term electricity costs可知，该机构通过提供特殊灯泡帮助那些支付电费困难的人们节省电费。
2．Who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004?
A．Eli Kahn.　　　　　　　　B．Avery Hairston.
C．Kelydra Welcker. D．Wangari Maathai.
答案与解析：D'细节理解题。由She tries to stop deforestation部分的Wangari Maathai... Her work brought her the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004可知答案。
3．What the four people have done is all good for ________.
A．the poor B．the sick
C．the education D．the environment
答案与解析：D'推理判断题。从对这四个人的介绍内容better for the environment, recycling empty ink cartridges，make drinking water safer和working for many years to save the forests可知，他们所做的事情都对环境有益。
B
I've always been interested in computers and technology, and I made a few apps (应用程序) for the iPhone, iPod touch, and iPad. I'd like to share a couple with you today. My first app is “Earth Fortune”. My favorite and most successful app is “Bustin Jieber” — which is a Justin Bieber whack-a-mole (打地鼠游戏). I created it because a lot of people at school disliked the pop star a little bit, so I decided to make the app. I released (发布) it on December 21, 2010.
A lot of people asked me, how did I make these? A lot of times it's because the person who asked the question wants to make an app also. Where do you go to find out how to make an app? Well, this is how I got close to it, and this is what I did.
First of all, I'd already been programming in many programming languages to get the basics down, such as Python, C, Java, etc. And then Apple released the iPhone with the software development kit (软件开发工具包) — a set of tools for creating and programming an iPhone app. This opened up a whole new world of possibilities for me, and after playing with the kit a little bit, I made a couple of test apps. I persuaded my parents to pay 99 dollars to be able to put my apps on the App Store. They agreed, and now I have apps on the App Store.
I've gotten a lot of creative ideas from Steve Jobs, and I've started an app club at school with the help of my teacher. Any student at my school can come and learn how to design an app.
I'd like to finish up by saying what I'd like to do in the future. I'm working with a third party company to make an app. My next goal is to get into Android programming and development, continue my app club, and find other ways for students to share knowledge with others.
That's all. Thank you!
主题：人与自我——做人与做事
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章选自一位少年应用程序研发者的演讲稿，介绍了他是如何走上应用程序研发之路以及他的未来计划。
4．What can we learn about Bustin Jieber?
A．It is the author's first app for the iPhone.
B．It was released at the beginning of 2010.
C．It is popular with Justin Bieber fans.
D．It is a whack-a-mole game.
答案与解析：D　细节理解题，由第一段中的“Bustin Jieber” — which is a Justin Bieber whack-a-mole可知，Bustin Jieber是一款打地鼠游戏的应用程序。
5．What allowed the author possibilities to program?
A．His teacher's guidance.
B．Test apps on the App Store.
C．Apple's software development kit.
D．The Java programming language.
答案与解析：C　细节理解题。由第三段中的Apple released the iPhone with the software development kit... This opened up a whole new world of possibilities for me可知，本段作者介绍了他开始研发应用程序的过程。他先学会了多种编辑语言，后来苹果公司推出的iPhone软件开发工具包给他打开了程序设计之门。
6．What did the author do after he finished his test apps?
A．He bought an iPhone.
B．He met with Steve Jobs.
C．He sold them to the App Store.
D．He asked his parents for support.
答案与解析：D　推理判断题。由第三段中的I persuaded my parents to pay 99 dollars to be able to put my apps on the App Store. They agreed可知，作者劝说父母支持他的应用程序设计。
7．What's the author's future plan?
A．To set up an app club.
B．To design an Android app.
C．To put his apps on the App Store.
D．To share his apps with others for free.
答案与解析：B　细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的I'm working with a third party company to make an app. My next goal is to get into Android programming and development可知，作者未来的计划是研发安卓系统的应用程序。
C
The Center at Palos Park is planning to offer a nice Barn Dance (谷仓舞会) for those who enjoy modern Western dancing but don't want to lose the old-fashioned feel of the popular fall activity.
Line dancing has taken the place of square dancing this year, said Mark Walker, The Center's director of development, and nobody needs to worry about keeping up.
“It's easy and fun and there'll be clear directions from the workers and some other dancers，” Walker said.
The 13th Barn Dance takes place from 5 to 8：30 p．m. Sept. 9 at The Center's Childred's Farm, Palos Park.
A wooden floor made for dancing will take the place of part of the dirt floor in the large riding area of the barn, where hay bales (干草捆) are used for sitting and Italian lights are hung overhead — just the right touches to recreate an old-fashioned harvest (收获) dance of past years.
Dancing is only one of the activities. There's more to see and do.
“You don't even have to dance at all，” Walker said. “If you're not into dancing, it's fun just to come anyway.”
Tours of the farm and its many lovely animals continue until 7 p．m. Traditional harvest-time hayrack (有装草架的大车) rides will take guests on a half-mile journey around the working farm.
“The sun will be setting during most of that time. The light will be golden, and it's really just great to enjoy ...” he said.
If all goes well with the weather, rides continue throughout the evening, Walker said. He said the outdoor activities won't be hampered by a few raindrops. It will take a heavy rain to drive everyone inside, where the fun will continue.
“Dress for the weather，” Walker suggested, “but it is on, rain or shine... because there's a lot to do in the riding area.”
All activities are included in the $10 ticket price for children and adults. Food and drink will be provided but visitors will have to pay a little more.
主题：人与社会——艺术
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章介绍了一场地方谷仓舞会。
8．What's special about this year's Barn Dance?
A．It wants to attract more children.
B．It will be held in a different season.
C．It will give up old-fashioned line dancing.
D．It offers modern dancing in a traditional environment.
答案与解析：D　推理判断题。由第一段中的a nice Barn Dance for those who enjoy modern Western dancing but don't want to lose the old-fashioned feel of the popular fall activity.可知，今年的舞会是在传统氛围中跳现代舞。
9．What will the dancing place be like?
A．It will have hay seats.
B．It will have a dirt floor.
C．It will have a wooden door.
D．It will have Italian floor lights.
答案与解析：A　细节理解题。由第五段中的where hay bales are used for sitting可知，观众座位是干草铺成的。
10．What can those who are uninterested in dancing do?
A．Feed the animals. B．Help on the farm.
C．Watch the sunset. D．Drive hayracks.
答案与解析：C　细节理解题。由倒数第四段中的The sun will be setting during most of that time. The light will be golden, and it's really just great to enjoy可知，不喜欢跳舞的人可以欣赏日落。
11．What does the underlined word “hampered” probably mean?
A．Stopped. B．Developed.
C．Protected. D．Decided.
答案与解析：A　词义猜测题。由画线词后的It will take a heavy rain to drive everyone inside可知，前面是说一点点雨不会使活动“停止”。
Ⅱ.七选五
Keeping the memory (记忆力) in shape is important at any age, but it requires a bit more work as we grow. There are some simple activities that can improve your memory. __1__
Awaken your senses.
Use your senses to help your memory store needed information. __2__ You can ask yourself like this: Is the sky a light blue or deep purple? The more involved (参与的) you can be in the information, the easier it is for your brain to store it.
Use imagination and relation.
Trying to remember names? Let's say you meet a man named Frank Parker. __3__ Tie the two together by picturing Frank dressed up in a hot dog costume (服装) parking his car in the parking lot. Now each time you see Frank, you should easily recall his name.
Breathe (呼吸) deeply and relax.
__4__ Relax, breathe deeply and slowly and let your mind ease up for a minute. Being relaxed makes it easier for information to be both stored and remembered.
__5__
When you come upon something you need to remember, say to yourself, “Hey, pay attention and remember this！” You are giving yourself a wake-up call as well as giving your mind a marker that it can use to help in storing the new information.
A．Give yourself an order.
B．Get a good night's sleep.
C．Here are four of them to get you started.
D．Picture a hot dog for Frank and a car for Parker.
E．For example, note the colors of a picture you want to remember.
F．When we try hard to remember something we often become nervous.
G．The way you live influences not only your physical health but also your memory.
主题：人与自我——生活与学习
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。拥有良好的记忆力对于日常生活非常重要，有哪些简单的方法可以帮助人们保持并改善记忆力呢？
1．答案与解析：C　本空引起下文，C项符合此功能，其中them指代上文中的some simple activities, four of them则指下文所介绍的四种改善记忆力的方法。
2．答案与解析：E　E项中的colors与下文light blue 和deep purple在词汇层面相互衔接，构成上下文关系。
3．答案与解析：D　D项中的Frank和Parker复现上文Frank Parker，介绍如何通过想象和联想记忆人名。
4．答案与解析：F　本空后的一句话是针对F项所说问题的解决方案，且F项中的nervous与下文中的Relax和ease up形成反义关系。
5．答案与解析：A　本空应填一个小标题，选项中符合小标题特征的有A项和B项。下文say to yourself, “Hey, pay attention and remember this！”是给自己下命令，以使自己集中精力记忆信息，与A项语意一致。
课件29张PPT。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．We should face the reality (real) bravely that we don't have enough money for the project.
2．As the final examination drew/draws (draw) near, we must devote our spare time to study.
3．But personally (personal), I think it was a great success.
4．Kissing is one of the most universal (universe) acts of love — almost everyone does it at some point.
5．If there are too many contents or visitors on your website, it makes sense to simplify (simple) it and reduce your file size.
6．Editors should love to write, and they must be able to express ideas clearly and logically (logic)．
7．She was one of the most caring and intelligent (intelligence) people I've ever met.
8．The application (apply) of this technology will bring up a great revolution in fruit production.
9．Space exploration (explore) is often seen as an expensive adventure, with little return to the economy.
10．If we work together, the problem can be_solved (solve) easily.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Thomas Edison was born in 1847 in Ohio. People around found little Edison very bright because he often took things apart to see how they worked.
In the early 1860s, he created his first important invention, a telegraphic (电报的) repeater that could send messages over a second line. At 21, he invented an electrical vote recorder and got his first patent (专利) for it. The next year he designed an improved stock ticker, a kind of electronic communications medium, and then set up a company to produce it. In 1874, he invented the quadruplex telegraph, a type of electrical telegraph.
Edison built his first laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey when he was 30 years old. They often had several projects going at once, and it wasn't long before they started producing one invention after another, including such revolutionary inventions as the phonograph and the electric light.
The lab was successful because of Edison's inventive talent, his strong determination, and his ability to inspire his assistants' devotion by working so hard along with them and relaxing with them. The lab even had a pipe organ, a kind of musical instrument. After a long day of work, he would play the pipe organ while he and his assistants would sing along. The people who worked with him during those years would often say that those were the happiest days of their lives.
Edison's goal was to create a small invention every ten days and a big invention every six months. Edison once said, “I always invented to gain money to go on inventing”， so the money wasn't really the goal for him. The money was used to make sure that he could continue his work.
Eventually the lab at Menlo Park couldn't contain all of the work that he wanted to do, so Edison built a new laboratory complex in West Orange, New Jersey. Then he could undertake more projects with greater resources than had ever been possible before.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了爱迪生的部分发明成果及实验室。
1．What's the right time order for Edison's inventions mentioned in this passage?
A．A telegraphic repeater — a phonograph — an electrical vote recorder.
B．An electrical vote recorder — a phonograph — a quadruplex telegraph.
C．A quadruplex telegraph — an electrical vote recorder — a phonograph.
D．A telegraphic repeater — an electrical vote recorder — a quadruplex telegraph.
答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段的In the early 1860s, he created his first important invention... got his first patent for it.及In 1874, he invented the quadruplex telegraph, a type of electrical telegraph.可知， A telegraphic repeater是在19世纪60年代早期发明， An electrical vote recorder是1868年发明， A quadruplex telegraph是1874年发明，故可推出时间顺序。
2．Edison set up a company at 22 to ________.
A．sell his unique artwork
B．sell experimental materials
C．produce an electrical vote recorder
D．produce an improved stock ticker
答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段的The next year he designed... and then set up a company to produce it.可知，爱迪生成立公司是为了生产一种改进的stock ticker。
3．What did Edison use the money from his inventions for?
