牛津译林版英语八年级上册全套单元讲义练习(无答案)

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Unit 1 Friends词句精讲精炼
【词汇精讲】
1. share
share作名词，意为“份数”。
例如：I’ll bear my share of the expenses. 我愿意承担我那一份费用.
share作动词,意为“分享，合用”。
例如：I share a bedroom with my sister. 我和我姐姐合住一间卧室。
There is a computer in my home, and my father and I share it. 我家有一台电脑，我爸爸和我共用它。
share作动词，还表示“分配”。
例如：Share the sweets with you. 这袋糖我们分着吃。
2. honest
（1）honest 作形容词，意为“诚实地；正直地，坦率地”。
例如：All my life I have tried to be an honest man. 我一生都想做一个诚实的人。
He is an honest businessman, according to what everyone says. 根据大家所说，他是位诚实的商人。
Give me your honest opinion. 请坦率地说出你的意见。
to be honest (with you) 意为“坦白地说，老实地告诉你”。
例如：To be honest, I don’t know anything about it. 老实说，我对此事一无所知。
（3）honest的常用搭配：
be honest in (doing) sth. 诚实地做某事
be honest with sb. 对某人以坦诚相待
be honest about sth. 对某事诚实
例如：She is always honest with her customers. 她对顾客总是诚实的。
（4）honest派生词：
honesty 诚实； honestly诚实地；dishonest不诚实的； dishonesty不诚实
3. care about
care about 表示“关心，在乎”。例如：
He doesn’t care about anything. 他什么也不在乎。
We should care about the poor. 我们应该关心穷人。
【拓展】
care for意为“喜欢”。care for意为“照顾”，是比较正式的用语。
例如：I don’t really care for milk. 我其实不大喜欢牛奶。
The mother cared for the sick child day and night. 母亲日夜照顾生病的孩子。
4. lie
lie作动词，意为“躺”，过去式和过去分词分别为lay和lain，现在分词为lying。例如：I found he was lying on the ground. 我发现他躺在地上。
【拓展】
lie作动词时，也可意为“撒谎”，过去式和过去分词是规则的，均为lied。lie也可用作名词，意为“谎言”。
例如：Don’t lie to me. 不要向我撒谎。
The boy told a lie to me. 这个男孩向我撒了谎。
lie还表示“位于”的意思。
例如：A temple lies on the top of the mountain. 一座寺庙位于山顶之上。
原形 词义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
lie 躺；位于 lay lain lying
lie 说谎 lied lied lying

（3）英语中，部分以-ie结尾的动词的-ing形式必须改ie为y再加-ing。例如：
die → dying 死，死亡； tie → tying 系，打结； lie → lying 撒谎；平躺
5. voice
voice作名词，意为“声音，嗓音”。用于人时，指说话、歌唱或发笑的声音，也可指发言权。用于其它方面时，常含悦耳之声，如鸟鸣声，乐器声音等。
例如：He talked of his trip to Hong Kong in a cheerful voice. 他兴高采烈地谈了他的香港之行。
She has a sweet voice. 她声音很甜美。
【拓展】
noise可以作可数名词，也可以用作不可数名词，表示“人们不愿听到的声音或嘈杂声”。
例如：I heard some strange noises last night. 昨夜我听见一些奇怪的响声。
There's a lot of noise here. 这个地方人声嘈杂。
sound泛指自然界的任何声音，不论其高低、是否悦耳等。
例如：I heard the sound of running water. 我听见流水声。
Light travels faster than sound. 光比声音传播得快。
6. bored
bored是形容词，意为“感到厌烦的”，一般用来说明人的感受。
例如：I’m bored with the book. 我对这本书厌烦了。
boring也是形容词，意为“令人厌烦的”，一般用来说明事物的特征。
例如：The story is boring. 这个故事令人厌烦。
【拓展】
英语中，带-ing的形容词，用来形容事物，指某事物的性质、特征，意为“令人……的，让人……的”，常用物作主语，或作定语修饰物。而带-ed的是用来形容人的，意为“感到……的，使人……的”，其主语是人，类似的词有：
exciting 令人兴奋的 interesting 令人感兴趣的