A．Helping the poor.
B．Traveling to Europe.
C．Building many schools.
D．Continuing his invention work.
答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第五段的Edison once said, “I always invented to gain money to go on inventing”， so the money wasn't really the goal for him. The money was used to make sure that he could continue his work.可知，Edison靠发明赚钱只是为了维持其发明工作。
4．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Edison was a talented and determined person.
B．Edison got his first patent because of the electric light.
C．Edison't first laboratory was in West Orange, New Jersey.
D．Edison showed no interest in inventing things in his childhood.
答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是第四段的The lab was successful because of Edison's inventive talent, his strong determination...可推断，爱迪生是一个有才能并且很坚定的人。
B
There are many things that America's veterans (老兵) wish you knew. The first and most important thing among them: You don't have to wear a cape (短斗篷) or mask to be a hero.
On Veterans Day, we're reminded that heroes live in cities, communities, and neighborhoods around the country — and they don't necessarily wear military (军人的) uniforms. Considering the uncertain times in which we live, we may feel that the world needs more heroes, and you could be one of them. You don't have to change the whole world! Just make it a better place and take one positive step at a time. In his book Heroes Wanted, Rodney Bullard, a U．S. Air Force Veteran and Chick-fil-A executive, explains how：
Start with recognizing the gifts of people in your community, and telling them about them. Maybe a teacher is extremely good at dealing with children, or a kid is performing really well in team sports. Tell them so! You will make others feel good about themselves, and you'll feel great about bringing sunshine into their lives. When you create an optimistic atmosphere in your neighborhood, you'll build trust and be able to solve even more difficult problems.
Do something nice for someone in need. When you open the door for an old man or volunteer at the local school, you're giving your time and energy to your community. You will become a hero to them because you're putting others ahead of yourself.
Reach out to other people and be a part of their lives. The simple act of reaching out shows people that you care about them and their well-being. The person with whom you connect can be completely different from you. What matters is that you show your interest in their lives. And they will no doubt think about the world of you. You'll be a hero to them.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。我们每一个人都可以成为一个英雄，因为让我们的社区变得更好就是英雄的行为。
5．What do we learn about heroes from Paragraph 2?
A．We all can be heroes today.
B．Heroes play different roles.
C．We all should respect heroes.
D．Heroes dream of changing the world.
答案与解析：A'推理判断题。根据第二段的Considering the uncertain times in which we live, we may feel that the world needs more heroes, and you could be one of them.可知，我们每个人都可以成为英雄。
6．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Things people don't know about themselves.
B．The gifts we receive from others.
C．The talents of people around us.
D．People in our community.
答案与解析：C'词义猜测题。根据第三段的Start with recognizing the gifts of people in your community, and telling them about...以及Maybe a teacher is extremely good at dealing with children, or a kid is performing really well in team sports. Tell them so！可知，画线词指代的是别人所拥有的天赋。
7．What is suggested by the author in Paragraph 4?
A．Wearing a cape to be a hero.
B．Accepting others' differences.
C．Giving others a hand when necessary.
D．Asking others for help when we're in need.
答案与解析：C'细节理解题。根据第四段的Do something nice for someone in need. When you open the door for an old man or volunteer at the local school, you're giving your time and energy to your community.可知，作者建议我们在必要的时候帮助他人。
8．What is the text mainly about?
A．How to be a hero today.
B．What veterans teach us.
C．What heroes usually do.
D．How to improve the community.
答案与解析：A'主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要是讲现在的我们该如何成为英雄。
Ⅲ.完形填空
Like many children with autism (自闭症), my son Noah loves planes. He carries a toy __1__ with him wherever he goes. Last month, Noah __2__ a 2008 Matchbox Sky Busters Continental Boeing 787-8 Dreamliner on the computer and became very __3__. Although his language is just three or four words at a time, he clearly told me “This is the little Continental I want！” __4__ enough, I thought, I usually have no problem finding toys on the Internet.
But this Matchbox Sky Buster, made only in 2008, was difficult to __5__. It was not on any of the places from which I had __6__ toys for Noah. I spent hours at the computer __7__ the plane. I discovered several Matchbox collectors online, and over the next few weeks I sent emails to them __8__ none of them had Noah's dream plane. So I decided to __9__ Matchbox in California. My email made its way to Abe Lugo, lead project designer (设计师) for Matchbox, who __10__ to let me know he was looking for the 2008 Continental Boeing 787-8.
While __11__ to hear good news from Abe at Matchbox, I continued my __12__. Although for weeks I had no __13__ on the Internet, I tried again and saw there was still no auction (拍卖) for Noah's dream plane! Noah's impatience was growing, and I was starting to lose __14__.
A week later, I received a(n) __15__ from Abe saying he had a plane in hand for Noah and would be __16__ it that afternoon!
Last week, we __17__ the package (包裹) from Abe. Noah opened it. He held the toy plane close to his face. He turned it over. He was filled with __18__.
We sent a __19__ to Abe, whom we haven't met or even talked to on the phone. I wanted Noah to say thank you in his own __20__. In the video, Noah says, “Thanks, Mr. Lugo. You're welcome, honey.”
主题：人与自我——生活与学习
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。作者的自闭症儿子想要一架2008年的Matchbox波音787-8模型飞机，作者花了几周的时间找遍了平时给儿子买玩具的所有地方，还是没找到。无奈之下，作者向Matchbox的首席设计师Abe Lugo求助。在Abe的帮助下，作者一家最终收到了儿子想要的模型飞机。
1．A.car B．gun
C．telephone D．plane
答案与解析：D'由上文中的my son Noah loves planes以及下文的描述可知，Noah不管到哪儿都带着一架玩具“飞机(plane)”。
2．A.sold B．collected
C．saw D．copied
答案与解析：C　结合句意：上个月Noah在网上看(see)到一个玩具飞机的信息。故选C。
3．A.worried B．interested
C．bored D．surprised
答案与解析：B'由下文中的he clearly told me “This is the little Continental I want！”可知，Noah偶然在电脑上“看到(saw)”一架2008年的Matchbox波音787-8梦想飞机，对它非常“感兴趣(interested)”。
4．A.Easy B．Hard
C．Expensive D．Cheap
答案与解析：A'由下文中的I usually have no problem finding toys on the Internet可知，“我”以为找到Noah想要的那架模型飞机是非常“容易的(Easy)”。
5．A.produce B．find
C．fly D．carry
答案与解析：B　结合句意：但这个却很难找到(find)。故选B。
6．A.bought B．made
C．provided D．prepared
答案与解析：A'由But以及上文中的I usually have no problem finding toys on the Internet可知，“我”发现Noah想要的那个模型飞机很难“找(find)”。“我”在平时给Noah“买(bought)”玩具的所有地方都找了。
7．A.playing with B. reading about
C．picking out D．looking for
答案与解析：D'由下文中的I discovered several Matchbox collectors online可知，“我”花了几个小时在网上“寻找(looking for)”那架模型飞机。
8．A.since B．but
C．so D．when
答案与解析：B'I sent emails to them与none of them had Noah's dream plane之间是转折关系，故填but。
9．A.visit B. head for
C．choose D．turn to
答案与解析：D'由下文中的My email made its way to Abe Lugo, lead project designer for Matchbox可知，于是，“我”决定向Matchbox首席设计师Abe Lugo“求助(turn to)”。
10．A.arrived B．accepted
C．replied D．helped
答案与解析：C'由上文中的My email made its way to Abe Lugo, lead project designer for Matchbox以及本句中的let me know he was looking for the 2008 Continental Boeing 787-8可知，Abe Lugo“回复(replied)”了“我”。
11．A.refusing B．hoping
C．promising D．offering
答案与解析：B　结合句意：我一边期待(hope)着能从那边听到好消息，一边……故选B。
12．A.search B．study
C．sleep D．speech
答案与解析：A'由上文中的My email made its way... he was looking for the 2008 Continental Boeing 787-8以及下文中的I tried again可知，“我”一边“希望(hoping)”收到Abe Lugo 的好消息，一边继续“寻找(search)”。
13．A.trouble B．fun
C．luck D．change
答案与解析：C'由上文中的over the next few weeks I sent emails to them... none of them had Noah's dream plane可知，“我”在网上找了几个星期，“运气(luck)”很不好，他们都没有Noah想要的模型飞机。
14．A.weight B．face
C．touch D．heart
答案与解析：D'由上文的描述以及本句中的Noah's impatience was growing可知，“我”开始“失去信心(lose heart)”。
15．A.email B．invitation
C．call D．prize
答案与解析：A'由本句中的saying he had a plane in hand for Noah以及最后一段中的to Abe... we haven't met or even talked to on the phone可知，“我”收到的应该是一封“邮件(email)”。
16．A.showing B．checking
C．shipping D．improving
答案与解析：C　结合句意：那天下午就将对玩具飞机进行检查(check)。故选C。
17．A.posted B．got
C．borrowed D．lost
答案与解析：B'由saying he had a plane in hand for Noah以及we... the package from Abe. Noah opened it可知，Abe说他手头有一架Noah想要的模型飞机，他下午会将它“运(shipping)”过来。上周，我们“收到了(got)”Abe的包裹。
18．A.happiness B．sadness
C．fear D．bravery
答案与解析：A'由上文中的He held the toy plane close to his face. He turned it over可知，收到模型飞机后，Noah非常“高兴(happiness)”。
19．A.postcard B．letter
C. picture D．video
答案与解析：D'由下文中的In the video可知，作者和儿子给Abe发了一段“视频(video)”。
20．A.words B．thoughts
C．time D．life
答案与解析：A'由上文中的his language is just three or four words at a time以及Noah在视频中所说的话可知，“我”想让Noah用他自己的“话(words)”对Abe表示感谢。
Section Ⅱ　Warming Up & Reading — Language Points
Ⅰ.核心单词
根据词义写出正确的单词
1．sum n. 总数；算术题；金额
2．anyhow adv. 无论如何； 即使如此
3．revolution n. 革命
4．reality n. 真实；事实；现实
5．operator n. (电脑)操作员；接线员
6．goal n. 目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词义写出正确的单词，并牢记拓展词汇
1．simplify vt.简化→simple adj.简单的
2．logical adj.合逻辑的；合情理的→logically adv.逻辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地→logic n．逻辑
3．technology n．工艺；科技；技术→technological adj.科技的
4．intelligence n．智力；聪明；智能→intelligent adj.智能的；聪明的
5．personal adj.私人的；个人的；亲自的→personally adv.就个人而言；亲自
6．solve vt.解决；解答→solution n．解决方法
7．application n．应用；用途；申请→apply v．应用；涉及；申请→applicant n．申请人；求职者
8．finance n．金融；财经→financial adj.财政的；金融的；资金的
9．explore vt.&vi.探索；探测；探究→explorer n．探险家；勘探者→exploration n．探索
10．happiness n．幸福，快乐→happy adj.幸福的， 快乐的
Ⅲ.阅读词汇
写出下列单词的汉语意义
1．calculate vt. 计算
2．universal adj. 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的
3．artificial adj. 人造的；假的
4．network n. 网络；网状物
5．mobile adj. 可移动的；机动的
6．rocket n. 火箭
7．Mars n. 火星
Ⅳ.重点短语
根据汉语意思补全短语
1．from... on 从……时起
2．as a result 结果
3．so... that... 如此……以至于……
4．since the 1970s 自20世纪70年代以来
5．have sth. in common 有共同之处
6．provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物
7．a devoted friend 一位忠诚的朋友
8．share sth.with sb. 与某人分享某事
Ⅴ.重点句型
1．It＋be/takes＋一段时间＋before...多久之后才……
I developed very slowly and it_took_nearly_two_hundred_years_before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.
我发育缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。
2．by意为“到……的时候”，谓语动词常用完成时
By the 1940s I_had_grown as large as a room, and I wondered if I would grow any larger.