excited （人）感到兴奋的 interested（人）感兴趣的

moving 令人感动的 tiring 令人厌倦的

moved（人）感动的 tired（人）感到疲倦/累/厌烦的

surprising令人惊讶的

surprised（人）感到惊讶的
7. plan
（1) 作可数名词，意为“计划，方案”。
例如：What are your plans? 你的计划是什么？
Make a plan for study, please. 请制定学习计划。
作动词，意为“计划，打算”，其现在分词为planning，过去式和过去分词为planned。常用于plan to do sth.表示“计划干某事”。
例如：They are planning to go hiking this weekend. 他们正在计划本周末远足的事。
8. sweet
（1）sweet作形容词。意为“可爱的，惹人喜爱的”。
例如：Mary is sweet girl. 玛丽是一个可爱的女孩。
（2）sweet作形容词。还意为“甜的，芳香的”。
例如：These flowers smell very sweet. 这些花闻起来很香。
（3）sweet 作可数名词，意为“糖果”，作不可数名词，泛指“甜食”。
例如：Don’t eat too much sweet. It’s bad for your teeth. 不要吃太多的甜食，对牙齿不好。
Most of the children love sweets. 大多数孩子喜欢糖果。
9. choose
choose是及物动词，意为“选择”，后接名词、代词或动词不定式。
（1）表示“选择”，可以带双宾语。
例如：He chose me a nice present. /He chose a nice present for me. 他为我选了件漂亮的礼物。
（2）表示在两者之间选择用介词 between, 表示在三者之间选择用介词 among，from或out of等。
例如：He had to choose between this one and that one. 他必须在这个和那个之间做出选择。
He chose three out of these books. 他从这些书中挑选了三本。
（3）后可接不定式，可表示“决定，宁愿”。
例如：He chose to go with us. 他决定同我们一起去。
He chose not to tell her. 他决定不告诉她。
10. patient
patient作为形容词，意为“有耐性的；忍耐的”。它的名词形式patience，意思是“耐心；容忍”。
例如：Sorry. Doctor Song is quite busy now. You should be patient and wait for a few minutes. 对不起，宋医生现在很忙，你要耐心些，再等几分钟。
It was hard work and required all his patience. 工作很艰巨，需要他有极大的耐心。
patient还可以作名词，意为“病人”。
例如：He is a patient with cancer. But he still lives quite happily every day. 他是一个癌症患者，但他每天仍然活得很快乐。
She was tough but wonderful with her patients. 她很严厉，但对患者却很好。
【词汇精练】
I. 英汉词组互译。
1. some more_________ 2. 保守秘密_________
3. share sth. with_________ 4. 撒谎_________
5. in need________ 6. 社会工作者________
7. be ready to do_______ 8. 关心，关怀________
9. would like to do sth. ________ 10. 长大，成长________
II. 根据汉语或首字母提示补全句子。
1. Our parents always c_______ about us.
2. I always know when he is t_______ lies.
3. Please speak in a louder v______.
4. He was endlessly kind and _______(耐心的) with children.
5. There is very little to ________(选择) between the world’s top tennis players.
6. Tom is h_______．He never tells lies．
7. The _______（高度）of the mountain is about 1，200 metres．
8．Mark Twain，the famous American writer，was very good at telling j_______．
10．Amy is my best friend and she never tells others my s_______．
III.用括号中所给词的适当的形式填空。
1.Tom，what about _______ (swim)with us?
2. Are you good at _______ (tell) jokes?
3. He often makes his sister _______ (smile)．
4.This is the _______(bad)bed in this shop．
5.Lisa wants to be a good _______(sing)．
6. I’m willing_______ (spend)time with you．
7.You should do your homework by _______(your)．
8.Tony is very _______(humor)，and we all like him．
IV. 用括号中形容词的比较级或最高级填空。
1. Bob is ______(tall) than any other boy in his class.
2. China is one of _______(large) countries in the world.
3. Which is _________ (heavy), a hen or a chicken?
4. He is ______ (bad) at learning maths.
He is much _______ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _________ (bad) at English.
5. A dictionary is much _________ (expensive) than a story-book.
6. Miss Chen is __________ _________than Mr. Wang. (popular)
7. Playing computer games is______ _____ _____ of all the activities.(interesting).
8. The Nile river is ______ ________river in the world. (long)
【句式精讲】
1.be ready to do sth
ready是形容词，意为“有准备的”。 be always ready to do sth. 表示“乐于做某事”。例如：She is always ready to help others. 她总是乐于助人。
【拓展】
get ready for意为“为……做准备”，强调动作。
例如：The farmers are getting ready for the next year. 农民们正在为明年做准备。
All the students are getting ready for the sports meeting. 所有学生在为运动会做准备。
（2）be ready for意为“为……做好了准备”，强调状态。
例如：They are ready for the party. 他们为聚会做好了准备。
（3）get sth. ready意为“把某物准备好”。
例如：Please get your school things ready. 请把学习用具准备好。
I will get the lunch ready. 我会把午餐准备好。
2. one of....
one of…意为“……中的一个”或“……之一”，后接复数名词，当名词前有形容词修饰时，形容词应用其最高级形式。one of…作主语时，应看成单数。
例如：One of the girls is my sister. 这群女孩当中有一个是我的妹妹。
Mike is one of the tallest students in our class. 迈克是我们班最高的学生之一。
Miss Li is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 李老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。
3. is willing to
be willing to do表示“某人愿意、乐意做某事”。这个句型是be+形容词+to do构成。例如：I would be willing to do anything for a good role, with a good script. 我愿意为了好角色外加好的剧本而做任何的事情。
Therefore at presents, when I can do myself, I am willing to be myself. 所以在这个时候，在这个我还能够做我自己的时候，我愿意做一回我自己。
【拓展】
“be+形容词+to do”结构的词组还有：
be able to do sth 能够做
be eager to do sth 急于做，渴望做
be easy to do sth 易于做---
be glad to do sth 高兴做---
be ready to do sth 准备做---
4. would like to do
would like to do...是表示“愿意做某事”。其用法如下：
肯定句：would like 后接名词或代词；would like to 后接动词原形，would 常和主语缩写为“主语＋’d”。
例如：I’d like a cup of tea. 我想喝一杯茶。
He’d like to see a film. 他想看电影。
⑵否定句：在would 后加not,意为不愿意做……，would not 缩写为wouldn’t。例如：I wouldn’t like to go to the cinema. 我不想去看电影。
⑶疑问句：把would提到主语前即可。
例如：Would you like to go to the cinema? 你愿意去看电影吗？
⑷答语：若邀请某人做某事，肯定回答用Yes, I’d like/love to;否定回答用I’d like/love to ,but…。
例如：—Would you like to see a film？ 你愿意去看电影吗？
—Yes, I’d love to. 是的，我愿意。
若邀请某人吃(喝)东西，肯定回答用Yes, please. 否定回答用No, thank you.。
例如：—Would you like some tea ? 你想喝茶吗？
—No, thank you. 不，谢谢。
6. make sb do
make作使役动词，还可后接省略to的动词不定式，即：make sb. do sth. 意为“使/让某人做某事”，类似的动词还有let，have等。
例如：The boss made them work for long time. 老板让他们长时间工作。
They made us forget the past. 他们使我们忘记了过去。
【拓展】
make作使役动词，意为“使……；让……”讲时，常构成make + 宾语(sb./sth.) + 形容词/名词（作宾补），即make sb. / sth. + adj./n.。
例如：What he said makes us happy. 他所说的话使我们很高兴。
We made John our monitor. 我们选约翰当班长。
【句式精练】
I. 连词成句。
1. the，is，to，help，willing，the poor，soldier
____________________________________________
2. I，bored, him, never, with, feel
__________________________________________.
3. what, his, for, is, plan, the, holiday
___________________________________________？
4. what， your， teacher， like， is， English
________________________________________________？
5. should， to， be， learn， patient， how，you
__________________________________________________.
6. you, to, with, us, are, go, ready
____________________________________________________?
II.根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. 这首歌是最流行的歌之一。
The song is______ _______ _______ ______ ______ songs.
2. 你愿意帮忙吗？
_______ you ready _______ help?
3. 请信任我。我会保守秘密。
Please trust me．I will _______ _______ _______．
4. 我们应该关心青少年。
We should _______ _______ teenagers．
5. 自行车游让人放松而且使我高兴。
The bike trip was relaxing and it _______me very _______．
6.你愿意来参加我的生日宴会吗？
Would you ________ _________ take part in my birthday party?
7. 你可以选择你最喜欢的.
You can?______which you _______best.
8. 我愿和你分享我的快乐!
I am willing?_______ _______my happiness ______you!
9. 他是我见过最闷的家伙。
He’s?_______ _______ ______guy I’ve ever met.
10. 日本在中国的东面。
Japan _______ ______the east of China.
III. 从方框里选择对话填入相应空白处的适当选项。
A. When will it start?
B. Will you be free tomorrow?
C. Remember to tell Betty
D. Would you like to come to the party?
E. What's up?
F. What would you like to drink?
G. I want to hold a party for her
A: Hello, Dave speaking!
B: Hi, Dave. It's Jacky! 1
A: Tomorrow is Dan’s birthday. 2 You know, her parents are working in Guangdong she’s alone.
B: That's a good idea! You are so kind.
A: 3
B: Yes, I'd love to. 4
A: At five o'clock in the afternoon..
B: OK. I'll get to your house on time.
A: 5
B: I will. Bye. .
A: Bye.
































Unit 1 Friends综合能力演练
【巩固练习】
I. 单项选择。
1．My mother wants me to be _______ honest boy and _______ great person in the future．
A．an；a B．an；the C．a；a D．the：the
2．I want to have something _______．
A．drink B．to drink C．drinking D drinks
3．This skirt is _______ than that one．
A．beautiful B．more beautiful C．most beautiful D．the beautiful
4．She talked too much. How did you make her _______？
A. stop talking B．to stop talking C．stop to talk D．stopped talking
5．I have _______ money than you，but I have _______ friends than you．
A．less；fewer B more；more C．less；more D．fewer；more
6．When I read a _______ book，I often feel _______．
A. bored；bored B．bored；boring
C．boring；boring D．boring；bored
7．The young man is _______ in his office。
A. taller B．tallest C．the tallest D．tall
8．—What does your brother look like?
—_______．
A．He is fine，thank you B．He is doing his homework now
C．He is tall and thin D．He is a famous doctor
9．—Would you like some more cakes?
—_________．I’m full now．
A．No，thanks B．Yes，thank you
C．I’d love to D．Yes，please
10. May sings well．She has a good _______．
A．noise B．voice C. sound D. shout
11. The busier he is，the ________ he feels．
A．happily B．happy C．happier D．more happy
12. Now telephones are very popular and they are much ______ than before.
A．cheap B. cheaper C．cheapest D．the cheapest
13. Tom，please help _______ to some chicken.
A．you B. your C. yourself D．yourselves
14. He is one of _______ of all．
A．young boy B．the youngest boys
C．the youngest boy D．younger boy
15. The doctor worked for _______．
A．two more hours B．two another hour
C．more two hour D．another two hour


[真题链接]
1.—Have you watched A Bite of China recently?
—Of course. I do believe Chinese food is ______ in the world.
A. the most delicious B. more delicious C. delicious
2. Rose finished her study in the university and went to ______ a good job.
A. take after B. look after C. care for D. search for
3. — I’m not good at Chinese. What shall I do?
— You should work much than before.
A. hard B. harder C. hardest
II. 完形填空。
阅读短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
There was a time when Cindy didn't have many friends．She was very 1 ．She never really wanted to be popular，but she wanted to have someone share secrets and happiness 2 ．But she didn’t find a friend in her high school．When it was time to go to college(大学)，Cindy was quite 3 ．She was going to live with someone she didn't 4 and to live in a town 300 miles away from 5 ．She had no idea how to make 6 in the college．In her first English class，the teacher asked each student a question，“What is your goal(目标)for this class?”Most of the students said it was to get a good 7 ，but she said something quite 8 ．She said that her goal was to make just one good friend．Then one student came to Cindy and asked if she would be her friend．Cindy 9 ．Cindy learned that if she 10 something，she should ask for it and be honest．
1．A．bored B．tired C．clever D．shy
2．A．in B．with C．to D．from
3．A．happy B．careful C．nervous D．excited
4．A．know B．understand C．like D．miss
5．A．school B．home C．college D．there
6．A．food B．money C．friends D．cakes
7．A．friend B．grade C．life D．class
8．A．strange B．great C．difficult D．different
9．A．smiled B．shouted C．changed D．talked
10．A．wants B．dislikes C．finds D．becomes
III. 阅读理解。
请根据短文内容，从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
It was Mar’s birthday. She got a letter from her uncle. “Dear Mary,” he wrote in the letter. “Happy birthday! I’m sending you some chickens. They are arriving tomorrow. I hope you'll like them. Uncle Toddy."
Mary was very happy. She liked eating eggs and chicken. “I can keep the chickens for their eggs or eat them,” she thought.
When the chickens arrived the next day, they were all in a box. Mary took the box off the truck(卡车)and began to carry it into her garden, but the box of chickens was so heavy that she dropped it.
The chickens all ran out. They ran here and there. Mary spent hours in trying to find them.
A few hours later her uncle came. He asked, “Did the chickens arrive safely?” “Yes, but I dropped the box. The chickens ran everywhere. It took me the whole morning to look for them,” Mary said.
“Did you find them all?” asked her uncle. “I hope so,” Mary answered, “ but I only caught eleven of them.”
“That's very interesting. I only sent you six,”her uncle said with a smile.
1. Mary got a letter from her _____.
A. aunt B. uncle C. grandfather D. friend
2. When she got the letter, Mary was _____.
A. happy B. sad C. tired D. unhappy
3. Why did Mary drop the box? Because ______.
A. she didn’t like the present
B. the box was too heavy
C. she wanted to let the chickens go out
D. she couldn’t wait to look at her present
4. It took Mary ______ to find the chickens.
A. an hour B. two hours C. three hours D. the whole morning
5. Did Mary know how many chickens her uncle sent her?
A. Yes, she did. B. Her uncle knew. C. Maybe she knew D. No, she didn’t.
B
Do you have any foreign friends? Do you know their characteristics(特征)?
The Germans are very quiet and they always keep calm．They don't like to speak more words．They look very serious．They 1ike different kinds of amusements．The Germans are very hard-working．They like tidiness，especially the women，who always keep their home clean.
In some ways，the Englishmen look the same as the Germans．They are very quiet and never talk too much with the strangers．They are really polite，So we often hear they say“ Thank you．”or “Sorry”. The gentlemen are also the Englishmen.
The French’s holidays are very long．They like traveling and usually spend their long time staying in other countries．The Frenchmen are more outgoing than the Germans．It is very easy to make friends with them．
Compared to the Frenchmen，the Americans are more outgoing．And they are even opener than all of the Europeans．They don’t like to depend on others．So it is very common that the students do part-time jobs in their free time．And in Americans eyes，success is an important part in their life.
6. According to the passage，_______ are very quiet.
A．only the Germans B．only the Englishmen
C．only the Frenchmen D．both the Germans and the Englishmen
7.What does the underlined word“tidiness”mean in Chinese?
A．整洁 B．安静 C．时尚 D．随意

8.In the writer's eyes，the gentlemen are ________．
A．the Germans B．the Frenchmen
C．the Englishmen D．the Americans
9.What can we learn about the Frenchmen from the passage?
A．They are more outgoing than the Americans．
B．It is very easy to make friends with them．
C．They like traveling in their own country．
D．They look serious and are always hard-working．
10.Which is the best title of the passage?
A．Foreigners’ hobbies．
B．Who are more outgoing?
C．Characteristics of foreigners．
D．Success is an important part in Americans’life．
C
阅读短文，根据其内容，补全下面表格。
What’s the secret of being a great friend? Here are some tips to help you be a nice friend.
Laugh and cry together.
Laughing with a friend is the best, but sometimes it’s crying that brings you closer together. Don’t be afraid to be yourself with your friends. Share your true feelings—you may learn that your friends feel the same way. As a result, friends will understand each other better.
Be a thoughtful gift giver.
Gift-giving isn’t just for birthdays or holidays—it can be a fun way of making your friends feel special! But don’t buy expensive presents—be creative! Making things shows you care, because you put time and thought into your gifts. Bake him favorite cookies, write him a poem, or draw something special for him. Small thoughtful gifts, such as picking a flower for a friend who is sick, just might cheer him up.
Stand up for him.
It’s hard to watch someone laugh at a friend. But don’t just stand there, do something about it! You can find a creative way to solve the problem to make others look at your friend differently. Other times, you need to show your courage and support him—he needs you. It may be not easy, but it’s what a good friend should do!
How to Be a Great Friend
Laugh and cry together. 1. Both laughing and (11) ________ can bring friends closer. 2. Sharing your true feelings with friends can help you understand each other better.
Be a thoughtful gift giver. 1. Giving friends gifts can make them feel (12) ________. 2. You’d better make small gifts by yourself (13) ________ buying expensive ones for your friends.
Stand up for him. 1. If your friends are (14) ________ at, you can find a creative way to help them. 2. Show your courage and (15) ________ your friends.

IV. 书面表达。
根据表中所给信息，写一篇文章来介绍你的朋友汤姆。
Name Tom Age 15 Country England
Appearance tall，blue eyes，golden hair
Character lovely，helpful
Favorite sports swimming，running
Hobbies reading，listening to music
Interest Chinese history and culture

要求：内容包括所提供的信息及要点，可适当发挥，但不必逐条翻译；
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



























Unit 2 School life词句精讲精练
【词汇精讲】
1. have to
have to意为“不得不，必须”，表示客观情况要求某人必须做某事，有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形。
例如：She isn’t very well these days and she has to stay at home. 她这些天身体不太好，不得不待在家里。
You don’t have to tell me this. 你不必告诉我这件事。
Do you have to do everything? 什么事都得你做吗？
She doesn’t have to come this afternoon. 今天下午她不必来。
【拓展】must与have to的辨析：
have to侧重于客观需要，含有“不得不”或“被迫”之意，有多种时态形式；否定式为don’t have to意为“不必”。
must侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；只有现在时一种形式（在宾语从句中可以表示过去）；否定式mustn’t 意为“一定不要；不允许”。例如：You must do your homework first. 你必须先做作业。
It’s raining. I have to stay at home. 正在下雨，我不得不待在家里。
口诀：“主观职责”说“必须”，must赶紧用上去；若是“环境”“不得不”，赶紧换用have to。
2. fewer
fewer意为“更少的”，是few的比较级形式。
例如：Fewer people study Latin today than before. 现在学拉丁语的人比以前少了。
【拓展】a few/ a little; few/little的辨析：
可数 不可数
肯定 a few(有一些) a little(有一些)
否定 few(几乎没有) little(几乎没有)