到20世纪40年代，我已经长得像一间屋子那么大，我不知道是否还会长得更大。
3．as 引导时间状语从句，意为“随着……”
As_time_went_by,_I was made smaller.
随着时间的推移，我被做得更小了。
4．be to do sth.动词不定式作表语
Anyhow, my goal is_to_provide_humans_with a life of high quality.
不管怎样， 我的目标是为人类提供高质量的生活。
?第一板块|核心词汇诠释
1．have... in common与……有共同点，与……共有
(教材原句P17)In pairs discuss what they have in common.
同桌讨论一下它们有什么共同点。
have nothing/a lot in common (with...) 与……无/有许多共同之处
in common 共同；共有；共用
in common with... 和……一样
①To my surprise, although they are brothers, they have nothing in common.
令我惊讶的是，虽然他们是兄弟，但他们没有共同之处。
②In common with many young people, he prefers pop music to classical music.
和许多年轻人一样，他更喜欢流行音乐，不太喜欢古典音乐。
[即学即练]　单句写作
他们发现他们有很多共同之处，且彼此相处很好。
They found that they had_a_lot_in_common and got on well with each other.,
语境助记：
They are twin sisters, but they don't have much in common. However, in common with many other girls, they both dream of becoming famous singers one day.
他们是孪生姐妹，但没有什么共同之处。然而，和许多其他女孩一样，她们都梦想某一天成为著名的歌手。
2.solve vt.解决；解答
(经典佳句)We need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it.
我们在解决问题前需要找到其根源。
(1)solve a problem 解决一个问题
(2)solution n. 解决办法，处理手段
a solution to ... ……的解决方法
①We couldn't solve the problem by ourselves. So we should turn to our teacher for help.
我们自己无法解决这个问题， 因此我们应该向老师求助。
②There are still many problems to be solved before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
在我们准备在月球上长住之前，还有很多问题亟待解决。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
(1)It may take a long time to find a solution (solve) to the problem.
(2)With all problems solved (solve), I went to see a film with my friends.
发散思维：“解决问题”方法种种
①solve a problem
②settle a problem
③work out a problem
3.from... on...从……时起
(教材原句P18)From then on, I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower.
从那时起，我在体积和智能方面迅速增长。
from now on 从今以后
from then on 从那时起
from that day on 从那天起
①Please be more careful when you cross the street from now on.
从今以后你过马路时要更加小心。
②From that day on, the ending of the missing Amber Room remains a mystery.
从那天起，丢失的琥珀屋的结局仍是一个谜。
[即学即练]　 单句写作
(1)从现在起，我们应该更加注意保护环境。
From_now_on,_we should pay more attention to protecting the environment.
(2)1990年他们相识，从此两人一直保持联系。
They got to know each other in 1990 and from_then_on they remained in touch with each other.
主编点睛：
from... on...这个短语一般表示事物的开始点， 可与现在时、过去式、将来时态连用。
4.reality n．[U]现实；真实；[C]事实；实际经历；见过的事物
(教材原句P18)However, this reality also worried my designers.
但是，这个现实也使得我的设计者很担心。
(1)in reality 实际上
bring... back to reality 使……回到现实中来
turn... into a reality 把……变为现实
(2)real adj. 真实的
realize vt. 实现
He looked very confident and calm, but in reality he was extremely nervous.
他看上去自信且冷静，事实上他非常地紧张。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)His dream of becoming an athlete to take part in the Olympics has become a reality (real)．
(2)He was sure that all his plans would be realized (realize)．
(3)年轻时我们应该努力工作把“中国梦”变为现实。
We ought to work hard to turn_Chinese_dream_into_a_reality when we are young.
联想发散：“事实上”荟萃
in reality; in fact; as a matter of fact; actually
5.as a result结果
(经典佳句)As a result, they agreed to my advice, and everything went well as planned.
结果，他们赞同我的建议，一切按计划进展顺利。
(1)as a result“因此；结果”；副词短语，常作状语，使用时其前常有一个表示原因的句子。
(2)as a result of“由于/因为……的结果”，是介词短语，连接名词、代词、动名词。
①The traffic was very heavy, and as a result, I arrived late.
交通非常拥挤，因此我迟到了。
②The sports meeting has to be put off as a result of the weather.
由于天气原因，运动会不得不推迟。
[即学即练]　一句多译
他昨晚熬夜了，结果今天没有按时起床。
(1)He stayed up too late last night; as_a_result,_he didn't get up on time today.
(2)He didn't get up on time today as_a_result_of staying up too late last night
语境助记：
I happened to witness a terrible accident, which resulted in three people's death. As a result, I was late for class as a result of the heavy traffic.
我碰巧目睹了一场导致三人死亡的可怕事故，因此，由于交通拥挤，我上课迟到了。
6.totally adv.完全地；整个地
(教材原句P18)As a result I totally changed my shape.
因此，我已经完全改变了我的形状。
total adj. 总的；整个的
n. 总数；合计
in total 总共
a total of 总数，总共
①I totally agree with what you have said just now.
我完全同意你刚刚说的话。
②The young man was fined 300 yuan in total for speeding.
这个年轻人因超速总计罚款300元。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
(1)Although they come from totally (total) different cultures, they get along well with each other.
(2)In total, the salesman charged me 5,000 yuan for the computer.
发散思维：“完全的”表达种种
①totally
②completely
③entirely
7.application n．应用；用途；申请
(教材原句P18)Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.
从20世纪70年代起，我又被开发出了很多新的用途。
(1)application form 申请表
(2)apply v. 应用；申请
apply for... 申请……
①I would be very grateful if you could kindly consider my application.
如果你能诚恳地考虑我的申请，我会很感激的。
②The technology has a wide application in IT field.
这项技术在信息工业领域得到了广泛应用。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
(1)I'd appreciate it if you can help me fill in the application (apply) form for a new passport?
(2)I'm writing to_apply (apply) for the position as a student volunteer.
语境助记：
Any applicant who would like to apply for the position must fill in an application form and send us an application before December 10.
任何想要申请这个职位的申请人必须填写申请表，并在12月10日前给我们发送申请。
8.explore vt.& vi.探索；探测；探究
(教材原句P18)I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars.
我甚至还被放置在航空火箭里去探测月球和火星。
exploration n. [C，U]探索
explorer n. 探险者
①I'm going to take advantage of this tour to explore the history of the castle.
我打算利用这次旅行探索城堡的历史。
②His dream of being an explorer has become a reality.他成为探险者的梦想已成为现实。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
(1)They set up a scientific organization to_explore (explore) the unknown world.
(2)Space exploration (explore) is often seen as an expensive adventure, with little return to the economy.
发散思维：加后缀-er的名词荟萃
①explore→explorer n. 探险者
②work→worker n. 工人
③teach→teacher n. 老师
④sing→singer n．歌手
⑤write→writer n. 作家
9.anyhow adv.(也作anyway)无论如何；即使如此；反正；而且；尽管
(教材原句P18)Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.
不管怎样，我的目标是为人类提供高质量的生活。
(1)anyhow＝anyway adv. 不管怎样；无论如何；即使如此
(2)somehow adv. 以某种方式；不知怎么地
①Anyhow I disagree with him.反正我不同意他的看法。
②Anyhow/Anyway, we must finish the work today.
无论如何，今天我们必须完成这项工作。
[即学即练]　单句写作
我们恐怕去不了了，不过还是感谢你的邀请。
I am afraid we can't come, but thanks for your invitation anyhow.
名师指津：
anyhow; anyway“无论如何， 不管怎样”常用于转移话题、结束谈话或回到原话题。
?第二板块|重点句型解构
1．句型公式：It takes＋时间段＋before＋从句……表示“过了多久才……”
(教材原句P18)I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.
我发展缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯·巴贝奇才把我制成了一台分析机。
(1)It takes＋时间段＋before＋从句……表示“过了多久才……”
(2)It will (not) be＋时间段＋before＋从句(一般现在时)要过多久才……(用不了多久就……)
(3)It was (not)＋时间段＋before＋从句(一般过去时)
过了多久才……(没过多久就……)
①It took months before we solved the financial problem of our company.
我们花了几个月的时间才解决了公司的财务问题。
②It will be half a year before you graduate from the school.
还有半年你才从这所学校毕业。
[即学即练]　单句写作
如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再获得一次。
If you miss this chance, it_may_be_years_before you get another one.
发散思维：
It is ＋some time since...自从……
As far as I know, it is five years since he joined the army.
据我所知，他参军已经五年了。
2.句型公式：as意为“随着”，引导时间状语从句。
(教材原句P18)As time went by, I was made smaller.
随着时间的推移，我被做得更小了。
(1)as是连词，意为“随着”，引导时间状语从句。
(2)with是介词，意为“随着”，后接名词或代词等构成with短语或with复合结构。
①As time went by, he realized that health was more important than wealth.
随着时间的流逝，他开始意识到，健康重于财富。
②As the deadline drew near, I worked harder.
随着截止日期的来临，我工作得更勤奋了。
[即学即练]　一句多译
随着长大，她变得更漂亮了。
(1)As she grows (grow) up, she becomes more beautiful.
(2)With her growing (grow) up, she becomes more beautiful.
名师指津：
as还有“按照”的含义呦！
When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
入乡随俗
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Nowadays more and more people go to the stadium with the goal (目标) of improving physical health.
2．Because of modern technology (技术), we love a life of high quality.
3．To his disappointment, his application (申请) for the membership of the organization was turned down.
4．With the help of his friends, he finally solved (解决) the problem.
5．Although they come from totally (完全的) different cultures, they get along well with each other.
6．They must have a(n) intelligence (智力) test before taking the job.
7．This is actually a bit hard to explain, but I'll give it a try anyhow/anyway (无论如何)．
8．Emergency line operator (操作员) must always stay calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help.
9．Computer programming needs someone with a logical (合逻辑的) mind.
10．The main goal of our research is to calculate (计算) the number of the people who are out of work.
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．As housing price is going up fast, ordinary people find it harder to afford one.
＝With housing price going_up_fast,_ordinary people find it harder to afford one.
随着房价的迅速攀升，普通人发现支付一套房子越来越难了。
2．Henry fell from his bike and broke his leg. As_a_result,_he had to be away from school for three months.
亨利从自行车上掉了下来，摔断了腿。结果，他三个月没有来学校。
3．He was so_honest_a_boy_that/such_an_honest_boy_that he was praised by the teacher.
他是一个那么诚实的男孩以至于受到了老师的表扬。
4．It_will_be_half_an_hour_before they leave the reading room.
要过半个小时，他们才离开阅览室。
5．Share_your_happiness_with_others,_and you will get more happiness.
和别人分享你的快乐，你就会得到更多的快乐。
6．I have found that she had_a_lot_in_common_with_her_mother.
我发现她和她母亲有许多相似之处。
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
No one could recognize me after I got my new transistors in 1.the 1960s. There were times when my size was 2.totally (total) changed. I became smaller and thinner but I got cleverer and cleverer, quicker and quicker. And my memory became so large 3.that I couldn't believe it！But I was always so lonely 4.standing (stand) there by myself. They gave me a family 5.connected (connect) by a network in the early 1960s.I could share information with 6.others and we could talk to each other. At about the same time we learned to talk to humans using BASIC.I 7.was_brought (bring) into people's homes in the 1970s. Since then, my family and I 8.have_been_used (use) by billions of people to deal with information and communicate with each other around the world. I love being used to connect people who aren't close enough 9.to_speak (speak) to each other. I have 10.truly (true) been built to serve the human race since my birth.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．We should face the reality (real) bravely that we don't have enough money for the project.
2．As the final examination drew/draws (draw) near, we must devote our spare time to study.
3．But personally (personal), I think it was a great success.
4．Kissing is one of the most universal (universe) acts of love — almost everyone does it at some point.
5．If there are too many contents or visitors on your website, it makes sense to simplify (simple) it and reduce your file size.
6．Editors should love to write, and they must be able to express ideas clearly and logically (logic)．
7．She was one of the most caring and intelligent (intelligence) people I've ever met.