例如：We have little time to do it. 我们几乎没有时间来做这件事。
He is new here. So he has few friends. 他是新来的，所以几乎没有朋友。
Peter has just been away for a few minutes. Peter刚离开几分钟。
There is a little milk in the fridge.We can buy it tomorrow. 冰箱里还有一点牛奶，我们可以明天去买。
口诀：few, little有异同，修饰名词（可数或不可数）要记清；
其前有 “a”表示肯定，其前无 “a” 表示否定。
3. look through
look through是动副结构，意为“浏览，快速查看”。其后接名词或代词，但代词需放在look和through的中间。另外，look through还有“透过……看”之意。
例如：Before the meeting, I looked through the reports. 会议前，我浏览了报告。
The boy is looking through the window of his house. 那个男孩正透过他家的窗户看。
【拓展】look 的相关短语：
look up (在字典、参考书中)查询所需的信息
look for 寻找
look over (医生)仔细检查
look around 环顾四周
look after 照看
look at 看……
look down on 看不起
4. during
during是介词，意为“在……期间”。
例如：I went to see my uncle during my stay in Beijing. 我在北京逗留期间去看我叔叔了。
【拓展】during; in 和for的辨析：
during指“在……时间内，在……的期间”，一般有明确的时间长度和起止时间。谓语动词常为持续性的动作或状态，时间段前常有限定词（the; 物主代词等），表特指。
例如：He asked many questions during the three meetings. 在这三次会议期间，他问了许多问题。
in意为“在……时间内”，一般情况下可以和during互换，用in时往往强调某一动作发生在某一时间段中的某一时间点；during既可用在“在整个时间段期间”，也可用在“某时间段内的某个时间点”。
例如： Mike put his hand up three times during/in the class. 在这节课内，Mike举了三次手。
for意为“（时间）长达……”，强调时间由始至终，动作也贯穿这段时间的始终，可以和完成时连用。强调持续时间的长短，回答how long的问题；而during则是指动作所发生的时间，回答when的问题。
例如：He stayed in Beijing for two years. 他在北京住了两年。
He swims every day during the summer. 夏天他每天去游泳。
5. borrow
borrow vt. 意为“借、借用、借进”，指向别人借东西，常用的句型是borrow sth. from. sb. 意为“从某人那里借某物”。
例如：Can I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行车吗？
He borrowed some books from the school library yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午他从学校图书馆借了一些书。
【拓展】lend; use; keep和rent的辨析：
lend是指把东西借给别人，即“借出”，常用的句型是lend sth. to sb.把某物借给某人。
例如：Can you lend your bike to me? 你能把你的自行车借给我用用吗？
(2) use 意为“使用、借用”，指当时临时借用一下笔、电话等或不能移动的东西。例如：May I use your telephone? 我可以用用你的电话吗？
(3) keep是由“保存、保持”引申出“借”的含义，是延续性动词，用于替换瞬间动词borrow。
例如：Can I keep the book a little longer? 我借这本书的时间能长点吗？
rent指付费租借，即“租借、租用”，而borrow; lend; use和keep都表示免费借用。
例如：We rented the house from the woman. 我们向那个妇女租下了这所房子。
6. offer
(1) offer是动词，意为“提供”。
例如：They will offer drinks during the meeting. 会议期间他们将提供饮料。
The young man offered an old man his own seats. = The young man offered his own seat to an old man. 那个年轻人把自己的座位让给了一位老人。
(2) offer的常见搭配：
offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物
例如：He offered me a glass of wine. 他端给我一杯酒。
They offered to help me. 他们表示愿意帮助我。
7. on Friday afternoon
on Friday afternoon意为“在星期五下午”。on在此处是介词，表示时间，用在具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上或星期、节日等时间名词前。
例如：on Saturday 在星期六
We are very happy on Children’s Day. 儿童节那天我们很开心。
【拓展】时间介词in与at：
in后常跟年，月，季节，周等，也用于表示泛指的上午，下午，晚上。
例如：in summer 在夏季 in the morning 在上午 in July 在七月
We often plant trees in spring. 我们经常在春季植树。
My father often goes to Beijing in January. 我的爸爸经常在一月去北京。
at后常跟表示某个具体的时刻点。
例如：at 7:00 在七点钟 at the moment 在此刻
at night 在晚上 at noon 在中午
8.wear
wear意为“穿，戴”，其后接衣服、鞋帽、眼镜等名词。
例如：She likes wearing a skirt. 她喜欢穿裙子。
【拓展】put on，wear与in的辨析：
put on, wear与in都有“穿，戴”之意。
（1）wear指穿的状态，意为“穿着，戴着”。
例如：She is wearing a red skirt. 她穿着红裙子。
put on指穿的动作，意为“穿上，戴上”。
例如：He is putting on his shoes. 他在穿鞋。
in指穿的状态，意为“穿着，戴着”。但它不能作谓语，后常跟颜色词。
例如：She is in red today. 她今天穿的红衣服。
9. win
win是动词，意为“赢得；打败；战胜”，其现在分词要双写n，再加-ing，过去式和过去分词均为won。
例如：He won a prize last week. 他上周得奖了。
They won the basketball match yesterday. 他们昨天赢得了那场篮球比赛。
【拓展】win和beat的辨析：
win强调赢得“比赛、游戏、战争”，获得“名次、奖品”。
例如：win a prize 得奖
win a game 赢得比赛
win a honor 赢得荣誉
win a battle 赢得战斗
win a match 赢得比赛
win a scholarship 赢得奖学金
beat强调“打败，战胜”，其后只能接比赛、竞争的对手，即beat只能接表示人的词语作宾语。
例如：beat a team 战胜/打败一队（组）
beat a nation 战争/打败一个国家
beat an opponent 战胜/打败一个对手
10. finish
finish意为“完成，结束”，作及物动词时，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词。即：finish sth.或finish doing sth.。
例如：I finished my homework this morning. 我今天上午做完了作业。
When did you finish drawing the picture? 你什么时候画完那副画的？
【拓展】
能接v.-ing作宾语的动词还有：practice; enjoy; mind; keep等。
practice doing sth. 练习做某事
enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
mind doing sth. 介意做某事
keep doing sth. 一直做某事
【词汇精练】
I. 英汉互译。
1. buy sth. for sb. __________________
2. 花时间做某事__________________
3. 浏览__________________
4. keep on doing sth. __________________
5. 不得不，必须__________________
6. borrow sth. from sb. __________________
7. 主动提出做某事__________________
8. 在星期一下午__________________
9. 赢得比赛__________________
10. finish doing sth. __________________
II. 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. Shall we go to see the m____________ this afternoon?
2.There are some difference between B____________ English and American English.
3. My father often listens to my problems and o____________ me help.
4. Near the end of each class, we can ____________(讨论) some problems together.
5. Time ____________(似乎) to go faster when we enjoy the interesting games.
6. We s____________ much time doing our homework yesterday.
7. In our ____________(日常的) life, we can see many advertisements everywhere.
8. Learning a foreign ____________(语言) is great fun.
9. I like wearing my u____________ to school.
10. V____________ is another way of saying holiday.
III. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. There are ___________(few) lives on the moon than on the earth.
2. We plant ___________(many) trees than before.
3. My sister is ____________(comfortable) because she lost her money.
4. These apples taste ____________(well) and sell well.
5. — Sorry, I am late.
— Why don’t you ____________(get) up early?
6. My parents like ____________(watch) TV in the evening.
7. Tom seems ____________(be) a hero.
8.Our teacher asks us ____________(turn) off the lights when we leave the classroom.
【句式精讲】
1. Time seems to go faster when we are reading interesting books.
seem是动词，意为“仿佛；似乎；好像”。seem to do sth. 意为“似乎、看来、好像做某事”。
例如：I seem to have left my book at home. 我好像把书忘在家里了。
She seems to be happy. 她看起来很高兴。
【拓展】seem的用法归纳：
seem + 名词。
例如：He seems a nice man. 他看起来是个好人。
(2) seem like…意为“好像，似乎……”。
例如：It seemed like not a bad idea at that time. 那时这主意好像不错。
seem + 形容词。
例如：He seems very angry. 他好像非常生气。
It seems that…或It seemed that…意为“看起来好像……，似乎……”。
例如：It seemed that he was very happy. 他看上去好像很高兴。
2. In the club, older students help new students learn more about the school.
(1) help sb. do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”。此句型也可以说成：help sb. to do sth.。例如：He helps me learn English.= He helps me to learn English. 他帮助我学习英语。
(2) help sb. with sth.在某事上帮助某人。
例如：My maths teacher helps me with my maths. 我的数学老师在数学上帮助我。
(3) help 也可以作名词，作名词时常用于下列短语：
with one’s help= with the help of 在……的帮助下
例如：With Mary’s help, I made rapid progress in English learning. = With the help of Mary, I made rapid progress in English learn. 在Mary的帮助下，我在英语学习方面进步很快。
3.Both Nancy and John are Grade 8 students.
句子中的both...and相当于一个连词，意思是“不但……而且”，它可以连接两个名词、形容词或者介词短语等，如果连接两个主语的时候，谓语动词常用复数形式。
例如：Both my father and mother are doctors. 我的父亲和母亲都是医生。
He speaks both English and French. 他既会说英语还会说法语。
【拓展】
both...and的否定短语是neither...nor，意思是“既不……也不……”。
例如：It’s neither too cold nor too hot. 天气既不太冷也不太热。
Neither boys nor girls are interested in it. 男孩子和女孩子对此都不感兴趣。
4. How much time do students spend on homework every day?
spend是动词，意为“花费（时间或金钱）”。其过去式为spent。用法如下：
spend + 时间/金钱 + (in) doing sth. 花费时间或金钱做某事
spend+时间/金钱 + on sth. 花费时间或金钱在某物上
例如：I spend two hours in reading every day. 我每天花两个小时阅读。
He spends 20 yuan on books every month. 他每月花20元买书。
表示“花费”的spend、take、cost和pay的辨析：
词语 主语 结构
spend 人(sb.) sb. spends + 时间或金钱+ (in) doing sth. /on sth.
take it作形式主语 It takes sb. some time to do sth.(真正主语)
pay 人(sb.) sb. pays + 金钱+ for sth.
cost sth.(物) sth. costs sb. + 金钱