8．The application (apply) of this technology will bring up a great revolution in fruit production.
9．Space exploration (explore) is often seen as an expensive adventure, with little return to the economy.
10．If we work together, the problem can be_solved (solve) easily.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Thomas Edison was born in 1847 in Ohio. People around found little Edison very bright because he often took things apart to see how they worked.
In the early 1860s, he created his first important invention, a telegraphic (电报的) repeater that could send messages over a second line. At 21, he invented an electrical vote recorder and got his first patent (专利) for it. The next year he designed an improved stock ticker, a kind of electronic communications medium, and then set up a company to produce it. In 1874, he invented the quadruplex telegraph, a type of electrical telegraph.
Edison built his first laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey when he was 30 years old. They often had several projects going at once, and it wasn't long before they started producing one invention after another, including such revolutionary inventions as the phonograph and the electric light.
The lab was successful because of Edison's inventive talent, his strong determination, and his ability to inspire his assistants' devotion by working so hard along with them and relaxing with them. The lab even had a pipe organ, a kind of musical instrument. After a long day of work, he would play the pipe organ while he and his assistants would sing along. The people who worked with him during those years would often say that those were the happiest days of their lives.
Edison's goal was to create a small invention every ten days and a big invention every six months. Edison once said, “I always invented to gain money to go on inventing”， so the money wasn't really the goal for him. The money was used to make sure that he could continue his work.
Eventually the lab at Menlo Park couldn't contain all of the work that he wanted to do, so Edison built a new laboratory complex in West Orange, New Jersey. Then he could undertake more projects with greater resources than had ever been possible before.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了爱迪生的部分发明成果及实验室。
1．What's the right time order for Edison's inventions mentioned in this passage?
A．A telegraphic repeater — a phonograph — an electrical vote recorder.
B．An electrical vote recorder — a phonograph — a quadruplex telegraph.
C．A quadruplex telegraph — an electrical vote recorder — a phonograph.
D．A telegraphic repeater — an electrical vote recorder — a quadruplex telegraph.
答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段的In the early 1860s, he created his first important invention... got his first patent for it.及In 1874, he invented the quadruplex telegraph, a type of electrical telegraph.可知， A telegraphic repeater是在19世纪60年代早期发明， An electrical vote recorder是1868年发明， A quadruplex telegraph是1874年发明，故可推出时间顺序。
2．Edison set up a company at 22 to ________.
A．sell his unique artwork
B．sell experimental materials
C．produce an electrical vote recorder
D．produce an improved stock ticker
答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段的The next year he designed... and then set up a company to produce it.可知，爱迪生成立公司是为了生产一种改进的stock ticker。
3．What did Edison use the money from his inventions for?
A．Helping the poor.
B．Traveling to Europe.
C．Building many schools.
D．Continuing his invention work.
答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第五段的Edison once said, “I always invented to gain money to go on inventing”， so the money wasn't really the goal for him. The money was used to make sure that he could continue his work.可知，Edison靠发明赚钱只是为了维持其发明工作。
4．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Edison was a talented and determined person.
B．Edison got his first patent because of the electric light.
C．Edison't first laboratory was in West Orange, New Jersey.
D．Edison showed no interest in inventing things in his childhood.
答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是第四段的The lab was successful because of Edison's inventive talent, his strong determination...可推断，爱迪生是一个有才能并且很坚定的人。
B
There are many things that America's veterans (老兵) wish you knew. The first and most important thing among them: You don't have to wear a cape (短斗篷) or mask to be a hero.
On Veterans Day, we're reminded that heroes live in cities, communities, and neighborhoods around the country — and they don't necessarily wear military (军人的) uniforms. Considering the uncertain times in which we live, we may feel that the world needs more heroes, and you could be one of them. You don't have to change the whole world! Just make it a better place and take one positive step at a time. In his book Heroes Wanted, Rodney Bullard, a U．S. Air Force Veteran and Chick-fil-A executive, explains how：
Start with recognizing the gifts of people in your community, and telling them about them. Maybe a teacher is extremely good at dealing with children, or a kid is performing really well in team sports. Tell them so! You will make others feel good about themselves, and you'll feel great about bringing sunshine into their lives. When you create an optimistic atmosphere in your neighborhood, you'll build trust and be able to solve even more difficult problems.
Do something nice for someone in need. When you open the door for an old man or volunteer at the local school, you're giving your time and energy to your community. You will become a hero to them because you're putting others ahead of yourself.
Reach out to other people and be a part of their lives. The simple act of reaching out shows people that you care about them and their well-being. The person with whom you connect can be completely different from you. What matters is that you show your interest in their lives. And they will no doubt think about the world of you. You'll be a hero to them.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。我们每一个人都可以成为一个英雄，因为让我们的社区变得更好就是英雄的行为。
5．What do we learn about heroes from Paragraph 2?
A．We all can be heroes today.
B．Heroes play different roles.
C．We all should respect heroes.
D．Heroes dream of changing the world.
答案与解析：A'推理判断题。根据第二段的Considering the uncertain times in which we live, we may feel that the world needs more heroes, and you could be one of them.可知，我们每个人都可以成为英雄。
6．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Things people don't know about themselves.
B．The gifts we receive from others.
C．The talents of people around us.
D．People in our community.
答案与解析：C'词义猜测题。根据第三段的Start with recognizing the gifts of people in your community, and telling them about...以及Maybe a teacher is extremely good at dealing with children, or a kid is performing really well in team sports. Tell them so！可知，画线词指代的是别人所拥有的天赋。
7．What is suggested by the author in Paragraph 4?
A．Wearing a cape to be a hero.
B．Accepting others' differences.
C．Giving others a hand when necessary.
D．Asking others for help when we're in need.
答案与解析：C'细节理解题。根据第四段的Do something nice for someone in need. When you open the door for an old man or volunteer at the local school, you're giving your time and energy to your community.可知，作者建议我们在必要的时候帮助他人。
8．What is the text mainly about?
A．How to be a hero today.
B．What veterans teach us.
C．What heroes usually do.
D．How to improve the community.
答案与解析：A'主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要是讲现在的我们该如何成为英雄。
Ⅲ.完形填空
Like many children with autism (自闭症), my son Noah loves planes. He carries a toy __1__ with him wherever he goes. Last month, Noah __2__ a 2008 Matchbox Sky Busters Continental Boeing 787-8 Dreamliner on the computer and became very __3__. Although his language is just three or four words at a time, he clearly told me “This is the little Continental I want！” __4__ enough, I thought, I usually have no problem finding toys on the Internet.
But this Matchbox Sky Buster, made only in 2008, was difficult to __5__. It was not on any of the places from which I had __6__ toys for Noah. I spent hours at the computer __7__ the plane. I discovered several Matchbox collectors online, and over the next few weeks I sent emails to them __8__ none of them had Noah's dream plane. So I decided to __9__ Matchbox in California. My email made its way to Abe Lugo, lead project designer (设计师) for Matchbox, who __10__ to let me know he was looking for the 2008 Continental Boeing 787-8.
While __11__ to hear good news from Abe at Matchbox, I continued my __12__. Although for weeks I had no __13__ on the Internet, I tried again and saw there was still no auction (拍卖) for Noah's dream plane! Noah's impatience was growing, and I was starting to lose __14__.
A week later, I received a(n) __15__ from Abe saying he had a plane in hand for Noah and would be __16__ it that afternoon!
Last week, we __17__ the package (包裹) from Abe. Noah opened it. He held the toy plane close to his face. He turned it over. He was filled with __18__.
We sent a __19__ to Abe, whom we haven't met or even talked to on the phone. I wanted Noah to say thank you in his own __20__. In the video, Noah says, “Thanks, Mr. Lugo. You're welcome, honey.”
主题：人与自我——生活与学习
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。作者的自闭症儿子想要一架2008年的Matchbox波音787-8模型飞机，作者花了几周的时间找遍了平时给儿子买玩具的所有地方，还是没找到。无奈之下，作者向Matchbox的首席设计师Abe Lugo求助。在Abe的帮助下，作者一家最终收到了儿子想要的模型飞机。
1．A.car B．gun
C．telephone D．plane
答案与解析：D'由上文中的my son Noah loves planes以及下文的描述可知，Noah不管到哪儿都带着一架玩具“飞机(plane)”。
2．A.sold B．collected
C．saw D．copied
答案与解析：C　结合句意：上个月Noah在网上看(see)到一个玩具飞机的信息。故选C。
3．A.worried B．interested
C．bored D．surprised
答案与解析：B'由下文中的he clearly told me “This is the little Continental I want！”可知，Noah偶然在电脑上“看到(saw)”一架2008年的Matchbox波音787-8梦想飞机，对它非常“感兴趣(interested)”。
4．A.Easy B．Hard
C．Expensive D．Cheap
答案与解析：A'由下文中的I usually have no problem finding toys on the Internet可知，“我”以为找到Noah想要的那架模型飞机是非常“容易的(Easy)”。
5．A.produce B．find
C．fly D．carry
答案与解析：B　结合句意：但这个却很难找到(find)。故选B。
6．A.bought B．made
C．provided D．prepared
答案与解析：A'由But以及上文中的I usually have no problem finding toys on the Internet可知，“我”发现Noah想要的那个模型飞机很难“找(find)”。“我”在平时给Noah“买(bought)”玩具的所有地方都找了。
7．A.playing with B. reading about
C．picking out D．looking for
答案与解析：D'由下文中的I discovered several Matchbox collectors online可知，“我”花了几个小时在网上“寻找(looking for)”那架模型飞机。
8．A.since B．but
C．so D．when
答案与解析：B'I sent emails to them与none of them had Noah's dream plane之间是转折关系，故填but。
9．A.visit B. head for
C．choose D．turn to
答案与解析：D'由下文中的My email made its way to Abe Lugo, lead project designer for Matchbox可知，于是，“我”决定向Matchbox首席设计师Abe Lugo“求助(turn to)”。
10．A.arrived B．accepted
C．replied D．helped
答案与解析：C'由上文中的My email made its way to Abe Lugo, lead project designer for Matchbox以及本句中的let me know he was looking for the 2008 Continental Boeing 787-8可知，Abe Lugo“回复(replied)”了“我”。
11．A.refusing B．hoping
C．promising D．offering
答案与解析：B　结合句意：我一边期待(hope)着能从那边听到好消息，一边……故选B。
12．A.search B．study
C．sleep D．speech
答案与解析：A'由上文中的My email made its way... he was looking for the 2008 Continental Boeing 787-8以及下文中的I tried again可知，“我”一边“希望(hoping)”收到Abe Lugo 的好消息，一边继续“寻找(search)”。
13．A.trouble B．fun
C．luck D．change
答案与解析：C'由上文中的over the next few weeks I sent emails to them... none of them had Noah's dream plane可知，“我”在网上找了几个星期，“运气(luck)”很不好，他们都没有Noah想要的模型飞机。
14．A.weight B．face
C．touch D．heart
答案与解析：D'由上文的描述以及本句中的Noah's impatience was growing可知，“我”开始“失去信心(lose heart)”。
15．A.email B．invitation
C．call D．prize
答案与解析：A'由本句中的saying he had a plane in hand for Noah以及最后一段中的to Abe... we haven't met or even talked to on the phone可知，“我”收到的应该是一封“邮件(email)”。
16．A.showing B．checking
C．shipping D．improving
答案与解析：C　结合句意：那天下午就将对玩具飞机进行检查(check)。故选C。
17．A.posted B．got
C．borrowed D．lost
答案与解析：B'由saying he had a plane in hand for Noah以及we... the package from Abe. Noah opened it可知，Abe说他手头有一架Noah想要的模型飞机，他下午会将它“运(shipping)”过来。上周，我们“收到了(got)”Abe的包裹。
18．A.happiness B．sadness
C．fear D．bravery
答案与解析：A'由上文中的He held the toy plane close to his face. He turned it over可知，收到模型飞机后，Noah非常“高兴(happiness)”。
19．A.postcard B．letter
C. picture D．video
答案与解析：D'由下文中的In the video可知，作者和儿子给Abe发了一段“视频(video)”。
20．A.words B．thoughts
C．time D．life
答案与解析：A'由上文中的his language is just three or four words at a time以及Noah在视频中所说的话可知，“我”想让Noah用他自己的“话(words)”对Abe表示感谢。
课件52张PPT。Section Ⅲ　Learning about Language
现在完成时的被动语态
[新知导引]
1．(教材原句P18)Over time I have_been_changed (change) quite a lot.