例如：I spent 3 hours (in) doing /on my homework yesterday. 昨天我花了三个小时做作业。
It took me four hours to go to Wuhan by bus. 乘公共汽车去武汉花了我四个小时。
I paid six yuan for the pen. 我花了六元钱买这支笔。
My English book cost me five yuan. 我的英语书花了我五元钱。
5. How about you, Simon
(1) “How about…= What about…”意为“……怎么样”，用来征求别人的意见，了解情况或提出建议。其后可以接名词或者代词，接代词时要用宾格。
例如：What about the book? 那本书怎么样？
I like this car, what about him? 我喜欢这辆汽车，他呢？
how about后接动词时一定要用动词的-ing形式。
例如：How about going shopping? 去购物怎么样？
How about drinking a cup of tea? 喝杯茶怎么样？
【句式精练】
I. 根据汉语提示，完成英语句子（每空一词）。
1. 你为什不和我么一起回家呢？
___________ ___________ ___________ go home with us together?
2. 家里几乎没有牛奶了。我们买一些吧。
There is___________ ___________ at home. Let’s buy some.
3. 西蒙一直练习打篮球。
Simon keeps on ___________ ___________ ___________.
4. 你的新汽车花了多少钱？
How much did you ___________ ___________ your new car?
5. 骑自行车去那里要多长时间？
___________ ___________ does it take to go there by bike?
6. 他们不得不更加努力地去学更多的东西。
They ____________ ____________ work harder and ____________ ____________.
7. 让我们今天下午去看电影好吗？
____________ we ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ this afternoon?
8. 我们也能从家里带来书和杂志。
We can ____________ ____________ books and magazines from home.
9. 当我们读有趣的书时，时间似乎过得更快。
Time ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ when we read interesting books.
10. 他经常仔细聆听我的问题并给我提供帮助。
He often ____________ ____________ to my problems and ____________ me help.
II. 句型转换，每空一词。
1. I spend ten minutes cleaning my room every day. (改为同义句)
____________ ____________ me ten minutes to clean my room every day.
2. The book on the left is the most interesting. (对划线部分提问)
____________ book is the most interesting?
3. little; difficult; swimming; diving; more; a; than; is(连词成句)
_____________________________________________________________
4. The park is the most beautiful in Canada. (同义句转换)
The park is more beautiful than ____________ ____________ park in Canada.
5. Mr.Green has to stay in hospital for two months. (对划线部分提问)
____________ ____________ ____________ Mr.Green ____________ ____________ stay in hospital?
III. 补全对话。
A: Hello. 1. ___________________.
B: Me, too.
A: But you look worried. 2. __________________?
B: I got a “C” in the English exam.
A: 3. ______________________!
B: I think English is too difficult for me. I don't understand why we Chinese students have to learn it.
A: You know, 4. _____________________.
B: You’re right. Though it’s very useful, it’s too hard.
A: It’s hard, but it’s important. 5. ______________.
B: Really? It’s very kind of you. I’ll try harder.
A. Nice to meet you B. Bad luck C. Let me help you with your English D. English is most widely used in the world E. What’s wrong with you








Unit 2 School life综合能力演练
【巩固练习】
I. 单项选择。
1. She often helped Danny ___________ his illness.
A. during B. at C. to D. down
2. I’d like to ___________ a book on computer technology from the library.
A. lend B. borrow C. use D. buy
3. Maria is a good child. She often ___________ others.
A. offers to help B. offers helping C. asks help D. asks to help
4. Mo Yan ___________ the Nobel Prize for literature in 2012.
A. beat B. took C. won D. bought
5. I can’t watch TV until I finish ___________ my homework.
A. doing B. to do C. do D. to doing
6. Let’s play table tennis ___________ Tuesday morning, shall we?
A. on B. in C. to D. at
7. During this year’s Reading Week, I read the most books in our class. No one reads __________ books than I.
A. many B. more C. few D. fewer
8. Look! Some students are ___________ books in the bookstore.
A. looking after B. looking up C. looking through D. looking out
9. — I ___________ 5,000 yuan on this iPhone.
— Wow, so much! I can’t afford it.
A. spent B. paid C. cost D. took
10. — How often do you see your parents?
— ___________.
A. Five days B. Twice a month C. In a week D. Three times
11. Of all the girls, Lisa danced ___________. She won the first prize.
A. good B. well C. best D. better
12. — Tim played the guitar very well in the school talent show.
— I think so. He practices ___________ it every day.
A. play B. playing C. to play D. plays
13. I bought ___________ exercise books with ___________ money.
A. a few; a few B. a few; a little C. a little; a few D. a little; a little
14. — Must I do my homework now, Mum?
— ___________. You can do it tomorrow.
A. No, you needn’t B. No, you mustn’t C. Yes, you need D. Yes, you must
15. It’s raining outside. ___________ your raincoat before you go out.
A. Put on B. Wear C. In D. Dress
II. 完形填空。
　 I’m a student. I go to school five days a week, 1 I don’t have too much free time. I usually spend four hours at school and then I have lunch at the school 2 . After that I go to the library 3 go home to study. If I have some free time during the week, I might also read a book or watch TV. Recently I am 4 with my graduation(毕业) examination which takes up a lot of time.
I have a lot of things 5 , but I still have some free time for my 6 . At weekends during spring and autumn I like to go 7 my family to our cottage. I like taking long walks around the countryside and watching the seasons change. I am 8 interested in rock collecting and mineralogy. So when I get some free time, I like to look for interesting rocks. In 9 I enjoy sports such as skiing, skating or playing ice hockey. I’m not very good at 10 or hockey, but I think I’ve become a pretty good skier.
1. A. because B. why C. so D. but
2. A. library B. dining hall C. playground D. laboratory
3. A. or B. but C. so D. and
4. A. busy B. angry C. lazy D. many
5. A. do B. to do C. doing D. to doing
6. A. classes B. lessons C. games D. hobbies
7. A. in B. for C. with D. past
8. A. also B. yet C. even D. ever
9. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter
10. A. swimming B. skating C. basketball D. running
III. 阅读理解。
A
Four girls went to school together every day by taxi.
One day one of the girls said, “There is a test this morning, let’s get to school late. Then we can miss the test. ”
“What can we say to the teacher?” One of the girls said. “He’ll be angry. We’ll need a good reason. ”The girl thought for several minutes, then one of them said, “Let’s tell them that our taxi had a flat tyre（轮胎扁了）.”
“That’s a good idea,” the other girl said. “We’ll tell him that.” They reached school an hour later. The test was already finished.
“Why are you late?” The teacher asked. “You missed the test.”
“Our taxi had a flat tyre.” One of the girls said.
The teacher thought for a moment, then he said, “Sit down, one of you in each corner of the room.” The four girls did that.
Then the teacher said, “Write on a piece of paper the answer to this question: Which tyre was flat?”
1. The four girls went to school _________.
A. by car B. by taxi C. on foot D. by bus
2. — Why did the four girls want to go to school late.
— Because there was ______________.
A. a test B. a party C. a sports meeting D. a class
3. The excuse(借口) that they didn’t want to get to school on time is that ________.
A. they were sick B. their bikes were stolen C. their taxi had a flat tyre D. the traffic jam
4. When they got to school, the test _________.
A. was finished B. didn’t begin C. was going on D. was canceled
5. Then the teacher let them tell him ___________.
A. which tyre was flat B. where they went C. who thought out the idea D. when they arrived
B
Miss. Green taught physics in a London school. Last month she explained to one of her classes about sound, and she decided to test them to see how well she had been in her work. She said to them, “Now, I have a sister in Washington. If I was calling her on the telephone, and at the same time you were 20 meters away, and listened to me from the other side of the street, who would hear what I said earlier, my sister or you? And why?”
The cleverest boy at once answered, “Your sister, Miss. Green, because electricity (电) travels faster than sound waves.”
“That’s very good,” Miss. Green answered. But then one of the girls put up her hand. Miss. Green said, “Yes, Betty?”
“I don’t think so,” Betty said. “Your sister would hear you earlier because when it’s eleven o’clock here, it’s six o’clock in Washington.”
6. Miss. Green was teaching the class ___________.
A. to her sound　　　　　　 B. about sound
C. about electricity　　　　 D. about telephone
7. She wanted to know ____________.
A. whether her students could tell which was faster, electricity or sound waves
B. whether her students could hear from 20 meters away
C. whether she could call her sister in Washington
D. whether her sister could hear her in Washington
8. The cleverest boy thought that ___________.
A. the students would hear Miss. Green earlier
B. the students would hear her sister earlier
C. sound waves were slower than electricity
D. electricity travels slower than sound waves
9. Miss. Green ____________.
A. was pleased with what the cleverest boy had said
B. didn’t think the cleverest boy’s answer was so good
C. thought Betty’s answer was much better
D. thought Betty is clever than the cleverest boy
10. Betty thought ____________.
A. electricity was faster than sound waves
B. those in Washington showed a different time from those in London
C. electricity travels as fast as sound waves
D. electricity was slower than sound waves





IV. 书面表达。
根据下面提示，完成短文。题目“我的理想学校 (My Ideal School)”。词数80左右。
1. 起床晚，所以希望上学晚，放学早。有很多的空余时间。
2. 学校餐厅大而明亮。可以在那里吃饭或聊天。
3. 每天都上电脑课。每人一台电脑，可以玩游戏。
4. 有藏书丰富的图书馆，网球场和游泳池。
5. 作业少，课外活动多。周末不用做作业。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 3 A day out词句精讲精练
【词汇精讲】
1. need
(1) need作实义动词，意为“需要，必然”，有人称、时态及数的变化。
sb./ sth. 需要某人/某物

need + to do sth.需要做某事

doing 需要（被）做
例如：He needs some help. 他需要些帮助。
You didn’t need to come so early. 你不必来这么早。
The flowers need watering. 花需要浇水。
need也可作情态动词，意为“需要，必须”，没有人称、数和时态的变化，后接动词原形，多用于否定句和疑问句中。
例如：He need not go at once. 他不必立刻走。
Need he go at once? 他必须立刻走吗？
用must提问的句子，其否定回答常用needn’t。
例如：— Must he hand in his homework this morning? 他必须今天上午交作业吗？
　　 — No, he needn’t. 不，不必了。
【拓展】need to do和need doing的辨析：
need to do sth.意为“需要干某事”，是自己主动去干某事；need doing其主语是物，含有被动的意义，相当于need to be done。
例如：The student needs to do his homework as soon as he gets home.
那个学生需要一回家就做家庭作业。
My computer needs repairing. 我的电脑需要修理。
2. too much ＆ much too
too much在课文中作形容词，意为“许多，大量”，后接不可数名词，也可作代词短语。
例如：I had too much. I’m full now. 我吃的太多了，现在饱了。
【拓展】too much / too many / much too的辨析：
词语 词形 特点
too much 形容词短语 后跟不可数名词，也可作代词短语
too many 形容词短语 后跟可数名词的复数，也可作代词短语
much too 副词短语 后跟形容词或副词

例如：Don’t eat too much sweet. It’s bad for your teeth. 不要吃太多的糖，对牙齿不好。
There are too many books in the room. You can choose any one to read. 房间里有太多的书了，你可以选择任何一本来读。
It’s much too cold outside. You should put on your coat. 外面太冷了，你应该穿上外套。
3. in front of ＆ in the front of
in front of和in the front of 都是介词短语, 表示“在......前面”，of的后面经常用名词或者代词表示地点。但是in front of强调一个物体在另一个物体外部的前面。in the front of强调一个物体在另一个物体内部的前面。
例如：There is a big desk in the front of our classroom. 在我们教室里，前面有一个大课桌。
There is a big tree in front of our classroom. 我们教室前面有一棵大树。
4. arrive, get＆reach
（1）arrive 意为“到达”， 不及物动词，后接at 跟小地点；接in跟大地点。
例如：They arrive in Shanghai today. 今天他们到达上海。
When I arrive at the hotel, I will call you. 我到达旅馆时，会给你打电话。
get意为“到达”，不及物动词，后接介词to跟地点。
例如：When did you get to Beijing? 你什么时候到达北京？
reach意为“到达”，及物动词，后面直接跟地点。
例如：When she reaches the office, she likes drinking some tea. 她到达办公室时喜欢喝点茶。
5. enjoy oneself
（1）enjoy oneself,意为“玩得开心，过得愉快”，和have a good time同义。
例如：They are enjoying themselves. = They are having a good time. 他们玩得很开心。
enjoy常见的习惯用语还有enjoy doing sth.，意为“喜欢做……”或者“做……很开心/很享受”。其中的enjoy是动词，有“欣赏，享受，喜爱”等意思，后接名词、代词或动名词。
例如：People enjoy the city’s quiet street. 人们喜爱这个城市宁静的街道。
I enjoy listening to pop music. 我喜欢听流行音乐。
6. get on ＆ get off
get on意为“上车”，get off意为“下车”，两者是反义词组。
例如：He gets on the bus at that station every day. 他每天在那个车站上公共汽车。
Don’t get off the bus. 不要下公共汽车。
【拓展】 get的其他常见词组：
get back 返回，回来 get down 下来 get up 起床，起立
get ready for 为……做好准备 get out 出来， 拿出来 get on with sb 与某人相处
7. can’t wait
can’t wait to do sth. 意为“迫不及待去做某事”。
例如：We can’t wait to see the film. 我们迫不及待观看这部电影。
The children couldn’t wait to listen to the story. 孩子们迫不及待要听那个故事。
8. 反身代词的用法
（1）反身代词的构成
反身代词指代某人自己，单数以-self结尾，复数以-selves结尾。第一、二人称反身代词由形容词性物主代词+self/selves构成，第三人称反身代词由宾格人称代词 + self / selves构成。
数 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself; herself; itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves

口诀：反身代词构成并不难，单数词尾-self记心间。第三人称宾格加在前，其余物主开头用在先。复数形式如何变，f要用ves来替换。
（2）反身代词的用法
1）作宾语
反身代词常用在buy, enjoy, help, hurt, teach, wash等及物动词和by, to, after, for, about等介词后作宾语。
例如： You have to learn to look after yourself. 你得学会照顾自己。（作介词的宾语）
My sister can’t wash herself yet. 我的妹妹还不会自己洗脸。（作动词的宾语）
2）作同位语
反身代词常作主语或宾语的同位语，起强调作用，表示“自己；亲自”的意思。作主语同位语时，可以放在主语之后，也可以放在句子的末尾；但作宾语同位语时，反身代词只能放在宾语之后。
例如： The tiger himself didn’t often go to look for food. = The tiger didn’t often go to look for food himself. 老虎自己很少出去寻找食物。（主语同位语）
You’d better ask Mary herself. 你最好问问玛丽本人。（宾语同位语）
3）作表语
反身代词也常放在系动词之后作表语，表示与主语是同一人或物。
例如： The man in the photo is myself. 照片上的那个人就是我（自己）。
口诀：反身代词莫乱用，能作句中宾、表、同（宾语、表语、同位语），主语、定语不宜用，固定搭配要记清。
【词汇精练】
Ⅰ. 汉译英。
1. 玩的愉快__________ 2. 下车__________ 3. 景点_________
4. 非常惊讶（不敢相信自己的眼睛）_________ 5. 主页__________
6. 独立的，独自_________
Ⅱ. 根据首字母提示或句意补全单词。
1. We n_____ help at the old people’s home.
2. The p_______ of the USA lives in the White House.
3. The bridge is not w_______ enough to cross three cars at the same time.
4. The window is made of s_______ so it’s very strong.
5. Tom?i____________? me to his birthday party yesterday.
Ⅲ. 用反身代词填空。
1. I’m not angry with you. I am angry with _______________.
2. Mary had a nice time on London. She enjoyed _______________ so much.
3. He never thinks about other people. He only thinks about _______________.
4. I cooked _______________ a meal and then I watched television.
5. She put the plates on the table and told them to help _______________ to the food.
6. Tom hurt _______________ when he was playing football.
7. She makes all her clothes _______________.
8. －Simon: Did you paint the room _______________?
　 －Alice: Yes, it took me three days to do it.
9. He typed the letter _______________ and then he posted it.
10. Nobody teaches him; he learns English by ______.
Ⅳ. 选词填空。
1. I have _______ ( much too, too much) work to do.
2. Would you like _______ (some , any) ice cream?
3. There is a tree ________ (in the front of, in front of) the house.
4. We arrived _______( at, in ) Beijing yesterday.
5. You shouldn’t get _______ (on , off ) the bus until it stops.
【句式精讲】
1. It took us about two hours to get there by bus.
（1）It takes sb. some time to do sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事需要花费某人多长时间”。take在此意为“花费”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式to do sth.。句式中的take的时态要根据具体情况而变化，课文的中的这个句子take用的是一般过去时。对这个句式中的时间提问时用how long。
例如：It takes me half an hour to finish my homework every day. 我每天花费半个小时的时间做作业。
How long does it take you from your home to school? 从学校到你家要花多长时间？
动词spend也有“花费多长时间做某事”的意思，但句式和take不同。它的句式是“sb. spends + 时间或金钱+ (in) doing sth. /on sth.”。
例如：I spend about 3 hours (in) doing /on my homework every day. 我每天花大约三个小时做作业。
2. The model Golden Gate Bridge looked as great as the one back home.
（1）句中的as…as 是一个固定词组，中间加形容词或副词原形，表示同级的比较，意为“和……一样”。
例如：This film is as interesting as that one. 这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。
Your pen writes as smoothly as mine. 你的钢笔书写起来和我的一样流畅。
as…as的否定式为not as/so… as…中间加形容词或副词原形，意为“和……不一样”。
例如：This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think. 这本字典不如你想象的那样有用。
3. …it was also great to learn a lot about different cultures.
本句使用了It’s + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.结构，在这个结构中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。因为课文中的这个句子是一般过去时，因此这里的is变成了was。
例如：To learn English is not easy. = It is/It’s not easy to learn English. 学英语不容易。
To pass the exam was difficult. = It was difficult to pass the exam. 通过考试很难。
【拓展】
It’s + adj. + for sb. to do sth.这一结构中，形容词是表示做某事的“性质、特征”，这类形容词有：important，easy，difficult，hard，necessary等。
例如：It’s necessary for you to do more exercise. 多锻炼对你来说是必要的。
It’s + adj. + of sb. to do sth.这一结构中，形容词是表示人的“品质”，这类形容词有：kind，wise，clever，good，foolish等。
例如：It’s kind of you to say so. 你这样说真是太善良了。
4. Let’s ＆ Let us
let’s 与let us均可以用于提建议，意为“让我们……吧！”，但是在用法上略有区别：在表示向对方提出建议，涉及双方的共同行为时，“let us”可以缩写成“let’s”；而表示请求对方允许做某事，不涉及对方行为时，“let us”不能缩写成“let’s”。
例如：Let’s (=Let us) play sports. 咱们做运动吧。
Let us know your telephone number. 请把你的电话号码告诉我们。（Let us 不能缩写成Let’s）
【注意】
以“Let’s”开头的句子改为反意疑问句的时候，后面的附加疑问句用“shall we？”；以“Let us”开头的句子改为反意疑问句的时候，后面的附加疑问句用“will you?”
5. Come on, Hobo.
come on 意为“快点”，是come组成的常用词组之一，在口语中使用很广泛，有很多不同的意思。以下是常见的用法：
表示请求、鼓励、劝说等。
例如：Come on，Lucy，don’t be so shy. 来吧，露茜，别不好意思。
表示催促。
例如：Come on, it’s getting dark. 快点，天要黑了。
体育竞赛时鼓励队员，意为“加油”。
例如：“Come on！ Come on！”shouted the audience again and again. “加油！加油！”观众一再地喊。
【句式精练】
Ⅰ.句型转换。
1. He learns English by himself. (同义句)
　He________?__________English.
2. English is hard to learn. English is very useful. (合并为一句)
　English is hard to learn ______very useful.
3. We enjoyed ourselves in the World Park. (对划线部分提问)
　________did ______enjoy_____ _____?
4. They went to watch the final match by coach.? (同义句)
　They______?______?_____to watch the final match.
5. The match took place at South Hill School. (否定句)
　The match_______?______ ______at South Hill School.
6. It takes us half an hour to get to the zoo.（改为否定句）
　It ???????????????????????us half hour to get to the zoo．
7. Kitty planned to visit the zoo. (对划线部分提问)
　_______ _______ Kitty plan to _______?
8. We can get to the centre of the town by bus. (对划线部分提问)
　_______ can we _______ _______ the centre of the town?

9. The trip from Kitty’s school to the park took about two hours by coach. (改为同义句)
_______ _______ about two hours ______ ______ a trip from Kitty’s school to the park by coach.
10. It was a great day. (改为感叹句)
_______ _______ _______ ______ it was!
Ⅱ. 根据句意完成下列句子，每空一词。
1. 乘公共汽车到故宫大约半个小时。
______ ______ about half an hour ______ ______ to the Palace Museum by bus.
2. 英语和数学一样重要。
English is ______ ______ ______ math.
3. 快点，公共汽车来了。
______ ______, the bus is coming.
4. 咱们先去见我的新朋友吧。
______ ______my new friends ________.
5. 对我来说听清楚你说话很难。
It’s ________ for me________ ________ to you clearly.
6. 我们将乘地铁到市中心去。
We are going to the ______ ______ the city _______ _______.
7. 他邀请我参加他的生日宴会。
He _______ me _______ _______ ________ his birthday party.
8. 记住别攀爬岩石。
Remember _______ _______ _______ the rocks.
9. 谢谢你帮我保守秘密。
_______ _______ _______ the secret for me.
10. 你们昨天在公园玩儿的开心吗？
Did you _______ _______ in the park yesterday?
Ⅲ.根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子使对话意义连贯、完整。
A: The summer holiday is coming. (1) _____________________?
B: I’m going to Mount Heng which lies in Nanyue.
A: (2) ____________________________?
B: I will be there for three days.
A: (3) ____________________________?
B: It's less than an hour's drive from Hengyang City.
A: (4) ____________________________?
B: It's very beautiful. And many tourists go there for holidays every year.
A: Oh, I see. (5) ____________________?
B: I’ll go with my parents.
A: It's time for class now. See you.
B: See you.
A．What about making it a little earlier? B．I have no idea． C．Let's share them together． D．Thank you all the same． E．Do you like basketball? F．Where and when shall we meet? G．It doesn't matter．