2．(教材原句P18)Since the 1970s many new applications have_been_found (find) for me.
3．(教材原句P18)I have_been_used (use) in offices and homes since the 1970s.
4．The ink has_not_been_removed from the clothes.
5．Haven't your problem been solved?
6．How many buildings have_been_built in your school?
[共性呈现]
1．以上几句中的时态和语态是 现在完成时的被动语态。
2．以上几句中第①②③句是该时态的 肯定句式；第④句是 否定句式；第⑤句是 一般疑问句式；第⑥句是 特殊疑问句式。
[语法精释]
一、结构
肯定式
主语＋have/has been done...
否定式
主语＋have/has not been done...
一般疑问式
Have/Has＋主语＋been done...？
特殊疑问式
疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done...？
①He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting.
他已被挑选出来参加运动会。
②The ink has not been removed from his overcoat.
墨迹还没有从他外套上去掉。
③Has the date for the next meeting been decided?
下次会议的日期已决定了吗？
④How long has the battery not been changed?
电池多久没有更换了？
[即时演练1]　变换句子
The children have already been told the good news.
(1)将上面的句子变为否定句。
The_children_haven't_been_told_the_good_news_yet.
(2)将上面的句子变为一般疑问句。
Have_the_children_been_told_the_good_news_yet?
(3)将上面的句子对the children进行提问。
Who_has_been_told_the_good_news_yet?
二、用法
1．现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与already, yet, just, never, recently等副词连用。
The machine has already been repaired.
机器已经修好了。
2．表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long...？”句型中。
Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours.
公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时了。
How long has this film been shown?
这部电影已放映多长时间了？
3．用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
You shouldn't leave school before your homework has been finished.
在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。
[名师点津]　常与现在完成时连用的时间状语：
already 已经
yet 已经
recently/lately 最近
since then 从那时起
ever since 自那以来
ever 曾经
so far 迄今为止
for a long time 很长一段时间
by now 到现在为止
in recent years 在最近几年里
in/during/over the past/last years 在过去的几年里
[即时演练2]　
(1)用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子
①Jack's boss has always praised him for his devotion to work.
→Jack has_always_been_praised by his boss for his devotion to work.
②They have found a good place to build a temple in the village.
→A good place has_been_found to build a temple in the village.
③We haven't yet decided how to solve that difficult technological problem.
→How to solve that difficult technological problem hasn't_been_decided yet.
(2)补全句子
①I will go home when my homework has_been_finished.
当我的家庭作业完成时我就回家。
②Paper money has_been_used for over one thousand years.
纸币已被使用了1,000多年了。
三、注意事项
1．只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
His boss has already punished him.
→He has already been punished (by his boss)．
2．带有双宾语的动词，如give, send, bring, take, teach, show, tell, make, sing, write, read, sell, buy, pay, lend, pass, promise等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。
The company has given him a chance to work abroad recently.
→He has been given a chance to work abroad recently (by the company)．
→A chance to work abroad has been given to him recently (by the company)．
[即时演练3]　将下面句子变为被动语态
(1)I have asked her to help you.
→She_has_been_asked_to_help_you.
(2)We have planted many trees on the hill in the last 5 years.
→Many_trees_have_been_planted_on_the_hill_in_the_last_5_years.
(3)He has sent me an e-mail.
→I_have_been_sent_an_e-mail.
→An_e-mail_has_been_sent_to_me.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Their new house has been decorated (decorate) for two months and they will settle in it in the near future.
2．All the athletes have_been_selected (select) from millions of people all over the country in the past two months.
3．A new library in our school has_been_set (set) up so far and they will be put into use very soon.
4．A great many machines have_been_produced (produce) by the factory since the technological revolution.
5．Great changes have_taken (take) place in my hometown and you can see that a lot of factories have_been_set (set) up.
6．It's the first time that the old computer has_been_checked (check) since I bought it.
7．Since your work has_been_finished (finish), you can have a rest now.
8．More than 100 famous films have_been_shown (show) in the city since July.
9．Tom's novel has not been_published (publish)．
10．Three new schools have_been_opened (open) in our city in the past five years.
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．The_boys_have_been_told_many_times (男孩们已经被多次告知) not to swim in that lake, but it doesn't make any difference.
2．We are glad to be told that Li Tao has_been_admitted_to_Fudan_University (已经被复旦大学录取) for his top score in the Maths Contest.
3．With the help of high technology, more and more new materials have_been_discovered (已经被发现) in the past years.
4．When and where to go for the on-salary holiday has_not_been_decided (没有确定) yet.
5．Though we don't know what was discussed, yet we can feel the topic has_been_changed (改变了)．
6．People's health has_been_greatly_affected (受到了很大的影响) by air, noise and water.
Ⅲ.语法填空
As a student in college, getting your first car 1.________ (be) an exciting event. However, since students 2.________ (general) do not have any experience in buying cars, it's a good idea to do some research first. Here are some useful 3.________ (suggest) for students on buying a car.
Firstly, you need to take costs 4.________ consideration. Some cars break down more often than others and need much money, so make sure to remember this when 5.________ (choose) a car.
If you can't afford insurance, then you might not be ready 6.________ (buy) a car. If you shop around, you may be able to find a better price than just going along with 7.________ first company you contact. Ask about good student discounts(折扣)—many insurance companies offer a 8.________ (low) rate if you have good grades.
If you do a lot of driving, 9.________ will be in your best interests to pick a car that saves gas.
Be sure to read the contract (合同) and check 10.________ there are any unexpected costs. If you don't understand something, ask!
【语篇解读】　对大学生来说，买车是一件大事，但是因为没有经验，事先多调查研究是明智之举。本文给出了一些建议。
1．答案与解析：is　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。getting做主语，谓语用单数，且文章描述一般事实，故用一般现在时。
2．答案与解析：generally　考查副词。所填词修饰谓语动词，因此需要用副词形式。
3．答案与解析：suggestions　考查名词。根据前面的some useful可知，此处表示“一些有用的建议”，故填名词suggestions。
4．答案与解析：into　考查介词。take sth. into consideration意为“把……考虑在内”。
5．答案与解析：choosing　考查非谓语动词。此处在when后填v.-ing形式作状语， when choosing＝when you are choosing。
6．答案与解析：to buy　考查非谓语动词。be ready to do sth.意为“准备好做某事”。
7．答案与解析：the　考查冠词。在序数词first前面用定冠词the。
8．答案与解析：lower　考查形容词的比较级。根据上文的Ask about good student discounts(折扣)可知，这里是指如果学习成绩好，就能获得更低的价格。
9．答案与解析：it　考查代词。此处it作形式主语，真正的主语是本句中的不定式。
10．答案与解析：if/whether　考查宾语从句。根据句意可知，此处填表示“是否”的连接词引导宾语从句。
课件24张PPT。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I was told the Learning Center provides help for students and I'm anxious to get help from you.
2．He recognized that most of his mistakes arose (arise) from his nervousness in the exam.
3．Personally (person), I think the best present is not necessarily the most expensive one.
4．Your main task today is to_help (help) your mother wash the curtains.
5．In many people's opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant to_deal (deal) with.
6．In order to make sure that his children were safe while playing on the beach, he kept watching (watch) over them all the time.
7．With the help of Mrs. Brown, I have made great progress in my study.
8．We were talking about the TV play, and his sudden appearance (appear) stopped our conversation.
9．The traffic policeman signaled the driver to_stop (stop) for a check.
10．Professor Smith is so busy with the research that he has no time left for any other activity.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
I never wanted to go to kindergarten (幼儿园), or leave home at all. I spent my first five years within the loving arms of my family, and when the time came for me to begin school at PS 116 in Brooklyn, I was sure that no one would keep me safe. But I was so lucky to meet Mrs. Heyman. Not only did she make me feel safe, she let me know that I was special.
Kindergarten was a fearful experience for me. I was a shy child who hated being separated from my mommy. Mrs. Heyman was a kind and patient teacher who tried to get me to stop crying each morning after I asked for one last kiss.
She would distract (转移……的注意力) me with pens and colorful paper and by playing beautiful music. It seemed the feeling of being an artist distracted me from my separation unhappiness, allowing me to attend class as the tears ran down my face. I also loved to sing and dance, and performed (表演) the Virginia reel — a kind of dance — when the principal (校长), Mr. Barton, visited our class.
Mr. Barton was an old, serious man who liked to walk behind children who behaved badly and shout, “Behave！” I was afraid of being shouted at by him, and practiced the dance with my classmates until Mrs. Heyman told us we were perfect.
Unluckily, I was so nervous before Mr. Barton's visit that I wet myself. Mrs. Heyman calmly took me to the bathroom and told me to change into new clothes, drying my tears all the while, never showing judgment.
As I performed, Mr. Barton cheered. Pleased, I bravely stepped up to the front of the classroom and threw kisses in Mrs. Heyman's direction.
I was lucky to have her again for the first grade, and learned to love school and learning. She was right about living my life without long-lasting attention from my mommy.
主题：人与自我——生活与学习
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。作者回忆了在幼儿园期间给予自己帮助和鼓励的老师。
1．What was the author's life like before he went to kindergarten?
A．Busy. B．Happy.
C．Lonely. D．Unsafe.
答案与解析：B'推理判断题。由第一段中的I spent my first five years within the loving arms of my family可知，作者上幼儿园之前过着开心的生活。
2．How did Mrs. Heyman draw the author's attention away from separation unhappiness?
A．By letting him do art.
B．By giving him a kiss.
C．By dancing with him.
D．By inviting his mother to school.
答案与解析：A'细节理解题。由第三段中的It seemed the feeling of being an artist distracted me from my separation unhappiness可知，老师让作者参加一些艺术活动以转移他的注意力。
3．What can be learned about Mr. Barton?
A．He was always friendly.
B．He was strict with the students.
C．He was interested in performing.
D．He was full of praise for the author.
答案与解析：B'推理判断题。由第四段中的Mr. Barton was an old, serious man who liked to walk behind children who behaved badly and shout，“Behave！”可知，校长非常严厉。
4．What happened before the author's performance?
A．He got himself in a mess.
B．He received ill-treatment.
C．He failed to find his new clothes.
D．He visited the bathroom many times.
答案与解析：A'细节理解题。由第五段中的Unluckily, I was so nervous before Mr. Barton's visit that I wet myself可知，上台前作者尿了裤子，把自己弄得一团糟。
B
Tim Berners-Lee is a British computer scientist who is famous for inventing the World Wide Web (WWW). Berners-Lee created a system to be able to see web pages through the Internet. He also serves as a director for the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) which makes standard for the Internet and the World Wide Web. Berners-Lee is also concerned about problems on the Internet.
Tim Berners-Lee was born on 8th, June 1955 in London. After graduating from Emanuel School, he went to Queen's College, Oxford University, where he received a first-class degree in physics. After graduation, he worked in a printing firm in Plessey, Poole. From 1980, he worked at CERN in Switzerland. While he was at CERN, Berners-Lee developed a program called Enquire. It could store information in documents that contained connections (“links”) both within and among different documents — a method that became known as hypertext (超文本). After leaving CERN, Berners-Lee worked for Image Computer Systems Ltd., located in Ferndown, Dorset, where he designed many computer systems. In 1989, Berners-Lee wanted to create a hypertext document system that would make use of the Internet. He wanted to provide researchers with the ability to share their results, methods, and practices without having to exchange e-mails frequently. Instead, researchers would put such information “online”， where other researchers could immediately find it anytime, day or night.
In 1994, Berners-Lee founded W3C at the Laboratory of Computer Science (LCS) at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston. This is an organization that tries to improve the quality and standard of the World Wide Web. He could have earned a lot of money for his invention, but he decided to offer the World Wide Web for free. Berners-Lee said if he hadn't created the World Wide Web, someone else would have come up with a free idea later. However, others argue that Berners-Lee played a very important role in developing the Internet.
【语篇解读】　英国电脑科学家Tim Berners-Lee创造了World Wide Web，让联网的电脑可以浏览网页。如此伟大的发明，并未给他带来任何经济利益，他放弃了专利权，免费供全世界使用。
5．Tim Berners-Lee is well-known because ________.
A．he invented the World Wide Web
B．he created many famous web pages
C．he organized the World Wide Web Consortium
D．he made standard for the Internet and the World Wide Web
答案与解析：A'细节理解题。根据第一段的Tim Berners-Lee is a British computer scientist who is famous for inventing the World Wide Web (WWW)．可知，Tim Berners-Lee以发明了万维网而出名。
6．What can we learn about Tim Berners-Lee from the last paragraph?
A．People consider him responsible.
B．He is very proud of his achievements.
C．People think highly of his achievements.
D．He received much support from his family.
答案与解析：C'推理判断题。根据最后一段中最后一句话的描述可知，人们对Tim Berners-Lee的成就评价很高。
7．What kind of person is Tim Berners-Lee most probably?
A．Selfless. B．Shy.
C．Honest. D．Hard-working.
答案与解析：A'推理判断题。根据最后一段的描述可知，Tim Berners-Lee是个无私的人。
8．What might be the best title of the passage?
A．The important role of W3C.
B．The development of the Internet.
C．Tim Berners-Lee's childhood story.
D．Tim Berners-Lee and the World Wide Web.
答案与解析：D'主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了英国电脑科学家Tim Berners-Lee创造了World wide Web，并简单介绍了此项发明。
Ⅲ.完形填空
I was born into a middle-class family and I have two elder sisters. Four years back, my eldest sister got married, __1__ $20,000. This year, it's my second elder sister's turn. But money became a __2__. We only had $10,000. So Mom __3__ her gold belongings secretly. __4__， I pursued my master degree in the best engineering college and my father spent $7,000 for me. We spent all the money of our family. My parents often got __5__ about how we could make a living in the coming days.
I was in the final year of college and I tried to find a job to __6__ my family. You may not believe I had so good __7__ that I could easily attract a room of people during a(n) __8__. Then in one company, I passed 5 rounds of interviews with ease. However, I was __9__ in the sixth round. That day was the __10__ in my life. But I was a little__11__ and never gave up easily, so I managed to __12__ that day and prepared for another company. Then, on Feb, 6,2018, I __13__ a company that was nearest to my hometown after learning about its profile (概况) and finding it __14__ for me. Finally, I __15__ all rounds of the interviews excellently.
That was my proudest day in my life __16__ I made it at last. When I called my mother and told her the good news, she started crying with __17__， and so did my father, My parents finally saw the __18__ of life for they knew that their son would get __19__ from July this year. __20__ the condition where we always made ends meet every month, our family would start saving up for our future.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者生于中等家庭，他的父母为他和两个姐姐花光了所有的积蓄。现在作者终于大学快要毕业，并设法找到了一份好工作。他为能帮助家庭解决困难而感到自豪。
1．A.earning B．wasting
C．raising D．spending
答案与解析：D'根据语境可知，作者的大姐结婚，应该是花费了(spending)两万美金。
2．A.topic B．gift
C．goal D．problem
答案与解析：D'根据后文的We only had $10,000.可知，轮到二姐结婚时，作者家里只有一万美金，钱成了一个问题(problem)。
3．A.sold B．lent
C．hid D．donated
答案与解析：A'根据语境可知，为了攒够钱，作者的母亲将自己的金饰品偷偷卖了(sold)。
4．A.However B．Besides
C．Instead D．Therefore
答案与解析：B'根据后文的I pursued my master degree in the best engineering college and my father spent $7,000 for me.可知，作者的两个姐姐出嫁，家里花了很多钱，此外(Besides)，作者上大学也花了家里不少钱。
5．A.angry B．confused
C．worried D．surprised
答案与解析：C'根据上文的We spent all the money of our family.可知，作者家的钱都花空了，他的父母经常担心(worried)以后的日子该怎么过。
6．A.rescue B．support
C．start D．thank
答案与解析：B'根据语境可知，作者想要找个工作供养(support)家庭，为家里减轻负担。
7．A.tools B．plans
C．skills D．experiences
答案与解析：C'根据后文的I could easily attract a room of people... 可知，作者具有很强的表达技巧(skills)，可以利用他的口才轻松地吸引一屋子人。
8．A.interview B．journey
C．appointment D．competition
答案与解析：A'根据语境及后文的I passed 5 rounds of interviews with ease. 可知，作者是说他能在面试(interview)中表现得好。
9．A.ignored B．criticized
C．admitted D．refused
答案与解析：D'根据However及语境可知，作者通过了五轮面试但在第六轮被淘汰(refused)了。
10．A.busiest B．darkest
C．luckiest D．funniest
答案与解析：B'根据语境可知，作者求职失败，那天是他认为最黑暗的(darkest)一天。
11．A.shy B．stubborn
C．frightened D．helpless
答案与解析：B'根据后文的and never gave up easily 可知，作者认为自己有点固执(stubborn)，不会轻言放弃。
12．A.forget B．record
C．imagine D．celebrate
答案与解析：A'根据语境可知，作者振作起来，设法忘掉(forget)不好的经历，准备去另一家公司求职。
13．A.created B．joined
C．noticed D．visited
答案与解析：D'根据after learning about its profile 可知，作者在了解了具体情况之后去了(visited)一家离家最近的公司。
14．A.different B．special
C．suitable D．strange
答案与解析：C'根据语境可知，作者了解了那家公司的概况，觉得那家公司适合(suitable)他。
15．A.missed B．prepared
C．got through D．looked into
答案与解析：C'根据语境可知，作者出色地通过了(got through)那家公司所有的面试。
16．A.because B．unless
C．though D．before
答案与解析：A'根据语境可知，作者说那天是他最自豪的一天，因为(because)他面试成功了，找到了工作。前后是因果关系。
17．A.regret B．fear
C．gratefulness D．excitement
答案与解析：D'根据语境可知，作者的母亲听到作者从电话里告诉她这个好消息时，她激动(excitement)得哭了。
18．A.importance B．hope
C．trouble D．meaning
答案与解析：B'根据语境可知，作者的父母得知儿子找到了工作，儿子将可以挣钱了，他们终于看到了生活的希望(hope)。
19．A.paid B．praised
C．remembered D．recognized
答案与解析：A'根据语境可知，作者从七月份起就开始挣钱，可以拿工资了(paid)。
20．A.Seeking for B．Meeting with
C．Escaping from D．Suffering from
答案与解析：C'根据语境可知，作者找到了好工作，全家摆脱了(Escaping from)入不敷出的艰难境况，终于可以开始为将来攒钱了。
Section Ⅳ　Using Language
Ⅰ.核心单词
根据词义写出正确的单词
1．signal vi.& vt. 发信号
n. 信号
2．coach n. 教练
3．arise vi. 出现；发生
4．character n. 性格；特点
5．download vt. 下载
6．type n. 类型
vt.& vi. 打字
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词义写出正确的单词，并牢记拓展词汇
1．electronic adj.电子的→electricity n．电
2．appearance n．外貌；外观；出现→appear v．出现
3．programmer n．程序员；程序师→program n．程序vt.编制程序
Ⅲ.阅读词汇
写出下列单词的汉语意义
1．supporting adj. 支持的，支撑的
2．virus n. 病毒
3．spoil vt. 损坏；宠坏
4．mop n. 拖把
vt. 用拖把拖；擦
5．teammate n. 伙伴，_同伴
6．niece n. 侄女；外甥女
7．naughty adj. 顽皮的；淘气的
8．spoil vt. 损坏；宠坏
Ⅳ.重点短语
根据汉语意思补全短语
1．in a way 在某种程度上
2．deal with 处理；安排；对付
3.watch over 看守；监视
4．with the help of 在……的帮助下
5．make up 组成；弥补；编造
6．for fun 为了好玩
7．give away 赠送，分发
8．make good use of 好好利用
Ⅴ.重点句型
1．状语从句的省略
She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while_watching human games.
她把观看人类比赛时所看到的一切可能的动作编入我们的程序。
2．for“因为”，引导原因状语从句。
I would really like to play against a human team, for_I_have_been_programmed to act just like them.
我真的特别喜欢和人类球队比赛，因为我经过程序编制，行动起来和他们一样。
3．whenever引导时间状语从句，意为“无论何时”。
Whenever_she_comes,_I have to look after her, and sometimes help her with her homework.
无论她什么时候来我都不得不照顾她，有时候帮助她做家庭作业。
第一步：速读——了解教材课文(P23)主题和段落大意
Match the general idea of every paragraph.
Para.1 B　　　A．The android football team can play against a human team, as they are programmed with a good system.
Para.2 A B．A self-introduction about the Android called Andy.
第二步：细读——把握教材课文(P23)关键信息
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．From the picture we can guess the passage is about ________.
A．a football match between humans
B．a football match between androids
C．a football match between humans and androids
D．a basketball match between androids
答案：B
2．What is Andy good at?
A．Running. B．Walking.
C．Playing football. D．Calculating.
答案：A
3．What part does Andy play in the team?
A．Goal keeper. B．Back.
C．Striker. D．Center.
答案：C
4．According to the passage, ________.
A．the programmer must often play football with androids
B．Andy looks much smaller than a human being
C．Andy's first football match was in Tokyo，Japan several years ago
D．Andy can improve his football skills with his programmer's help
答案：D
[词语积累]
①android/'?ndr??d/n.机器人
②be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事
③get together聚在一起
④striker n．前锋
⑤signal/'s?ɡn?l/vi.& vt.发信号　n．信号
※signal (to) sb. to do sth.示意某人做某事
⑥teammate/'ti?mme?t/n.同伴；伙伴
⑦have a good shot for a goal有机会射一个好球
⑧Nagoya/nɑ?'ɡ??jɑ?/n.名古屋(日本港市)
⑨Seattle/s?'?tl/n.西雅图(美国城市)
⑩win second place赢得第二名
?develop v．研制，开发
?type/ta?p/n.类型　vt.& vi.打字
a type of一种
?be determined to do sth.决心做某事
?in a way在某种程度上
?coach/k??t?/n.教练
?program v．编制程序
?arise/?'ra?z/vi.(arose, arisen)出现；发生
?make up编制；弥补；虚构；化妆
※make up for弥补；补偿
?after all终究；毕竟，究竟
※above all首先，最重要的是
?with the help of在……的帮助下
electronic/?elek'tr?n?k; ??lek-/adj.电子的
※electronic games电子游戏
electronic music电子音乐
ANDY — THE ANDROID
I'm part of an android① football team. About once a year we are allowed② to get together③ to play a game of football. I'm as big as a human. In fact, I look like one too. On the football team I'm a striker④ so I have to be able to run very fast. My computer chips help me to move and think like a human. For example, I have learned to signal⑤ to my teammates⑥ in computer language to give me the ball when I am open and have a good shot for a goal⑦【1】．
【1】when I am open...是when引导的时间状语从句。
My first football competition was in Nagoya⑧， Japan several years ago. Last year our team went to Seattle⑨， Washington in the USA. We won second place⑩. Personally, I think the team that won first place cheated. 【2】 They had developed? a new type? of program just before the competition. So we need to encourage our programmer to improve our intelligence too. We are determined to? create an even better system. In a way? our programmer is like our coach?. She programs? us with all the possible moves she has seen while watching human games. 【3】 Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation arises?. In this way I can make up? new moves using my “artificial intelligence” 【4】. I would really like to play against a human team, for I have been programmed to act just like them. After all?， with the help of? my electronic brain which never forgets anything, using my intelligence is what I'm all about！【5】
[课文翻译]
机器人安迪
我是机器人(android)足球队的一名成员。每年大约有一次，我们可以获准在一起进行一场足球赛。我同真人一样大小。事实上我看上去也很像人。我在足球队中是前锋，所以我需要跑得非常快。我的电脑芯片帮助我像真人一样运动和思考。例如，当我前面没人防守有机会射一个好球的时候，我已经学会了用计算机语言向队友(teammate)示意(signal)把球传给我。
我的第一次足球比赛是几年前在日本的名古屋(Nagoya)。去年，我们队去了美国华盛顿州的西雅图(Seattle)比赛，获得了第二名。我个人认为得冠军的那个队作弊了。他们恰好在比赛前研制了一种新程序。因此我们也需要鼓励我们的程序编制员来提高我们的智能。我们决心创造一个更好的系统。从某种程度上看(in a way)，我们的程序员就像是我们的教练(coach)。她把观看人类比赛时所看到的一切可能的动作编入我们的程序，然后她把我们当新情况出现(arise)时能用得上的可靠动作准备好。这样，我就可以用我的“人工智能”编制出新的动作。我真的很喜欢和人类球队比赛，因为我经过程序编制，行动起来和他们一样。不管怎样，在我过目不忘的电子(electronic)脑的帮助下(with the help of)，运用智能就是我的一切！
?第一板块|核心词汇诠释
1．signal n．信号，暗号　vi.& vt.发信号
(教材原句P23)For example, I have learned to signal to my teammates in computer language to give me the ball when I am open and have a good shot for a goal.