A：What do you plan to do this weekend?
B： 1
A：I hear there's going to be a basketball match this Sunday．Tom and I are going to
watch it. 2
B：Of course．Basketball is my favourite．But I have no ticket．What a pity!
A：You are lucky．I have some free tickets． 3
B：Great! 4
A：Let's meet at the bus stop at half past five．
B：I think there must be a lot of people there． 5
A：OK．See you at five o'clock．
B：See you．

































Unit 3 A day out综合能力演练
【巩固练习】
I. 单项选择。
1. It was interesting _____ see so many places of interest_____ all over the world.
A. in; in B. to; in C. to; from D. in; from
2. Xiao Ming is in Class 2______ his brother is in Class 3.
A. but B. so C. or D. and
3．The children enjoyed _______ very much in the park．
A．itself B．himself C．yourselves D．themselves
4. His e-friend likes_______ .
A. travel B. travels C. traveling D. traveled
5. Where did you choose ______?
A. sit B. to sit C. sitting D. siting
6. Judy can speak English _______ Chinese.
A. as good as B. as better as C. as nice as D. as well as
7. Linda stays_____ her cousin, Jack, in Beijing.
A. and B. with C. at D. to
8. Mike wanted _____ in the dancing.
A. joins B. joining C. to join D. joined
9. He put his photos on his home page_____ everyone_____ look at.
A. for; to B. for; for C. to; to D. to; for
10. Yesterday’s trip was great. Helen really _____ herself.
A. enjoys B. enjoyed C. enjoy D. enjoying
11．I'm sorry I can't go with you．I have _______ homework to do today．
A．too many B．many too C．too much D much too
12．—Why are you so excited?
—Peter invited me _______ on a trip to the Great Wall．
A．to go B．go C．going D．went
13．It was already two o'clock when I _______ London．
A．arrived B．got C．reached D．came
14．The bus is coming．Oh，no! It’s full．I'm afraid we can't _______.
A．get up B．get on C．get out D．get off
15．Don’t stand ______ the TV．I'm watching the football match．
A．behind B．in front of C．next to D．opposite
[真题链接]
My sister is old enough to dress______now.
A. himself B. herself C. myself
2. It only _______ me half an hour _______ to school every day last term.　　
A. takes; riding B. spent; to ride C. cost; walk D. took; to walk
3. Don’t forget ______ thanks when other people help you.
A. accept B. to accept C. say D. to say


II. 完形填空。
　 Did you visit Yunnan? I visited it 1 the summer holiday with my parents．Now let me 2 you something about the beautiful place．
Yunnan is in the southwest of China．It 3 us about eight days to travel around Yunnan． 4 ，we visited Kunming．Kunming is the capital of Yunnan Province．In Kunming，Stone Forest is well-known．I enjoyed it 5 and didn't think of 6 ．
Then，we went to Dali. Dali is about 359 kilo metres away from Kunming．Its pleasant weather made us 7 comfortable．Dali has a very long history of more than 4，000 years．It is 8 for Erhai Lake．The water in the lake is very clean． Finally，we took a bus to Lijiang．It is not far 9 Dali．There are many other places of interest 10 in Yunnan．We enjoyed ourselves there．
1．A．during B．at C．for D．with
2．A．pass B．give C．make D．tell
3．A．cost B．spent C．took D．paid
4．A．First B．Then C．Finally D．Next
5．A．lots B．a lot C．many D．a little
6．A．go B．staying C．to return D．leaving
7．A．to feel B．felt C．feeling D．feel
8．A．well B．good C．famous D．popular
9．A．away B．into C．from D．to
10．A．visit B．travel C．to visit D．travelling
III. 阅读理解。
A
Whenever you are unhappy or just need something fun to get away from your normal life，travel could be just the thing．You could travel by car，ship or even on foot．It doesn’t matter．I once went on a cruise(游艇)ship to Mexico with my family’s friends．We were in rooms right next to each other．The cruise ship had an art gallery(美术陈列室)，an arcade，a pool and the works．It was fun. Also，if the parents were out doing something，they could leave their children at the“Kids’Club”where the kids have many activities to do．
When we got to Mexico，it was so fun. We went to the beach，then we went to museums and we walked along the streets．It was so different from Canada and China! It was a great experience．
After we went to Mexico，we went back on the cruise ship and there was an amazing show with a performer and many dangerous actions．I will never forget the trip．
根据短文内容，判断下列句子正(T)误(F)。
1．Travel could be just the thing when you are happy．
2．We could travel by car，ship or on foot．
3．The writer went to Mexico with his／her family．
4．They went to Mexico to buy something．
5．The writer went back to China after they went to Mexico．

B
Last weekend three students went to London，and they visited many places．Did they enjoy the trip? Let's listen to them．
“It was a fine day．I went to London with my friends Emily and James．We visited many places．The guide was very kind and funny．I really had a great time in London!”David said．
“The train was so fast．It only took US half an hour．I read many books about London When I saw it with my eyes today，l felt so excited! I took many photos．And I also bought some gifts-for my sister．”Emily said.
“We went to the science museum．All kinds of model robots are my favourites．I learned a lot about robots．T11e food in London Was kind of expensive，but very delicious．An in all，it was a great trip．”James said．
6．Where did the students go?
A．London． B．America． C．Sydney． D．Moscow．
7．How was the weather that day?
A．Windy． B．Cloudy． C．Sunny． D．Snowy．
8．What does David think of the guide?
A．Smart． B．Kind． C．Unfriendly． D．Strange．
9．What did Emily do during the trip?
A．Took many photos． B．Visited the Eiffel Tower．
C．Went boating． D．Read a book．
10．What do they think of the trip?
A．Funny． B．Modern． C．Great． D．Boring．
C
A city without cars would be very strange, right? But Venice is such a city.
Venice is in the northeast of Italy. It wasn't built on land, like Beijing or Shanghai, but on more than 110 islands.?Seawater is everywhere around the city.
Even so, travel isn't difficult. The waterways have always been the best way to get around. There are 117 waterways and more than 400 bridges that can guide you where you want to go. People in Venice move from place to place by boat. They like to enjoy the scenery(风光) and cool summer nights while taking boat trips.? They can talk to other people as they go along.
Venice grew out of small islands in saltwater lakes when some Italians escaped from a war over 1,500 years ago, and built homes there.
Water makes the city special, but it is also a big problem. Sometimes tourists will have such strange experiences. One moment they walk across the Rialto Bridge, and there’s nothing special. But when they come back to the bridge an hour later, it’s underwater and everyone is wearing rain shoes.
Once, people used too much underground water. This made the city get lower little by little. Now the city has gone down by 23 centimeters. Another problem is the rising seawater. The temperature has risen over the years. This has made the ice of the Arctic Ocean (北冰洋) melt(?融化).
Every year, high waters hit the city in autumn and winter. When a lot of water comes, more than half of the city is underwater.
Scientists are trying different ways to stop the city from getting even lower. The Italian government has asked some of Italy’s biggest companies to build the MOST project, which was planned to be built under the seawater to stop the rising water. Anyway, this project is helping solve the problem.
11. According to the passage, Venice is a ___________of Italy.
A. in the northeast. B. in the west. C. in the southwest D. in the south.
12._______have always been the best way to go here and there in the city.
A. Taxis and cars. B. The waterways C.400 bridges. D. Boats and rain shoes.
13. Venice _____________ small islands in saltwater lakes more than 1500 years ago.
A. change into B. used to be C. became D. developed from
14. Which is NOT the reason why the city gets lower and lower?
A. The higher temperature B. Overused underground water
C. Too many waterways D. The rising seawater
15. The passage is mainly about??????? ?of Venice.
A. the waterways and bridge????? B. the most project and problems
C. the specials and problems??????? D. the history an