例如，当我前面无人防守，可以好好射一个球的时候，我已学会用计算机语言向队友示意把球传给我。
(1)signal (to)sb.to do sth. 示意某人做某事
signal sth. to sb. 向某人示意……
(2)traffic signals 交通信号灯
①She signaled that she was about to turn left.她打信号灯表示她要向左转。
②When you come across the crossing, you should pay attention to the traffic signals.
当过十字路口时，你应该注意交通信号灯。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
(1)The policeman signaled the driver to_stop (stop) his car by raising his hand.
(2)As is known to all, traffic signals (signal) tell drivers and pedestrians (行人)when to stop and go.
发散思维：
双写辅音字母的过去式、过去分词和现在分词荟萃
①admit: admitted/admitted/admitting
②prefer: preferred/preferred/preferring
③plan: planned/planned/planning
④hug: hugged/hugged/hugging
2.in a way从某一角度看，在某种程度上
(教材原句P23)In a way our programmer is like our coach.
从某种程度上看，我们的程序员就像是我们的教练。
by the way 顺便说一下
in no way 一点也不，决不
in the way 挡道，碍事
①In a way, the computer plays a more and more important role in our life and work.
从某种程度上说，电脑在我们的生活和工作中发挥着越来越重要的作用。
②Don't stand in the way. Move aside and let me pass.不要挡着路，靠边点让我过去。
[即学即练]　way短语填空
(1)In_no_way should you lose heart when you are faced with difficulties.
(2)In_a_way,_I'm glad that you made that mistake, for it will serve as a warning to you.
(3)I couldn't get through the door because there was a big box in_the_way.
漫画助记：
In a way, we will never achieve our dreams without making efforts.
从某种意义上来说，不努力我们永远不会实现梦想。
3.arise vi.(arose, arisen)出现；发生
(教材原句P23)Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation arises.
然后她把我们在新情况下能用得上的可靠动作准备好。
(1)arise from/out of 由……引起/产生
arise from... 从……上站起来
(2)rise (rose, risen) vi. 升起来；上升
raise vt. 举起，使……上升
①When difficulties arise, you can turn to me for help.
当有困难出现时，你可以向我求助。
②As far as I know, his failure arose from his laziness.
据我所知，他的失败是由懒惰造成的。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/一句多译
(1)Seeing his mother return home, the boy arose (arise) from his chair immediately.
(2)As we all know, most car accidents arise from carelessness.
(3)As is known to us, the sun rises (rise) in the east and sets in the west
(4)She raised (raise) her head and stared at them.
(5)休息时， 我们的班主任开始处理课上出现的问题。 (arise)
①At break, our headteacher got down to dealing with the matter arising_from_his_class.(分词作定语)
②At break, our headteacher got down to dealing with the matter which_arose_from_his_class.(定语从句)
发散思维：ABC式过去式、过去分词变化
①arise→arose→arisen
②drive→drove→driven
③take→took→taken
④rise→rose→risen
⑤write→wrote→written
⑥go→went→gone
⑦show→showed→shown
⑧lie→lay→lain
4.deal with处理；安排；论述；对付，打交道
(教材原句P24)This means that it should clean the house, mop the floors, cook the dinner and deal with telephone calls.
这意味着它应该能打扫房间、擦地板、做饭以及接打电话。
(1)deal with意为“处理”时，常与how连用
(2)do with意为“处理时”，常与what连用
①There are too many difficulties for us to deal with.
有太多的难题要我们去处理。
②As far as I know, the young man is hard to deal with.
据我所知，这个年轻人很难相处。
[即学即练]　一句多译
事实上，我不知道他们将如何处理这个问题。
(1)As a matter of fact, I don't know how they_will_deal_with_the_problem.
(2)In fact, I'm at a loss what they_will_do_with_the_problem.
发散思维：
a great deal　　　大量， 许多
a great deal of 大量的……，
许多的……
it's a deal 就这么办吧
In the course of our trip, we have learned a great deal.
在我们旅行的过程中，我们学到了很多。
5.watch over看守；监视；守护，照管
(教材原句P24)It should also watch over my naughty niece, who comes to my house very often.
它还应该照看我淘气的侄女，她经常来我家。
watch for 观察；等待
watch out (for) 当心；提防
keep watch 值班；看守
①As far as I'm concerned, it's my duty to watch over my old parents..
就我个人而言，照顾年迈的父母是我的职责。
②They were watched over by three policemen.
他们由三名警察看守着。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
(1)We have to watch out for fast traffic along here.
(2)They volunteer to watch over the old in their spare time, which deserves praising.
名师指津：“照顾”的其他表述：look after; take care of; care for等。
?第二板块|重点句型解构
　句型公式：while引导省略句
(教材原句P23)She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while watching human games.
她把观看人类比赛时所看到的一切可能动作编入我们的程序。
(1)句中while watching human games相当于while she is watching human games。
(2)当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，或状语从句中的主语是it，并且又含有be动词时，常可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。
①There are so many cars that you should be careful while crossing the road.
车辆太多了，过马路时当心些。
②Work hard when (you are) young, or you'll regret.
趁年轻要努力，要不然你会后悔的。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/单句写作
(1)He met an old friend while traveling (travel) in that tourist attraction.
(2)When walking (walk) in the park, she met Jim by chance.
(3)When asked (ask) why he didn't take part in the race, he said nothing but smiled.
(4)如果有必要请向我求助。
Please turn to me for help if_necessary.
名师指津：判定省略v.-ing还是v.-ed主要看与主语是主动关系还是被动关系。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．In my opinion, it is wrong of you to judge a person by his appearance (外貌)．
2．She is the same with her sister in appearance but not in character (性格)．
3．The software can be downloaded (下载) for free from the Internet.
4．While surfing the Internet, you should be careful of the computer viruses (病毒) which are really harmful.
5．Today's meeting is really important, so all the coaches (教练) and trainers should be present on time.
6．Square dancing is a type (类型) of dance popular with the middle-aged and the elderly in China.
7．As is known to all, traffic signals (信号) tell drivers and pedestrians when to stop and go.
8．He beat his teammate (同伴) Ma Lin in the final.
9．The responsible woman signalled (发信号) to the cars behind, but they didn't notice.
10．I think happiness (幸福) relies on our attitude towards life.
Ⅱ.选词填空
watch over； as a result； from then on； after all； have... in common； share... with； with the help of； deal with
1．Share the happiness with others and you will get more happiness.
2．In order to make sure that his children were safe while playing on the beach, he kept watching_over them all the time.
3．Those two brothers not only look alike, but also they have a lot in_common.
4．With_the_help_of his close friend, he made up his mind to achieve his dream.
5．There are many difficulties to deal_with when starting a new business.
6．I don't want to waste a second, and as_a_result I'll make a plan and have a strict schedule.
7．My brother took me to a rock concert when I was 8 years old. From_then_on,_I fell in love with rock music.
8．Don't be so angry with your mother. After_all,_she cares about you very much and tries to help you.
Ⅲ.单句写作
1．I really don't know how_to_deal_with this problem without your help.
没有你的帮助，我真的不知道怎样处理这个问题。
2．He is always willing to help us whenever_we_meet_with_difficulties.
无论何时我们遇到困难，他总是乐意帮助我们。
3．It must have rained last night, for_the_ground_is_wet.
昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面湿了。
4．While_crossing_the_street,_he was nearly knocked down by a car.
他过马路时，差点被一辆车撞了。
5．As_time_went_by,_I knew that he was a reliable person.
随着时间的流逝，我了解到他是一个很可靠的人。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I was told the Learning Center provides help for students and I'm anxious to get help from you.
2．He recognized that most of his mistakes arose (arise) from his nervousness in the exam.
3．Personally (person), I think the best present is not necessarily the most expensive one.
4．Your main task today is to_help (help) your mother wash the curtains.
5．In many people's opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant to_deal (deal) with.
6．In order to make sure that his children were safe while playing on the beach, he kept watching (watch) over them all the time.
7．With the help of Mrs. Brown, I have made great progress in my study.
8．We were talking about the TV play, and his sudden appearance (appear) stopped our conversation.
9．The traffic policeman signaled the driver to_stop (stop) for a check.
10．Professor Smith is so busy with the research that he has no time left for any other activity.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
I never wanted to go to kindergarten (幼儿园), or leave home at all. I spent my first five years within the loving arms of my family, and when the time came for me to begin school at PS 116 in Brooklyn, I was sure that no one would keep me safe. But I was so lucky to meet Mrs. Heyman. Not only did she make me feel safe, she let me know that I was special.
Kindergarten was a fearful experience for me. I was a shy child who hated being separated from my mommy. Mrs. Heyman was a kind and patient teacher who tried to get me to stop crying each morning after I asked for one last kiss.
She would distract (转移……的注意力) me with pens and colorful paper and by playing beautiful music. It seemed the feeling of being an artist distracted me from my separation unhappiness, allowing me to attend class as the tears ran down my face. I also loved to sing and dance, and performed (表演) the Virginia reel — a kind of dance — when the principal (校长), Mr. Barton, visited our class.
Mr. Barton was an old, serious man who liked to walk behind children who behaved badly and shout, “Behave！” I was afraid of being shouted at by him, and practiced the dance with my classmates until Mrs. Heyman told us we were perfect.
Unluckily, I was so nervous before Mr. Barton's visit that I wet myself. Mrs. Heyman calmly took me to the bathroom and told me to change into new clothes, drying my tears all the while, never showing judgment.
As I performed, Mr. Barton cheered. Pleased, I bravely stepped up to the front of the classroom and threw kisses in Mrs. Heyman's direction.
I was lucky to have her again for the first grade, and learned to love school and learning. She was right about living my life without long-lasting attention from my mommy.
主题：人与自我——生活与学习
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。作者回忆了在幼儿园期间给予自己帮助和鼓励的老师。
1．What was the author's life like before he went to kindergarten?
A．Busy. B．Happy.
C．Lonely. D．Unsafe.
答案与解析：B'推理判断题。由第一段中的I spent my first five years within the loving arms of my family可知，作者上幼儿园之前过着开心的生活。
2．How did Mrs. Heyman draw the author's attention away from separation unhappiness?
A．By letting him do art.
B．By giving him a kiss.
C．By dancing with him.
D．By inviting his mother to school.
答案与解析：A'细节理解题。由第三段中的It seemed the feeling of being an artist distracted me from my separation unhappiness可知，老师让作者参加一些艺术活动以转移他的注意力。
3．What can be learned about Mr. Barton?
A．He was always friendly.
B．He was strict with the students.
C．He was interested in performing.
D．He was full of praise for the author.
答案与解析：B'推理判断题。由第四段中的Mr. Barton was an old, serious man who liked to walk behind children who behaved badly and shout，“Behave！”可知，校长非常严厉。
4．What happened before the author's performance?
A．He got himself in a mess.
B．He received ill-treatment.
C．He failed to find his new clothes.
D．He visited the bathroom many times.
答案与解析：A'细节理解题。由第五段中的Unluckily, I was so nervous before Mr. Barton's visit that I wet myself可知，上台前作者尿了裤子，把自己弄得一团糟。
B
Tim Berners-Lee is a British computer scientist who is famous for inventing the World Wide Web (WWW). Berners-Lee created a system to be able to see web pages through the Internet. He also serves as a director for the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) which makes standard for the Internet and the World Wide Web. Berners-Lee is also concerned about problems on the Internet.
Tim Berners-Lee was born on 8th, June 1955 in London. After graduating from Emanuel School, he went to Queen's College, Oxford University, where he received a first-class degree in physics. After graduation, he worked in a printing firm in Plessey, Poole. From 1980, he worked at CERN in Switzerland. While he was at CERN, Berners-Lee developed a program called Enquire. It could store information in documents that contained connections (“links”) both within and among different documents — a method that became known as hypertext (超文本). After leaving CERN, Berners-Lee worked for Image Computer Systems Ltd., located in Ferndown, Dorset, where he designed many computer systems. In 1989, Berners-Lee wanted to create a hypertext document system that would make use of the Internet. He wanted to provide researchers with the ability to share their results, methods, and practices without having to exchange e-mails frequently. Instead, researchers would put such information “online”， where other researchers could immediately find it anytime, day or night.
In 1994, Berners-Lee founded W3C at the Laboratory of Computer Science (LCS) at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston. This is an organization that tries to improve the quality and standard of the World Wide Web. He could have earned a lot of money for his invention, but he decided to offer the World Wide Web for free. Berners-Lee said if he hadn't created the World Wide Web, someone else would have come up with a free idea later. However, others argue that Berners-Lee played a very important role in developing the Internet.
【语篇解读】　英国电脑科学家Tim Berners-Lee创造了World Wide Web，让联网的电脑可以浏览网页。如此伟大的发明，并未给他带来任何经济利益，他放弃了专利权，免费供全世界使用。
5．Tim Berners-Lee is well-known because ________.
A．he invented the World Wide Web
B．he created many famous web pages
C．he organized the World Wide Web Consortium
D．he made standard for the Internet and the World Wide Web
答案与解析：A'细节理解题。根据第一段的Tim Berners-Lee is a British computer scientist who is famous for inventing the World Wide Web (WWW)．可知，Tim Berners-Lee以发明了万维网而出名。
6．What can we learn about Tim Berners-Lee from the last paragraph?
A．People consider him responsible.
B．He is very proud of his achievements.
C．People think highly of his achievements.
D．He received much support from his family.
答案与解析：C'推理判断题。根据最后一段中最后一句话的描述可知，人们对Tim Berners-Lee的成就评价很高。
7．What kind of person is Tim Berners-Lee most probably?
A．Selfless. B．Shy.
C．Honest. D．Hard-working.
答案与解析：A'推理判断题。根据最后一段的描述可知，Tim Berners-Lee是个无私的人。
8．What might be the best title of the passage?
A．The important role of W3C.
B．The development of the Internet.
C．Tim Berners-Lee's childhood story.
D．Tim Berners-Lee and the World Wide Web.
答案与解析：D'主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了英国电脑科学家Tim Berners-Lee创造了World wide Web，并简单介绍了此项发明。
Ⅲ.完形填空
I was born into a middle-class family and I have two elder sisters. Four years back, my eldest sister got married, __1__ $20,000. This year, it's my second elder sister's turn. But money became a __2__. We only had $10,000. So Mom __3__ her gold belongings secretly. __4__， I pursued my master degree in the best engineering college and my father spent $7,000 for me. We spent all the money of our family. My parents often got __5__ about how we could make a living in the coming days.
I was in the final year of college and I tried to find a job to __6__ my family. You may not believe I had so good __7__ that I could easily attract a room of people during a(n) __8__. Then in one company, I passed 5 rounds of interviews with ease. However, I was __9__ in the sixth round. That day was the __10__ in my life. But I was a little__11__ and never gave up easily, so I managed to __12__ that day and prepared for another company. Then, on Feb, 6,2018, I __13__ a company that was nearest to my hometown after learning about its profile (概况) and finding it __14__ for me. Finally, I __15__ all rounds of the interviews excellently.
That was my proudest day in my life __16__ I made it at last. When I called my mother and told her the good news, she started crying with __17__， and so did my father, My parents finally saw the __18__ of life for they knew that their son would get __19__ from July this year. __20__ the condition where we always made ends meet every month, our family would start saving up for our future.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者生于中等家庭，他的父母为他和两个姐姐花光了所有的积蓄。现在作者终于大学快要毕业，并设法找到了一份好工作。他为能帮助家庭解决困难而感到自豪。
1．A.earning B．wasting
C．raising D．spending
答案与解析：D'根据语境可知，作者的大姐结婚，应该是花费了(spending)两万美金。
2．A.topic B．gift
C．goal D．problem
答案与解析：D'根据后文的We only had $10,000.可知，轮到二姐结婚时，作者家里只有一万美金，钱成了一个问题(problem)。
3．A.sold B．lent
C．hid D．donated
答案与解析：A'根据语境可知，为了攒够钱，作者的母亲将自己的金饰品偷偷卖了(sold)。
4．A.However B．Besides
C．Instead D．Therefore
答案与解析：B'根据后文的I pursued my master degree in the best engineering college and my father spent $7,000 for me.可知，作者的两个姐姐出嫁，家里花了很多钱，此外(Besides)，作者上大学也花了家里不少钱。
5．A.angry B．confused
C．worried D．surprised
答案与解析：C'根据上文的We spent all the money of our family.可知，作者家的钱都花空了，他的父母经常担心(worried)以后的日子该怎么过。
6．A.rescue B．support
C．start D．thank
答案与解析：B'根据语境可知，作者想要找个工作供养(support)家庭，为家里减轻负担。
7．A.tools B．plans
C．skills D．experiences
答案与解析：C'根据后文的I could easily attract a room of people... 可知，作者具有很强的表达技巧(skills)，可以利用他的口才轻松地吸引一屋子人。
8．A.interview B．journey
C．appointment D．competition
答案与解析：A'根据语境及后文的I passed 5 rounds of interviews with ease. 可知，作者是说他能在面试(interview)中表现得好。
9．A.ignored B．criticized
C．admitted D．refused
答案与解析：D'根据However及语境可知，作者通过了五轮面试但在第六轮被淘汰(refused)了。
10．A.busiest B．darkest
C．luckiest D．funniest
答案与解析：B'根据语境可知，作者求职失败，那天是他认为最黑暗的(darkest)一天。
11．A.shy B．stubborn
C．frightened D．helpless
答案与解析：B'根据后文的and never gave up easily 可知，作者认为自己有点固执(stubborn)，不会轻言放弃。
12．A.forget B．record
C．imagine D．celebrate
答案与解析：A'根据语境可知，作者振作起来，设法忘掉(forget)不好的经历，准备去另一家公司求职。
13．A.created B．joined
C．noticed D．visited
答案与解析：D'根据after learning about its profile 可知，作者在了解了具体情况之后去了(visited)一家离家最近的公司。
14．A.different B．special
C．suitable D．strange
答案与解析：C'根据语境可知，作者了解了那家公司的概况，觉得那家公司适合(suitable)他。
15．A.missed B．prepared
C．got through D．looked into
答案与解析：C'根据语境可知，作者出色地通过了(got through)那家公司所有的面试。
16．A.because B．unless
C．though D．before
答案与解析：A'根据语境可知，作者说那天是他最自豪的一天，因为(because)他面试成功了，找到了工作。前后是因果关系。
17．A.regret B．fear
C．gratefulness D．excitement
答案与解析：D'根据语境可知，作者的母亲听到作者从电话里告诉她这个好消息时，她激动(excitement)得哭了。
18．A.importance B．hope
C．trouble D．meaning
答案与解析：B'根据语境可知，作者的父母得知儿子找到了工作，儿子将可以挣钱了，他们终于看到了生活的希望(hope)。
19．A.paid B．praised
C．remembered D．recognized
答案与解析：A'根据语境可知，作者从七月份起就开始挣钱，可以拿工资了(paid)。
20．A.Seeking for B．Meeting with
C．Escaping from D．Suffering from
答案与解析：C'根据语境可知，作者找到了好工作，全家摆脱了(Escaping from)入不敷出的艰难境况，终于可以开始为将来攒钱了。
课件48张PPT。Section Ⅴ　Writing——想象类作文
技法指导
1.文体特点
“想象类作文”多是说明文，也可以是记叙文。写作内容不受限制，是作者写作时根据自己已有的生活经验和知识，对未来事物的形态、构造、性质、功能等大胆地进行想象并进行说明或描述的一种写作。
2．亮点句式
(1)It can help us in many ways.
它在许多方面都可以帮助我们。
(2)It would be of great help for you.
它会对你有很大帮助。
(3)Sometimes I dream about life in the future.
有时我梦想未来的生活。
(4)I believe my dream will come true some day.
我相信我的梦想总有一天会变成现实。
(5)She can remind me of anything important.
她能提醒我重要的事情。
(6)It will be very comfortable to live in the future.
在未来生活将会非常舒适。
(7)In my opinion, the dream will become a reality one day.
我认为，这个梦想有一天将会变成现实。
3．高分模板
My dream about life in the future ________.(开头。想象将来的生活，总体说明)
Maybe in the future we can ________.(主体。描述想象中的生活情况等)In the future we can ________； we will be living a ________； it will be very comfortable to ________.(对想象中的将来生活具体分条描述)
I believe my dream will come true ________.(结尾。作出评价，提出希望)It will be a peaceful world of ________； we'll live happily together.
典题演练　　
最近，某英语报正在组织一次英语征文活动，邀请读者围绕“Science and technology is changing our life greatly”这个话题，谈谈科学技术给我们的日常生活带来的变化。请你根据图画提示写一篇短文应征，谈谈你家三代人购物生活的变化，并畅想未来的购物方式。
注意：词数100个左右。
[谋篇]
[遣词]
1．覆盖，走过(里程) cover
2．方便的 convenient
3．在线 online
4．机器人 robot
5．挑选 select
6．科技 science_and_technology
[造句]
1．完成句子
(1)科技发展迅猛。
Science_and_technology_develops_quickly.
(2)我们的生活方式一直在改变。
Our_way_of_life_has_been_changing_all_the_time.
(3)很多年轻人喜欢在网上买东西。
Many_young_people_like_to_buy_things_online.
2．句式升级
(4)用with的复合结构合并句(1)(2)
With_the_development_of_science_and_technology,_our_way_of_life_has_been_changing_all_the_time.
(5)用复合句提升句(3)
名词性从句：Many_young_people_like_me_prefer_to_buy_what_we_like_online.
定语从句：Many_young_people_like_me_prefer_to_buy_things_that_we_like_online.
[成篇]
_______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
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【参考范文】
With the development of science and technology, our way of life has been changing all the time.
My grandmother told me she usually covered a long distance to a small shop in town to buy goods. Later, supermarkets have been opened in our town, so my mother would like to go shopping in a supermarket near my house because it is very convenient. In recent years, online shopping has become popular. Many young people like me prefer to buy what we like online.
I think, in the future, we can let robots do the shopping for us, and maybe those things we need can be selected carefully and sent to us more quickly than now.
课件12张PPT。